politikuri partiebis dafinansebis kvleva 1
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba - saqarTvelo Transparency International - Georgia
angariSi momzadda fondis `Ria sazogadoeba - saqarTvelo" mxardaWeriT. avtorebis mier sainformacio masalaSi gamoTqmuli mosazreba ar gamoxatavs fondis `Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos~ pozicias. Sesabamisad, fondi ar aris pasuxismgebeli masalis Sinaarsze.
Tbilisi 2011
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sarCevi
nawili 1.
partiebis yovelwliuri dafinanseba .................................... 7 partiebis Semosavlebi ............................................................ 8 saxelmwifo dafinanseba ........................................................................... 8 sawevro Senatanebi .................................................................................. 11 fizikur da iuridiul pirTa Semowirulebebi ............................ 12 sxva tipis Semosavlebi .......................................................................... 14 partiis xarjebi ...................................................................... 17 daskvna ....................................................................................... 20
nawili 2.
saarCevno kampaniis dafinanseba ........................................... 22 2008 wlis 5 ianvris saprezidento arCevnebi ................... 23 saarCevno kampaniis fondebis Semosavlebi .................................... 23 saarCevno kampaniis fondebis xarjebi ............................................. 26 2008 wlis 21 maisis saparlamento arCevnebi ................... 28 saarCevno kampaniis fondebis Semosavlebi .................................... 29 saarCevno kampaniis fondebis xarjebi ............................................. 31 2010 wlis 30 maisis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebi ................................................................................... 34 saarCevno kampaniis fondebis Semosavlebi .................................... 34 2010 wels politikuri gaerTianebebis angariSebze ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebi .................................................. 36
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arfuladi Semowirulebebi ................................................................. 40 saarCevno kampaniis fondebis xarjebi ............................................. 40 Semomwirvel iuridiul pirTa monawileoba saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi ........................................................ 43 daskvna ....................................................................................... 44
nawili 3.
saarCevno siebis monitoringi ............................................. 47 monitoringisaTvis gamoyofili Tanxebis xarjvis finansuri angariSebi ............................................................. 48 monitoringis geografia da meTodologia ...................... 53
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monitoringis Sedegad aRmoCenili darRvevebi da maTze ceskos reagireba .................................................... 54 daskvna ....................................................................................... 56 nawili 4.
rekomendaciebi ........................................................................ 58 Sesavali .................................................................................... 58 zedamxedvelobis meqanizmebi ............................................... 58 specialuri damoukidebeli makontrolebeli organo ............. 58 angariSgebis sistema ............................................................................... 60 saarCevno kampaniis fondis gamWvirvaloba da angariSvaldebuleba .......................................................... 61 partiis mier gadaricxuli Tanxebis gamWvirvaloba .................. 62 angariSebis gamoqveynebis perioduloba ........................................ 62 informaciis unifikacia ......................................................................... 63 Semowirulebebi ...................................................................... 63 kanonmdeblobaSi winaaRmdegobis aRmofxvra ............................... 63 Semowirulebebi biznesidan ................................................................. 64 xarjebi ..................................................................................... 65 xarjebis maqsimumis daweseba ............................................................... 65
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mimoxilva
es kvleva politikuri partiebis dafinansebis gamWvirvalobasTan da maT angariSvaldebulebasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs mimoixilavs. igi oTxi Tavisgan Sedgeba. esenia: 1. politikur partiaTa yovelwliuri saxelmwifo dafinanseba; 2. saarCevno kampaniebis dafinanseba; 3. 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis dros amomrCevelTa siebis gadasamowmeblad partiebisTvis biujetidan gamoyofili dafinanseba; 4. rekomendaciebi partiaTa dafinansebis kuTxiT arsebuli problemebis mosagvareblad. rekomendaciebis nawili da daskvna aqvs aseve pirveli sami Tavidan TiToeuls. detaluri kvlevisTvis SeirCa is politikuri partiebi, romlebmac 2010 wlis 30 maisis arCevnebis Sedegad TbilisSi gadalaxes barieri da moipoves mandatebi, aseve blokebi, romelTa SemadgenlobaSi es partiebi Sediodnen 2008-2010 wlis arCevnebze, rogorc kvlevam cxadyo, saqarTveloSi partiaTa dafinansebasTan dakavSirebuli kanonmdebloba mniSvnelovan gaumjobesebas saWiroebs. dReisTvis ar arsebobs organo, romelsac partiebis dafinansebis kanonTan Sesabamisobis srulyofili kontroli evaleba; ar aris dadgenili, Tu visi kompetenciaa partiebis mier yovelwliurad gamoqveynebuli safinanso deklaraciebis Semowmeba; ar arsebobs partiaTa yovelwliuri finansuri angariSgebis erTiani forma; partiebs ar aqvT angariSgebisas pirveladi finansuri dokumentaciis wardgenis valdebuleba; ar aris gansazRvruli pasuxismgeblobis zomebi partiebis mier finansuri angariSebis arasrulad an xarvezebiT wardgenisaTvis da sxv. wliur angariSSi zogierTi partia xarjebs sul 4-5 kategoriad yofs. zogierTi partia ki xarjebis did nawils `sxva xarjebis~ grafaSi aerTianebs. es maCvenebeli xSirad mTliani xarjebis 70%-ia, zog SemTxvevaSi ki milion larsac aWarbebs. aseTi faqtebis gamo partiaTa xarjebis analizi mniSvnelovnad rTuldeba. xSirad garTulebuli da TiTqmis SeuZlebelia politikuri partiebis saarCevno kampaniebis dafinansebis wyaroebis dadgenac. partiebi saarCevno kampaniebis fondebSi Tanxebs TavianTi partiuli fondebidan ricxaven. imis gamo, rom partiuli fondebis Sesaxeb informacia sajaro mxolod momdevno wlis dasawyisSi xdeba, saarCevno periodSi kampaniebis fondebis srulyofili gakontroleba SeuZlebelia. magaliTad, mmarTvelma partiam 2010 wlis 30 maisis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis dros saarCevno kampaniis fondSi mTliani Semowirulebis 96%, 13,5 milion larze meti, sakuTari angariSidan gadaricxa. am Tanxis warmomavlobis dadgena 2011 wlis Tebervlamde ver moxerxda. 5
saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba iuridiul pirs erTi politikuri gaerTianebis fondSi Semowirulebaze 100 000-larian zRvars uwesebs. Semowirulebaze zeda zRvris dadgena msoflios sxvadasxva qveyanaSi gavrcelebuli praqtikaa. es imisTvis keTdeba, rom romelime bizneskompaniam konkretuli partiis gansakuTrebiT didi TanxiT dafinansebiT masze da, zogadad, qveynis politikaze gavlena ar moipovos. 100 000-lariani zRvris arsebobis miuxedavad, saqarTveloSi aris SemTxvevebi, roca erTi da igive iuridiuli piri, Svilobili kompaniebis saSualebiT, erT partias 100 000 larze mets uricxavs. magaliTad, 2010 wels kompaniebma _ `Tegeta Traq end basma~, `Tegeta konstraqSen eqvifmenTma~, `Tegeta lojistikma~, `Tegeta motorsma~ da `Tegeta motors quTaisma~ _ `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~ jamSi 500 000 lari Seswires. aRsaniSnavia, rom maTgan samis damfuZnebeli erTi da igive piri _ Temur koxoZea. is danarCeni ori kompaniis damfuZnebelTa Sorisac figurirebs. aris iseTi SemTxvevebic, rodesac sawarmos mier erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi politikuri partiis saarCevno kampaniis da partiul fondebSi gadaricxuli Tanxa 100 000 lars aRemateba. magaliTad, 2008 wels iuridiulma pirma ss `transmSenma~ `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ saprezidento kandidatis _ mixeil saakaSvilis _ saarCevno kampaniis fonds 100Â 000 lari, xolo Tavad `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~ _ 75 000 lari Seswira. sainteresoa is tendenciac, rom mmarTveli partiis winasaarCevno kampaniis dafinanseba minimum 7-jer (2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebi) da maqsimum 26-jer (2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebi) aRemateba yvela sxva saarCevno subieqtis dafinansebaTa jams. ramdenime gamonaklisis garda, opoziciuri partiebi dafinansebas mxolod fizikuri pirebisgan iReben. bizneskompaniebi ki mxolod mmarTveli partiisa da misi kandidatebis saarCevno kampaniebs afinanseben. ase moxda 2008 wlis 5 ianvris saprezidento da yvela Semdgom arCevnebze. rac Seexeba 2010 wels winasaarCevnod amomrCevelTa siebis gadamowmebaSi politikuri partiebis CarTvas, es iniciativa drois simciris, arasakmarisi dagegmvis, susti koordinaciisa da sxva mizezebis gamo naklebad efeqtiani aRmoCnda. amomrCevelTa siis srulyofisTvis aucilebelia, rom is mudmivad xelmisawvdomi iyos rogorc partiebisTvis, ise sxva dainteresebuli organizaciebisa da pirebisTvis, raTa maT nebismier dros SeZlon siis gadamowmeba da, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, masSi cvlilebis Setanis moTxovna. mniSvnelovania isic, rom siis SedgenisTvis pasuxismgebel saxelisuflebo uwyebebs Soris ukeTesi koordinacia iyos. kvleva ZiriTadad 2010 wlis noembris CaTvliT moZiebul informacias eyrdnoba, Tumca politikuri partiebis 2010 wlis saxelmwifo dafinansebis angariSebi mxolod 2011 wlis TebervalSi gaxda xelmisawvdomi da garkveuli informacia amis Semdeg daemata kvlevas.
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nawili I partiebis yovelwliuri dafinanseba (2007-2009 wlebis monacemebze dayrdnobiT)
partiaTa Semosavlebi regulirdeba `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT. kerZod, partiis qonebas qmnis: a) b) g) d)
kanoniT dadgenil SemTxvevebSi _ saxelmwifos mier gamoyofili Tanxebi; sawevro Senatanebi; fizikur da iuridiul pirTa Semowirulebebi; partiis simbolikis damzadebiTa da gavrcelebiT, partiis mier leqciebis, gamofenebisa da sxva msgavsi RonisZiebebis mowyobiT, agreTve sawesdebo miznebidan gamomdinare sagamomcemlo da sxva saqmianobidan miRebuli Tanxebi, romlebic ar cvlis partiis, rogorc arasamewarmeo iuridiuli piris, xasiaTs; e) sajaro RonisZiebebis meSveobiT miRebuli Semowirulebebi.1 2010 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT saqarTveloSi ToTxmeti politikuri partia iRebda yovelwliur saxelmwifo dafinansebas.2 `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ Seiswavla im politikuri partiebis wliuri Semosavlebi 2007-2009 wlebSi da detaluri xarjTaRricxva, romelTac 2010 wlis 30 maisis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi miiRes monawileoba da moipoves mandatebi TbilisSi damoukideblad an saarCevno blokSi gaerTianebis gziT, raTa gamoevlina: 1. ra odenobis Tanxebis mozidva SeZles partiebma arCevnebis dros da arCevnebs Soris periodSi; 2. ra warmomavlobis iyo es Tanxebi; 3. rogor daixarja aRniSnuli Tanxebi; 4. ramdenad kanonieri iyo am Tanxebis mozidva da xarjva. 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi mandatebi moipoves Semdegma politikurma gaerTianebebma: 1. axali memarjveneebi (bloki `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~); 2. erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba _ gamarjvebuli saqarTvelosTvis; 1
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`moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis (1997 wlis 31 oqtomberi, #1028-Is; gamoqveynebulia: parlamentis uwyebani, #45, 21.11.1997, gv. 76) 25-e muxlis 1-li punqti. es analizi eyrdnoba 2010 wlis 1 ianvramde arsebul monacems, radgan 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis Sedegebis mixedviT dafinansebuli partiebi finansur angariSebs 2011 wlis TebervalSi waradgenen. 2010 wlis dafinansebis Sesaxeb informacia ixileT aqve, qveTavSi `2010 wels politikuri gaerTianebebis angariSebze ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebi~ da danarTis ##2-15 diagramebSi.
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3. saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia (bloki `erovnuli sabWo~); 4. Cven TviTon (bloki `giorgi TargamaZe, inga grigolia _ qristian- demokratiuli moZraoba~); 5. giorgi TargamaZe _ qristian-demokratebi (bloki `giorgi TargamaZe, inga grigolia _ qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba~); 6. qristian-demokratiuli saxalxo partia (bloki `giorgi TargamaZe, inga grigolia _ qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba~); 7. mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos; 8. saqarTvelos respublikuri partia (bloki `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~); 9. saqarTvelos gza (bloki `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~); 10. xalxis partia (bloki `erovnuli sabWo~).
partiebis Semosavlebi miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT partiebs xuTi sxvadasxva wyarodan SeuZliaT dafinansebis miReba, rogorc `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ mier Catarebulma analizma aCvena, realurad isini mxolod sami tipis dafinansebiT _ saxelmwifos mier gamoyofili TanxebiT, sawevro SenatanebiT da fizikur da iuridiul pirTa SemowirulebebiT _ sargebloben. saxelmwifo dafinanseba rogorc aRiniSna, `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis Tanaxmad, partiis qonebis nawilia saxelmwifosgan miRebuli dafinanseba. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan yovelwliurad gamoiyofa Tanxa partiebis saqmianobis finansuri mxardaWerisa da jansaRi, konkurentunariani politikuri sistemis Camoyalibebis xelSewyobis mizniT.3 am TanxiT partiebis dafinanseba xorcieldeba ori gziT: 1) Tanxis pirdapir partiebisTvis gadacemiT4 da 2) Tanxis sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirisTvis _ `saarCevno sistemebis ganviTarebis, reformebisa da swavlebis centrisTvis~ (Semdgom _ `fondi~) gadaricxviT, ris Semdegac is partiebze nawildeba.5 fondis mizania partiebisa da arasamTavrobo seqtoris ganviTarebisa da jansaRi, konkurentunariani politikuri sistemis Camoyalibebis xelSewyoba.6 saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan pirdapir partiebze gasanawileblad gamoyofil Tanxas iRebs is partia, romelmac ukanasknel saparlamento arCevnebSi gadalaxa 4%-iani barieri an ukanasknel adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis saerTo arCevnebSi _ 3%-iani barieri.7 partiis mier misaRebi sabiujeto dafinanseba gaiangariSeba formuliT, romlis Tanaxmadac, sabazo dafinansebas (erTi da imave odenobis Tanxa, romelsac iRebs nebismieri partia, romelic gadalaxavs Sesabamis bariers) emateba damatebiTi dafinanseba parlamentSi mopovebuli mandatebisa da arCevnebSi miRebuli xmebis Sesabamisad.8 sabazo dafinansebis odenoba weliwadSi aris 150 000 lari.9 Tu saarCevno subieqti (partia/saarCevno bloki) ukanasknel saparlamento arCevnebSi gadalaxavs 8%-ian bariers an ukanasknel adgilobrivi 3 4
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`moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 291 muxlis 1-li punqti. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan pirdapir partiebs gadaecemaT `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT dadgenili formuliT (detalurad ix. me-8 sqolio) gamoangariSebuli Tanxa. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 291 muxlis me-2 punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 301 muxlis 1-li punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 30-e muxlis me-2 punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 30-e muxlis me-4 punqtis mixedviT, es formulaa: Z=B+(M*600*12)+(L*100*12)+(V*1,5)+(W*1), sadac Z aris partiis mier misaRebi sabiujeto dafinansebis odenoba; B sabazo dafinansebis odenoba; M proporciuli sistemiT arCeuli 30 da 30-mde parlamentis wevrTa raodenoba; L proporciuli sistemiT arCeuli 30 wevris zemoT parlamentis wevrTa raodenoba; V 200 000 amomrCevlamde miRebuli xmebis odenoba; W 200 000 amomrCevlis zemoT miRebuli xmebis odenoba. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 30-e muxlis me-5 punqti.
TviTmmarTvelobis saerTo arCevnebSi _ 6%-ian bariers, sabazo dafinansebis odenoba weliwadSi iqneba 300 000 lari.10 vinaidan saarCevno blokis mier miRebuli xmebi masSi Semaval partiebze Tanabrad nawildeba, aseve Tanabrad nawildeba sabazo dafinanseba. 2007-2009 wlebSi saxelmwifo biujetidan dafinanseba sul ToTxmetma politikurma partiam miiRo. detaluri informaciisTvis aqve ixileT cxrili #1.11 cxrili #1. partiebis mier saxelmwifosgan 2007_2009 wlebSi miRebuli dafinanseba #
saarCevno subieqti12
miRebuli dafinanseba
miRebuli dafinanseba
miRebuli dafinanseba
larebSi (2007)
larebSi (2008)
larebSi (2009)
1
axali memarjveneebi
171 633.00
170 674.56
79 407.48
2
Tavisufleba
160 890.00
145 082.91
80 607.48
3
Salva naTelaSvili _ saqarTvelos leiboristuli partia
209 519.00
352 524.25
391 338.00
1 592 521.00
1 853 685.24
1 827 185.52
117 492.00
284 748.54
248 748.00
4
5
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba _ gamarjvebuli saqarTvelosTvis saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia
6
qarTuli dasi
_
84 201.72
86 607.48
7
Cven TviTon
_
91 161.72
93 807.48
8
giorgi TargamaZe _ qristian-demokratebi
_
573 651.00
573 651.00
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
171 074.00
290 347.56
239 947.56
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia
117 492.00
284 748.42
248 748.00
9 10 11
erovnuli forumi
_
14 434.58
79 407.48
12
moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis
_
14 434.58
79 407.48
13
saqarTvelos gza
_
_
93 842.06
14
xalxis partia
_
16 834.58
79 407.48
2 540 621.00
4 176 529.66
4 202 112.50
sul *
wyaro: saqarTvelos centraluri saarCevno komisiidan miRebuli (SemdgomSi _ cesko) informacia
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`moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 30-e muxlis me-6 punqti. meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT danarTis diagrama #1. saxelmwifo biujetidan partiaTa pirdapiri dafinansebis ganawileba, 2009 weli. yviTeli Seferilobis fanjaraSi aRniSnulia is politikuri gaerTianebebi, romelTac 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi miiRes monawileoba da moipoves mandatebi Sesabamis organoebSi damoukideblad an saarCevno blokSi gaerTianebis gziT.
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partia yoveli wlis 1 Tebervlamde romelime beWdviT organoSi aqveynebs gasuli wlis safinanso deklaracias auditis daskvnasTan erTad.13 finansuri auditis ganxorcielebis mizniT partia uflebamosilia mimarTos saqarTveloSi moqmed nebismier damoukidebel auditors.14 safinanso deklaraciaSi aisaxeba partiis wliuri Semosavali (Semosavlis wyaro da sxv.) da xarji (konkretuli klasifikaciiT _ arCevnebze, sxvadasxva RonisZiebis dafinansebaze, Sromis anazRaurebaze, mivlinebaze gaweuli da sxva xarjebi), aseve qonebrivi mdgomareobis angariSi (kuTvnili Senoba-nagebobebi, avtosatransporto saSualebebi, maTi Rirebuleba, sabanko dawesebulebebSi ricxuli Tanxebis odenoba da sxv.).15 partia safinanso deklaraciis gamoqveynebidan 10 dRis vadaSi saqarTvelos centralur saarCevno komisias da, Tavisi iuridiuli misamarTis Sesabamisad, adgilobriv sagadasaxado organos warudgens gamoqveynebuli deklaraciisa da auditis daskvnis aslebs.16 Tu partia droulad ar gamoaqveynebs safinanso deklaracias, igi kargavs pirdapiri saxelmwifo dafinansebis miRebis uflebas momdevno erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi.17 rogorc aRiniSna, sabiujeto dafinansebis garda, saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan yovelwliurad gadairicxeba Tanxa fondSi.18 fondSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan gadasaricxi Tanxa partiebze pirdapir gasanawilebeli Tanxis naxevaria.19 fondSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan gadaricxuli Tanxis 50% partiebze nawildeba, xolo 50% arasamTavrobo organizaciebisTvisaa gankuTvnili.20 fondidan partiebisTvis gamoyofili Tanxa nawildeba maT mier misaRebi sabazo dafinansebis proporciulad.21 saparlamento arCevnebSi 4%-dan 8%-mde da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi 3%-dan 6%-mde xmebis mopovebis SemTxvevaSi partiebi Tanabar dafinansebas iReben. saparlamento arCevnebSi 8%-ze meti da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi 6%-ze meti xmebis miRebis SemTxvevaSi dafinansebis Tanxa ufro metia, Tumca isic fiqsirebulia da miRebuli xmebis proporciulad ar icvleba. fondidan Tanxa mxolod kvlevebis, swavlebis, konferenciebis, mivlinebebisa da regionuli proeqtebis dafinansebis mizniT gaicema.22 aqve ixileT cxrili #2.
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10
`moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 32-e muxlis 1-li punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 33-e muxlis me- 2 punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 32-e muxlis 1-li punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 32-e muxlis me-4 punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 34-e muxli. partiebis ganviTarebisa da konkurentunariani politikuri sistemis Camoyalibebis xelSesawyobad 2008 wlis 30 dekembris sakanonmdeblo cvlilebiT saqarTvelos organul kanonSi `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ Seiqmna `reformebisa da ganviTarebis fondi~. 2009 wlis 28 dekembers amave kanonSi Setanili cvlilebiT Seiqmna `reformebisa da ganviTarebis fondis~ samarTalmemkvidre – sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri `saarCevno sistemebis ganviTarebis, reformebisa da swavlebis centri~. Sesabamisad, partiebi damatebiT dafinansebas 2009 wlidan iReben. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 301 muxlis me- 4 punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 301 muxlis me-7 punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 301 muxlis me-8 punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 301 muxlis me-9 punqti.
cxrili #2. fondis mier 2009 wels dafinansebuli partiebi23 #
saarCevno subieqti
miRebuli dafinanseba larebSi
1
axali memarjveneebi
23 786.80
2
Tavisufleba
23 786.80
3
Salva naTelaSvili _ saqarTvelos lieboristuli partia
107 040.64
4
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba _ gamarjvebuli saqarTvelosTvis
214 081.28
5
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia
107 040.64
6
qarTuli dasi
23 786.80
7
Cven TviTon
23 786.80
8
giorgi TargamaZe _ qristian-demokratebi
214 081.28
9
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
107 040.64
10
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia
107 040.64
11
erovnuli forumi
23 786.80
12
moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis
23 786.80
13
saqarTvelos gza
23 786.80
14
xalxis partia
23 786.80
sul *
1 046 619.52
wyaro: fondisagan miRebuli informacia
partiam yovelwliurad unda warudginos fonds angariSi miRebuli Tanxis miznobrivad gamoyenebis Sesaxeb. Tu partia angariSs ar waradgens kanoniT dadgenili wesiT an Tanxas ar gamoiyenebs kanoniT dadgenili miznebisaTvis, mas Seuwydeba fondidan misaRebi dafinanseba momdevno erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi.24 sawevro Senatanebi zemoT aRiniSna, rom, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, partiis qonebis nawilia sawevro Senatanebi. finansur angariSebSi isini mxolod ramdenime partias _ `axal memarjveneebs~, saqarTvelos respublikur partias da `saqarTvelos gzas~ _ aqvs miTiTebuli. am gziT miRebuli Tanxa umetes SemTxvevaSi partiis wliuri Semosavlis mcire nawils _ 5-10%-s _ Seadgens. gamonaklisia `axali memarjveneebis~ 2008 da 2009 wlebis Semosavlebi, roca sawevro Senatanebma partiis mTliani dafinansebis Sesabamisad 46% da 60% Seadgina. aqve ixileT cxrili #3.25 cxrili #3. partiebis mier 2007_2009 wlebSi miRebuli sawevro Senatanebi politikuri gaerTianeba
sawevro Senatanebi larebSi (2007)
sawevro Senatanebi larebSi (2008)
sawevro Senatanebi larebSi (2009)
axali memarjveneebi
10 411.00
79 312.58
155 120.00
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia
10 383.00
4 324.00
1 210.00
ar arsebobda
1 112.00
1 221.70
saqarTvelos gza *
wyaro: ceskos mier mowodebuli partiebis finansuri angariSebi
23
2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebSi `gaerTianebuli opoziciis~ saxeliT monawileobda 9 politikuri gaerTianeba, romelTac fondidan gamoyofili dafinanseba (214 081.28 lari) Tanabrad gaunawildaT. Semdgom erT-erTi saqarTvelos respublikuri partia gavida koaliciidan da damoukideblad miiRo dafinanseba. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 301 muxlis me-11 punqti. meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT aqve diagrama #3: partiebis Semosavlebi sawevro Senatanebis saxiT 2007-2009 ww.
24 25
11
fizikur da iuridiul pirTa Semowirulebebi fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebisgan Semowirulebebis miReba partiebs kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli wesiT da SezRudvebiT SeuZliaT. kerZod, partiis mier miRebuli finansuri da materialuri Semowirulebebis moculoba weliwadSi ar unda aRematebodes: a) TiToeuli fizikuri pirisagan _ 30 000 lars; b) TiToeuli iuridiuli pirisagan _ 100 000 lars.26 akrZalulia finansuri da materialuri Semowirulebebis miReba: a) sxva qveynis fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebisagan, saerTaSoriso organizaciebisa da moZraobebisagan, leqciebis, seminarebisa da sxva msgavsi sajaro RonisZiebebis mowyobis garda; b) saxelmwifo organos, sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris, saxelmwifo organizaciisa da im sawarmosagan, romelSic saxelmwifo wili aRemateba 10%-s, garda kanoniT dadgenili SemTxvevebisa; g) arasamewarmeo iuridiuli pirisagan da religiuri organizaciisagan, leqciebis, seminarebisa da sxva msgavsi sajaro RonisZiebebis mowyobis garda; d) moqalaqeobis armqone pirisagan; e) anonimuri formiT.27 Semowirulebis Semtani iuridiuli piri valdebulia, miuTiTos sakuTari saxelwodeba da iuridiuli misamarTi, xolo fizikurma pirma unda miuTiTos saxeli, gvari, misamarTi, saqarTvelos moqalaqis piradobis mowmobis (saqarTvelos moqalaqis pasportis) da piradi nomrebi.28 am monacemebis miTiTebis gareSe Setanili fuladi saxsrebi iTvleba anonimurad. anonimuri Semowirulebebi politikuri gaerTianebis safinanso saqmianobaze pasuxismgebeli Tanamdebobis piris mier dauyovnebliv unda gadairicxos saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetSi.29 2007_2009 wlebSi partiebis mier fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebisgan miRebul SemowirulebebTan dakavSirebuli detaluri informaciisTvis aqve ixileT cxrilebi #4-7. cxrili #4.30 partiebis mier 2007_2009 wlebSi miRebuli Semowirulebebi politikuri gaerTianeba
sawevro Senatanebi larebSi (2007)
axali memarjveneebi
sawevro Senatanebi larebSi (2008)
sawevro Senatanebi larebSi (2009)
_
_
_
9 155 269.00
12 479 332.00
_
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia
_
1 663.00
17 345.00
Cven TviTon
_
_
_
qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba
_
58 821.00
38 778.00
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
_
_
_
85 727.00
650.00
_
saqarTvelos gza
_
11 450.00
_
xalxis partia
_
14Â 760.00
_
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia
*
wyaro: ceskos mier mowodebuli partiebis finansuri angariSebi
26
`moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 27-e muxlis 1-li punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 26-e muxlis 1-li punqti. anonimuri Semowirulebis ganxorcielebis akrZalva ZalaSia 2007 wlis 1 oqtombridan. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 26-e muxlis me-2 punqti. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 26-e muxlis me-3 punqti. meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT aqve diagrama #4: partiebis Semosavlebi Semowirulebebis saxiT 2007-2009ww.
