SYMBIOSIS 02 REHABILITATION by Plateau Team

M O N T H LY M A G A Z I N E “ P L A T E A U T E A M ” F E B R U A R Y 2 0 1 4

SYMBIOSIS

\ R E H A B I L I TAT I O N N 0 2

SYMBIOSIS\

ENERGY EFFICIENT

CO N F O

Architecture

\ FEBRUARY 2014

REHABILITATION

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Plateau Team

P L A T E A U T EA M | SD E 2014

P lateau

Team is one of the twenty international teams selected to participate in the new Solar Decathlon Europe edition, to be held in Versailles. It is mainly composed by architecture students (UAH) and Building Engineering students (UAH and UCLM) together with the collaboration of other faculties and schools from these universities, which will provide their knowledge in order to cover all the necessary areas for the creation of an innovative solar habitat. Plateau Team proposes a change in the city model through a sustainable redensification which limits the current uncontrolled consumption of land.

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S Y MB IOS IS T E A M MAGA Z INE | Editor ial

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Symbiosis borns from the hand of Plateau Team with the goal of providing quality information about current issues related to architecture and construction, and always creating a relationship with their project SymbCity developed for the next Solar Decathlon Europe.â&#x20AC;?

Summary >> Symbi sis

EDITORIAL

Symbiosis. The Plateau Team newsletter.

ARTICLES

06 10 16

The Contest, Solar Decathlon.

20 24

Rehabilitation in the XX century.

Strategies at the time of rehabilitation. Container structures in rehabilitation.

Spanish homes are failing at energy savings.

Edit: Plateu Team for Solar Decathlon Europe2014. . Address: “Press Team”. E-mail press.plateauteamsde14@gmail.com . Drafting Articles and Projects: Elba Castellanos, Ana Ferrero, Sergio Hernández y Javier Nuñez. Design and Layout: Sandra Urbaneja y Ana Isabel Urbaneja. Gratefulness: Ángel Cuadrado, Lucia Heras. Monthly Edition in Spanish and English. February 2014 Free Publication for public use, online. .

26 REHABILITATION PROJECTS

INTERVIEW

26 34 40

Institute Luso Rei Alfonso Henriques.

Transformation of a housing block.

48 52

Prende Project.

Rehabilitation SymbCity House.

ZaraStore, Salamanca.

Meet our Team

ARTICLE

The Contest

Solar Decathlon “Description and Methodology”

“Solar Decathlon Europe is an international competition among universities which promotes research in the development of efficient houses. The objective of the participating teams is to design and build houses that consume as few natural resources as possible and produce minimum waste products during their life cycle. Particular emphasis is put on reducing energy consumption and on obtaining all the necessary energy from the sun.”

P L A T E A U T EA M | SD E 2014

SOLAR DECATHLON | Article

06 This competition has its origin in the U.S.A and

in 2009 the decision of extending the competition creating the Solar Decathlon Europe to facilitate the participation of European teams, agreeing that the two first editions were held in Madrid in the years 2010 to 2012.

Given the success of the project several countries bid up by the Organization of the third European Edition which will be held in Versailles, France, in June 2014 and will be organized by the Ministry of French housing, the European Commission and the Department of energy of the United States (http://www.sdeurope. org/). The event has a twofold purpose: educative and scientific. The Decathletes learn how to work in multidisciplinary teams and how to face the challenges of the future of building by developing innovative solutions. On the one hand, the public can see and becomes aware of the real possibilities of reducing the environmental impact and at the same time keeping the comfort and quality of the design in their homes. On the other hand, professionals have access to techniques and processes that they can study and use. In addition, volunteers, who are essential for the development of the SDE, have the opportunity to share experiences with the teams and move ahead in their careers thanks to their work during the competition.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Particular emphasis is put on reducing energy consumption and on obtaining all the necessary energy from the sunâ&#x20AC;? Sy mb io s i s | 06

ARTICLE

The purpose of the competition is to carry out the construction of a house called “Villa Solar”, placed on the forecourt of Palace of Versailles, for which we count until the summer of 2014 to conduct research and and builda house, in order to get the best score in different test that organization requires. While editing to take place in July 2014, Plateau Team will compete against 20 teams from different countries, of which eight will be delegations from European countries (France, Spain, Romania, Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland and Italy) , six from other continents (Japan, Thailand, Mexico, India, Costa Rica and Taiwan) and two teams that are formed by associations: Chile & France, USA & Germany and USA & France. All of these teams are supported by one or more universities and have the economic and technical support from institutions and companies. The main figures during the whole process, are the students, known as ‘Decathletes’. The Solar Decathlon Europe is an initiative linked to the objectives of the European Union, both in terms of their values and the sustainable development and use of renewable energy. Participating Universities must build a house supplied by solar energy and keep operating during the 20 days of competition.

