TAO TAO PORTFOLIO
2014-2015
The University of Edinburgh
MA
CONTENT
01
RATE YOUR CYCLE ROUTES
01
02
WAVE FIELD
10
03
MELTING BOX
17
RATE YOUR CYCLE ROUTES in Inverleith
23/SEP/2014-28/DEC/2014
This is a project which we cooperate with Edinburgh City Council. Our aim is to ecourage more people who live in Inverleith(One district of Edinburgh) to cycle more.
There are mainly two parts in this project: Fast Hackathon and Slow Hackathon. Fast Hackathon: It is an event in which designers conduct field trip in Inverleith and identify problems of cycling and look for ways to solve them within 24 hours.
SLOW HACKATHON VOTEBOX
“
”
What are the Top 3 Considerations when you are cycling?
Slow Hackathon: After having a rough understanding of cycle situation in Inverleith from Fast Hackathon, we continue to research on it and make a proposal in next few months.
1 Data In this part, we will introduce data collection approaches and data analysis.
FAST HACKATHON After Fast Hackathon, we found that there are some certain criterias/ factors influencing how easy and pleasant it is to cycle in Inverleith. Some of them are subjective factors and some are objective. Road Gradient Roadside Scenery
Cycling Signpost Traffic Flow
Road Marking Suface Smoothness
VoteBox is a simple task that can be finished in one minute. People choose three cards from seven stack of cards and throw them into the box.
Result Top three factors
10.9%
Roadside Scenery 24.9%
Traffic Flow
21.2%
Surface Smoothness
23.6%
13.3%
Road Marking
Road Gradient 6.1%
These factors might be our future research priorities.
Cycling Signpost PROJECT
01 02 03
02
QUESTIONNAIRE
BIG MAP All of the questions are some basic questions toward cycling and can be finished by all the people (cyclists / non-cyclists). We distributed them in Inverleith and University Library.
We put a big map on the wall during the Inverleith. community conference. It’s a simple task full of fun and really easy to finish: Use green dots to mark the cycle routes they like; use red dots to mark the cycle routes they dislike. As the outcome shows, we have 2 roads with more positive votes and 2 roads with the most negative roads.
People are mapping the routes they like/dislike. score from 1-10 reprents the degree people care about this factor. 10 represents most important, 1 means least important. Results of Q.8 Cyclability Factors /Average Score
Cyclists
NonCyclists
Overall
Road Marking
9.47
8.00
8.73
Speed Limitation (Motor Vehicle)
5.80
5.87
5.83
Traffic Flow
7.40
6.07
6.73
Cycling Signposts
5.47
6.80
6.13
Road Surface Smoothness
8.47
6.33
7.40
Road Gradient
5.73
6.00
5.87
Calories Consumption
3.67
4.67
4.17
Roadside Scenery
5.73
7.87
6.80
03
PROJECT
01 02 03
2 Cyclability Factors We rate every cyclability factors in the range of 0-100. 0 means the worst condition, while 100 means the best condition. Then we adjust the algorithm by changing the weight of each factor.
Factor 1: Surface Smoothness
How smooth the surface of the road is
Judgement Criteria： We use vibration data (vibrational frequency and amplitude) as the factor to measure the surface smoothness. Data Source： We use the vibration sensor on the bicycle to gather this data. Vibration Coefficient is the standard deviation of X, Y, Z which is the acceleration data of three axes to reperesent the smoothness of the road. The larger the number is, the less smooth the road is.
Factor 2: Traffic Flow
1.Use the traffic volume data from the EdinburghCity Council https://github.com/edinburghlivinglab/cyclehack/tree/master/CEPATS
Judgement Criteria： As the speed and volume of motor vehicles on a road increases, the greater the safety problems faced by cyclists.
2.Use the 20mph Network Consulation http://edinburghcouncilmaps.info/transport/20mphconsultation.htm
Including the traffic volume and vehicle speed.
Data Source： We use 8:00 am -9:00 am peak time traffic volume as the basic data for traffic volume and use the road speed limitation for the measure standard of the vehicle speed.
Traffic volume
Calculate Points (Start from 100) Item
Penalty Point
Vibration Coeffient increase per 0.5
-5
After calculating we found the range of the Vibrating Coeffient is 0-10. So we subtructed 5 points every 0.5 of change in the value.
Speed limitation
3.We filled some gaps in the data by carrying out our own counts Calculate Points (Start from 100) Item
Penalty Points
Traffic volume per 100
-5
Proposed 20 mph –main street
-20
Proposed 20 mph –local street
-10
20 mph
-0
Based on the data we collected, the average traffic volume on 8:00am-9:00am peak time are normally between 200-1900, so the calculation above is a reasonable approach for data discrimination.
PROJECT
01 02 03
04
PARTICIPANTS FIELD TESTING AND EVALUATION
PROPAGANDA OF PROJECT
We got five participants to finish our “testing and evaluation” task in Inverleith.
Flyer
Poster
Task for the participants: · Ride bike on a road (selected from Big Map). · Press the counter button on the bike when they notice cycling signposts · After cycling, fill an evaluation form rating the different elements of the roads with the slider.
Counter Count the cycling signposts
Vibration Sensor
RATE YOUR CYCLE ROUTES IN INVERLEITH
Sense the vibration value of the roads Welcome to our blog: http://d4icanve.wix.com/bicycle
Card Evaluation Form
Persanol website
Bike Computer
Sense the vibration value of the roads the calorie consumption.