27
28 29 30
12
2007 wels Semowirulebebi Semosavlis mTavari wyaro iyo `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobisTvis~, romelsac am gziT 9 milion larze meti aqvs miRebuli. imave wels kidev erTma politikurma gaerTianebam _ saqarTvelos respublikurma partiam _ miiRo Semowirulebebi daaxloebiT 86 aTasi laris odenobiT, rac 106.7-jer naklebia `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ Semosavalze. TiTqmis aseTive suraTia 2008 wels. 2009 (arasaarCevno) wels mmarTvel partias Semowiruleba saerTod ar miuRia, saqarTvelos konservatiuli partiisa da `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis~ mier miRebuli Semowirulebebi ki sakmaod mcirea. 2007-2009 wlebSi iuridiul pirTa mier ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebis umravlesoba fuladi iyo31, fizikuri pirebi ki ufro xSirad arafulad Semowirulebebs axorcielebdnen. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelo~ Seecada gaerkvia am Semowirulebebis warmomavloba, kerZod, ukavSirdeboda Tu ara maTi ganxorcieleba partiis wevrobas, da sTxova Sesabamis partiebs, mieTiTebinaT, SemomwirvelTagan ramdeni iyo partiis wevri.32 aqve ixileT cxrilebi ##5-7. cxrili #5. partiebis mier 2007 wels miRebuli Semowirulebebi33 politikuri gaerTianeba
*
fizikuri pirebis raodenoba
fizikuri pirebisgan miRebuli Tanxa (larebSi)
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
23
279 597.00
saqarTvelos respublikuri34 partia
40
85 727.00
m. S., partiis wevrebis raodenoba
m. S., partiis wevrebisgan miRebuli Tanxa (larebSi)
organizacias ar miawoda informacia
6
iuridiuli pirebis raodenoba
iuridiuli pirebisgan miRebuli Tanxa (larebSi)
240
8 875 802.00
0
_
36 100.00
wyaro: ceskos mier mowodebuli partiebis finansuri angariSebi
cxrili #6. partiebis mier 2008 wels miRebuli Semowirulebebi politikuri gaerTianeba
31
32
33
34
35
fizikuri pirebis raodenoba
fizikuri pirebisgan miRebuli Tanxa (larebSi)
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
52
693 000.00
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia
_35
1 663.00
m. S., partiis wevrebis raodenoba
m. S., partiis wevrebisgan miRebuli Tanxa (larebSi)
organizacias ar miawoda informacia
_
1 663.00
iuridiuli pirebis raodenoba
iuridiuli pirebisgan miRebuli Tanxa (larebSi)
454
11 606 322.00
0
_
2007 wels 240 iuridiuli pirisgan mxolod orma ganaxorciela `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ angariSze arafuladi Semowiruleba 163 997 laris odenobiT. 2008 da 2009 wlebSi aseTi Semowiruleba iuridiul pirTagan saerTod ar yofila. miuxedavad imisa, rom `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom~ politikur gaerTianebebs ganumarta informaciis moTxovnis mizani, `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~ mis gacemaze uari ganacxada im motiviT, rom informaciis miwodeba ar iyo savaldebulo saarCevno kanonmdeblobiT. sxva partiebma organizacias srulyofilad miawodes informacia partiuli kuTvnilebis Sesaxeb. monacemebi pirdapir amoRebulia ceskodan miRebuli angariSidan, Tumca jamuri Tanxa zogierT SemTxvevaSi ar emTxveva angariSSi partiebis mier miTiTebul jamur Tanxas, ZiriTadad garkveuli teqnikuri xarvezebis gamo. Cven aq moviyvaneT angariSSi mocemuli Tanxebi, jamuri Tanxis miTiTebisagan ki Tavi SevikaveT. fuladi Semowiruleba: 1 (6 700 lari); arafuladi Semowiruleba: 38 (sul 72 327 lari). aseve iyo 1 anonimuri Semowiruleba 10 000 laris odenobiT. aRniSnuli Semowiruleba partiis angariSze 2007 wlis 1 oqtombramde ganxorcielda, rodesac jer kidev nebadarTuli iyo anonimuri Semowirulebis miReba. aRniSnuli monacemi ar iyo asaxuli konservatiuli partiis angariSSi, amitom zusti informacia Semomwirvelebis Sesaxeb ar mogvepoveba. partiis warmomadgenlebis ganmartebiT, es Tanxa TxuTmeti piris Semowirulia.
13
*
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba36
5
58 821.00
3
50 000.00
0
_
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia
1
650.00
0
_
0
_
saqarTvelos gza
6
11 450.00
3
6 000.00
0
_
xalxis partia
7
14 760.00
7
14 760.00
0
_
wyaro: ceskos mier mowodebuli partiebis finansuri angariSebi
cxrili #7. partiebis mier 2009 wels miRebuli Semowirulebebi politikuri gaerTianeba
*
fizikuri pirebis raodenoba
fizikuri pirebisgan miRebuli Tanxa (larebSi)
m. S., partiis wevrebis raodenoba
m. S., partiis wevrebisgan miRebuli Tanxa (larebSi)
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia
_37
17 345.00
_
17 345.00
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba
9
38 778.00
2
5 400.00
iuridiuli pirebis raodenoba
0
iuridiuli pirebisgan miRebuli Tanxa (larebSi)
_
_
wyaro: ceskos mier mowodebuli partiebis finansuri angariSebi
2007 wels Semowirulebebi orive partiis SemTxvevaSi noember-dekemberSi _ 2008 wlis 5 ianvris saprezidento arCevnebis wina periodSi _ ganxorcielda, 2008 (saarCevno) wels ramdenime Semowirulebaa ganxorcielebuli, 2009 (arasaarCevno) wels ki Semowirulebebi mxolod orma politikurma gaerTianebam miiRo. 2007 da 2008 wlebSi Semowirulebebi TiTqmis mTlianad partiebis an saTanado blokis saarCevno kampaniis fondebSi gadairicxa (rogorc partiis mier ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebi) da Sesabamis saarCevno kampaniebs moxmarda. 2009 wlis SemosavlebiT ki partiebma zogadi tipis xarjebi gaswies (SromiTi anazRaurebebi, warmomadgenlobiTi xarjebi da a.S.). 2007-2009 wlebSi iuridiuli pirebisgan Semowirulebebi erTma partiam _ `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~ _ miiRo. sxva partiebis SemTxvevaSi Semomwirvelebi mxolod fizikuri pirebi iyvnen. sxva tipis Semosavlebi rogorc aRiniSna, `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis Tanaxmad, partiis qonebas Seadgens partiis simbolikis damzadebiTa da gavrcelebiT, partiis mier leqciebis, gamofenebisa da sxva msgavsi RonisZiebebis mowyobiT, agreTve sawesdebo miznebidan gamomdinare sagamomcemlo da sxva saqmianobidan miRebuli Tanxebi, romlebic ar cvlis partiis, rogorc arasamewarmeo 36
37
14
`qristian-demokratiul moZraobas~ partiisa da saarCevno kampaniis fondis Semowirulebebi gaerTianebuli hqondaT. kerZod, SemomwirvelebSi maT miTiTebuli hqondaT is pirebic, vinc saarCevno kampaniis fondSi ganaxorciela Semowiruleba. Cven gamovyaviT saarCevno kampaniis damfinanseblebi da mxolod partiis angariSze gamoyofili Semowirulebebi moviyvaneT aq. meti TvalsaCinoebisaTvis ix. danarTis diagrama #6. qristian demokratiuli partiis Semosavlebi 2007-2009ww. da ixileT veb-gverdze: `qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba (wliuri dafinanseba 2008w. – fizikuri pirebis Semowirulebebi)~. aRniSnuli monacemi ar iyo asaxuli konservatiuli partiis angariSSi, amitom zusti informacia Semomwirvelebis Sesaxeb ar mogvepoveba. partiis warmomadgenlebis ganmartebiT, es Tanxa oTxi piris Semowirulia.
iuridiuli piris, xasiaTs. aseve dasaSvebia sajaro RonisZiebebis meSveobiT miRebuli Semowirulebebi. aseT Semowirulebebze ar vrceldeba kanonis moTxovnebi fizikuri Tu iuridiuli piris Sesaxeb monacemebis miTiTebis Taobaze, Tumca maTi odenoba ar unda aRematebodes 30 000 lars weliwadSi38. finansuri angariSebidan Cans, rom aRniSnuli gzebiT Semosavali arc erT partias ar miuRia. maTi ganmartebiT, amas ori ZiriTadi mizezi aqvs: (1) erTi mxriv, aseTi saqmianoba ufro met xarjs iwvevs, vidre Semosavals; (2) meore mxriv, is risks Seicavs, radgan SesaZlebelia garkveuli provokaciis arseboba.39 partiebis gancxadebiT, SeiZleba sajaro RonisZiebebze maT ver moaxerxon Semowirulebis zeda zRvris kontroli da kanoni daarRvion. kanoniT dadgenili wesis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi ki pasuxismgebloba sakmaod mZimea.40 TvalsaCinoebisTvis aqve (#1-4 diagramebze) ixileT Semosavlebis ZiriTadi tipebi kategoriebis mixedviT.41
aTasi lari
diagrama #1: partiebis Semosavlebi saxelmwifo biujetidan 2007-2009 ww42. 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0
2007
axali memarjveneebi
enm
konservatiuli partia
Cven TviTon
qdm
mgs
respublikuri partia
2008
2009
saqarTvelos gza
*
detaluri monacemebisTvis ixileT cxrili #1. partiebis mier saxelmwifosgan 2007_2009 ww. miRebuli dafinanseba
38
`moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 26-e muxlis me-4 punqti. avtoris interviuebi saqarTvelos konservatiuli da respublikuri partiebis warmomadgenlebTan. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 28-e muxlis Tanaxmad, kanonis darRveviT miRebuli finansuri da materialuri Semowirulebebi partiam erTi Tvis vadaSi unda gadasces saxelmwifo xazinas. am moTxovnis Seusruleblobis SemTxvevaSi es Semowirulebebi iZulebiT gadairicxeba saxelmwifo biujetSi. amasTanave, Tu am Semowirulebebis saerTo Rirebuleba weliwadSi: a) 2 000-dan 15 000 laramdea, partias moexsneba saxelmwifo dafinanseba 1 wlis ganmavlobaSi; b) 15 000-dan 50Â 000-mdea, partias moexsneba saxelmwifo dafinanseba 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi; g) 50 000 larze metia, partias moexsneba saxelmwifo dafinanseba 4 wlis ganmavlobaSi. im partiebis mimarT, romlebsac ara aqvT saxelmwifo dafinansebis ufleba, es sanqciebi amoqmeddeba am uflebis miRebis Semdeg. partiaTa Semosavlebis Sesaxeb damatebiTi informaciisTvis ixileT danarTis diagramebi ##2_10. sxvadasxva partiis Semosavlebi. diagramebze mocemuli abreviaturebi: `enm~ _ `erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~, `qdm~ _ `qritian-demokratiuli moZraoba~, `mgs~ _ `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~.
39 40
41 42
15
diagrama #2: partiebis Semosavlebi ganviTarebisa da reformebis fondidan 2009 w. 2009
250
aTasi lari
200 100 50 0 axali memarjveneebi
*
enm
konservatiuli partia
Cven TviTon
qdm
mgs
respublikuri partia
saqarTvelos gza
detaluri monacemebisTvis ixileT cxrili #2. fondis mier 2009 wels dafinansebuli partiebi
diagrama #3: partiebis Semosavlebi sawevro Senatanebis saxiT 2007-2009 ww. 155 2007
2008
2009
79
aTasi lari
20 15 10 5 0 axali memarjveneebi
*
16
enm
konservatiuli partia
Cven TviTon
qdm
mgs
respublikuri partia
saqarTvelos gza
detaluri monacemebisTvis ixileT cxrili #3. partiebis mier 2007_2009 wlebSi miRebuli sawevro Senatanebi.
diagrama #4: partiebis Semosavlebi Semowirulebebis saxiT 2007-2009 ww. 12479
2007
9155
2008
2009
100
aTasi lari
80 60 40 20 0 axali memarjveneebi
*
enm
konservatiuli partia
Cven TviTon
qdm
mgs
respublikuri partia
saqarTvelos gza
detaluri monacemebisTvis ixileT cxrili #4. partiebis mier 2007_2009 ww. miRebuli Semowirulebebi.
partiebis xarjebi partiaTa xarjebis analizi ufro rTulia, radgan xarjTaRricxvisa da finansuri angariSis wardgenis erTgvarovani forma ar arsebobs da partiebi xarjebis erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebul kategoriebs gamoyofen. partiaTa warmomadgenlebis TqmiT43, isini ZiriTadad buRaltruli aRricxvis gavrcelebul formebs iyeneben. amis miuxedavad, zogierTi partiis xarjTaRricxva detaluria, zogierTisa ki _ ufro zogadi. umetes SemTxvevaSi, xarjebi Semdeg ZiriTad kategoriebad aris dayofili: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Sromis anazRaureba; mivlinebebi; ofisis xarjebi (m. S., qira/ijara); gadasaxadebi biujetSi; saarCevno kampaniis xarjebi; momsaxurebis xarjebi.
zogierTi partia damatebiT gamoyofs sxva tipis xarjebs: komunaluri gadasaxadebi, aqtivebis SeZenis xarjebi; sakomunikacio xarjebi; sakancelario xarjebi; satransporto xarjebi; warmomadgenlobiTi xarjebi da sxv. yvelaze detalur xarjTaRricxvas `erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~, saqarTvelos respublikuri partia da `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ akeTeben. `axali memarjveneebi~, saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia da `saqarTvelos gza~ sul 4-5 tipis xarjs gamoyofen da danarCens `sxva xarjebSi~ aTavseben. kanonis Tanaxmad fondisgan miRebul miznobriv dafinansebas, romelic konferenciebisTvis, treningebisTvis, saarCevno kvlevebisa da mivlinebebisTvis aris gankuTvnili, partiebi ZiriTadad mivlinebebisTvis xarjaven, radgan, maTi gancxadebiT, kvlevebis gansaxorcieleblad es Tanxa Zalian mcirea. 43
avtoris interviu `saqarTvelos gzis~, saqarTvelos respublikuri da konservatiuli partiebis warmomadgenlebTan.
17
respublikuri partiis warmomadgenlis TqmiT, 2010 wels blokSi `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ Semavalma partiebma fondisgan miRebuli Tanxebi gaaerTianes da kvlevebi blokis meSveobiT Caatares44. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelo~ Seecada partiebis xarjTaRricxva xarjebis zemoT CamoTvlili kategoriebis mixedviT erTian formatSi moeqcia. TvalsaCinoebisTvis aqve ixileT cxrilebi ##8-10.45 cxrili #8. partiebis xarjebi 2007_2009 wlebSi (nawili 1) politikuri gaerTianeba
Sromis anazRaureba (2007)
Sromis anazRaureba (2008)
Sromis anazRaureba (2009)
mivlinebebi (2007)
mivlinebebi (2008)
axali memarjveneebi
10 200.00
9 900.00
5 560.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
34 400.00
300 352.00
469 300.00
0.00
3 950.00
0.00
4 750.00
27 287.50
60 669.00
55 260.00
119 760.00
215 192.00
48 966.84
ar arsebobda
9 603.00
1 511.00
2 181.00
0.00
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia Cven TviTon
ar arsebobda
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba
ar arsebobda
84 400.00
578 266.00
ar arsebobda
6 883.20
46 583.75
60 350.00
30 049.13
46 384.23
43 525.70
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia
45 741.00
49 535.00
57 812.00
495.00
0.00
0.00
saqarTvelos gza
ar arsebobda
0.00
14 660.00
ar arsebobda
0.00
18 496.65
xalxis partia
ar arsebobda
6 840.00
ar arsebobda
0.00
0.00
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
28 232.25
5 493.00
*
wyaro: ceskos mier mowodebuli partiebis finansuri angariSebi
44
avtoris interviu `saqarTvelos respublikuri partiis~ finansur menejerTan, gigla agulaSvilTan. damatebiTi TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT danarTis diagramebi ##11-15 partiebis mier gaweuli sxvadasxva xarji.
45
18
mivlinebebi (2009)
cxrili #9. partiebis xarjebi 2007-2009 wlebSi (nawili 2) politikuri gaerTianeba
ofisis xarjebi46 (2007)
axali memarjveneebi
171 647.00
255 040.47
239 897.98
2 040.00
0.00
0.00
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
385 381.00
403 294.00 1 053 379.00
6 880.00
538 769.00
270 464.00
41 970.00
3 341.08
7 108.00
13 920.75
60 542.25
ar arsebobda
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia
*
ofisis xarjebi (2008)
14 192.35
26 476.50
ofisis xarjebi (2009)
gadasaxadebi biujetSi (2007)
gadasaxadebi biujetSi (2008)
gadasaxadebi biujetSi (2009)
Cven TviTon
ar arsebobda
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba
ar arsebobda
358 480.00
76 649.20
ar arsebobda
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
114 990.02
86 786.67
79 795.56
2 514.00
12 011.41
7 682.50
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia
86 595.00
165 495.00
241 272.00
3 590.00
17 058.00
21 419.00
saqarTvelos gza
ar arsebobda
8 836.74
21 754.00
ar arsebobda
0.00
3 590.00
xalxis partia
ar arsebobda
28 170.00
ar arsebobda
1 373.25
0.00
12 201.73
20 782.50
wyaro: ceskos mier mowodebuli partiebis finansuri angariSebi
cxrili #10. partiebis xarjebi 2007-2009 wlebSi (nawili 3) politikuri gaerTianeba
axali memarjveneebi erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia
46
47
48
momsaxurebis xarjebi47 (2007)
momsaxurebis xarjebi (2008)
momsaxurebis xarjebi (2009)
saarCevno kampaniis xarjebi (2007)
saarCevno kampaniis xarjebi (2008)
sxva xarjebi48 (2007)
sxva xarjebi (2008)
sxva xarjebi (2009)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
23 786.80
534 196.00
2 996 845.00
914 856.00
32 186 257.00
21 318 865.00
443 077.00
856 137.00
36 440.00
0.00
0.00
356.72
0.00
0.00
28 695.08
124 409.16
39 839.22
ofisis xarjebi moicavs Semdeg xarjebs: ofisis qiris/ijaris, sakancelario nivTebis SeZenis, saremonto samuSaoebis, transportis, komunikaciis da sxv. momsaxurebis xarjebi moicavs Semdeg xarjebs: saadvokato momsaxurebis, auditoruli momsaxurebis, arasaarCevno sareklamo momsaxurebis, sabanko momsaxurebis. `sxva xarjebi~ moicavs politikuri gaerTianebebis mier miTiTebul `sxva xarjebs~, aseve: fondis miznobriv xarjebs (calke gamoyofili hqondaT `axal memarjveneebs~, `qristian-demokratiul moZraobas~, xalxis partias, saqarTvelos konservatiul da respublikur partiebs), daxmarebebis, saxelSekrulebo valdebulebebis da sxva araklasificirebul xarjebs.
19
*
Cven TviTon
ar arsebobda
0.00
0.00
ar arsebobda
0.00
ar arsebobda
4 026.40
240.14
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba
ar arsebobda
0.00
0.00
ar arsebobda
693 717.00
ar arsebobda
63 869.00
181 995.95
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
3 661.97
31 116.45
2 563.09
13 614.73
35 500.00
8 950.00
25 538.92
24 260.90
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia
11 783.00
6 148.00
10 045.00
11 093.00
10 000.00
5 221.00
3 440.00
98 484.00
saqarTvelos gza
ar arsebobda
3 105.00
0.00
ar arsebobda
0.00
ar arsebobda
267.50
48 975.28
xalxis partia
ar arsebobda
0.00
0.00
ar arsebobda
0.00
ar arsebobda
4 135.39
47 722.08
wyaro: ceskos mier mowodebuli partiebis finansuri angariSebi
daskvna partiebis yovelwliuri finansuri angariSebis analizis Sedegad gamoikveTa ramdenime problema, kerZod: ü ar arsebobs xarjTaRricxvis erTiani forma, rac angariSebis araerTgvarovnebas iwvevs da analizs arTulebs. zogierTi partia ZiriTad xarjebs sul 4-5 kategoriaSi aerTianebs, zogierTis angariSi ki SedarebiT detaluria _ masSi 10-15 tipis xarjia gamoyofili, riTac ufro srulyofili suraTi iqmneba. ü ar arsebobs partiebis yovelwliuri finansuri angariSebis monitoringze pasuxismgebeli organo. ceskos mxolod informaciis Tavmoyra evaleba da makontroleblis funqcia ar aqvs. amitom is uamravi xarvezi da araTanamimdevruloba, romlebic finansuri angariSebis analizisas ikveTeba, saTanado reagirebis gareSe rCeba. ü partiis Semosavlis ZiriTadi nawili saarCevno kampanias xmardeba. Sesabamisad, partiis mudmiv angariSze winasaarCevnod ufro meti Tanxa Sedis, vidre arasaarCevno periodSi. amis naTeli magaliTia `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ Semosavlebi. kerZod, man Semowirulebebis udidesi nawili 2007 wlis bolos (2008 wlis 5 ianvris saprezidento arCevnebis winasaarCevno periodSi) da 2008 wels (5 ianvris saprezidento da 21 maisis saparlamento arCevnebis winasaarCevno periodebSi) miiRo, 2009 (arasaarCevno) wels ki aseTi Semosavali saerTod ar hqonia. aRniSnuli Tanxa winasaarCevnod saarCevno kampaniis fondSi iricxeba da warmomavlobis kontrolis gareSe ganikargeba. amasTanave, partiis Semowirulebis zeda zRvari ar aris dadgenili. SesaZlebelia, rom erTi da imave Semomwirvelma Seitanos gansazRvrul limitze meti Semowiruleba partiis mudmiv angariSze da saarCevno kampaniis fondSi49. ü winaaRmdegobrivia sajaro RonisZiebebis meSveobiT Semowirulebis miRebis sakiTxi. es ufleba TiTqmis arc erT partias ar gamouyenebia. zogierTi mas safrTxis Semcvelad miiCnevs, radgan sajaro RonisZiebaze SesaZlebelia anonimuri Semowirulebis miReba. fizikuri pirebi, gansakuTrebiT opoziciuri partiis SemTxvevaSi, Semowirulebis swored anonimurad ganxorcielebas amjobineben. ase rom, Tanxis miRebis kontroli garTulebulia. amasTanave, sajaro RonisZiebebis meSveobiT miRebuli Semowirulebebis odenoba erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi 30 000 lars ar unda aRematebodes. SesaZlebelia, provokaciis mizniT sajaro RonisZiebebze am zRvarze meti Tanxa iqnes Sewiruli, rac partias iZule49
20
magaliTad, 2008 wels erT-erTma iuridiulma pirma ss `transmSenma~ (iuridiuli misamarTi: doliZis q. #2) `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ saprezidento kandidatis mixeil saakaSvilis saarCevno kampaniis fonds Seswira 100 000 lari (11 ianvars, aRniSnuli fondis daxurvamde), imave wlis 10 marts ki am politikur gaerTianebas Seswira 75 000 lari. jamSi, erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi erTi iuridiuli pirisgan erTi saarCevno subieqtisTvis Sewirulma Tanxam Seadgina 175 000 lari kanoniT gansazRvrul maqsimumze meti.
buls gaxdis, igi biujetSi gadaricxos. aqedan gamomdinare, sajaro RonisZiebebis meSveobiT Semowirulebis miRebis sakiTxi kargavs relevantobas. swored amitom aRniSnuli ufleba TiTqmis ar gamoyenebula. am problemebis gadasaWrelad, erTi mxriv, unda dadgindes finansuri angariSgebis erTiani, srulyofili forma, romelic SeZlebisdagvarad detalurad asaxavs Semosavlebisa da xarjebis tipologias; meore mxriv, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT unda ganisazRvros partiebis dafinansebis zedamxedvelobasa da monitoringze pasuxismgebeli organo, romelic maTi finansuri saqmianobis srul kontrols ganaxorcielebs.
21
nawili 2 saarCevno kampaniis dafinanseba
2008-2010 wlebSi saqarTveloSi sami arCevnebi Catarda: 2008 wlis 5 ianvris saprezidento, 2008 wlis 21 maisis saparlamento da 2010 wlis 30 maisis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis50 arCevnebi. qvemoT ganxilulia am arCevnebis dros saarCevno kampaniebis dafinansebis sakiTxebi _ arsebuli kanonmdebloba da praqtika. saarCevno kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, saarCevno kampaniis fondi51 aris saarCevno subieqtis52 fuladi saxsrebisa da usasyidlod miRebuli saqonlis da momsaxurebis (sabazro fasebiT) erToblioba. am fondSi iricxeba nebismieri Semosavali, romlis mozidvasac SeZlebs saarCevno subieqti winasaarCevno kampaniis periodSi.53 saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSze Caricxuli fuladi saxsrebi da usasyidlod miRebuli saqoneli da momsaxureba iTvleba saarCevno kampaniis fondSi saarCevno Semowirulebad.54 saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~ adgens SezRudvas, romlis Sesabamisadac, saarCevno kampaniis fondSi miRebuli finansuri da materialuri Semowirulebebi ar unda aRematebodes: fizikuri pirisagan (maT Soris, individualuri mewarmisagan) 30Â 000 lars, xolo iuridiuli pirisagan _ 100Â 000 lars. es SezRudva ar vrceldeba partiis mier sakuTar saarCevno kampaniis fondSi ganxorcielebul Semowirulebebze.55 kodeqsi krZalavs fondSi Semowirulebebis miRebas: sxva saxelmwifosagan, sxva saxelmwifos iuridiuli an fizikuri pirisagan, moqalaqeobis armqone pirisagan, saerTaSoriso organizaciisa da moZraobisagan, arasamewarmeo iuridiuli pirisagan, religiuri organizaciisagan, iseTi samewarmeo iuridiuli pirisagan, romelSic aris saxelmwifo wili.56 arCevnebis dasrulebis Semdeg saarCevno subieqti ceskos warudgens saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSs, romelic moicavs: auditorul daskvnas, informacias Semowirulebebis Sesaxeb, zogad da detalur xarjTaRricxvas. am angariSis wardgena xdeba ceskos mier damtkicebuli formiT.57
50
51
52
53 54 55 56
22
am arCevnebis sruli dasaxelebaa `2010 wlis 30 maisis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis warmomadgenlobiTi organos _ sakrebulos, saqarTvelos dedaqalaqis _ q. Tbilisis merisa da saqarTvelos parlamentis Sualeduri arCevnebi~. saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~ (2001 wlis 2 agvisto, #1047-rs; gamoqveynebulia: saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo macne, #25, 22.08.2001, mux. 107), 46-e muxlis 1-li nawili. sajaro xelisuflebis warmomadgenlobiTi organos wevrobis an Tanamdebobis kandidati, Sesabamisi saarCevno komisiis mier registrirebuli partia, saarCevno bloki an amomrCevelTa sainiciativo jgufi (saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~, me-3 muxlis `T~ qvepunqti). saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~, 46-e muxlis me-7 nawilebi. saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~, 47-e muxlis 1-li nawili. saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~, 47-e muxlis 31 da 3 3 nawilebi. saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~, 47-e muxlis me-5 nawili.
ceskosTan arCevnebis daniSvnidan 5 dRis vadaSi iqmneba sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebiT, iuristebiTa da licenzirebuli auditorebiT dakompleqtebuli finansuri monitoringis jgufi, romelic amowmebs ceskoSi wardgenil angariSebs da amzadebs Sesabamis daskvnebs.58 2008 wlis 5 ianvris saprezidento arCevnebi 2008 wels saprezidento arCevnebSi monawileobda 7 saarCevno subieqti: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
arkadi patarkaciSvili (sainiciativo jgufi); giorgi maisaSvili (`giorgi maisaSvili~); daviT gamyreliZe (`axali memarjveneebi _ axlebi~); irina sariSvili-Wanturia (sainiciativo jgufi); levan gaCeCilaZe (`Tavisufleba~);59 mixeil saakaSvili (`erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~); Salva naTelaSvili (`saqarTvelos leiboristuli partia~).
es angariSi mxolod im saarCevno subieqtebis dafinansebis sakiTxebs mimoixilavs, romelTa warmdgenma partiebmac mogvianebiT, 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi, mandatebi moipoves TbilisSi. es subieqtebi arian: daviT gamyreliZe, levan gaCeCilaZe, mixeil saakaSvili. saarCevno kampaniis fondebis Semosavlebi saprezidento arCevnebisTvis iuridiul pirTagan Semowirulebebi, ZiriTadad, mmarTvelma partiam miiRo.60 mixeil saakaSvilis saarCevno fonds TiTqmis orjer meti fizikuri piri hyavda Semomwirveli, vidre danarCeni ori kandidatisas erTad. daviT gamyreliZis SemTxvevaSi Semomwirvel fizikur pirTa 3/4 partiis wevri iyo, danarCenebi ki _ gareSe pirebi. ixileT cxrili #11. cxrili #11. SemomwirvelTa raodenoba 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebisTvis61 subieqti
fizikuri pirebi
m. S. partiis wevrebi62
daviT gamyreliZe
20
15
levan gaCeCilaZe
28
3
63
mixeil saakaSvili
65
108
iuridiuli pirebi
0 2
64
ar aris xelmisawvdomi
66
138
67
partia
jami
1
21
2
32
1
247
*
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
57
saqarTvelos centraluri saarCevno komisiis 2003 wlis 4 oqtombris #58/2003 gankarguleba. ix. http://www.cec.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=GEO&sec_id=62&info_id=6220. xarjTaRricxvis formis nimuSi ixileT danarTis cxrilSi #1 ceskos mier dadgenili forma saarCevno xarjebisaTvis. saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~, 48-e muxlis 101 nawili. oficialurad levan gaCeCilaZis saarCevno kampaniis fonds gankargavda partia `Tavisufleba~. Tumca gaCeCilaZis warmdgen blokSi aliansis saxiT Sediodnen `respublikuri partia~, `saqarTvelos gza~, `konservatiuli partia~ da sxva opoziciuri gaerTianebebi. iuridiuli pirebis SemowirulebebTan mimarTebiT analogiuri suraTia aq arganxiluli subieqtebis SemTxvevaSi. meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT danarTis diagramebi ##16_17 Semowirulebebisa da SemomwirvelTa raodenoba saprezidento arCevnebze. Semomwirveli fizikuri pirebis raodenobaSi Sedis partiis wevrebi. iuridiuli pirebidan ki gamoyofilia _ partia/partiebi. levan gaCeCilaZis fondis angariSSi Semomwirvelebad 10 iuridiuli piri iyo miTiTebuli, Tumca maTgan 8 satelevizio da radiomauwyeblebi iyvnen, romelTac subieqtisaTvis saarCevno kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli ufaso reklama ganaTavses. kanoni am informaciis miTiTebas ar moiTxovs. Sesabamisad, is cxrilidanac amoRebulia. SesaZloa, levan gaCeCilaZis damfinansebel fizikur pirebs Soris ufro meti partiis wevria, vidre aq aris miTiTebuli. Cven ver SevZeliT partiuli siebis miReba yvela im partiisgan, romlebic levan gaCeCilaZis kandidatad warmdgen blokSi iyo gaerTianebuli. fizikuri pirebi aseve moicavs individualur mewarmeebs (individualurma mewarmeebma Semowiruleba mxolod mixeil saakaSvilis saarCevno kampaniis fondSi ganaxorcieles, sul 10-ma aseTma subieqtma Seswira mas sxvadasxva odenobis Tanxa). `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ TiToeuli politikuri Zalisagan gamoiTxova informacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu Semomwirvel fizikur pirTagan, romlebi iyvnen partiis wevrebi. mis gacemaze uari ganacxada `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~, im motiviT, rom informaciis miwodeba ar iyo savaldebulo saarCevno kanonmdeblobiT da mas informaciis gacemis valdebuleba ar hqonda dakisrebuli. sxva partiebs uari ar ganucxadebiaT aRniSnuli informaciis gacemaze. 138 iuridiuli piridan 41 (romelTac jamSi kandidats Seswires 2 979 215 lari), 2010 wlis mdgomareobiT, msxvili gadamxdelia. sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, msxvili gadamxdeli aris iuridiuli piri, romelic akmayofilebs Semdeg kriteriumebs: `a) gadasaxadis gadamxdelis wliuri brunvis moculoba (aRemateba 3 mln. lars); b) gadasaxadis gadamxdelis sagadasaxado valdebulebis odenoba (aranakleb 150 aTasi lari); g) aqcizis gadamxdelTaTvis gadamxdelis wliuri brunvis moculoba (aRemateba 1.5 mln. lars); d) aqcizis gadamxdelTaTvis sagadasaxado valdebulebis odenoba (aranakleb 100 aTasi lari). `sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris – Semosavlebis samsaxuris debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos finansTa ministris 2010 wlis 31 martis #248 brZanebiT damtkicebuli debulebis me-20 muxlis me-2 punqti (2010 wlis 31 dekembramde mdgomareobiT).
