University of Pittsburgh, 2013 Sustainability Report by University of Pittsburgh, Sustainability

University of Pittsburgh

2013 Report on Sustainability

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“From the built environment to education and research to campus operations and student involvement, all members of the University community play important roles in fostering sustainability on campus.” - Mark A. Nordenberg, Chancellor, University of Pittsburgh

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

TABLE OF CONTENTS Letter from the Chancellor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Statements from the Facilities Management Division.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

campus. Sustainable Design and Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Energy Conservation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Pollution and Emissions Reductions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Greening of the Campus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Sustainable Dining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Transportation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Campus Computing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Sustainable Purchasing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Student Housing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Student Community.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Greenhouse Gas Inventory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

EDUCATION AND RESEARCH. Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation.. . . . . . . . 32 Environmental Studies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

community. Community Leadership.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Greening the Community.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

recognition. A Leader in Sustainability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

The Cathedral of Learning is seen from Hillman Library’s newly refurbished plaza. The plaza is just one example of new green space added to Pitt’s campus in recent years.

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LETTER FROM THE CHANCELLOR I am pleased to introduce this inaugural edition of the University of Pittsburgh 2013 Report on Sustainability. Long before the term “sustainability” was widely associated with environmental stewardship, practices were in place at the University of Pittsburgh to reduce our impact on the environment. Pitt was an original signatory of the 1990 Talloires Declaration, supporting mobilization of higher education resources for sustainability. In practice, what started in the 1970s and 1980s with time clocks and simple control systems to conserve energy has evolved to a comprehensive focus on sustainability that touches all areas of the University. From the built environment, to education and research, to campus operations and student involvement, all members of the University Community play important roles in fostering sustainability on campus. This report demonstrates our commitment to sustainability in daily campus operations. Great strides have been made in sustainable construction and renovation practices, energy and water conservation, reducing emissions, recycling and waste minimization, sustainable dining practices, improvements in vehicular, pedestrian, and bicycle circulation, maintaining and growing green landscapes, and more sustainable purchasing and campus computing practices. A stroll around our beautiful campus will visually demonstrate our efforts in “greening” our urban environment. Sustainability also is a high priority in our programs of education and research. The Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation is the centerpiece of the Swanson School of Engineering’s commitment to environmentally responsible engineering. The Center has worked to introduce a new paradigm in sustainability education, not only in the Swanson School, but in other programs as diverse as business and law. Pitt understands that the integration of sustainability education and research needs to reach beyond the textbook and the laboratory and resonate within our community at large. We should take great pride in the contributions of Pitt students to the advancement of sustainability as well. Our students, through our many active student organizations, bring new ideas and excitement to the table, and the Student Government Board’s Pitt Green Fund has provided a vehicle for implementing student-initiated projects that directly impact student life. I am delighted to be a part of the University’s commitment to sustainability and encourage all faculty, staff, and students to continue in your efforts toward advancing sustainable practices. Working together, we can set an example for responsible environmental stewardship on our campus and beyond.

Mark A. Nordenberg Chancellor

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

“ I am delighted to be a part of the University’s commitment to sustainability, and encourage all faculty, staff, and students to continue in your efforts toward advancing sustainable practices.”

STATEMENTS FROM THE FACILITIES MANAGEMENT DIVISION I am proud of the key role that the Facilities Management Division plays in advancing sustainability at the University of Pittsburgh. Virtually all of our activities have some bearing on Pitt’s environmental impact. Our focus on sustainable design and construction has resulted in five LEED (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design) Gold-certified facilities, with nine additional projects currently pursuing certification. Our award-winning urban campus grounds are greener and more beautiful than ever before, providing an aesthetically pleasing environment for students, faculty, staff, and visitors, and our recycling and waste reduction efforts have diverted countless tons of waste from going to landfills. One of our primary focal points, particularly in recent years, has been energy conservation. Substantial investments have been made in conservation measures in both new and existing facilities in an effort to minimize energy consumption even in the face of campus growth. We at Facilities Management are mindful of our impact on the greater community, and we take seriously our role as guardians of the trust that the University has placed in us as we move forward, working closely with all University departments, to maintain a sustainable campus.

Joseph W. Fink Associate Vice Chancellor for Facilities Management

“ We at Facilities Management are mindful of our impact on the greater community, and we take seriously our role as guardians of the trust that the University has placed in us as we move forward, working closely with all University departments, to maintain a sustainable campus.” Energy conservation has been a high priority at the University of Pittsburgh for many years. Pitt is keenly aware that investments to reduce consumption provide direct, lasting, and cumulative benefits in terms of reducing both energy costs and the University’s impact on the environment. In recent years, Facilities Management has invested resources to implement new systems and technologies that place an even greater emphasis on conservation. Our building automation, maintenance, metering, and energy analysis tools help to identify areas of opportunity for reductions, and our many energy conservation projects have helped to contain consumption through improved utility infrastructure and more efficient building systems. We continually search for new opportunities to further reduce consumption, as we strongly believe and stress that the most sustainable energy is that which we never use.

In my role as University sustainability coordinator, I serve as the liaison in promoting sustainability across University administrative and academic units and as a resource to the student, faculty, and staff communities engaged in advancing environmental responsibility on campus. Sustainability at Pitt extends far beyond our buildings and physical infrastructure. It is evident in our curriculum and research, as well as in all areas of operation—from transportation and procurement to computing and dining. I work to integrate our diverse efforts so we can all work together to creatively and effectively foster sustainability efforts at our university. I also work to educate and inform the University community and the community at large on the positive progress that the University is making as a result of our many initiatives.

Laura W. Zullo

Daniel Marcinko.

Senior Manager, Energy Initiatives

Assistant Vice Chancellor for Facilities Management . and University Sustainability Coordinator 2 0 1 3 R E P O R T O N S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y

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SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION As stewards of the University’s impressive and expanding building inventory, the Facilities Management Division is responsible for constructing and maintaining Pitt’s facilities in a manner that is sustainable not only in terms of its impact on the environment but also in terms of providing high-quality structures that will serve the University for many years to come. Today’s buildings are constructed not only to meet current methods but also to allow for adaptation to meet future requirements as well. For example, new laboratories are constructed with movable casework to allow for reconfiguration as teaching and research needs change. Substantial investment is made during construction to ensure that the utility and technology infrastructure in each facility is sufficient for future growth and adaptation as well.

Graduate School of Public Health addition

Current building code requirements are more rigorous than ever, placing stringent air quality and energy efficiency requirements on building systems. While these requirements add to the complexity of building design, they also provide a framework that helps to contain energy consumption. Beyond what is required by code, Facilities Management continually develops and updates University design and construction standards to incorporate new technologies and building materials. In addition to specifying quality construction, these standards include many sustainable and/or energy-conserving measures for new construction and renovation projects. All new construction and major renovation projects are evaluated for potential Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED) certification. Planners consider design and performance factors, such as building energy performance, water use, storm water management, indoor air quality, daylighting and views, and use of regional materials, among many others. These factors form the building blocks for the construction and renovation of University facilities. Chevron Science Center renovation

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

Benedum Hall green roof

Photo courtesy of Ed Massery

Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN STANDARDS • Standard high-efficiency fluorescent lighting fixtures with electronic ballasts • Energy recovery equipment in new laboratory mechanical systems to capture energy from exhaust air • Low-flow plumbing fixtures to conserve water and lessen Pitt’s impact on municipal water/sewage treatment facilities • Direct digital controls (DDCs) required for all mechanical system installations or upgrades • Variable frequency drives for all modulating pumps and fans • Energy-efficient control strategies for building mechanical and electrical systems • Occupancy sensors required for all new construction and renovations • University standard carpet installations must include a minimum of 25 percent recycled content. • Carpet adhesives contain no volatile organic compounds (VOCs). • The majority of paints qualify as low-VOC paints. • Premium efficiency motors

97%

Chevron Science Center Annex

RECYCLED . CONSTRUCTION DEBRIS Facilities Management oversees campus construction to ensure a “salvage and reuse” strategy that aims to minimize waste. One notable example of efforts and striking results is the Chevron Science Center Annex project, in which crews recycled as much as 97 percent . of construction debris. 2 0 1 3 R E P O R T O N S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y

CAMPUS SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION, CONTINUED

Chevron Science Center Annex, LEED Gold 2013

PITT BUILDINGS TAKE THE “LEED” Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED) certification is the nationally accepted benchmark for the design, construction, and operation of highperformance green buildings. The University of Pittsburgh is home to five LEED Goldcertified projects: • McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine (2005) • Swanson School of Engineering’s Benedum Hall phase I renovations (2011) • Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation (2012) • Chevron Science Center Annex (2013) • Thomas E. Starzl Biomedical Science Tower 12th-floor renovation (2013)

The McGowan Institute was the first LEED Gold-certified laboratory building in Pennsylvania. The U.S. Green Building Council designates four levels of LEED certification: Platinum, Gold, Silver, and Certified. . Design and construction projects earn credits for achieving specific sustainable prerequisites in five categories:

Sustainable sites

Water efficiency

credits encourage strategies that minimize the impact on ecosystems and water resources.

credits promote the smarter use of water, inside and out, to reduce potable water consumption.

Energy and atmosphere

Materials and resources

credits promote better building energy performance through innovative strategies.

credits encourage the use of sustainable building materials and reducing waste.

Indoor . environmental . quality . credits promote better indoor air quality and access to daylight and views.

For more information on the LEED rating systems, please visit the U.S. Green Building Council Web site at www.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems.

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

Thomas E. Starzl Biomedical Science Tower, 12th floor renovation, LEED Gold 2013

Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation, LEED Gold 2012

McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, LEED Gold 2005

Benedum Hall, LEED Gold 2011

LOOKING FORWARD Pitt is pursuing LEED certification for an additional nine current and recent construction and renovation projects: • Mark A. Nordenberg Hall, a freshman residence hall that opened in August 2013 • Salk Hall addition for the Schools of Pharmacy and Dental Medicine • Benedum Hall phase II renovations to labs, classrooms, and offices

• Graduate School of Public Health (GSPH) addition • GSPH renovations • Clapp Hall renovation for the Department of Biological Sciences • Midcampus research complex renovation for the Department of Physics and Astronomy

• Frank A. Cassell Hall, a new sustainable office and classroom building at the University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg • Nursing and Health Sciences Building at the University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown

“ All new construction . and major renovation projects are evaluated . for LEED certification.” – Daniel Marcinko, . assistant vice chancellor for . facilities management and . University sustainability coordinator

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ENERGY . CONSERVATION Energy conservation has long been a priority at the University of Pittsburgh. Over the past 17 years, the University’s Facilities Management Division has invested resources and implemented new systems and technologies that place an even greater emphasis on conservation—an investment that will lead the University in its quest to reduce energy consumption and costs while reducing its carbon footprint. Facilities Management firmly believes that the most sustainable energy is the energy that Pitt never uses.

The Energy Conservation Process: CMMA Energy conservation at Pitt is much more than turning off lights and installing energy-efficient equipment; it’s a comprehensive process. What started in the 1970s and 1980s with glorified time clocks and simple control algorithms has evolved into a continuous conservation cycle that touches many areas of operation. The four stages of the cycle—control, maintenance, measurement, and analysis (CMMA)—play integral roles in reducing the energy bottom line.

