Pipeline News January 2014

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PIPELINE NEWS :HZRH[JOL^HUÂťZ 7L[YVSL\T 4VU[OS`

January 2014

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FREE

Volume 6 Issue 8

We have jobs A3 Year-end Q&A with McMillan A4 Asteroid strikes B1

'ÄžŽůŽĹ?Ĺ?Ć?Ćš :ŽŚŜ >Ä‚ĹŹÄž Ĺ?Ć? ƚŚĞ žŽĆ?Ćš ĨĆŒÄžĆ‹ĆľÄžĹśĆš Ç€Ĺ?Ć?Ĺ?ĆšĹ˝ĆŒ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ^Ä‚Ć?ĹŹÄ‚ĆšÄ?ĹšÄžÇ Ä‚Ĺś ^ĆľÄ?Ć?ĆľĆŒĨÄ‚Ä?Äž 'ÄžŽůŽĹ?Ĺ?Ä?Ä‚ĹŻ >Ä‚Ä?Ĺ˝ĆŒÄ‚ĆšĹ˝ĆŒÇ‡Í˜ ,Äž Ć?ƉĞŜĚĆ? žŽĆŒÄž Ć&#x; žĞ ĞdžĂžĹ?ĹśĹ?ĹśĹ? ^Ä‚Ć?ĹŹÄ‚ĆšÄ?ĹšÄžÇ Ä‚ĹśÍ›Ć? Ä?Ĺ˝ĆŒÄž ƚŚĂŜ ĂŜLJŽŜÄž ĞůĆ?Ğ͘ dŚĞ ĆšÇ Ĺ˝ ƚĂÄ?ĹŻÄžĆ? Ä‚Ćš ƚŚĞ ĞŜĚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĞdžĂžĹ?ŜĂĆ&#x; ŽŜ ĆŒŽŽž Ä‚ĆŒÄž ĹšĹ?Ć? ĹšŽžÄž Ä‚Ç Ä‚Ç‡ ĨĆŒŽž ĹšŽžÄžÍ˜ Photo by Brian Zinchuk

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INSIDE SECTION A 3

We have jobs

7-8 Opinion

4

Year-end Q&A with Tim McMillan

9

5

Earth sciences 30

11 Using a fungus to turn tailings green

6

Editorial

24 Geology leads Edge to drill again

NEB decides Northern Gateways's fate

SECTION B 1

Asteroid strikes near Stoughton - 190 million years ago

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3

Lightstream drilled 2 wells exploring sĹ?ÄžÇ ÄŽ ĞůĚ ĆŒÄ‚ĆšÄžĆŒ ĆŒĹ?Ĺľ

11 Core lab a treasure-trove

5

Can lithium be extracted from produced water?

6

Impact crater explorer

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16 Geologist John Lake Ď­Ď´ &Ĺ˝ĆŒĹľÄžĆŒ ZĹ?ÄšÄžĆŒĆ? Ň Ĺ˝Ä?ĹŹ ƚŽ Θ WĹ?ƉĞůĹ?ĹśÄžĆŒĆ? ĎŽĎŹ WĆŒĹ˝Ć?ƉĞÄ?ĆšĆ? ĨŽĆŒ Ĺ˝Ĺ?ĹŻĆ?ĂŜĚĆ? ĚĞǀĞůŽƉžĞŜƚ

PIPELINE NEWS :HZRH[JOL^HUÂťZ 7L[YVSL\T 4VU[OS`

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„ By Brian Zinchuk Pipeline News Regina – When PotashCorp handed out hundreds of permanent layoff notices at the Lanigan and Cory mines, part of over 1,000 layoffs worldwide, there was obviously concern for the workers. However, numerous businesses in Saskatchewan, many from the oilpatch, have reached out to those workers with job prospects. A posting on the Ministry of the Economy website, economy.gov.sk.ca, as well as Saskjobs.ca, lists employers who have contacted Labour Market Services and PotashCorp seeking impacted employees. The list was five pages long as of Dec. 16. It turns out there is no shortage of companies seeking skilled workers. Doug Rain, regional director for Saskatoon with the Labour Markets Division of the Ministry of the Economy explained the list was part of the government’s rapid response team which helps soften the blow of layoffs. “It was part of the strategy once the layoff was announced,� Rain said on Dec. 16 via a phone interview. The rapid response group contacts the human resources department of the company in question and sets up sessions with employees and Service Canada. Sessions were held in both Lanigan and at the Cory mine on Dec. 10. Those sessions includes assistance on doing a job search and training options. “Over 400 workers were impacted,� Rain said. At Lanigan there were 250 affected, with 165 at Cory, another 10 at Patience Lake and a further 25 in Saskatoon corporate offices. However, operations at the Allan and Rocanville mines had 60 vacancies, and these jobs were offered up for transfers. Asked how the list came about, he said, “We had a lot of employers call us and PCS (PotashCorp of Saskatchewan) directly. They asked what sort of workers were laid off.� “We want to make sure we had as much information as possible,� Rain said. “If employers are waving the flag for workers, we want to get that out there.� Rain noted there is a bumping process that will take time to settle out, and that everybody looks at a job loss cycle differently. Many workers may be taking their time before deciding their next move. He explained that in the current labour market, out of work employees may not jump at the first job available because more desirable job may materialize around the corner.

That may explain why of the companies Pipeline News spoke to on this list, none had yet heard from any laid off potash workers. The addition of the laid-off workers to the marketplace had not created a glut of people, he said. Saskatchewan still has a tight labour market. We have jobs Among those companies extending job prospects to the laid off potash workers were Advance Engineered Products Ltd., which is looking for welders and mechanics in Lloydminster. At White City with the Dumur division they are seeking CNC machinists; brake press, laser, plasma and saw Operators; MIG welders; shipping and material handling personnel. Advance’s director of human resources Lisa Armbruster said they had not yet heard from any of the laid off workers. “We’ve got some operations looking for employees,� she said. How many varies by the day and branch. Some positions are outside of Saskatchewan. Relocation from Lanigan would be required. Cervus Equipment was looking for management roles such as service manager and shop foreman. They also needed technicians, service advisors and parts people. Nikki Makkar looks after human resources for Saskatchewan and Manitoba for Cervus. “The search is always on,� she said. As of Dec. 16, no one from the potash layoffs specifically had applied. Noting they have different campaigns going on, there were 30 positions open across the province. National Energy Equipment sought repair technicians, millwrights and mechanics. Presicion Well Services need supervisors and operators for snubbing units, as well as coil tubing, nitrogen pump and fluid pump operators. They also listed service rig hands. Hurricane Industries Ltd. was looking for experienced Class 1A or 3A drivers/operators for high pressure foaming, hydrovac, vacuum, semi—vac and body-vac divisions. At Kindersley and Coleville, Precision Instrumentation sought journeyman instrumentation technicians, journeyman electricians, journeyman heavy duty mechanics and mechanics/millwrights. DynaVenture Corp said they were looking for a machinist and project coordinator for Regina. Tervita, which has numerous locations throughout the province, posted its careers page. The Brandt Group of Companies noted 150 individuals are needed to fill a variety of positions in skilled trades, including painters, mechanics, parts, etc.; finance; sales; administration and customer services. SaskPower, CN, Saskatoon Health Region, the City of Regina, Sofina Foods, Magna IV Industries, Donald’s Fine Foods, Tolko Industries, Welldone Mechanical all sought workers as well. Agrium, another major potash producer, listed numerous mining positions for their Vanscoy project.

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BRIEFS Sundance updates Ochapowace activity Sundance Energy Corporation has provided an update on recent drilling activities in the Ochapowace area located in southeast Saskatchewan, where the 16-32 test well started drilling before the end of November, and was drilled to a depth of roughly1,250 metres. The 16-32 test well evaluated the Jurassic Sands, the Bakken, Lodgepole and Birdbear formations. Cores were cut and taken in the Bakken and Lodgepole formations. Seven-inch casing has been run/set from surface down to 30 or 40 metres into the Birdbear formation. The 16-32 test well is currently standing cased and awaiting further evaluation of the logs and cores. The 16-32 test well was drilled, logged, cored and cased at no cost to Sundance. These costs were incurred 100 per cent by a third party exploration company. Any further completion or abandonment costs will also be incurred 100 per cent by the third party exploration company. Sundance retains a 45 per cent interest in the 1632 test well and surrounding lands. In addition, the company remains the operator of the 16-32 test well and the operator of the approximately 40,000 acres in the Ochapowace project area.

Briefs courtesy Nickle’s Daily Oil Bulletin

dŚĞ 'ĆŒÄžÇ‡ ƾƉ Ć‰Ä‚ĆŒÄ‚ÄšÄž ĞŜĚĞĚ Ä‚Ćš ƚŚĞ ^Ä‚Ć?ĹŹÄ‚ĆšÄ?ĹšÄžÇ Ä‚Ĺś >ÄžĹ?Ĺ?Ć?ĹŻÄ‚Ć&#x;ǀĞ ĆľĹ?ĹŻÄšĹ?ĹśĹ? ŽŜ EĹ˝Ç€Í˜ ώϲ͘ ĹśÄžĆŒĹ?LJ ĂŜĚ ZÄžĆ?ŽƾĆŒÄ?ÄžĆ? DĹ?ĹśĹ?Ć?ĆšÄžĆŒ dĹ?Ĺľ DÄ?DĹ?ĹŻĹŻÄ‚Ĺś Ç Ä‚Ć? Ä‚Ćš ƚŚĞ ĆŒÄžÄ?ĞƉĆ&#x;ŽŜ ĂŜĚ Ä‚Ćš DĹ˝Ć?Ä‚Ĺ?Ä? ^ƚĂĚĹ?ƾž ĨŽĆŒ ƚŚĞ ^Ä‚Ć?ĹŹÄ‚ĆšÄ?ĹšÄžÇ Ä‚Ĺś ZŽƾĹ?ĹšĆŒĹ?ÄšÄžĆŒĆ?Í› ϰϹͲώϯ Ç Ĺ?Ĺś Ĺ˝Ç€ÄžĆŒ ƚŚĞ ,Ä‚ĹľĹ?ĹŻĆšŽŜ dĹ?Ĺ?ÄžĆŒͲ Ä‚ĆšĆ? ĆšÇ Ĺ˝ ĚĂLJĆ? ÄžÄ‚ĆŒĹŻĹ?ÄžĆŒÍ˜ dŚĞ Ä?ĞůĞÄ?ĆŒÄ‚Ͳ Ć&#x;ŽŜ ŚĞůƉĞĚ ƚŽ ƉƾžĆ‰ ĹšĹ?Ĺľ ƾƉ ĨŽĆŒ Ä‚ Ç‡ÄžÄ‚ĆŒͲĞŜĚ Ĺ?ĹśĆšÄžĆŒÇ€Ĺ?ÄžÇ Ä‚Ä?ŽƾĆš Ĺ˝Ĺ?ĹŻ Ĺ?ŜĚƾĆ?ĆšĆŒÇ‡ ĹšĹ?Ĺ?ŚůĹ?Ĺ?ŚƚĆ? ŽĨ ĎŽĎŹĎ­ĎŻ ĂŜĚ Ç ĹšÄ‚Ćš žĂLJ ĹŻĹ?Äž ĂŚĞĂĚ Ĺ?Ĺś ĎŽĎŹĎ­Ď°Í˜ WŚŽƚŽ Ć?ĆľÄ?ĹľĹ?ƊĞĚ

Rider win kicks off energy interview „ By Geoff Lee Pipeline News No doubt everyone’s energizing highlight of 2013 in Saskatchewan was the Roughriders’ 45-23 hometown victory over the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in the 101st Grey Cup at Mosaic Stadium. One of the spectators at the game was Energy and Resources Minister Tim McMillan who also got to see the Grey Cup at work when fans and members of the team brought the cup to the Legislative Building during a Green Mile victory parade in Regina. The thrill of it all energized McMillan to replay some energy business highlights of 2013 in the province as well as what may lie ahead in 2014 for the oil and gas industry. The first question though was about the Grey Cup celebration. PN: You were at Mosaic Stadium on Nov. 24 when the Riders won the 101st Grey Cup. Will the celebration help to take the bite out winter? McMillan: I think that has put a warm glow and a smile on people’s faces that will not soon be wiped off. Most certainly it’s going to shorten winter. We attended. We had decent seats and it was warm and everyone was happy. Everyone was very nervous at the start, but by the half everyone had relaxed. The weather was good. It was a great night. PN: What is the energy business highlight of 2013 for you as minister of Energy and Resources? McMillan: I think it’s strength building on strength. Last year, we set a record for the amount of oil produced here in Saskatchewan. This year, we’ve been tracking that – we’ve been producing even more oil than we were last year. I think that speaks to a consistent industry that continues to build in our province. PN: Which sector of the industry lagged expectations in 2013? McMillan: I think something that all parts of our industry were very concerned about this year was on the pipeline side.

There are some very good projects that are in the queue. There are a couple of projects that are in the final stages of approval – Keystone XL being one of them. The differentials that our producers have had to pay – the cost to get Saskatchewan oil to market has been a challenge. If I had to pick something that’s disappointing this year, it’s the slow pace of Keystone XL and some of the challenges around capacity. From my government’s point of view, the premier has been in Washington. We have been working with state legislators across the U.S. along the route the Keystone XL will go. This is a big issue for us, but we are in no way pleased with the slow speed that pipeline has taken. We see some encouraging signs with some of the great projects that are also under way – Energy East, Trans Mountain and Northern Gateway. PN: The fate of the Keystone XL will be decided by U.S. President Barack Obama in 2014. What impact will a favourable decision mean to the pipeline industry? McMillan: A positive response from the president will hopefully be good and signal that these sorts of decisions will be based on science, engineering and safety, not on politics. The frustrating thing about this decision is the length of time we’ve taken to get there. It really seems to be politically driven as opposed to having decisions based on science, engineering and the safety. We have a lot of other projects that I think are very positive and we want those to also be based on the science, engineering and safety. PN: In October, U.S. crude oil production exceeded their domestic imports for the first time in more than 18 years. Do you see this as a rallying cry to fast track tidewater pipelines like Energy East and Keystone XL to access new markets? X Page A9

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„ By Brian Zinchuk Regina – Physics, biology, chemistry, pretty much everyone is familiar with the usual high school science classes. But what about earth science? Starting in 2014, the Saskatchewan Ministry of Education is launching a pilot project, offering a brand new earth science course in two schools. The course will be piloted in about a dozen schools in the 2014/15 school year and available for all schools to offer in the 2015/16 school year. Greg Miller, assistant deputy minister, Ministry of Education, said, “The ministry has paused or stopped our curriculum renewal so we can have some deep conversations with our sector. That said, the rollout of these voluntary science curriculum pilots is continuing. We have heard from industry that they are excited to have these types of programs available to students, and it’s also exciting for the Saskatchewan teachers who took part in developing these materials. We’re looking forward to hearing feedback from both teachers and students before rolling out any new curriculum province-wide.� Fran Haidl, a research geologist with the Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Ministry of the Economy, is co-chair of the Saskatchewan chapter of the Canadian Geoscience Education Network (CGEN), a group that has provided suggestions regarding course content to Dean Elliott, the science consultant with the Curriculum Unit of the Ministry of Education who is leading development of this new course. “The Ministry of Education has developed a new earth sciences course for high school students,� Haidl said on Nov. 28, a day when she was putting the finishing touches on a poster promoting the new class. Dean Elliott and Kate Grapes Yeo of the Saskatchewan Mining Association and co-chair of the Saskatchewan CGEN, are co-authors of this poster. “There will now be an earth sciences 30 class. It’s being piloted in two schools in February.� “It’s been in the works for a while,� Haidl said. Earth science is a broad term, Haidl said, noting she influenced the decision to call it that instead of “geology.� It studies the earth in a broader context. According to the poster abstract Haidl has been working

on, “Earth science 30 will also provide excellent background knowledge for students considering careers in civil, environmental and geotechnical engineering, and other fields related to the Earth. The preliminary draft of earth science 30 provides the following course description: “Students will examine our planet’s geological origins and the geological timescale as a foundation to guide decision making with regard to the use of its mineral and energy resources, the maintenance and remediation of the environment, and response to geological hazards. Hands-on field experiences will enable students to develop visual-spatial reasoning skills and an understanding of the role of geographic information systems (GIS). Students will also explore the historical and contemporary significance of earth science and related careers.� One goal of the course is to get young people interested in careers in resource industries. Haidl said, “We need welders. We need electricians and equipment operators. You can’t develop new mineral resources without these tradespeople, as well as geologists, GIS technicians, office workers, and workers with many other skills. “We want to keep people in our province. There are geologists in Esterhazy and Weyburn. We need to get kids interested, even if they don’t become geologists.� She went on, “A lot of kids and parents don’t recognize how much money they can make and how interesting it can be.� Saskatchewan CGENers and many others have promised to help promote and support the new program. In the future workshops will be used to assist teachers. Many teachers who are interested in teaching Earth Science 30 may not have indepth knowledge of many of topics to be taught in this course so it is imperative that geoscientists and others offer support to teachers by providing resources such as rock and mineral samples, maps, software, etc., and by sharing their Earth Science knowledge with teachers at workshops, and with teachers and their students in the classroom, and perhaps in the office, or in the field or at other workplaces. Since it’s a new course, they will have to work with universities to accept it for credit like other sciences. “It’s not a soft science,� Haidl said. “This course is challenging.� X Page A10

NuVista Energy Ltd. is selling non-core naturalgas assets in northwest and west-central Saskatchewan, as well as Provost heavy-oil assets, for $30.2 million. As the company continues to sharpen its focus on the condensate-rich Wapiti Montney play, on Dec. 11 the company announced it has entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement with a private company. The deal consists of $25.2 million in cash and a $5 million interest-bearing secondarycharge debenture with a three-year term. According to a company news release, NuVista characterizes the majority of assets sold as mature shallowdry gas and high watercut heavy-oil production. Current production from these assets averages about 1,800 boepd, comprised of 6.5 mmcf per day of natural gas and 715 boepd of heavy oil. With the vast majority of NuVista’s capital program going into the Wapiti area and virtually none into the assets being disposed, the company decided to sell those non-strategic assets and apply the proceeds in Wapiti, where management is confident the company can achieve much improved rates of return over time.

Briefs courtesy Nickle’s Daily Oil Bulletin

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PIPELINE NEWS

EDITORIAL

Mission Statement: Pipeline News’ mission is to illuminate importance of Saskatchewan oil as an integral part of the province’s sense of community and to show the general public the strength and character of the industry’s people. Publisher: Brant Kersey - Estevan Ph: 1.306.634.2654 Editorial Contributions: SOUTHEAST Brian Zinchuk - Estevan 1.306.461.5599 SOUTHWEST Swift Current 1.306.461.5599 NORTHWEST Geoff Lee - Lloydminster 1.780.875.5865 Associate Advertising Consultants: SOUTHEAST & NORTHWEST R5 -. 0 (5g8ifl8lij8hlkj Cindy Beaulieu Candace Wheeler Kristen O’Handley Deanna Tarnes Teresa Hrywkiw R5 ,&3& 5g8ifl8jki8hkhk Alison Dunning CENTRAL Al Guthro 1.306.715.5078 al@prairieng.com SOUTHWEST R5 1# .5 /,, (.5g8ifl8mmi8nhlf Stacey Powell MANITOBA R5 #, (575 # (( 5 (-)(5g8hfj8mjn8ioig R5 -. 0 (575 #( 35 /&# /5g8ifl8lij8hlkj CONTRIBUTORS R5 -. 0 (575 #( 5 &-)( R5 -% .))(575 )-"5 " , R5 #, (575 ,& 35 ),'# % To submit a stories or ideas: Pipelines News is always looking for stories or ideas from our readers. To contribute please contact your local contributing reporter. Subscribing to Pipeline News: Pipeline News is a free distribution newspaper, and is now available online at www.pipelinenews.ca Advertising in Pipeline News: Advertising in Pipeline News is a newer model created to make it as easy as possible for any business or individual. Pipeline News has a group of experienced staff working throughout Saskatchewan and parts of Manitoba, so please contact the sales representative for your area to assist you with your advertising needs. Special thanks to JuneWarren-Nickle’s Energy Group for their contributions and assistance with Pipeline News.

Published monthly by the Prairie Newspaper Group, a divi-#)(5) 5 & # ,5 (./, -5 (. ,( .#)( &5 ),*), .#)(65 (., &5 Office, Estevan, Saskatchewan. Advertising rates are available upon request and are subject to change without notice. Conditions of editorial and advertising content: Pipeline News attempts to be accurate, however, no guarantee is given or implied. Pipeline News reserves the right to revise or reject any or all editorial and advertising content as the newspapers’ principles see fit. Pipeline News will not be responsible for more than one incorrect insertion of an advertisement, and is not responsible for errors in advertisements except for the space occupied by such errors. Pipeline News will not be responsible for manuscripts, photographs, negatives and other material that may be submitted for possible publication. All of Pipeline News content is protected by Canadian Copyright laws. Reviews and similar mention of material in this newspaper is granted on the provision that Pipeline News receives credit. Otherwise, any reproduction without permission of the publisher is prohibited. Advertisers purchase space and circulation only. Rights to the advertisement produced by Pipeline News, including artwork, typography, and photos, etc., remain property of this newspaper. Advertisements or parts thereof may be not reproduced or assigned without the consent of the publisher. The Glacier group of companies collects personal information from our customers in the normal course of business transactions. We use that information to provide you with our products and services you request. On occasion we may contact you for purposes of research, surveys and other such matters. To provide you with better service we may share your information with our sister companies and also outside, selected third parties who perform work for us as suppliers, agents, service providers and information gatherers.