58 59
60 61 62 63
64
65
66
67
23
ori opoziciuri kandidatis mier miRebul SemowirulebaTa saerTo Tanxa 1 milion larze naklebia, mixeil saakaSvilis mier miRebuli Semowirulebebisa ki _ daaxloebiT 23 milioni lari (maT Soris, 12,7 milioni lari _ pirdapir saarCevno kampaniis fondSi, xolo 10,3 milioni lari _ `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ angariSidan). ixileT cxrili #12. cxrili #12. Semowirulebebis odenoba SemomwirvelTa mixedviT 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebisTvis subieqti
fizikuri pirebi
m. S. partiis wevrebi
pirebi
partia
jami
daviT gamyreliZe
145 000.00
127 000.00
_
7 500.00
152 500.00
levan gaCeCilaZe69
630 390.00
80 000.00
93 350.00
13 593.00
737 333.00
2 792 362.53
ar aris xelmisawvdomi70
9 895 800.00
10 297 955.82
22 986 118.35
mixeil saakaSvili *
iuridiuli
68
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
mmarTveli partiis angariSidan gadaricxuli Tanxis 89% partiam winasaarCevno periodSi Semowirulebebis saxiT miiRo da Semdeg Tavisi saxeliT gadaricxa mixeil saakaSvilis saarCevno kampaniis fondSi. Tu gadavxedavT partiis 2007-2008 wlebis Semomwirvelebs (vinaidan arCevnebi 2008 wlis ianvarSi iyo, fondi 2007 wlis oqtomberSi gaixsna da 2008 wlis 25 ianvars daixura), vnaxavT, rom 240 iuridiuli piridan 239-ma Semowirulebebi swored winasaarCevno periodSi ganaxorciela. maTi saerTo Tanxaa 8 647 837 lari _ partiis mier 2007 wels iuridiul pirTagan miRebuli Semowirulebebis 94%. amdenad, mixeil saakaSvili winasaarCevno periodSi realurad 377-ma iuridiulma pirma daafinansa. yvela (23-ma) fizikurma pirma aseve winasaarCevno periodSi ganaxorciela partiis angariSze 279 597 laris odenobis Semowirulebebi. saarCevno kampaniis fondSi partiis mier ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebis kontroli garTulebulia, radgan SemomwirvelTa identificireba mas Semdeg xdeba SesaZlebeli, rac partia wliur finansur angariSs amzadebs da ceskoSi waradgens. es angariSi momdevno wlis ianvris bolomde unda iqnes wardgenili, saarCevno kampaniis fondis Sesaxeb informacia ki arCevnebis dasrulebidan mokle xanSi xdeba sajaro. sainteresoa is faqti, rom ramdenime saarCevno subieqtis saarCevno kampaniis fondebSi Semowirulebebi arCevnebis Semdegac ganxorcielda (ixileT cxrili #13). partiaTa ganmartebiT,71 es xdeba fondis mier aRebuli valdebulebebis dasafaravad,72 romelTaTvisac fondSi sakmarisi Tanxebi ar rCeba. opoziciuri partiebis gancxadebiT, aseT Semowirulebebs ZiriTadad Tavad es partiebi an maTi wevrebi axorcieleben. arCevnebis Semdeg ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebis gansakuTrebiT didi moculobiT mmarTveli partia gamoirCeva. 138 Semomwirveli iuridiuli piridan 83-ma (60%-ze metma) Semowiruleba arCevnebis Semdeg, 68 69
70 71
72
24
ix. sqolio 62. saarCevno angariSis Tanaxmad, levan gaCeCilaZis fondis Semosavali daaxloebiT 6,860 mln lars Seadgenda, Tumca aqedan 6,123 mln lari kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli ufaso reklamis safasuri iyo. ix. sqolio 66. avtoris interviuebi blokis `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ generalur mdivanTan, zurab abaSiZesTan, respublikuri partiis warmomadgenelTan, gigla agulaSvilTan, da politikuri gaerTianebis moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis~ warmomadgenelTan. opoziciuri partiebis warmomadgenelTa ganmartebiT, xSirad partiebs zedmetad optimisturi gaTvlebis gamo meti Semowirulebis miRebis imedi aqvT da winaswar xarjaven imaze mets, vidre realuri Semowirulebebia (sareklamo dakveTebis, bilbordebis gamoyenebis davalianebebi da sxv.).
saarCevno kampaniis fondis daxurvamde ramdenime dRiT adre ganaxorciela.73 Tanxobrivad aseTma Semowirulebebma iuridiul pirTagan miRebuli mTliani Tanxis TiTqmis 65% Seadgina. cxrili #13. Semomwirvelebi 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebis Semdeg subieqti
fizikuri pirebi
m. S. partiis wevrebi
*
iuridiuli
74
pirebi
partia
jami
daviT gamyreliZe
0
0
0
0
0
levan gaCeCilaZe
4
0
0
0
4
mixeil saakaSvili
37
83
0
121
ar aris xelmisawvdomi75
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
mTlianobaSi, arCevnebis Semdeg fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebisgan miRebuli Semowirulebebi procentulad Seadgenda: levan gaCeCilaZis SemTxvevaSi _ 14%-s, xolo mixeil saakaSvilis _ 33%-s. ixileT cxrili #14. cxrili #14. 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebis Semdeg ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebis odenoba SemomwirvelTa mixedviT subieqti
*
fizikuri pirebi
m. S. partiis
iuridiuli
wevrebi76
pirebi
partia
jami
daviT gamyreliZe
_
_
_
_
_
levan gaCeCilaZe
101 990.00
_
_
_
101 990.00
mixeil saakaSvili
1 248 800.00
ar aris xelmisawvdomi77
6 479 975.00
_
7 728 775.00
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSSi unda aRiweros, ra tipis Semowiruleba miiRo saarCevno subieqtma _ fuladi Tu arafuladi. zogierTi partia detalurad uTiTebs Semowirulebis saxes (saofise farTobis qiravnoba da sxv.), Tumca umravles SemTxvevaSi mieTiTeba mxolod `fuladi~ an `arafuladi~. magaliTad, levan gaCeCilaZis saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSSi miTiTebuli iyo: `saofise farTi~, `saofise momsaxureba~, `sxvadasxva momsaxureba~, sxva kandidatebs ki mxolod `arafuladi~ hqondaT miTiTebuli. partiaTa Semowirulebebi ZiriTadad fuladi iyo. daviT gamyreliZes arafuladi Semowiruleba saerTod ar miuRia. levan gaCeCilaZes miRebuli aqvs 9 aseTi Semowiruleba, romlebic mTliani Semowirulebebis mxolod 2%-ia. mixeil saakaSvilma ki sul 4 arafuladi Semowiruleba miiRo _ mTliani Semowirulebebis 15%. ixileT cxrilebi ##15-16. 73
74 75 76 77
mmarTvelma partiam es Semowirulebebi 9-11 ianvars miiRo. saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSebis wardgenis bolo vada 13 ianvari iyo. saqarTvelos organuli kanonis `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis~ 48-e muxlis me-6 punqtis Tanaxmad, saarCevno subieqtebma, romlebic winaswari monacemebiT xmebis am kanoniT dadgenil raodenobas miiReben, kenWisyris dRidan ara ugvianes 8 dRisa saarCevno komisias arCevnebisaTvis gamoyenebuli saxsrebis angariSebi unda warudginon. angariSebSi miTiTebuli unda iyos saarCevno kampaniis fondSi Caricxuli fuladi saxsrebis wyaro da mas unda axldes auditoruli daskvna. ix. sqolio 62. ix. sqolio 66. ix. sqolio 62. ix. sqolio 66.
25
cxrili #15. 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebisTvis fuladi da arafuladi Semowirulebebis ganmaxorcieleblebi78 subieqti
fuladi (fizikuri pirebi)
arafuladi (fizikuri pirebi)
fuladi (iuridiuli pirebi)
arafuladi (iuridiuli pirebi)
jami
gamyreliZe
20
0
1
0
21
levan gaCeCilaZe
22
6
1
3
32
mixeil saakaSvili
108
0
136
4
248
daviT
*
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
cxrili #16. 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebisTvis ganxorcielebul fulad da arafulad SemowirulebaTa odenobebi subieqti daviT gamyreliZe levan gaCeCilaZe mixeil saakaSvili *
fuladi
arafuladi
fuladi
arafuladi
jami
(fizikuri pirebi)
(fizikuri pirebi)
(iuridiuli pirebi)
(iuridiuli pirebi)
145 000.00
_
7 500.00
_
152 500.00
627 990.00
2 400.00
93 200.00
13 743.00
737 733.00
2 792 362.53
_
16 689 685.93
3 504 069.89
22 986 118.35
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
saarCevno kampaniis fondebis xarjebi saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSi ceskos mier dadgenili formis mixedviT xorcieldeba.79 saarCevno subieqtebs xarjvis gansxvavebuli prioritetebi aRmoaCndaT (ixileT cxrilebi ##17-18).80 mixeil saakaSvilma xarjebis 50%-ze meti satelevizio reklamaze gaswia. opoziciurma kandidatebma sareklamo rgolebis gansaTavseblad ZiriTadad kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli ufaso sareklamo dro gamoiyenes. amitom maTi sareklamo xarjebi TiTqmis nulis toli iyo. xarjebis udidesi nawili am kandidatebma partiis wevrebisa da aqtivistebis Sromis anazRaurebasa da beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadebaze gaswies.
78
79 80
26
am cxrilis mixedviT SemomwirvelTa raodenoba, SesaZloa, realurze meti iyos, radgan zogierT fizikur/iuridiul pirs an partias SeiZleba orive tipis Semowiruleba hqondes ganxorcielebuli da isini ganmeordes cxrilSi (Tumca umravles SemTxvevaSi partia aseT Semowirulebas axorcielebs _ magaliTad, Tanxas gadaricxavs da Tan Tavis ofiss dauTmobs. ofisis daTmoba arafuladi Semowirulebaa). xarjTaRricxvis formis nimuSi ixileT danarTis cxrilSi #1. ceskos mier dadgenili forma saarCevno xarjebisaTvis. meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT danarTis diagrama #18 saarCevno fondebis xarjebi 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebze.
cxrili #17. 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebis saarCevno kampaniis fondebis xarjebi (nawili 1) politikuri gaerTianeba
*
Sromis anazRaureba
sareklamo rgolebi (m. S. damzadeba)
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi (m. S. damzadeba)
masobrivi RonisZiebebi
daviT gamyreliZe
0.00
14 852.00
10 000.00
13 212.94
levan gaCeCilaZe
300 071.00
292 586.00
0.00
0.00
mixeil saakaSvili
967 533.00
12 469 530.00
2 322 552.00
3 601 174.00
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
cxrili #18. 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebis saarCevno kampaniis fondebis xarjebi (nawili 2) politikuri gaerTianeba
*
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba
socialuri gamokiTxva, konsultaciebi
sxva xarjebi
kapitaluri xarjebi
sul xarjebi
daviT gamyreliZe
38 773.00
0.00
73 058.07
0.00
149 896.01
levan gaCeCilaZe
35 750.00
0.00
92 699.00
0.00
721 106.00
mixeil saakaSvili
1 832 991.00
143 257.00
1 643 054.00
5 990.00
22 986 081.42
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSebSi `sxva xarjebi~ yovelwliuri finansuri angariSebisaze gacilebiT mcirea. amis erT-erTi mizezi isic unda iyos, rom kampaniis fondis angariSisaTvis winaswar dadgenilia forma da Tanxebic amis mixedviT nawildeba. yovelwliuri angariSis SemTxvevaSi ki savaldebulo formis ararsebobis gamo bevri xarji `sxva xarjebSia~ gaerTianebuli. ixileT diagramebi ##5-7. diagrama #5. daviT gamyreliZis saarCevno fondis mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi
10% 6% 9%
49%
sareklamo rgolebi reklama presaSi da bilbordebi
26%
masobrivi RonisZiebebi beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba sxva xarjebi
27
diagrama #6. levan gaCeCilaZis saarCevno fondis mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi
13% 5% 42%
Sromis anazRaureba sareklamo rgolebi beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba
40%
sxva xarjebi
diagrama #7. mixeil saakaSvilis saarCevno fondis mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi
1% Sromis anazRaureba
7%
4%
8%
sareklamo rgolebi reklama presaSi da bilbordebi masobrivi RonisZiebebi beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba socialuri gamokiTxva, konsultaciebi
16%
54% 10%
sxva xarjebi
2008 wlis 21 maisis saparlamento arCevnebi 2008 wels saparlamento arCevnebSi monawileobda 14 saarCevno subieqti: 1. bloki `gaerTianebuli opozicia~ (erovnuli sabWo, memarjveneebi);81 2. `erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~; 3. `Tavisufleba~; 81
28
`gaerTianebul opoziciaSi~ Sediodnen: `axali memarjveneebi _ axlebi~, `Tavisufleba~, `saqarTvelos gza~, `Cven TviTon~, `xalxis partia~, `moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis~, `qarTuli dasi~, `erovnuli forumi~.
4. `saqarTvelos leiboristuli partia~; 5. `moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosaTvis~; 6. `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~; 7. `saqarTvelos respublikuri partia~; 8. `sportsmenTa kavSiri~; 9. `sruliad saqarTvelos radikal-demokratTa nacionaluri partia~; 10. bloki `tradicionalistebi _ Cveni saqarTvelo da qalTa partia~; 11. `qarTuli politika~; 12. `qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba~; 12. `qristian-demokratiuli aliansi~; 14.`Cveni qveyana~. es angariSi mxolod im saarCevno subieqtebis dafinansebis sakiTxebs mimoixilavs, romlebmac 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi monawileobis Sedegad moipoves mandatebi. eseni arian: bloki `gaerTianebuli opozicia~ (erovnuli sabWo, memarjveneebi); `erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~; `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~; `saqarTvelos respublikuri partia~; `qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba~. saarCevno kampaniis fondebis Semosavlebi partiebs erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli SemomwirvelTa struqtura aRmoaCndaT (ixileT cxrili #19). saparlamento arCevnebisTvis yvelaze meti Semomwirveli fizikuri piri (35) (maT TiTqmis naxevars partiis wevrebi Seadgendnen) saqarTvelos respublikur partias hyavda, yvelaze meti Semomwirveli iuridiuli piri (44) ki _ isev mmarTvel partias. cxrili #19. SemomwirvelTa raodenoba 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebisTvis politikuri gaerTianeba
m. S. partiis wevrebi82
iuridiuli pirebi
partia
jami
24
15
0
0
24
29
ar aris xelmisawvdomi84
4485
1
74
6
1
2
1
10
respublikuri partia
35
16
5
1
41
qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba
13
8
0
0
20
gaerTianebuli opozicia erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba 83 mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
*
fizikuri pirebi
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
SemowirulebaTa didi nawili opoziciurma partiebma fizikuri pirebisgan miiRes, xolo mmarTvelma partiam _ iuridiuli pirebisgan. fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebisgan met-naklebad Tanabari Semowirulebebi miiRo saqarTvelos respublikurma partiam. miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos respublikurma partiam yvelaze meti fizikuri pirisgan miiRo Semowiruleba, ufro meti Tanxa `gaerTianebul opozicias~ aqvs miRebuli. amasTanave, `gaerTianebul opozicias~ fizikur pirTa Semowirulebebis 62%-ze meti partiis wevrTagan aqvs miRebuli, mmarTvelma partiam ki iuridiul pirTagan Semowirulebebis 80%-mde partiidan gadaricxuli TanxebiT miiRo. ixileT cxrili #2086.
82 83
84 85
86
ix. sqolio 62. `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~ SemomwirvelTa siaSi gamorCenili hqonda 2 iuridiuli piri. amis gamo Cvens monacemsa da enm-is monacems Soris sxvaobaa. sxvaoba Tanxobrivad 150 000 lars Seadgens. detalebisaTvis ixileT veb-gverdze: `erTiani erovnuli moZraoba (2008 saparlamento arCevnebi _ iuridiul pirTa Semowirulobebi)~. ix. sqolio 66. 44 iuridiuli piridan 41 (romelTac jamSi kandidats Seswires 2 979Â 215 lari) 2010 wlis mdgomareobiT iTvleba msxvil gadamxdelad (ganmartebisaTvis ix. sqolio 67). meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT danarTis diagramebi ##19-20 Semowirulebebi da Semomwirvelebi saparlamento arCevnebisaTvis.
29
cxrili #20. Semowirulebebis odenoba SemomwirvelTa mixedviT 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebisTvis politikuri
fizikuri
m. S. partiis
iuridiuli
gaerTianeba
pirebi
wevrebi82
pirebi
gaerTianebuli opozicia
481 790.00
302 040.00
_
_
481 790.00
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
157 405.00
ar aris xelmisawvdomi88
2 287 427.00
9 496 965.68
11 941 797.68
43 013.00
11 000.00
14 650.00
46 784.45
104 447.45
respublikuri partia
329 998.44
136 804.36
301 760.00
50 626.31
682 384.75
qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba
241 569.40
180 234.40
_
_
241 569.40
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
*
partia
jami
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
saparlamento arCevnebisTvis `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~ wina, saprezidento arCevnebTan SedarebiT naklebi Semomwirveli hyavda. opoziciis mier miRebuli Semowirulebebis saerTo odenoba saprezidento arCevnebTan SedarebiT gaizarda, Tumca, miuxedavad amisa, mmarTveli partiis saarCevno kampaniis fondi saparlamento arCevnebisTvis 17-jer aRemateboda meore, yvelaze meti Semowirulebis mimRebi partiis (saqarTvelos respublikuri partia) saarCevno kampaniis fonds. mmarTvelma partiam sakuTari saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSze daaxloebiT 4-jer meti Tanxa gadaricxa, vidre misma yvela danarCenma Semomwirvelma erTad. 2008 wels partias hyavda 454 Semomwirveli iuridiuli piri,89 romlebmac mas daaxloebiT 12 milioni lari Seswires. maTgan 230-ma daaxloebiT 6 milioni lari mmarTvel partias 2008 wlis martidan ivnisamde (im periodSi, rodesac saarCevno kampaniis fondic gaxsnili iyo) Seswira. imave periodSi gadaricxa partiis saarCevno kampaniis fondSi 558Â 000 lari 40-ma fizikurma pirmac. 2008 wels mmarTvel partias 52 Semomwirveli fizikuri piri hyavda. arCevnebis dasrulebis Semdeg, saarCevno kampaniis fondebis daxurvamde ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebis saerTo odenoba 107 757 laria.90 am arCevnebis Semdeg miRebuli Semowirulebebi procentulad Seadgenda: `gaerTianebuli opoziciis~ SemTxvevaSi _ 5%-s, `saqarTvelos respublikuri partiisa~ _ 11%-s xolo politikuri gaerTianebisa `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ _ 28%-s. sxva saarCevno subieqtebs aseTi Semowirulebebi ar miuRiaT. amgvari Semowirulebebi ZiriTadad partiis wevrebma an Tavad partiebma ganaxorcieles. arafuladi Semowirulebebi91 sul samma politikurma gaerTianebam miiRo. `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~ 2 fizikuri pirisgan 10 255 lari da Tavisive angariSidan 1,5 milioni lari aqvs miRebuli. arc erT SemTxvevaSi araa dakonkretebuli, ra momsaxureba an saqoneli miiRo subieqtma. politikur gaerTianebas `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ aseve partiisgan aqvs miRebuli 11 784 lari arafuladi Semowirulebis, kerZod, saofise farTobis qiravnobisa da auditoris momsaxurebis Rirebulebis, saxiT. saqarTvelos respublikurma partiam ki 10 fizikuri pirisgan miiRo arafuladi Semowirulebebi, Tumca ar aqvs dakonkretebuli, ra saxis, xolo 3 iuridiuli pirisgan (maT Soris, Tavad partiisgan) miRebuli Semowirulebebis nawilze miTiTebulia: komunaluri, sakomunikacio da sainformacio xarjebi, ofisebis qira da Sromis anazRaureba. saqarTvelos respublikur partias arafuladi Semowirulebis saxiT fizikuri pirebisgan 56 264 lari, xolo iuridiuli pirebisgan _ 42 386 lari aqvs miRebuli. 87 88 89
90 91
30
ix. sqolio 62. ix. sqolio 66. detaluri informaciisTvis ixileT veb-gverdze: `erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba (wliuri dafinanseba 2008 w. – iuridiuli pirebis Semowirulebebi)~. damatebiTi informaciisTvis ixileT danarTis cxrilebi ##2_3 arCevnebis Semdgomi periodis Semowirulebebi da SemomwirvelTa raodenoba. damatebiTi informaciisTvis ixileT danarTis cxrilebi ##4_5 fuladi da arafuladi tipis Semowirulebebi da SemomwirvelTa raodenoba.
saarCevno kampaniis fondebis xarjebi wina, saprezidento arCevnebis msgavsad, saparlamento arCevnebis dros Tanxebis umravlesoba reklamisTvis daixarja.92 opoziciuri partiebis didma nawilma es Tanxebi beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadebisTvis gamoiyena, xolo mmarTvelma partiam _ satelevizio reklamisTvis. diagramebi #8-12 grafikulad warmoadgens saarCevno kampaniis fondebis xarjebs. Zalian mcire Tanxebia miTiTebuli `Sromis anazRaurebis~ grafebSi. detaluri xarjTaRricxvis analiziT Cans, rom daqiravebul Sromas partiebi mivlinebis saxiT aformebdnen. savaraudod, es gamowveulia sagadasaxado regulaciiT, kerZod, imiT, rom Sromis anazRaureba 20%-iani sagadasaxado ganakveTiT ibegreba, mivlineba ki saqarTvelos finansTa ministris mier dadgenil farglebSi (dRiuri 15 lari saqarTvelos farglebSi)93 ar daibegreba. saparlamento arCevnebis saarCevno kampaniis fondebis angariSebSi `sxva xarjebi~ saprezidento arCevnebTan SedarebiT ufro didi odenobiTaa. aseTi xarjebi `gaerTianebuli opoziciisTvis~ mTliani xarjebis 41%-ia, `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobisTvis~ _ 9%, politikuri gaerTianebisTvis `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ _ 1%, saqarTvelos respublikuri partiisTvis _ 72% da `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobisTvis~ _ 66%. diagrama #8. `gaerTianebuli opoziciis~ mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
0,1%
12% 3%
41%
19%
0,1%
92 93
25%
damqiraveblidan anaricxebi
sareklamo rgolebi
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba
socialuri gamokiTxva, konsultaciebi
sxva xarjebi
masobrivi RonisZiebebi
ixileT danarTis cxrilebi ##6-7 da diagrama #21 saparlamento arCevnebis saarCevno kampaniis xarjebis Sesaxeb. ix. `daqiravebulisaTvis gadaxdili samivlinebo xarjebis normebis gansazRvris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos finansTa ministris 2005 wlis 5 aprilis #220 brZanebis 1-li muxlis `a~ qvepunqti.
31
diagrama #9. `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
9%
9%
3%
0.03%
4% 3% 5%
67%
Sromis anazRaureba
sareklamo rgolebi
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi
masobrivi RonisZiebebi
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba
socialuri gamokiTxva, konsultaciebi
sxva xarjebi
kapitaluri xarjebi
diagrama #10. politikuri gaerTianebis `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
3%
1%
1% 1% 0.4% 13%
29%
1% 50%
Sromis anazRaureba
damqiraveblidan anaricxebi
sareklamo rgolebi
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi
masobrivi RonisZiebebi
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba
socialuri gamokiTxva, konsultaciebi
sxva xarjebi
kapitaluri xarjebi
32
diagrama #11. `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis~ mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
1%
11% 4% 2%
16% 66%
sareklamo rgolebi
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi
masobrivi RonisZiebebi
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba
sxva xarjebi
kapitaluri xarjebi
diagrama #12. respublikuri partiis mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
28%
72%
Sromis anazRaureba
sxva xarjebi
33
2010 wlis 30 maisis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebi 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi monawileobdnen Semdegi saarCevno subieqtebi: 1. bloki `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ (i. alasania, s. subari, d. usufaSvili, d. gamyreliZe, s. zurabiSvili)94; 2. `erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~; 3. bloki `erovnuli sabWo~95; 4. `Tavisufleba~; 5. `TorTlaZe _ demokratiuli partia~; 6. `TofaZe _ mrewvelebi~96; 7. `momavali saqarTvelo~; 8. `sruliad saqarTvelos radikal-demokratTa nacionaluri partia~; 9. `ivaniSvili _ saxalxo demokratebi~; 10. `solidaroba~; 11. `saqarTvelos sportsmenTa kavSiri~; 12. `sruliad saqarTvelos saxalxo aliansi~ (sssa); 13.bloki `giorgi TargamaZe, inga grigolia _ qristian-demokratiuli gaerTianeba~97; 14.`Cveni qveyana~. arCevnebis Sedegad TbilisSi mandatebi moipoves: 1. 2. 3. 4.
blokma `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~; `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~; `TofaZe _ mrewvelebma~; blokma `giorgi TargamaZe, inga grigolia _ qristian-demokratiuli gaerTianeba~. saarCevno kampaniis fondebis Semosavlebi
2008 wlis orive arCevnebisgan gansxvavebiT, 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebisTvis iuridiul pirTagan Semowirulebebi saarCevno kampaniis fondSi, opoziciuri partiebis msgavsad, mmarTvel partiasac naklebad aqvs miRebuli. fizikur pirTagan opoziciurma partiebma mmarTvel partiaze gacilebiT meti Semowiruleba miiRes. Semomwirvel fizikur pirebs Soris partiis wevri wina orive arCevnebTan SedarebiT naklebia. iuridiulma pirebma saerTod ar daafinanses `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ da `erovnuli sabWo~. ixileT cxrilebi ##21-22.98
94
95 96
97
98
34
blokSi Sediodnen: saqarTvelos respublikuri partia, axali memarjveneebi (axlebi), Cveni saqarTvelo _ Tavisufali demokratebi, saqarTvelos gza. blokSi Sediodnen: saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia, xalxis partia, moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis. 2010 wlis arCevnebze `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ `TofaZe _ mrewvelebis~ saxeliT gamodioda. kvlevis sxva nawilebSi moxseniebulia `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~. blokSi Sediodnen: qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba, Cven TviTon, qristian-demokratiuli saxalxo partia. finansur angariSs warmarTavda `qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba~, amitom teqstSi moxseniebulia `qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba~. meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT danarTis diagramebi ##22-23 SemomwirvelTa raodenoba da SemowirulebaTa moculoba adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze.
cxrili #21. SemomwirvelTa raodenoba 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebisTvis politikuri gaerTianeba
fizikuri pirebi
m. S. partiis wevrebi99
iuridiuli pirebi
partia
jami
70
8
0
3
73
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
2
ar mogvawoda informacia100
9 101
1
12
erovnuli sabWo
3
1
0
1
4
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
5
0
9 102
1
15
16
0
4103
0
20
aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba *
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
fizikur pirTagan miRebuli Semowirulebebis Tanxa sakmaod mcirea. iuridiul pirTagan mmarTvel partias politikur gaerTianebaze `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ naklebi Tanxa aqvs miRebuli, Tumca Tavad partiis mier gamoyofili saarCevno dafinansebis mxriv, wina ori arCevnebis mgavsad, `erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~ liderobs. mmarTvelma partiam sakuTar saarCevno kampaniis fonds 13,5 milioni lari Seswira – mTliani Semowirulebebis 96%. ixileT cxrili #22. cxrili #22. Semowirulebebis odenoba 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebisTvis politikuri gaerTianeba
fizikuri pirebi
m. S. partiis wevrebi99
iuridiuli pirebi
partia
jami
116 445.39
17 937.00
_
13 000.00
147 382.39
523.00
ar mogvawoda informacia 104
600 000.00
13 512 888.80
14 113 411.80
58 895.00
22 528.50
_
94 985.00
176 408.50
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
101 177.00
_
849 930.00
7 000.00
958 107.00
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba
246 631.00
_
400 000.00
_
646 631.00
aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba erovnuli sabWo
*
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi
99
ix. sqolio 62. ix. sqolio 66. 9 iuridiuli piridan 5 (romelTac jamSi kandidats Seswires 310 000 lari) 2010 wlis mdgomareobiT iTvleba msxvil gadamxdelad (ganmartebisaTvis ix. sqolio 67). 9 iuridiuli piridan 4 (romelTac jamSi kandidats Seswires 400Â 000 lari) 2010 wlis mdgomareobiT iTvleba msxvil gadamxdelad (ganmartebisaTvis ix. sqolio 67). 4 iuridiuli piridan 2 (romelTac jamSi kandidats Seswires 200 000 lari) 2010 wlis mdgomareobiT iTvleba msxvil gadamxdelad (ganmartebisaTvis ix. sqolio 67). ix. sqolio 66.