CONTROL

ANALYSIS

CMMA CYCLE

MAINTENANCE

MEASUREMENT

Pitt’s CMMA cycle is a continuous sequence that touches all areas of Facilities Management operations. All four stages play integral roles in reducing the energy bottom line.

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

CONTROL Facilities Management installed the University’s first campus building automation system in 1975. Some 38 years and several iterations later, the system has evolved to become a highly sophisticated energy management system. Pitt’s energy management system intelligently controls space temperatures and other environmental conditions according to occupancy schedules and space requirements. Modern buildings, particularly research facilities, require higher levels of control sophistication than ever before. Because more high-tech research facilities typically consume more energy, controlling these facilities efficiently is key to conserving energy on campus. Newer technologies like demand-controlled ventilation and energy recovery are being incorporated into renovations and new construction projects to lessen the energy burden of these high-tech facilities. In 2012, Pitt installed a sophisticated demand-controlled ventilation system in Benedum Hall’s Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation. The system collects air samples to measure critical elements of the indoor air environment such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, dew point temperature, and total volatile organic compounds. The collected data allow the system to optimize ventilation rates based on actual air quality rather than preset ventilation rates and schedules. The system also has been installed in the Graduate School of Public Health addition and the midcampus research complex and is planned for areas of the Salk Hall addition and Clapp Hall.

Screenshots from the Automated Logic energy management system show real-time operating conditions. The system enables Facilities Management to monitor and manage most campus building systems from a single control panel.

maintenance Building maintenance is integral not only to Facilities Management’s service mission but also to campus energy conservation efforts. Proper maintenance of building systems is essential for system reliability and environmental comfort and is equally essential for system energy efficiency. Facilities Management is upgrading its computerized maintenance management system to take routine preventive maintenance to a more intuitive predictive maintenance process. Facilities Management also periodically performs retro-commissioning tasks in existing facilities in order to ensure that buildings are operating optimally and to identify areas for energy and operational improvements.

Measurement A critical component to controlling energy consumption is understanding how and where energy is used. To this end, the University has invested extensively in energy metering and monitoring equipment in campus facilities to measure electric, steam, natural gas, water/sewage, and chilled water consumption for each building. This is instrumental in identifying areas with higher-than-average levels of energy consumption and for identifying possible operational problems within buildings. The metering systems also are invaluable during outage events, as they allow Facilities Management engineers to quickly identify the source of the outage and to switch loads as required, protecting University assets and research.

ANALYSIS A major effort is under way to implement a new enterprise energy management system, which will greatly simplify the collection, storage, and analysis of building energy data. Meter data are being imported along links to electronic meters via the building automation system. The system will allow Facilities Management energy professionals to easily retrieve campus

An electric meter recently allowed Facilities Management to troubleshoot a power quality complaint in a Pitt building. Meter data enabled engineers to identify a problem with a failed motor starter on the building’s chiller. This problem was not only contributing to excess energy consumption but also was causing issues with research and placing unnecessary strain on the chiller. The problem was quickly resolved by replacing the motor starter.

energy consumption and cost data and will help to identify areas for potential improvement. Customized reporting tools will allow engineers to trend usage over time; compare consumption across buildings; identify the impact of energy conservation projects, weather factors, and utility rates; and project future energy requirements and costs.

“ Pitt has made substantial investments in conservation projects that have a direct and lasting impact on campus energy consumption. We firmly believe that the most sustainable energy is the energy we never use.” – Laura W. Zullo, senior manager of energy initiatives, Facilities Management Division

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CAMPUS ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONTINUED Energy Conservation Initiatives ENERGY MASTER PLAN In 2000, Pitt hired an outside consulting firm to conduct a comprehensive utility master plan and to make recommendations that the University could implement to achieve efficiencies in campus utility infrastructure. University leaders made an initial investment of $6 million to fund projects recommended by the firm and continue to invest significant dollars in newly identified conservation projects each year. Most of the lighting fixtures in Pitt facilities have been replaced with standard energy-efficient fluorescent lighting, and occupancy sensors have been installed in common areas as well as most new and renovated areas to ensure that lighting is turned off when the space is not in use. Many older mechanical and electrical systems also have been upgraded with more efficient equipment. Since June 2012, the University has received more than $325,000 in energy rebates from Duquesne Light as part of Pennsylvania’s Act 129 rebate program. The program issues rebates to customers who implement qualifying energy conservation projects. These funds are being reinvested in additional energy conservation projects.

$46

RECENT ENERGY CONSERVATION PROJECTS The following cost avoidances were achieved as a result of recent energy conservation projects at the University:

$62,000:

The installation of variable frequency drives on the main fan systems at the Learning Research and Development Center reduced annual energy consumption in the building by approximately 835,000 kilowatt-hours. This was a 38 percent reduction in electric use for the building.

$ 93,000: Recent lighting upgrades at the Charles L. Cost

Sports Center and the Fitzgerald Field House are expected to reduce annual consumption by 1.25 million kilowatt-hours.

$61,000: Partially funded by a PA Conservation Works! grant

from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, lighting upgrades at the Information Sciences and Frick Fine Arts buildings resulted in an annual reduction of approximately 827,000 kilowatt-hours.

$26,000: Lighting upgrades in three parking garages (the

Wesley W. Posvar Hall, Soldiers & Sailors, and O’Hara garages) resulted in an annual reduction of approximately 322,000 kilowatt-hours.

$ 33,000: Fan replacements and variable frequency drives at

MILLION IN ESTIMATED TOTAL COST AVOIDANCE

Pitt’s energy conservation projects and sustainability measures have resulted in . an estimated cost avoidance of more than . $46 million for the University since 1996.

David Lawrence Hall have reduced electricity consumption by approximately 440,000 kilowatt-hours per year.

$35,000:

Mechanical and electrical systems have been upgraded during recent Thackeray Hall renovations, reducing electricity consumption by approximately 468,000 kilowatthours per year.

$75,000:

Installation of variable frequency drives and a sophisticated demand-controlled ventilation system at Benedum Hall reduced electricity consumption by more than 1 million kilowatt-hours per year.

$82,000:

Efficiency upgrades at the lower campus chilled water plant have resulted in a reduction of 1.1 million kilowatthours per year.

$39,000:

Electronic control upgrades were implemented at Wesley W. Posvar Hall to better control building air pressurization and steam valves at the air handling units, resulting in an estimated 13 percent reduction in steam consumption. Charles L. Cost Sports Center after lighting upgrade

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

$23,000:

Mechanical upgrades at Bellefield Hall have reduced steam consumption by approximately 38 percent.

ADDITIONAL CONSERVATION INITIATIVES

770

EXIT SIGNS REPLACED

Pitt replaced 770 exit signs with energy-efficient LED signs, which achieve an annual savings of 256,000 kilowatt-hours.

ELEVATORS AND ESCALATORS UPGRADED

1,000 STEAM TRAPS SURVEYED

1,750

After conducting a survey of almost 1,000 steam traps in University facilities, all failed traps were replaced, resulting in a steam cost savings of $165,000 a year.

FAUCET AERATORS. REPLACED

Not only has the University improved service and accessibility by upgrading 90 elevators and escalators, but the investment also has been proven to provide sizable electrical savings.

1,750 faucet aerators were replaced in Pitt buildings with low-flow aerators that allow a flow of only 0.5 gallons per minute— a reduction of between 50 and 77 percent from previous flows of 1.0–2.2 gallons per minute.

CONSERVING IN THE FACE OF CAMPUS GROWTH Because campus area continues to grow as the University expands, Facilities Management has made a concerted effort to lessen the impact of expansion in terms of energy consumption. To fairly compare consumption over time, a metric of usage per square foot of building area is typically used. A recent analysis of annual campus energy data found the following:

Cumulative Energy Cost Avoidance Since 1996

• Electricity consumption per square foot was reduced by 4.9 percent between fiscal years 2011 and 2013.

$50

• Steam consumption per square foot remained steady between fiscal years 2011 and 2013 despite the fact that additional high-demand laboratory space came online during this period.

$35 $30 $25 $20 $15 $10 $5

FISCAL YEARS

Annual Cost Avoidance

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2007

2008

2005

2006

2004

2002

2003

2001

1999

2000

1998

1997

0 1996

The University’s emphasis on energy conservation has had a significant impact on the University’s operating budget over the years. Efforts tracked since 1996 have resulted in a cumulative total of more than $46 million in energy cost avoidance. In fiscal year 2013, the University’s Pittsburgh campus energy expenditures totaled $53.5 million.

$40

(IN millionS)

• Water consumption per square foot was reduced by approximately 2 percent between fiscal years 2011 and 2013 and by approximately 6.3 percent between fiscal years 2008 and 2013. This reduction can be attributed to conservation efforts, including low-flow plumbing fixtures and a large-scale replacement of faucet aerators.

$45

Cost Avoidance Since 1996

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POLLUTION AND EMISSIONS . REDUCTIONS With an eye on providing cleaner energy to meet growing needs, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) worked together to construct a state-of-the-art natural gas-fired steam generation facility behind Trees Hall. The new facility, the Carrillo Street Steam Plant, produces greenhouse gas emissions at approximately one-half the rate that was produced by the Bellefield Boiler Plant before it stopped burning coal in 2009. For decades, Pitt and UPMC received steam from the Bellefield Boiler Plant, which also provides a central steam supply for Carnegie Mellon University, the Carnegie Museums and Library of Pittsburgh, Phipps Conservatory, and two Pittsburgh Public Schools facilities. The plant was fueled by both coal and natural gas until 2009, when a decision was made to cease burning coal—a decision that resulted in cleaner steam production but also a reduction in the Bellefield plant’s generation capacity. Long before the conversion, Pitt and UPMC understood that the Bellefield plant would not be sufficient to meet both the University and UPMC’s growing needs. A decision was made to construct a new plant, one that would provide reliable steam capacity and reduce the University and UPMC’s impact on regional air quality. The Carrillo Street Steam Plant was designed with state-of-the-art technology that substantially lowers greenhouse gas emissions while also producing steam more efficiently. To Pitt’s knowledge, the plant was the first university plant in the nation to operate at an ultra-low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission rate of 9 parts per million. The plant has been hailed as one of the cleanest university heating plants in the United States. While the Bellefield plant still supplies a portion of Pitt and UPMC’s steam heating needs, the University and UPMC are planning a phased transfer of the remainder of steam production to the Carrillo Street plant over the next several years. When compared to emission levels at the Bellefield plant prior to its elimination of coal, the transfer of Pitt and UPMC’s full production to the Carrillo Street plant is expected to reduce annual steamrelated carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 48,000 metric tons.

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

“ As one of the biggest steps Pitt has made toward reducing its carbon footprint, the Carrillo Street Steam Plant seems deceptively subtle. The low-slung building behind Trees Hall on the University’s Upper Campus houses six towering, high-efficiency boilers connected to most of Pitt’s and UPMC’s buildings in Oakland via a tangle of pipes, tubes, and mammoth water purifiers—a roughly $33 million system that stands as one of the cleanest university heating plants in the United States. ... “ While the particulars of steam production might not wow the green-minded, the environmental virtue of the Carrillo Street plant lies in how little exhaust and wastewater results from a facility that is immense in every other respect.”

- Pitt Chronicle, July 5, 2011

When compared with 2008 baseline emissions, the full transfer of . production from the Bellefield Plant to the Carrillo Street Plant is projected . to reduce annual carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 48,000 metric tons, or a

47 percent reduction in steam-related CO2 emissions.