Geology sees innovation in a science that measures time by millions of years When things move slowly, people might call it a glacial pace. If you want to move extremely slow, instead of glacial time, you could refer to geologic time, as in of millions of years. That’s the time frame it takes to form oil and have it collect in traps. Where geology is concerned, not a lot changes. At least, that’s how it might seem. Yet in the nearly five years since we focused an edition on geology in Saskatchewan, there have been some substantial new innovations and explorations. The Saskatchewan Subsurface Geological Laboratory gained a large three-dimensional projection room to show off their new 3D model of our potash body. Oil is next on the agenda. They expanded the warehouse greatly in 2012 to accommodate all the new exploration in potash and oil. Paper well records are now packed away in boxes in the warehouse since those logs have been digitized. In 1972, a geologist named H. B. Sawatzky wrote a paper called Viewfield - a Producing Crater? It turns out that 190 million years ago, give or take 20 million years, back when continental drift was just getting going, a meteor slammed into a place we ()15%()15 -5 # 1ŀ & 65." 5 (., 5) 5 -% . " 1 (]-5 most prolific Bakken play. Coincidence? Inquiring minds have spent well over $5 million between at least two companies (and we hear, possibly a third) drilling exploratory wells in the crater in the past few years to find out. In 2012, PetroBakken (now Lightstream Resources) drilled two wells, one a multi-

lateral, into the crater rim. A small, locally owned and very private junior operator went so far as to core the very centre of the crater. Unfortunately, all three wells didn’t produce much oil. Hopefully they gained a lot of knowledge, however. 3D seismic is now commonplace, and its importance cannot be understated. According to a discussion with Edge Resources CEO Brad Nichol, the company intended on drilling at least three more wells in its Eye Hill east property in Saskatchewan in December in locations based on seismic data. They originally drilled 5 #- )0 ,351 &&5-")1(5#(5."#-5*").)5 .5 3 5 #&&5#(5 /&35 2012 based on 2D seismic. The initial vertical heavy oil well tapped into a discovered McLaren pool. The company then shot 3D seismic on three and a half sections of land at Eye Hill east in the fall of 2012 and discovered additional pools. They drilled a test producing well in the area that produced at an average of 128 barrels per day in the previous quarter of 2013. That well continues to exceed Edge’s expectations. With the resource economy being the leading contributors to our economy it makes sense then that this February that the Ministry of Education, with some help from the Ministry of the Economy, is piloting a new earth sciences 30 course which will focus primarily on geology. In a few years, the course is intended to be offered throughout the province. Geology may study the deposition of kilometres of strata over millions of years, but the way that study is being done is moving a little quicker these days.

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Pipeline void challenges industry in 2014 Western Canadian oil producers could expect some economic turbulence in 2014 with the continued lack of pipeline access to new markets. In his annual fiscal update in November, Federal Finance Minister Jim Flaherty said the industry’s inability to ship crude to the West Coast, East Coast and U.S. Gulf Coast, lowers the price of Canadian crude relative to other North American supplies. He said the price differential robs the economy of approximately $7.6 billion per quarter in oil export revenue. TransCanada Corporation, Enbridge Inc. and Kinder Morgan have proposed pipelines to reach tide water ports but none of these projects has been approved for construction yet. The lack of access to key markets in Europe and Asia may hurt the industry in 2014 thanks to a combination of rising production and falling demand for oil in the U.S. U.S. oil production averaged 7.7 million barrels per day in October, marking the first time in more than 18 years that domestic crude oil production exceeded oil imports. The U.S. Energy Information Administration forecasts U.S. crude oil production will average 7.5 million bpd in 2013 and 8.5 million bpd in 2014. International Energy Agency expects the U.S. will become the largest oil producer within two years.

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One Woman’s Perspective on Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Land Locations By Nadine Elson I hadn’t seen Greg Henders in decades, yet this was our second meeting in less than two years. The first meeting had been at T. Bird Oil’s annual golf tournament in the fall of 2012 at Woodlawn Golf Course. At that meeting, I had been surprised to see him even though he was a successful oilman, because he now lived in Alberta. But then I remembered that Greg was part of the family, the T. Bird Oil family. He had married Ron and Dorothy Wanner’s daughter, Debbie, many years earlier. Now we were seeing each other again in a hospital room in Estevan. Greg and I had attended high school together. But we shared more than that. His father, Dick Henders, a long-time resident of Estevan who now lay in the hospital bed, had been responsible for bringing me into the world. Dick Henders was not a doctor. He was a pharmacist and he and his brother had opened Henders Drugs in the late 1950’s. He and his wife and my parents were friends and neighbors in an apartment building on the 900 block of 4th Street in Estevan known as the Sands Block, which is still there. As a friend and neighbor, he had taken my mother to the

U.S. oil output is expected to peak at 11.6 million bpd in 2020 followed by a slow decline after 2025. The IEA anticipates the U.S. could be energy self sufficient by 2035 when U.S. oil imports could fall to just 3.1 million bpd. This presents a challenge to the Canadian industry as the U.S. demand for our imported oil is already rapidly declining. At the same time, Canada’s total production is expected to grow from 3.8 million bpd to 5.3 million by 2025 and 6.1 million bpd in 2035. The need for tide water pipelines will increase from competing countries such as Brazil that is expected to boost its production from 2.2 million bpd to 5.4 million by 2025. Canada’s energy companies need to see approval of some or all of the proposed tide water pipeline projects in the next two years to allow crude oil exports to high demand markets in the Asia-Pacific and India regions. Consumption is declining in North America, Europe and Japan. In the short term, producers are relying heavily on rail to ship oil to specific markets to limit the impact of price differentials. Crude oil shipments by rail have grown from 500 carloads in 2009 to more than 140,000 carloads in 2013. With an estimated average of 600 barrels per

carload, that amounts to about 230,000 barrels per day. Rail is particularly cost effective for moving heavy oil without the 30 per cent added cost of diluent required to dilute heavy oil products shipped by pipeline. Rail loading capacity in Alberta is expected to double to 800,000 barrels per day by the end of 2015. That’s nearly as much TransCanada’s proposed Keystone XL pipeline will carry to refineries in Texas. Rail safety however; has come into question over several high profile accidents this year including a runway train carrying crude oil that exploded in the town of Lac Megantic, Que., in July, killing 47 people. Most producers see rail as a stop gap solution until more pipelines are built to tide water ports to meet the long term global demand. The IEA estimates the world market will require an additional 10 million bpd by 2025 with some of the supply to be provided by Canada’s oilsands. The agency projects oilsands production to reach 3.3 million bpd in 2025 while the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers estimates output at 4.5 million bpd. The writing is clearly on the wall. It’s pipelines or bust for the industry in 2014 and beyond.

Home is where your story begins hospital all those years ago on a cold December night so I could be born. My father, was not home at the time, but was out selling “Lion’s nutsâ€? door to door, a fundraiser for the local Lion’s club. I was told that story many times in the years intervening. It made a great story and lost nothing in the retelling. “All good stories deserve embellishment!â€? declared the character Gandalf in The Hobbit. I am sure Dick never saw that movie, nor read the book, but it embodies his storytelling as an art form. As young couples with young families, the Henders and my family, the Hills, spent a lot of time together. Our families often got together for suppers celebrating the big holidays like Easter and Thanksgiving, and at other times, for no particular reason other than the joy of friendship. Some people have a natural born talent for storytelling and Dick and my father both have that gift. Their talent for timing and pacing were perfected during the years our families grew up together, in an after-dinner ritual that may have started out as bedtime stories for the children but quickly evolved into what was soon called Bad Time Stories. I don’t remember the stories but I do remember the laughter. And what laughter there was! Dick tells me now that the stories were told on a level that the children wouldn’t have understood but that he and my father thought hilarious. I am not sure how successful the men were at putting the children to bed as I recall being more energized by the Bad Time Story hour than being made sleepy, however in an age without dishwashers, the Bad Time Stories allowed our moms to deal with the food and dishes without seven kids underfoot. Years later, thanks to that early experience, I enjoyed listening to the Vinyl CafĂŠ on the CBC, and

introduced my own children to the storytelling in the Adventures of Odyssey audio series. “Happy Birthday,� Dick said to me now. He had suffered a muscle wasting condition for many years. Two months earlier, he had a serious fall which tore ligaments in his leg, which was the reason for his hospital stay. I smiled and handed him a copy of Pipeline News. “Oh I already read that,� he said, and I wasn’t surprised. His son, Greg, and daughter, Joanne, both have oilfield ties with their businesses. We spent the next hour telling stories, reminiscing about life, and then it was time to go. “See you soon,� I said to the man who had given the toast to the bride at my wedding many years earlier. “Your father is my oldest friend,� Dick told me. The mention of my Mom, who passed away 18 months ago, made him tear up briefly. On my way home, I stopped in at Wal-Mart. At the Santa tree, one of the workers confided she always reads my “stories� in the Pipeline. I smiled and thanked her, thinking again of the master storytellers in my life. The patch is brimming with stories and they are not all Bad Time Stories. There are stories of hard work, of rewards, of friendships, and of fun times. Happy New Year! I wish for you a year of great stories. I have a plaque at my front door that simply states- “Home Is Where Your Story Begins.� That’s not a Bad Time Story either! Nadine lives in Estevan with her husband and family, and shifted gears a few years ago, becoming a hot shot driver for the oil patch. Her people skills are put to good use in the patch as she delivers the goods quickly and efficiently. Contact her at shifting.gears.hotshot@gmail. com with comments or questions.

PIPELINE NEWS INVITES OPPOSING VIEW POINTS. EDITORIALS AND LETTERS TO THE EDITOR ARE WELCOME. Email to: brian.zinchuk@sasktel.net

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The green and white are staying put when football ends In 2013, I had the honour of interviewing six former Saskatchewan Roughriders, all of whom have chosen to make Saskatchewan their home once their football career is over. It’s remarkable how similar their stories are. None of them wanted to go home, which, for most of them, was back to the United States. They are here because there are jobs here, good ones, secure ones. There’s that, and they don’t have to worry about the safety of their loved ones. While at the Saskatchewan Oil and Gas Show in Weyburn in June, I ran into to Belton Johnson, who noted there were seven former Riders around on the second day of the show. The former right tackle was visiting with Mike Abou-Mechrek, a former right guard at the Site Energy booth when Michael Palmer, a former running back, came up to say hello. Wes Cates could be found in the Vertex Energy booth, and Don Narcisse wasn’t far away either. Narcisse was the only one listed I didn’t have a chance to talk to. I had lunch with Cates not long before the oil show. In late November I spoke to Brent Hawkins and Joe Lobendahn, two of six former or current players who have joined A&B Pipeliners. All but one work out of the Regina office. The manager there told me he was getting calls before the players cleaned out their lockers, having just won the Grey Cup. He had 19 numbers on his phone from football players seeking work. They were coming into his office four at a time. Something Lobendahn and Hawkins said

really struck me. Lobendahn, from Hawaii, said, “Especially in the oil business, Saskatchewan now is like Alberta was 10 to 15 years ago. It can only get better. Why would I go back home?� Illinois product Hawkins added, “... where the government is struggling? Saskatchewan is a good place to raise your kids. You don’t have a school shot up every week. The family values is what attracted me to stay.� In the three weeks since I spoke to them, one American school shooting and a hospital shooting have occurred. It’s so frequent, it’s hard to keep track. As I type this, the lead story on CNN.com has the headline “#PrayforClaire.� Clair Davis, 17, “was a random victim – in the wrong place at the wrong time when a gunman opened fire at her Colorado school. Her friends and family are asking for prayers,� according to police, as reported by CNN. The shooting occurred on Dec. 15. When I asked Johnson, who works with SGI, what kept him here, he said, “Oh, man, Mississippi is probably the poorest state in union. (There are) no jobs. In Saskatchewan, I’m chairman of the Rider alumni perks program. I deal with about 32 different things any day. “It’s better for me, trust me. To do this in Saskatchewan is better for me.� “It’s just good to be here. My family is here, my wife is born and raised in Regina. Saskatchewan is a family. Everybody loves everybody. It’s hospitality left and right. On sight, people are like, come over! Have something to eat! Everybody’s

friendly.� Abou-Mechrek grew up in Toronto. He said, “There are seven of us here today, and not one of us probably even knew where Saskatchewan was, except maybe me, because I’m from Canada. Now we’re settling down, getting married, raising our children. Football or no football, it’s a great place to live, a great place to be. People are so welcoming. What a tough job it is! Someone’s got to be the Rider alumni representatives in the community. It’s just unfortunate it’s such a sunny day, the drinks are so cold and the barbecue’s going. “You know what? If I was in Toronto, I wouldn’t know my six- and three-year-olds as well as I do now. I know that for sure. All the economics of how good Saskatchewan is, all that aside, I believe I could grow a business wherever. It’s not about having money, it’s about planning. The biggest thing for me is my time. I could work five to 10 p.m. in Toronto, or I could work until I pick my daughter up from the school bus. I chose the latter. I chose to hang out with Belton and Luke on the weekends.� Several of these players have Grey Cup rings, including many of the people who recently applied at A&B or work there already. For them, when the football career ends, they want to be somewhere prosperous, and safe. The Riders have voted with their feet, and when the last whistle blows, they’re staying put. Brian Zinchuk is editor of Pipeline News. He can be reached at brian.zinchuk@sasktel.net.

NEB green lights Northern Gateway pipeline Calgary – The National Energy Board (NEB) joint review panel has recommended the federal government approve the proposed Northern Gateway pipe from northern Alberta to the West Coast – with costly conditions attached. The panel has set out 209 conditions that Enbridge Inc. must meet in order to build the $6.5 billion pipeline. The conditions include a requirement for Enbridge to purchase nearly $1 billion in liability coverage in the event of a catastrophic oil spill. That amount includes the need for Enbridge to have quick access to $100 million in cash to cover immediate cleanup costs.

The panel also requires Enbridge to conduct rigorous pipeline inspections every two years and have specially equipped tugboats to escort tankers out of the port. The decision to conditionally recommend approval of the project came with the release of the three panel’s environmental report in Calgary on Dec. 19. The 1,177 kilometre pipeline would transport up to 525,000 barrels of oil per day from the Edmonton area to the port of Kitimat, B.C. A second, smaller pipeline would carry 193,000 barrels of condensate per day east to Alberta. Condensate is used to dilute oil for pipeline transport.

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The three person panel wrapped up 18 months of public hearings in June 2013. Their report has been forwarded to Natural Resources Minister Joe Oliver who will table it in cabinet. “Now that we have received the report, we will thoroughly review it, consult with affected Aboriginal groups and then make our decision,� said Oliver in a statement. “We also encourage everyone with an interest to take the time and review the report.� The Harper government will have until July 2014 to decide whether to accept or reject NEB’s recommendation to go ahead with the project.

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'UDPDWLF UDPS XS RI UDLO W Page A4 McMillan: Absolutely. We’ve seen a dramatic ramp up in oil by rail and I think that’s part of the solution, but long-term we need more pipe in the ground. Last year, we set a record for oil production in Saskatchewan. This year we are tracking ahead of it. I think the same is true in Alberta and North Dakota. We expect this is a long-term strong industry that needs long-term transportation assets. Decisions made today will likely have an effect for decades to come. PN: Land sales have declined in the past couple of years. Do you see that trend reversing in 2014? McMillan: With land sales dropping off, I think there are two drivers off that. One is the industry that was very focused on acquiring land five or six years ago has really transitioned into putting wells in the ground and producing oil. We’re seeing that on the oil production side. Also, I think a lot of that land got tied up five years ago and we are now at the point where some of that land hasn’t had the drilling requirements take place. There will be a substantial amount of that land that will revert back and potentially be up for sale again. We think that will have an effect in the coming year. PN: If the Bank of Canada raises interest rates in 2014, what effect might that have on the supply of attainable housing for oil and gas workers? McMillan: I think if they raise interest rates, it will be based on controlling inflation and all the things that they worry about. It will certainly have an effect on the housing market. In Saskatchewan. we have seen the energy industry really driving wages in the province.

Saskatchewan now has, I think, the third highest weekly earnings in the country – the highest sector being oil and gas. With the increased population we are seeing a response from the housing industry on housing construction. We have had more housing starts in the last five years than we had in decades previous. Last year alone we built more rental housing units than we did in the 16 preceding years combined. Certainly interest rates have an effect, but I think the strength of the wages in the oil and gas sector have certainly kept pace with the cost of living in Saskatchewan. PN: How do you think a new federal directive requiring rail companies to provide municipalities with detailed dangerous goods information will improve rail safety? (Last summer, a derailment of 72 rail cars loaded with crude oil exploded in Lac MÊgantic, Quebec killing 47 people.) McMillan: I think the issues around the disaster at Lac MÊgantic – there are a lot of lessons to be learned. There is likely to be an increased focus and responsibilities for those that are transporting oil by rail. I don’t think that there is just one solution or one regulation that’s going to improve the safety, but I think this is a high priority for all parties involved to ensure that we get the safest transportation method possible. PN: Do you a see a bigger role ahead for Saskatchewan’s rural municipalities as the oil and gas industry expands in the province? McMillan: Yes, I think our rural municipalities are getting more and more engaged all the time as the oil industry continues to grow. At some point, it is a challenge for those mu-

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nicipalities to keep up with infrastructure growth and at the same time it’s a real economic asset in those communities as well. Coming from a rural community that has large oil and gas presence myself, I think it’s something that needs to be handled in a very responsible manner and I think should be viewed as a positive overall. PN: The 2013-14 provincial budget included a $500,000 increase for regulatory oversight. What new regulations or revisions can the industry expect to see in 2014? McMillan: With the growth in the industry, we want to ensure that everyone’s following the rules; that all the safety procedures for those in the industry and for those who live in the community where the industry operates are in place. X Page A10

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:KDW ZLOO HDUWK VFLHQFHV FRYHU" W Page A5 The outcomes expected from this course are under development and will be refined during the piloting process. The current draft outlines 12 outcomes organized under six themes. • Geologic timescale • Analyze geologic dating techniques and how they provide evidence of the geologic history of an area. • Analyze evolution and geologic history. • Examine the evidence for and hypotheses answered by plate tectonic theory. • Earth as a planet • Analyze surface geography as a product of depositional and erosional processes and discuss implications for human settlement and development • Analyze how the formation of the three main rock families are foundational to the economic mineral deposits of Saskatchewan. • Rationalize how the interaction of Earth systems (atmosphere, hydro-

sphere, lithosphere, biosphere) directs how life flourishes and evolves. • Earth’s economic resources • Identify the economic resources of Saskatchewan to recognize the impact these resources have on the province. • Analyze the environmental, social, and economic impacts of acquiring mineral resources locally, provincially, and globally. • Tools and techniques of earth science • Investigate the use of remote sensing tools to collect evidence relevant to understanding Earth’s structure. • Develop advanced visual-spatial reasoning skills. • Career exploration • Analyze and explore earth-science related career paths in Saskatchewan, Canada and the world. • Student-directed study • Create a product that demonstrates a deeper understanding of a topic covered in earth science 30. Courtesy the Ministry of Education

6XUIDFH ULJKWV DQG PLQHUDO ULJKWV W Page A9 Having the resources on the regulatory side is what that additional $500,000 is for. That’s to ensure regulations around associate gases are being followed in areas where we see sour gas being more prevalent and put a level of scrutiny and oversight that is warranted on those types of concerns. PN: What kind of feedback are you getting from the public review of the Surface Rights Acquisition and Compensation Act? McMillan: I would say very good. I have attended a couple of public forums myself. We have had officials that have been presenting it at many more. We are getting written submissions in from stakeholders.

For the more part, individuals are recognizing the importance of both surface rights holders and mineral rights holders and that each party needs to be able to defend the rights that they have. The more efficient the system is the better off everyone is. PN: What changes do you foresee to the act in 2014? McMillan: It hasn’t really been updated since the 1960s. My feeling is there are a few areas that certainly need to be modernized, but through this review process we are hearing from mineral rights stakeholders and surface rights stakeholders in areas where they think improvements can be made. I want to prejudge anything, but I expect we will be moving forward with the review and that will lead to a review of the act.