100 101
102
103
104
35
yovelwliuri finansuri angariSebis mixedviT, 2009 wels `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ garda, Semowirulebebi miiRes mxolod `konservatiulma partiam~ (17 345 lari) da `qristian-demokratiulma moZraobam~ (38 778 lari). amitom, cxadia, partiaTa mier 2010 wlis arCevnebis saarCevno kampaniis fondebSi gadaricxuli Tanxebi an 2009 wels saxelmwifo biujetidan miRebuli dafinansebis naSTia, an 2010 wels miRebuli dafinanseba (2010 wels biujetidan miRebuli Tanxebi an/da fizikur da iuridiul pirTa Semowirulebebi). blokis `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ wevrma partiebma ganacxades, rom es Tanxa yovelwliuri dafinansebis nawili iyo, maT Soris, ssip _ `saarCevno sistemebis ganviTarebis, reformebisa da swavlebis centrisgan~ miRebuli Tanxa.105 `erovnuli sabWos~ SemTxvevaSi SemowirulebaTa umetesi nawili politikur gaerTianebaze `moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis~ modioda. partiis gancxadebiT, es Tanxa ZiriTadad partiis wevrebma Seswires Tavad politikur gaerTianebas da igi blokis saarCevno kampaniis fonds gadaeca.106 politikuri gaerTianebis `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ warmomadgenlebmac daadastures, rom Tanxa partiis wevrebis Semowiruli iyo.107 `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ es informacia partiaTa warmomadgenlebTan gasaubrebis gziT miiRo. amis Semdeg man partiebs saTanado dokumentaciis wardgenac sTxova. kerZod, `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ ainteresebda, ra warmomavlobis iyo partiaTa saarCevno kampaniis fondebSi gadaricxuli Tanxebi, konkretulad ra odenobis Semowirulebebi miiRes maT 2010 wlis ganmavlobaSi da Semomwirvel fizikur pirTagan ramdeni iyo partiis wevri. am informaciis mowodebaze uari mxolod `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~ ganacxada, im motiviT, rom kanonmdebloba mas ar avaldebulebda, aseTi informacia 2011 wlis Tebervlamde gaexada sajaro. partiis werilSi ewera: `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis 48-e muxlis me-6 nawiliT dadgenili wesiT, politikuri gaerTianebis saarCevno kampaniis fondi centraluri saarCevno komisiis mier gankargulebiT dadgenili formis Sesabamisad ceskos warudgens arCevnebisaTvis gamoyenebuli saxsrebis angariSs, saarCevno kampaniis fondSi Caricxuli fuladi saxsrebis miTiTebiT~.108 Sesabamisad, es informacia mxolod 2011 wlis Tebervlis dasawyisidan109 gaxda cnobili.110 arCevnebis Semdeg Semowirulebebi miiRo yvela saarCevno subieqtma, garda politikuri gaerTianebisa `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~. aseTi Semowirulebebi Seadgenda dafinansebis 18%-s blokisTvis `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ (misi TiTqmis naxevari partiis wevrebma Seswires), 4%-s _ `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobisTvis~, 0.3%-s _ `erovnuli sabWosTvis~ (is mTlianad partiis wevrebma Seswires) da 10%-s _ `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobisTvis~.111 2010 wels politikuri gaerTianebebis angariSebze ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebi politikuri gaerTianebebis 2010 wlis angariSebi 2011 wlis TebervalSi gamoqveynda. angariSebis analizma cxadyo, rom 2010 wels fizikuri pirebisgan Semowirulebebi `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~, saqarTvelos respublikurma partiam, saqarTvelos konservatiulma partiam da `qristian-demokratiulma moZraobam~ miiRes. maTgan yvelaze naklebi Semowiruleba _ 7 000 lari _ konservatiul partias hqonda. partiis angariSSi Semomwirvelebis Sesaxeb informacia miTiTebuli ar aris. respublikurma partiam 30 400 lari miiRo. Semomwirvelebi mxolod fizikuri pirebi iyvnen. TiToeuli fizikuri pirisgan miRebuli Tanxis odenoba 4 000 lars ar aRemateboda. iuridiuli pirebisgan Semowirulebebi 2010 wels mxolod `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ da `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis~ angariSebze ganxorcielda. am ukanasknels Tanxa (40 000 lari) mxolod erTma iuridiulma pirma _ Sps `Sirnhoferma~ _ Seswira. 105
106 107 108 109 110
111
36
avtoris interviuebi respublikuri partiis finansur menejerTan, gigla agulaSvilTan, da blokis `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ generalur mdivanTan, zurab abaSiZesTan. avtoris interviu `erovnuli sabWos~ warmomadgenlebTan. avtoris interviu politikuri gaerTianebis `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ warmomadgenlebTan. `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobisagan~ 2010 wlis 17 ivniss miRebuli #02/1913 werili. `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 32-e_33-e muxlebi. 2010 wels politikuri gaerTianebebis SemomwirvelTa Sesaxeb informacia ixileT qveTavSi: 2010 wels politikuri gaerTianebebis angariSebze ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebi~. detaluri informaciisTvis ixileT danarTis cxrilebi ##8-9 arCevnebis Semdgomi periodis Semowirulebebi da SemomwirvelTa raodenoba. http://www.maestro.ge/?address=kviris5&id=3032&page=2
`saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ ramdenime fizikuri piri gadaamowma. organizaciam is pirebi SearCia, romlebsac 20-dan 30 aTasamde lari hqondaT partiebisTvis Sewiruli. 12 gadamowmebuli misamarTidan xuTze uSualod Semomwirveli saxlSi ar imyofeboda, ojaxis wevrebma ki Semowirulebebze araferi icodnen. ramdenime maTganis gancxadebiT, ojaxs imdeni Semosavali ar hqonda, rom romelime partiisTvis fuli gadaericxa. oTx misamarTze saxlSi aravin imyofeboda. or SemTxvevaSi Semomwirvelebi miTiTebul misamarTebze registrirebuli ar iyvnen. maTi vinaoba verc mezoblebma daadastures. amrigad, mmarTveli partiisTvis Tanxis gadaricxva gadamowmebuli Semomwirveli fizikuri pirebidan mxolod erTma daadastura. ramdenime fizikuri piris Sesaxeb informacia Jurnalistebmac gadaamowmes.112 gadamowmebulTagan orma
partiisTvis Tanxis gadaricxvis faqti uaryo; erTma aRniSna, rom Semowiruleba sxvisi TxovniT ganaxorciela; erT-erTis meuRlem ki ganacxada, rom misma meuRlem sxvisi Tanxa gadaricxa sxvisive TxovniT. ixileT cxrili #23. cxrili #23. gadamowmebuli Semomwirveli fizikuri pirebi #
112
saxeli da gvari
misamarTi
Sewirulobis mimRebi partia
Tanxis odenoba (lari)
SeniSvna
1
roman qoqolaZe
Tbilisi, d. guramiSvilis q. #15a, b. 7
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
30 000.00
r. qoqolaZe aRniSnul misamarTze ar cxovrobs, Tumca es bina misi sakuTrebaa.
2
lela simsive
Tbilisi, guramiSvilis q. #15a, b. 12
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
30 000.00
misamarTze aravin imyofeboda.
3
Tengiz gamyreliZe
Tbilisi, v. beriZis q. #3/3
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
30 000.00
T. gamyreliZe saxlSi ar imyofeboda. misma meuRlem ganacxada, rom Tanxis gadaricxvaze araferi smenia.
4
zurab abramia
Tbilisi, baTumis q. #5, b. 36
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
30 000.00
misamarTze aravin imyofeboda. mezoblebma daadastures, rom z. abramia am misamarTze cxovrobs.
5
vaxtang arsenaZe
Tbilisi, sanzona, korp. #25, b. 85
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
30 000.00
misamarTze aravin imyofeboda.
6
zurab mazmiSvili
Tbilisi, gldanis xevi, korp. #10, b. 74
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
30 000.00
z. mazmiSvili aRniSnul misamarTze ar cxovrobs. es bina misi arc faqtobrivi sacxovrebelia da arc sakuTreba. mobinadreebis informaciiT, mazmiSvils am misamarTze arc manamde ucxovria.
studia GNS da nana leJava, `kviris reportaJi~ (06/03/11): http://www.maestro.ge/?address=kviris5&id=3032&page=2
37
#
38
saxeli da gvari
misamarTi
Sewirulobis mimRebi partia
Tanxis odenoba (lari)
SeniSvna
7
paata nozaZe
Tbilisi, buaCiZis q. #18, b. 9
`erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
10 000.00
p. nozaZe saxlSi ar imyofeboda. misma meuRlem ganacxada, rom Semowirulebaze araferi icoda, Tumca ar gamoricxa imis SesaZlebloba, rom mis meuRles Tanxa samsaxurebrivi saqmianobis farglebSi gadaericxa.
8
aleqsandre qiSmareia
baTumi, abaSiZis q. #116
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
20 000.00
a. qiSmareiam daadastura, rom Semowiruleba man ganaxorciela.
9
Tamar gejaZe
Tbilisi, gogaSenis q. #21
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
30 000.00
T. gejaZe aRar cxovrobs aRniSnul misamarTze (gaTxovda). misma dedam daadastura informacia partiis angariSze Tanxis gadaricxvis Sesaxeb, Tumca am Tanxis zusti odenoba ar icoda.
10 i. m. `oTar Samugia~
Tbilisi, e. da v. fifiebis q. (voroninis Ses.) #9
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
30 000.00
o. Samugias aRniSnul misamarTze ver mivageniT. mezobladac aravis araferi smenoda masze.
11 gia TargamaZe
Tbilisi, gldani, me-2 m/r, korp. #24, b. 55
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba
23 000.00
g. TargamaZe saxlSi ar imyofeboda. misi ojaxis wevrma daadastura, rom TargamaZe `qristiandemokratiuli moZraobis~ wevri iyo, Tumca Tanxis gadaricxvaze araferi icoda.
12 xaTuna sixaruliZe
Tbilisi, sanzona, korp. #1-3, b. 27
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba
17 300.00
x. sixaruliZe saxlSi ar imyofeboda. misma meuRlem Semowirulebaze araferi icoda. ojaxis Semosavlis gaTvaliswinebiT, man am odenobis Tanxis partiis angariSze gadaricxvis SesaZlebloba gamoricxa.
#
113 114 115 116 117 118
saxeli da gvari
misamarTi
Sewirulobis mimRebi partia
Tanxis odenoba (lari)
SeniSvna
13 giorgi WankvetaZe
Tbilisi, muxiani, 1-li m/r, korp. #4, b. 77
`erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
20 000.00
nana leJavas siuJetis mixedviT,113 g. WankvetaZem `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobisTvis~ Semowirulebis ganxorcieleba uaryo. is profesiiT mZRoli iyo da am odenobis Tanxis Sewirvis SesaZlebloba ar hqonda.
14 levan soziaSvili
Tbilisi, muxianis 1-li m/r, korp. #4, b. 7
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
20 000.00
nana leJavas siuJetis mixedviT114, l. soziaSvilma Tanxis `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ angariSze gadaricxva uaryo. misi meuRlis gancxadebiT, ojaxis wliuri biujeti 20 000 larsac ar Seadgens.
15 i. m. `leri gelaZe~
mcxeTa, sof. saguramo
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
5 000.00
nana leJavas siuJetis mixedviT,115 l. gelaZis meuRlem ganacxada, rom gelaZem sxvisi Tanxa sxvisive TxovniT Seswira `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~.
16 zviad moxeviSvili
mcxeTa, sof. misaqcieli
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
30 000.00
nana leJavas siuJetis mixedviT,116 z. moxeviSvilma daadastura Tanxis `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobisTvis~ gadaricxvis faqti.
17 dariko mxeiZe
quTaisi, nikeas q. #20, b. 33
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~
25 000.00
nana leJavas siuJetis mixedviT,117 d. mxeiZem, samSeneblo firma `komfortis~118 mTavarma buRalterma, mmarTveli partiis angariSze Tanxa amave kompaniis 100%-iani wilis mflobelis da direqtoris, besik bregaZis, TxovniT gadaricxa. es ukanaskneli quTaisis sakrebulos wevria `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobidan~.
iqve. iqve. iqve. iqve. iqve. iuridiuli piri `komforti~ TiTqmis yvela arCevnebze axorcielebda Semowirulebas mmarTveli partiisTvis. 2010 wels kompaniam `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~ 36 500 lari Seswira.
39
`erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ Semomwirveli 388 iuridiuli kompaniis Sesaxeb informaciis analiziT gairkva, rom daaxloebiT 60 SemTxvevaSi damfuZneblebi meordeboda. magaliTad, kompaniebma `aversi racionalma~ da `aversi farmam~ mmarTvel partias mTlianobaSi 200 000 lari Seswires. maT saerTo damfuZneblebi hyavT _ paata da nikoloz kurtaniZeebi. kompaniebma _ `Tegeta Traq end basma~, `Tegeta konstraqSen eqvifmenTma~, `Tegeta lojistikma~, `Tegeta motorsma~ da `Tegeta motors quTaisma~ _ `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~ jamSi 500 000 lari Seswires. maTgan samis damfuZnebeli erTi da igive piria _ Temur koxoZe. is danarCeni ori kompaniis damfuZnebelTa Sorisac figurirebs. analogiuri situaciaa `kompania jaokenis~ da `jaokeni motorsis~ SemTxvevaSi. orive kompania jemal jaoSvilis, Tamaz kenWaZis da ioseb jaoSvilis mieraa dafuZnebuli. maT mmarTveli partiis angariSze saerTo jamSi 200 000 lari gadaricxes. kanonis Tanaxmad, erT iuridiul pirs 100 000 larze meti Semowirulebis ganxorcieleba ekrZaleba, Tumca kanoni ar aregulirebs im SemTxvevas, roca ramdenime iuridiul pirs erTi da igive mflobeli hyavs da is 100 000-larian zRvars sxvadasxva iuridiuli piris gamoyenebiT, kanonis darRvevis gareSe aWarbebs. arafuladi Semowirulebebi wina ori arCevnebis msgavsad, arafuladi Semowirulebebi 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebisTvisac ganxorcielda. politikuri gaerTianebisTvis `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ da `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobisTvis~ ramdenime iuridiulma pirma Seisyida sareklamo dro sxvadasxva telekompaniaSi.119 blokisTvis `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ fizikur pirTa mier ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebis TiTqmis meoTxedi arafuladi iyo (baneris beWdva, saofise farTobis qiravnoba, flaeris beWdva, maisuris beWdva, sareklamo masalis gamoqveyneba, vebgverdis damzadeba da sxv.). sxva opoziciuri partiebisTvis arafuladi Semowiruleba an Zalian cota ganxorcielda, an saerTod ar yofila.120 saarCevno kampaniis fondebis xarjebi ramdenime saarCevno subieqtma Tanxebis didi nawili reklamisTvis daxarja, kerZod, blokma `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ _ 28%, `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~ _ 72%, xolo `qristian-demokratiulma moZraobam~ _ 61%. `erovnulma sabWom~ reklamisTvis mTliani Semosavlis mxolod 3% gamoiyena. politikur gaerTianebas `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ ki reklamisTvis saarCevno kampaniis fondidan Tanxa ar gamouyvia, Tumca arafuladi Semowirulebis saxiT man 400 000 laris Rirebulebis sareklamo dro miiRo _ mTliani xarjebis 192%.121 opoziciuri partiebis didma nawilma beWduri reklamisa da saagitacio masalisTvis ufro meti Tanxa gamoiyena, vidre satelevizio reklamisTvis. kerZod, beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadebisTvis blokma `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ 58%, xolo `erovnulma sabWom~ _ 57% daxarja. wina ori arCevnebis msgavsad, am arCevnebzedac Zalian mcire Tanxa daixarja Sromis anazRaurebisTvis, Tumca arc mivlinebebisTvis daxarjula didi odenobis Tanxa. sxvadasxvagvaria saarCevno subieqtebis `sxva xarjebis~ proporcia. aseTi xarjebi blokisTvis `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ mTliani xarjebis 1%-ia, `nacionaluri moZraobisTvis~ _ 8%, `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobisTvis~ _ 10%, `erovnuli sabWosTvis~ _ 40% da politikuri gaerTianebisTvis `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ _ 69%.122 119
120 121
122
40
detaluri informaciisTvis ixileT informacia vebgverdze: `qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba (2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebi iuridiuli pirebis Semowirulebebi)~ da `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos (2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebi iuridiuli pirebis Semowirulebebi)~. meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT danarTis cxrilebi ##10-11 fuladi da arafuladi tipis Semowirulebebi da SemomwirvelTa raodnoba. politikuri gaerTianebis `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ mTliani xarji 208 aTasi lari iyo. radgan sareklamo xarjebi mas Tavad ar gauwevia, isini ar aris Setanili xarjebSi. Tu reklamis safasuri (400 000 lari) xarjebSi gaerTiandeba, is mTliani xarjis 66% iqneba. politikur gaerTianebas `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSSi xarvezi hqonda. kerZod, `sxva saqoneli da momsaxureba~, romelic ramdenime tipis xarjs moicavs, calke iyo aRricxuli. Tumca verc auditma da verc finansuri monitoringis jgufma es ver SeniSna. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ saTanado Tanxa `sxva xarjebSi~ moaTavsa, ramdenadac SeuZlebeli iyo misi romelime sxva tipis xarjisTvis mikuTvneba.
Tumca yvelaze meti odenobis `sxva xarjebi~ `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~ gaswia _ 1 milion larze meti; danarCen SemTxvevebSi Tanxa 150 aTas lars ar aRemateboda. kerZod, blokisTvis `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ es iyo 2 020 lari, `erovnuli sabWosTvis~ _ 103 417 lari, politikuri gaerTianebisTvis `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ _ 143 330 lari da `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobisTvis~ _ 70 187 lari. saerTo jamSi, procentulad partiebma xarjebi Semdegnairad gadaanawiles:
diagrama #13. blokis `aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
9%
1%
28%
4% 0.6%
sareklamo rgolebi reklama presaSi da bilbordebi masobrivi RonisZiebebi beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba socialuri gamokiTxva
58%
sxva xarjebi
diagrama #14. erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
4%
3%
8%
4%
0.02%
5%
Sromis anazRaureba mivlineba
4%
sareklamo rgolebi reklama presaSi da bilbordebi masobrivi RonisZiebebi
72%
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba socialuri gamokiTxva sxva xarjebi
41
diagrama #15. erovnuli sabWos mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
3%
40% 57%
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba
sareklamo rgolebi
sxva xarjebi
diagrama #16. mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
3% 2% 2% 3%
21% 69%
Sromis anazRaureba
mivlineba
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi
masobrivi RonisZiebebi
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba
sxva xarjebi
42
diagrama #17. blokis qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis mier xarjebis procentuli gadanawileba
10% 11% 3% sareklamo rgolebi reklama presaSi da bilbordebi masobrivi RonisZiebebi
15%
61%
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba sxva xarjebi
Semomwirvel iuridiul pirTa monawileoba saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelo~ Seecada gaeanalizebina, ramdenad arsebobda kavSiri bizneskompaniebis mier saarCevnod politikuri partiebis dafinansebasa da saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi maT gamarjvebas Soris. amisTvis saWiro iyo informaciis mopoveba yvela im iuridiul pirze, romlebmac 2007-2010 wlebSi politikur partiebs Tanxebi gadauricxes da, imavdroulad, saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi monawileobis gziT miiRes saxelmwifo dafinanseba. saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi gamarjvebuli kompaniebis Sesaxeb informaciis misaRebad organizaciam saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos mimarTa, Tumca saagentos es informacia sistematizebuli saxiT, erTian monacemTa bazaSi ar hqonda123, dedanSi informaciis analizi ki Zalian did dros da adamianur resurss moiTxovda. amitom `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ 27 yvelaze msxvil saxelmwifo Semsyidvel organizacias pirdapir mimarTa124 da 2007_2010 wlebSi ganxorcielebul saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi gamarjvebul iuridiul pirTa siebi sTxova. informaciis miReba mxolod 19 Semsyidveli organizaciidan moxerxda125. maTgan zogma mxolod fasTa kotirebisa da tenderebis (da ara erT pirTan molaparakebis) gziT gamarjvebuli kompaniebis Sesaxeb mogvawoda informacia; danarCenma rva uwyebam Txovna reagirebis gareSe datova126. cxrameti Semsyidveli organizaciis mier mowodebuli dokumentebi aTasobiT gamarjvebuli iuridiuli piris Sesaxeb Seicavda informacias. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ mxolod iseT 123
124
125
126
es informacia saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos ramdenime oTaxSi ganTavsebul aTasobiT yuTSi iyo Tavmoyrili arasistematizebuli saxiT. saqarTveloSi 3500-dan 4000-mde saxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganmaxorcielebeli organizaciaa. eseni arian: saministroebi, maTi saqveuwyebo dawesebulebebi, Teatrebi, universitetebi, sajaro skolebi, skolamdeli dawesebulebebi da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebi. es organizaciebi arian: qalaq rusTavis meria; qalaq foTis meria; saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministris aparati reintegraciis sakiTxebSi; diasporis sakiTxebSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministris aparati; evropul da evroatlantikur struqturebSi integraciis sakiTxebSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministris aparati; saqarTvelos erovnuli banki; saqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis, probaciisa da iuridiuli daxmarebis sakiTxTa saministro; sagareo saqmeTa saministro; Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro; finansTa saministro; garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro; energetikis saministro; ekonomikisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis saministro; kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis saministro; saqarTvelos kontrolis palata; saqarTvelos prezidentis administracia; aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis mTavroba; afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis mTavroba. es uwyebebi arian: saqarTvelos ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis saministro; Sinagan saqmeTa saministro; iusticiis saministro; Tavdacvis saministro; soflis meurneobis saministro; qalaq quTaisis meria; qalaq Tbilisis meria; qalaq baTumis meria.
43
SemomwirvelTa Sesaxeb informacia daamuSava, romelTac saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis gziT 50 000 lari an meti miiRes da imave periodSi romelime politikuri gaerTianebis angariSze gadaricxes Tanxa. aseTi 45 kompania gamovlinda. erTis garda, yvela iuridiulma pirma mmarTveli partiisTvis ganaxorciela Semowiruleba. es gamonaklisi ss `transmSeni~ iyo. 2008 wels man `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~ 175 000 lari _ dawesebul wliur maqsimumze meti _ Seswira,127 2010 wels ki 50 000 laris Semowiruleba politikuri gaerTianebis `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ saarCevno kampaniis fondSi ganaxorciela.128 ixileT cxrili #24.129 cxrili #24. iuridiuli pirebi, romlebmac 2007_2010 wlebSi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis gziT miiRes Semosavlebi da, imavdroulad, saarCevno Semowirulebebi ganaxorcieles
# forma
127 128
129
130
44
saxelwodeba
iuridiuli misamarTi
1
Sps
aversi farma
Tbilisi, daviT aRmaSeneblis gamziri #148
2
Sps
algoriTmi
Tbilisi, nucubiZis 1-li m/r, korp. #3, b. 27
3
Sps
aliansi
Tbilisi, qavTaraZis q. #25, korp. #1, b. 81
2007_2010 wlebSi Semowiruli Tanxis odenoba (lari)
2007_2010 wlebSi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebidan miRebuli Tanxis saerTo odenoba130
200 000.00
823 997.46
50 000.00
220 271.76
4
Sps
alta
Tbilisi, saburTalos q. #35
65 000.00
356 696.88
5
Sps
arsi
Tbilisi, abulaZis q. #21
50 000.00
237 278.95
6
Sps
axali mTvare
Tbilisi, wereTlis gamziri #126
130 000.00
899 292.81
7
Sps
baz-plastiki
baTumi, gudiaSvilis q. #28
25 000.00
199 100.00
8
Sps
jeografiki
Tbilisi, gamsaxurdias gamziri #27
30 000.00
194 651.47
9
Sps
jeokolori
sagarejos r-ni, sof. patarZeuli
15 000.00
1 309 990.27
10 Sps
gzamSeni-4
Tbilisi, rusTavis gzatkecili #247
70 000.00
2 482 463.49
11 ss
gzis mSenebeli 11 samgoris r-ni, sadguri `lilo~
70 000.00
3 283 588.89
12 ss
global erTi
Tbilisi, kedias q. #4
40 000.00
868 539.72
13 Sps
daviTi
Tbilisi, asaTianis q. #40
10 000.00
450 805.70
14 Sps
esabi
Tbilisi, SavTelis q. #5\7
20 000.00
2 334 091.13
15 Sps
vanti
gardabnis gzatkecili #42
20 000.00
624 797.00
16 Sps
veli
baTumi, yazbegis q. #15
40 000.00
222 044.00
17 Sps
Tbili saxli
Tbilisi, kostavas q. #75
100 000.00
800 446.73
18 ss
Tbilisis monoliTmSeni
Tbilisi, wereTlis gamziri #57
10 000.00
360 860.88
70 000.00
384 249.00
5 000.00
9 750 751.59
19 Sps
Tegeta motorsi
Tbilisi, diRmis masivi, me-6 kv., korp. #22b
20 Sps
iu-ji-Ti
Tbilisi, WavWavaZis gamziri #26
21 Sps
mSenservisi
Tbilisi, foTis q. #45
30 000.00
472 776.00
22 Sps
niuenerji
Tbilisi, WavWavaZis gamziri #74
30 000.00
3 182 000.00
meti informaciisTvis ixileT sqolio 49. ss `transmSeni~ aris samSeneblo kompania, romelic amJamad sarfis sabaJos, ramdenime regionul skolas da foTis sarkinigzo xazs aSenebs. bolo periodSi man ganaxorciela Semdegi proeqtebi: Tbilisis aeroportis rkinigzis sadguri, Tbilisis centraluri rkinigzis sadguri, Tbilisis lokomotivis stadioni, borjomis rkinigzis sadguri, urekis rkinigzis sadguri da sxv. wlebis mixedviT gaSlili, detaluri cxrili ixileT vebgverdze: `Semomwirveli iuridiuli pirebi, romlebmac gaimarjves saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi~. ramdenime SemTxvevaSi Sesyidvebidan miRebuli Tanxis saerTo odenoba moicavda aSS dolarSi miRebul Tanxebsac. Sesabamisad, es Tanxebi larSi gadayvanilia wliuri saSualo kursis mixedviT (2008 weli: 1 aSS dolari _ 1.49 lari, 2009 weli: 1 aSS dolari _ 1.67 lari, 2010 weli 1 aSS dolari _ 1.79 lari).