CaRrillo Street Steam Plant • Began operation in November 2009 •

H ouses six boilers with a total . steam capacity of 600,000 pounds per hour and can operate using either natural gas or oil

• State-of-the-art emissions control technology provides significantly lower emissions levels than other coal or gas plants • Currently serves approximately half of the University and UPMC’s combined steam requirements, with a plan to transition to serving all Pitt and UPMC facilities within the next several years

Nitrogen oxide (NOx) is a toxic by-product of high-temperature combustion that leads to smog and acid rain. Most older coal- and

Photo courtesy of Chuck Beard

gas-fired boiler plants have NOx emissions of 80 parts per million or more.

80 30 9

PARTS PER . MILLION

PARTS PER . PARTS PER . MILLION MILLION

Many newer boilers are rated at 30 parts per million, considered low NOx. The Carrillo Street plant’s emissions are capped at an ultralow level of 9 parts per million.

Carrillo Street Steam Plant

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GREENING OF . THE CAMPUS The University of Pittsburgh has a long and storied history as a top-notch urban campus located in the heart of what was once the Steel City. Campus planners have made a concerted effort to enhance the campus with green space whenever and wherever possible. Concrete plazas and parking lots have been transformed into oases of green, and parklets have sprung up, offering restful places for students to gather. This ongoing greening of the campus serves not only as a sustainable environment but also as an aesthetically pleasing experience for students, visitors, faculty, and staff.

NEW GREEN SPACE

Rain Garden

Careful planning has added beauty and color to much of the limited outdoor space on campus. Former spans of hardscape at Wesley W. Posvar Hall, Benedum Hall, and what is now the City of Pittsburgh’s Schenley Plaza have been transformed into new lawns and recreation spaces. Thirty-eight trees have been planted on campus in recent years, adding shade and color to building entrances and sidewalks, and many new gardens and planters have cropped up in unexpected places. While adding splendor, much of this work has been done while also limiting maintenance by planting native and drought-tolerant plants. Hillsides have been planted with ground cover to reduce maintenance and limit the amount of fuel consumed (and therefore the pollution emitted) by lawn mowers.

Through a grant from the Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation and with the assistance of the Facilities Management Division, the student group Engineers for a Sustainable World designed and built a garden on the Petersen Events Center lawn that soaks up excess rainwater and naturally filters it into the soil. The low-maintenance garden also provides charming views from the sidewalks around the Petersen and creates a natural, biodiverse habitat for bees, butterflies, and birds. Rain garden

The rain garden at the Petersen Events Center allows water to naturally infiltrate the soil, reduces ponding, and allows native plants to flourish.

Green Roofs Several green roofs have been installed on campus in recent years. Green roofs collect rainwater, lessening the amount of runoff draining into the City’s storm sewer system. The water is absorbed by a layer of lightweight growing material until it can be taken up by drought-tolerant plants, which gradually release the water into the atmosphere. Other benefits include better thermal insulation (which saves heating and cooling energy), the creation of a natural habitat for wildlife, and a reduction of the urban heat island effect. Pitt has installed green roofs atop Benedum Hall, the Fanny Edel Falk Laboratory School, and sections of the Hillman Library plaza and the Mark A. Nordenberg Hall patio.

Benedum Hall green roof

The 10,000-square-foot vegetative roof atop Benedum Hall is landscaped with resilient plants, enabling the space to thrive effectively with minimal maintenance.

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

WANGARI MAATHAI TREE PLANTING The Wangari Maathai Trees and Garden, one of Pitt’s newest and most beautiful green spaces, stands in tribute to 2004 Nobel Peace Prize winner and Pitt alumnus Wangari Maathai (A&S ’65G). Maathai’s Green Belt Movement has planted more than 51 million trees in her native Kenya. Located near the Fifth Avenue entrance to the Cathedral of Learning, two large red maple trees stand beside a circular garden housing a petite ornamental maple tree and flowers. For more information on Maathai, the Green Belt Movement, and Pitt’s garden, please visit http://bit.ly/1c7fB9e.

A 300-gallon tank (top) is filled with water from the aquifer at Sennott Square and is used to water gardens and hanging baskets around the Pitt campus (bottom).

OAKLAND AQUIFER Hillman Library plaza

Petersen Events Center lawn

Benedum Hall courtyard

An underground aquifer was discovered during the construction of Sennott Square in 2001, and designers took advantage of this by installing an access point to collect the water for use on campus. The “free” water from the aquifer that runs from Herron Hill to Schenley Park is used by campus grounds personnel to water gardens and hanging baskets around campus as well as for the occasional power washing. This not only saves the University money and reduces the amount of municipal water consumed, but the untreated water from the aquifer has less of an impact on the environment.

38 Wesley W. Posvar Hall plaza

TREES

have been planted on campus in recent years.

The majority of trees, shrubs, and other landscape materials are carefully relocated . to other areas of campus when impacted . by renovations and construction.

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REDUCE, REUSE, . RECYCLE The University of Pittsburgh began its recycling program in 1990, and it continues to grow in both the quantity and diversity of materials recycled. In fiscal year 2013, Pitt recycled 1,420 tons of material—almost 42 percent of its total waste stream. What started as a program to recycle only higher-quality office paper has grown to include almost every grade of paper, plastic, aluminum, glass, metals, batteries, electronics, construction materials, landscape materials, and more. Pitt is continually working to ensure that recycling and waste minimization are a way of life across campus.

RecycleMania

Surplus Property Services

Pitt is participating for the sixth consecutive year in RecycleMania, a friendly competition and benchmarking tool for college and university recycling programs to promote waste reduction activities within their campus communities. Schools track recycling and trash weights over an eight-week period and are ranked in various categories. With each week’s reporting and rankings, participating schools watch how their results stack up against competing schools and use them to rally their campus communities. This event would not be successful without the enthusiastic support of Pitt’s student groups, who take on promotion responsibilities for the program. For more information on the University’s success in RecycleMania, see page 43.

Surplus Property was created to coordinate a program that collected and disposed of unused equipment and supplies from all University units. The Surplus Property Services team manages a Web site where materials that pass inspection are sold in as-is condition for fair market value (3,800 items in fiscal year 2013 alone). Items like office furniture, lab equipment, musical instruments and equipment, electronics and computer equipment, and even vehicles are sold this way and avoid taking up unnecessary space in landfills. Two of Surplus Property’s best-known programs include its recycling of used printer toner cartridges and the safe disposal of University-owned electronic equipment. In fiscal year 2013, Pitt recycled more than 4,350 toner cartridges and more than 17 tons of electronic materials.

Hydration Stations Found in an increasing number of high-traffic campus gathering places are hydration stations, a new approach to water fountains that make it easy to fill reusable water bottles. The first hydration stations were installed with funding from the Pitt Green Fund, and the University has continued to install these units across campus. The stations provide a tally of the equivalent number of disposable water bottles avoided by using the unit.

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The installation of hydration stations in 28 locations across the Pitt campus has resulted in the avoidance of more

than 484,000 disposable plastic water bottles . – as of October 2013.

WASTE STREAM TRENDS FROM 2006–13 100

Percent to Landfill Percent Recycled/Diverted

90 80 70 60 50 40 30

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

10 0

2006

42%

2013 RECYCLING STATISTICS

OF PITT’S TOTAL WASTE STREAM WAS RECYCLED IN 2013.

In fiscal year 2013, Pitt’s recycling included the following amounts of commodities:

In fiscal year 2013, Pitt recycled 1,420 tons of material–almost 42 percent of its total waste stream.

4 73 tons of mixed office paper 550 tons of cardboard 59 tons of aluminum, glass, and plastic containers

1 12 tons of construction waste 226 tons of other materials

Left: Pepsi Dream Machine recycling receptacles turn ordinary plastic bottle and aluminum can recycling into points that Pitt students can redeem for rewards such as coupons and discounts on local dining and entertainment.

Between September 1 and November 1, 2013, Pitt’s Pepsi Dream Machine kiosks collected an average of almost 800 beverage containers each.

WHAT CAN BE RECYCLED AT PITT? • Mixed office paper (any grade or type of uncoated paper) • Newsprint • Cardboard • Aluminum cans • Fluorescent lamps • Plastic containers • Glass containers • Toner cartridges • Carpet

• Scrap metal (aluminum, steel, stainless steel, copper, etc.) • Leaf and yard waste • Dry and wet cell batteries (any size or type) • Cellular phones and other personal electronic devices • Computers and other office equipment • Construction and demolition waste

Recycling receptacles

1,023

TONS OF PAPER AND CARDBOARD WERE RECYCLED . IN FISCAL YEAR 2013

In 2013, Pitt recycled 1,023 tons of paper and cardboard. This is equivalent to saving 17,391 trees, 387,000 gallons of oil, nearly 7.1 million gallons of water, more than 3,300 cubic yards of landfill space, or more than 4,000 megawatt hours of energy. That’s enough to power the average American home for 511 years. 2 0 1 3 R E P O R T O N S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y

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SUSTAINABLE . DINING At the same time that students, faculty, and staff pause to refresh and refuel, the University’s Dining Services are hard at work, ensuring that sustainable practices are in place through programs designed to reduce food and packaging waste, repurpose cooking by-products as more sustainable forms of fuel, and reduce the amount of energy used to provide nutrition to the campus community.

Pitt’s Dining Services recently implemented a composting program aimed at reducing pre- and postconsumer waste at its Litchfield Towers Market Central facility (the largest student dining facility on the Pittsburgh campus). The commercialgrade pulper, extractor, and food digester converts between 750 and 900 pounds of food waste daily into 150 gallons of inorganic waste and almost 200 pounds of organic compostable material—a food waste reduction rate of nearly 75 percent and a natural way to enhance and enrich campus green space. While some of the resulting compost is used in campus landscaping, the remainder is redirected back to the local farms that provide Pitt’s fresh produce, bringing the food supply and reuse process full circle. Other savings realized from Market Central’s composting program include approximately 90,000 gallons of water recycled annually through the food waste composting system as well as cost savings achieved by reducing waste hauling fees.

Trayless Dining At the start of the 2009–10 school year, Pitt’s Dining Services removed trays from the largest dining facilities that offer all-you-can-eat meals. Not only did this initiative reduce the amount of food waste by discouraging students from taking more food than they could eat (and thus throw away), but it also has reduced dish washing requirements, saving energy, dish detergent, and thousands of gallons of water each year.

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75%

Compost photos courtesy of the Pitt Chronicle

Compost System

FOOD WASTE REDUCTION VIA COMPOST SYSTEM

The compost system converts between 750 and 900 pounds of food waste daily into 150 gallons of inorganic waste and almost 200 pounds of organic compostable material. Above: Market Central’s food waste composting system. Left: Trayless dining at Pitt dining facilities helps to reduce food, dish detergent, and water waste on campus.

Fossil Free Fuel Pitt’s Dining Services are proud to support ReFuel Pittsburgh and give their cooking oil waste from Market Central, the Perch at Sutherland, the Cathedral Café, and Schenley Café to Fossil Free Fuel, a local organization that recycles and repurposes the waste vegetable cooking oil used in kitchens big and small into pure plant oil, an alternative to petroleum diesel. Pitt’s involvement assists these organizations in improving local water and air quality as well as in reducing the amount of money that leaves the region through purchases of petroleum-based fuel.