P L AT E A U T EA M | SD E 2014

ARCHITECTURE

01 ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION

02 ENERGY EFFICIENCY

03 ELECTRICAL ENERGY BALANCE

COMFORT CONDITIONS

The overall coherence of their design, the flexibility of the design, integration of technologies and bioclimatic strategies in the architecture will be evaluated. The design combination with electricity systems, plumbing and solar energy, they will have to demonstrate the highest level of functionality should be evaluated. It valued the passive strategies, to determine the extent to which the design of the house helps to improve the efficiency of it.

The energy consumption and energy balance, self-sufficiency and limiting the maximum power will be evaluated.

Will be measured via the corresponding control of temperature, humidity, noise, lighting and indoor air quality

HOUSE FUNCTIONING

06 COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL AWARENESS

07 URBAN DESIGN, TRANSPORTATION

AND AFFORDABILITY

08 INNOVATION

09 SUSTAINABILITY

Shall ensure of the efficiency compliance taking into consideration the demands of todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s society.

The capacity for communication of the teams, creativity, effectiveness and efficiency as well as the ideas that define the identity of the team and the project will be evaluated. The housing unit and its location in the territory, respect to the social and urban context, the facility for possible industrialization, mobility strategy and its economic viability will be taken into account The degree of the innovation house, its focus on the revolutionary changes in the home and in his systems and components, and if this is able to increase its value, improve the performance and/or achieving the greater efficiency, will be taken into account. It rewards the ability and environmental sensitivity of the teams, to ensure the maximun reduction of environmental impact in the construction phase, demolition and life of the building

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SOLAR DECATHLON | Article

The tests that all households have to face are:

Both French rationalism of Viollet-le Duc as the most sensitive and comprehensive approach of Ruskin, with more conservative ideas, there can be considered the foundation of the modern view; they were the beginning to the most important architects of the modern movement. Retrieving the value of the vernacular, the importance of memory as a symbol of the city and the understanding of historic architecture will produce several alternative methodologies in the design approach for the restoration and rehabilitation.

3. Restoration Project of Notre Dame (Paris) by E. Viollet-Le-Duc. (1850) Photo: Archives of the Commission of Monuments (Paris).

Thus, the architecture of rehabilitation has evolved from the traditional method of procedure, after study of the composition and history of ruin takes a re-composition of the damaged or destroyed (historicist current), to a new way of projecting from respect for the evolution of the work over time ( the “old age” of ruin )

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S T R AT E GI E S AT T H E T IME OF R E H A B ILITAT ION | Article

1. y 2 Carlo Scarpa. Castelvecchio Museum in Verona.

The diverse approaches to the question of the restoration of Gothic architecture, covered by John Ruskin and Eugène Viollet-le-Duc in the middle of the nineteenth century, can be considered the starting point of the evolution of a concept, an architectural rehabilitation.

ARTICLE

and sensitive observation, curious and receptive to all the circumstances, relationships and attributes (social, historical, physical, cultural) affecting the element and the environment in which to act, that is the true role of the architect. Obviously, each author face to the pre-existing treatment strategies, have their own project methods. First, Viollet-le-Duc and Ruskin in their assessment of Gothic architecture, both agree appreciation for truthfulness in the use of materials and in the construction clean expression. From there, their interpretations begin to separate radically. For Viollet, what matters is its rationality Gothic as construction system and its structural logic while for Ruskin, however, what is remarkable is the artisan contribution to architecture in the working time and on the way to carving stone, the feeling that this will transmitted to the general work. For Ruskin, the delicacy of the architecture is reached when it becomes monument: “The greatest glory of a building is not in its stones, nor in its gold. It’s in its age (Ruskin 1981)”. Thus, restoring a building in the sense of recovering that quality of life at the time is

P L A T EA U T E A M | SD E 2014

impossible, the work would lose its authenticity. For Viollet, however, to restore didn´t meant to reestablish the old condition and appearance of the building, but to transform the work into something new, take it to its optimal state, which did not have to be the original. The restoration was about the “possible” state that the building would have to be completely hypothetical and stripped of ornaments. This trend was widely criticized opened since moved away from any historicist trend. No wonder that in their restorations disappear interesting additions of undoubted artistic quality and historical value, including not hesitate to remove additions that were not at the time. The indiscriminate intervention varied erased the traces marking the passage of time in the building (in French medieval buildings -walls, cathedrals , castlesnew elements were added by him, such as domes, covers, needles and various auctions, and could change the type structural, functional or ornamental long as the architect deemed appropriate). There are clear examples of restorative trend of Viollet, as performed in the Cathedral of Notre Dame, at the Cité of Carcassonne or at Roquetaillade Castle.

5. Viollet le Duc, detailed diagram of a Venetian palace / Pevsmer 1969 Violet le Duc and Ruskin, Thames and Hudson, London. 6. Jonh Ruskin, drawing Fasan Casa Contarini, Venice (1841). 7. Design for a concert hall (1864), expression of Gothic principles with modern materials, iron, brick, stone and plaster. Entretiens sur l’architecture.