# forma
saxelwodeba
iuridiuli misamarTi
2007_2010 wlebSi Semowiruli Tanxis odenoba (lari)
2007_2010 wlebSi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebidan miRebuli Tanxis saerTo odenoba
23 Sps
nova
Tbilisi, diRmis masivi, me-2 kv., korp. #9a
70 000.00
1 328 642.00
24 Sps
ornamenti
Tbilisi, fifiebis q. #12
40 000.00
387 224.61
25 ss
populi
Tbilisi, b. xmelnckis #48, korp. #5
100 000.00
99 000.00
26 Sps
psp-farma
dmanisis r-ni, curtavelis q. #54
200 000.00
141 044.49
27 ss
sadazRvevo kompania `aldagi bisiai~
Tbilisi, WavWavaZis gamziri #62
75 000.00
122 789.37
28 Sps
samSeneblo
Tbilisi, aglaZis q. #26
40 000.00
857 702.00
29 Sps
tresti #2 sarke konsaltingi Tbilisi, kostavas q. #54
114 837.00
745 906.83
30 ss
saqenergo-remonti lanCxuTis r-ni, sof. SuxuTi
35 000.00
3 980 291.00
31 ss
saxalxo banki
Tbilisi, WavWavaZis gamziri #74
37 000.00
510 665.00
32 Sps
serviskomi
Tbilisi, gamsaxurdias gamziri #24
100 000.00
82 839.00
33 Sps
ssg iberie
Tbilisi, pasteris q. #1a
35 000.00
95 437.14
34 Sps
t.t.
Tbilisi, qinZmaraulis q. #13a
15 000.00
1 232 643.76
35 Sps
toiota centri Tbilisi
Tbilisi, daviT aRmaSeneblis xeivani, me-20 km
100 000.00
2 515 426.26
36 ss
transmSeni131
Tbilisi, doliZis q. #2
225 000.00
60 081.55
Tbilisi, erisTavis q. #2
37 ss
universali
38 ss
universal-servisi Tbilisi, aglaZis q. #37
10 000.00
426 496.00
8 000.00
203 000.00
39 Sps
feri
Tbilisi, CaCavas q. #8
40 000.00
847 815.00
40 Sps 41 Sps
jeoseli
Tbilisi, goTuas q.#3
100 000.00
1 459 656.43
jesko jgufi
Tbilisi, WavWavaZis gamziri #50
10 000.00
666 170.37
42 ss
ji da ji
Tbilisi, krilovis q. #10
30 000.00
138 748.00
43 Sps
jiTigrup
Tbilisi, ColoyaSvilis q. #48
30 000.00
402 690.00
44 Sps
jipisi
Tbilisi, marjaniSvilis q. #26
175 000.00
61 847.65
45 ss
hiundai avto
Tbilisi, griboedovis q. #13 saqarTvelo
10 000.00
1 336 857.00
daskvna saerTo jamSi, 2008 da 2010 wlebis saarCevno kampaniebis dafinansebis kuTxiT aseTi suraTi ikveTeba: mmarTveli partiis dafinanseba minimum 7-jer132 da maqsimum 26-jer aRemateba erTad aRebuli yvela sxva saarCevno subieqtis dafinansebas; mmarTveli partia Tanxebis udides nawils satelevizio reklamisTvis xarjavs, xolo opoziciuri partiebi _ beWduri reklamisTvis, partiis wevrebis/aqtivistebis Sromis anazRaurebisa da mivlinebebisTvis; opoziciur partiebs iuridiuli pirebi iSviaTad an saerTod ar afinanseben, mmarTveli partiis damfinansebelTa umravlesoba ki iuridiuli piria;
131
132
2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze ss `transmSenma~ 50 000 lari Seswira politikur gaerTianebas `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~. yvela sxva SemTxvevaSi Semowirulebebi `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobisTvis~ ganxorcielda. mmarTveli partiis dafinanseba 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebze 25.8-jer meti iyo (kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli ufaso politikuri reklamis gamoklebiT, romelic partiebis maSindel angariSebSi asaxuli iyo), 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebze _ 7.9-jer meti, xolo 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze _ 7.3-jer meti.
45
partiebi TavianTi partiuli fondebidan ricxaven didi odenobis Tanxebs saarCevno kampaniebis fondebSi da imis gamo, rom partiuli fondebis Sesaxeb informacia sajaro mxolod momdevno wlis dasawyisSi xdeba, rTuldeba saarCevno kampaniis fondebis srulyofili gakontroleba saarCevno periodSi. zogadad, saqarTveloSi saarCevno kampaniis dafinansebis sakiTxi kanonmdeblobiT ufro kargad regulirdeba, vidre politikur gaerTianebaTa wliuri dafinansebis sakiTxi. kerZod, gansazRvrulia saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSis warsadgenad aucilebeli xarjTaRricxvis forma; aseve Seqmnilia finansuri angariSgebis monitoringze pasuxismgebeli organo, romelic ceskoSi wardgenili angariSebis revizias axorcielebs. miuxedavad amisa, arsebuli kanonmdebloba da praqtika araerT xarvezsa da naklovanebas Seicavs, kerZod: arCevnebis wina periodSi partiis mier saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSis wardgenis perioduloba (TveSi erTxel) arasakmarisia da amomrCevels arCevnis gakeTebamde ar aqvs srulyofili informacia partiis mier miRebul Semosavlebsa da gaweul xarjebze; kanonmdebloba saarCevno kampaniis fondSi politikuri gaerTianebisgan aralimitirebulad didi odenobis Semowirulebebis miRebis saSualebas iZleva. imis gamo, rom politikur gaerTianebas kanoni ar avaldebulebs, am fondSi gadaricxuli Tanxebis warmomavloba sajaro gaxados arCevnebis msvlelobisas (Tu es periodi ar emTxveva momdevno wlis ianvris bolos, rodesac aRniSnuli informacia sajaro xdeba), amomrCevels arCevanis gakeTebamde ar aqvs srulyofili informacia politikuri gaerTianebis mier gaweuli xarjebis warmomavlobasa da kanonierebaze; kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSis warsadgenad aucilebeli xarjTaRricxvis forma Zalian mwiria da ar moicavs yvela tipis xarjs, ris gamoc xarjebis didi nawili `sxva xarjebis~ grafaSia moqceuli. amasTanave, detaluri regulaciebis ararsebobis gamo partiebi xSirad arasworad avseben dadgenil formas da bevr Secdomasac uSveben; kanonmdeblobiT iuridiuli pirisaTvis dadgenilia Semowirulebis zeda zRvari – 100 000 lari. miuxedavad amisa, kanonis arsebuli redaqcia iZleva saSualebas, rom erTma da imave iuridiulma pirebma Svilobili kompaniebis saSualebiT an mewileebma TavianT sakuTrebaSi arsebuli sxvadasxva iuridiuli piris meSveobiT gacilebiT meti Tanxa Seswiron erT partias; `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanonis 27-e muxlis Tanaxmad, partiis mier TiToeuli iuridiuli pirisagan miRebuli finansuri da materialuri Semowirulebebis moculoba weliwadSi 100 000 lars ar unda aRematebodes. es `SezRudvebi vrceldeba yvela saxis Semowirulebaze, maT Soris, partiis miznebisaTvis da misi saxeliT gaweul momsaxurebaze~. amis miuxedavad, praqtikaSi aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac sawarmos mier erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi saarCevno kampaniis fondSi da Tavad partiisTvis gadaricxuli Semowirulebebis odenoba 100 000 lars aRemateba.133 iuridiuli piri cal-calke _ partiis angariSze da partiis mier daregistrirebuli saarCevno subieqtis kampaniis fondSi _ axorcielebs Semowirulebebs. problemaa isic, rom finansuri monitoringis jgufi droebiT iqmneba yoveli arCevnebisTvis da 3-4 Tves funqcionirebs. am jgufis funqciebi da mis wevrTa pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxebi Zalian bundovania. jgufis adamianuri da finansuri resursebi arasakmarisia amomwuravi monitoringis gansaxorcieleblad. amasTanave, politikuri gaerTianebebi ar arian valdebuli, jgufs warudginon sabuRaltro dokumentacia (gadaricxvebis amonawerebi da sxv.); amdenad, srulyofili monitoringi praqtikulad ar xorcieldeba. aRniSnuli problemebis gadasaWrelad, erTi mxriv, unda Seiqmnas mudmivmoqmedi, damoukidebeli makontrolebeli organo, romelic partiaTa dafinansebis srulfasovan monitorings ganaxorcielebs, da, meore mxriv, arCevnebis wina periodSive unda gadawydes angariSgebis periodulobisa da miRebuli Semowirulebebis gamWvirvalobis sakiTxebi. amasTanave, kanoniT mkafiod unda ganisazRvros Semowirulebebis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebuli regulaciebi.
133
46
ix. sqolio 49.
nawili 3 saarCevno siebis monitoringi
saarCevno siebis daxvewaze muSaoba yoveli arCevnebis win xdeba aqtualuri. amas mosdevs siebis gadamowmebisTvis mniSvnelovani finansebisa da adamianuri resursebis mobilizeba rogorc saxelmwifo, ise donorTa mxridanac. gadamowmebis Semdgom ki yovelTvis amomrCevelTa siebis dazustebis mimarTulebiT miRweul warmatebebze Tu warumateblobebze iwyeba saubari. yoveli momdevno arCevnebis win siebis srulyofa isev prioriteti xdeba da arCevnebamde ramdenime TviT adre kvlav sakmaod moculobiTi RonisZiebebi xorcieldeba. 2010 wlis maisis arCevnebisTvis siebis gadamowmebisTvis Cveul procedurebTan erTad damatebiT sakmaod inovacuri RonisZieba ganxorcielda. kerZod, 2009 wlis 28 dekembers saqarTvelos organul kanonSi `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsSi~ Setanili damatebiT politikur partiebs amomrCevelTa siebis monitoringis SesaZlebloba miecaT.134 am mizniT partiebs saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan 1,2 mln lari gamoeyoT. es Tanxa Tanabrad ganawilda saxelmwifo dafinansebis mimReb 12 partiaze, romelTac aRniSnul procesSi monawileobis survili gamoTqves. mogvianebiT erT-erTma maTganma _ politikurma gaerTianebam `moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis~ _ monitoringis ganxorcielebaze uari ganacxada da Tanxa daabruna. Sesabamisad, monitoringi ganaxorciela qvemoT CamoTvlilma 11-ma politikurma gaerTianebam 2010 wlis 5 Tebervlidan 10 aprilamde: 1. politikuri gaerTianeba `axali memarjveneebi~; 2. politikuri gaerTianeba `erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~; 3. politikuri moZraoba `Tavisufleba~; 4. saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia; 5. politikuri moZraoba `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~; 6. saqarTvelos respublikuri partia; 7. politikuri partia `saqarTvelos gza~; 8. politikuri gaerTianeba `qarTuli dasi~; 9. politikuri gaerTianeba `qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba~; 10. politikuri gaerTianeba `Cven TviTon~; 11. politikuri gaerTianeba `xalxis partia~. saxelmwifo biujetidan gamoyofili Tanxis xarjvis monitoringisTvis detaluri procedurebi dadgenili ar yofila. kanoniT ar iyo gansazRvruli arc Tavad 134
saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~ (2001 wlis 2 agvisto, #1047-rs; gamoqveynebulia: saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo macne, #25, 22.08.2001, mux. 107), muxli 12914
47
siebis monitoringis ganxorcielebis meqanizmebi da arc teritoria, romelic mas unda moecva. partiebma damoukideblad gansazRvres monitoringis meTodologiac da geografiac. aRsaniSnavia, rom centralurma saarCevno komisiam individualuri darRvevebisa da saboloo angariSisaTvis SeimuSava arasavaldebulo formebi, romlebic ramdenime sakvanZo SekiTxvas Seicavda. partiebs SeeZloT am formebis mixedviT waredginaT ceskosTvis monitoringis Sedegebi. arasavaldebuloobis miuxedavad, aRniSnuli formebi partiebis umravlesobam gamoiyena. sayuradReboa, rom arc kanoni da arc ceskos mier SemuSavebuli formebi ar iTvaliswinebs finansur angariSgebas, Tumca 11-dan 7-ma partiam warudgina ceskos finansuri angariSi. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ zemoaRniSnuli Tanxebis xarjvis monitoringis mizniT Semdegi RonisZiebebi ganaxorciela: 1. partiebisgan gamoiTxova maT mier ganxorcielebuli siebis monitoringis saboloo finansuri angariSebi, raTa gadaemowmebina, rogor daxarjes maT miRebuli Tanxebi; 2. partiebisgan135 gamoiTxova informacia siebis monitoringis ganxorcielebisas gamoyenebuli meTodologiis Sesaxeb; Sexvda maT warmomadgenlebs, raTa gaerkvia, hqondaT Tu ara partiebs samoqmedo da Tanxebis xarjvis gegmebi; 3. Seajama informacia partiebis mier siebis monitoringis Sedegad aRmoCenili uzustobebisa da xarvezebis Sesaxeb; Seafasa siebis gadamowmebis procesSi ceskos roli da partiebis mier Sesrulebuli samuSaos konkretuli Sedegi. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelom~ aseve gamoiyena ceskosgan miRebuli informacia da dokumentebi.
monitoringisaTvis gamoyofili Tanxebis xarjvis finansuri angariSebi rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, biujetidan gamoyofili 1,2 mln lari gadaeca 12 partias, romelTac, kanonis Sesabamisad, monitoringisTvis Tanxebis miReba SeeZloT, Tumca Semdeg politikurma gaerTianebam `moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis~ monitoringis ganxorcielebaze uari ganacxada da Tanxa daabruna. es Tanxa _ 100 aTasi lari _ darCenil 11 partiaze unda ganawilebuliyo, magram, vinaidan orma politikurma gaerTianebam _ `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~ da `Cven TviTon~ _ damatebiT dafinansebaze uari Tqva, igi 9 partiaze ganawilda. partiebma miRebuli Tanxebi, gamoyenebuli meTodologiis Sesabamisad, sxvadasxvagvarad gadaanawiles. zogierTma partiam maTi udidesi nawili Sromis anazRaurebaze (da, aqedan gamomdinare, saSemosavlo gadasaxadze) daxarja, zogierTma ki mivlinebis xarjebis anazRaureba da saqonlisa da momsaxurebis xarjis gaweva arCia. amis mizezi albaT isaa, rom siebis kardakar gadamowmebis meTodis gamoyenebisas partias mravali aqtivisti hyavda da maT Sesrulebuli samuSao mivlinebis xarjebis saxiT aunazRaura, ris Sedegadac saSemosavlo gadasaxadis Tanxebi dazoga.136 kapitaluri xarji (ZiriTadi saSualebebis SeZena) im partiebma gaswies, romelTac kompiuteruli programa gamoiyenes an monacemTa analizi ganaxorcieles, risTvisac Sesabamisi teqnikisa da saTanado programis SeZena iyo saWiro. aRsaniSnavia, rom `sxvadasxva xarji~ ZiriTadad 2_5%-ia (mxolod erT partias aqvs 8%-ze odnav meti), rac gamWvirvalobis mxriv misasalmebelia, radgan es gaurkveveli xarjia. aqve ixileT cxrili #25 da diagramebi #18-24.137 135 136
137
48
mxolod is partiebi SeirCa, romlebmac 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebSi mandatebi moipoves. saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis Tanaxmad, gansazRvruli limitis farglebSi gacemuli samivlinebo Tanxa da saqonelsa da momsaxurebaze daxarjuli Tanxa ar ibegreba. meti TvalsaCinoebisaTvis ixileT danarTis diagrama #25 partiebis mier wardgenili biujetidan gamoyofili Tanxebis angariSi.
cxrili #25. partiebis mier wardgenili biujetidan gamoyofili Tanxebis xarjvis angariSebi politikuri Sromis anazRaureba gaerTianeba138 da gadasaxadebi biujetSi139
saqoneli da momsaxureba140
sxvadasxva xarji
kapitaluri xarji141
sul
naSTi xarjebi
axali memarjveneebi
13 000.00
34 740.00
51 594.00
3 334.00
8 358.00
111 026.00
85.00
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
92 110.00
0.00
3 199.00
4 691.00
0.00
100 000.00
0.00
respublikuri partia
18 355.00
24 270.00
68 277.00
415.00
0.00
111 317.00
-206.00
saqarTvelos gza
63 364.00
19 250.00
14 584.00
4 641.00
9 265.00
111 104.00
7.00
0.00
81 630.00
7 593.00
8 652.00
13 154.00
111 029.00
82.00
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba
36 088.00
0.00
50 736.00
2 157.00
22 110.00
111 091.00
20.00
Cven TviTon
35 250.00
0.00
64 556.00
187.00
0.00
99 993.00
7.00
qarTuli dasi
*
anazRaurebuli mivlinebis xarjebi
wyaro: ceskosgan da politikuri partiebidan miRebuli informacia
diagrama #18: axali memarjveneebis mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi.
3%
8%
12%
31% 46%
Sromis anazRaureba da saSemosavlo gadasaxadi anazRaurebuli mivlinebis xarjebi saqoneli da momsaxureba sxvadasxva xarji kapitaluri xarji
*
138
139
140
141
wyaro: ceskodan da politikuri partiebidan miRebuli informacia
angariSebi ar warudgeniaT politikur gaerTianebebs: `Tavisufleba~, saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia, `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~, `xalxis partia~. `Sromis anazRaureba da gadasaxadebi biujetSi~ moicavs Semdeg xarjebs: gadaxdili Sromis anazRaureba; biujetSi gadaxdili Sromis anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebuli gadasaxadebi; gadaxdili droebiT daqiravebul pirTa anazRaureba da masTan dakavSirebuli gadasaxadi. `saqoneli da momsaxureba~ moicavs Semdeg xarjebs: sakomunikacio xarjebi; komunaluri xarjebi; sawvavis xarji; satransporto xarji; beWdvis xarji; ofisis qira; saofise nivTebi. `kapitaluri xarji~ am SemTxvevaSi moicavs mxolod ZiriTadi saSualebebis SeZenis xarjs.
49
diagrama #19: erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi
5%
3%
92% Sromis anazRaureba da saSemosavlo gadasaxadi
*
saqoneli da momsaxureba
sxvadasxva xarji
wyaro: ceskodan da politikuri partiebidan miRebuli informacia
diagrama #20: respublikuri partiis mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi
0.4% 17%
22% 61%
Sromis anazRaureba da saSemosavlo gadasaxadi
*
50
anazRaurebuli mivlinebis xarjebi
saqoneli da momsaxureba
wyaro: ceskodan da politikuri partiebidan miRebuli informacia
sxvadasxva xarji
diagrama #21: saqarTvelos gzis mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi
8% 4% 13% 58%
17%
Sromis anazRaureba da saSemosavlo gadasaxadi
*
anazRaurebuli mivlinebis xarjebi
saqoneli da momsaxureba
sxvadasxva xarji
kapitaluri xarji
wyaro: ceskodan da politikuri partiebidan miRebuli informacia
diagrama #22: qarTuli dasis mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi
12% 8% 7%
73%
anazRaurebuli mivlinebis xarjebi
*
saqoneli da momsaxureba
sxvadasxva xarji
kapitaluri xarji
wyaro: ceskodan da politikuri partiebidan miRebuli informacia
51
diagrama #23: qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi
20% 2% 32%
46% Sromis anazRaureba da saSemosavlo gadasaxadi
*
saqoneli da momsaxureba
sxvadasxva xarji
kapitaluri xarjebi
wyaro: ceskodan da politikuri partiebidan miRebuli informacia
diagrama #24: `Cven TviTonis~ mier xarjebis gadanawilebis maCveneblebi
0.2%
35%
65%
Sromis anazRaureba da saSemosavlo gadasaxadi *
52
saqoneli da momsaxureba
wyaro: ceskodan da politikuri partiebidan miRebuli informacia
sxvadasxva xarji
Sexvedrebze yvela partia142 acxadebda, rom gamoyofili Tanxa sakmarisi ar iyo amomrCevelTa siebis srulyofilad SemowmebisTvis. sayuradReboa, rom kanoniT politikur partiebs ar moeTxovebodaT monitoringis finansuri angariSebis wardgena. valdebulebis ararsebobis miuxedavad, 11 partiidan 7-ma monitoringis dasrulebis Semdeg mainc warudgina ceskos finansuri angariSi. ramdenime partiam angariSi moTxovnis safuZvelze `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelosac~ miawoda.143 vinaidan ar arsebobda specialuri forma angariSis warsadgenad, zogierTma partiam buRaltruli aRricxvis standartuli cxrilebi gamoiyena, zogierTma ki _ finansuri angariSis is forma, romliTac partiebi yovelwliur angariSebs waradgenen. aqedan gamomdinare, angariSebi erTmaneTisgan gansxvavdeboda. zog partias xarjebi detalurad hqonda warmodgenili, zogis xarjebi ki sxvadasxva klasifikaciis mixedviT iyo gaerTianebuli da, Sesabamisad, zogadad warmodgenili.144 im oTxi partiidan, romlebmac finansuri angariSi monitoringis dasrulebisTanave ar waradgines, erTma _ `xalxis partiam~ xarjebi detalurad asaxa partiis 2010 wlis yovelwliur finansur angariSSi145. yvela sxva partiam ki wliur angariSSi mxolod mTlini Tanxa miuTiTa, rogorc jamuri miznobrivi dafinanseba da jamuri miznobrivi xarji, zogierTma ki saerTod ar gamijna sxva xarjebisagan. monitoringis Sedegebis aRricxvisTvis erTiani, savaldebulo formis ararsebobam da finansuri angariSis wardgenis arasavaldebuloobam, erTi mxriv, monitoringSi monawile bevri partiis mier saxelmwifo biujetidan gamoyofili Tanxis xarjva ukontrolo da gaumWvirvale gaxada da, meore mxriv, zogierTi partiis mier warmodgenili finansuri da programuli angariSebis analizi gaarTula, radgan Zneli iyo maTi erT formatSi moqceva da erTmaneTTan Sedareba.
monitoringis geografia da meTodologia monitoringisaTvis ceskom partiebs gadasca amomrCevelTa erTiani sia 2010 wlis 1 Tebervlis mdgomareobiT. siis sajaro versias146 damatebuli hqonda ori monacemi: piradobis mowmobis gacemis TariRi da saarCevno ubnebi 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis mdgomareobiT. partiebma siebis monitoringi ZiriTadad kardakar SemovliT ganaxorcieles. zogierTma partiam aseve gamoiyena cxeli xazi, monacemTa analizi specialuri kompiuteruli programis saSualebiT an aseTi programis gamouyeneblad (dublirebuli monacemebis aRmoCenis mizniT) da monacemTa analizi Sedarebis gziT (Sesadareblad gamoyenebul iqna 2008 wlis saarCevno siebi da statistikis departamentis monacemebi). zogierT partias monitoringis meTodologia saerTod ar miuTiTebia angariSSi (Tumca es kiTxva iyo ceskos mier SeTavazebul formaSi).147 rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, partiebis umravlesobam siebis kardakar gadamowmebisTvis aqtivistebi gamoiyena. zogierTma partiam gamijna Tbilissa da regionebSi gamoyenebul aqtivistTa raodenobis amsaxveli ricxvebi, zogierTs ki es informacia angariSSi ar miuTiTebia.148 142
143
144 145 146
147 148
`saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelo~ am sakiTxze esaubra politikur gaerTianebebs: `axali memarjveneebi~, saqarTvelos respublikuri partia, `saqarTvelos gza~, `qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba~, `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~. organizacias angariSebi miawodes politikurma gaerTianebebma: `Cven TviTon~, `saqarTvelos gza~, `axali memarjveneebi~, saqarTvelos respublikuri partia. xarjebis amsaxveli detaluri cxrili ixileT vebgverdze. `2010 saarCevno siebis monitoringi saerTo monacemebi xarjTaRricxva~. detaluri informaciisaTvis ixileT vebgverdze `xalxis partia (2010 wliuri _ Semosaval-gasavlebi)~ amomrCevelTa erTiani siis sajaro versia Seicavs Semdeg monacemebs: gvari, saxeli, dabadebis TariRi, registraciis adgili, iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirisaTvis agreTve faqtobrivi sacxovrebeli adgili (saqarTvelos organuli kanonis saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis~ me-9 muxlis me-4 punqti). detaluri informaciisaTvis ixileT danarTis cxrili #14 politikuri gaerTianebebis mier SerCeuli monitoringis meTodologia. detaluri informaciisaTvis ixileT danarTis cxrili #15 partiebis mier monitoringis procesisaTvis gamoyenebuli aqtivistebis raodenoba.
53
rac Seexeba monitoringis geografias, aRsaniSnavia, rom partiebis umetesobam siebis monitoringi ganaxorciela ZiriTadad TbilisSi (partiebis ganmartebiT, es gamowveuli iyo, erTi mxriv, resursebis mobilizebis SesaZleblobiT da, meore mxriv, qalaq Tbilisis meris arCevnebis aqcentirebiT) da iSviaTad _ regionebSic. zogierTma maTganma sxvadasxva municipalitetSi SemTxveviTi SerCevis principiT ramdenime ubani moicva da am gziT TiTqmis mTeli saqarTvelo dafara.149 monitoringis dros yvelaze didi teritoria `axalma memarjveneebma~, saqarTvelos respublikurma partiam, `qarTulma dasma~ da saqarTvelos konservatiulma partiam moicves. yvelaze meti (naxevar milionze meti) amomrCeveli `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~ gadaamowma. mTlianobaSi, politikur partiebs Soris ar momxdara urTierTkoordinacia funqciebisa da geografiuli arealebis gadanawilebis mizniT. marTalia, winasaarCevnod ceskos da arasamTavrobo seqtoris monawileobiT partiaTa perioduli Sexvedrebi imarTeboda, sadac gamovlenil darRvevebTan dakavSirebiT informaciis gacvla xdeboda, magram es Sexvedrebi ar iTvaliswinebda samuSaos dagegmvisa da mimdinareobisas SeTanxmebulad muSaobas. politikur partiebs arc meTodologiis SerCevaze dauxarjavT didi dro da TiToeulma partiam (an ramdenimem erTad) damoukideblad, Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr SeimuSava meTodologia.
monitoringis Sedegad aRmoCenili darRvevebi da maTze ceskos reagireba rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, ceskos individualuri darRvevebisaTvis arasavaldebulo formebi150 hqonda SemuSavebuli. isini Seicavda Semdeg sakiTxebs: monitoringis geografia, gamoyenebuli aqtivistebis raodenoba, aRmoCenili darRvevebis saerTo raodenoba, ramdenime tipis darRveva (magaliTad, gardacvlili amomrCevlebis saerTo raodenoba, gamotovebuli amomrCevlebis saerTo raodenoba da sxva). partiebisTvis SeTavazebul formebSi aseve iyo SekiTxva, Tu ramdeni amomrCevlis monacemi gadaamowmes maT. es informacia mxolod partiaTa garkveul nawils hqonda miTiTebuli.151 Sesrulebuli samuSaos angariSi partiebma ceskos sxvadasxva saxiT gadasces – eleqtronulad (MS Access an MS Excel formatiT) an nabeWdis Tu xelnaweris saxiT (Tumca saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~ siebis monitoringis Sedegebis rogorc werilobiTi, ise eleqtronuli formiT wardgenas iTxovs),152 anda perioduli angariSebis/werilebis saxiT. eleqtronulad miwodebuli monacemebis analizi ceskom gacilebiT adre daasrula da sazogadoebas 2010 wlis aprilSive gaacno, saboloo angariSi ki 25 maiss waradgina. ceskosTvis gadacemuli angariSebisa da werilebis mixedviT, partiebma waradgines informacia amomrCevelTa siaSi arsebuli Semdegi darRvevebis Sesaxeb: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
amomrCeveli amomrCeveli amomrCeveli amomrCeveli amomrCeveli amomrCeveli siaSi); 7. amomrCeveli 149 150 151 152
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dublirebulia; gardacvlilia; gamotovebulia siaSi; imyofeba sazRvargareT (da ar iyo miTiTebuli partiis xelT arsebul siaSi); patimrobaSia (da ar iyo miTiTebuli partiis xelT arsebul siaSi); samxedro/gasamxedroebul samsaxurSia (da ar iyo miTiTebuli partiis xelT arsebul miwerilia;
detaluri informaciisaTvis ixileT danarTis cxrilebi #16 da #17 partiebis mier ganxorcielebuli monitoringis geografia. http://www.cec.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=GEO&sec_id=13&info_id=5407 detaluri informaciisaTvis ixileT danarTis cxrili #18 partiebis mier gadamowmebuli amomrCevlebis raodenoba. saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~, 12914 muxlis me-3 punqti
8. amomrCeveli sxva misamarTze cxovrobs; 9. siaSi teqnikuri uzustobaa (mag., saxelSi an gvarSi asoa gamotovebuli); 10. amomrCevlis misamarTi arazustia (magaliTad, cifrebi an asoebia gamotovebuli); 11. erT misamarTze mravali amomrCevelia; 12. amomrCeveli umisamarToa.153 angariSebis analizis safuZvelze SesaZlebeli gaxda partiebis mier aRmoCenili xarvezebis Sejameba. zog SemTxvevaSi partiebma gamijnes Tbilissa da regionebSi aRmoCenili xarvezebi, zogjer ki angariSebSi mxolod jamuri ricxvebi aisaxa.154 partiebis mier aRmoCenili xarvezebis saerTo raodenoba maT mier gadamowmebuli amomrCevlebis raodenobis 6-7%-ia. darRvevebis didi nawili Tbilisze modis. es ZiriTadad imiTaa ganpirobebuli, rom partiebma regionebSi gacilebiT naklebi amomrCeveli gadaamowmes. aqve ixileT cxrili #25. cxrili #25. darRvevebis procentuli maCveneblebi gadamowmebuli amomrCevlebis raodenobasTan mimarTebiT politikuri gaerTianeba axali memarjveneebi erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba Tavisufleba
3.59% ar gadaumowmebia
% TbilisSi
% jamSi
12.59%
7.79%
7.16%
7.16%
_155
ar gadaumowmebia
_
konservatiuli partia
_
_
_
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
_
_
_
respublikuri partia
_
saqarTvelos gza
*
% Tbilisis gareT
28.07%
21.07%
21.07%
3.37%
4.60% 0.27%
qarTuli dasi
_
_
qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba
_
_
_
Cven TviTon
_
_
2.39%
xalxis partia
_
_
4.10%
wyaro: ceskos veb-gverdi
cesko gamovlenil darRvevebs da maTze reagirebis Sesaxeb informacias periodulad acnobda sazogadoebas. erT-erTi yovlismomcveli angariSi 2010 wlis 12 aprils iqna wardgenili sastumro `Tbilisi mariotSi~ adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebis, partiebis, presisa da diplomatiuri misiebis warmomadgenelTa TandaswrebiT. saboloo angariSis prezentacia 25 maiss ceskoSi gaimarTa.156 153
154
155
156
umisamarTo amomrCevlis arseboba darRvevad ar miiCneva, ramdenadac is saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisadaa daregistrirebuli aseTad (`misamarTis gareSe~) da calke gamoyofil ubnebze aZlevs xmas. miuxedavad amisa, ramdenime partiam es mainc xarvezad miuTiTa. magaliTad, `qarTulma dasma~ ceskos aseTi 49 441 amomrCevlis sia gadasca. amave partias hqonda gamoyofili damisamarTebis (arazusti misamarTebi (Zveli nomrebi areuli axalSi), areuli korpusebi da sadarbazoebi, soflebSi zusti misamarTebis (quCebis) ararseboba) problema. 24 589 aseTi monacemi Sesabamis organoebs gadaeca, radgan aRniSnuli sakiTxis gadawyveta ceskos kompetencia ar aris. damisamarTebis problemas exebodnen `axali memarjveneebi~ da saqarTvelos respublikuri partiac, `Tavisuflebas~ ki angariSSi mxolod qalaq rusTavis damisamarTebis sakiTxi hqonda Setanili. TvalsaCinoebisTvis ixileT danarTis cxrili #19 partiebis mier TbilisSi da Tbiliss gareT aRmoCenili darRvevebi. darRvevebis amsaxveli detaluri cxrili ixileT vebgverdze: `2010 saarCevno siebis monitoringi saerTo monacemebi – darRvevebi~. `defisi~ cxrilSi niSnavs, rom partias angariSSi ar miuTiTebia gadamowmebuli amomrCevlebisa da gamovlenili darRvevebis raodenoba. Sesabamisad, procentuli maCveneblis daangariSeba SeuZlebelia. ceskos reagirebis Sesaxeb informaciisaTvis (ceskos mier warmodgenili saboloo angariSis mixedviT) ixileT danarTis cxrili #20 ceskos mier warmodgenili saboloo angariSis mixedviT gakeTebuli reagireba.