Refill Program Dining Services help Pitt students, faculty, and staff to save money by being good to the earth. When members of the University community use a reusable mug or bottle, Dining Services offer a $.25 discount on hot beverages and $.99 cold beverage refills. The incentive prevents countless disposable cups from being discarded and demonstrates to students that reduced waste is better not only for the environment but also for their wallets.

ENERGY STAR Appliances and Track Lighting System Many of the appliances used to support Dining Services (like walk-in coolers, dishwashers, and air screen coolers) are energy-efficient ENERGY STAR appliances that use less energy, cost less to operate, and help to protect the climate. In addition to these efforts, the University has installed a Lutron Electronics Co., Inc., lighting system in Market Central. The lighting system meets energy conservation goals and allows Pitt’s Department of Housing and Food Services to control zones and power down areas where lighting is not needed, achieving energy and cost savings.

Additional Eco-conscious . Dining Services Initiatives: • Eco Lab Wareswashing Systems reduce chemical waste created during the washing cycle of flatware by 30 percent.

Packaging

• Pitt’s main produce distributor supplies the University with local, organic fruits and vegetables from farms in Wexford, Enon Valley, and Butler County, Pa.

Nearly all food and beverage packaging on Pitt’s campus through Dining Services is biodegradable and compostable, made with sustainable materials like plant fibers, potato starch, biopolymers, and recycled materials. By phasing out its use of Styrofoam packaging, the University has been able to avoid sending thousands of pounds of trash that will virtually never decompose to landfills.

• It’s fitting that at the University, Dining Services would strive to educate the Pitt community about where campus food comes from. Meet the Farmer is a monthly event at which a local farmer talks to Pitt students at Market Central, sharing information about his or her farming practices and how he or she grows the food that ends up on plates on campus.

36%

FOOD WASTE REDUCTION VIA TRAYLESS DINING

Waste was weighed prior to and after the trayless dining program was implemented and showed a . 36 percent reduction in food waste.

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TRANSPORTATION The Pittsburgh campus is located in the heart of Oakland, a neighborhood filled with rich social offerings like dining, parks, and museums that is just one of the many diverse communities of Pittsburgh—one of America’s fastest-growing cities. With all of the vibrant activities happening in and around Oakland, accessible and efficient transportation is vital to the University’s students, faculty, and staff. Thus, Pitt continues to devote resources to the development, maintenance, and support of sustainable and eco-friendly transportation on and around campus. Public Transit at Pitt The Port Authority of Allegheny County provides public transportation throughout Pittsburgh, including Pitt’s urban campus. The Port Authority owns and operates 32 hybrid diesel/ electric buses, six of which travel through Oakland down Forbes and Fifth avenues. These buses emit far fewer harmful emissions than diesel buses, average 25 percent greater fuel mileage, and have better acceleration. Students, faculty, and staff can ride the bus (as well as the Port Authority’s inclines and light rail system) fare free with their University IDs.

BIKING at Pitt The University has 77 bike parking locations, 13 protected (garage) bike parking areas, and three bike locker rental facilities, for a total of more than 1,600 bicycle parking spaces, making it a cyclist-friendly environment. In addition, the University has committed additional resources aimed at encouraging

biking to and around campus. For example, a Dero Fixit Station was installed outside the Barco Law Library in May 2012. This heavy-duty repair stand has an air pump and a selection of bike tools to help cyclists contend with unexpected yet routine bike maintenance needs. Also, the University’s Parking, Transportation, and Services department is equipped to assist cyclists needing a flat tire fix with a tire patch kit.

Carpooling and Vanpooling If taking the bus or biking to campus isn’t a viable option for some of those at Pitt, a carpool or vanpool might fit the bill. Not only do both carpooling and vanpooling save riders money on parking, gas, and car maintenance, but they also help to reduce the amount of air pollution in the area around campus, helping the Pitt community to breathe easier. Pitt supports and provides perks to those who take part in this sustainable practice, including courtesy parking at select lots and reduced prices on parking leases.

“ [Pitt’s] charging stations work very well . and provide the electric power for my return trip home from campus. I calculate that . I have saved up to 404 gallons of gasoline . so far since owning the vehicle.” – Dennis Galletta, professor, Joseph M. Katz Graduate . School of Business Every day, Dennis Galletta takes advantage of electric vehicle charging technology and charges his Chevrolet Volt in the Wesley W. Posvar Hall Garage while he works and teaches on campus.

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Electric Vehicle Charging Stations The University of Pittsburgh recently became home to eight electric vehicle charging stations, located at Wesley W. Posvar Hall garage, the Soldiers & Sailors garage, and the O’Hara Garage. Pitt’s investment in electric vehicle charging technology demonstrates a commitment to not only endorsing more sustainable transportation and commuting but also providing and maintaining the infrastructure to support it.

Zipcars There are times when having access to a personal vehicle is a must. For those times, the eight Zipcar rental stations located near the Pittsburgh campus make car sharing an easy reality for the campus community. These hybrids and gas-efficient sedans help urban populations (like that at Pitt) to lower their reliance on personally owned vehicles by making them available for rental on a short-term as-needed basis. According to Zipcar, this translates into 20 fewer cars on the road and about 219 gallons of gas saved per Zipcar per year.

SHUTTLE. ROUTES

FISCAL YEAR 2013 Transportation Statistics

5.3

MILLION BUS RIDES

5.3 million bus rides have been taken using the Port Authority freefare ridership.

112

VANPOOL RIDERS

Pitt’s Pittsburgh campus has 112 vanpool riders sharing 10 vans.

359

The University offers nine comprehensive shuttle routes to move students around campus and to popular nearby destinations. Students sharing the ride on these biodiesel-fueled shuttles can find current shuttle locations through a live shuttle tracker map, complete with expected arrival times at each shuttle stop and destination.

CARPOOL RIDERS

There are approximately 359 riders registered in 166 carpools.

180

BIKE RACKS

Cyclists can choose from more than 1,600 bike parking spaces in 180 bike racks at 77 different campus locations.

Vanpool vans

Pitt has invested in creating more than 1,600 spaces for cyclists to safely park their bikes. Seen here are the racks at Hillman Library. Top right: Designated vanpool van parking at Benedum Hall Bottom right: A Pitt shuttle bus stops at Sutherland Hall on upper campus.

Shuttle bus stop

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CAMPUS COMPUTING The University of Pittsburgh’s Computing Services and Systems Development (CSSD) provides innovative information technology services to support learning, teaching, research, and business at the University. Nationally recognized for innovation and excellence, CSSD uses leading-edge technology services to foster environmental sustainability through a number of different services available to the University community—students, faculty, and staff alike. SELF-SERVICE PRINTING When Pitt students need to print, they can send their documents to one of a growing number of self-service printing stations located across campus. These stations—located in residence halls, campus computing labs, the William Pitt Union, and other areas used heavily by students—have helped to cut down on the quantity of sheets of paper that are printed and then discarded. In the 2012–13 academic year, 1 million sheets of paper were saved through the adoption of self-service printing.

The campus computing labs set all machines to “go to sleep” after 30 minutes of inactivity. REDUCING OUR CARBON FOOTPRINT Pitt’s Read Green service allows more than 13,200 faculty and staff members to receive paper-based mailings as a digital link delivered to their e-mail inbox. In addition to reducing paper waste, the program reduces the University’s carbon footprint by reducing the need to transport University mail by truck between campuses.

Self-service printing stations are located at more than 25 locations across campus and allow users to print from a variety of University-approved sources.

SAVING ENERGY CSSD’s commitment to replacing all student computing lab computers after three years of use is driven by a sustainability strategy to procure and use the most energy-efficient technology at the University. Currently, all Pitt labs have equipment that uses less power and generates less heat than older equipment; CSSD now is purchasing ENERGY STAR 5.0 equipment. The campus computing labs apply sustainable technology practices, powering off workstations when labs are closed and setting machines to “go to sleep” after 30 minutes of inactivity. All printer paper is made of 30 percent recycled content.

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CSSD has been able to reduce the number of computers needed to maintain University servers by using server virtualization technology. Pitt’s server consolidation efforts have consolidated 709 servers onto a VMware cluster consisting of just 40 computers. Fewer computers mean less energy usage. As an example, the number of servers hosted at the University’s Network Operations Center (NOC) nearly doubled between July 2009 and July 2012, but power consumption for server hosting actually decreased during that same period, due largely to server virtualization.

SERVER CONSOLIDATION CSSD provides centralized hosting for research computing clusters at its NOC, which conserves both costs and energy by leveraging the infrastructure, cooling, and power systems already in place at the NOC. As an example, after the research computing cluster at Eberly Hall was moved to the NOC, Eberly Hall’s electrical usage decreased by 24 percent during the following fiscal year.

CAMPUS COMPUTING SUSTAINABILITY . EFFORTS BY THE NUMBERS SELF-SERVICE ACCOUNTS Self-service accounts enable incoming students to activate their network account information via an online portal, saving the paper traditionally associated with that process and cutting the University’s carbon footprint by reducing the amount of mail that must be transported by truck and airplane.

WEB CONFERENCING Through technology, University students, faculty, and staff are able to conduct meetings with partners located anywhere in the world, without ever having to leave campus, thereby lowering Pitt’s carbon footprint by reducing travel. CSSD provides Microsoft Lync software to all members of the University community at no cost, making Web conferencing an easy option. With meeting attendees’ having the ability to share documents, screens, and whiteboards online, resources like paper and ink are being used more efficiently.

CELL PHONE RECYCLING Program There are multiple permanent locations on the Pittsburgh campus where students, faculty, and staff can drop off old cell phones, smartphones, and accessories as part of the campus’ Cell Phone Recycling Program. Cell phones contain toxic materials that are harmful to landfills and air and water sources if they aren’t disposed of and destroyed properly. Pitt’s program ensures that the campus community has an environmentally responsible method of discarding these devices.

What Can We Do to Contribute . to Sustainable Technology Efforts? • Choose items with the latest ENERGY STAR specifications. • Eliminate “vampire power” (power used by devices even when they are turned off) by unplugging the devices or using power strips. • Manage your computer’s power usage by adjusting the machine’s monitor/display sleep setting, its hard drive/hard disk sleep setting, and its system/standby sleep setting. • Reconsider printing a file. If it is necessary to print, adjust the margins and print on both sides of the paper. • When electronics are not in use, power them down and turn them off.

Paper saved through self-service printing: in MILLION SHEETS saved the 2012–13 academic year OF PAPER

AVERAGE NUMBER OF CDs and CD cases saved each year thanks to digital software distribution:

17,000 14,500

by distributing titles via the Software Download Service by using an automated network connection wizard for wired and wireless connections

Power saved through server virtualization:

JULY 2009

JULY 2012

677 enterprise and departmental servers hosted at the Network Operations Center

1,257 enterprise and departmental servers hosted at the Network Operations Center

337

KVA (kilovoltampere) power consumption

314

KVA power consumption

Although the number of servers hosted at the Network Operations Center almost doubled from July 2009 to July 2012, server power consumption actually decreased during the same period, due largely to server virtualization. 2 0 1 3 R E P O R T O N S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y

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SUSTAINABLE PURCHASING From raw materials and manufacturing to product packaging and delivery, procurement of goods and services can have a substantial impact on the environment. The University of Pittsburgh has consolidated its purchasing and payment processes into its new online PantherExpress system. PantherExpress has developed sustainable purchasing objectives, processes, and guidelines that promote responsible and sustainable purchasing of goods and services. PANTHEREXPRESS In order to help other University departments and units make more eco-friendly and environmentally sound purchases, PantherExpress has created guidelines that encourage users to make purchases that incorporate the three R’s—reduce, reuse, recycle. For example, Pitt encourages sustainable purchases that include products and materials that are reusable, refillable, and rechargeable; that are made from recycled or remanufactured materials; that were made using environmentally sound practices; whose transfer or shipping process includes minimal packaging waste and avoids air shipping if possible; and that, if they cannot be reused or recycled, can be disposed of in a manner safe to people and the environment. PantherExpress’ Sustainable Purchasing Web site is a one-stop shop for all things related to making environmentally sound purchases on behalf of the University. From contact and product lists of vendors who offer sustainable commodities like ink and toner, cleaning products, and paper and office equipment to instructions on how to set computers and printers to operate at

energy-saving levels, the information and support that Pitt faculty and staff members need to make sustainable business choices and expenditures are just a few clicks away. For more information, visit the PantherExpress Sustainable Purchasing Web site at cfo.pitt.edu/pexpress/purchases/ buyingGreen.php.