With the advent of the twentieth century and technological and construction advances appear new architects in the restored architecture scene, as Carlo Scarpa, in Italy, who can be considered one of the most brilliant examples among architects who advocated natural and direct binding between the new and the old pre-existing, in Castelvecchio museum, for example, he explores the formal and poetic potential that game, also using the same plasticity of ruin: the cumulative wear process that history and time have given the old structures have given rise to great stress together with the use of new materials and forms of construction, all this produces a great visual impact to the viewer. ut not only this form of rehabilitation exists today, there is a more “purist”, retaining and nurturing, not creating new spaces otherwise giving to those which they had the presence and character that had lost over the years. An example of this can be Antonio Almagro, and the rehabilitation of the Umayyad Palace in Amman (Jordan), where he performs a consolidation based rehabilitation of the existing and the improved state of compositional elements. But in particular the re-

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ec chit

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S T R AT E GI E S AT T H E T IME OF R E H A B ILITAT ION | Article

4. Jonh Ruskin, drawing Cal d `Oro, 1845 / Ruskin’s Venice, The Whitney Library of design, NY.

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S T R AT E GI E S AT T H E T IME OF R E H A B ILITAT ION | Article

habilitation of this work does not stop at that, Almagro covers the central space with a glulam wood dome that exists, returning Watching the evolution that has taken this type of architecture, it is a very important consideration for architectural reuse: keep the memory through the formal structure rather than the use of the building, i.e., although the building loses the use original features should not lose their identity, their footprints. Leaving aside the idea of getting hold formal structure of the building so that it retains its character, as we see in contemporary works exemplified above, we want to emphasize in each the “good work” of the architect who executed rehabilitation. Carlo Scarpa as both Antonio Almagro searched the brilliance and splendour of more than his own ruin as architects, acted as partners in the development and maintenance of the work over time. After rehabilitation, the buildings may or may not work, due to different causes, which can be both private nature (such as the scope of the intervention, the place, the new use) and works outside (cultural and social). What is clear is the importance to differentiate what is new from the existing, creating a sharp contrast not devalues the old, either technologically or by a change in style, this change should join the ruin to improve not to destroy it.

8. Antonio Almagro, THE PALACE OF AMMAN OMEYA. The architecture of Madrid, 1983.

“...mantener keep the memory through the formal structure rather than the use of the building, i.e., although the building loses the use original features should not lose their identity, their footprints”

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CO N TA I N E R S T RUC T UR E S IN R E H A B ILITAT ION | Article

2. JIGSAW, Los Angeles USA.

huge buildings, the striking fusion of elements of new construction and the original and originating in creating such powerful places (artistically speaking), as they can be seen in some examples cited below. How to transform an industrial or religious past in a present and an innovative future (or if this worth to preserve or otherwise we must tear down) are some of the questions that must be made at the time of restore.

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ARTICLE

There are several aspects that we take into account, among which are mainly the respect that the building deserves like a part of a past and the relationship which it has with the city. It is, for example, the case with the construction of which we speak in the article about the convent of “San Antonio del Real of the Franciscans” as “Zara building”, the convent had great historical significance within the urban past of Salamanca (Spain) and for it, it was beautifully preserved, both exterior and interior appearance as its structure, however for program needs, the large space of the shed had to be subdivided and it was where the solution was introduced to implement a large box of glass and steel.

3. Zara Store, Salamanca.

As Scarpa+Pugh do in Los Angeles (USA) with the rehabilitation of a warehouse of 5000m2 of the 40s as JIGSAW movie studios. The architects placed two attractive volumes disposed to editing and production rooms while the rest of the warehouse was as a dynamic space, producing a balanced tension between the working and social zone (opened and bright). These curvilinear volumes are leaders of the interior space and they are suspended on a sheet of water, again we find a tension, this time between the heavy and the light. Containers are made in plumum with translucent screens composed by two sheets of glass where pong balls are placed to allow the passage of light to the interior and show a diffuse glow to the rest of the shed, where the coffee shops, meeting areas and social spaces are placed. Also in Los Angeles (USA) we find the following example of how to introduce containers into a massive space. With a very low estimation, the architects Clive Wilkinson became a warehouse of 4300m2 into the headquarters of Pallotta Teamworks, a nonprofit event producer, represented an adjustment to the maximum estimation. With this constraint, work areas were located in separate islands under tents hanging from the structure, and offices and meeting rooms in recycled stacked containers. This could be not only an example of restored architecture but also sustainability, without losing sight of the creative and aesthetic issue. It is noteworthy that all mechanical and electrical systems were designed to reduce energy consumption. With regard to the rehabilitation of the shed is limited to improve ventilation and introduce natural light into the interior by opening skylights on the roof.

4. Headquarters Pallotta, Los Angeles USA.

P L A T E A U T EA M | SD E 2014

ARTICLE

1. Rehabilitation in Mostoles NODO17.

Rehabilitation in the

XX Century

“Towards Concrete Skeletons”

“let’s put our focal attention in the modern ruin, the big building block of the 60´s, 70´s… badly built, badly solved, badly though out. Let’s also think about the cons of just whipping out what was, or the fear of desert cities, child of the massive construction without criteria, or the lack of diversity, the co-dependence of the car, or in all of those Herny Ford ideas, that have left us with these dead bodies with some blood still pumping.”