55
ceskos analizis mixedviT, partiebis mier aRmoCenili darRvevebis 17-18% gasworda, maT mier miwodebuli informaciis daaxloebiT 37%157 mcdari aRmoCnda (radgan araswor monacemebs eyrdnoboda), danarCeni monacemebi ki (ZiriTadad, damisamarTebis problemebi da umisamarTo amomrCevlebi) ceskom xarvezad ar miiCnia. detalebisaTvis aqve ixileT cxrili #26. cxrili #26. ceskos mier dadasturebuli da daudasturebeli xarvezebis procentuli maCveneblebi partiebis mier miTiTebuli xarvezebis raodenobasTan mimarTebiT politikuri gaerTianeba axali memarjveneebi erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba Tavisufleba konservatiuli partia
dadasturebuli xarvezebi158
daudasturebeli xarvezebi159
gaerTianebulia respublikur partiasTan 29.61%
62.48%160
realuri Sedegi ucnobia161 2540%
31.58%
751%
12.36%
respublikuri partia
1288%
30.29%
saqarTvelos gza
1833%
29.99%
513%
3.02%
qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba
2002%
66.52%
Cven TviTon
2744%
24.90%
xalxis partia
10.71%
33.38%
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
qarTuli dasi
* wyaro: ceskos veb-gverdi
daskvna 2010 wels winasaarCevnod ganxorcielebulma iniciativam _ siebis monitoringSi politikuri partiebis CarTvam _ erTi mxriv, ceskosa da partiebs Soris TanamSromlobis gaRrmavebas Seuwyo xeli, meore mxriv ki, partiebs amomrCevelTa registraciasTan dakavSirebuli problemebis ufro axlos gacnobis SesaZlebloba misca. am novaciis Sedegad partiebma Tavad miiRes monawileoba arCevnebis administrirebaSi. Tumca, aRniSnul dadebiT mxareebTan erTad, siebis gadamowmebis process araerTi sisustec hqonda; kerZod: 1. partiebs ar hqondaT sakmarisi dro siebis srulyofilad SemowmebisTvis (es procesi siebze muSaobis dasrulebamde daaxloebiT ori TviT adre daiwyo); 2. partiebisTvis gamoyofili Tanxa ar iyo sakmarisi imisTvis, rom siebi srulyofilad Semowmebuliyo;
157
158 159
160
161
56
es maCvenebeli ar moicavs `Tavisuflebis~ mier miwodebul monacems, radgan is mxolod qalaq rusTavSi damisamarTebas Seexeboda. ceskos informaciiT, rusTavis saolqo saarCevno komisiam gaiTvaliswina isini, Tumca, ra moculobiT, CvenTvis ucnobia. partiis mier wardgenil informaciaSi miTiTebuli xarvezebidan ceskos mier xarvezad miCneuli monacemebi partiis mier wardgenil informaciaSi miTiTebuli xarvezebidan ceskos mier xarvezad armiCneuli monacemebi (magaliTad, partiis informaciiT, amomrCeveli gardacvlili iyo an sazRvargareT imyofeboda, magram es informacia ceskos mier gadamowmebis Sedegad ar dadasturda.) `dadasturebuli xarvezebi~ da `daudasturebeli xarvezebi~ jamSi 100%-s ar Seadgens. ricxvi, romelic 100%-mde Sevsebas aklia, ZiriTadad iseT monacemebs asaxavs, romlebic ar iTvleba amomrCevelTa siis xarvezad (damisamarTebis problemebi da umisamarTo amomrCevlebi). mxolod damisamarTebis problemebi hqondaT gamokveTili. maTze reagirebis Sesaxeb informacia ver movipoveT.
3. finansuri angariSgebis valdebulebis da amisTvis saWiro angariSebis formebis ararsebobis gamo partiebis mier biujetidan gamoyofili Tanxebis xarjvis efeqtianobisa da miznobriobis Sefaseba rTuli, zogierT SemTxvevaSi ki _ SeuZlebeli iyo; 4. partiebi ar iyvnen bolomde mzad imisTvis, rom adgilobriv Tu ucxoel eqspertebTan konsultaciis safuZvelze yvelaze efeqtiani meTodologia SeemuSavebinaT (amis mizezi, savaraudod, SezRuduli droc iyo); 5. partiebs Soris koordinacia saTanado doneze ar iyo, ris gamoc maT ver moaxerxes funqciebisa da geografiuli arealebis gayofa da SeTanxmebulad muSaoba. rac yvelaze mTavaria, imisaTvis, rom siebi daixvewos mxolod am tipis monitoringis ganxorcieleba sakmarisi ar aris. pirvel rigSi, unda gaizardos koordinacia siebis SedgenisTvis pasuxismgebel saxelisuflebo uwyebebs Soris – maTi eleqtronuli bazebi urTierTTavsebadi gaxdes da romelime bazaSi cvlilebis Sesvlis SemTxvevaSi, es cvlileba sxva uwyebebis bazebSic aisaxos. aucilebelia isic, rom siebi mudmivad xelmisawvdomi iyos amomrCevlebisTvis, politikuri partiebisTvis, da sxva dainteresebuli jgufebisa da pirebisTvis, raTa maT nebismier dros SeZlon maTi Semowmeba da saWiro Sesworebebis Setanis moTxovniT centraluri saarCevno komisiisTvis mimarTva. amisTvis unda arsebobdes detaluri procedurebi da mimarTvis (gancxadebis) dadgenili formebi.
57
nawili 4 rekomendaciebi (arsebuli sakanonmdeblo bazis, saerTaSoriso da sakuTari gamocdilebis analizisa da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis rekomendaciebis mixedviT)
Sesavali saqarTveloSi politikuri partiebis dafinansebas aregulirebs ori normatiuli aqti, kerZod, saqarTvelos organuli kanonebi `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~ da `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~. isini Seicavs partiis dafinansebis rogorc saxelmwifo, ise arasaxelmwifo wyaroebs (sawevro Senatanebi, Semowirulebebi da sxva) da saarCevno kampaniis dafinansebasTan dakavSirebul normebs. partiebis dafinansebis swori samarTlebrivi regulireba umniSvnelovanesia maTi gamWvirvalobisa da angariSvaldebulebis uzrunvelsayofad. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi aris debulebebi (saarCevno kampaniis fondis sajarooba, anonimuri Semowirulebebis akrZalva), romlebic mniSvnelovnad uwyobs xels gamWvirvalobisa da angariSvaldebulebis gaumjobesebas, Tumca, am TvalsazrisiT, igi udavod saWiroebs daxvewas da ramdenime debulebis damatebas. qvemoT mocemuli analizi moicavs `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos~ mier sakuTari gamocdilebis, saerTaSoriso rekomendaciebis da saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis analizis safuZvelze gamovlenil problemebs da maTi mogvarebisaTvis gamiznul rekomendaciebs.
zedamxedvelobis meqanizmebi specialuri damoukidebeli makontrolebeli organo saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi politikuri partiebis dafinansebis kanonierebis zedamxedvelobis meqanizmebi arasrulia: ar arsebobs organo, romelsac evaleba dafinansebis kanonierebis srulyofili kontroli; ar aris dadgenili, Tu visi kompetenciaa partiis mier yovelwliurad gamoqveynebuli safinanso deklaraciis Semowmeba. evropuli komisia samarTlis meSveobiT demokratiis dasacavad (veneciis komisia)162 sxvadasxva qveynis kanonmdeblobebTan dakavSirebiT momzadebuli mosazrebebis safuZvelze Sedgenil `politikuri partiebis dafinansebis angariSSi~ aRniSnavs, rom saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba saerTod ar uzrunvelyofs partiaTa dafinansebis zedamxedvelobis meqanizmebs.163
162 163
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evropis sabWos sakonsultacio organo konstituciur sakiTxebSi. evropuli komisia samarTlis meSveobiT demokratiis dasacavad (veneciis komisia), politikuri partiebis dafinansebis angariSi, strasburgi, 2000 wlis 26 maisi, I nawilis `b~ punqti. http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/ 2000/CDL-PP(2000)001-e.pdf
saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT, partiis finansebis yovelwliur audits, aseve misi, rogorc saarCevno subieqtis, saarCevno kampaniis fondis audits atarebs damoukidebeli kerZo auditori, romelsac Tavad partia irCevs. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ miaCnia, rom kerZo kompaniebis mier politikur partiaTa finansebis auditoruli Semowmeba unda ganxorcieldes finansuri angariSgebis saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesabamisad. saqarTvelos organuli kanonis `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis~ 48-e muxlis 101 punqtis safuZvelze yoveli arCevnebisTvis iqmneba finansuri monitoringis jgufi, Tumca misi funqciebi sakmaod bundovania. misi saqmianoba mxolod ramdenime Tves grZeldeba. jgufis wevris anazRaureba 500 lars ar aRemateba. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba – saqarTvelos~,164 iseve, rogorc saerTaSoriso organizaciebs, miaCnia, rom jgufis muSaoba araefeqtiania. amis erT-erT mizezad veneciis komisia da euTos demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa ofisi (OSCE/ODIHR) saarCevno kodeqsSi finansuri monitoringis jgufis kompetenciis damdgeni normebis ararsebobas asaxeleben.165 kodeqsiT marTlac ar aris gansazRvruli jgufis mandati da uflebamosilebebi. igi zedapirul Semowmebas axorcielebs, vinaidan kodeqsi ar uzrunvelyofs jgufis xelmisawvdomobas pirvelad dokumentaciaze (xarjebis damadasturebel invoisebsa da sabanko gadaricxvebis damadasturebel dokumentebze). partiebisgan aseTi informaciis miReba mxolod maT mier keTili nebis gamoCenis SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli. finansuri monitoringis jgufs 2008 da 2010 wlebis arCevnebis dros pirveladi dokumentacia ar Seumowmebia, Tumca wardgenili xarjTaRricxvis safuZvelzedac ki araerTi darRveva da uzustoba aRmoaCina partiebis angariSgebebSi.166 imis gamo, rom saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar gansazRvravs aRmoCenil darRvevebsa da uzustobebze reagirebis formebs da Sesabamisi pasuxismgeblobis zomebs, jgufis mier momzadebul daskvnas reagireba ar mohyolia. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba saWiroebs daxvewas politikuri partiebis finansuri saqmianobis, gansakuTrebiT – arCevnebis dros, zedamxedvelobis meqanizmebis TvalsazrisiT. problemis mosagvareblad mizanSewonilia specialuri damoukidebeli organos Seqmna, romlis funqciac iqneba partiebis rogorc regularuli (yovelwliuri), ise saarCevno kampaniis dafinansebis kanonierebis safuZvliani Semowmeba, maTTvis finansuri angariSgebis ufro daxvewili wesebis SemuSaveba, partiebis finansuri angariSebis Semowmeba da sazogadoebis Sesabamisi sajaro informaciiT uzrunvelyofa. aseTi organos arseboba srulad Seesabameba saerTaSoriso standartebs; kerZod, veneciis komisia Tavis mier SemuSavebul `politikuri partiebis dafinansebis saxelmZRvanelo principebSi~ ganmartavs, rom politikuri partiebis saxelmwifo dafinansebis miznobrioba da kanoniereba gansazRvrulma saxelmwifo organom unda gaakontrolos.167 evrosabWos ministrTa komitetis 2003 wlis 8 aprilis (2003)4 rekomendaciis me-14 muxlis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos politikuri partiebisa da saarCevno kampaniis dafinansebis damoukidebeli monitoringi, romelic moicavs politikuri partiebis angariSebisa da saarCevno kampaniis xarjebis monitorings.168 evropis bevr qveyanaSi partiebis dafinansebis makontrolebeli organo damoukidebelia an romelime saxelmwifo dawesebulebas eqvemdebareba. GRECO169-s `politikis dafinansebis angariSis~ mixedviT, aseTi 164
165
166
167
168
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finansuri monitoringis jgufis angariSebi sakmaod zedapirulia. maT safuZvelze, rogorc wesi, Znelia realuri suraTis dadgena. amave dros, ar arsebobs jgufis mier gamovlenil darRvevebze reagirebis precedenti. evropuli komisia samarTlis meSveobiT demokratiis dasacavad (veneciis komisia) da euTos demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa ofisi (OSCE/ODIHR), erToblivi mosazreba saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsze, strasburgi/varSava, 2010 wlis 9 ivnisi, abzaci 55. http:// www.venice.coe.int/docs/2010/CDL-AD(2010)013-e.pdf avtoris interviu saqarTvelos centraluri saarCevno komisiis moqmed TavmjdomaresTan, zurab xaratiSvilTan. 2008 wlis arCevnebis dros is finansuri monitoringis jgufis wevri iyo. evropuli komisia samarTlis meSveobiT demokratiis dasacavad (veneciis komisia), politikuri partiebis dafinansebis saxelmZRvanelo principebi, strasburgi, 2000 wlis 6 dekemberi, punqti 13. http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/2000/CDL-PP(2000)006-e.pdf evrosabWos ministrTa komitetis 2003 wlis 8 aprilis (2003)4 rekomendacia. https://wcd.coe.int/ ViewDoc.jsp?id=2183&BackColorInternet=9999CC&BackColorIntranet=FFBB55&BackColorLogged=FFAC75 saxelmwifoTa jgufi korufciis winaaRmdeg; Seqmna evrosabWom 1999 wels saxelmwifoebis mier evrosabWos antikorufciuli standartebis Sesrulebasa da qmedebebis Sesabamisobaze monitoringis gansaxorcieleblad.
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organoebis damoukidebloba saeWvoa, rodesac isini sakanonmdeblo an aRmasrulebel organoebs eqvemdebarebian.170 saqarTvelosTvis SeiZleba saintereso iyos safrangeTis, irlandiisa da poloneTis magaliTebi, sadac partiebis dafinansebis Semowmeba xelisuflebisgan sruliad damoukidebel organoebs evalebaT.171 safrangeTis kampaniis angariSebisa da politikis dafinansebis makontrolebeli organo saarCevno periodSi, 33 mudmivi TanamSromlis garda, qiraobs 170 droebiT TanamSromels, romlebic Tvalyurs adevneben gazeTebs da informaciis sxva saSualebebs, raTa aRmoaCinon saarCevno kampaniis iseTi xarjebi, romlebic aRricxuli ar aris politikur partiaTa angariSebSi.172 `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ finansuri monitoringis organos damoukideblobisa da efeqtianobis uzrunvelyofisaTvis Svidi pirobis dacva miaCnia mniSvnelovnad: 1. finansuri monitoringis organo unda iyos mudmivmoqmedi. 2. organos wevrebi unda airCios parlamentma, xolo aparati Tavad am organom unda daakompleqtos. 3. organos wevrebi unda dainiSnon garantirebuli vadiT, magaliTad, 5-7 wliT. am organos wevrs ar unda hqondes aRniSnuli Tanamdebobis ganmeorebiT dakavebis ufleba. es Seamcirebs Tanamdebobis SenarCunebis mizniT organos wevris mikerZoebulobis risks. 4. organos garantirebuli unda hqondes adekvaturi dafinanseba da teqnikuri resursebi.173 5. damoukideblobasTan erTad umniSvnelovanesia, rom am organos kanoniT mieniWos sakmarisi uflebamosileba, raTa realuri kontrolis SesaZlebloba hqondes. mas unda SeeZlos partiebis saxelmwifo auditis Catareba. amave dros, aRniSnulma organom unda gaakontrolos, ramdenad Seesabameba partiebis realuri danaxarjebi maT mier oficialurad gamoqveynebul monacemebs, anu xom ar xdeba Crdilovani xarjva. 6. organos muSaobisas uzrunvelyofili unda iyos gamWvirvalobis maRali xarisxi. mas kanoniT unda daekisros valdebuleba, droulad gamoaqveynos partiebis finansuri angariSebi da sazogadoebisTvis saintereso sxva informacia maTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb.174 7. gamWvirvalobis uzrunvelsayofad aucilebelia TviT am organos kontrolic. igi angariSvaldebuli unda iyos parlamentis winaSe da yovelwliurad unda warudginos mas Tavisi saqmianobis werilobiTi angariSi.175 es funqcia SesaZloa saqarTvelos kontrolis palatam an centralurma saarCevno komisiam Seasrulos, Tumca am gadawyvetilebis miRebamde aucilebelia, rom (a) gadaidgas qmediTi nabijebi SerCeuli organos mimarT sazogadoebis ndobis gansamtkiceblad da (b) es organo akmayofilebdes zemoT CamoTvlil Svid pirobas. angariSgebis sistema politikuri partiebis dafinansebis gamWvirvalobis xarisxis asamaRleblad saWiroa daixvewos angariSgebis ramdenime teqnikuri detali. saqarTvelos centraluri saarCevno komisiis 2003 wlis 4 oqtombris #58/2003 gankargulebiT damtkicebulia saarCevno subieqtis saarCevno kampaniisaTvis gamoyenebuli saxsrebis angariSis forma. swored am formis mixedviT waredgineba saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSi saarCevno komisias yoveli arCevnebis dasrulebis Semdeg. rac Seexeba politikuri partiis wliuri finansuri angariSis formas, igi normatiuli aqtiT saerTod ar aris damtkicebuli. `saerTaSo-
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GRECO, politikis dafinansebis angariSi, Sefasebis mesame raundi, 2010 wlis 19 maisi, abzaci 73. http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/ greco/documents/2010/Greco(2010)8_RapportYVDoublet_EN.pdf iqve, abzaci 72. iqve. TI Policy Position No. 2/2005, Political Finance Regulations: Bridging The Enforcement Gap, nawili 6. http://www.transparency.org/content/ download/1920/11242/file/02policy_brief_political_finance_regulations.pdf iqve, nawili 10. iqve, nawili 9.
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riso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelos~ mier miRebuli politikuri partiebis wliuri da saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSebis analizis safuZvelze aSkaraa, rom maT mier wardgenili saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSebi ufro detaluri da gasagebia, vidre wliuri angariSebi. politikuri partiebis wliuri angariSebi araerTgvarovania, xarjebis klasifikacia ki sxvadasxvagvari, rac angariSebis wakiTxvas da gaweuli xarjebisa da miRebuli Semosavlebis Sesaxeb realuri suraTis Seqmnas arTulebs. Tumca problemebi saarCevno kampaniis angariSgebis formaSic aris. es forma Zalian zogadia. magaliTad, masSi gvxvdeba iseTi zogadi kategoria, rogoricaa `sxva xarjebi~, romelic bevr SemTxvevaSi saarCevno subieqtis mTeli xarjis 50%-s aRemateba, da gaugebari rCeba, ra iyo am xarjebis daniSnuleba. sakmaod xSiria arasworad Sevsebuli angariSebic. SesaZlo xarjebis CamonaTvali maqsimalurad farTo unda iyos, xolo `sxva xarjebis~ grafaSi saWiroa imis aRniSvna, rom, Tu xarjis dasaxeleba sxva grafebSi ar aris aRniSnuli, is `sxva xarjis~ miTiTebisas unda aRiniSnos. mizanSewonilia politikuri partiis finansuri angariSgebis erTiani formis Seqmna, romelSic maqsimalurad detalurad iqneba klasificirebuli partiis Semosavlebi da xarjebi. sasurvelia, rom am formis Sevseba SesaZlebeli iyos eleqtronuli saxiT da rom aRniSnuli angariSebi mudmivad xelmisawvdomi iyos sazogadoebisTvis politikuri partiebis dafinansebis makontrolebeli organos vebgverdis meSveobiT, rogorc es xdeba Tanamdebobis pirTa qonebrivi mdgomareobis deklaraciebis SemTxvevaSi (ix. www.declaration.ge). Tumca mniSvnelovania, rom partiebis finansuri angariSebi iseT monacemTa bazaSi ganTavsdes, romelic saWiro informaciis moZiebas, daxarisxebasa da analizs gaamartivebs.176 angariSgebis erTiani eleqtronuli formis Seqmna mizanSewonilad miaCnia GRECO-sac, romelic `politikis dafinansebis angariSSi~ dadebiTad afasebs evropis qveynebis, kerZod, luqsemburgis, irlandiis, norvegiis, niderlandis, gaerTianebuli samefos da slovakeTis partiebis mier erTgvarovani eleqtronuli formebis gamoyenebiT angariSgebas.177 es sxvadasxva partiis mier sxvadasxva dros wardgenili angariSebis Sedarebis saSualebas iZleva. gamWvirvalobis xarisxis asamaRleblad sasurvelia, rom politikuri partiebis finansuri angariSebi da saarCevno subieqtebis finansuri angariSgeba, agreTve maTi finansuri dokumentacia iyos Ria, sajaro informacia da ara kanoniT gansazRvruli romelime saxis saidumlo informacia. aseT SemTxvevaSi igi xelmisawvdomi gaxdeba yvela dainteresebuli pirisTvis kanoniT dadgenili wesiT gamoTxovnis SemTxvevaSi. amasTanave, mniSvnelovania, rom aRniSnul organos kanoniT daekisros misTvis wardgenili dokumentaciis garkveuli periodis (magaliTad, 5-6 wlis) ganmavlobaSi Senaxvis valdebuleba, raTa saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebeli iyos partiebis Zveli angariSebis gadamowmeba.
saarCevno kampaniis fondis gamWvirvaloba da angariSvaldebuleba saqarTveloSi saarCevno kampaniis dafinanseba saqarTvelos organuli kanonis saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis~ 46-e 48-e muxlebiT regulirdeba; kerZod, saarCevno subieqtebisaTvis savaldebuloa saarCevno kampaniis fondis gaxsna, romelSic unda aisaxos saarCevno kampaniasTan dakavSirebuli yvela Semowiruleba da xarji. saarCevno subieqtebi arCevnebis saboloo Sedegebis gamoqveynebidan erTi Tvis vadaSi waradgenen arCevnebisaTvis gamoyenebuli saxsrebis angariSebs. es informacia xelmisawvdomi xdeba 176
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`saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelos~ analitikosis, derek doleris, blogposti. http://transparency.ge/blog/psamtavrobomonatsemebi-tvalsachino-ar-aris-qoveltvis-gamosadegarip GRECO, politikis dafinansebis angariSi, Sefasebis mesame raundi, 2010 wlis 19 maisi, abzaci 35. http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/ greco/documents/2010/Greco(2010)8_RapportYVDoublet_EN.pdf
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nebismieri dainteresebuli pirisTvis. saarCevno kampaniis fondis mmarTveli valdebulia saarCevno kampaniis fondis gaxsnidan TveSi erTxel Sesabamis saarCevno komisias warudginos informacia miRebuli Semowirulebebis Sesaxeb. aRniSnuli maregulirebeli normebi mniSvnelovani win gadadgmuli nabijia saarCevno kampaniis xarjebis gamWvirvalobis TvalsazrisiT, Tumca isini mainc Seicavs garkveul xarvezebs, romelTa gamosworebac mniSvnelovnad aamaRlebs gamWvirvalobisa da angariSvaldebulebis xarisxs. partiis mier gadaricxuli Tanxebis gamWvirvaloba demokratiis maRali standartebi moiTxovs, rom saarCevno kampaniis xarjebisa da Semowirulebebis Sesaxeb informacia umokles droSi gaxdes xelmisawvdomi sazogadoebisTvis. swored amas emsaxureba saarCevno subieqtis valdebuleba, arCevnebis saboloo Sedegebis gamoqveynebidan erTi Tvis vadaSi (winaswari SedegebiT gamarjvebulisa ki kenWisyris dRidan 8 dRis vadaSi) gaxados sajaro Semowirulebebisa da xarjebis Sesaxeb informacia. amis paralelurad, politikuri partia mxolod weliwadSi erTxel (yoveli wlis 1 Tebervlamde) aris valdebuli, sajaro gaxados Tavisi finansuri angariSi. am normis Tanaxmad, politikur partias SeuzRudavad SeuZlia saarCevno kampaniis fondSi Seitanos Semowirulebebi, ris Sedegadac saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSTan erTad sajaro ar xdeba saarCevno kampaniis fondSi Caricxuli didi odenobis Tanxebis warmomavloba, vinaidan Semomwirvelis saxiT gvevlineba politikuri partia da ara is fizikuri Tu iuridiuli piri, romelmac realurad gaiRo es Tanxebi. aman problemebi Seqmna 2008 da 2010 wlebis arCevnebis dros,178 radgan saarCevno kampaniis fondSi Caricxuli Tanxebis warmomavlobis dasadgenad momdevno wlis Tebervlamde mocdaa saWiro, aseTi didi intervali ki am informacias naklebad aqtualurs xdis. aqedan gamomdinare, mizanSewonilia saqarTvelos organuli kanonis `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis~ 47-e muxlis 33 punqtis daxvewa. politikur partias Tavisive saarCevno kampaniis fondSi Tanxis gadaricxva mxolod im SemTxvevaSi unda SeeZlos, Tu fondis zogad angariSTan erTad gadaricxuli Tanxebis warmomavlobasac gaxdis sajaros. anu, is politikuri partia, romelic Tanxebs Tavis saarCevno kampaniis fondSi Caricxavs, fondis angariSebTan (rogorc arCevnebis wina, ise Semdgom angariSebTan) erTad gamoaqveynebs imave saarCevno wlisTvis sakuTar angariSze miRebuli Semosavlebis angariSs. angariSebis gamoqveynebis perioduloba saarCevno kampaniis farglebSi miRebuli Semosulobebisa da gaweuli xarjebis Sesaxeb informaciis sajarooba miznad isaxavs politikuri partiebis dafinansebis kanonierebis kontrols, Tumca es ar aris misi erTaderTi funqcia. es informacia exmareba amomrCevlebs, meti icodnen partiis saqmianobaze, rac maT informirebuli arCevnis gakeTebaSi daexmareba. aqedan gamomdinare, umniSvnelovanesia, rom saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSi (mimdinare informacia) gamoqveyndes ara mxolod arCevnebis Semdeg, aramed kenWisyramde ramdenime (magaliTad, 5 10) dRiT adrec,179 raTa moqalaqeebs arCevnis gakeTebamde hqondeT saTanado informacia saarCevno subieqtis saqmianobis Sesaxeb.