Objectives of the University’s . Sustainable Purchasing Process • Increase the purchase of products with a reduced or minimal environmental impact as compared to other similar products and services that serve the same purpose. • Comply with regulations requiring sound financial stewardship by the University. • Comply with regulations that require the University to identify business opportunities for diversity and disadvantaged suppliers.

PARTNERING WITH OFFICE DEPOT Efforts to increase the purchasing of sustainable products have been realized through a partnership with Office Depot, Inc., the University’s contracted supplier for office supplies.

Between 2012 and 2013, there was a $50,000 (or 8 percent) decrease in the amount spent on cut sheet paper, while the amount spent on paper with recycled content increased by approximately 18 percent ($43,000). 26

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With the University’s assistance, Office Depot instituted a greener tote program, which replaces boxes with reusable tote bags for lighter-weight and smaller orders.

927 1,532 BOXES SAVED QUARTERLY

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT (IN POUNDS) OF AVOIDED WOOD USE

1,663

APPROXIMATE AMOUNT (IN POUNDS) OF CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS AVOIDED

STUDENT HOUSING Photo courtesy of Chuck Beard

Pitt’s commitment to sustainability is reflected in the design and maintenance of 15 residence halls and five apartment complexes, setting an example of environmental responsibility against an urban campus backdrop. Urban living is a signature of student life at the University of Pittsburgh. When new students move into campus housing each fall—the annual event known affectionately at Pitt as Arrival Survival—the Green Team, one of Pitt’s eco-focused student groups, collects cardboard for recycling. Green Team members consist of student volunteers who collect the cardboard boxes that students discard after they unpack. The cardboard is removed from the buildings, picked up by representatives from the Facilities Management Division, and sent for recycling. Pitt’s incoming freshman class receives environmentally friendly gifts, including reusable shopping bags, flash drives, bike maps, and coffee mugs. Move-out includes the Clutter for a Cause event, which collected nearly 400 pounds of food for the Greater Pittsburgh Community Food Bank and enough appliances, clothes, and furniture to fill a Goodwill Industries International, Inc., trailer truck. Since 2008, the Department of Housing and Food Services has offered recycling services on every floor of every residence hall. This effort helps to decrease the use of landfills, preserves natural resources, and saves energy. Hard-to-recycle items such as cell phones and printer cartridges can be discarded at designated locations in various residence halls. Additional special events are scheduled periodically to allow for the disposal of televisions, computers, DVD players, and other small appliances.

MARK A. NORDENBERG HALL Pitt’s commitment to environmental innovation means that urban living can be compatible with sustainability. Perhaps nowhere is this commitment better exemplified than in Pitt’s newest residence hall, Mark A. Nordenberg Hall, which aims to achieve LEED Silver certification. The new residence hall features: • energy-efficient lighting; • low-flow plumbing fixtures; • plantings at street level and sedum on the third-floor patio that are low maintenance, requiring no irrigation; • more than 20 percent of all building materials include recycled content; and • more than 20 percent of all building materials were manufactured within 500 miles of the hall’s site. During Nordenberg Hall’s construction, more than 75 percent of the related building waste was recycled and diverted from landfills. Meanwhile, a day-to-day operational recycling program is in place for residents of the building.

Members of the Green Team coordinate cardboard recycling during Arrival Survival, Pitt’s residence hall move-in event.

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STUDENT . COMMUNITY In addition to doing course work and research on sustainability and environmentalism, students at the University of Pittsburgh actively participate in many student environmental organizations. These student-initiated groups and programs empower students to invest in their community and to advocate for a more sustainable campus. The University works closely with these organizations and values the positive contributions made possible through the fresh ideas and enthusiasm of its students. Pitt Environmental A great place to first get acquainted with all the things related to sustainability at Pitt, the Pitt Environmental Web site (www.pittenvironmental.org) provides “a common space for the environmental and sustainability community in and around Pitt, with a shared blog, events calendar, and community forums that anyone can participate in.” The Web site houses a blog that includes updates about symposia and conferences geared toward environmental issues, news about the Pitt curriculum, and discussion groups that invite in-person and online engagement.

ENGINEERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD Pitt’s Engineers for a Sustainable World chapter is a community of students who are passionate about using their engineering education and skills to develop sustainable and service-oriented programming. Recent community initiatives include developing a wind belt prototype for the Energy Innovation Center, located in Pittsburgh’s Hill District neighborhood, and a rainwater catchment system for the Plant to Plate garden. The group also transformed a campus parking spot into a public art space in honor of PARK(ing) Day, an international event in which parking spots are transformed creatively into spaces for public use. The group also organizes the annual Panther Power Down Showdown, a residence hall energy reduction competition held each fall.

FREE THE PLANET Free the Planet has led the implementation of RecycleMania on campus since 2009. The group is active on social media, using various channels to promote this and other programs that

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advocate for a more sustainable and healthy Pitt community. This student group has assisted in obtaining and allocating extra recycling receptacles and signage around campus as well as taking the lead on organizing events such as a recycled materials fashion show.

PITT Green Fund The mission of the Pitt Green Fund (www.pittgreenfund.com) is to “finance and support student-initiated projects and programs that make Pitt’s operations more environmentally sustainable, socially equitable, and energy efficient.” It’s with the support of this fund, which is managed by the Green Fund Advisory Board, that many of the most exciting and successful green student-born initiatives have come to life.

Current and Ongoing Projects Supported: • The Sustainable Pittsburgh Handbook: A student publication updated each year and distributed to incoming freshmen on Pitt’s campus, the handbook is filled with information about the sustainable community and how students can contribute to eco-conscious efforts on campus and in Oakland. • Hydration Stations: See the Reduce, Reuse, Recycle section (page 18) for more information about this Pitt Green Fundsponsored initiative. • Reusable Water Bottle Campaign: Through this project, Pitt students are invited to receive, at no cost to them, a postconsumer BPA-free reusable plastic water bottle in exchange for a pledge to reduce or eliminate their use of disposable water bottles.

The Plant to Plate garden teaches students sustainable agriculture practices in an urban garden setting. Composters are used to create a compost tea, an organic liquid fertilizer that encourages healthy plant growth.

Plant to Plate Garden at Oakland Avenue and Sennott Street

PLANT TO PLATE Plant to Plate is a Pitt student group that joins together the plant, the kitchen, and the community. The group’s mission is simple: “teach students how to grow their own food, take them into the kitchen to learn how to cook it, and then let them give back to the community by teaching others.” Plant to Plate members maintain garden plots at Oakland Avenue and Sennott Street and the fresh produce is given to the Oakland Food Pantry. More information can be found on the group’s Web site, www.pitt.edu/~sorc/plant2plate.

MORE Eco-Focused Pitt Student Groups • Greenpeace, University of Pittsburgh chapter • Pittsburgh Student Environmental Coalition • Engineers Without Borders, University of Pittsburgh chapter • Students for Sustainability • Take Back the Tap • Student Government Board Environmental Committee

“ Sustainability at Pitt must not be looked at as an isolated goal. Instead, it must be incorporated into all facets of the University: education, research, administration, and operations.” – Sage Lincoln,. business manager, Free the Planet; environmental . geology and urban studies major, Class of 2016

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GREENHOUSE GAS . INVENTORY Through a combined strategy of lowering emissions and the use of cutting-edge technology, the University of Pittsburgh managed to lower its total greenhouse gas emissions by 2 percent over three years—despite several noteworthy campus expansions. The ever-shifting landscape of the University of Pittsburgh campus saw significant expansion in recent years, notably the construction of the Petersen Sports Complex and additions to the Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation, Chevron Science Center, and Fanny Edel Falk Laboratory School buildings. All told, Pitt added more than 291,000 gross square feet of space from fiscal year 2008 to fiscal year 2011. Remarkably, what didn’t expand were the University’s greenhouse gas emissions. In fact, Pitt lowered its output by 2 percent during that same time frame, according to the Greenhouse Gas Inventory, which the Facilities Management Division produces in conjunction with the Mascaro Center. First produced in 2008, the inventory uses the Clean Air - Cool Planet Campus Carbon Calculator tool to measure emissions related to Pitt’s energy consumption; commuting by faculty, staff, and students; air travel; waste and wastewater disposal; paper usage; and other sources.

The most recent inventory measured output as of fiscal year 2011, and the University plans to update its report every two to three years moving forward. The goal is to quantify campus emissions and, in doing so, to create effective strategies that target areas of opportunity for emissions reductions.

Purchased electricity emissions dropped

2 percent, thanks to a combination of conserved usage and improved fuel mix data, with less reliance on coal and greater emphasis on hydroelectric and natural gas generation. Among the initiatives that contributed to the reduction was the transfer of steam production to the new Carrillo Street Steam Plant, which is outfitted with ultra-low nitrogen oxide (NOX) burners, greatly cutting down on greenhouse gas emissions despite an increase in campus steam demand. Solid waste emissions dropped 75 percent due to a general reduction in waste (down 650 short tons from 2008) and the incorporation of methane recovery at the landfill that houses the University’s waste. This technique traps and stores methane before it is released into the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas.

Carrillo Street Steam Plant

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Future recommendations include expanding the Carrillo Street Steam Plant technology to other facilities and continuing to encourage faculty members to consider telecommunication as an alternative to physical travel to conferences and speaking engagements.

UNIVERSITY EMISSIONS Pitt’s greenhouse gas emissions were reduced by 4,900 metric tons between 2008 and 2011. This reduction is equivalent to the annual emissions from 1,021 passenger vehicles, 1,835 tons of waste sent to a landfill, 549,000 gallons of gasoline consumed, the energy used by 245 homes for one year, or the carbon sequestered by 4,000 acres of U.S. forests for one year. To view the 2011 Greenhouse Gas Inventory report in its entirety, please visit www.facmgmt.pitt.edu/ sustainability.html.