P L A T E A U T EA M | SD E 2014

R E HA BILITAT ION IN T H E XX C E NT URY | Article

20 What about the traces of an earlier era, far from the current orgy where the golden brick, concrete and large check, block after block produced from the children of Franco built a great idea to release the floor a moustachioed gentleman? These are the conditions in which families are crowded, neighbourhoods become ghettos, and the car becomes overwhelming and inescapable element of landscape. The true issue to resolve are the strategies we ought to follow to transform these districts, the unholy spaces, which even in their stage are home to someone or the corner where someone kissed for the first time, or the bar where on Sundays people go to watch the match; into a decent, dignified place to live in. After all a civilized and developed country is not one in which the poor have a car but one where the rich gets public transport. We can think of very successful recent exercises of rehabilitation, like those of the French firm Lacaton & Vassal, who have taken a series of these buildings we’ve been exposing and have turned them into a decent place, taking the building’s own structure, keeping them but destroying the openings, creating a balcony, or a bigger terrace that is protected by a skin that uses agricultural techniques to keep in the warmth when needed, and is ecologically responsible. And a change of thinking the city could also benefit from a new life like that has been lately given to the bones of an industrial era. Examples like the Caixa Forum, where the Swiss duo of Herzog and de Meuron took an electric plant and turned it into a museum, or the neighbouring Media Lab Prado by Langarita o Navarro, or quite popularly like the “Slaughterhouse of Madrid”, that has become the in¬signia of young culture in the Spanish capital.

2. CAIXA FORUM HERZOG&DEMEURON.

3. Matadero de Madrid.

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ARTICLE

We have the material, we have the technique, and even the money, that maybe some would invest in more and unneeded construction, and that maybe should be put to better those districts that need betÂŹtering, tan building new ones that more than anything are unwanted. The ability of renewing does not only reside on the historical buildings, because, not every historical building is worth it to keep alive, nor is every corpse of the modernity inherited from the Corbusier has to be whipped out. We could also talk about the restoration of the monuments of the 20th century, as how these recent monuments are in some way still present as hope that the architectural form can be complex, contradictory, (within the deeper wishes of certain American architect, with Italian origins, and with ties to the city of vice and sin)or just simple, easy to read or understand universal or adapted to a site well-built or with visions of future, the 20th century has left wonders that are in an abstract way similar to what the roman temples

P L A T E A U T EA M | SD E 2014

4. Apartments in Paris. Edouard FranĂ§ois.

5. MEDIA LAB PRADO LANGARITA&NAVARRO..

R E HA BILITAT ION IN T H E XX C E NT URY | Article

were, and it is part of the modern architect job to assume the task of bringing them to future with the well-deserved glory they have. But, who as an architect is brave enough to look at Ville Saboy and decide to renew it? It almost seems line bad luck, however the holy remains of the twentieth century architecture have to be taken care of, have to be taken in account while thinking and looking at the city. We ought to celebrate history in all its times, celebrate the good ones, and learn from the bad ones. In conclusion, we find ourselves in a peculiar time for the architect, in one hand we have the recession and the world global crisis that doesn’t allow big and fancy archi¬tectural displacements, that the last century, but specially the last decade have allowed; but in the other hand we have to reimagine the city and adapt it to the new world, the new technology, and the new ideas of eco-consciousness, but our biggest task is to take advantage of all the missed and hidden opportunities that the city has, might it be the ruins of a decadent district built in the 60´s or the skeleton of a Fisac masterpiece.

“ What happens with the remaining of a previous age, far from the present, where the Golden orgy of brick, concrete and big checks built block after block? ”

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26 LOOKING TO THE PAST TO FIND THE FUTURE

In many ways, European cities

are progressively falling into oblivion. Urban sprawl, or what is the same, the expansive horizontal growth of the city, is making that certain areas of town centers are being relegated to a second place despite its excellent position in the urban fabric.

P L A T E A U T EA M | SD E 2014

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Symbcity Houseâ&#x20AC;?

It is not surprising walking around centric areas and see buildings at the edge of abandonment and even empty plots. Neighborhoods, which previously had attractive features to live in, have lost their potential because of non-existing interventions carried out in them. Now, if we think about the concept of city, most of the ideas are focused on residential neighborhoods on the outskirts converted into housing developments and shopping malls, forgetting some downtown neighborhoods. This urban sprawl has resulted in the construction of large communication infrastructures (roads, highways, subway...) with all the economic and environmental costs that entails. The larger the area of occupancy of a city, the higher the transportation costs and the pollution generated without any benefit for its inhabitants.

This responds to two problems: the price increases ground and the opportunity to rehabilitate these blocks (i.e., back-to-enable these housing blocks to fulfill energy regulations and the demands of current citizens). This rehabilitation is proposed as a set of small, interrelated partial operations leading to an overall action rehabilitation, which culminated in the construction of new housing on the deck. The project name, SymbCity House, refers to symbiotic relationships that will be generated between the existing building and the new houses on the deck, a relationship in which both parties benefit mutually.