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2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebze `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ saprezidento kandidatis saarCevno kampaniis fondma Seadgina daaxloebiT 23 milioni lari, romlis daaxloebiT 45% fonds Tavad `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~ Seswira. imave wlis saparlamento arCevnebze saarCevno kampaniis fondSi mmarTvelma partiam gadaricxa 11,9 mln laris daaxloebiT 80%, moqalaqeTa politikurma gaerTianebam `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ ki 0,104 mln laris 45%. 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze saarCevno kampaniis fondSi `erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam~ Caricxa 14,1 mln laris 96%, xolo `erovnulma sabWom~ 0,176 mln laris 54%. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelom~ oficialurad gamoiTxova partiebis angariSebze Setanili Semowirulebebis Sesaxeb informacia, aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi. es moTxovna daakmayofila yvela partiam, garda `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobisa~. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom saolqo saarCevno Stabebis mier gaweuli xarjebis saarCevno kampaniis fondSi asaxva garkveul dros moiTxovs, norma SeiZleba Camoyalibdes ise, rom saarCevno subieqts daevalos, arCevnebamde 5 dRiT adre gamoaqveynos saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSi arCevnebamde me-10 dRis mdgomareobiT.
amasTanave, veneciis komisiisa da euTos erToblivi mosazrebis Tanaxmad, saarCevno komisiisTvis Semowirulebebis Sesaxeb informaciis saarCevno kampaniis fondis gaxsnidan mxolod TveSi erTxel miwodeba araadekvaturia.180 imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom winasaarCevno periodi mxolod or Tves grZeldeba da fondis angariSi saarCevno subieqtis registraciidan 5 dRis vadaSi ixsneba, aRniSnuli informaciis saarCevno komisiisTvis miwodeba fondis mmarTvels winasaarCevno periodSi mxolod erTxel uwevs. mizanSewonilia, rom saarCevno kampaniis fondis Semosavlebisa da xarjebis Sesaxeb informacia partiebis dafinansebis makontrolebel organos winasaarCevno periodSi intensiurad (magaliTad, kviraSi erTxel) miewodebodes da rom kanoniT iyos gansazRvruli misi Riaoba. grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi, sasurvelia Seiqmnas eleqtronuli sistema, romlis saSualebiTac moxdeba partiebis mier miRebuli Semowirulebebisa da gaweuli xarjebis Sesaxeb informaciis avtomatur reJimSi ganaxleba Sesabamis vebgverdze. informaciis unifikacia saqarTvelos organuli kanonis `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis~ 48-e muxlis me-4 punqtis Tanaxmad, saarCevno subieqti saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSs, iseve, rogorc yovelTviur informacias miRebuli Semowirulebebis Sesaxeb, Sesabamis saarCevno komisias warudgens. es imas niSnavs, rom saolqo saarCevno komisiaSi daregistrirebuli saarCevno subieqti am informacias saolqo saarCevno komisiaSi, xolo centralur saarCevno komisiaSi daregistrirebuli subieqti – centralur saarCevno komisiaSi waradgens.181 amitom saarCevno dafinansebis Sesaxeb informacia sxvadasxva organoSi iyris Tavs, rac mis xelmisawvdomobas arTulebs. mizanSewonilia kanonSi arsebobdes norma, romliTac moxerxdeboda aRniSnuli informaciis partiebis dafinansebis makontrolebel organoSi Tavmoyra. aseTi informaciis erT organoSi Tavmoyra mizanSewonilad miaCniaT aseve veneciis komisias da euTos. maT erTobliv mosazrebaSi miTiTebulia, rom angariSebis Sesabamis saarCevno komisiaSi wardgenis valdebuleba umjobesia Seicvalos maTi centralur saarCevno komisiaSi wardgenis valdebulebiT.182 amis miRweva SeiZleba saolqo saarCevno komisiebis davaldebulebiT, rom angariSebi da sxva saTanado informacia dadgenil droSi centralur saarCevno komisiaSi gadaagzavnon. eleqtronuli angariSgeba, romelzedac zemoT iyo saubari, informaciis unifikaciis problemas TavisTavad gadaWrida.
Semowirulebebi kanonmdeblobaSi winaaRmdegobebis aRmofxvra kerZo pirebisgan miRebuli saarCevno Semowirulebebi politikuri partiis dafinansebis mniSvnelovani nawilia. amitom aucilebelia maTi swori samarTlebrivi regulireba. partiis mier Semowirulebebis miRebis sakiTxebs `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanoni awesrigebs, xolo saarCevno subieqtis saarCevno kampanis fondSi Semowirulebebis miRebis sakiTxebs –
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evropuli komisia samarTlis meSveobiT demokratiis dasacavad (veneciis komisia) da euTos demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa ofisi (OSCE/ODIHR), erToblivi mosazreba saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsze, strasburgi/varSava, 2010 wlis 9 ivnisi, abzaci 52. http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/2010/CDL-AD(2010)013-e.pdf magaliTad, konkretul saarCevno olqSi parlamentarobis maJoritari kandidati Tavisi saarCevno kampaniis fondis angariSs warudgens imave olqis saolqo saarCevno komisias da ara ceskos. evropuli komisia samarTlis meSveobiT demokratiis dasacavad (veneciis komisia) da euTos demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa ofisi (OSCE/ODIHR), erToblivi mosazreba saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsze, strasburgi, 2009 wlis 9 ianvari, abzaci 81. http:/ /www.venice.coe.int/docs/2009/CDL-AD(2009)001-e.asp
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saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~. politikur partias SeuZlia ganusazRvreli odenobis Tanxebi Caricxos Tavis saarCevno kampaniis fondSi. Sesabamisad, saarCevno kampaniis fondisa da arasaarCevno periodSi miRebuli Semowirulebebis miznobriobis gamijvna pirobiTia. am TvalsazrisiT, kanonmdeblobaSi garkveuli xarvezebi da Seusabamobebia. magaliTad, `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ organuli kanoni (26-e muxlis me-4 punqti) nebas rTavs politikur partiebs, Semowirulebebi sajaro RonisZiebebis meSveobiT miiRon, saarCevno kodeqsi ki aseT normas ar iTvaliswinebs. imavdroulad, `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ organuli kanoni (26-e muxlis 1-li punqtis `b~ qvepunqti) krZalavs Semowirulebebis mxolod im sawarmosagan miRebas, romelSic saxelmwifo wili 10%-s aRemateba, xolo saarCevno kodeqsi (47-e muxlis me-5 punqtis `v~ qvepunqti) krZalavs saarCevno kampaniis fondSi Semowirulebis miRebas im sawarmosagan, romelSic aris saxelmwifo wili nebismieri odenobiT. politikuri partiis mier sakuTar angariSze da saarCevno kampaniis fondSi Semowirulebebis miRebisaTvis erTi da igive SezRudvebi unda arsebobdes. saarCevno kodeqsi da `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ organuli kanoni ise unda Seicvalos, rom politikuri partiis mier Semowirulebebis misaRebad SezRudvebis TvalsazrisiT isini erTmaneTs Seesabamebodes.183 Semowirulebebi biznesidan komerciuli sawarmos mier Semowirulebebis gaRebis regulireba sxvadasxva qveyanaSi sxvadasxvagvaria. evropis zogierTi qveyana mTlianad krZalavs aseT Semowirulebebs, zogi ki SezRudvebs mxolod garkveuli tipis sawarmoebisTvis awesebs. es SezRudvebi, rogorc wesi, politikuri korufciis prevencias da aqcionerTa uflebebis dacvas emsaxureba. komerciuli sawarmos umTavresi mizani finansuri mogebis miRebaa. Sesabamisad, yovelTvis arsebobs safrTxe, rom biznesis mxridan politikuri Semowirulebebis gaReba politikosebTan daaxloebas da amiT garkveuli arakanonieri upiratesobebis mopovebas isaxavdes miznad. biznesis mier politikis dafinanseba yovelTvis Seicavs korufciis risks. amitom aucilebelia Semowirulebebis gaRebis swori samarTlebrivi regulireba. erTaderTi SezRudva, romelsac saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs, aris erTi iuridiuli pirisgan miRebuli Semowirulebis zeda zRvris dadgena. es, ra Tqma unda, misasalmebelia, Tumca arasakmarisi. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom konkretuli pirisgan miRebuli Semowirulebis zeda zRvris damdgeni norma xarvezebs Seicavs; kerZod, `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ organuli kanonis 27-e muxlis Tanaxmad, `partiis mier miRebuli finansuri da materialuri Semowirulobebis moculoba weliwadSi ar unda aRematebodes: a) TiToeuli fizikuri pirisagan 30 000 lars; b) TiToeuli iuridiuli pirisagan 100 000 lars~; es `SezRudvebi vrceldeba yvela saxis Semowirulebaze, maT Soris, partiis miznebisaTvis da misi saxeliT gaweul momsaxurebaze~. amis miuxedavad, praqtikaSi aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac sawarmos mier erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi saarCevno kampaniis fondSi da Tavad partiisTvis gadaricxuli Semowirulebebis odenoba 100 000 lars aRemateba.184 aqedan gamomdinare, mniSvnelovania, kanoniT naTlad ganisazRvros, rom erTi piris mier wlis ganmavlobaSi gaRebuli Semowirulebebis maqsimumi vrceldeba mis mier saarCevno kampaniis fondisa da TviT partiisTvis Sewiruli Tanxebis jamze. arsebobs iseTi SemTxvevebic, roca erTi da imave wilis mflobelis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli iuridiuli pirebi cal-calke axorcieleben Semowirulebebs. 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevne183
184
64
evropuli komisia samarTlis meSveobiT demokratiis dasacavad (veneciis komisia), mosazreba saqarTvelos organul kanonze `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organul kanonSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setanis Taobaze~, strasburgi, 2009 wlis 16 ivnisi, abzaci 11. http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/2009/CDL-AD(2009)033-e.asp ixileT sqolio 49.
bisTvis xuTma kompaniam _ `Tegeta Traq end basma~, `Tegeta konstraqSen eqvifmenTma~, `Tegeta lojistikma~, `Tegeta motorsma~ da `Tegeta motors quTaisma~ _ `erTian nacionalur moZraobas~ jamSi 500 000 lari Seswira. maTgan samis wilis mflobeli Temur koxoZea, xolo orisa _ `Tegeta motorsi~, romlis mewileebSi aseve Temur koxoZe figurirebs.185 Sesabamisad, saWiroa kanonis iseTi saxiT formulireba, rom erTma da imave pirma mis mflobelobaSi arsebuli sxvadasxva iuridiuli piris saSualebiT ver SeZlos erTi partiisTvis 100 000 larze metis gadaricxva. garda amisa, evrosabWos ministrTa komitetis 2003 wlis 8 aprilis (2003)4 rekomendaciis me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifom unda SezRudos an akrZalos Semowirulebebi ara mxolod im sawarmoebidan, sadac mas wili aqvs, aramed im sawarmoebidanac, romlebic romelime sajaro dawesebulebas saqonels awvdian an momsaxurebas uweven.186 korufciis riskis Sesamcireblad sasurvelia, arCevnebis wina wels da arCevnebis wels saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi gamarjvebul sawarmoebs aekrZaloT Semowirulebis gaReba, xolo politikuri partiis damfinansebel sawarmoebs arCevnebis wels da arCevnebis momdevno wels saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi monawileoba. es ganpirobebulia imiT, rom aseT sawarmoebsa da saxelmwifos pirdapiri finansuri kavSiri aqvT, rac politikur partiasa da bizness Soris ukanono garigebis _ `tenderSi gamarjvebis sanacvlod Semowirulebis~ da `Semowirulebis sanacvlod tenderSi gamarjvebis~ _ risks warmoSobs.
xarjebi xarjebis maqsimumis daweseba saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba politikuri partiebis mier gaweuli xarjebis kontrols ar iTvaliswinebs _ ar izRudeba arc maTi raodenoba da arc miznobrioba (amomrCevelTa mosyidvis akrZalvis garda), Tumca, evrosabWos ministrTa komitetis 2003 wlis 8 aprilis (2003)4 rekomendaciis me-9 muxlis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifom saarCevno kampaniis xarjebis zeda zRvris dawesebis gziT unda moaxdinos politikuri partiebis gadaWarbebuli dafinansebis moTxovnilebebis prevencia.187 saarCevno kampaniis xarjebis maqsimumis dawesebis saWiroebaze miuTiTebs veneciis komisiis mier SemuSavebuli `politikuri partiebis sferoSi saukeTeso gamocdilebis kodeqsic~.188 igi ganmartavs, rom maqsimaluri limitis gansazRvra SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva kriteriumis mixedviT. magaliTad, ungreTsa da irlandiaSi zeda zRvari dawesebulia kandidatebisa da arCevnebis mixedviT, italiaSi ki analogiur zeda zRvars emateba SezRudvebi im kandidatebisTvis, romelTac hyavT warmomadgenlebi Sesabamis organoSi. zogierT qveyanaSi maqsimumad konkretuli odenobis Tanxaa gansazRvruli (magaliTad, portugaliaSi 3 mln evro nebismieri saarCevno ciklisTvis), qveynebis nawili ki zeda zRvars raime cvlads ukavSirebs (magaliTad, safrangeTi da latvia mosaxleobis an amomrCevelTa raodenobas, litva minimalur xelfass).189 185
186
187
188 189
ix. nawili 2. saarCevno kampaniis dafinanseba. qveTavi `2010 wels politikuri gaerTianebebis angariSebze ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebi~. evrosabWos ministrTa komitetis 2003 wlis 8 aprilis (2003)4 rekomendacia. https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=2183&BackColorInternet=9999CC& BackColorIntranet=FFBB55&BackColorLogged=FFAC75 evrosabWos ministrTa komitetis 2003 wlis 8 aprilis (2003)4 rekomendacia. https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=2183&BackColorInternet=9999CC& BackColorIntranet=FFBB55&BackColorLogged=FFAC75 `politikuri partiebis sferoSi saukeTeso gamocdilebis kodeqsi~. http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/2006/CDL-EL(2006)035rev-e.asp?PrintVersion=True detaluri informaciisTvis ixileT danarTis cxrili #21 `saarCevno sistemebis saerTaSoriso fondi~ (IFES), `politikuri partiebis dafinanseba globaluri gamocdileba~, sxvadasxva qveynebSi arsebuli kampaniis xarjebis maqsimumis Sesaxeb.
65
saqarTveloSi saarCevno kampaniisaTvis usazRvrod didi Tanxebi ixarjeba. arCevnebis organizebisTvis saxelmwifo biujetidan gamoyofili Tanxebis paralelurad, saarCevno kampaniisaTvis daxarjuli resursebi mniSvnelovnad izrdeba partiebis mier fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebisgan moziduli TanxebiT. am mxriv, rogorc wesi, mmarTveli partia gamoirCeva. amis adasturebs 2008 da 2010 wlebis arCevnebis dros mmarTveli partiis dafinansebis Sedareba opoziciuri partiebis dafinansebasTan: 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebze mixeil saakaSvilis saarCevno kampaniis fondidan daaxloebiT 31-jer meti daixarja, vidre yvelaze meti Semosavlis mqone opoziciuri kandidatis (levan gaCeCilaZis) fondidan (ufaso politikuri reklamebis gamoklebiT). imave wlis saparlamento arCevnebze mmarTveli partiis fondi 17,5-jer meti iyo yvelaze meti dafinansebis mqone opoziciuri partiis (`saqarTvelos respublikuri partiis~) fondze, xolo 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ fondi 14,7-jer aRemateboda yvelaze meti dafinansebis mqone politikuri gaerTianebis (`mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~) fonds. mizanSewonilia SeizRudos saarCevno kampaniisaTvis fulis xarjva xarjebis zeda zRvris dawesebis gziT. unda daiwyos diskusia saxelisuflebo, arasaxelisuflebo Tu sxva sazogadoebriv jgufebs Soris, raTa ganisazRvros saarCevno kampaniis xarjebis zRvruli odenobis dadgenis iseTi kriteriumi, romelic uzrunvelyofs ufro samarTliani saarCevno garemos Seqmnas saqarTveloSi.
66
danarTi Annex 67
68
nawili 1 Part partiebis yovelwliuri dafinanseba Annual Party Finance
diagrama #1: saxelmwifo biujetidan partiaTa pirdapiri dafinansebis ganawileba, 2009 weli Figure No.1: Percentage Indicators for Direct Party Financing from State Budget.
6%
2% 2%2%2%2% 2% 9%
6%
14%
2% 2%
43% 6%
axali memarjveneebi New Rights
Tavisufleba Freedom
saqarTvelos leiboristuli partia Georgian Labour Party
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia Georgian Conservative Party
qarTuli dasi Kartuli Dasi
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
qristian demokratebi ChristianDemocratic Movement
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
erovnuli sabWo National Council
moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis Movement for United Georgia
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
xalxis partia People's Party
69
diagrama #2. axali memarjveneebis Semosavlebi 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.2: Revenues of New Right in 2007-2010
180 180 aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
150
172
171
155
120 109
90 79
60
105
79
30
36 24
10 10
0 2007
saxelmwifo biujeti State Budget
2009
2008
Semowirulebebi Donations
sawevro Senatanebi Membership Fees
2010
Semowirulebebi kampaniis fondSi Donations to Election Fund
fondis miznobrivi dafinanseba Targeted Financing from Fund
diagrama #3. erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis Semosavlebi 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.3: Revenues of United National Movement in 2007-2010
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
24000 22000 20000 18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0
22986
14224 12479
9155
1854
1593 2007
saxelmwifo biujeti State Budget
70
13093
Semowirulebebi Donations
2094
1827 2008
sawevro Senatanebi Membership Fees
496
214 2009
Semowirulebebi kampaniis fondSi Donations to Election Fund
2010
fondis miznobrivi dafinanseba Targeted Financing from Fund
diagrama #4. konservatiuli partiis Semosavlebi 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.4: Revenues of Conservative Party in 2007-2010 350 300
311 285
250 aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
249
200 150 100
117
107 86
50
2007
saxelmwifo biujeti State Budget
17
2
0 2008
Semowirulebebi Donations
7
2009
2010
sawevro Senatanebi Membership Fees
Semowirulebebi kampaniis fondSi Donations to Election Fund
fondis miznobrivi dafinanseba Targeted Financing from Fund
diagrama #5. Cven TviTon Semosavlebi 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.5: Revenues of We Ourselves in 2007-2010 160 153
140 120 100 aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
91
94
80 60 44
40 24
20 0 2008
saxelmwifo biujeti State Budget
Semowirulebebi Donations
2009
sawevro Senatanebi Membership Fees
2009
Semowirulebebi kampaniis fondSi Donations to Election Fund
fondis miznobrivi dafinanseba Targeted Financing from Fund
71
diagrama #6. qristian demokratiuli partiis Semosavlebi 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.6: Revenues of Christian-Democratic Movement in 2007-2010 600
600
575
574
500 aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
400 300 267
242
200
214
204
100 59 39
0 2008
saxelmwifo biujeti State Budget
1
2009
Semowirulebebi Donations
sawevro Senatanebi Membership Fees
2010
Semowirulebebi kampaniis fondSi Donations to Election Fund
fondis miznobrivi dafinanseba Targeted Financing from Fund
diagrama #7. mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Semosavlebi 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.7: Revenues of Industry Will Save Georgia in 2007-2010
300 290
250 249
240 aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
200 171
150 100
107
50 0 2007
saxelmwifo biujeti State Budget
72
Semowirulebebi Donations
2008
sawevro Senatanebi Membership Fees
2009
Semowirulebebi kampaniis fondSi Donations to Election Fund
2010
fondis miznobrivi dafinanseba Targeted Financing from Fund
diagrama #8. respublikuri partiis Semosavlebi 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.8. Revenues of Republican Party in 2007-2010 300 285
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
250
249
200 176
150 100
117
107 78
86
50 30 10
0
4
2007
saxelmwifo biujeti State Budget
1
1
2009
2008
Semowirulebebi Donations
sawevro Senatanebi Membership Fees
2010
Semowirulebebi kampaniis fondSi Donations to Election Fund
fondis miznobrivi dafinanseba Targeted Financing from Fund
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
diagrama #9. saqarTvelos gzis Semosavlebi 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.9: Revenues of GeorgiaÂ’s Way in 2007-2010
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
94
36 24 11 2009
2008
saxelmwifo biujeti State Budget
Semowirulebebi Donations
sawevro Senatanebi Membership Fees
Semowirulebebi kampaniis fondSi Donations to Election Fund
2010
fondis miznobrivi dafinanseba Targeted Financing from Fund
73
diagrama #10. xalxis partiis Semosavlebi 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.10: Revenues of PeopleÂ’s Party in 2007-2010 80 79
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
60 44
40 24
20 17
15
0 2008
saxelmwifo biujeti State Budget
2009
Semowirulebebi Donations
sawevro Senatanebi Membership Fees
2010
Semowirulebebi kampaniis fondSi Donations to Election Fund
fondis miznobrivi dafinanseba Targeted Financing from Fund
diagrama #11: partiebis mier gaweuli xarji Sromis anazRaurebaze 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.11: Salary Expenses of Parties in 2007-2010
600 2007
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
500
2008
2009
2010
400 300 200 100 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
74
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia Georgian Conservative Party
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
qristian demokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
xalxis partia People's Party
diagrama #12: partiebis mier gaweuli xarji mivlinebaze 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.12: Expenditures of Parties on Business Trips in 2007-2010 300 2007
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
250
2008
2009
2010
200 150 100 50 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia Georgian Conservative Party
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
qristian demokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
xalxis partia People's Party
diagrama #13: partiebis mier gaweuli xarji ofisis xarjebze 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.13: Expenditures of Parties on Office Expenses in 2007-2010
1200 2007
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
1000
2008
2009
800 600 400 200 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia Georgian Conservative Party
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
qristian demokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
xalxis partia People's Party
75
diagrama #14: partiebis mier gaweuli xarji momsaxurebaze 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.14: Expenditures of Parties on Services in 2007-2010 2 997 534
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
100 90
2007
915
2008
2009
2010
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia Georgian Conservative Party
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
qristian demokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
xalxis partia People's Party
diagrama #15: partiebis mier gaweuli xarji saarCevno kampaniaze 2007-2010 ww. Figure No.15: Expenditures of Parties on Election Campaign in 2007-2010 32 186 21 319 14 009
700
2007
600
2008
2009
2010
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
500 400 300 200 100 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
76
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia Georgian Conservative Party
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
qristian demokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
xalxis partia People's Party
nawili 2 Part saarCevno kampaniis dafinanseba Election Campaign Financing
diagrama #16: SemomwirvelTa raodenoba 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebze Figure No.16: Number of Donors for 2008 Presidential Elections
140 120
piri/Person
100 80 60 40 20 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
upartio fizikuri pirebi Non Party-Members
partiis wevrebi Party Members
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
iuridiuli pirebi Legal Entities
Tavisufleba (levan gaCeCilaZe) Freedom (Levan Gachechiladze)
ufaso politikuri reklama Free Political Ad
partia Party
77
diagrama #17: Semowirulebebis raodenoba SemomwirvelTa mixedviT 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebze Figure No.17: Amount of Donation by Type of Donor for 2008 Presidential Election 14000 12000
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
upartio fizikuri pirebi Non Party-Members
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
partiis wevrebi Party Members
Tavisufleba (levan gaCeCilaZe) Freedom (Levan Gachechiladze)
iuridiuli pirebi Legal Entities
ufaso politikuri reklama Free Political Ad
partia Party
cxrili #1: ceskos mier dadgenili forma saarCevno xarjebisaTvis1 Table No.1: Election Campaign Expenditures Form approved by CEC1 #
xarjebis dasaxeleba Type of Expenditure
1.
Sromis anazRaureba/Salaries
010100
2.
damqiraveblidan anaricxebi/EmployerÂ’s Tax Payments
010200
3.
mivlineba/Business trips
010300
4. 4.1
010400
4.6
sxva saqoneli da momsaxureba/Other goods and services sareklamo rgolebi (maT Soris, damzadeba) Publicities (inc, creation) reklama presaSi da bilbordebi (maT Soris, damzadeba) Publicity in Press and on Billboards (inc, creation) masobrivi RonisZiebebi (sajaro Sexvedrebi moqalaqeebTan, darbazis daqiraveba, koncertebis mowyoba da sxv.) Public Events (public meetings with citizens, renting halls, organizing concerts, etc) beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba (plakatebi, winasaarCevno mowodebebi da sxv.) Creation of Printed agitation materials (posters, pre-election slogans, etc) sociologiuri gamokiTxva, konsultaciebi da sxva saarCevno kvlevebi Sociological inquiries, consultations and other researches sxva xarjebi / Other expenses
5.
kapitaluri xarjebi / Capital Expenditures
4.2 4.3
4.4
4.5
xarjebis kodi ekonomikuri klasifikaciis mixedviT Code of Expenditure according to economic Classification
Tanxa (larebSi) Money (in GEL)
sul xarjebi / Sum 1
78
saqarTvelos centraluri saarCevno komisiis 2003 wlis 4 oqtomrbis gankarguleba #58/2003. ix. http://www.cec.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id =GEO &sec_id=62&info_id=6220. CEC October 4, 2003 order No.58/2003. See http://www.cec.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=GEO&sec_id=62&info_id=6220 (Georgian only)
diagrama #18: saarCevno fondebis xarjebi 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebze Figure No.18: 2008 Presidential Election Expenditures 12 469 4000 3500
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Sromis anazRaureba Remuneration
sareklamo rgolebi Campaign Videos
axali memarjveneebi New Rights
reklama presaSi Advertisments in press and on Billboards
masobrivi RonisZiebebi Public Events
beWduri saagitacio masalebi Printing agitation materials
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
sociologiuri gamokiTxvebi, kvlevebi Sociologic Enquires
sxva xarjebi Other Expenses
kapitaluri xarjebi Capital Expenses
Tavisufleba (levan gaCeCilaZe) Freedom (Levan Gachechiladze)
diagrama #19: SemomwirvelTa raodenoba 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebze Figure No.19: Number of Donors for 2008 Parliamentary Elections 50 45 40
piri/Person
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
upartio fizikuri pirebi Non Party-Members
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
partiis wevrebi Party Members
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
iuridiuli pirebi Legal Entities
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
partia Party
79
diagrama #20: Semowirulebebis raodenoba SemomwirvelTa mixedviT 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebze Figure No.20: Amount of Donation by Type of Donor for 2008 Parliamentary Elections 9 494 3000
piri/Person
2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
upartio fizikuri pirebi Non Party-Members
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
partiis wevrebi Party Members
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
iuridiuli pirebi Legal Entities
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
partia Party
cxrili #2: 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis Semdgomi periodis Semomwirvelebi Table No.2: Post-Election Donors on 2008 Parliamentary Elections politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
fizikuri pirebi Individuals
m.S. partiis wevrebi am. Party Members
iuridiuli pirebi Legal Entities
partia Party
jami Sum
2
1
0
0
2
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
0
ar aris xelmisawvdomi2 Not Available2
0
0
0
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
1
1
0
1
2
respublikuri partia The Republican Party
7
5
0
1
8
qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party
0
0
0
0
0
gaerTianebuli opozicia United Opposition
*
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
2
80
ix. sqolio 66 See footnote 66
cxrili #3: 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis Semdgomi periodis Semowirulebebi Table No.3: Donations after the 2008 Parliamentary Elections politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
fizikuri pirebi Individuals
m.S. partiis wevrebi am. Party Members
24 750.00
15 000.00
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
gaerTianebuli opozicia United Opposition
respublikuri partia The Republican Party qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party *
iuridiuli pirebi Legal Entities
partia Party
jami Sum
_
_
24 750.00
_
ar aris xelmisawvdomi3 Not Available3
_
_
_
7 000.00
7 000.00
_
21 784.45
28 784.45
58 354.00
30 574.00
_
17 653.50
76 007.50
_
_
_
_
_
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
cxrili #4: 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebze ganxorcielebuli fuladi da arafuladi Semowirulebebis ganmaxorcieleblebi4 Table No.4: Financial and non-financial donations on 2008 Parliamentary Elections4 politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
fuladi (f.p) Financial (indiv.)
arafuladi (f.p) Non-financial (indiv)
fuladi (i.p) Financial (l.e.)
arafuladi (i.p) Non-financial (l.e.)
jami Sum
gaerTianebuli opozicia United Opposition
24
0
0
0
24
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
27
2
45
1
75
5
0
3
1
9
respublikuri partia The Republican Party
25
10
4
3
42
qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party
13
0
0
0
13
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
*
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
3
ix. sqolio 66 See footnote 66 ix. sqolio 78 See footnote 78
4
81
cxrili #5: 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebze ganxorcielebuli fuladi da arafuladi Semowirulebebis odenobebi Table No.5: Amount of financial and non-financial donations on 2008 Parliamentary Elections politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
fuladi (f.p) Financial (indiv.)
arafuladi (f.p) Non-financial (indiv)
fuladi (i.p) Financial (l.e.)
arafuladi (i.p) Non-financial (l.e.)