2008 EMISSIONS

2011 EMISSIONS

Solid Waste Paper Paper Fleet Natural Gas University 2% 1% Scope 2 Natural Gas 1% Scope 2 <1% Wastewater 3% T&D Losses Wastewater 2% T&D Losses Directly Financed 1% 6% 1% 5% University Fleet Air Travel Refrigerants Solid Waste <1% 9% Student 1% and Chemicals On-Campus Study Abroad Commuting Generated 1% Air Travel 2% Steam .4% 8% Directly Financed Faculty/Staff Air Travel Commuting 13% 5% Student Commuting Purchased Steam Purchased Purchased 2% 20% Electricity Electricity Faculty/Staff 51% 50% Commuting 5%

Largest sources leading to the 2 PERCENT overall carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction: • Total steam emissions dropped 6 percent despite an increase in campus steam demand, related directly to the transfer of production to the new Carrillo Street Steam Plant. The Carrillo Street plant is equipped with ultra-low NOX burners (9 ppm NOX), which greatly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. • Purchased electricity dropped 2 percent, a result of both usage reductions and improved fuel mix data from the electricity supplier; the fuel mix now includes less coal generation and increased hydroelectric and natural gas generation. • Solid waste emissions were reduced by 75 percent due to both reduced waste in general (down 650 short tons from 2008) and the incorporation of methane recovery at the landfill where the University’s waste is taken. Methane recovery traps and stores methane before it is emitted into the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas.

Purchased Steam 11%

Category

Metric . Tons Co2e

Purchased Electricity

138,700

Purchased Electricity

135,500

Purchased Steam

55,100

Purchased Steam

29,400

Directly Financed Air Travel

24,800

Directly Financed Air Travel

33,600*

Generated Steam

—

Generated Steam

22,200

Steam Transmission Losses

16,600

Steam Transmission Losses

13,400

Faculty/Staff Commuting

13,600

Faculty/Staff Commuting

14,700*

Natural Gas

9,200

Natural Gas

5,700

Solid Waste

5,700

Solid Waste

1,400

Student Commuting

5,200

Student Commuting

5,500

Study Abroad Air Travel

—

Study Abroad Air Travel

1,100*

Paper

1,600

Paper

1,500

Wastewater

1,500

Wastewater

1,400

Refrigerants

800

Refrigerants

2,300

University Fleet

500

University Fleet

700*

Total Emissions

273,300

Total Emissions

268,400

* Fiscal year 2011 increases are related to improved data availability and are not necessarily actual increases in emissions.

Special thanks to Melissa Bilec, Can Aktas, and Kevin Ketchman from the Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation for their assistance with the 2008 and 2011 Greenhouse Gas inventories.

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EDUCATION AND RESEARCH

MASCARO CENTER

FOR SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION

The University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering has long operated at the forefront of sustainability, dating back to the debut of its pioneering green construction program in 1997. An offshoot of this program, the Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation (MCSI), would quickly grow into a center of excellence through the support of John C. Mascaro (ENGR ’66, ’80G), the Heinz Endowments, and the estate of George M. Bevier (ENGR 1913).

The center’s mission . is twofold: to create . systems and processes . that improve quality of life while positively impacting the environment and to educate and inspire the . next generation of leaders . in sustainability. Since its founding, MCSI has been the driving force behind the Swanson School’s commitment to environmentally responsible engineering and the integration of sustainable practices throughout the curriculum. MCSI has become the University’s academic sustainability conscience through its efforts to develop new paradigms in sustainability education and research.

The Center’s Evolution In the late 1990s, the University began its collaboration with the Heinz Endowments and the Green Building Alliance to develop a green construction program within the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. By 2003, the collaboration had evolved to form the Mascaro Sustainability Initiative (MSI), which focused on bringing national prominence to the region’s strong intellectual activity in green construction and sustainability. In 2005 and 2006, major grants from the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) and the U.S. Department of Education’s Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need program attracted a cohort of 21 highly talented and passionate U.S. graduate students from multiple disciplines who formed the early core of MSI’s research efforts. Many of these former

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students have gone on to influential positions in academia and industry, including at the University of Cambridge; Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Rochester Institute of Technology; Duke University; Avon Products, Inc.; United Technologies Corporation; and Volkswagen, among others. In 2007, then Provost James Maher recognized MSI’s growth and success by redesignating it the Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation. In 2009, MCSI moved into its new 42,000-squarefoot LEED Gold-certified facility, with 16 faculty members and more than 100 students.

“ I can’t say enough about the importance that the MCSI IGERT program played in my success in my current position at Arizona State University. The success and program growth that have occurred in my first year here at ASU are due in large part to the training and experiences I received while at MCSI and the Swanson School of Engineering.” - Scott Shrake, director of engineering projects in community service, . Arizona State University

SHINING A LIGHT ON INNOVATION A Holistic Approach to Sustainability Rather than simply integrating a sustainability component into an academic course or faculty-driven research, the Mascaro Center’s leadership has developed a holistic approach to sustainability that impacts the engineering curriculum, research, and even the Pitt campus and surrounding communities.

Curriculum From the first day of class, engineering freshmen are exposed to concepts of sustainability. For example, the Swanson School curriculum includes Engineering Applications for Society, a freshman honors course that focuses on sustainability in the community. Students learn and develop skills necessary to succeed as an engineer by solving a real problem of value to a local community organization. Students later present their research findings and recommendations to University personnel, community members, and family at the Freshman Sustainability Conference held each spring. Previous projects have benefited a diverse array of organizations from the Pittsburgh Parks Conservancy and the Oakland Planning & Development Corporation to the Community Human Services Corporation and the Hazelwood Initiative, Inc. Projects have included rail-to-trail development, evaluation of green roof potential for existing buildings, community garden water collection and irrigation, street beautification, and city park master planning.

(RE)BUILDING A BETTER HOME . Melissa Bilec, in collaboration with Pennsylvania State University, the Penn State Center, and the Kingsley Association, completed a unique service-based learning course in which University of Pittsburgh students conducted energy assessments first in Pittsburgh’s Larimer neighborhood and then the broader Pittsburgh community. Bilec’s Design for the Environment course served as a pilot site for Penn State’s National Energy Leadership Corps project. The students developed educational reports detailing how homeowners could lower their energy costs, decrease their carbon footprint, and improve their homes’ comfort and safety. The resulting reports recommended 250 energy-efficient measures (EEMs) ranging from the do-ityourself (like insulating hot water pipes) to the more complex (like installing a home energy management system or roofmounted solar photovoltaic arrays). Annual cost savings from EEMs ranged between $400 and $800 per household, for an average energy reduction of 28 percent.

John A. Swanson (ENGR ‘66G), left, and Gerald D. Holder, U. S. Steel Dean of Engineering, center, inspect the solar array on the roof of Benedum Hall. Funded by Swanson, the array is designed to provide hands-on research for the Swanson School’s new Electric Power Systems Lab.

MCSI research seed grants enable faculty members to secure larger amounts in federal grant funding. MCSI has granted a total of 59 research seed grants since 2004, resulting in more than $10.4 million in federal follow-on funding. Using an NSF grant, Paul Leu, assistant professor of industrial engineering, is leading a project that engages engineering students in the development of low-cost, high-efficiency solar cells through innovative instruction. Awarded through NSF’s Nanotechnology Undergraduate Education in Engineering program, Flipping Learning Models to Illuminate Nanomanufacturing and Nanomaterials for Photovoltaics will prepare future engineers to take on the grand challenge of manufacturing low-cost, high-efficiency solar cells through the scalable integration of nanomaterials. “Flipped learning” is a method of teaching that uses the Internet to leverage learning skills. Students first study a given topic via online learning, then return to the classroom or laboratory to apply the knowledge to solving problems.

“ The National Academy of Engineering has identified making solar energy economical as a grand challenge of the 21st century, and so my fellow investigators and I wanted to develop a method to bring young thinkers into the equation. By engaging high school students as well as our own undergraduates, we’ll encourage students with the four ‘I’s’: inspirational motivation, intellectual foundations, innovation skills, and increased involvement.” -Paul W. Leu, assistant professor of industrial engineering

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EDUCATION AND RESEARCH MASCARO CENTER FOR SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION, CONTINUED Engineering Certificates Focusing on Sustainability In addition to sustainability-related courses at both the undergraduate and graduate level, MCSI has developed certificate programs in sustainable engineering and engineering for humanity. The undergraduate Certificate in Sustainable Engineering is housed in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and administered through MCSI. It provides students from all engineering disciplines with an awareness of and sensitivity to environmental issues and the consequences of engineering systems. The certificate builds upon an increasing number of courses being offered with an emphasis on sustainability. The Certificate in Engineering for Humanity both guides and formalizes student participation in engineering projects in which social and/or environmental sustainability is a core focus. The certificate program addresses the significance of cultural, political, and business forces in the rapid and effective penetration of new technologies. Students have the option of pursuing either a U.S. or international track.

RESEARCH The Mascaro Center’s namesake, John C. “Jack” Mascaro, envisioned a center that was results oriented, not one that merely existed in a lab. Guided by this philosophy, MCSI research benefits Pitt through scholarship, operations, quality of life, and innovation and entrepreneurship.

“ I wanted the center to pursue outcomes that would have a real impact in the community. Only then are our efforts truly sustainable.”

Top row: Eric J. Beckman, codirector for science and technology and George M. Bevier Professor of Engineering, and Gena M. Kovalcik, codirector for administration and external relations Bottom row: Melissa Bilec, assistant director for education and outreach and assistant professor of civil and environmental engineering; Kimberly Leasure, office manager; and Laura A. Schaefer, deputy director, Bicentennial Board of Visitors Faculty Fellow, and professor of mechanical engineering and materials science

Across the Campus One of the best ways to engage students in sustainable practices is to encourage them to develop solutions that benefit the University as a whole. Each year, MCSI provides grants of up to $2,500 for hands-on, service-oriented environmental projects that benefit the University and/or the greater Pittsburgh community. Students and student organizations propose projects that are judged on their ability to create public awareness of sustainability issues, improve the quality of life in our region, and feature a strong public outreach or educational element. Some successful projects have included the following: • A battery collection and recycling program • A rain garden outside the Petersen Events Center • A sustainability scavenger hunt for Pitt’s incoming freshmen • Exploring nontraditional wind energy harvesting

Across the Community

Summer Research Program

By engaging students both in the classroom and in the community, MCSI helps the University to increase its human investment throughout the city, especially in low-income neighborhoods. Many of the programs interact with middle and high school students, helping to engage them in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and math.

Early funding from the Heinz Endowments and the Roy A. Hunt Foundation helped to jump-start a nascent summer research program for undergraduates that was awarded an NSF Research Experiences for Undergraduates grant. Additionally, MCSI was awarded an NSF International Research Experiences for Students grant that enabled undergraduate students to spend three weeks in Brazil conducting research at a partner institution. Through these programs, MCSI has supported more than 150 undergraduate summer research students.

A recent partnership linked students from MCSI and Pitt Engineers for a Sustainable World with Pittsburgh’s Kingsley Association to teach six classes on practical sustainability topics as part of Kingsley’s Urban Leadership Training Institute after school program. MCSI’s faculty members and graduate students also have served as mentors for the National Engineers Week Future City Competition that provides a fun and exciting opportunity for seventh- and eighth-grade students to design and present their visions of a city of the future.

- John C. Mascaro (ENGR ’66, ’80G), chair, . Mascaro Construction Company, L.P.

MCSI Leadership Team

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EXAMPLES OF MCSI RESEARCH Cogeneration for Steam Network Facilities Laura Schaefer, professor of mechanical engineering and materials science and deputy director of MCSI, led researchers in investigating the feasibility of using a solid-oxide fuel cell microturbine hybrid system for application in a university setting. Solid-oxide fuel cells are environmentally sustainable because they convert hydrogen and oxygen to electricity electrochemically, precluding the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere under ideal conditions. Schaefer’s group also studied the feasibility of using steam turbines to cogenerate electricity for the University.