The project SymCity House proposes to offer a second opportunity to decaying neighborhoods of downtown areas. The project consists of an intervention on the roof of the housing blocks on the periphery of Madrid, built in the mid-twentieth century.

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S Y MB C IT Y H OUS E | Reh abilitation

Rehabilitation

REHABILITATION

However, the urban concept is not the only problem to solve. The rehabilitation project awareness is of utmost importance since currently the majority of residential buildings do not meet the standards for energy efficiency. The generalized solution in cases like these is either demolishes the building and builds a new one, or to carry out a reform by patches that do not solve the root problems, but only limited to hide their consequences. We must reach a middle ground between these two extreme solutions: make way for the new without entailing degradation of the old, but its value enhancement.

properties that come together to enhance their strengths and minimize their flaws.

This new building should not only take advantage of the conditions offered by the old building (or host building), but should help it get a better energy efficiency and improved quality of life for residents. Following these precepts, the new building housing is projected for 0 emissions which will turn help to increase the energy rating of the housing block where it is located. Inevitably, we return to rehabilitation based on symbiosis, i.e., a rehabilitation based on the relationship of two entities with different

We have to keep in mind that the population of these neighborhoods has experienced the progressive deterioration of these buildings and their environment, and therefore it is reasonable that there is a sense of powerlessness and impassivity face of this deterioration. In other words, the neighbors could wonder “¿Why I’m going to make a financial investment to improve something that for many years has been a failure, if the estate agents offered me the American Dream of a house in the outskirts?”

P L A T E A U T EA M | SD E 2014

Before we start a rehabilitation project for a new use of these housing blocks, we must ask ourselves what is to rehabilitate a building of this nature and which are the keys to the success of this action. First, we have to carry out a public awareness based on multiple strategies, explaining the reasons and especially the advantages of carrying out rehabilitation in this kind of buildings.

S Y MB C IT Y H OUS E | Reh abilitation We have seen the disadvantages that horizontal growth model of the city entails, but it is part of the rehabilitation work to make people conscious about these facts. In addition, there is a strong ethnological force in these neighborhoods to be exploited to prevent their gradual abandonment. The spaces and places of the city are created based on efforts and actions with a long temporal development, and because of that there are certain characteristics in neighborhoods (social relations, neighborhoods celebrations, customs ... etc...) of great interest and value. The second phase is to involve the neighborhood into the project once a successful conclusion with awareness is reached. Much of the rehabilitation work is to plan the needs that people have at short, medium and long-term, and care for expectations that users express about the project. It is important that the neighborhood feels that the project belongs to them and give them some decision-making capacity in the design phase, because if the neighborhood feels excluded and we design a project that do not respond to their needs, the project will be doomed to failure.

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REHABILITATION

The last phase is the technical work of the specialists involved in the project (architects, engineers, etc.). There must be a study of the previous state of the buildings to rehabilitate, with all that this entails (structural systems, materials, pathologies ...). This study is essential for the design phase because the new building will bring more loads to structural systems, and new forces and movements that the existing building must assimilate will be created. Additionally, the symbiotic object must adapt to the environment in which it will be placed, and should not cause any disharmony with their surroundings (finishes, colors and textures on the facades). Once explained the previous phases of rehabilitation, we can proceed to explain the phases of the construction of SimbCity project (the explanation of the prototype for the contest will be explained in future articles). The project consists of several phases: First a wooden structure that wraps the existing building and that gives it a â&#x20AC;&#x153;second skinâ&#x20AC;? that will help reduce energy losses of the existing building is placed (we generate a large air chamber that helps retain heat by greenhouse effect). The choice of wood as the material for the structure is due to it is one of the most environmentally friendly materials available, since the influence of the processing of this material on the environment is very low. The project also provides a new vertical communication core consisting of stairs and elevator. This contribution is very important in several cases because most of the problems of these apartment blocks lie in its lack of accessibility for people with mobility problems. Observing these neighborhoods we can easily see cases of elderly or lack of mobility people that are literally confined to their homes because they cannot go up and down several tranches of stairs that connect their homes to the street. The last phase covers the entire process of construction of the dwelling on the upper level. These new houses are supported directly on the outer wooden structure without adding any load to the existing structure of the block. The concept of load is of great importance when making rehabilitation.

P L AT E AU TE A M | SD E 2014

It is through these small actions that we design the project in symbiosis (since it is required a new access to the houses on the cover, we use that to improve internal communication of existing building). These strategies, developed through small actions that relate the two entities (existing and new buildings), will be the leitmotiv of SymbCity project.

This project is a proposal of Plateau Team for the 2014 Solar Decathlon Competition. We must take into account the development of two ways of thinking: the urban project and the prototype. The urban project (already explained) provides us real possibilities from which start thinking and working on the improvement of our cities. The project is of the prototype is the house to build, and therefore entails solutions of composition and functionality on a smaller scale, which will be explained in future articles.