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$ IXQJXV FRXOG WXUQ RLOVDQGV JUHHQ „ By Geoff Lee Saskatoon â€“ University of Saskatchewan biologists have discovered a fungus that could turn barren tailings in the Athabasca oilsands into a lush landscape of grasses and clover. TSTh-20-1 is the code name for a unique strain of Trichoderma harzianum fungus that researchers isolated from the roots of weeds that grew as a pioneer on coarse oilsand tailings. Few plants grow there since the extraction process of bitumen from oilsands uses heat and chemicals that rob the coarse tailings of almost all of their nutrients. “Coarse tailings have no plant minerals. They are essentially nutrient-free,â€? explained Susan Kaminskyj, a biology professor who heads the research team. “There is no nitrogen or phosphorus to tap in – no potassium, no organic carbon. The extraction of the hydrocarbons removes all the nutrients. It is remarkably close to 100 per cent nutrient-free.â€? “The part the extraction process doesn’t get is some hydrocarbon that makes the coarse tailings sands hydrophobic, so they don’t absorb water. “The little bit of hydrocarbon left is also toxic to plant growth.â€? The TSTh20-1, first isolated by graduate student Xiaohu Bao, is the only strain of Trichoderma harzianum (so far) that allows plants to grow on coarse oilsands tailings. “This is analogous to people having invisible talents such as playing the piano,â€? said Kaminskyj who cannot yet fully explain how the fungi support life in low nutrient coarse tailings. Her team has several hypotheses. “Isn’t that the $64,000 question?â€? she asks. “The important thing is that if you colonize a plant seed with this fungus or a young seedling and plant it on tailings sand, it will grow watered with rain water and no added fertilizer. “We have a cost effective, efficient way of growing grasses and other things on tailings sand to allow them to recover a soil community before we try to turn it into forest.â€? The U of S research team can grow and harvest TSTh20-1 spores in the lab and use them to coat and colonize seeds of other plants before planting them. The university is patenting the use of TSTh20-1 for enhancing plant

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growth on dry and low nutrient soil. Research by graduate student Tim Repas is extending this. TSTh20-1 is able to confer its tolerance for delicate plants to grow on coarse oilsands tailings, without adding fertilizer. “What we do is take the spores from the fungus and wash them onto seeds, then plant the seed,â€? said Kaminskyj in referent to how to colonize grasses, grains and even vegetables.  â€œIt can be any seed. We typically used tomatoes, not because we want to eat tomatoes that are grown on oilsands tailings, but because they grow well in a plant growth room and they need lots of water and mineral nutrients. X Page A12

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%ULQJLQJ OLIH WR EDUUHQ WDLOLQJV W Page A11 “We didn’t give them any fertilizer and we grew beautiful tomatoes.â€? Controlled experiments with the TSTh20-1 fungus improved seed germination in oilsands tailings and gave good early seedling growth. “So clearly, it is allowing the plant somehow, in ways we don’t entirely understand, to maximize its use of whatever is available in that sand. It does increase root growth,â€? said Kaminskyj. “It increases water use efficiency for the plant. The plant makes the best possible use of all the water that comes its way. We are actively researching this. The good thing is we can use it before we

understand all the details.� Researchers at Washington State University have found other fungal strains with the potential to revitalize wetlands, hot soils and salty soils. The U of S research began in 2005 and is funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The findings will be published early in 2014. Kaminskyj hopes to attract interest from oilsands companies to run field trials. This is a practical option to high cost engineering solutions for site remediation. “Companies put a layer of plant material and uncontaminated soil on top about a metre thick. Then they put on ordinary grass seed and fertilizer

First Truck Centre Lloydminster wishes everyone the very best in the New Year!

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over and over and over,� she said. “What we would do is just add essentially our treated seeds and go away. “So rather than millions of dollars per square kilometre, we are talking about thousands of dollars per square kilometre – small thousands. “I am confident that if we can get someone to listen and share our data, they will say ‘perhaps we can give you a couple of hectares where you can run some field trials,’� said Kaminskyj. “That’s what I’d really like – to take it out of the growth room and into real life situations to test our strains and see if they work.� Seed companies are also interested in marketing TSTh20-1, but they too require field data to commercialize it. “Field data has to be oilsands tailings, so it all comes back to having a partnership with an oilsands company or with a consortium of oilsands companies,� said Kaminskyj. “Somehow though they haven’t been receptive.� Kaminskyj is hopeful that will change given there are about 740 square kilometers of coarse oilsands tailings that need to be reclaimed to a natural stage. According to Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development, approximately 10 per cent of the active mining footprint has been or is being reclaimed by industry in the province since 1960. It took until 2008, however, for Syncrude to receive the first reclamation certification in the Canadian oilsands industry for a 104-hectare area known as Gateway Hill. “I would like to be able to help them do more of it. There is also an equal area of fine tailings in tailing ponds,� said Kaminskyj. Suncor is using its patented TRO technology process to convert fluid fine tailings more rapidly into a solid landscape suitable for reclamation. “It turns out we also have fungi that grow well in oilsands process water,� added Kamiskyj “What we are trying to do is reduce the size of the footprint. Even if all you ever grow is a meadow that has grasses and clovers and other things, we are ahead. “They will also stabilize the soil and return organic matter to the soil.�

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0LQG \RXU PRQH\ LQ D Ă DW PDUNHW „ By Brian Zinchuk Estevan – David Yager, MNP’s national leader of oilfield sales, gave a barnburner of a presentation on the state of the oilfield industry on March 5 last year, and on Dec. 10, he picked up where he left off, with a presentation to approximately 30 invited guests in Estevan. “Last year was a flat year. It’s one of those things where you hate to be right,â€? he said. As in March he noted, “The oilfield services business has changed more in the last five years than in the last 50.â€?

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Among the changes has been a substantial drop in natural gas production. Conventional crude oil production is coming up thanks to the Bakken and southwest Manitoba. The oilsands is the gamechanger, however. The oil and gas industry is the largest private sector business in Canada, larger than the automotive sector or mining, he noted. Among recent major changes, sour gas is dead, he said. “It costs $1.40 to process, $1.40 to ship, and gets $3. In 2005, the year of Hurricane Katrina, gas brought in $52 billion. Over 2012, it was $12 billion. X Page A14

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:H KDYH WR NHHS WKH WUDLQV RQ WKH UDLOV W Page A13 During the eightyear period of spiking natural gas prices he said $300 billion in revenue came and went. “As a service business, we made a whole bunch of decisions, only to have it disappear,� he said. “The good news is all that money has been replaced, except it’s in the oilsands. The problem is the business is different. The only thing

you have in Medicine Hat they need in Fort McMurray is your butt and your pickup truck.� Shallow gas rigs need not apply. Other broad shifts have seen a reduction in seismic work, as it is largely a known thing now. Artificial lift is commonplace because few new wells have native energy. Packer sales have been big winners. Single well batteries are seeing a lot of usage as well.

“They’re trucking everything. What should I be when I grow up? Heavy duty mechanic, son,� Yager said. Other growth areas are huge camps, frac fluid hauling, horizontal drilling, condensate pipelines and crude-byrail terminals. Outlook For 2014, he said “Prices are flat. Capital is restrained.� Junior and exploration and production

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companies are declining and disappearing. Referring to the breakup of Encana into oil-weighted Cenovus and gas-weight Encana, he said, “Cenovus got the mine, Encana got the shaft.â€? “There will be no new pipelines any time soon,â€? Yager forecast. Enbridge’s Northern Gateway is a maybe. Its Line 9 reversal looks like it will go. As for TransCanada’s Energy East, he said it has to go through five provinces to get there. Until 2015, all we’ve got is rail, Yager said. “If they don’t keep these cars on the tracks ‌ “The trouble with rail, and the beauty of rail, is that the rail lines go right through downtowns. The CPR mainline goes right through downtown Calgary. “After the Lac Megantic disaster, people are asking, “What is in that train? “We’re going to have some problems here. There’s a lot of questions being raised about tanker cars. “If there’s another disaster on the scale of Lac Megantic, it’s going to clobber how we move our oil.â€? Getting back to the

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overall industry, he said, “Flat activity means declining margins. My message is: be cautious.� Forward selling oil two years is currently listed at 10 per cent less than current prices. Global factors are at play. “The world without chaos is quite wellsupplied with oil.� Libya and Iran coming back into the marketplace are having an impact. “What keeps the price up is little bits of misery all around the world. Without international supply risk, the general bias on oil prices unfortunately is down,� he said. Smaller rigs are seeing a lot less use. “Entire asset classes are being rendered obsolete,� he said. The demand is for bigger rigs. Regarding opportunities to ship liquefied natural gas from the West Coast, Yager warned, “If we

do the classic Canadian ‘let’s study this a while longer’ the window will snap shut.� In adapting to the new realities of a flat market, perhaps it’s not surprising the representative of an accounting firm told the audience to mind their books. “What was your margin on the last job?� he asked. Cash management is important, as are quality financial statements. “Do not cut prices. You will not get them back,� he said, but added, “I know you’ve got to eat.� One saving can be found in doing jobs right the first time, instead of having to correct mistakes. On bonus is in labour. “You should find a more stable workforce,� Yager said. Concluding, he said, “You run your business differently in a flat market.�

(QYLUR 9DXOW JURXS VROG UHQDPHG Calgary – The Enviro Vault group of companies that invented the Enviro Vault recessed oil tank chamber has been acquired by Sundance Holdings Corporation in early December. Ian McKinnon, the principal of Sundance Holdings, will be joining Enviro Vault as the new president and CEO of a consolidated company called EnviroVault Corporation. The group of companies currently specializes in above ground storage tank solutions, tank safety, and environmental stewardship. Their iconic Enviro Vault is the patented concept of installing an internal chamber inside the tank to house valves, heaters, level controls, and spill containment. Enviro Vaults can be fitted in any size or shape of new tank or in-service tank for heavy oil, production tanks, produced water, rental tanks, instrumentation packages, separator packages and any other application where a tank is required. Former president and company founder Russ Hebblethwaite has taken a material interest in EnviroVault Corporation and will continue to act as a director and special advisor to McKinnon. â€œIan McKinnon’s established experience and leadership in all his previous ventures within the industry provides a tremendous resource to the company, one that will further EnviroVault’s growing success,â€? said Hebblethwaite in a December news release. “I look forward to working collaboratively with Ian on future projects providing my expertise when needed.â€?

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Husky to spend $2.5 billion in the west „ By Geoff Lee Calgary – Husky Energy Inc. plans to spend $2.5 billion in 2014 to increase heavy oil production, particularly thermal in the Lloydminster area, and from oil and liquids-rich gas plays in Western Canada. The allocation for Western Canada is part of Husky’s $4.8 billion corporate capital budget for 2014 that was released to investors and media on Dec. 11. The spending plan was presented in the context of how well the company has met their strategy for growth across the business in North America and Asia since 2010. “We are now three years into our strategy. I think that is an appropriate time to take stock and hold up a mirror to our performance,� said CEO Asim Ghosh during a conference call. Total production in 2014 is expected to be in the range of 330,000 to 350,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day, up from an estimated production of 312,000 in 2013. The company is on target to meet its five-year compound annual production target growth of five to eight per cent through 2017. In 2010, Husky was facing declining production in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin, declines in heavy oil, and declines from its White Rose project in Atlantic Canada. “Three years ago we laid out a balanced growth strategy,� Ghosh said in a statement. “The strategy was built on transforming and rejuvenating our foundation in heavy oil and Western Canada, supported by our downstream assets. “This platform provided a solid foundation

on which to create our three growth pillars in the Asia Pacific region, the oilsands, and the Atlantic region. The first gas from the Liwan project near China is expected early in 2014 and first oil from the Sunrise Energy project in the Athabasca oilsands is due in late 2104. First oil is also expected in late 2014 from the South White Rose extension in Atlantic Canada. “Our track cycle of consistent execution over the past three years has been realized across all business segments,� Asim told the media. Husky plans to drill about 860 wells in 2014 across all its business, with 51 per cent of the wells expected to be horizontal, up from 46 per cent in 2013. “Horizontal wells are playing a much larger role in both our heavy oil and Western Canada businesses, particularly in our thermal operations and resource plays,� said chief operations officer Rob Peabody. Husky plans to drill 550 wells in 2014 across their heavy oil portfolio. “Of these, 125 of these wells will be supporting thermal production and 140 will be horizontal cold heavy oil wells which we use to produce heavy oil from thinner reservoirs. “The latter production is showing results. Cold horizontal production in 2014 is expected to exceed 10,000 barrels per day,� said Peabody. Thermal heavy oil production has emerged as the biggest driver behind Husky’s expected steady growth in heavy oil production in 2014 and beyond. “The heavy oil business has undergone perhaps the biggest revival as we shifted our focus

to thermal production,� added Ghosh, who noted two thermal projects have been completed since 2010. Steaming is underway at the 3,500 barrel per day Sandall project, with first oil expected in the first few months of 2014. Husky is continuing to build its 10,000 bpd commercial thermal project at Rush Lake with commissioning expected in 2015. “Year to date, operating costs from all our heavy oil thermal projects now on production were a little under $10 a barrel,� said Peabody. “Combined with low F&D (find and development) costs in the $10 to $15 barrel range, and a premium product price about $10 a barrel more than what you’d get for a typical Fort McMurray bitumen barrel – and you can see why these projects generate very strong returns.� Production from thermal was 37,000 bpd in 2013. “That’s up 40 per cent from last year. We are on track to grow this production by another 50 per cent to 55,000 bpd by 2017,� said Peabody. In 2010, thermal production was just 18,000 bpd. At the 60,000 bpd Sunrise Energy project, Husky expects to start 2014 with all eight well pads commissioned, with first oil production due in late 2014. The project is about 85 per cent complete. “We are also wrapping up work on the gathering lines that will carry steam, emulsion and produced gas between the well pads and the central processing facility,� said Peabody. Husky has filed an amendment application for Phase 2 which will bring production capacity to 200,000 bpd.

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*RRG 7R *R 5HQWDOV JRRG WR JURZ Kindersley – Good To Go Rentals Ltd. in Kindersley, along with its Good To Go Trucking service that delivers commercial and oilfield rentals, will be on a major growth and expansion tear in 2014. The first growth spurt will come from an expected strong first quarter for rental equipment for drilling and completion work in the local Viking light oil play. “There’s lot going on. Things are picking up around here too. Trucks are busy. Most of our rentals are out. Lots of oil companies are planning a big first quarter,� Rob Cote, sales manager, said in early December.

Sustained year round growth will result from operating Good To Go Rentals as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Great Prairie Energy Services Inc. Great Prairie is a new publicly traded company formerly called DevCorp. Great Prairie purchased and amalgamated Good To Go Rentals and Good To Go Trucking last summer with an eye to rapid growth that is underway. “We’re purchasing more 1,000 barrel tanks, more light towers, and probably more rig mats. We just bought a whole company of blow back tanks,� said Chad Dorsett, operations manager. “We are always buying new equipment, and now with this new Great Prairie Energy company,

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they will be looking at buying some other rental companies and incorporate them into ours. “They are looking for opportunities to add to Great Prairie Energy, so we will be doing a lot of growing in 2014.� Good To Go Rentals expects to open new outlets in the future to serve the Swift CurrentShaunavon, Estevan-Weyburn, Kindersley-Kerrobert and Lloydminster areas. The fact there is little or no rental equipment parked at their main Kindersley yard and office these days proves there is a strong demand for their equipment in the busy Viking play. “Right now, there’s a lot of fracking going on, so we rent a lot of frac packages which is a complete package for storing water for fracs and everything else that goes with it,� said Cote. “We kind of innovated the 1,000 barrel insulated tank that they are fracking with. We’ve got lots of those out and there’s more coming.� A frac package for completions can also include 400 barrel tanks, blow back tanks, manifolds, light towers, generators, rig matting and environment bins. For drilling, Good To Go rents everything from trash pumps, flare tanks and floc tanks to Flygt pumps, pipe racks and loaders and heavy equipment rentals. X Page A17

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707,305, 5,>: 1HU\HY` W Page A16 Their fleet of trucks and haulers ranges from bed trucks, winch tractors and pickers to trailers, tank cradles for oilfield or highway hauling, along with hot shot services. Their transportation forte is drilling and production hauling for short and long term rental equipment leases in the Kindersley area. “We have three or four customers that are year round – really good customers,� said Cote. “Then we have a lot of customers that are smaller. They may just do six or eight wells per quarter or six or eight a year.� The strongest demand is for the rental and delivery of 1,000 barrel frac tanks which offer a smaller footprint on a lease than a series of 400 bbl. tanks. The insulation and the R value of the large tanks help to keep frac fluid hotter for longer periods which saves companies money if there are operating delays. “By having fewer tanks there is less tanks to tie into. It basically makes everything more efficient on the lease,� said Dorsett. Good To Go stores a lot of its 1,000 bbl. tanks at a 10 acre farm located a few kilometers northwest of the office complex. “It’s been our biggest item and we started it a long time ago. We have the team and the crew and the trucks and all the supplemental equipment to go with them,� said Dorsett. “Nobody can really beat our service around here. We work 24/7 and we’re available for whomever. We go beyond to make sure everyone is taken care of. That’s our biggest thing. “If someone calls for equipment, we’ve got the trucks, and we’ve got the men to go and do it,� added Dorsett. Good To Go also has its own pilot trucks for moving 1,000 bbl. tanks

anywhere they are needed. “We’ll go up to Macklin and Kerrobert and over to D’Arcy and Fiske,� said Cote. “Now, we are even into Alberta quite a bit. We do Elrose and we’ll do Shaunavon and Swift Current or whatever. “Great Prairie is what we want to be and we want to cover it all.� Good To Go also has a lot of miscellaneous equipment for rent such as portable toilets, man baskets and wellhead fittings and accessories. The company repairs and maintains its own rental equipment and trucks at the Kindersley shop where they also do fabrication and custom manufacture their own equipment. Rig mats and rental office trailers are kept at the main town yard. The company has a new 40-acre storage yard with a heated shop for trucks about eight kilometres east of town on Highway 7 to service area oil companies drilling and completing wells in that area. “Horizontal wells are what made Kindersley super busy in the last five years,� said Cote. “The horizontal fracking and whatnot is what is really making Kindersley grow. Over the last couple of years, our company profile has really changed. It’s really gotten busy. “There’s lots of five year plans in place around here – lots of three year plans. There’s lot of good results, oil prices are good so everybody’s moving forward,� said Cote. “At the least the first quarter is going to be crazy. We already know that.� Changes are also being made to Good To Go’s organizational chart. Great Prairie has appointed Darla Dorsett as the interim general manager while her husband and president Norm Neigum recovers from serious injuries he sustained in car accident in the United States.

The couple established Neigum Hot Oilers in 1991, otherwise known as Good To Go Trucking where Darla served as president for 15 years. The business expanded with Good To Go Rentals Ltd. in 2005 under the private ownership of Neigum and Darla’s brother Dean Dorsett. The acquisition of Good To Go Rentals under the financial wing of Great Prairie Energy Services offi-

cially closed on Nov. 1. That’s opening the doors wide to expanding Good To Go with a thumb up from Chad. “We are definitely looking to expand and grow outside of our circle,â€? he said. “We are pretty comfortable here, but it’s time to really expand the business. Hopefully, we will be buying new businesses and grow this company.â€? ŚĂĚ Ĺ˝ĆŒĆ?ĞƊ͕ žĂŜĂĹ?ÄžĆŒ ŽĨ Ĺ˝Ć‰ÄžĆŒÄ‚Ć&#x;ŽŜĆ? Ä‚Ćš 'ŽŽÄš dĹ˝ 'Ĺ˝ ZĞŜƚĂůĆ? Ĺ?Ĺś <Ĺ?ĹśÄšÄžĆŒĆ?ůĞLJ͕ Ä?ĂžĞ ŽƾĆš ŽĨ ƚŚĞ Ä?ŽůÄš Ç ÄžÄ‚ĆŒĹ?ĹśĹ? Ä‚ ƚŽƋƾĞ ƚŽ Ä?ŚĞÄ?ĹŹ ĹšĹ?Ć? Ä?ÄžůůͲ ƉŚŽŜÄž žĞĆ?Ć?Ä‚Ĺ?ÄžĆ? ĨŽĆŒ ĹśÄžÇ Ĺ˝ĆŒÄšÄžĆŒĆ? ŽĨ Ä?ŽžžÄžĆŒÄ?Ĺ?Ä‚ĹŻ ĂŜĚ Ĺ˝Ĺ?ůĎĞůĚ ĆŒÄžĹśĆšÄ‚ĹŻĆ?͘ ĆľĆ?Ĺ?ŜĞĆ?Ć? Ĺ?Ć? Ä?ŽŽžĹ?ĹśĹ? Ä‚Ć? Ä?ŽžĆ‰Ä‚ĹśĹ?ÄžĆ? ŜĞĞĚ ĞƋƾĹ?ƉžĞŜƚ ĨŽĆŒ ƚŚĞ ÄšĆŒĹ?ĹŻĹŻĹ?ĹśĹ? ĂŜĚ Ä?ŽžĆ‰ĹŻÄžĆ&#x;ŽŜ Ç Ĺ˝ĆŒĹŹ Ĺ?Ĺś ƚŚĞ sĹ?ĹŹĹ?ĹśĹ? ĹŻĹ?Ĺ?Śƚ Ĺ˝Ĺ?ĹŻ ƉůĂLJ Ĺ?Ĺś ƚŚĞ ĆŒÄžĹ?Ĺ?ŽŜ͘ dŚĞ Ä?ŽžĆ‰Ä‚ŜLJ Ç Ä‚Ć? ĆŒÄžÄ?ĞŜƚůLJ Ä‚Ä?Ͳ Ć‹ĆľĹ?ĆŒÄžÄš Ä?LJ 'ĆŒÄžÄ‚Ćš WĆŒÄ‚Ĺ?ĆŒĹ?Äž ŜͲ ÄžĆŒĹ?LJ ^ÄžĆŒÇ€Ĺ?Ä?ÄžĆ? /ĹśÄ?͕͘ Ç Ĺ?ƚŚ ĞdžͲ ƉĂŜĆ?Ĺ?ŽŜ ƉůĂŜĆ? Ĺ?Ĺś tÄžĆ?ĆšÄžĆŒĹś ĂŜĂĚĂ ƾŜÄšÄžĆŒ ÄšĹ?Ć?Ä?ĆľĆ?Ć?Ĺ?ŽŜ͘