Health care Sustainability . Melissa Bilec, assistant professor of civil and environmental engineering and MCSI assistant director for education and outreach, directed a research team that applied the life cycle assessment quantitative environmental impact analysis tool to study the environmental impact of birth and hysterectomy procedures at Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC. Magee is piloting several waste and energy reduction strategies that were recommended as a result of this research.

Using Naturally Occurring Iron Oxides in Rural Regions of Inner Mongolia, successfully competed against 43 other teams from some of the top universities in the United States.

Design of Bamboo Structures . Kent Harries’ work to promote, design, and build bamboo structures in the Indian Himalayas was highlighted on the Discovery Channel in 2011. Harries, from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, advised a team of students from Pitt and the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur that was selected as one of 30 finalists for the Mondialogo Engineering Award (sponsored by Daimler AG and UNESCO). Their project, Promotion of Bamboo as a Cost-effective and Sustainable Structural Material, won a silver medal awarded by an international jury out of a total of 932 submissions from 94 countries.

Smart Insulation . William Clark, Mark Kimber, and Laura Schaefer from the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science are developing a novel concept for “smart” insulation. Unlike conventional insulation, which is designed to prevent heat transfer, smart insulation is designed to allow heat transfer under certain circumstances when it would be beneficial. Allowing beneficial heat transfer could provide economic and environmental benefits by saving energy required for space conditioning.

Free-Stream Hydropower . Lisa Weiland from the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science used an MCSI seed grant to conduct research on novel free-stream hydropower systems (in collaboration with the community of Vandergrift, Pa.) that led directly to her NSF Faculty Early Development (CAREER) Program award and ultimately to the creation of the start-up company Renerge, Inc.

Water-Oil Separation . Seed funding to Di Gao from the Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering led to the discovery of a novel water-oil separation process that was highlighted by national media during the BP oil spill crisis of 2010. In addition, an MCSI undergraduate team led by Gao earned a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency P3 design award. The P3 award encourages students to apply technology in innovative ways to tackle global environmental challenges. Their project, Removal of Arsenic from Groundwater

Students from MCSI’s summer research program constructed a bamboo gridshell structure for use as a rapidly deployable emergency shelter in natural disaster response.

Development of Energy Prediction Tools . for Data Center Thermal Management . Mark Kimber from the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science is leading a project to develop better predictive tools for power consumption in data centers. The project will develop simulation tools and validate their use with actual measurements from Pitt’s own data centers. Once fully validated, such a tool will help data center designers to balance the economical and environmental challenges tied to these powerintensive operations.

Development of nonfluorous, . highly CO2-Soluble materials . Eric Beckman, MCSI’s codirector for science and technology, received a Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge award from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for his work in nonfluorous, highly carbon dioxide-soluble materials.

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EDUCATION AND RESEARCH

SUSTAINABILITY

ACROSS THE . UNIVERSITY CURRICULUM

The University of Pittsburgh is working to ensure that all students have the opportunity to study sustainability by offering an array of undergraduate- and graduate-level courses in such diverse disciplines as political science, economics, business, geology, and public and international affairs. In fact, 60 Pitt faculty members are currently doing sustainabilityrelated scholarly work, and Pitt offers 64 courses with sustainability content. Two notable examples are the following: The Environmental Law Clinic in the School of Law works largely in the areas of water quality, water rights, mining, solid waste disposal, and land use. The clinic represents low-income clients in matters ranging from legislative drafting to litigation to client counseling. Students in the clinic work in interdisciplinary teams to solve clients’ environment-related legal problems.

FALK LABORATORY SCHOOL Fanny Edel Falk Laboratory School is a K–8 campus laboratory school affiliated with Pitt’s School of Education. When the school decided to build a new wing, it became a showcase for the ingenuity of green design. From a roof that grows plants to sensor-activated lights and faucets, the new construction illustrates how a commitment to sustainability can live side by side with cutting-edge technology. Many innovative design features are incorporated into the new wing, including an air exchange system rather than air conditioning in some rooms, new cabinets made from recycled wood fiber, and recycled steel in the building’s foundation. An outdoor classroom and walking paths have been constructed on the hillside behind the school as a result of the School-ground Habitat Enhancement and Restoration Project (SHERP), a joint initiative with the Audubon Society of Western Pennsylvania. Pitt’s Facilities Management Division and students from several Pitt fraternities assisted with labor and materials for the project. Clockwise from top left: Falk School’s green wing was designed and built to LEED certification standards. The new addition boasts a vegetative roof and Falk students now have an outdoor classroom and walking paths that facilitate hands-on science and nature exploration.

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The Graduate School of Public and International Affairs’ Master of Public Administration degree program’s new focus on energy and the environment provides students with a solid background in the policy aspect of Marcellus Shale drilling activities, environmental regulation, and similar topics.

of current courses COURSES . Number with sustainability content AT PITT (undergraduate and graduate level)

ENVIRONMENTAL . STUDIES Among the most successful interdisciplinary majors at the University of Pittsburgh, the Environmental Studies Program prepares students to lead in an increasingly green-conscious marketplace. Human interaction with nature is, by definition, complex, incorporating often unseen factors of the present into a footprint that shapes the future. The Environmental Studies Program at Pitt combines interdisciplinary approaches from numerous departments and six different schools to offer a comprehensive and expedient education in sustainability. Founded in 1996 and funded through the generous assistance of the Heinz Endowments, the program has produced both local and national award winners, including recipients of the prestigious Udall and Truman scholarships. Alumni have forged careers in education, government, international policy, industry, law, advocacy, and enforcement. A full-time coordinator works with students on course selection, internships, fieldwork, and career planning and other postbaccalaureate goals. Electives focus on practical and technical issues, the natural world, and policies that influence the environment. Students report that the program offers a solid foundation for a number of pursuits, including graduate studies and employment in related fields. The challenging academics combine both social and natural science course work to broaden the major and expose students to new ideas and opportunities.

Pymatuning photos courtesy of the Pitt Chronicle

Environmental studies students have assisted local organizations with community service projects such as a rain barrel initiative and a street tree inventory. In exchange, students have worked alongside professional staff members to learn about these organizations’ day-to-day operations firsthand.

The Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology, a year-round facility that is part of Pitt’s Department of Biological Sciences, is located in northwestern Pennsylvania on the shores of Pymatuning Lake. Pitt students have the opportunity to take undergraduate summer courses, learn in cutting-edge research facilities, and engage in community outreach through this program.

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COMMUNITY

COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP By maintaining and improving the quality of life in Oakland, Pitt raises both its own profile and that of the city neighborhood it calls home.

OAKLAND BUSINESS IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT As a vital member of the Oakland Business Improvement District (OBID) since its inception in 1999, Pitt supports the organization’s goals of maintaining a clean and safe community that attracts quality business and retail segments and promoting the neighborhood as a desirable place to work, learn, and live. Since 1999, OBID’s Clean and Green Program has swept more than 90 tons of garbage from the streets of Oakland, 12 tons of which were removed in 2012 alone. OBID contracts with Service Group, Inc., to provide daily sidewalk cleaning services; sanitize publicly used amenities such as pay phones, news racks, trash cans, and bus stops; and remove flyers and handbills from public utility poles. To specifically reduce cigarette butt litter, OBID has installed receptacles and distributed 1,000 handheld pocket ashtrays. The progress made through these initiatives has inspired the city to install recycling receptacles at intersections within the business district. By positioning sidewalk planters and hanging flower baskets along the Forbes Avenue corridor, OBID has brought in natural elements to soften the edges of a bustling business streetscape. OBID also offers graffiti removal and prevention assistance to its members and promotes the City of Pittsburgh’s 311 Response Center, which addresses problems with vandalism.

OAKLAND TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION With a distinctly urban campus, the University of Pittsburgh is surrounded by some of the busiest traffic patterns in the city. Through its membership in the Oakland Transportation Management Association (OTMA), Pitt advocates for a reduction in traffic and the ensuing pollution and congestion by encouraging the use of alternate means of transportation. Pitt also was a partner in OTMA’s Hometown Streets Safe Routes to School project, which secured more than $1.3 million to rebuild intersections; provide new crosswalks, sidewalks, handicap ramps, cross signals, and light poles; and expand sidewalk bumpouts in Oakland along the busy Fifth and Forbes corridor.

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TONS OF . GARBAGE

Since 1999, OBID’s Clean and Green . Program has swept more than 90 tons . of garbage from the streets of Oakland, . 12 tons of which were removed in 2012 alone. OTMA serves as a connecting point for businesses, institutions, and residents of Oakland to create a dialogue focused on transportation issues. For example, students who want new bike racks can access resources through OTMA to find out how they can move their idea forward into a project. The association also keeps the public informed of public policy affecting transportation through its Web site and social media. Pitt worked with OTMA for its annual Bike to Campus Day, treating bicycle commuters to breakfast, giveaways, discount coupons, and prize drawings. Riders who registered their bikes received inspections and reflective backpacks filled with maps and safety gear, including a first aid kit, reflectors, and a clipon LED headlight. The University has strongly supported the installation of bike racks throughout the business district and at campus buildings and is working collaboratively with the city and other stakeholders to strategically locate BikeShare stations at multimodal points on campus. Other OTMA services include parking reservations, transportation fairs, and community planning.

HIGH-TRAFFIC . INTERSECTIONS UPDATED The efforts of OTMA partners, including the University of Pittsburgh, led to the successful updating of 11 high-traffic pedestrian intersections along Fifth and Forbes avenues.

Intersections on Pitt’s campus, like the one shown here, have benefited from OMTA-funded improvements like enhanced lighting and crosswalks and pedestrian countdown signals.

HOMETOWN STREETS Through its membership in the Oakland Transportation Management Association, the University of Pittsburgh supported the Hometown Streets Safe Routes to School project, a pedestrian safety and mobility initiative. Oakland, the Pittsburgh neighborhood the University calls home, is a place where pedestrians, cyclists, and motorized vehicles exist side by side. To help to promote pedestrian safety and mobility, Pitt partnered with OTMA, the City of Pittsburgh, and UPMC to support the $1.3 million project. Through this initiative, 11 intersections along Pitt’s campus on Forbes and Fifth avenues were significantly upgraded. Improvements included new LED pedestrian walk signals; wider, more visible crosswalks; curb extensions; and street lighting. Pitt, UPMC, and the city contributed to the program to cover costs that exceeded its initial funding from the Southwestern Pennsylvania Commission and the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. In-kind support from the University included planning, design, and construction management services valued at $250,000. The overall impact of Hometown Streets has been greater visibility of pedestrians and bicyclists to motorists, creating a safer, more convenient, and more aesthetically appealing neighborhood.

HIGHER EDUCATION CLIMATE CONSORTIUM As one of the most recognizable institutions in the city of Pittsburgh, Pitt takes seriously its responsibility to set a standard for excellence in environmental stewardship. Part of that commitment is the University’s membership in the Higher Education Climate Consortium (HECC), which meets quarterly to share experiences and work collaboratively toward the advancement of sustainability on the schools’ campuses. As a member of HECC, the University of Pittsburgh has formalized its commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions through a variety of initiatives alongside other Pittsburgh colleges and universities. These initiatives are labeled short term (within two years), medium term (within five years), and long term (beyond five years) to ensure an ongoing commitment to sustainability. HECC has developed a series of recommendations addressing energy use, transportation, recycling and waste management, and other factors contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. The University’s sustainability initiatives were featured prominently in the September 2013 issue of Pittsburgh Magazine in an article spotlighting HECC colleges and universities leading

the way in the development and implementation of sustainable practices in the city. Pitt’s membership in HECC complements the University’s efforts to position itself as a leader in the region’s efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Laura W. Zullo, senior manager of energy initiatives in Pitt’s Facilities Management Division, currently serves as cochair of HECC.