â&#x20AC;&#x153; These s trate gies, develop e d through small actions that relate the t wo entities (exis ting and new), will be the leitmotiv of simbcit y proyec tâ&#x20AC;?

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S Y MB C IT Y H OUS E | Reh abilitation

It is necessary to know the arrangement of the structural elements and the load on each of them before adding an extra load. In this case, as each block of houses is a different building and therefore there is a variation in loads, it was decided to entrust the load of the new building to a reliable structure of which we know its structural behavior. Constructive housing development will be explained in future issues.

>> PLATEAU TEAM

ROAD TO FRANCE

he final stage of the competition is to build SymbCity in Versailles (France), where a specialized jury will test the house, relating to architecture, engineering and energy efficiency. The project is carried out thanks to the contributions of sponsors, since it is a non-profit university competition, and we need to carry all materials to Paris.

P L A T EA U T E A M | SD E 2014

Plateau Team “We launched this campaign to get funding SymbiCity transport from Madrid to París.”

TAKE PARTNOW “Visit our website”: http://goteo.org/project/ symbcity-house/home

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S Y MB C IT Y H OUS E | Crow dfun din g

CROWDFUNDING

PROJECT

The Institute

HISPANIC-LUSO FOUNDATION REI ALFONSO HENRIQUES ZAMORA. ANCIENT CONVENT OF “SAN FRANCISCO”, SPAIN 1995-1998. ARCH.MANUEL DE LAS CASAS

This

project aims to highlight the elegance and beauty of the mysterious remains of past times and enhance the plasticity of volumes, combined with the new plant and associating it with this beautiful image that leaves over by the regia Douro River and splendid city of Zamora.

P L AT E A U T EA M | SD E 2014

San Francisco it is located the Hispanic Institute - Luso of the foundation Rei Alfonso Henriques in Zamora. It achieved a functional and effective set through the combination of materials, the old stone factory with the glass and steel of coatings in a 3500 m2 built, 8000m2 of useful space. Historically, this stadium hosted meetings of Castilian and French community members and it served as barracks for French troops and then abandoning the confiscation of Mendizabal in the nineteenth century, which it produced numerous transformations and structural damages. The building offers spectacular views of the Douro River and the city of Zamora, and it is to these two perspectives to where dumps the convent complex. The solution adopted focuses all these points and is summarized in: a building floor in L shape, wrapped in “cortén” steel and glass, it draws the three ancient ships of the Church and which divides the space into t wo cour t yards, one public and visitable, and another which occupies the position of the first cloister of the old convent. The first courtyard are concentrated public use classrooms and the library, and the second is a more exclusive back room of the residence, some

located on the ground floor of this new volume and other occupying the existing ship wrecks located in the southern part of the property. Admission to all is done by the most primitive gate at the head of the Cruise, performing a tangent to the ruin entrance so that the first light of all focuses on the apse of the sixteenth century. The fence solar closes the north part and another dry rubble gravel new trace, close the first enclosure for the more public courtyard where the garden occupies the empty nave of the old church, the roads have in places where there were the walls and pillars, and big gaps hedges draw ships and chapels.

ture

hitec

Arc

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I N S T I T UT E LUS O R E I A LF ONS O H E NR IQUE S | P roject

In this set of Gothic remains of the old Convent of

PROJECT

The cover acts as a link between the new and existing buildings, and that flies the new body built and that (which) marked the courtyards and covers up the ship perpendicular to the Church. This large deck also covers a large porch and vaulted Great Room, old cellar today auditorium, and the coffee shop. The Funeral Hall, the Chapel of the Escalante, the body that unites both and the Chapel of the Ocampo are topped with a stone covered in order to complete the ancient geometry. Restoration works consist, as we noted at the beginning, to enhance the value of ruin, so restoring the chapel entrance [Chapel of San Buenaventura Ocampo or early fifteenth century XVI], for reuse as assembly hall or place of small meetings, and the apse is consolidated, which plays entrance portico. It also develops new equipment program in the remains of the Chapel of the Escalante, today videoconference room and hall, and the funeral chapel of Dean, Gil de Onta帽贸n work, with the guest services desk, concierge, toilets, offices and administration. Inside the Chapel of Dean it is articulated a space that enables the use of that as an exhibition hall and conference. In this part of the ruin that stands a full body cover, leaving a space between the old building and the new cover that allows the passage of light through the upper edges of the parallelepiped thus recovering the initial shape of the room volume.

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I N S T I T UT E LUS O R E I A LF ONS O H E NR IQUE S | P roject In the building that surrounds the front yard are situated three seminar rooms facing north, with views of the city. The library is located across the garden, facing ruin through it. On the ground floor of the new block houses the library and archives and upstairs, the large reading room. To the south, lies the second garden, occupying the former cloister and found that traces the footsteps of the “Sala de Arcos” or “Sala Capitular”. It is to it to where they open the rooms of the residence. Rounding out the set with an existing building intended to place a small house for the security of the whole, in the south, and a group of rooms on the south wall for storage and storage of coffee and furniture. >> DOCUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHS THANKS TO THE REI ALFONSO HENRIQUES FOUNDATION [www.frah.es].