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6WDQOH\ &XS WRDVWV .LQGHUVOH\¡V VSLULW „ By Geoff Lee Kindersley – Kindersley won the Stanley Cup for a day without touching a puck. Scotiabank brought the cup to Kindersley on Dec. 7 to recognize the spirit of community best told in its national employee contest by Gwendolyn Hrycak, a small business account manager at local branch. Hrycak told the story of the 2010 fire that burned Kindersley’s rink to the ground and how surrounding communities rushed firefighters to the blaze and later welcomed hockey players and fan to share their own rinks and backyard ponds. The event included photo ops of the cup with former NHLer Lanny McDonald at the new Co-op rink built at the site of burned out Exhibition Stadium where McDonald once played some hockey. McDonald joined Flint Energy Services as director of marketing and community relations in 2012 <Ĺ?ĹśÄšÄžĆŒĆ?ůĞLJ DÄ‚Ç‡Ĺ˝ĆŒ :ŽŚŜ ŜŜĆ?ͲtĹ?ŜĚ Ä?ƾŜĚůĞĚ ƾƉ ŽŜ Ä‚ Ä?ŽůÄš ĚĂLJ ĨŽĆŒ Ä‚ ƉŚŽƚŽ ŽƉ Ä‚Ćš ƚŚĞ Ä?ŽŜĆ?ĆšĆŒĆľÄ?Ć&#x;ŽŜ Ć?Ĺ?ƚĞ ŽĨ Ä‚ ŚƾĹ?Äž ĹšŽƾĆ?Ĺ?ĹśĹ? Ć‰ĆŒŽŊÄžÄ?Ćš Ä?LJ DÄ‚ĆŒÄ‚ĆšĹšŽŜ WĆŒĹ˝Ć‰ÄžĆŒĆ&#x;ÄžĆ? Ĺ˝ĆŒĆ‰Í˜ Ä‚Ćš ƚŚĞ ĞĂĆ?Ćš ĞŜĚ ŽĨ ĆšĹ˝Ç ĹśÍ˜ WŚĂĆ?Äž / Ć?Ĺ?ƚĞ Ć‰ĆŒÄžĆ‰ Ä‚Ćš ĆŒŽŽŏĹšĹ˝ĹŻĹŻĹ˝Ç Ć?ƚĂƚĞĆ? Ĺ?Ć? ƚĂŏĹ?ĹśĹ? ƉůĂÄ?Äž Ĺ˝Ç€ÄžĆŒ ƚŚĞ Ç Ĺ?ĹśĆšÄžĆŒ ĂŜĚ Ç Ĺ?ĹŻĹŻ ĂĚĚ ĎŽĎŻĎ° ĆŒÄžĆ?Ĺ?ĚĞŜĆ&#x;Ä‚ĹŻ ƾŜĹ?ĆšĆ? Ĺ?Ĺś ƚŚĞ ÄŽĆŒĆ?Ćš ĆšÇ Ĺ˝ Ç‡ÄžÄ‚ĆŒĆ?͘ dŚĞ ĞƋƾĹ?ƉͲ žĞŜƚ Ĺ?Ć? Ĺ˝Ç ĹśÄžÄš Ä?LJ 'ĞĞ ĞĞ ŽŜĆ?ĆšĆŒĆľÄ?Ć&#x;ŽŜ͘ WŚŽƚŽĆ? Ä?LJ 'ÄžŽč >ĞĞ

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after spending several years with Baker Hughes. “Kindersley’s a rich community not just because we have the oil and gas resources, but also because we have a strong volunteer base,� said Mayor John Enns-Wind. Having the Stanley Cup in town was an opportunity for Enns-Wind to pitch Kindersley as a great place to live and work knowing that a major longterm housing development just got under way. “It demonstrates as we’re trying to sell houses here that we are a very vibrant community. There’s a lot going on that may belie our size and location,� he said. Marathon Properties Corp. broke ground on phase 1 of Brookhollow Estates on Nov. 29 that will provide an initial two-year inventory of mixed housing and commercial development. X Page A19

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707,305, 5,>: 1HU\HY` W Page A18 “It was a great time to celebrate. It’s a pivotal point in Kindersley’s history. We have not had this type of development in the past,� said Enns-Wind. The first phase will include 58 lots for single detached houses, 16 lots for townhouses, 3 lots for multiple unit dwelling, 3 lots for high density condos, and 1 lot for senior housing. “All told there will be about 234 new residential units in Kindersley,� said Enns-Winds, referring to the first phase. Marathon plans to build enough homes for 3,500 residents over the staged 10-year development on 115 acres of land east of the existing Rosedale subdivision. “We are very excited. This provides a lot of certainty for the community especially our businesses both commercial and industrial so they will have places for their employees to live,� said Enns-Wind. “That’s been the biggest drawback to growth in Kindersley. The demand for housing – it’s the oil and gas industry. It’s the service industry. “It’s significant because right now we are just not able to provide appropriate housing for people.� “We are feeling the pinch of growth. Other provinces like Alberta have experienced it in the past. “We are hoping to apply some of the lessons learned in Alberta and some of the best practices here.� Brookhollow is positioned as a public private partnership (P3) with the developer footing the bill for all of the infrastructure and services at no cost to taxpayers. The town sold the land to Marathon at market value and will charge a development levy to help fund future infrastructure maintenance, replacement and repairs. Lots are already on sale at prices between $92,900 and $119,900. Marathon began earthmoving on Nov. 15 with some water and sewer work expected to take place over the winter before construction start ups in the spring. Meanwhile, the Crossroads Motel and the Kindersley Inn just completed expansions while construction continues on a new Suburban Extended Stay Hotel by Choice Hotels and the Snow White Inn, all fronting Highway 7. “It’s very exciting. The demand is based on the transient nature of the oil patch,� said Enns-Wind. “It’s also based on the fact we have not had a lot of housing. I am quite sure if we had more housing, the demand would not quite be there. Hotel rooms are full these days as the town is hosting more sports and cultural events at the West Central Events Centre to maximize revenue for

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taxpayers. The Klippers submitted a bid to host the 2014 Junior A Challenge which could puts hundreds of hockey fans in competition with oil workers for rooms next fall. A 100-person temporary work camp in town is also full as oil and gas activity pick up in the Viking light oil play. “The camp is a short term solution. It’s only a bridge. We’d like to see quick development of our residential areas and see that go,� said Enns-Wind. The Marathon property development will allow for a 40 percent population growth and help to attract and retain new oilfield workers. “Housing is a huge issue with managers and owners of businesses,� said Theresa Leinenweber Kindersley’s economic development officer. “When they try to bring in labourers, there is nowhere for them to live.� “I know it’s held up other deals because of a lack of housing,� added EnnsWind. “Now with this housing announcement, other businesses will be coming in. We can address the labour situation now.� X Page A20

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,QGXVWULDO SDUNV RSHQGHG UHFHQWO\ W Page A19 The newest businesses in town looking to hire are a Great Canadian Oil Change franchise and a new Guppy’s Car & Truck Wash on 13th Avenue. A new major retail development is also under construction fronting Highway 7 at the site of the Co-op gas bar and Wal-Mart complex with the tenants yet to be announced. The McNash and Holland’s industrial parks have also opened in the last year and lots are being sold for industrial and commercial purposes. “Some of it is the demand from oil and gas companies for new businesses and some are expanding,� said Enns-Wind.

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Kindersley will host the 2014 Municipal Infrastructure Conference which will draw attention to its priority projects as it tries to keep pace with growth from the oil and gas sector. “Our official community plan works to a population threshold of 9,000,� said Enns-Wind. “We are looking at strategic planning that addresses issues of growth. We are looking at long term infrastructure investment to ensure that we build the right stuff at the right time.� The demand for frac water by oil companies in the area led Kindersley into a design, build, operate and maintain P3 agreement with Holland’s Hot Oiling to build a wastewater collection facility. X Page A21

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W Page A20 Holland’s will capture the backwash water from the Bernie Haubrich Water Treatment Plant and use it for fracking purposes and pay the town for the water. At the end of the deal, the town will own the infrastructure developed to capture the backwash water. The goal of the project is to reduce the demand on potable water by using the backwash water for fracking purposes. “We’re growing. We’ve increased industrial demands for water beyond fracking,� said Enns-Wind. “We just want to make sure we have a secure source of potable water for our residents.� Construction is expected to start in 2014 on 190 kilometres of pipeline will transport water from the Kindersley’s water supply to customers in the rural municipalities of Kindersley and McKillop. Kindersley will determine which option to pursue in 2014 to expand the West Central Events Centre starting with an aquatic centre priced at around $23 million. “Funding from other levels of government is very uncertain. The town doesn’t have the resources to finance it ourselves,� said Enns-Wind. “We are working with community groups to decide on the best choice that addresses the needs and the wants that we have at a value that we can afford on an ongoing basis. “We are exploring all options to make the best decision for Kindersley and West Central Saskatchewan.�

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5DJLQJ 5LYHU WR GULOO 9LNLQJ ZHOOV Calgary – Raging River Exploration Inc. will spend $215 million in 2014 to drill a whopping 209 net horizontal wells in the Viking light oil play in the Kindersley area. The Calgary-based junior oil and gas producer expects the expenditures to increase 2014 average daily production by 73 per cent to 9,500 of oil equivalent per day. The capital budget is also expected to increase their 2014 exit rate by 38 per cent to 11,000 boepd with a 95 per cent weighting in oil. Those numbers would shatter the company’s 2013 record performance as they more than doubled production in excess of 8,000 boepd with an average production rate of 5,500 boepd. Raging River also expanded their drilling inventory in 2013 through methodical step out drilling across its asset base.

The company has 200 net sections of prospective Viking land with 108 net sections tested by drilling. They successfully drilled more than 50 previously undrilled section of land in 2013. They also more than doubled their cash flow per share in 2013 while maintaining a clean balance sheet. “Raging River continues to be a leader in the southwest Saskatchewan Viking light oil play,� said the company in a Dec. 11 update. “Our 1,900 well drilling inventory, combined with our industry leading netback, positions the company for continuous per share growth in 2014 and beyond.� The 2014 drilling program is driven by play expansion with approximately 24 per cent of the drilling locations to target undrilled sections.

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The completed program will push their number of tested sections to 160 in the Viking play. The company plans to drill 45 wells in Dodsland, 66 wells in Beadle, 42 in Lucky Hills, 22 in Kerrobert and 34 in Plato and Forgan in 2014 – all of them net. Approximately 61 wells will be drilled in first quarter of 2014, followed by 18 in Q2, 74 in Q3 and 55 in Q4. The $215 million budget includes $195 million for drilling, completion and equipping and $5 million for waterflood optimization and expansion.

The remaining $15 million will be land, seismic and maintenance capital. Raging River expects to generate $181 million in funds from operations in 2014. The company expects those funds, when combined with their existing credit facilities, will provide ample funds to execute the budget while maintaining a strong balance sheet. The 2014 budget is based on an assumed 2014 average Edmonton light oil price of $91 barrel. Raging River expects to exit 2014 with net debt of approximately $135 million.

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Geology leads Edge to drill again „ By Geoff Lee

Edge Resources intended on drilling at least three more wells in its Eye Hill east propÄžĆŒĆšÇ‡ Ĺ?Ĺś ^Ä‚Ć?ĹŹÄ‚ĆšÄ?ĹšÄžÇ Ä‚Ĺś Ĺ?Ĺś ÄžÄ?ĞžÄ?ÄžĆŒ Ĺ?Ĺś ĹŻĹ˝Ä?Ä‚Ć&#x;ŽŜĆ? Ä?Ä‚Ć?ĞĚ ŽŜ Ć?ÄžĹ?Ć?ĹľĹ?Ä? ÄšÄ‚ĆšÄ‚Í˜ dŚĞLJ Ĺ˝ĆŒĹ?Ĺ?Ĺ?ŜĂůůLJ ÄšĆŒĹ?ůůĞĚ Ä‚ ÄšĹ?Ć?Ä?Ĺ˝Ç€ÄžĆŒÇ‡ Ç ÄžĹŻĹŻ Ć?ĹšĹ˝Ç Ĺś Ĺ?Ĺś ƚŚĹ?Ć? ƉŚŽƚŽ Ä‚Ćš LJĞ ,Ĺ?ĹŻĹŻ Ĺ?Ĺś :ƾůLJ ĎŽĎŹĎ­ĎŽ Ä?Ä‚Ć?ĞĚ ŽŜ ĎŽ Ć?ÄžĹ?Ć?ĹľĹ?Ä?͘ dŚĞ Ĺ?ĹśĹ?Ć&#x;Ä‚ĹŻ Ç€ÄžĆŒĆ&#x;Ä?Ä‚ĹŻ ŚĞĂǀLJ Ĺ˝Ĺ?ĹŻ Ç ÄžĹŻĹŻ ƚĂƉƉĞĚ Ĺ?ŜƚŽ Ä‚ ÄšĹ?Ć?Ä?Ĺ˝Ç€ÄžĆŒÄžÄš DÄ?>Ä‚ĆŒÄžĹś ƉŽŽů͘ dŚĞ Ä?ŽžĆ‰Ä‚ŜLJ ƚŚĞŜ Ć?ŚŽƚ ĎŻ Ć?ÄžĹ?Ć?ĹľĹ?Ä? ŽŜ ĆšĹšĆŒÄžÄž ĂŜĚ Ä‚ ŚĂůĨ Ć?ÄžÄ?Ć&#x;ŽŜĆ? ŽĨ ůĂŜĚ Ä‚Ćš LJĞ ,Ĺ?ĹŻĹŻ ĞĂĆ?Ćš Ĺ?Ĺś ƚŚĞ ĨÄ‚ĹŻĹŻ ŽĨ ĎŽĎŹĎ­ĎŽ ĂŜĚ ÄšĹ?Ć?Ä?Ĺ˝Ç€ÄžĆŒÄžÄš ĂĚĚĹ?Ć&#x;ŽŜÄ‚ĹŻ ƉŽŽůĆ?͘ dŚĞLJ ÄšĆŒĹ?ůůĞĚ Ä‚ ƚĞĆ?Ćš Ć‰ĆŒĹ˝ÄšĆľÄ?Ĺ?ĹśĹ? Ç ÄžĹŻĹŻ Ĺ?Ĺś ƚŚĞ Ä‚ĆŒÄžÄ‚ ƚŚĂƚ Ć‰ĆŒĹ˝ÄšĆľÄ?ĞĚ Ä‚Ćš Ä‚Ĺś Ä‚Ç€ÄžĆŒÄ‚Ĺ?Äž ŽĨ Ď­ĎŽĎ´ Ä?Ä‚ĆŒĆŒÄžĹŻĆ? Ć‰ÄžĆŒ ĚĂLJ Ĺ?Ĺś ƚŚĞ Ć‰ĆŒÄžÇ€Ĺ?ŽƾĆ? Ć‹ĆľÄ‚ĆŒĆšÄžĆŒ ŽĨ ĎŽĎŹĎ­ĎŻÍ˜ dŚĂƚ Ç ÄžĹŻĹŻ Ä?ŽŜĆ&#x;ŜƾÄžĆ? ƚŽ ĞdžÄ?ĞĞĚ ÄšĹ?Ğ͛Ć? ĞdžƉĞÄ?ƚĂĆ&#x;ŽŜĆ?͘ WŚŽƚŽ Ć?ĆľÄ?ĹľĹ?ƊĞĚ

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Calgary â€“ Brad Nichol, president and CEO of Edge Resources Inc., a junior oil and gas company, credits a 3D seismic program for giving his company a clear vision for growth. The Calgary-based company has a 100 per cent working interest on 20 sections of land in the Eye Hill Saskatchewan area where seismic has identified over 100 drilling locations. The company moved a drilling rig into its prime Eye Hill east area in early December to drill and complete a minimum of three new vertical wells by the end of 2013. The planned targets

are within a few hundred feet of Edge’s existing vertical well that produced an average of 128 barrels per day in the previous quarter. The new drilling locations have been chosen based on Edge’s reinterpretation of its previous geological and geophysical models and a nearby reservoir. The company also relied on its extensive 2D and 3D seismic data in choosing the drill targets. If the new wells produce early and at rates similar to the Eye Hill east vertical well, Edge could exit 2013 with a total production of over 700 bpd with plenty of upside potential. “Conservatively, by the summer of next year by the end of Q2, we should be at rates approaching 1,000 bpd,� said Nichol in the first week of December. “I think once we’ve seen some of the production estimates from these wells that we are drilling today, we could end up doubling our capital programs.� Nichol’s optimistic outlook is partly based on a decision to shoot 3D seismic on over three and half sections of land in Eye Hill east in the fall of 2012 following a productive discovery well. “After drilling that first well, we knew we had discovered something, but didn’t realize how extensive the prospect would be,� he said. “After we shot the 3D seismic, we realized we had structure, we had net pay thickness and we had a massive

discovery in a sense.� The existing 2D seismic that came with the acquisition of the property, and the new 3D seismic at Eye Hill east revealed three large pools of heavy oil. “You can’t really tell them apart,� said Nichol when it comes to the geology. “I want to call it a different form of deposition in each of those pools. They are all in the same formation and the same depth, but a slightly different deposition. “Maybe it was a deltaic for a while (millions of years ago) and maybe later it was more fluvial. “We talk about it in the market as just one big pool, so it doesn’t confuse people,� he said. The seismic shows the pools are in the shallow McLaren formation at a depth of about 750 metres. The geology of Eye Hill is determined from nearly 125 square kilometers of 2D on the property and 30 sq. kilometers of 3D seismic. Deloitte bumped up Edge’s total proven reserves at Eye Hill in July from 381,000 barrels of oil equivalent to 1,148,000 boe following the drilling of the discovery well and the test well. “The 2D gave us the confidence to drill the first well,� said Nichol. Less than a mile from the discovery well was an older field with 35 vertical wells that produced about 3,500 bpd at its peak by cold heavy oil production with sand (CHOPS) X Page A25

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707,305, 5,>: 1HU\HY` W Page A24 Some of those CHOPS wells produced over 200 bpd but are prone to high water cuts. “One thing we’ve done differently is, we are actually pushing back on our wells,â€? said Nichols. “We’re restricting the production rates. We are holding back pressure. We are not pulling really hard on those pumps. “We think it’s possible to increase production rates in the future and this may cause water cuts to increase. But for now we are seeing about a 40 per cent water cut or less.â€? Nichol said he is happy with that cut given some competing wells in area have water cuts approaching 70 per cent and rising to over 90 per cent. Edge ended its last quarter with record improvements in revenue, operating costs, administration costs, cash flow and netbacks. “In 2014, we expect to generate $9 million in cash flow if we get half of the production rate that we’ve already achieved to date on our recent successful well,â€? said Nichol referring to the test well. Edge has a high profit to investment ratio based on its ability to generate its own cash from operations which gives it a competitive advantage. “That’s the problem with the juniors today. Many have difficulty generating sufficient cash flow internally,â€? said Nichol. Edge’s ability to generate cash internally paved the way for it to raise $3.5 million on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) on the London stock exchange for the latest three well drilling program. “We have an incredible shareholder base in the U.K.,â€? said Nichol. “If you have a story like we have with all the unique features that we have, that’s a story that people want to invest in.â€? The new wells will all be vertical CHOPS wells in keeping with the characteristics of the formation and economics. “We have considered the possibility of drilling horizontally into this reservoir, but the geology and reservoir don’t necessarily warrant horizontal development,â€? said Nichol. CHOPS producing vertical wells can also cost less to operate and maintain. “Our total cost all in for getting one of these wells drilled, completed, equipped and producing is $650,000,â€? said Nichol. “There’s no fracking or stimulation. It’s just drill, perforate and produce the well. “Just on the success of this drilling program, we should see a fourfold increase flow per share because the wells perform so well for such little

capital. “We’ve got a great land base. We’ve got an excellent track record and operationally, we’ve done things a little bit differently, and we’ve realized an incredible result.� Edge took time last summer to reassure itself it indeed has one of the top assets in North America after a nearby operator released negative news on the general area. “We wanted to make sure we had our ducks lined up in a row. We reassessed everything,� said Nichol. “We spent the better part of the summer ripping apart our geological and geophysical models of what we truly had. “The result was it reinforced in our minds that we have a different asset than what the neighbouring property has. “Call it one big pool that we think is even bigger than the neighbouring pools.� Nichols expects Edge can grow to rival some of the bigger players in the area. “We’ve got an incredible team and we can take this company to 15,000 bpd just with the team we have,� he said. “We are looking to grow with our corporate partners in tow for additional growth prospects in the region. “Whether those opportunities are corporate acquisitions or asset acquisitions, the end result is that we are looking to grow pretty aggressively in the area. “We are going to do everything we can to preserve the life of that reservoir,� he added. “The growth potential is huge. The payback is incredible. That profit to investment ratio is the near the top, if not the top in North America. “It’s a play/prospect that falls into the top five economic prospects in North America.�

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7 %DU 7UDQVSRUW EHVW EXVLQHVV LQ /OR\G Lloydminster – T Bar 1 Transport Inc. isn’t resting on its laurels as the recipient of the 2013 Business of the Year award by the Lloydminster Chamber of Commerce. The family-own local business is busy shopping for more land for the growing pipe yard segment of its diversified oilfield transport business. T Bar 1 currently operates from a 10,000 sq. ft. main office and shop with a five acre pipe yard and a 3,000 sq. ft. secondary supply shop in the Reinhart Industrial Park. “We’re looking to expand in the spring,� said vice-president Jason Newman. “We are looking at more land to increase the size of our pipe yard. Along with increasing the size of the pipe yard comes with increasing the size of the fleet. “The biggest thing for us is we want to make sure we take care of the customers we have.�

T Bar 1’s commitment to their oilfield customers helped them win the coveted best business award. It came as a surprise to the extended Newman family on a payroll of about 32 employees. “We were very excited and very surprised. We didn’t expect it to come at all. There were some great businesses up for nomination,� said Jason who owns the business with his dad Steve. “I think it’s based on our customer service and our willingness to give back to the community and work with the community, and probably a little bit on running a successful family run business.� The father and son team started T Bar 1 Transport in 2002 with a third partner who they bought out in 2006 with the business on a solid footing. “We started with one truck 11 years ago, so growth has been exponential for a lot of years,� said the younger

Newman. The exception was 2012, when they replaced most of their owner-operator fleet of small one-ton trucks with their own. “As the pipe yard is growing, we are growing again,â€? said Newman. “We’ve been steady since the start of summer. We’ve been going well and we work with some great people and have some great clients to deal with.â€? T Bar 1 Transport stocks a variety of regular 3 ½ inch and 2 7/8 inch pipe and some casing pipe to supply to oilfield companies around Lloydminster. X Page A28

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3LSH \DUG W Page A27 The inventory includes hardened pipe like boronized pipe and zero core tubular and poly core lined pipe. “What we do is run the pipe yard where we have distributors and suppliers in here so we don’t own any of the pipe,� explained Newman. “We run the pipe yard and take care of their pipe for them and haul it out. “We’ve got six smaller pickers that can handle some of the service rig stuff – where you’ve got five to 15 joints and that kind of stuff. “Then, we’ve got five larger pickers that can handle more of your completions work where you are hauling 50, 60 or 80 joints out to a site.� X Page A29

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707,305, 5,>: 1HU\HY` W Page A28 T Bar 1 is also equipped with winch tractors and 16 wheelers for over dimensional hauling and moving service rigs around during the road ban season. Winch tractors are also used to move skidded tanks and different pieces of oilfield equipment. “We’ve got three tank movers that do the tank moving and two 45 ton pickers and a 40 ton picker that do completion work where they’re setting leases up,� said Newman. “We’re moving lots of tanks out of everywhere, GLM, Foremost, Automated – all the different companies around Lloyd.� T Bar Transport rounds out its equipment with cement bulkers, stepdecks, hiboys and scissor necks. Newman said the recent success of their pipe yard has lessened the need to continually diversify their products and services to stay busy and competitive. “A couple of years ago, we put a lot of focus and emphasis on the pipe yard which has given us a lot more steady work and we’re just trying to take good care of our local customers,� he said. “We’ve always been a local company. We don’t send our fleet away in the winter. We focus on the Lloydminster area throughout the year. Their main sphere of operations is within a 100 kilometre radius from Lloydminster. “With our tank moving and our oversized loads, we do some work all over Alberta and Saskatchewan,� added Newman. Newman said the heavy oil region of Lloydminster is a steadier place to do business than some other oil and gas based towns in Western Canada. “In Lloyd it doesn’t get quite as busy as it will in Grande Prairie in the busiest times, but we will never get as slow as Grande Prairie does either when it’s slow. It’s a little more stable here,� he said. Newman said the company has received a lot of calls from local customers congratulating them on their best business award and success. “It’s been really nice. We thank everybody that’s had a helping hand along the way – all of our customers, all our employees and all the people we know,� said Newman. “I think it just stems from that kind of mentality – we’re a family run business. We tend to be very loyal to the people who are good to us.

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“We try to believe in a community where everybody is working together to make it a strong community.� In the last two years, T-Bar 1 Transport has supported more than 30 organizations, teams, events and causes in the region through volunteer and fundraising activities. In addition, just about every employee with an office has a display of personal photos on their wall in keeping with the company’s emphasis on enjoying

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life at work and at play. “We just try to balance it where you’re still home a lot of nights for supper with your family – you get weekends off to spend time at the lake with the kids or go to hockey tournaments in the winter,� said Newman. “We just think it’s important and for the long term success of a company where employees are happy in what they are doing. That makes them a better employee.�

Jason Newman, vice president of T-Bar 1 Transport said his company is experiencing steady growth with its pipe yard business. In the background are some storage tanks. The company has the equipment to move 400 barrel to 2,500 barrel tanks.

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'HQKDP KHDGV LQWR RQ D UROO Lloydminster – Denham Chrysler in Lloydminster heads into 2014 fresh from its 25th anniversary hellbent on setting new sales records for their new and used vehicles. In 2013, the dealership sold more than 1,000 vehicles, the most of a dozen or so dealerships in Western Canada established by Hugh Denham. Denham is one of the original owners and a current shareholder in the Lloydminster business. The principal dealer at Denham is Rod Ehalt. He relied on veteran sales manager Dave Voellmecke to speak to the media about their 25-year track record and future plans. “I am putting together our plans and targets for 2014 week by week and month by month,� said Voellmecke in a late November interview at the showroom. “Sales have more than doubled since the time we started 25 years ago. Every year has been gradual growth from the start to now. That even growth is what has made it nice. “When I look back, having the oil and gas industry here is probably what kept it steady throughout the years. “It seems like in this part of the world, we are less concerned about the weather and the farming conditions. “That being said,

farming has been steady pretty well all the way through for us.� In Lloydminster where the oil and gas and agriculture industries drive economic growth, it’s no surprise that 75 per cent of Denham’s sales are four wheel drive pickups. “We’ve become the main competition because of our pickup style,� said Voellmecke. “In the past, people bought one because their dad bought one or because they thought they were dependable. “They weren’t buying because they looked great or were great riding. They bought it because they thought it was a workhorse. “Now people are buying them for both reasons. They are still dependable and now they have all the comforts. They have more luxury features than our cars did five years ago.� The best selling vehicle at Denham is the Dodge Ram pickup, like the 2500 crew cab diesel unit Voellmecke drives. “I like it. It’s become comfortable,� said Voellmecke. “The crew cab pickup is by far the majority of everything we sell. There’s a large cabin and there’s lot of room in the back and different sizes of cargo boxes.� Voellmecke worked with one of the previous owners to scout locations in Lloydminster that was considered a risky market for a

new dealership in those days. “Everybody that we talked to when we got here said it was a depressed area,� recalled Voellmecke. “At that time, the oilfield wasn’t that strong. It was more agriculture at the time, but it had the potential for it.� Denham expanded several times in its original footprint, including purchases of land and buildings and hiring more employees. They outgrew that space and relocated in 2003 to their existing location. X Page A32

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.LQGHU 0RUJDQ VHHNV SLSHOLQH DSSURYDO Calgary – Industry friends of Kinder Morgan Canada applauded the company’s filing of an application with the National Energy Board of Canada to expand its $5.4 billion Trans Mountain pipeline system. The Dec. 16 application proposes to create a twinned pipeline that would increase crude oil capacity of the system from 300,000 barrels per day, to 890,000 barrels per day. The project would involve the construction of about 994 kilometres of new pipeline following the route of the existing system from Edmonton Alberta to Burnaby British Columbia. “The filing of this application is an important milestone for the company and the industry,� Brenda Kenny, president and CEO of the Canadian Energy Pipeline Association said following the announcement. “There are many regulatory requirements that still need to be reached before a final decision, but this filing clearly indicates the need for additional pipeline capacity to the west coast.� The application addresses provincial interests and concerns, including the five requirements set out by the B.C. Government for that province to support construction of new heavy oil pipelines within its borders. The NEB will conduct a review of the safety, environmental and socio-

economic considerations of the pipeline over the coming months to determine if the project is in Canada’s interest. If approved on time, the pipeline could be operational in late 2017. Kinder Morgan has been consulting with landowners, Aboriginal groups, communities and stakeholders along the entire proposed expansion route for the past 18 months since they announced plans to expand the system in the spring of 2012. “Our engagement efforts will continue beyond this filing leading up to the NEB hearing as we consider further input that is critical to our planning on this project,â€? said Ian Anderson, president of Kinder Morgan Canada. The pipeline with provide oil producers in Western Canada with much needed access to refineries in Canada, the U.S. and other Pacific Rim countries. “Bolstered market access for Canada’s energy is critical to create jobs and provide economic benefits for all Canadians,â€? said Greg Stringham, vice president of the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers. CAPP supports increased access to markets in Eastern Canada, the United States and the rapidly growing markets in Asia because it would help ensure Canada receives world prices for oil, a significant export commodity.

7KUHH QHZ YHKLFOHV VROG IRU HYHU\ RQH XVHG W Page A31 Today, the 24,000 sq. ft. dealership houses a drive-thru service shop, an Express Lane for speedy service, a showroom and 43 employees. Along the way they added a Jeep franchise to the business. In the early years, Denham sold two used cars for every new vehicle, but now it’s at least three new vehicles to every used one thanks in part to a steady increase in truck fleet sales from oil and gas companies. “That is one area that we are expanding into even more so this year,� said Voellmecke.

“We just recently hired Barry Mackichin who will dedicate his time dealing with our fleet customers. In the past, I was trying to juggle that plus what goes on in the showroom. “Fleet sales take in everything from single vehicle fleet purchases to adding on to an existing fleet of 200 or buying five or six units at a time. Those are the types of things we are dealing with now.� Voellmecke said while fuel economy has been a conversation at just about every sale over the years, customers are buying what they want since they have high paying jobs. “They are not settling for the most basic thing.

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McMillan explains at land sale totals Regina – The December Santa Claus sale of petroleum and natural gas rights brought a measure of good cheer to the province, generating $13.9 million in revenue compared to $11.5 million for the same sale in 2012. This last sale of the year brought the total revenue for the six sales in 2013 to $67.4 million, well below the $105.7 million total a year ago. The news prompted Energy and Resources Minister Tim McMillan to focus attention on the big economic picture of Saskatchewan’s oil and gas industry. “Saskatchewan is now ranked as the number one jurisdiction in Canada for oil and gas investment policies according Fraser Institute’s annual Global Petroleum Survey,� said McMillan in the land sales news release of Dec. 3 “This vote of confidence from the industry shows that our government is taking the right steps to ensure Saskatchewan remains competitive not only in Canada but globally as well.� McMillan alluded to the Process Renewal and Infrastructure Management Enhancement (PRIME) program as sending a strong signal to industry that the province intends to remain one of the best places to invest. PRIME is a multi-project initiative that is modernizing the ministry’s oil and gas business processes and computer systems. In 2012 the system successfully integrated Saskatchewan’s volumetric reporting into Petrinex, Canada’s petroleum information network. The latest system upgrades focus on renewing processes and systems related to wells, facilities and petroleum tenure, which includes the land sale and instrument registry. The next land will be held on Feb. 3, 2014. Weyburn-Estevan area (numbers rounded up) The top purchaser of acreage in this area was Prairie Land & Investment Services Ltd., which spent $2.5 million to acquire 17 lease parcels. The top price paid for a single lease in this area was $908,448 by Plunkett Resources Ltd. for a 259 hectare parcel situated partially within the Roche Percee Bakken Sand Oil Pool, 15 kilometres east of Estevan. The highest price for a single licence in this area was $175,100 by Plunkett Resources Ltd. for a 1,230 hectare block situated two kilometres southeast of the Midale Central Midale Beds Pool, 35 kilometres southwest of Stoughton. The highest dollar per hectare in this area was received from T. Bird Oil Ltd., at $4,204 per hectare, for a 64.75 hectare parcel located within the Huntoon Midale Beds and Viewfield Bakken Sand Pools, 25 kilometres southwest of Stoughton. Lloydminster area The top purchaser of acreage in this area was Standard Land Company Inc., which spent $11.6 million to acquire six lease parcels. The highest price paid for a single lease in this area was $801,459 which was paid by Scott Land & Lease Ltd. for a 129.5 hectare parcel adjacent to the Soda Lake Cummings Sand Oil Pool, 13 kilometres south of Maidstone. This is the

highest dollar per hectare in this area at $6,189. The top price for a single licence in this area was $211,918, paid by Britt Resources Ltd., for a 1,683 hectare block situated adjacent to the Freemont West Sparky Sand Oil Pool, eight kilometres west of Neilburg. Kindersley-Kerrobert area The top purchaser of acreage in this area was Teine Energy Ltd., that spent $452,726 to acquire 1 lease parcel. The highest price paid for a single lease in this area was $452,726, by Teine Energy Ltd. for a 257 hectare parcel situated adjacent the Whiteside Viking Sand Oil Pool, 23 kilometres west of Kindersley. This is the highest dollar per hectare in this area at $1,759. Swift to Current area The top purchaser of acreage in this area was Standard Land Company Inc., which spent $48,226 to acquire three lease parcels. The highest price paid for a single lease in this area was $24,864 by Canasea for a 777 hectare parcel situated 7 kilometres east of the Leon Lake Shaunavon Oil Pool, 8 kilometres east of the town of Shaunavon. The highest dollar per hectare in this area was received from Plunkett Resources Ltd., which paid $224 per hectare for a 64.75 hectare parcel located within the Antelope Lake Roseray Sand Oil Pool, 46 kilometres west of Swift Current.

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McQueen new Alberta energy minister Edmonton – Alberta’s oil and gas industry heads into 2014 with Diana McQueen as the new Energy minister in a major cabinet shuffle announced by Premier Alison Redford in early December. McQueen, the former environment minister, takes over the role of Energy Development from Ken Hughes who moves to Municipal Affairs after heading the energy portfolio since May 2012. Robin Campbell is promoted from Aboriginal Relations to Environment and Sustainable Resources. Campbell will also serve as government house leader. All of the ministerial changes, including new associate ministers, increase the total number of

MLAs with seats at the cabinet table to 30 from 27. “It was a sizable cabinet shuffle,â€? Gary Leach, president of the Explorers and Producers Association of Canada said to reporters. “A lot of key portfolios that affect the oil and gas sector will be affected.â€? “Diana McQueen would maybe be the best choice for Energy minister if they are moving people around,â€? he said. “She has been a high profile, strong advocate for the energy sector where it impacts with the environment issues.â€? As the Environment minister, McQueen advocated with the federal government to begin imple-

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Diana McQueen is Alberta’s new Energy minister. McQueen, a former Environment minister was named to ƚŚĞ ƉŽĆ?Ćš Ä?LJ WĆŒÄžĹľĹ?ÄžĆŒ ĹŻĹ?Ć?ŽŜ ZĞĚĨŽĆŒÄš Ĺ?Ĺś Ä‚ Ä?Ä‚Ä?Ĺ?ŜĞƚ Ć?ŚƾŋĞ on Dec. 5. Former Energy minister Ken Hughes moves to DƾŜĹ?Ä?Ĺ?ƉĂů ÄŤÄ‚Ĺ?ĆŒĆ?͘ WŚŽƚŽ Ć?ĆľÄ?ĹľĹ?ƊĞĚ

mentation of a new comprehensive environmental monitoring program in the oilsands region. McQueen also served as parliamentary assistant to both the ministers of Environment and Energy prior to her cabinet post. In addition, she chaired the regulatory enhancement task force to address the regulatory barriers that recommended the creation of the new Alberta Energy Regulator. McQueen is a second-term MLA for Drayton Valley-Devon.

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PIPELINE NEWS

SECTION B January 2014

9LHZĂ€HOG &UDWHU P GHHS dĹšĹ?Ć? ƉŚŽƚŽ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ sĹ?ÄžÇ ÄŽÄžĹŻÄš ĆŒÄ‚ĆšÄžĆŒ Ç Ä‚Ć? ƚĂŏĞŜ Ä?LJ ŚƾÄ?ĹŹ KÍ› ĂůĞ͕ Ä‚ Ä?ĆŒÄ‚ĆšÄžĆŒ ÄžÇ†Ć‰ĹŻĹ˝ĆŒÄžĆŒ ĨĆŒŽž KĆŠÄ‚Ç Ä‚Í• Ä‚Ć? Ć‰Ä‚ĆŒĆš ŽĨ Ä‚ Ä?ĆŒĹ˝Ć?Ć?Ͳ ĂŜĂĚĂ ĆšĆŒÄžĹŹ ƚŽ ƉŚŽƚŽĹ?ĆŒÄ‚Ć‰Ĺš Ĺ?žƉĂÄ?Ćš Ä?ĆŒÄ‚ĆšÄžĆŒĆ?͘ &ĆŒŽž ƚŚĞ Ć?ĆľĆŒĨÄ‚Ä?Ğ͕ ĆšĹšÄžĆŒÄžÍ›Ć? ŜŽĆš žƾÄ?Ĺš ƚŽ ůŽŽŏ Ăƚ͕ Ä?ƾƚ Ĺ?ƚ͛Ć? Ä‚ ÄšĹ?ÄŤÄžĆŒÄžĹśĆš Ć?ĆšĹ˝ĆŒÇ‡ Ç Ĺ?ƚŚ ĎŻ Ć?ÄžĹ?Ć?ĹľĹ?Ä?͘ Photo courtesy Chuck O’Dale

There’s a crater under that prairie „By Brian Zinchuk Stoughton - It’s 190 million years ago, in the early Jurassic era, give or take 20 million years. Not that long ago, there was just one continent, Pangaea. Just 10 million years or so before, continental drift began to split the continents. You’re a dinosaur. You’ve just finished munching on your afternoon ferns a few kilometres from a place that will eventually be called Stoughton.

A brilliant light appears on the horizon, growing brighter and brighter as it streaks closer and closer. There is no sound, however, as whatever it is, it is travelling many times faster than the speed of sound. In the brief time it takes to raise your head, it’s here. A massive explosion takes place, and you have been blown to bits, as has everything else around you. X Page B2

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9LHZĂ€HOG &UDWHU LV QHDU WKH FHQWUH RI WKH 9LHZĂ€HOG %DNNHQ 3RRO ² FRLQFLGHQFH" W Page B1 The above account is a rough approximation of what happened at Viewfield, a few kilometres southwest of Stoughton. The result was the Viewfield Crater. That crater is having an impact on oil production in the region today. In 1972, H. B. Sawatzky wrote a paper called Viewfield - a Producing Crater? And therein lies the biggest question regarding the Viewfield Crater. It just happens to be smack dab in the centre of the southern side of the Viewfield Bakken Pool, Saskatchewan’s most prolific Bakken production area. It’s where row upon row of bent pumpjacks have become the iconic image of the Bakken play. What are the odds that Saskatchewan’s Bakken hotspot just happens to be so precisely co-located with a meteor impact crater? In geological circles, the coincidence has been noticed. Ryan Axani, a geologist with Lightstream Resources (formerly PetroBakken) did a presentation on the Viewfield Crater in May at the Williston Basin Petroleum Conference in Regina. Lightstream has even gone so far as to drill two wells to investigate the fractures caused by the crater. (See related story Page B3) A fixture in the Saskatchewan Subsurface Geological Laboratory, or core lab, is John Lake. A geologist, he’s probably spent more time looking at Saskatchewan core than anyone else in recent years, spending over 200 days a year at the lab. He’s so much a resident that jokes about him having a cot at the lab could be taken seriously. The last two roller tables for core analysis are generally considered Lake’s.

While visiting the core lab on Nov. 28, Pipeline News spoke to Lake. Not only was he familiar with the Viewfield crater, he was the geologist who cored its centre just a few years ago, working for a small local oil producer. “I drilled a well in the centre of it once, and cut a core. When we cored it, the beds were standing vertically,� Lake said. Sedimentary beds in southeast Saskatchewan are almost always laid in horizontal layers. “The thing is all faulted. You keep seeing the same section. I’ve never seen that before in this basin.� It was an 18-metre core barrel. “We went through the Mississippian,� he said. “The (formation) tops were all off as well. “I picked probably seven core points before I cored there.� “We wanted to see if the Bakken had been fractured by the impact. It was beat up, but there were no open fractures. It was a bit disappointing. There wasn’t any oil.� Other heavenly bodies, like the moon, are covered in craters. That’s because without an atmosphere, running water or sedimentation, there is nothing to erode away a crater or cover it up, sweeping it under the rug, as it were. Craters on the moon are just as visible today as when they were created billions of years ago. The Viewfield Crater is one of a half dozen known astroblemes (meaning “star wound�) in Saskatchewan. In southern Saskatchewan there are craters at Elbow and Maple Creek. Some are buried, but the northern ones are visible.