HECC’s vision is to “ [r]evolutionize the image and activities of [the] Pittsburgh region’s higher education systems by working collaboratively to strengthen this region’s position as a leader in addressing its greenhouse gas emissions as well as determining what is feasible in . the Pittsburgh region to achieve carbon neutrality.” 2 0 1 3 R E P O R T O N S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y

COMMUNITY

GREENING THE. COMMUNITY At Pitt, part of being a distinguished community leader is being a strong community neighbor. The University has been recognized as one of the nation’s top universities positively impacting the urban community that surrounds it. Pitt’s dedication to being a good neighbor can be seen in its support of redeveloping, maintaining, and sustaining Oakland-area parks and gardens. SCHENLEY PLAZA The University of Pittsburgh partnered with the Pittsburgh Parks Conservancy to transform a five-acre parcel of nearby Schenley Park from a parking lot into an award-winning, multifunctional green space. With its urban campus, the University of Pittsburgh is constantly looking for new opportunities to provide green space to improve the quality of life for the community. Such parcels offer recreation and respite from the bustle of Oakland, one of Pittsburgh’s busiest corridors. A five-acre section of nearby Schenley Park, adjacent to Forbes Avenue and Hillman Library, became a multifunctional plaza with the assistance of Pitt’s Facilities Management Division, which contributed to the conceptual design and managed the construction process. The finished project provided Pittsburgh with an additional acre of new green space. The plaza now includes a grass field with pedestrian paths and a portable stage, movable outdoor seating, a tented area for shade, ornamental gardens, food kiosks, free wireless service, and a Victorian-style carousel. The space also is home to a full-service restaurant, the Porch at Schenley. The renovation won the silver award in the Environmentally Sustainable Projects category at the 2009 International Awards for Liveable Communities. Meanwhile, The Pitt News designated Schenley Plaza the “best place to hang out” in 2008.

“ Schenley Plaza’s conversion from a parking lot to a vital green gathering place has improved the quality of life in Oakland.” – Meg Cheever, president and CEO, Pittsburgh Parks Conservancy

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Top and middle: The before and after stages of Schenley Plaza’s green transformation Bottom: Schenley Plaza’s gardens

COMMUNITY GARDENS: CLEAN AND GREEN PROJECTS Urban gardening: It’s a deceptively simple concept that yields significant benefits for both the environment and the community. Across Pittsburgh, organizations maintain urban gardens as a means of empowering people to grow their own food and contribute to the city’s landscape in a positive, productive way. Pitt volunteers have supported this movement by preparing community gardens for winter. For example, a crew tended garden beds on Burrows Street, while others weeded, removed invasive vines, and worked on planting beds for the Hill House Association. At the Oak Hill Residents Council, Pitt volunteers prepared 11 planting beds by weeding, tilling, and amending soil; community members—particularly youths—maintain the gardens, developing a greater sense of responsibility for their surroundings. Volunteers from Pitt’s School of Social Work helped the Hazelwood YMCA garden manager by harvesting, digging, prepping soil, hauling, and pruning. By supporting the Keep It Clean, Oakland, program, Pitt has facilitated an ongoing clean streets program for the Oakland neighborhood. Pitt students have adopted 34 of 38 blocks within Oakland, clearing the streets of litter and debris. With technical lead provided by the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, Pitt is a primary sponsor of the Bates Street beautification project. The Bates Street entrance to Oakland is being enhanced with native plantings to provide a beautiful portal for Oakland. Invasive species have been cleared, and more than 110 trees and dozens of shrubs have been planted, primarily through the efforts of Pitt volunteers.

In 2012, the Plant to Plate garden program was presented with a Citizen Service Award from Pittsburgh Mayor . Luke Ravenstahl for its commitment to “improving quality of life in the city of Pittsburgh.”

As part of the 2013 United Way Day of Caring volunteer event, Pitt staff members came together to work in Oakland community gardens.

UNITED WAY DAY OF CARING The United Way Day of Caring is an annual event that allows hundreds of Pitt volunteers to lend their time and talents to a variety of projects throughout Pittsburgh. Among the initiatives they have supported is landscaping the Oakland Planning & Development Corporation’s Oakland Career Center. Pitt volunteers also have planted trees along Centre Avenue in the city’s Hill District and removed plant material and plastics from the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy’s community garden in Squirrel Hill. Such work, while labor intensive, allows the garden to rest during the winter so that it will be ready to grow plants again in the spring. A project at the Plant to Plate garden, which provides fresh produce for the Oakland Food Pantry at the Community Human Services Corporation, asked volunteers to winterize the garden by constructing hoops to cover the beds, sowing cover crops, sheeting mulch beds, and constructing new beds in the adjacent lot. Pitt volunteers cleared invasive overgrowth along the length of Lawn Street in South Oakland, a huge undertaking that has transformed the street. The next phase will include planting and landscaping along the street. Another effort was the cleanup of Harris Park in North Oakland to transform it into a green, welcoming space for families and other residents. Volunteers weeded, graded, planted, and spread mulch. Pitt supports this work by offering staff members an approved absence for the day. Volunteers also receive transportation to and from project sites, lunch supplied by the host agencies, and custom-designed Day of Caring T-shirts.

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RECOGNITION

A LEADER IN . SUSTAINABILITY Whether it is encouraging employees to bike to work, guarding against deforestation in the paper it uses in its print shop, or contributing to the beauty of the city landscape that envelops its campus, the University of Pittsburgh has been widely recognized for its leadership in sustainability. The University of Pittsburgh has earned an enviable reputation for its innovation in diverse initiatives supporting responsible environmental stewardship.

academics, purchasing, transportation, waste management, administration, financial investments, and other factors.

The Princeton Review’s Guide to 322 Green Colleges honored Pitt in two consecutive years—2012 and 2013—awarding it a score of 97 out of a possible 99 points in 2013. And Sierra magazine named Pitt one of “America’s Coolest Schools” in its September/ October 2011 issue. The ranking, which is open to all four-year undergraduate colleges and universities in the United States, offers comparative information about campus sustainability.

Conservation by design

97 99 OUT OF A POSSIBLE

POINTS

The Princeton Review’s Guide to 322 Green Colleges honored Pitt in two consecutive years

—2012 and 2013—awarding it a score of 97 out . of a possible 99 points in 2013. According to Sierra, “[T]he magazine’s ranking acts as a guide for prospective students who seek a way to compare colleges based on commitment to environmentalism. The ranking also serves to spur competition, create aspirational standards, and publicly reward the institutions tht work hard to protect the planet.” Both the Princeton Review and the Sierra magazine ratings are based on comprehensive surveys measuring the University’s environmental achievements in energy supply, efficiency, dining,

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The ratings also considered Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED) certification, which is offered by the U.S. Green Building Council. LEED certification is the nationally accepted benchmark Chevron Science Center Annex LEED Gold certificate for the design, construction, and operation of high-performance green buildings. Here again, Pitt has demonstrated exceptional leadership, earning the council’s prestigious Gold certification for five separate construction projects: the McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, the Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation, the Swanson School of Engineering’s Benedum Hall renovations, the Chevron Science Center addition, and the Thomas E. Starzl Biomedical Science Tower 12th-floor renovation. Pitt currently is pursuing LEED certification for nine additional projects. Please see the Sustainable Design and Construction section on pages 8 and 9 for more information about these projects.

A culture of stewardship

PRINT CONSCIOUS

From recycling and encouraging the use of bicycles to reducing emissions and preserving forests, the University of Pittsburgh continually works to reduce its ecological footprint while also setting the bar for peer institutions. The Allegheny County Health Department has twice named Pitt a recipient of its Enviro-Star award, which recognizes the University’s efforts in emissions reduction, energy conservation, recycling, and greening of the campus.

Pitt’s print shop, located in the basement of the Cathedral of Learning, is the University’s in-house producer of magazines, conference programs, brochures, business cards, and other items. Recently, the shop joined a supply chain that starts with sustainable forestry. A five-year certification from the global nonprofit Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) means that much of the print shop’s paper supply and final products are monitored for sustainability from the logging site to the final product in an effort to safeguard forests.

Meanwhile, for the sixth consecutive year, Pitt is participating in the national RecycleMania competition.

RECYCLEMANIA 2013 STATISTICS

The print shop uses approximately 140 tons of paper each year, about 70 percent of which is FSC certified. That means that the timber companies adhere to sustainable operations practices and that vendors keep to those standards in the purchase and distribution of paper.

RANKED 20th in the competition

9.87

POUNDS

of paper recycled per person

In 2011, Bike Pittsburgh named . Pitt a Bike Friendly Employer, citing “a workplace culture that embraces and promotes biking to work and bike parking . that is secure, convenient, and plentiful.”

RANKED 23RD in the competition

9.14

of corrugated cardboard

POUNDS recycled per person

8th 411 OUT OF

SCHOOLS

In 2013, Pitt was ranked eighth out of 411 competing schools in the Gorilla category, which measures the total weight of materials recycled, with 812,280 pounds.

Wesley W. Posvar Hall plaza

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RECOGNITION

Schenley Plaza’s gardens

Green city, green campus As a distinctly urban campus, the University bears a particular responsibility to function as a good neighbor to the city with which it shares its name. Pitt proudly supported the $12 million redesign of the campus-adjacent Schenley Plaza through its Facilities Management Division. The project was spearheaded by the late Ana Guzman, who was then Pitt’s vice chancellor for facilities management and a member of the Oakland Task Force.

The University has been honored on multiple occasions by the Professional Grounds Management Society in recognition for outstanding professional accomplishment . and excellence in grounds management. 44

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Cathedral of Learning grounds

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CONTRIBUTORS facilities management DIVISION

DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES

JOSEPH W. FINK

ELLIE GRAVES

Associate Vice Chancellor for Facilities Management

Communications Manager

DANIEL MARCINKO

Editorial Assistant

Assistant Vice Chancellor for Facilities Management and University Sustainability Coordinator

ALISON BUTLER

LAURA W. ZULLO

CHUCK DINSMORE

Senior Manager of Energy Initiatives

SARAH JORDAN ROSENSON

Art Director Production Manager

NIKI KAPSAMBELIS Contributing Writer

SPECIAL THANKS GENA KOVALCIK Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation Codirector for Administration and External Relations

PAUL KOVACH Director of Marketing and Communications, Swanson School of Engineering Computing Services and Systems Development Department of Parking, Transportation, and Services Housing and Dining Services Office of Community and Governmental Relations Purchasing Services

Facilities Management Division 400 Eureka Building 3400 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15260 412-624-9500 www.facmgmt.pitt.edu www.sustainable.pitt.edu www.facmgmt.pitt.edu/sustainability.html

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The University of Pittsburgh is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. Published in cooperation with the Department of Communications Services. DCS89914-0214

University of Pittsburgh, 2013 Sustainability Report

Articles inside

Recognition

Community Leadership

Sustainability in Research & Teaching

Materials, Dining, Housing, Students, Transportation, & GHG Emissions

Sustainable Design, Construction, Energy, & Campus