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PROJECT

Rehabilitation Project

ZARAstore ANCIENT CHURCH OF THE FRANCISCAN CONVENT OF “SAN ANTONIO EL REAL SALAMANCA, SPAIN 1994/2004-2005 ARCH. SONIA VÁZQUEZ DÍAZ

The convent of “San Antonio del Real” of the Franciscans was founded in 1736, with the Royal approval of Felipe V Royal and it was built by Fray Francisco de la Visitación, a member of the Order. His remains are divided into several neighboring buildings of which we highlight the Lyceum Theatre opened in 1864, occupying the site of the Cloister, and in a commercial store of the Zara patent, on which we will discuss in this article.

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he remaining convent dependences have completely disappeared and they have been used for housing during the nineteenth century and their lower parts were converted in bank offices in the mid-twentieth. The monastery church was never completed, but we can deduce several original aspects of it in the rehabilitation designed by Sonia Vázquez. The old temple had a Latin cross floor, it was made of masonry and masonry at the corners, and it had side chapels and another one in the head. It was covered with a cannon dome, decorated with plaster of intertwining and geometric shapes and a 22-meter dome on scallops ripped with windows, something that it is special and unique in the Spanish Baroque. Outside features an octagonal drum with plaster masonry walls. In the corners canvasses rise lofts cruise, which protect the opened vain on scallops. The cloister, unfinished, was built a few years later (1756-1766) by Jerónimo García de Quiñones.

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PROJECT

The restoration of the part that concerns us in this article begins in 1994 but it is paralyzed for ten years and it began again in 2004 leaving the work opened in August 2005. It was conducted by Sonia VázquezDiaz as architect of the Zara Architect Study, Inditex; and other local architects, as Antonio García Lozano and Genaro Garcia Manzano. Intervention criteria were, described by the same architect: first, “to consolidate the remains, restoring damaged parts that Heritage indicates” and inside, “there is a new building that rises between the walls

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without touching them and deploys a cover that protects without actually landing on them. The vital contact points for stability or enclosure were marked by glass elements that demonstrate the idea of emptiness and separation. The “mechano” of steel and glass, to not come in contact with the stone container, can get removed without trace, this way if in the future you decide to change the use of the convent complex place will be damaged and the transformation can be performed of a non-traumatic way to ruin, since it will not be affected in any way.

Z A R A S TOR E S A LA MA NC A | P roject The main body of the store is built on a steel structure on four levels registered in the main nave of the historic building, but it is separated from the walls of this (made of stone from Villamayor), without damaging or interfering with them. Thus emerges a contemporary building of steel and glass that grows inside the baroque convent, a lesson of rehabilitated architecture. With this combination of spaces, main body of glass and steel + lighted space under the dome, it achieves a bright, airy and wide ranging space in that melds seamlessly

ancient and modern. Significantly, the magnificent steel lamps suspended sculptural dome, designed by the same architect Sonia Vazquez. >> DOCUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHS THANKS TO THE ARCHITECT SONIA VAZQUEZ-DIAZ.

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PROJECT

GICAL

ECOLO

Transformation of a

Housing Block

IN PARIS, FRANCE. ARCH.LACATON & VASSAL DRUOT. The project of metamorphosis of the “Bois Le Prêtre”

Tower consists of a radical transformation of the conditions of comfort and habitability of the 96 residences of the occupied building. The tower built in 1962 by the architect Raymond Lopez, develops on 50m height, 16 levels serving each one 4 or 8 residences. The demolition, firstly envisaged, has been avoided and a project of transformation decided.

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Ground-floor the entrance hall will be refurbished. The floor will be made on a level with the exterior. The volume will be releases of all useless rooms and installations to become a free and transparent space from the entrance to a new garden created on the back of the building. Rooms for collective activities will be established on the sides of the hall. Two lifts will be built to improve the access to the apartments.

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The project proposes a generous extension of the apartments. New floors, built as a self-supporting structure, are added on the periphery of the existing building at every floor, to extend the living rooms, creating closable terraces and balconies. The existing facades with small windows will be removed and replaced by large transparent openings, so that the inhabitants will profit of the exceptional view on Paris all around.

The structure will be designed with prefabricated elements so that the inhabitants can stay in the apartments during the construction works.

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PROJECT

The French team manages to cre¬ate upon what was, and what was is far from what is. The skeleton remains, but the flesh of the 60´s is buried by the best plastic surgery an architect can provide. As architects, we ought to become plastic surgeons of the city, at all scales. Through a series of prefabricated, structurally independent modules, which are stacked in height, and a bioclimatic envelope of mobile enclosures, Druot and get Lacaton & Vassal renovate homes in the Bois-le Prêtre Tower in Paris and modifying the image urban. The tower has become a benchmark for the regeneration of social housing built in the second half of last century.