jami Sum
gaerTianebuli opozicia United Opposition
481 790.00
_
_
_
481 790.00
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
147 150.00
10 255.00
10 287 427.00
1 496 965.68
11 941 797.68
43 013.00
_
49 650.00
11 784.45
104 447.45
273 734.00
56 264.44
310 000.00
42 386.31
682 384.75
241 569.40
_
_
_
241 569.40
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia respublikuri partia The Republican Party qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party *
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
cxrili #6: 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis saarCevno fondebis xarjebi (nawili 1) Table No.6: Election Campaign Fund Expenditures on 2008 Parliamentary Elections (part 1) politikuri gaerTianeba Political
Sromis anazRaureba Remuneration
Party
damqiraveblidan anaricxebi Employer Tax
sareklamo rgolebi Campaign Videos
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi Publicity in Press
Transfers
(inc, creation)
and on Billboards
masobrivi RonisZiebebi Public Events
(inc, creation)
gaerTianebuli opozicia United Opposition
0.00
294.00
57 320.00
16 299.00
89 342.00
United National Movement mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
385 876.00
0.00
8 074 919.00
579 639.00
387 600.00
Industry Will Save Georgia
675.00
225.00
6 990.00
26 555.84
475.00
166 285.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
26 351.68
10 796.52
3 700.00
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
respublikuri partia The Republican Party5
5
qristian-demokratiuli partia6 Christian-Democratic Party6 *
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
5
6
82
respublikuri partiis mier warmodgenil angariSSi ar iyo asaxuli xarjebi klasifikaciis mixedviT. Tumca darTuli iyo xarjebis detaluri CamonaTvali. In the Republican Party s report, expenditures were not shown with classifications. However, there was detailed expenditure log attached. qristian-demokratebs xarvezi hqondaT angariSis SedgenaSi. kerZod, sxva saqoneli da momsaxureba, romelic moicavs ramdenime tipis xarjs, calke hqondaT aRricxuli. Tumca, verc auditma da verc finansuri monitoringis jgufma es ver SeniSna. Cven es Tanxa `sxva xarjebSi~ gadavitaneT. Christian-Democratic Party had an error in drafting report. In particular, other goods and services that contains several types of expenditures, was registered as a separate expenditure. However, neither audit, nor Financial Monitoring Group noticed it. We put this amount in other expanses graph.
cxrili #7: 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis saarCevno fondebis xarjebi (nawili 2) Table No.7: Election Campaign Fund Expenditures on 2008 Parliamentary Elections (part 2) politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba Printed agitation materials
socialuri gamokiTxva, konsultaciebi Sociological inquiries, consultations and other researches
sxva xarjebi Other Expenses
kapitaluri xarjebi Capital Expenses
sul xarjebi Sum
gaerTianebuli opozicia United Opposition
121 280.00
510.00
194 265.00
0.00
479 310.00
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
457 805.00
1 122Â 633.00
1 079 822.00
3 499.00
12 091 793.00
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
15 523.90
1 463.34
436.35
575.67
52 920.10
0.00
0.00
417 448.78
0.00
583 734.00
38 588.21
0.00
159 067.40
1 927.00
240 430.81
respublikuri partia The Republican Party qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party *
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
diagrama #21: 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis saarCevno fondebis xarjebi Figure No.21: Election Campaign Fund Expenditures on 2008 Parliamentary Elections
1400 1200
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
1000 800 600 400 200 0 Sromis anazRaureba Remuneration
axali memarjveneebi New Rights
damqiraveblidan anaricxebi Employer Tax Transfers
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
sareklamo rgolebi Campaign Videos
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi Publicity in Press and on Billboards
masobrivi RonisZiebebi Public Events
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
beWduri sociologiuri saagitacio gamokiTxvebi, masalebi kvlevebi Printed agitation Sociological materials inquiries, consultations and other researches
qristian demokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
sxva xarjebi Other Expenses
kapitaluri xarjebi Capital Expenses
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
83
diagrama #22: SemomwirvelTa raodenoba 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze Figure No.22: Number of Donors for 2010 Local Elections
70 60 piri/Person
50 40 30 20 10 0 aliansi saqarTvelosTvis Aliance for Georgia
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
upartio fizikuri pirebi Non Party-Members
erovnuli sabWo National Council
partiis wevrebi Party Members
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
iuridiuli pirebi Legal Entities
qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
partia Party
diagrama #23: Semowirulebebis raodenoba SemomwirvelTa mixedviT 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze Figure No.23: Amount of Donations by Type of Donor for 2010 Local Government Elections
14000 aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 aliansi saqarTvelosTvis Aliance for Georgia
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
upartio fizikuri pirebi Non Party-Members
84
erovnuli sabWo National Council
partiis wevrebi Party Members
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
iuridiuli pirebi Legal Entities
qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
partia Party
cxrili #8: 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis Semdeg arsebuli Semomwirvelebi Sheet No.8: Post-Election Donors on 2010 Local Elections politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
fizikuri pirebi Individuals
m.S. partiis wevrebi am. Party Members
iuridiuli pirebi Legal Entities
partia Party
17
2
0
0
17
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
0
ar aris xelmisawvdomi7 Not Available 7
9
0
9
erovnuli sabWo National Council
1
1
0
0
1
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
0
0
0
0
0
qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party
3
0
0
0
3
aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis Alliance for Georgia
*
jami Sum
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
cxrili #9: 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis Semdgom ganxorcielebuli Semowirulebebi Sheet No.9: Donations after 2010 Local Elections politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis Alliance for Georgia
fizikuri pirebi
m.S. partiis wevrebi
iuridiuli pirebi
partia
jami
Individuals
am. Party Members
Legal Entities
Party
Sum
26 285.24
10 680.00
_
_
26 285.24
_
ar aris xelmisawvdomi8 Not Available 8
600 000.00
508.50
508.50
_
_
508.50
_
_
_
_
0.00
62 222.00
_
_
_
62 222.00
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement erovnuli sabWo National Council mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
_ 600 000.00
qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party *
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
7
8
ix. sqolio 66 See footnote 66 ix. sqolio 66 See footnote 66
85
cxrili #10: 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze fuladi da arafuladi Semowirulebebis ganmaxorcieleblebi9 Sheet No.10: Financial and Non-Financial Donations 2010 Local Elections9 politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
fuladi (f.p) Financial (indiv.)
arafuladi (f.p) Non-financial (indiv)
fuladi (i.p) Financial (l.e.)
arafuladi (i.p) Non-financial (l.e.)
jami Sum
38
38
2
1
79
0
2
10
0
12
5
4
1
1
11
5
0
2
8
15
16
0
0
4
20
arafuladi (i.p) Non-financial (l.e.)
jami Sum
aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis
Alliance for Georgia erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
United National Movement erovnuli sabWo
National Council mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
Industry Will Save Georgia qristian-demokratiuli partia
Christian-Democratic Party *
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
cxrili #11: 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebze fuladi da arafuladi Semowirulebebis odenobebi Sheet No.11: Amount of Financial and Non-Financial Donations 2010 Local Elections
politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
fuladi (f.p) Financial (indiv.)
arafuladi (f.p) Non-financial (indiv)
fuladi (i.p) Financial (l.e.)
92 570.20
41 812.19
12 000.00
1 000.00
147 382.39
_
523.00
_
14 112 888.80
14 113 411.80
72 638.50
8 785.00
44 150.00
50 835.00
176 408.50
101 177.00
_
106 930.00
750 000.00
958 107.00
246 631.00
_
_
400 000.00
646 631.00
aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis
Alliance for Georgia erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba
United National Movement erovnuli sabWo
National Council mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos
Industry Will Save Georgia qristian-demokratiuli partia
Christian-Democratic Party *
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
9
86
ix. sqolio 78 See footnote 78
cxrili #12: 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis partiaTa saarCevno fondebis xarjebi (nawili 1) Sheet No.12: Election Campaign Fund Expenditures on 2010 Local Elections (part 1) politikuri gaerTianeba Political
Sromis anazRaureba Remuneration
damqiraveblidan anaricxebi Employer Tax
sareklamo rgolebi Campaign Videos
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi Publicity in Press
Transfers
(inc, creation)
and on Billboards
Party
masobrivi RonisZiebebi Public Events
(inc, creation)
aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis Alliance for Georgia erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
0.00
0.00
37 714.44
4 959.00
780.92
609 620.00
2 830.00
10 130 600.00
493 812.00
730 229.00
0.00
0.00
8 785.00
0.00
0.00
6 060.00
3 698.60
0.00
4 079.57
6 800.00
0.00
0.00
417 680.48
102 581.85
21 750.00
erovnuli sabWo National Council mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party *
wyaro: ceskosgan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
cxrili #13: 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis saarCevno partiaTa fondebis xarjebi (nawili 2) Sheet No.13: Election Campaign Fund Expenditures on 2010 Local Elections (part 2) politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
beWduri saagitacio masalebis damzadeba Printed agitation materials
socialuri gamokiTxva, konsultaciebi Sociological inquiries, and other consultations researches
sxva xarjebi Other Expenses
sul xarjebi Sum
79 112.20
12 000.00
2 020.52
136 587.08
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
629 967.00
351 474.00
1 059 918.00
14 008 450.00
erovnuli sabWo National Council
147 967.00
0.00
103 417.00
260 169.00
44 064.95
0.00
143 330.18
208 033.30
71 369.35
0.00
70 187.62
683 569.30
S
aliansi saqarTvelosaTvis Alliance for Georgia
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party *
wyaro: ceskosgan miRebuli politikuri partiebis angariSebi Source: Political Party Reports received from CEC
87
diagrama #24: 2010 wlis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis partiaTa saarCevno fondebis xarjebi Figure No.24: Election Campaign Fund Expenditures on 2010 Local Elections 1400 1200
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
1000 800 600 400 200 0 Sromis anazRaureba Remuneration
aliansi saqarTvelosTvis Aliance for Georgia
88
mivlineba Business Trips
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
sareklamo rgolebi Campaign Videos
reklama presaSi da bilbordebi Publicity in Press and on Billboards
erovnuli forumi National Council
masobrivi RonisZiebebi Public Events
beWduri saagitacio masalebi Printed agitation materials
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
sociologiuri gamokiTxvebi, kvlevebi Sociological inquiries, consultations and other researches
sxva xarjebi Other Expenses
qristian demokratiuli moZraoba Christian-Democratic Movement
nawili 3 Part saarCevno siebis monitoringi Voters List Monitoring
diagrama #25: partiebis mier wardgenili biujetidan gamoyofili Tanxebis angariSi Figure No.25: Spending of State Funding by Parties for Monitoring
100 90
aTasi lari/Thousand GEL
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 axali memarjveneebi New Rights
Sromis anazRaureba da saSemosavlo gadasaxadi Salaries and Income Taxes in Budget
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
anazRaurebuli mivlinebis xarjebi Refunded Business Trips
saqarTvelos respublikuri partia Georgian Republican Party
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
saqoneli da momsaxureba Goods and Servicies
qarTuli dasi Kartuli Dasi
sxvadasxva xarji Various Expanses
qristiandemokratiuli moZraoba ChristianDemocratic Movement
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
kapitaluri xarjebi Capital Expanses
89
cxrili #14: politikuri gaerTianebebis mier SerCeuli monitoringis meTodologia Table No.14: Methodology selected by Parties for Monitoring politikuri gaerTianeba
kardakar
cxeli xazi
Political Party
Door-by-Door
Hot-line
axali memarjveneebi New Rights
X
Tavisufleba Freedom
araa miTiTebuli10 Not indicated10
konservatiuli partia Conservative Party
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
monacemTa bazis analizi Analysis of Data Base
statistikis departamentis monacemebis siasTan Sedareba Comparing List to Data of Department of Statistics
2010 wlis siis bolo ori arCevnebis siasTan Sedareba Comparing 2010 List to two former elections Lists
X
X
X
X
X
X
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
respublikuri partia Republican Party
X
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
X
X
X
qarTuli dasi Kartuli Dasi
X
X
X
qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party
*
X
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
kompiuteruli programiT siis analizi Analysis of List with Computer Programme
X
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
X
xalxis partia Peoples Party
X
X
wyaro: ceskosgan miRebuli informacia Source: FOI received from CEC
cxrili #15: partiebis mier monitoringis procesisaTvis gamoyenebuli aqtivistebis raodenoba Table No.15: Number of Activists Involved by Parties in Monitoring politikuri gaerTianeba Political Party
aqtivistebis raodenoba Tbiliss gareT Number of Activists outside Tbilisi
aqtivistebis raodenoba TbilisSi Number of Activists in Tbilisi
jami Sum
845
771
1 616
0
250
250
axali memarjveneebi New Rights erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement respublikuri partia Republican Party
1057
1060
2 117
qarTuli dasi Kartuli Dasi
_
_
285
qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party
_
_
122
*
wyaro: ceskosgan miRebuli informacia Source: FOI received from CEC
10
politikurma gaerTianebebma `Tavisufleba~, `konservatiuli partia~ da `mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ ceskos informacia miawodes etapobrivad _ werilebis saSualebiT. maT ar warudgeniaT saboloo angariSi da ar usargebliaT ceskos SeTavazebuli formiT. Sesabamisad, Cvens xelT araa informacia maT mier gamoyenebuli meTodologiis Sesaxeb. The Freedom party, the Conservatives Party, and Industry saves Georgia delivered information to CEC gradually, via letters. They did not deliver final report and did not use the form proposed by CEC. Hence, we do not have information about the methodology they used.
90
cxrili #16. partiebis mier ganxorcielebuli monitoringis geografia (nawili 1) Table No.16: Geography of Monitoring Selected by Parties (Part 1) partia
Tbilisi
kaxeTi
Sida qarTli
qvemo qarTli
samcxe-javaxeTi
mcxeTa-mTianeTi
Political Party
Tbilisi
Kakheti
Shida-Kartli
Kvemo Kartli
Samtskhe-Javakheti
Mtsketa-Mtianeti
axali memarjveneebi New Rights
yvela olqi All Districts11
Telavi-2 ubani, sagarejo-9, gurjaani-3, siRnaRi-8, dedofliswyaro-3, lagodexi-3, yvareli-3, axmeta-5 Telavi-2 Precincts, Sagarejo-9, Gurjaani-3, Sighnaghi-8, Dedoflis tskaro-3, Lagodekhi-3, Kvareli-3, Akhmeta-5
gori-3 ubani, kaspi-3, qareli-3, xaSuri-10 Gori-3 Precincts, Kaspi-3, Kareli-3, Khashuri-10
rusTavi-13 ubani, gardabani-3, marneuli-4, bolnisi-2, dmanisi-2, walka-5, TeTriwyaro-4 Rustavi-13 Precincts, Gardabani-3, Marneuli-4, Bolnisi-2, Dmanisi-2, Tsalka-5, Tetritskaro-4
axalcixe-3 ubani, borjomi-2, adigeni-2, aspinZa-3 Akhalcikhe-3 Precincts, Borjomi-2, Adigeni-2 Aspindza-3
duSeTi-2 ubani, yazbegi-5 Dusheti-2 Precincts, Kazbegi-5
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
yvela olqi All Districts
11
Tavisufleba Freedom konservatiuli partia Conservative Party
vake, saburTalo, isani, samgori, CuRureTi, didube Vake, Saburtalo, Isani, Samgori, Chughureti, Didube
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
yvela olqi All Districts
respublikuri partia Republican Party
yvela olqi All Districts
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia.
vake, saburTalo, didube Vake, Saburtalo, Didube
qarTuli dasi Kartuli Dasi
qristiandemokratiuli partia ChristianDemocratic Party
mTawminda, vake, saburTalo, samgori, naZaladevi, gldani Mtatsminda, Vake, Saburtalo, Samgori, Nadzaladevi, Gldani
gori, qareli Gori, Kareli
yvela olqi All Districts
xalxis partia PeoplesÂ’ Party
yvela olqi All Districts
rusTavi, gardabani Rustavi, Gardabani
axalqalaqi Akhalkalaki
qareli Kareli
gardabani, bolnisi Gardabani,Bolnisi
sagarejo Sagarejo
Tbilisi Tbilisi
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
*
11
rusTavi Rustavi
TianeTi, duSeTi, yazbegi Tianeti, Dusheti, Kazbegi
qareli Kareli
Telavi Telavi
xaSuri Khashuri
rusTavi Rustavi
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli informacia. Source: FOI received from CEC yvela olqi moicavs adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebisaTvis gansazRvrul Semdeg olqebs: vake, saburTalo, isani, samgori, mTawminda, naZaladevi, gldani, krwanisi, CuRureTi, didube. All Districts include districts set for Local Government Elections: Vake, Saburtalo, Isani, Samgori, Mtatsminda, Nadzaladevi, Gldani, Krtsanisi, Chughureti, Didube.
91
cxrili #17. partiebis mier ganxorcielebuli monitoringis geografia (nawili 2) Sheet No.17: Geography of Monitoring Selected by Parties (part 2) partia Political Party
axali memarjveneebi New Rights
imereTi Imereti quTaisi-30 ubani, xaragauli-2, Terjola-4, saCxere-6, zestafoni-5, baRdaTi-3, vani-3, samteredia-3, xoni-5, WiaTura-3, tyibuli-3, wyaltubo-2 Kutaisi-30 Precincts, Kharagauli-2, Terjola-4, Sachkhere-6, Zestafoni-5, Baghdati-3, Vani-3, Samteredia-3, Khoni-5, Tchiatura-3, Tkibuli-3, Tskaltubo-2
samegrelo-zemo svaneTi Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti
zugdidi-6 ubani, abaSa5, senaki-3, martvili-5, walenjixa-5, Cxorowyu-2 Zugdidi-6 Precincts, Abasha-5, Senaki-3, Martvili-5, Tsalenjikha-5, Chkhorotsku-2
raWa-leCxumi Racha-Lechkhumi
ambrolauri-2 ubani, oni-2, cageri-2, lentexi-20 Ambrolauri-2 Precincts, Oni-2, Tsageri-2, Lentekhi-20
guria Guria
ozurgeTi-3 ubani, lanCxuTi-4, Coxatauri-2 Ozurgeti-3 Precincts, Lanchkhuti-4, Chokhatauri-2
aWara Adjara
baTumi-20 ubani, qobuleTi-3, qeda-2, Suaxevi-3, xelvaCauri-3, xulo-1 Batumi-20 Precincts, Kobuleti-3, Keda-2, Shuakhevi-3, Khelvachauri -3 , Khulo-1
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement Tavisufleba Freedom konservatiuli partia Conservative Party
wyaltubo Tskaltubo
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
saCxere, WiaTura Sachkhere, Tchiatura
respublikuri partia Republican Party
quTaisi Kutaisi
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia.
lanCxuTi, Coxatauri Lanchkhuti, Chokhatauri
senaki Senaki
qarTuli dasi Kartuli Dasi
Terjola, samtredia, zestafoni Terjola, Samtredia, Zestafoni
martvili, zugdidi, Cxorowyu Martvili, Zugdidi, Chkhorotsku
qristiandemokratiuli partia ChristianDemocratic Party
quTaisi Kutaisi
zugdidi, foTi Zugdidi, Poti
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
zestafoni Zestafoni
xalxis partia PeoplesÂ’ Party
quTaisi Kutaisi
*
92
baTumi Batumi
zugdidi, foTi Zugdidi, Poti
wyaro: ceskodan miRebuli informacia. Source: FOI received from CEC
ambrolauri Ambrolauri
baTumi Batumi
Coxatauri Chokhatauri
qobuleTi Kobuleti baTumi Batumi
cxrili #18: partiebis mier gadamowmebuli amomrCevlebis raodenoba Sheet No.18: Number of Voters Reviewed by Parties politikuri gaerTianeba
gadamowmebuli amomrCevlebi
gadamowmebuli amomrCevlebi
jami
Tbiliss gareT Reviewed Voters outside Tbilisi
TbilisSi Reviewed Voters in Tbilisi
Sum
274 327
240 485
514 812
ar gadaumowmebia Tbiliss gareT Did no review outside Tbilisi
580 348
580 348
Tavisufleba Freedom
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
ar gadaumowmebia TbilisSi Did not review in Tbilisi
_
konservatiuli partia Conservative Party
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
_
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
_
respublikuri partia Republican Party
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
338 796
338 796
7 926
227 302
235 228
561 523
617 575
1 179 098
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
araa miTiTebuli Not indicated
_
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
100 000
xalxis partia PeoplesÂ’ Party
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
220 000
Political Party axali memarjveneebi New Rights erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia qarTuli dasi Kartuli Dasi qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party
*
wyaro: ceskosgan miRebuli informacia Source: FOI received from CEC
93
cxrili #19: partiebis mier TbilisSi da Tbiliss gareT aRmoCenili darRvevebi12 Sheet No.19: Errors Discovered by Parties in Tbilisi and Elsewhere12 politikuri gaerTianeba
xarvezebi Tbiliss gareT
xarvezebi TbilisSi
jami
Errors outside Tbilisi
Errors in Tbilisi
Sum
9 846
30 280
40 126
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement
ar gaukeTebiaT monitoringi Did not conduct Monitoring
41 442
41 442
Tavisufleba Freedom
ar gaukeTebiaT monitoringi 11 465
Did not conduct Monitoring
11 465
konservatiuli partia Conservative Party
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
874
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
14 810
1 076
70 294
71 370
2 225
7 659
10 828
qarTuli dasi Kartuli Dasi
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
3 180
qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
2 05
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
2 394
xalxis partia Peoples Party
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
araa miTiTebuli cal-calke Not indicated Separately
9 014
Political Party axali memarjveneebi13 New Rights13
respublikuri partia Republican Party14
14
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
*
wyaro: ceskosgan miRebuli informacia Source: FOI received from CEC
12
partiebs zogierT SemTxvevaSi jami ar hqondaT sworad miTiTebuli da Cven mier gadaTvlis Semdeg ricxvebi gansxvavebuli iyo. magaliTad, `saqarTvelos gzas~ gamoyofili hqonda Tbilissa da regionSi aRmoCenili xarvezebi, rac jamSi 9 884 iyo, Tumca Tavad xarvezebis dajamebiT 10 828 xarvezi gamodis. In some cases parties did not have the sum indicated correctly and our calculations were different. For instance Georgia s Way had separately indicated errors in Tbilisi and outside it, that was summed as 9 884, but with direct calculations of these two numbers it really is 10 828 errors in sum. `axali memarjveneebis~ monacemebi amoRebulia maT mier CvenTvis mowodebuli angariSidan, ramdenadac ceskoSi `axal memarjveneebs~ da `respublikur partias~ erToblivad hqondaT angariSi wardgenili. The data of New Rights is taken from the report we received from the party, since New Rights and the Republican Party had delivered a joint report to the CEC. `respublikuri partiis~ angariSi gaerTianebuli iyo `axali memarjveneebis~ saboloo angariSTan da es monacemi, SesaZloa, asaxavdes axali memarjveneebis~ mier aRmoCenil xarvezebsac. Report of the Republican Party was merged with that of New Rights, so it could also include the data of New Rights.
13
14
94
cxrili #20: ceskos mier warmodgenili saboloo angariSis mixedviT gakeTebuli reagireba15 Sheet No.20: Reaction by CEC According to Its Final Report15 politikuri gaerTianeba
gasworebuli monacemis jami
partiebis monacemebSi uzustobis jami
Sum of corrected information
Sum of Mistakes in PartiesÂ’ Data
Political Party axali memarjveneebi New Rights
gaerTianebulia respublikelebTan United with Republican Party
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba United National Movement Tavisufleba Freedom konservatiuli partia Conservative Party
12 305
25 963
realuri Sedegi ucnobia Real result unknown 222
276
mrewveloba gadaarCens saqarTvelos Industry Will Save Georgia
1 112
1 830
respublikuri partia Republican Party
9 195
21 615
saqarTvelos gza Way of Georgia
1 985
3 247
qarTuli dasi Kartuli Dasi
163
96
qristian-demokratiuli partia Christian-Democratic Party
412
1 369
Cven TviTon We Ourselves
657
596
xalxis partia PeoplesÂ’ Party
965
3 009
*
wyaro: ceskos veb-gverdidan miRebuli informacia Source: Information acquired from CEC web-page.
15
http://www.cec.gov.ge/files/archevnebi%202010/saarchevno%20siebi/Report_Siebis_Monitring_Final.pdf
95
nawili 4 Part rekomendaciebi Recommendations
cxrili #21 `saarCevno sistemebis saerTaSoriso fondi~ (IFES), `politikuri partiebis dafinanseba globaluri gamocdileba~, sxvadasxva qveynebSi arsebuli kampaniis xarjebis maqsimumis Sesaxeb16 Sheet No.21.IFES, Political Finance Regulation: The Global Experience , maximal amount of Election Campaign expances in different countries.16
qveyana
16
96
Country
zeda zRvari partiebis mier gaweul xarjebze Ceiling on party election expenditure
rogoria zeda zRvari What is the ceiling
belgia Belgium
diax, saarCevno ciklze Yes, per election cycle
1 milioni evro EUR 1 million
bulgareTi Bulgaria
diax, saarCevno ciklze Yes, per election cycle
1.5 milionze meti Over EUR 1.5 million
kanada
diax
Canada
Yes
registrirebuli partiebi da kandidatebi ar unda ascdnen saarCevno xarjebs, romelsac daadgens mTavari saarCevno oficeri kanadis saarCevno kanoniT dadgenili formulis mixedviT. Registered political parties and candidates must not exceed the election expense limits calculated by the Chief Electoral Officer under the formulas provided in the Canada Elections Act.
safrangeTi
diax
France
Yes
saprezidento arCevnebze partiam da misma kandidatma SeiZleba daxarjon 16 mln. evroze meti pirvel raundSi, magram meore raundSi araumetes 20 mln. evrosi. saparlamento arCevnebSi, partiisa da kandidatisaTvis dadgenili Weri aris 40 000 evros damatebuli 0.20 evro TiToeul macxovrebelze. In presidential elections, a party and its candidate may spend more than EUR 16 million in the first round and more than EUR 20 million in the second round. For parliamentary elections, both parties and candidates have a ceiling of EUR 40,000 plus more than EUR 0.20 per inhabitant.
saarCevno sistemebis saerTaSoriso fondi (IFES), `politikuri partiebis dafinanseba globaluri gamocdileba~, 19 noemberi, 2009 weli, gv.51 http://www.ifes.org/files/Political_Finance_Regulation_The_Global_Experience.pdf IFES, Political Finance Regulation: The Global Experience , November 19, 2009 p.51 http://www.ifes.org/files Political_Finance_Regulation_ The_Global_ Experience.pdf
qveyana Country
zeda zRvari partiebis mier gaweul xarjebze Ceiling on party election expenditure
rogoria zeda zRvari What is the ceiling
ungreTi
diax
Hungary
Yes
irlandia
diax
Ireland
Yes
italia
diax
Italy
Yes
latvia
diax
Latvia
Yes
litva
diax
Lithuania
Yes
holandia Holand
diax Yes
3.5 milion evroze meti (saprezidento arCevnebSi). More than EUR 3,500,000 (presidential elections).
portugalia Portugal
diax Yes
3,008,600 evro. EUR 3,008,600.
espaneTi
diax
Spain
Yes
ganisazRvreba TiToeuli saarCevno ciklisas finansuri sasamarTlos (general accounting court) mier. per election cycle Established for each electoral cycle by the general accounting court.
gaerTianebuli diax samefo United Kingdom Yes
amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi
ara/diax
United States
No/Yes
zeda zRvari ganisazRvreba kandidatisa da arCevnebis mixedviT. The ceiling is per candidate and per election. zeda zRvari ganisazRvreba kandidatisa da arCevnebis mixedviT. The ceiling is per candidate and per election. zeda zRvari ganisazRvreba kandidatisa da arCevnebis mixedviT.damatebiTi SezRudvebia im partiebisaTvis, romelTac kandidati yvela saarCevno olqSi hyavT. The ceiling is per candidate and per election. There are additional limits for parties that present candidates in all constituencies. saparlamento arCevnebze: 0.20 centasi TiToeul amomrCevelze. For parliamentary elections: 0.20 Centas per voter. mravalolqian saarCevno teritoriaze wardgenil kandidatTaTvis, dadgenili minimaluri xelfasis 1Â 000-magi odenoba. 1,000 times the average minimum wage for a list of candidates in a multi-candidate electoral area.
18,840,000 britanuli funti (es Tanxa gansazRvrulia mxolod partiisaTvis da masSi ar Sedis kandidatis xarjebi). GBP 18,840,000 (This figure is for political parties only and excludes candidate spending). ZiriTadad araa dadgenili SezRudva, magram aris zRvari zogierT adgilobriv arCevnebze da nebayoflobiTi zRvari saprezidento arCevnebisaTvis. Generally no limits but there are limits for certain local elections and voluntary limits for the presidential election.
97
saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba - saqarTvelo Tbilisi 0108, rusTavelis gamz. 26 tel.:+(995 32) 292 14 03, (995 32) 299 93 35 baTumi 6000, 26 maisis q. 34a tel.: +(995 422) 29 44 88 Transparency International - Georgia Tbilisi 0108, Georgia 26, Rustaveli Ave. Tel: +(995 32) 292 14 03, (995 32) 299 93 35 Batumi 6000, Georgia 34a 26 May str. Tel.: +(995 422) 29 44 88
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