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One crater that is well known in North America is the Metor Crater a.k.a. Barrington Crater, not far from Flagstaff, Arizona. It’s 1,600 metres across, and 167 metres deep. It’s now a tourist trap, with its own website, meteorcrater.com. That website notes “Meteor Crater is the breath-taking result of a collision between a piece of an asteroid traveling at 26,000 miles per hour and planet Earth approximately 50,000 years ago.� The creation of the Arizona crater had the energy of a magnitude 7.1 earthquake. According to Meteor Crater’s website, that crater was formed by an asteroid the size of a schoolbus. A video on the site noted if such an impact were to happen in the middle of a large city, the consequences would be devastating. The downtown area of San Francisco would fit inside Meteor Crater. To get another perspective, the largest nuclear explosion the United States ever performed was the Castle Bravo test shot at Bikini Atoll on March 1, 1954. Due to a miscalculation, the explosion was much larger than expected - resulting in a 15 megaton explosion, meaning the energy equivalent of 15 million tons of TNT going off at once at a single point. The scientists had predicted at six megaton explosion. The Castle Bravo test resulted in a 2,000 metre wide crater. The Viewfield crater is larger than both the Arizona Meteor Crater and the Castle Bravo test crater. That places Viewfield as powerful, or even more powerful, than some of the largest nuclear bombs ever exploded (The largest, the Soviet Tsar Bomba, at 50 megatons, was exploded high in the air so as to not leave a crater. If it had been exploded on the ground and created a crater, the nuclear fallout from that one explosion would have been the same as one-quarter of all the hundreds of nuclear tests to that time). As far as craters caused by meteors go, Viewfield is still pretty small. Gow Lake, Sask. is five kilometres across. The Maple Creek impact structure is six kilometres across. Deep Bay, on the south end of Reindeer Lake, is 11 kilometres across. South of Lake Athabasca, the Carswell Structure is so large, it can be clearly seen on all geological maps of the province. At 39 kilmotres wide, it’s believed to have been caused by an asteroid 500 metres to one kilometre wide, approximately 115 million years ago. It’s the fourth largest in Canada.

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Did a local Armageddon 190 million years ago impact oil production today? „ By Brian Zinchuk Regina – When you’ve got a big crater buried one kilometre deep in the middle of your oilfield, there’s all sorts of questions as a result. Is the oilfield there because of the impact? Does it improve or hamper production? Should we drill there or avoid it like the plague? Last May Ryan Axani, a geologist with Lightstream Resources, did a presentation to the Williston Basin Petroleum Conference on that company’s efforts to find some answers. Over 50 years, all sorts of wells have been drilled in and around the Viewfield Crater, located approximately six miles south and 2 miles west of the intersection of Highways 13 and 47 near Stoughton. In 2012, PetroBakken (now Lightstream Resources) drilled two Bakken horizontal wells proximal to the crater site. One was a single leg, the second was a dual leg. The purpose was to discover the economic limit of the Bakken around the crater site and to gain more insight into the fracture network in the area. They would hopefully lead to more economic development of the Bakken formation in the area and that knowledge could be applied to other fracture-prone areas in the Viewfield. “The structure itself is easily seen using seismic data,� Axani said. The drilling target

reservoir was in the BF2 zone, a dolomitic siltstone in the Middle Bakken formation. Most horizontal wells in the area are drilled in the better quality rock of the BF2b zone. Average reservoir characteristics showed a porosity of nine to 12 per cent, permeability of 0.01 to 1 millidarcies, and an oil gravity of 40 API. Major hazards included natural fractures, out of zone water, sale collapses and the crater impacts. The dual leg well, Well B, was drilled from the northwest corner of the crater, with the two legs going due east along the north side of the crater. Well A was drilled from southwest of the crater in an easterly direction along the south side of the crater. “The maximum impact was about 600 metres from the crater itself,� Axani said, explaining the distance of the wells from the crater. From Well A, they were in the zone the entire length of the wellbore. It had good oil and gas shows according to the well log throughout the wellbore. Normally that’s a good indicator of a solidly producing well. However, that was not the case. For Well B, the were also oil and gas shows for the length of the wellbores, and the northern leg was even more promising. “We were very excited to put this well on production,�

Axani said. Both wells were completed with openhole, ball-drop packer assemblies. A polymer mud system was used, as well as a water-based frac. The minimum pumping rate was 0.6 cubic metres per minute, and each frac was 3.5 tonnes. “We used a very low pump rate to reduce the chances of fracking out of zone,� he said. Well A had 20 frac stages with a 70 metre spacing. Each of the 20 stages used 1.5 tonnes of proppant. Well B had 30 frac stages, 15 per leg, with an 86 metre spacing. One stage near the sidetrack was a 1.5 tonne frac. Initial production numbers were poor. “Both wells initially came on at zero barrels per day of oil,� he said. Well A’s initial production after 30 days was 9.4 barrels per day. Well B produced just one barrel per day after 30 days. Well A had a water cut of 97 per cent, and Well B had a 99 per cent water cut.

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“These production results showed we were likely intersecting some natural fractures radiating from the crater. We

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drilled out Well A and put a bridge plug at 2800 metres measured depth. That put the toe of the well 800 metres

from the impact site, reducing the chance of natural fractures intersecting the wellbore. X Page B4

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/LJKWVWUHDP GULOOHG WZR ZHOOV W Page B3 On Well B, a bridge plug was set to shut off the south leg to prevent water inflow. On Well A, that ended up shutting down their oil production, reducing it to two barrels per day over 120 days, while water production was 193 barrels per day. The conclusion reached was the plug had been set too close to the crater, and that water-bearing fractures are still in communication with the wellbore. Well B’s oil production improved to 14 barrels per day over 120 days. “It was a screamer,�

he joked sarcastically. Water production was 216 barrels per day over 120 days. Axani said large fracture networks could possibly be intersecting both wellbores, since plugging the southern leg did not stop the water. Future possible work includes moving bridge plugs to shut off the water and running imaging tools down the wellbore to detect the exact location of fractures. “Future drills will use what we’ve learned about the area to optimize completions to reduce the chance of re-stimulating any water-bearing natural fractures,� Axani

said. The project improved communication between the disciplines within the company. “We actually purchased more seismic data following these production results and that showed the radial impacts of the crater itself was more than we expected,� he said. For future wellbores, they plan on running more imaging tools through the wellbore prior to completing it. They’ll also test for water production right off the bat. Micro-imaging logs, geologic cores, drill chip samples and wellbore

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cameras are also useful in detecting drilling operations. Describing the “beauty of seismic data,� Axani said incoherence can be used to identify differences in seismic traces. By avoiding natural fractures in other areas, they tend to see twice the oil production and up to have the water cut after 90 days of production. In his conclusions, Axani said these wells show there is no simple fix when it comes to producing unconventional reservoirs in naturally fractured areas. Companies can apply new completion technologies to provide better zone isolation and reduce the probability of stimulating water-bearing natural fractures. Using new modelling and imaging technologies maximizes the full potential of wells by optimizing their orientations and stimulations to avoid areas with higher natural fracture occurrences. “It is pretty cool. There’s a bunch of these all over the world,� Axani said after his presentation. It happened about 190 million years ago, plus or minus 20 million years, he said.

“I think it was continental, with river dominant,� he said. “Dry land.� “If there had been a water impact, it would have decimated the water creatures, and you would have seen a line. Water wouldn’t have slowed it down much.� “The thought is it came from the northeast and hit in the southwest direction.� As for the explosion, he said, “It would have been quite significant. There would have been a lot of devastation around it. “Any kind of impact like that, you’re going to cause an alteration on the ecosystem in the area,� Axani said. “Part of the issue is there’s not much literature on the Viewfield Crater. There’s some old studies from wells that were drilled 50 years ago that talk about it.� The Bakken formation, approximately 500 metres below the crater it is nearly twice as old as the impact. It was laid down during the early Mississippian to late Devonian in age, approximately 360 million years old. The oil in southeast Saskatchewan is believed to have formed in the “kitchen� in northwest North Dakota around Williston, and flowed northward over time. So was there oil there already when the Bakken already when the impact occurred? “We’re talking about 200 million years of burial and migration at that point.� “There’s a lot of debate about this.� “You have to remember this whole region is oil-charged, with relatively the same saturation in the entire region. One of my debates with the idea

that the crater would have created a trap is it’s unlikely, because you’re if pulling oil from here, and you have radial fractures around the impact site, your oil preferentially be pooled up. The likelihood you would see more and more oil into the crater would be less. It could also happen over time with water flowing through the fractures with the oil in the area. “What we’re seeing is the reservoir is still pretty parched around it, so I don’t know. It would actually prevent more oil accumulation then it would add to it.� So is the Viewfield pool there because of the crater? “Not, it’s not there at all because of the crater. The Viewfield field is there because of reservoir quality,� Axani said. There’s Frobisher and Winnipegosis wells on the rim, he noted. “There’s quite a few wells.� A bilateral well will cost around $2.8 million to complete, and a single leg well goes for about $1.9 million. So was it worth the cost? “It was bit of everything. There’s strategic reasons I can’t divulge that we wanted to be exploring this area bit more. Understanding the fractures has been an ongoing project with Crescent Point, Legacy and us, trying to understand how to better predict them and understand them. “It’s a prime example of a controlled area where we know where the fractures are.� “I think we gained a lot of knowledge, and I think the benefit was worth the cost. There’s more we gained from it that can’t be publicly disclosed. We did gain a fair bit of benefit,� Axani concluded.

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Isobrine, an Edmonton-based company, is doing the analysis. Isobrine does highly specialized isotope analysis of formation water. One of the partners in Isobrine, Dr. Ben Rostron, is also doing the water analysis work on the Aquistore project. Rostron was Jensen’s faculty adviser when he took his master’s degree. Samples are taken directly from the wellhead. Punching numbers based on their test wells, two wells producing from the Birdbear Formation in southeastern Saskatchewan could optimally produce 7.8 kilograms of lithium per day, based on 100 per cent extraction. Lithium prices have shot up like a hockey stick graph in recent years to over $6,000 per tonne. “Now we’re going to the Kindersley and Shaunavon areas next,� Jensen said of the next phase of testing. Extraction processes are being researched in Alberta, he added. A company called Iofina is

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looking at iodine, for instance. The idea is to look at portable extraction units for these trace elements, likely to be deployed as a battery process for numerous wells. A similar concept has been CanGas Solution’s portable compression units that capture solution natural gas at wellsite for use in powering drilling rigs. “Maybe oil companies will be interested, or other companies,� Jensen said. “We’re thinking outside the box. I know people don’t view brine as a resource.� There’s an opportunity to perhaps get an economic benefit from something that is otherwise considered a waste product, to be disposed of. Jensen is also working on putting together a province-wide chemistry map for total dissolved solids, and a pressure map for fresh water. This would include “virgin� formation pressures. “It gives a sense of the flow path of the oil and water,� Jensen concluded.

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Regina – Lithium, the lightest metal, is becoming an increasingly important mineral in our everyday lives. Odds are, you are carrying some in your pocket, either powering your cellphone, tablet or almost any other rechargeable device. Lithiumion batteries are desirable for their high energy density, light weight and most importantly, their lack of a pronounced “memory effect.� Lithium is a trace element that’s relatively common in nature, but rare in economic quantities. According the Royal Society of Chemistry website, “Lithium does not occur as the metal in nature, but is found combined in small amounts of nearly all igneous rocks and in the waters of many mineral springs.� Salt flats in Chile account for a little over onethird of the world’s lithium production. Australia is a close second, according to Merchant Research and Consulting Ltd. of Birmingham, U.K. Gavin Jensen, a geologist with the provincial government’s Petroleum Geology Unit, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, part of the Ministry of the Economy, thinks there may be an opportunity to extract lithium from oilwell produced water. “I did my master’s thesis on brine chemistry,� Jensen said. He focused on brines in Saskatchewan, North Dakota, Montana and Manitoba in the Midale, Frobisher and Ratcliffe formations (known collectively as the Madison formation in the United States). Two to three years ago there was an interest expressed in trace elements from produced water, he said. “What we did was start to look at the lower Paleozoic – Red River, Winnipegoisis and Birdbear.� They also looked at the Duperow, but there are only two Duperow wells in the province, in southeast Saskatchewan, Jensen noted. “We started in the southeast.� “Oil companies look at sodium, calcium, magnesium and chloride. They typically don’t look at minor elements. Analysis of highly saline brines has improved greatly over the last 10 years.� There’s little data published for trace minerals such as lithium, iodine and bromine, Jensen pointed out. Since produced water has to be re-injected, perhaps there’s an opportunity to see if a profit can be derived from extracting trace elements. A hybrid car battery requires 17 kilograms of lithium, he cited as an example. Jensen pointed to one study that showed total worldwide demand for lithium is expected to nearly triple from 2011 to 2020. Testing in southeast Saskatchewan found the Red River Formation had nine to 12 milligrams per litre, while the Winnipegosis had 12 to 21, and the Birdbear had 21 to 31.

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,PSDFW FUDWHU H[SORUHU WRRN D ORRN DW 9LHZÀHOG „ By Brian Zinchuk Ottawa – What does a retired Nortel semiconductor expert do for kicks? Get in his plane and tool about Saskatchewan, looking at craters. On July 20, 2009, he flew over the Viewfield Crater, southwest of Stoughton. Chuck O’Dale spent nearly 35 years working with Nortel Networks, where he managed the semiconductor failure analysis lab until 2004. He then has his own semiconductor failure analysis company, Voltage Contrast EBT, Inc. These days he escorts vehicles driving on airport runways and aprons and de-ices airplanes in winter. In his early years, he was an electronic warfare technician for six years with the Royal Cana-

dian Navy, followed by and 30 years in the reserves, retiring as at chief petty officer second class. His education is not in geology, however. O’Dale is an electronics technologist. He’s been a crater explorer for 23 years, though. He’s very active with the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, and has done presentations on his crater explorations. In 2009 O’Dale got in his orange Cessna 177B and flew west. His plane’s call letters are C-GOZM, or as O’Dell affectionately calls it, GO ZooM. On that trip he flew over Alberta’s known craters, including Whitecourt, as well as the three in southern Saskatchewan – Viewfield, Elbow and Maple Creek.

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“I put in the latitude and longitude into the GPS and took a picture,� he said. Over the years, O’Dale has flown over all but three of Canada’s known impact craters. The last three are out of the range of his airplane. He’s visited about half of those craters on the ground. One trip in Quebec involved getting marooned on an island in the centre of the crater until the wind died down long enough to canoe back to shore. “I do outreach for the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,� he said. One a presentation before the RASC at Canadian Science and Technology Museum in Ottawa in 2011 was recorded and put on YouTube. The presentation can be found at http://youtu.be/JBg0u73fuWw. “It’s not a case if it’s going to happen, but when. The dinosaurs didn’t have a space program. We better get buckin’ on here,� O’Dale said in his introduction. He shows photos of recent impacts on the moon, Mars and Jupiter, describing the solar system as a shooting gallery. “Jupiter just a little while ago got hit as well.� “There’s over 250 craters known on this planet. Within a day’s driving distance of where you’re sitting right now (in Ottawa), there’s 10 craters you can visit.� Identifying craters generally means looking for circular objects. He noted one in Egypt was recently found via Google Earth. The Pingualuit Impact Structure northern Quebec was found by American pilots during the Second World War. It’s approximately 1.4 million years old. Despite several glaciations, it is clearly visible. O’Dale and a colleague took GO ZooM up to this crater in 2001, flying at the very limits of the Cessna’s endurance. In 2008, he was able to camp at it after an airstrip was built nearby, chartering a Twin Otter. Shattered rock is another indication of a crater, as is breccia. Impact melt is also found, he noted, pointing to the Manicouagan Crater in Quebec, a crater so large it is easily identifiable on maps and satellite pictures. Shatter cones are unique to very high impact explosions, such as nuclear or impacts, he noted. The largest identified shatter cone on the planet is at Slate Island in Ontario, on the northern shore of Lake Superior. A photo of O’Dale against the 10 metre tall cone shows how truly massive the forces of such an impact can be. Among his writings on the RASC webpage (http://ottawa-rasc.ca) is an analysis showing impact craters whose estimated dates roughly correspond with mass extinction events. Two impact craters, the Viewfield, and the Red Wing, near Watford City, North Dakota, have dates whose margins of error overlap with each other as well as the Triassic-Jurassic extinction 201.3 million years ago. They “may� be related that extinction event, he noted, with a stress on the “may.� X Page B7

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707,305, 5,>: 1HU\HY` would have been like when the Viewfield impact occurred, he said, “Relatively speaking, it was small. But it was a whack of a hit when it hit.� Asked what it would have been like at Estevan, about a halfhour drive away, he said, “You would have been fried.� Indeed, a large portion of southern Saskatchewan would have felt the immediate effects, O’Dale said. Arriving at cosmic velocity, the large area of com-

pressed, superheated air would have been devastating, in addition to the explosion. “This is a very young science. It started in the 1950s,� O’Dale said. That was when the Barrington Crater, also known as “Meteor Crater,� near Flagstaff, Arizona, was determined to be an impact crater. “The Geological Survey of Canada started looking at round structures from aerial pictures,� he said, but added the government

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is now out of the impact crater business. North America has been searched from top to bottom in the quest for oil. Asia and Africa are the most likely prospect for finding additional impact craters. With what happened in Russia on Feb. 15, 2013, the world is wondering could this happen again? “It’s going to happen. When it happens, we don’t know. Barrington was 50,000 years ago. Whitecourt was 1,000 years ago.�

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W Page B6 The Red Wing crater is 9.1 kilometres in diameter, substantially larger than Viewfield, but not that large in comparison to massive craters found elsewhere. It is also buried about 2,000 metres deep, twice the depth of Viewfield. The depth discrepancy is not that surprising, however, since the Viewfield Bakken Pool is approximately 1,600 metres deep, while the Bakken around Watford

City is closer to 3,200 metres, twice as deep. In July 1994, the Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet broke into numerous pieces and plowed into Jupiter. Is there a coincidence regarding the Viewfield and Red Wing Craters? Possibly according to O’Dale. “Red Wing is also associated with another string of craters as well, including St. Martin in Manitoba and Manicouagan in Quebec. The margin of uncertainty

overlaps. It’s a hypothesis that would take some study to prove,� O’Dale said on Dec. 15 via phone from Ottawa. Regarding what it

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/LIH LQ WKH UHDO ZRUOG IRU IRUPHU SOD\HUV „ By Brian Zinchuk Regina - Joe Lobendahn started playing with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers in 2008. He wore blue for four seasons before being released. In 2012 he signed with the Calgary Stampeders and spent training camp and the first few weeks there before being picked up by the Saskatchewan Roughriders. These days he’s playing for a different team, A&B Pipeliners. He signed on with them in early 2013. Brent Hawkins is another former Rider that has joined the A&B team. Hawkins is originally a farm boy from Illinois. After attending Purdue University and Illinois State University, he played the 2006 and 2007 seasons with the NFL’s Jacksonville Jaguars as a defensive end. He was signed as a free agent by the Roughriders in 2010, gaining 31 tackles and three sacks. But a right shoulder injury before the beginning of the 2011 season put him out for the 2011 season. He played 14 games in the 2012 season and retired in May 2013 from the CFL. Hawkins and Lobendahn sat down with Pipeline News on Nov. 28 in Lobendahn’s office with A&B. He’s now a sales person, having moved up from a labourer a few months ago. Both are 30, and have entered the “real world,� post-football. The two are part of a growing number of former players or current players, who, in the off-season, have found work with A&B. Others include Johan Asiata, David Veikune, Chris McKenzie and Clinton Kent (a former Edmonton Eskimo). Tearrius George and Macho Harris both played on the Grey Cup-winning 2013 team, and are expected to come back to A&B in the off-season, according to Hawkins and Lobendahn. All-in-all, that makes for an impressive number of players already with the firm, and more are calling all the time, according to regional manager Jesse McMullen (see related story Page B18)

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Lobendahn was working in Winnipeg and leaning towards picking up pipefitting as a trade. He got hold of Asiata and Veikune, who talked to McMullen, eventually leading to his current job. Asked why they have come to A&B, Hawkins said, “The reason is we’re used to working with our hands, and being outside. It’s like being on a team.� Hawkins works as a labourer in the Regina shop, having been with the company for three months by the end of November. Regina is a satellite of A&B’s Alberta operations. Lobendahn said, “Especially in the oil business, Saskatchewan now is like Alberta was 10 to 15 years ago. It can only get better. Why would I go back home?� Hawkins added, “... where the government is struggling? Saskatchewan is a good place to raise your kids. You don’t have a school shot up every week. The family values is what attracted me to stay.� Home for Lobendahn is Hawaii. Whereas Canadians often struggles with the perception of everyone living in igloos, Hawaii is seen as everyone living in grass huts and “pineapples on trees,� he said. Pineapples grow underground. X Page B9

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707,305, 5,>: 1HU\HY` W Page B8 Lobendahn is of Samoan and German ancestry. His parents sacrificed a lot to get him where is he is, paying for private schools. His dad is a bus driver and his mom manages the print shop for the State of Hawaii. Lobendahn said, “My parents scarified a lot to put us in private schools.� Hawkins as an associate degree in art, with a semester left in political science. “I’m from Jerseyville, Illinois. It looks just like Saskatchewan. I’m a farm boy. Wheat, corn, cattle, that was about it.� That farm experience has come in handy, he said, as he’s comfortable moving heavy equipment around. Between his NFL and CFL days, Hawkins worked for Conoco-Phillips as a labourer at their Wood River Illinois refinery. Lobendahn, a middle linebacker, went to the University of Washington on a football scholarship. He has a bachelor’s degree in ethnic studies, with a minor in communications. The pair later found out they actually played against each other at one time during their college days. In keeping with having spent four years playing with Winnipeg, Lobendahn’s wife and kids are in Winnipeg. He commutes back to Winnipeg on weekends. That’s not easy, but he said, “At the same time, it’s a great job. A&B gave me this opportunity and I couldn’t pass it up.� Having played with both the Bombers and the Riders helps in that his sales area is Manitoba and Saskatchewan. He initially worked as a labourer at Cromer, Man. By the end of November, he had spent five months in sales with A&B. There’s a lot of recognition in the general public. Lobendahn said in Manitoba, “A lot of people recognize me because I was there for so many years. But in Saskatchewan, people not only recognize you, but are willing to help you. They love to have former players.� He’s considering moving his family to Regina. There’s a reason players are looking for work as soon as the season is over. Asked about the differences between playing in the NFL and CFL, Hawkins acknowledged there is a huge difference in pay. “You come up here because you love to play,� he said. In sharp contrast to the CFL lifestyle, he said the movie Any Given Sunday hit the nail on the head in portraying life in the NFL. “It’s exactly like that - Any Given Sunday - the parties, too. I was shocked how close (the movie) was. “The NFL still had beer in the locker room. It was a lot different,� he said, talking of fridges in the locker room full of beer. Lobendahn attended camp with the Detroit Lions in 2007, but didn’t play that season. “Coming from the NFL to the CFL is a humbling experience,� Hawkins said.