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PR E ND E | P roject

METHOD One of the most important challenges PRENDE faces is to integrate the citizen in the rehabilitation process, in making the public conscious of the need and the benefits that improving the energy performance of their houses, their neighborhoods, their cities have. Up until now, they have been used with such purpose, traditional campaigning tactics with little accomplishment. The PRENDE project aboards the problematic developing and applying and integrating method, funded in each disciplines own aspects, to implant a dynamic and communication strategy aimed towards the citizen. This method helps generate a communication plan, based on non-conventional actions and means, that will be monitorized through indicators designed for each specifical effect. The application

of the type of operation, within the scope of energy rehabilitation,, and mediation, and characterization of the results originated by the different actions, entails a great novelty in this type of campaign and an innovation in this sector of rehabilitation. PRENDE is sustained by ITC tools, though which the development of an IT platform whose innovating aspect centers on software system architecture, in the information summary to offer, as well as in the techniques used in the promotion of the service. Such architecture has access to original (infographics, typologies) or calculated data, and based upon the requirements of the user, it generates, in an acceptable timing, new data that takes in account the surroundings, as well as parameters obtained by the previous simulations.

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The Centre for Smart Infrastructure Innovation (CI3) is a public sector entity, general inter est and non-profit whose purpose is to contribute to the development, promotion and development of information techn o l o g y a n d communications (ICT) applied to infrastructure

PR E ND E | P roject

This platform aspires to become the main frame reference to obtain general interes t information on matter of energy rehabilitation. In it one can consult legislation, help, or even events related to the theme, you might also find simulation tools that evaluate the quality of the energy improvements one house would obtain, and that will also suggest the best option for each case. Advice and good practices will be offered to guide citizens in how to improve their energy consumption habits. The Project will take place in three districts in Madrid, located in the areas of Moratalaz, Hortaleza, and Argazuela, in which incentive means for energy rehabilitation will be implanted through PRENDE. From these districts the most suitable to implant real demonstration will be chosen, and the serviceâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s technologies will be tested. The development of this pilot district will be monitorized and will allow a global evaluation of the project.

RESULTS The success of PRENDE could maximize the intervention in the compendium of 10 millions houses built in Spain before the year 2001, that HAVE to become low consumption houses. The ultimate goal is a sector of housing rehabilitation technologically advanced, that could allow Spanish companies to increase their competitiveness augmenting their range of action in the areas of rehabilitation, and that will improve the energy performance of the city and the quality of life of their citizens. More Information: www.proyectoprende.com

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INTERVIEW

“Rehabilitation can mean an average saving of 30% in what a building consumes, and therefore it would reduce the electrical bills for the tenants. ”

MEET OUR TEAM MEMBERS

PlateauProject Team Manager >>

Eduardo Pérez

THIS SECOND EDITION OF SYMBIOSIS INTERVIEWED EDUARDO PÉREZ, PROJECT MANAGER.

R ehabilitation

is a current reality, the industry has shifted too late, but fortunately we are in line for a shift towards a more sustainable model.

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S: Rehabilitation or new development beneficial or detrimental? E: Nowadays there is a clear tendency towards rehabilitation, not only due to sustainable criteria in the city, but also because it’s the only way to improve on the existing buildings. The new development doesn’t really make sense in buildings that have yet to be fully exploited, in terms of their use and services, mainly out of the increase in cost and material means. It is definitely beneficial.

S: Is there a clear relationship between sustainability and rehabilitation? E: They are completely linked concepts. Rehabilitation implies an improvement in the building’s energy performance, making them more sustainable, accessible and better equipped. Rehabilitation can mean an average saving of 30% in what a building consumes, and therefore it would reduce the electrical bills for the tenants. Sustainable? What can be more sustainable than having economical and energy savings?

S: What is symbiotic architecture? Do you know any examples? E: It’s a beneficial relationship between several elements. In our case, we propose an increase in the constructed surface, giving service to the host building. It’s an alternative to traditional rehabilitation, and in my opinion, a daring new way to do it, that will surely have a big presence in the cities in the next years.

S: The model for rehabilitation that SymbCity proposes is to be implanted in the preexisting city, to what degree would it be compatible with the historical city? E: One of the premises is the implantation of our prototype on building susceptible of improvement, may it be that they are obsolete, or that they don’t follow current legislation. In the historical city there must be a sensibility towards the heritage of the city, implanting the prototype just on buildings that might require it. It is not about solving with our proposal every single problem the city has, but to improve on what already exist, when and where it is possible to do so, and under viable criteria.

S: In a hypothetical case, would it be viable to put SymbCity’s prototype on a monumental building or a historical landmark? E: It wouldn’t make sense. In that case, the historical value prevails over sustainable criteria.

S. How important for the architect takes rehabilitation now that the new work seems to have diminished a lot over the last years? You understand that it is a possible vocational track? E: If, as I said before, rehabilitation is an alternative to new construction, no longer makes sense after the large amount of housing that has been built in recent years. In Spain 30% of households are evicted therefore build new development without justification and without sustainable approach is not viable in the long term. If we have a housing stock obsolete but well located enough to rehabilitate urban possibilities, we have an immediate answer for solutions.

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ME E T OUR T E A M | I n terv iew