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“When I got released (from the NFL), shortly afterwards I met my wife. Six months later she said, ‘I’m pregnant,’ and that was it. You have to think

about what you are going to do with your life. All the selfish stuff went out the door.� X Page B10

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1)/ WR &)/ WUDQVLWLRQ LV D KXPEOLQJ H[SHULHQFH W Page B9 Hawkins started working at the refinery, and he would see his buddies still playing on TV. He called an agent and got hooked up with the Riders. His wife decided to become a personal trainer, and Hawkins found he was good at it, too. Hawkins’s wife Andrea has set up a fitness studio in Regina called Hawkins All-Pro Fitness. It’s been open for a year. They both work in the family business. Hawkins noted that opening a business improves eligibility for permanent resident status in Canada. Lobendahn said getting permanent resident status takes a lot of paperwork and time. Both are seeking that status. “Joe and I are trying to make a career out of this,� Hawkins said. Lobendahn added, “I make Canada home. “I think the economy is great. There’s not a lot of good jobs in Hawaii.� Indeed, Lobendahn has assisted his older brother in coming to Canada to work. “I encouraged him. It was a big decision. He still has to provide for his family. “This is the land of opportunity.� Hawkins said, “It used to be the States.� “We have a lot of friends that struggle with the transition from an elite athlete to real work. We have to start at the bottom,� Lobendahn said. During their football days, they were always under a microscope, Lobendahn added. Hawkins did keep a finger in the football pie, working with the CBC as a panelist all season during their football coverage. “I was broadcasting for a week straight,� he said of the run-up to the Grey Cup. Neither attended the game, however. “It was good to see the boys bring it, but I guess I wish I could have been with them to lift up the trophy.� he lamented. The oilpatch is like football in that there’s competition, Lobendahn said. “We realize it’s a cutthroat business. We’re always looking behind us. We’re not promised a paycheque the next day.�

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A treasure-trove of knowledge „ By Brian Zinchuk Regina –Saskatchewan’s oil and gas resources are a provincial treasure, in a metaphorical and real sense. Key to the development of those resources are the Ministry of Economy’s geological records kept in Regina, as well as the geologists who specialize in their analysis and interpretation. Some of the ministry’s provincial geologists spoke to Pipeline News on Nov. 28, including Gary Delaney, chief geologist for the Ministry of the Econo-

my, and Arden Marsh, Chao Yang and Dan Kohlruss, research petroleum geologists. They work with the Saskatchewan Geological Survey, part of the Ministry of Economy. “At a high level, we’re responsible for the province’s geoscience, to support the exploration and development of our petroleum and mineral resources. We’re keepers of the province’s geoscience database. That’s everything from reports to core to well logs,� Delaney said. “We not only keep

the database, we’re doing research that improves understanding of the geology – the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin and the Precambrian Shield. Really that helps industry focus the work they’re doing. “The Survey is 40 people in total. That’s geologists, technicians and support staff. We’re broken into the petroleum geology unit and the staff that operate Subsurface Lab here and we have a couple of work units downtown (Regina) as well.� The Saskatchewan core repository, formally known as the Subsurface Geological Laboratory, and less formally known as the core lab, hosts a large collection of core samples taken in southern Saskatchewan, most in search of oil, gas or potash. The low-slung building on Regina’s Dewdney Avenue, includes a long, cold warehouse, one that has been expanded considerably over its 50 plus year existence. As it expands, this unassuming building has housed a priceless, and in many ways irreplaceable body of knowledge about what is beneath our feet in Saskatchewan. Working within it are the gatekeepers of that knowledge. The core lab deals

strictly with geology and archiving material that comes from oil and gas drilling, as well as potash.

Mining in the north comes under a different set of regulations, and cores recovered during hard rock exploration

are generally kept in the La Ronge core storage facility on a voluntary basis. X Page B13

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tĹ˝ĆŒĹŹÄžĆŒĆ? Ä‚Ćš ƚŚĞ Ä?Ĺ˝ĆŒÄž ĹŻÄ‚Ä? ĹŻĹ?ĹŒ Ä‚ ůŽƚ ŽĨ ŚĞĂǀLJ Ä?ŽdžĞĆ? ÄžÇ€ÄžĆŒÇ‡ ĚĂLJ Ć?Ĺ˝ ƚŚĂƚ Ĺ?ÄžŽůŽĹ?Ĺ?Ć?ĆšĆ? Ä?Ä‚Ĺś ůŽŽŏ ĨŽĆŒ ĹšĹ?ĚĚĞŜ Ä?ůƾĞĆ? Ĺ?Ĺś ƚŚĞ Ä?Ĺ˝ĆŒÄžÍ˜

W Page B11 Core, under the oil and gas regulations, belongs to the government. The repository is a library of sorts for three main forms of information, as data and as physical samples. They are logs, drill cuttings samples, and core. Core labs are becoming pretty scarce in the United States, Delaney said. A lot have been shut down. He noted, “This was the first core lab in Canada and one of the first in North America. It’s still considered a model. A year-and-ahalf ago we had a group in from China looking at this and how we run it. “Look at the oil industry in China. There’s three major oil companies, two of whom are active mostly in China and one provincial company. When they drill core, they keep the core, they keep the logs. Nobody sees it. The Chinese are blown

away, as are many other countries, that we have this model. “All of this information gathered by industry is paid back to the people of the province as rent. By having highquality, easily-accessible information, and the geological expertise we have here that goes with it, it really gives us a competitive advantage,� Delaney said. “I would say we have a very good reputation for the quality of our people, for the quality of our information.� “There’s a land sale next week, and there’s people here. We have six a year. It’s key to the bidding process, coming out here and working, trying to develop the potential of land they want to work on,� he said. A large portion of the land that was acquired in the billion dollar sale of 2008 has not yet been developed and will return to the Crown on March 31.In

the meantime, land sales have been depressed. Are companies waiting for that land to come open again? Kohlruss said, “I think lots of people have that on their mind, that eventually some has to come back. Really, the land was tied up in a big way in the Viewfield, what people would consider the Bakken play, in the southeast. Certainly people have been waiting for stuff to come back to the Crown. I would agree with that.� X Page B14

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Well logs and drill cutting samples W Page B13 While the active drilling rig count has been down over the summer and fall of 2013 compared to the previous two years, Marsh said, “Based on the well count, we’re not far off from the average of the last five years.� Production well numbers have not really been dropping. Well logs Part of the records are the geophysical logs from essentially all oil and gas wells drilled in Saskatchewan. While some newer forms of logging are submitted on a voluntary basis, other forms are mandatory. A large library of paper records has now been boxed and are sitting out in the warehouse. They are pulled in occasionally for the rare request to view them from industry or the data providers. Paper logs were used in the days long before computerization. Paper records tend to be out of vogue these days, however. A commercial supplier has scanned all the logs, and makes them available, for a price.

Drill Cuttings Samples At set intervals, e.g., every five metres, samples are collected at the drilling rig, usually a responsibility of the on-site geologist. These samples will be collected by the rig hands, and brought to the geologist to analyze. When drilling happens, they use a circulating mud system to control the pressure and cool the bit. The mud brings back the cuttings the rock chips the grindings to the surface. It goes through a sieve. The geologist will look at it under a microscope on site, and make sure there is nothing unexpected about the formations that are being drilled into. These drill cutting samples are usually collected on the first well in a section, or if there’s a second well that’s substantially deeper than the first. They come in small vials. The drilling mud has to be cleaned off. The lab gets two sets of vials. One set goes to the Geological Survey of Canada in Calgary. That second set is essentially a backup. The vials are stored in tall cabinets with dozens of shelves, all tightly packed. X Page B15

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In the ultraviolet room, geologists can look for the telltale glow of hydrocarbons.

707,305, 5,>: 1HU\HY` W Page B14 Core There is no off -site backup for the core, there’s only one set, and it rests in countless boxes stacked on heavy steel racks about 4 metres tall. One shivers in the unheated warehouse, with rows upon rows of core that look like they belong in an Indiana Jones movie. The geologists joke about the Ark of the Covenant being in somewhere in the back, like in Raiders of the Lost Ark. In many ways, this is a priceless and irreplaceable physical source of knowledge. Companies are supposed to obtain permission if they wish to remove core from the province. That permission is pretty much a given, but the government wants it back, just like a library wants its books back. They also want it in one piece, sort of. While plugs can be taken from core, destructive testing is not normally allowed, except in rare cases for potash or oilsands work. Public good Companies and government saw the value of having a central repository, so it was established in the 1950s. At first the repository was in another building. The current building was built in 1958. Cores are usually about 18 m in length, and are kept in 12 to 14 core boxes, made of cardboard. A few old wooden boxes can be seen on the racks of the repository, but not many. They take a lot of room, so much so that the repository has expanded in

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1957, 1960, 1964, 1986, 1997, 2005 and 2012. Confidentiality All the information for what is considered a wildcat well is considered confidential for a year. Anything that’s a development well is confidential for 30 days. It means that the geologists have to be careful about what they say and to whom. When that confidentiality period is up, however, it is fair game to whomever wants to look at it. A representative for BP Alaska at the 2008 Lloydminster Heavy Oil Symposium noted with some marvel at how accessible such records are. While most of the core is examined in a large room with long roller tables, there’s a special confidential room for looking at core in private. In there, core can be analyzed without prying eyes or having conversations overheard. Near the confidential room is a lab where thin slices of rock can be cut, meant for examination under a microscope.

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Lake said there is an implication of a change in the next stratigragh. “It shows you what the cycles were doing. They were deposited in cycles. This is a predictive tool to look for more oil.� “The reason this is important is when you go out beyond the subcrop edge, we lose the stratigraphic markers that define the formation. The depositional environment gives predictability.� While he spends most of his time at the core lab, Lake does get out in the field on occasion. An interesting core cutting he supervised in recent years was smack dab in the centre of the Viewfield Crater. “It was an exploratory well,� he said. (See related story page B1) “I’ve done quite a few wells. I used to do 10 to 12 a year. I’m doing one at Alida before Christmas,� he said on Nov. 28. At 64 years old, he’s not thinking of retirement yet. Referring to the geology that keeps his interest, Lake said, “The big question is what is the next generation going to drill? “I haven’t figured it out yet. That’s the reason I’m still here.�

„ By Brian Zinchuk Regina - The Saskatchewan Subsurface Geological Laboratory, or core lab, is the central repository of the province’s geological records. That’s where all the core, drill cuttings and drilling logs are kept. The man who arguably spends more time analyzing that core than anyone else is geologist John Lake Lake’s company, Lake Geological Services Inc., is a oneman operation based in Swift Current. However, he spends much of his time living at Odessa, near Regina. “I used to work for SaskOil,� he said, while standing between the last two tables in the core lab’s examination room. Those roller tables are used to take a close look at various core samples brought in for geologists’ examination. “I’ve used these two tables for years.� “I started there in Regina, and they moved me to Swift Current. They were moving to Calgary, so I left and went on my own in 1995,� he said. Lake grew up in Toronto. “I started with Mobil Oil in Saskatchewan in 1983,� he said. The east end of the examination room is festooned with Lake’s posters. In the geological world, posters describing formations are a key product geologists produce. Lake spends over 200 days a year in the lab, more than a student in elementary school. “I look at them all,� he said of the core. “I volunteer every year and do at least one core display at the Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists in Calgary. Every other year I do the Williston Basin Petroleum Conference here. This year I did a new model for the depositional environment in the Mississippian.� It was a joint venture with Don Kent. “We teamed up on this,� Lake said, showing off the large poster that was the result. Other geologists can use the findings of such poster to assist in their own search for resources. “The Frobisher Evapourite is part of the Midale Beds, and the Midale Evapourite is the base of the Radcliffe Beds.

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When the lockers are cleared out, it’s time to go to work DÄ‚Ä?ŚŽ ,Ä‚ĆŒĆŒĹ?Ć? Ä?ĞůĞÄ?ĆŒÄ‚ĆšÄžĆ? ŽŜ ƚŚĞ ÄŽÄžĹŻÄšÍ˜ KÄŤ ƚŚĞ ĎĞůĚ͕ ŚĞ͛Ć? Ä‚ ƉĹ?ƉĞůĹ?ĹśÄžĆŒÍ˜ Photo courtesy Saskatchewan Roughriders

57 years strong, A & B is a committed employer in the communities where we operate. We are very proud to call Regina home.

„ By Brian Zinchuk Regina - With the Grey Cup now secured, it’s time for the Roughriders to go to work. Not work in the football sense, but in the pack your lunch pail and hard hat sense. One oilpatch company that set up shop in Regina a few years ago must be doing something right, because the calls just keep coming. A&B Pipeliners has been around for 57 years, and in 2011 set up a presence in Regina, quite literally in the shadow of the Evraz plant. Maybe it’s because their corporate colour is green, or maybe it’s because of good oilpatch pay, or perhaps it’s the sense of teamwork, but this company has been flooded with calls from former Riders and off-season players looking for work. Jesse McMullen, A&B’s regional manager in Regina, said on Nov. 28, “Two came in today. They called before they cleaned out their lockers. They call pretty consistently.â€? ɸ Page B19

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Tearrius Greorge takes a run at the Stampeders quarterback. Photo courtesy Saskatchewan Roughriders

Éş Page B18 The reality is that while the CFL may be Canada’s game, it does not pay like the NFL. When the season is over, players need to pay the power bill. It all started with Tristin Jackson, who worked with A&B in Alberta and has family in Edmonton. Tearrius George and Macho Harris were also part of the first swath, working with A&B at the conclusion of the 2012 season. Both of them now have 2013 Grey Cup rings, and have positions open for them if they wish to return. “I think they’re hard workers. They’re guys who want to stick around.â€? A&B’s Regina-based workforce varies from 40 to 60 people, and works as far away as the Waskada field in southwest Manitoba. In 2012 the company constructed the Bengough spread of the new Vantage Pipeline. They also do a lot of work for TransGas. Asked how they became so popular, McMullen said, “Originally I spoke to Chris McKenzie. He passed my number on. I’ve got 19 numbers on my phone. They’ll come in a group of four at a time.â€? Unfortunately, there’s a limit to

how many green hands can be hired at once, so as to not dilute the overall experience of a crew. That’s green, as in inexperienced, not green is the colour, football is the game. As current workers gain experience and work their way up the totem pole, that allows others to join the ranks. “All are hard workers. They don’t show up with attitude problems They listen. They’re generally good guys,â€? McMullen said. Carey Arnett, vice-president of corporate development, said, “We think that the Roughriders are the greatest thing to happen to pipelining since the exodus of the hardworking farm-hand.  â€œWe are trying to be professional pipeliners, and the Roughriders fit in great. They are hard-working, they are used to being coached, and make no mistake - they are professional.  â€œIn this country it's hard to support a family on fancy footwork alone; so we have been the lucky beneficiary of their physical finesse in the offseason. They keep in shape, and make great money while doing so.  â€œWe’ve simply replaced the huddle with the tail-gate meeting and the rest is history,â€? she concluded.

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Tuscany improves production The third quarter acquisition of Diaz Resources Ltd. and the start of development of two of its heavy oil properties in Saskatchewan helped Tuscany Energy Ltd. to increase production year-overyear. The company’s output for the third quarter of 2013 averaged 613 boepd compared with 308 boepd for the same period last year. Tuscany’s production in October exceeded 750 boepd. The acquisition of Diaz increased Tuscany’s average production in the quarter by 244 boepd, simplified the company’s operations and increased management’s flexibility to undertake development operations in Saskatchewan.

After completing the Diaz acquisition, Tuscany drilled two new heavy oil wells (1.2 net wells) at Evesham and one 100 per cent well at Macklin, Sask. All three wells were on production in September 2013 and these wells added 237 boepd to Tuscany’s September production. Based on performance to date, the two new wells at Evesham are the best wells that the company has drilled to date in the pool. Tuscany said it anticipates a normal decline from the initial rates from the new wells but is very pleased with the results so far. As a result of the current low heavy oil price, the company will delay major capital expenditures until early

2014. Tuscany said it plans to achieve sound 2014 growth by drilling additional wells in the spring in order to tie-in new production at a time of the higher anticipated oil prices.

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Prospects for oilsands development in Saskatchewan „ By Brian Zinchuk Regina – There’s a lot of hope, and perhaps trepidation, about Saskatchewan’s oilsands. For several years we heard of Oilsands Quest’s efforts, but they went silent as the company ran out of money and Cenovus bought its assets in Saskatchewan. So what do we have when it comes to oilsands, and what is happening now? And could there be other areas we should be looking at? Dan Kohlruss is the geologist within the Ministry of the Economy who specializes in oilsands. He works at the Saskatchewan Subsurface Geological Laboratory, or core lab, in Regina. “There hasn’t been a well drilled for several years,â€? Kohlruss said, noting there were 355 wells drilled in pursuit of oilsands in the extreme northwest corner of the province, across the line from the Alberta Athabasca oilsands play. “I did my whole master’s thesis on that area of the world. In total I logged about 270 wells, about 100 had core.â€? One would think having such an intimate knowledge of such an important resource could be a money-maker for a geologist, but Kohlruss said, “That’s the catch-22 as a provincial geologist. You’re doing it because you love it. Whether you find a big find, the gratification is for the good of the province.â€? Saskatchewan’s oilsands, whose stratigraphy’s formal name is the Mannville Group, are very similar to what is seen on the other side of the Alberta border, but there’s also a problem, with no cap rock. Cap rock is a impermeable layer of rock above an oil-bearing formation that keeps oil from rising to the surface. Typically the sand will have a shale above it, and the shale acts as a cap. The Mannville Group is made-up of sands and shale (with some coal). The Mannville Group also hosts the Heavy oil in the Lloydminster area. Cap rock is also crucial in steam-assisted gravity drainage, or SAGD, as it essentially bottles up the steam, keeping it from rising to the surface. SAGD relies on high temperature and pressure, he explained. “You can’t get that pressure without a cap rock,â€? Kohlruss said. “That’s the major holdback on the Saskatchewan side.â€? “Ultimate recovery is a tough thing to estimate,â€? he said. Resource estimates indicate there may be between one and two billion barrels of oil. “The other side of that is the resource is everything that’s there, everything you can imagine. But it doesn’t take into account recovery. I don’t know what the ultimate recovery will be if you can recover it. “The Mannville in the Lloydminster area and Bakken in the southeast are so technologically driven to get it out of the ground,â€? he said. Even with today’s technology, the vast majority of the oil still remains in the ground in any particular pool. Kohlruss completed a pool study to see what is there in the oilsands. “I like the idea of pool-scale studies, especially in the Mannville,â€? he said. “You can get a framework for future development of that 80 or 90 per cent left behind.â€? In that case, a study might encompass 10 pools, as opposed to looking at the whole province or the southwest. Kohlruss noted that there’s little distinction between the heavy oil play around Lloydminster and the oilsands to the north. “It’s the same stratigraphy, it’s the continuation of the same trap. As a ministry, we call it the heavy oil area (around Lloydminster). It’s sand that’s full of heavy oil.â€? He’s putting together models similar to what was done in the Saskatchewan oilsands. A paper is expected to be put out shortly. One of the products provincial geologists put out are “prospects,â€? short, detailed discussion papers detailing interesting geological areas. The intention is to suggest to exploration companies something along the lines of, “Hey, you might want to look at this.â€? ɸ Page B21

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Geologist Dan Kohlruss points to an area in northwest Saskatchewan he says could possibly have oilsands. Photo by Brian Zinchuk

You want that cap. That’s why I’m trying to push people further south, where it’s a little deeper, and your cap would be preserved.� As for the Oilsands Quest area, there is no assigned geographic name for it just yet. That’s something Kohlruss is working on. Axe Lake had been used. Usually areas are named after an identifiable feature on a 1:50,000 scale map, and there’s no Axe Lake on it. Simonson Lake is a possibility, he suggested.

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Éş Page B20 Oil now found in the oilsands was formed along the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains, and flowed easterly until it was trapped along the salt dissolution edge of the prairie evaporite. Kohlruss asked, “Could it have filled the trap and then bypassed it? Basically, the cup is full, and it has nowhere to go but up. “I’m waving my arms and saying possibly there could be more oilsands in a line to the southeast of the Oilsands Quest area.â€? The oilsands potential area would be north of the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range. “The tricky part is they could be in narrow, discrete valleys. You might have these linear features that could have sand, if it’s preserved, that could have oil. That’s a model. “There has been land recently picked up in land sales right along the border. It’s like, let’s get as close to Alberta as possible. My suggestion is, maybe that’s not the best model. Try to find it where it’s going to get pinched out and trapped, at the Mannville Group edge.â€? There are not a lot of wells in the region to look at, just 70 or so, for a massive area. “You could miss one of these discrete channels quite easily,â€? Kohlruss said. Would it be shallower than Oilsands Quest’s deposits? “I don’t know,â€? he said. “I would hope not, because you would lose your cap.

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6RXWKHUQ 3DFLĂ€F KXGGOHV RYHU IXQGLQJ Calgary – Southern Pacific Resource Corp. is huddling to consider its financial options as it needs capital to develop its STP-McKay bitumen project to capacity in the Athabasca oilsands. The Calgary-based company is also dealing with consistent production issues to resolve a slower than desired ramp-up on the 12 well pairs at the steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) site. STP-Mckay has a design capacity of 12,000 barrels of bitumen a day but produced at an average rate of 1,714 bpd in November, marking the first year of meaningful bitumen production. “Over that year, the longer than expected production ramp-up can be attributed to managing the issue of inadequate wellbore conformance and

having to control well pair production rates when a localized section of the well pair develops a steam short circuit,� said the company in a Dec. 11 update. As a result, the company reported it has initiated “a process to identify, examine and consider strategic and financial alternatives available� to increase shareholder value, Alternatives range from selling the company in part or whole to a merger or a recapitalization or a combination of options. The board of directors has established a special committee of independent directors to oversee the process and RBC Capital Markets has been retained to assist with this process. Southern Pacific noted it would not disclose developments with respect to the strategic review process until

its board of directors has approved a specific transaction or determines otherwise. Southern Pacific will continue to provide quarterly financial and material operational updates. The company reported that two of its best conformed (steam distribution) well pairs were shut in for six days during November to conduct temperature fall off rate tests. These tests were necessary in order to accurately determine the level of wellbore conformance that has been currently attained on both of these well pairs. The two well pairs are each currently producing in excess of 375 barrels per day each with conformance ranging between 50 to 62 per cent of the horizontal length. The company believes that each of these well pairs has the potential to achieve rates of 700 bpd or greater with the implementation of acceleration techniques. Techniques, such as controlling the production rate, high pressure steam stimulation and perforating have been completed on various wells and have all had certain levels of success in accelerating conformance levels. “We continue to refine these techniques as we gain more experience in this field,� said the company. One of the new techniques for SAGD applications is the use of inflow control devices (ICDs). ICDs can compartmentalize the

producer well and effectively isolate steam short circuits while allowing the rest of the wellbore to be produced. “Southern Pacific has extensively analyzed these tools and plans to implement them into a couple of existing well pairs early in 2014,� the company said. The company also expects that well pair conformance will develop on its own if given the appropriate time. Southern Pacific expects that the existing 12 well pairs will have the potential to ramp to a total rate of approximately 7,000 bpd by the first quarter of 2015. “If conformance can be accelerated by the use of technology such as ICDs, the ramp-up timing may be accelerated,� advised the company. Workovers on three other well pairs at STP-McKay are expected to be completed by January. The company’s latest total production rates for November including bitumen production from STP-McKay and heavy oil from STP-Senlac in Saskatchewan averaged 4,010 bpd. Production at Senlac averaged 2,296 bpd in November. All well pairs ran steady for the month including the recently worked over well pair, K3, which had been plugged back due to a liner failure in October. Phase L, which includes three additional well pairs, has full regulatory approval, and is in the design phase with plans to spud the first well by the end of calendar Q1 2014.

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Just how much Bakken oil is there? “We’ve got that data populated. We’ve got about 500 wells we’re creating maps for,� Kohlruss said. The engineering group is doing calculations from well logs, and that information will be fed into the NEB and GSC analysis. The hope

Chao Yang is the geologist leading the Bakken resources assessment. Photo by Brian Zinchuk

„ By Brian Zinchuk Regina – If it hadn’t been for the U.S. government’s clamping down on spending last May due to congressional budget infighting, perhaps it would have made a bigger splash. Nontheless, the news out of North Dakota was stunning. The United States Geological Survey’s assessment of the Bakken and Three Forks formations in the state effectively doubled the amount of oil they believe is there. The work the Americans have done has got the Canucks thinking maybe we should be looking at our own detailed assessment. One of the projects geologists with the Ministry of the Economy are working on is the Bakken resource assessment. It was started in the summer of 2012. Geologists Dr. Chao Yang and Dan Kohlruss are working on the assessment. It involves collecting the data with the intention of submitting it to the National Energy Board and Geological Survey of Canada for analysis. Each has different software and takes a different approach, according to Yang, who is the lead on the project. The NEB’s approach is more volumetric, looking at porosity, oil gravity and oil saturation. The GSC’s approach looks at production declines. The area under study runs from the Manitoba border to Range 30 west of the 2nd meridian, and from the U.S. border to Township 30 to the north. It encompasses an area roughly 220 miles east-to-west and 180 miles north-to-south.

“We’re going to find out what is there – everything – not just a reserve calculation,� Kohlruss said. The focus is just on the Bakken formation and the Torquay (which Americans call the Three Forks). There is very little Torquay production in Saskatchewan, near the U.S. and Manitoba borders. “Bakken work can be put together more quickly,� Kohlruss said. The process is essentially data mining, and the mine site is the provincial core lab, known as the Saskatchewan Subsurface Geological Laboratory. “It’s a huge amount of data,� Yang said, noting they have done decline curves for each Bakken well. “We’re still collecting data on reservoir pressure, reservoir temperature, water saturation, oil saturation and oil/gas ratios,� she said. Formation tops are also being looked at. The Bakken in Saskatchewan has three units – A (the bottom), B and C. “The Bakken is considered unconventional. Conventional methods do not apply,� Yang said. “The goal is to know how much you know and make a prediction of what we don’t know.� “I call the Bakken an unconventional-conventional hybrid,� Kohlruss said. “Ours is in association with a lot of water. It has a buoyancy factor. Since the oil has migrated, it is more of a conventional play, but low permeability makes it unconventional.� He pointed to the “big numbers out of the U.S. Geological Survey,� as a reason for the as-

is to be able to present the results at the 2014 Williston Basin Conference in Bismarck, North Dakota. “It is a tremendous amount of work,� Yang said. Similar work was done in 2009-2010, doing a province-wide

gas assessment. Now the goal is to start ticking away at other formations. Another project for the Viking formation in the Kindersley area is being initialized. It will look at the formation as a whole and take into account recent production and drilling.

sessment. “If we have investors coming from, say China, they don’t want to know the reserves, but the resource. What’s the big number? What’s still out there? “We talk about the oilsands resource, although not a drop has been recovered,� Kohlruss said of Saskatchewan’s oilsands as an analogy. Yang noted, “If I produce a Bakken well, can I get 10 years, five years, or two years (production)?� Summer students worked on the project. “We had them take a look at the majority of Bakken core in the southeast, measuring permeability, porosity and internal stratigraphy. We want to identify the different reservoirs, i.e. full-on conventional at Rocanville and Roncott.� Prior to 2004, there were 75 wells producing from the Bakken in Saskatchewan. Now there are over 2,700, including those initial 75.

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In all the company has five employees. Brycen also owns Mains Welding, located next door in the northwest corner of Carnduff. Mains Welding was the first to get off the ground, in 2009. “No grass grows under his feet,� Lyndon said of his son. As for himself, he said, “I farmed 27 years and 20 of those years I truckpushed for Fast Trucking.� Since then he’s worked as a financial advisor, a job done in addition to operating Suck It Up. The farmland is rented out. The hydrovac business fired up in the fall of 2011. It has three hydrovacs and one water truck. One is a Tornado and two are Custom Vac units. Two are tridrive, single steer and one is a tandem drive, tandem steer. The service area is from Stoughton to the Waskada and Goodlands areas of Manitoba. Most of the work is line exposure, according to Brycen. That includes electrical, gas and water. “I would say 90 per cent is oilfield,� Brycen said. Brycen, 29, is a B pressure ticketed journeyman welder. He got his journeyman papers in 2008, having taken his training with SIAST. “I ran a truck for my brother-in-law for a couple years, then went on my own. I bought my own truck and later that fall I built my own shop, in 2009.�

That was during the big dip year in the oilpatch. “I got some pretty funny looks,â€? he said. Brycen has been welding since he was a kid, building cultivators to pull behind the quad. “You were born with a stinger in your hand,â€? Lyndon said. Much of the work has been on drilling rigs. That was a factor in building a shop. “I built it high enough for rig structures,â€? Brycen said. The door is 20 by 24 feet. “I was leere at the start. IT was bigger than what I needed,â€? he said. Slowly he has grown into the shop, renting out the rest of it. Currently two bays are rented to Top Torque, a tool company for ADR rigs. “I used to rent out four bays, but I’m growing, so I only rent out two now. “We can bed truck everything – mud tanks, subs, derricks,â€? he said. That allows Mains Welding to do a lot of work during spring breakup. The yard is big enough to rack a rig, and yes, that had been done. “Road ban is very busy, and gets busier every year. “I’ve got two welders in the shop, plus myself,â€? Brycen said. Mains Welding also runs two mobile welding trucks. Brycen does much of the mobile work, whereas the other welders focus on shop work. ɸ Page B25

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Betts Drilling is on the other side of town, CanElson is just down the road at Carlyle, and there are more rigs based out of Estevan and Oxbow. “I could use another guy, for sure,� Brycen said. But like other Carnduff businesses, they have found housing for employees to be an issue. “There’s nowhere to stay. What do you do?� Lyndon said. “Rigs pay big dollars. It’s always been that way, but so is the lifestyle, working in the cold,� Brycen said. Suck It Up recently got its third truck back. They’ve endured two fires over the years, the first on Dec. 30, 2011, when they lost a hydrovac unit in the field. The second fire occurred in the shop in November 2013. That caused over $300,000 in damages to the shop and truck. Half the shop needed to be redone, and it took a year, yes, a full year, to get the truck back in commission. The frustration was evident in both their faces when talking about it. “Both of us are pretty stubborn. Giving up is not an option,� Lyndon said. As for this winter, Brycen said, “I think it’s promising.� Lyndon said he and Suck It Up manager Cory Murray had been hitting the phones to drum up business.

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Éş Page B24 “We build parts of drilling rigs – pipe tubs, shale tanks, three-sided tanks, pipe racks,â€? he noted. “We’re doing truck decks right now.â€? There’s a third operation, a rental company known as Your Main Rental. If that’s not enough, they also do a bit of hotshotting. It’s advantageous to be located in Carnduff, where the much of the rig moving fleet for the region is based. There’s always rigs and trucks in and around Carnduff. “You can get a picker or bed truck any time of the day,â€? Brycen said. “A large number of rigs rack in the Fast yard.â€?

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&RULQJ IRU \HDUV Estevan – There are many racks of core in Regina filled with the product of Gill Blackstock’s three decades of work. Blackstock is the owner of Blackie’s Coring Services Ltd. in Estevan. “I started working with my dad 31 years ago,� said Blackstock. His father, Stan Blackstock, passed away three years ago. Stan owned and operated SEBCO Coring Ltd., whose company name came from his own initials. When SEBCO was sold in 2005, Gil Blackstock struck out on his own and founded Blackie’s. His brother Scott works with him, as does Kerry Hodgson making up a core of three fulltime staff. Six to 12 contract coring supervisors are brought on as needed. “The last quarter, as usual, before Christmas has been flat out. It was fairly steady since breakup,� Gil said. They have a few wells coming up in North Dakota. “They’re good wells, multi-core,� he said. A core is usually 18 metres long. Multi-cores are when several cores are taken in succession. This is common in potash exploration. A typical potash well will see five 18-metre cores. “You always catch the Dason Bay (formation),�

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said Hodgson, a core supervisor and shop foreman. The Second Red Beds is the cap. The Prairie evaporite formation is typically 72 metres of potash, followed by 100 metres of salt. “Eighty per cent of the work is potash right now,� Gil said. “They’re exploring the boundaries.� In one instance several years ago an initial project for seven wells continued on to 32 wells. Depending on the rig, one 18-metre core is usual for a day, but Gil noted, “We’re averaging two. We’re typically on location for four days, start to finish.� On a multi-core project, they will run a twoman crew. In the loft area of the shop are stacks of cardboard core boxes. Gil said, “I’ve made over $1 million of core boxes in my career. They started at $3.50 a box, and are now $20. Once core has been taken, it eventually ends up in the Saskatchewan Subsurface Geological Laboratory, or core lab, in Regina. The warehouse has been continually expanded over the years, most recently in 2012. In it are racks upon racks of core boxes, each labelled with their particulars. X Page B27

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This cradle is used to pick up inner core barrels and lay them down.

Éş Page B26 Walking in the warehouse, Gil said, “I can go and say I remember that well, I did that well. I see my writing. I can’t remember location numbers, but I can remember the well, and if something happened. As for the oilpatch, he said, “It’s been slow for a year now through the whole oilpatch. Potash dropped off a little bit about a year ago.â€? “You’re seeing them stepping out. The information is very valuable. That’s why we’re here.â€? Equipment Stan Blackstock pioneered the core van, a cube truck used to work with core out of the elements. The concept is still used to this day. “We’ve got three core vans and two core trailers that are used mostly for potash. We

have three one-tonnes and numerous utility trailers,� Gil said. The key to cutting core is the core barrel and the associated bit. About 15 years ago there was a shift to polycrystalline diamond cutter bits. “That changed everything – trill times, core times,� Gil said. “Old core diamond bits were six- to 12-hour jobs. Now they’re four and under, to cut 60 feet. A coring supervisor will set his parameter for the driller, but does not touch the controls on the rig. Those parameters include weight on bit, revolutions per minute of the rotary table and circulation. “Every formation has a little different texture to it. The core bit is comfortable at about 3,000 to 4,000 decanewtons. You want to be

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in 2012. That well, the deepest in Saskatchewan, went right to the basement, the Precambrian rock below the sedimentary column. It was quite evident when they reached that point. “It came to a screeching halt. Your ROP (rate of penetration) dropped dramatically.� That well was a case where they wanted to seal up the core right away. As the inner core barrel was cut up, the ends were closed up to preserve the contents for further analysis. A recent development has been the usage of fibreglass inner core barrels, which have just come on the market. “With these tubes, you can cut an 18 metre fore and lay down nine

metres at a time, and then tape up the ends. This way, when they clamshell the tube, it’s undisturbed. It’s as whole and undisturbed as possible. Fibreglass core barrels are stronger, with less stretch than an aluminum barrel. It’s more money, but the surface is smoother, thus reducing friction. “Fibreglass was introduced to me a couple years ago, and clients were asking about it,� Gil said. “I started adding it to my services. It’s now 15 or 20 per cent. When it comes to oil exploration, the Bakken formation accounts for a little more than half of the work, he said. Another piece of kit added in recent years is the laydown cradle. It’s a

frame with clamps that provide a rigid backbone, supporting the inner core barrel when it is removed from the outer barrel. It’s usage improves safety when laying down and recovering core. “I was fortunate enough to have one made for me,� he said. Calling himself an old-school coring hand, Gil said, “It’s experience that keeps me alive. I still get engineers with rings on their fingers asking me, ‘What would you do?’ “My dad started in the 50s. That’s 60 years of coring between him and I. He told me there’s more oil under there than we ever need to worry about. I truly believe that,� Gil concluded.

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careful with your RPMs on different formations, and you want to run your pump with more fluid or less fluid. That’s what our supervisor tells the driller. The outer barrel swivels on a bearing, while the inner barrel stays stationary. That’s crucial to prevent the core from being pulverized. It is possible to do an ‘orientation’ core so that the direction the core is orientated, i.e. which way is north, is known. One of the interesting projects they did in recent years was the centre of the Viewfield Crater, southwest of Stoughton. “I cored that well, right in the middle of the crater. It was a mess. There was no rhyme or reason to it. It was an exploration well to see scientifically and geologically what happened. There’s a lot that can be determined from core. Gil said, “You can tell ancient weather and storms. In the Alida area, it’s very interesting. Fossils are very common – and it’s hard to core. It’s a very brittle area, fractured due to fossils.� In one instance he did a core project in Moose Jaw for the spa, right in the middle of the city. “I ordered pizza right to the rig,� he said. Blackies’ cored the second Aquistore well, the observation well,

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Its own monster Regina -On Nov. 28, a number of geologists from ARC Resources could be found examining core at the Saskatchewan Subsurface Geological Laboratory, or core lab. One of the was Robert Taylor. Originally from the western side Newfoundland, south of Gros Morne National Park, Taylor now calls Calgary home. He’s worked on minerals and oil. He did wellsite geology for eight years, and has spent 10 years in the office. Of that, seven have been spent focusing on Saskatchewan. On this day he was looking at the Souris Valley Mississippian Formation. “In Saskatchewan, it’s a love-hate relationship, with some of the most challenging rocks in Canada,� he said. “The Williston Basin is its own monster.� In comparison to other plays where the target formation is dozens of metres thick, he shows a core same he was looking at. “You’re chasing a formation 30 centimetres thick. You’re chasing this little guy for a kilometre. There’s oil here, and not here,� he said, pointing to two adjacent pieces of core. The rock he was looking at was a carbonate. Asked if there were any fossils, he picked up a random piece and sure enough, a shell fragment about two centimetres across could be seen. “This is all little bits of critters,� he said.

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It’s just a random piece of core, picked up out of a core box, yet sure enough, there’s a fossil evident. Geologist Robert Taylor of ARC Resources examined core at the Saskatchewan Subsurface Geological Laboratory on Nov. 28. Photos by Brian Zinchuk

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RESOURCE *X×GH Your best choice for accommodationss in Carlyle, Sk. ‰ ,[RR QOZINKT GTJ [VYIGRK K^ZKTJKJ YZG_ ‰ )USVROSKTZGX_ IUTZOTKTZGR NUZ HXKGQLGYZ ‰ ,XKK NOMN YVKKJ OTZKXTKZ ‰ 3KKZOTM XUUS

Reservations: 306-453-2686

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Box 609 Carlyle, SK S0C 0R0 www.truetorq.ca

Bus: (306) 453-6111 Cell: (306) 577-8833 Fax: (306) 453-6102 ttorq@hotmail.com

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Journeymen Electricians and Apprentices PowerTech Industries Ltd. in Estevan is seeking Journeymen Electricians and Apprentices for work in the Estevan and Carnduff areas. Experience: Safety Certificates are needed. 1st Aid/CPR, H2S. Applicants must have a valid driver’s license. Full benefits packages and RSP plan. Duties: Day to day electrical construction and maintenance in the oilfield. Wage/Salary Info: Depending on experience & qualifications. To Apply: Fax: (306) 637-2181, e-mail sschoff.pti@sasktel.net or drop off resume to 62 Devonian Street, Estevan, SK.

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at knows th g in ic v r ell Se agle W your family is a E nds ng ery Floorha supporti agle offers a v E ntal and de riority! ds p n h a a lt h a k e ic h r Der ed with tive competi ckage combin pa d benefits ly pay rate an Drillers th. r u for grow t ho s a ie e r it n g s tu b r nage t oppor g with a rig jo n e ll Rig Ma e c x e on ’t go wr g! You can Well Servicin gle with Ea

Needed for fast paced trucking company. $ " $ " # " $ ! $ unsupervised. $ " Competitive wages and health beneďŹ ts. Send resume to: daysams@sasktel.net or drop off at main ofďŹ ce 88 Devonian St., Estevan. No phone calls please!

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Expose-All Hydrovac Ltd. is expanding and requires Hydrovac operators and assistants to join it’s growing team, in the Carlyle area. 5 Willing to train individuals that are self motivated, safety orientated, pay particular attention to detail and lead by example. 5 Assets include but not limited to health & safety certiďŹ cates, 3A drivers license and mechanical aptitude. 5 Individuals will be required to work in all ambient temperature environments.

Send cover letter with Personal Resume and references to: Expose-All Hydrovac Ltd. Box 195 Kenosee Lake SK. S0C 2S0 Only potential applicants will be contacted for interviews. Thank you to all interested applicants

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Tremcar West Inc. offers our customers a certified repair shop with qualified workers specializing in:

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WEYBURN

Suzanna Nostadt - Vice President (306) 861-2315 Bruce Palmer - Service Manager (306) 861-2841 Bill Hunter - Parts Manager (306) 842-6100

#216-20th Ave SE Weyburn, SK (306) 842-6100

202 Melville Street, Saskatoon, SK. (306) 931-9777 41 Liberty Road, Sherwood Park, AB (780) 417-0193 Darren Williams - VP Of Sales Tremcar Inc. Sales (306) 361-5559 Northern Saskatchewan - Jason Hugo (306) 551-8265 Southern Saskatchewan - Suzanna Nostadt (306) 861-2315

All the best in the new year 2014! ZZZ WUHPFDU FRP

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Pipeline News

SECTION C January 2014

Pipeline News was 2 sections this month. Stay tuned for next month focus: Accommodations

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