05
PROJECT
01 02 03
http://d4itao.wix.com/d4i-tao
Group website
http://d4icanve.wix.com/bicycle
Factor 3: Intersections
Factor 4: Road Marking
Factor 5: Road Marking
Judgement Criteria： All the intersections are divided into 2 types: Big intersections and small intersections.
Judgement Criteria： We use different elements like type, width and color as the basic to give the points. Each charactertistic represents different value of points.
Judgement Criteria： The average tangent value and max tangent value of slopes
The complexity of road joints
Lines, patterns, words or other devices
Data Source： Main roads and local roads can be found in 20mph Network Consultation http://edinburghcouncilmaps.info/transport/20mphconsultation.htm
Data Source： We will use the data mainly based on the field investigation, with the support of data from Edinburgh City Cycling Map and stree view of Google Maps.
Calculate Points (Start from 0) Item
- Local streets
Calculate Points (Start from 100) Point
each big intersection
- 12.5
traffic light
+ 6.25
road marking
+ 6.25
cycle box
We regard big intersections as part of the road. So we adopt similar method to calculate the points as road. For small intersections, we count its numbers on that road.
+ 6.25
T-shape intersection
+ 6.25
each small intersection in the road
- 6.25
Score=100-12.5*X-5*Y+6.25*Z X: the number of big intersection Y: the number of small intersection Z: the number of items of big intersection
Cyecle lane +50
MAX
AVERAGE
Road Data Source： We use altitude website to measure the slope of every road. http://veloroutes.org/bikemaps/
Point no cycle lane
- Main streets
Item
Lines, patterns, words or other devices
0
Cycle lane shared with park area
-20
Cycle lane shared with bus lane
-10
Cycle lane is restricted
+20
Cycle lane <1m
-15
Cycle lane >1m
+15
Coloured area
+15
Cycle path(Only for cyclist)
+100
Calculate Points (Start from 0) Item
Point
Average Grade per 0.5%
-10
Max Grade per 1%
-1
The Inclination of the steepest road in Inverleith is around 5%. We subtract 10 points every 0.5% in average. In some areas the slope may become steep rapidly. We subtract 1 point every 1% of inclination on max slope of road. PROJECT
01 02 03
06
Factor 6: Cycling Post
Number of signposts & how recognizable they are
Judgement Criteria： The number of all the signposts on streets and the number which participant do not notice. Data Source： We counted the number of signage on the road to collect the data in advance. Then we asked our participants to count the number of signage whlie cycling and record by counter. Calculate Points (Start from 100)
3 Algorithm An example is used to explain the algorithm. Basic Algorithm: Algorithm based on VoteBox & Questionnaire: Proportion of each parameter is added. 2
Equation =
Item
Point
Each signpost
+20
Each signpost participant didn’t notice
-10
Each signpost which was poorly visible
-10
Advanced Algorithm: Algorithm after participatant evaluation: Some adjustment to the each point.
[∑ ] n1
Si × t i i=1 k
3
Equation = l ×
[
n1
∑ S × tk ± i=1
i
i
Δ
S
]
l: Calibration cofiicient S:Average difference
Verify the algorithm
t i: The Proportion Coefficient S i: Each parameter’s points k: Adjustment coefficient
Example Road: Raeburn Place
If the number of signpost participants notice is more than 5, then it has full mark-100. The max number of signpost we counted on roads is 5. 100/5=20. We add 20 points to the score of road for each signpost. If participate miss one signpost, 10 points will be subtracted. If the signpost is not easy to be noticed, it loses part of its availability. 10 points will be subtracted for each signpost.
Results of evaluation from 4 participants. Outcome from Advanced Algorthm
t1=19%, t2=21%, t3=27%, t4=15%, t5=12%, t6=6% Assume k=6
Final score = 38.28 07
PROJECT
01 02 03
Participants’ data is also used for evaluation. The trend of two results are similar which means that the algorithm is accurate. Later stage: More data is need to adjust the algorithm. The website will also be used to collet more data(Next part).
4 Website Target user:
Workflow
Score click
Detail
One Road
Tips Rate
Homepage Cyclists - who want to get more information about each road. - who want to change their routine routes and find new roads to cycle.
City Planners - who do the road planning works (such as, improve road surface quality).
Recommendation
Demo Address http://inverleith.roxaswang.com/#
Select
Factor
adjust
Detail
type in
Tips
Outcome
Video Address https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DjP3EiE1Ozc PROJECT
01 02 03
08
4 Website Part of user interface RATE YOUR CYCLE ROUTES
Route recommendation
RATE YOUR CYCLE ROUTES
Route Recommendation
RATE YOUR CYCLE ROUTES
Route Recommendation recommend
What do you care about most? 3 at most
Comely Bank Ave
Comely Bank Ave 1
3.6 / 5.0
Road Smoothness
Traffic Flow
Intersection
Road Gradient
Road Marking
Cycle Signpost
Detail
Detail Road Smoothness
Road Smoothness
?
Traffic Flow
Traffic Flow
Intersection
Intersection
Road Gradient
Road Gradient
Road Marking
Road Marking
Cycling Signpost
Cycling Signpost
?
Tips
?
Show me the results! 2
3
Recommendation
?
Tips Add your tips about this road.
Done!
Click on the road and see the overall score and different aspects of the road
Too few signage!
+225
Rainy days, awful~
+113
Can this road be a little wider??
+67
1
Dean Street
2
Davidson Road
3
Surface Smooth
I want to rate this road!
Adjust the slider and rate the road by yourself.
Select several factors, our website could recommend some roads to you.
Future Work
Finish the information of all the cycle routes in Inverleith (or maybe larger area).
09
PROJECT
01 02 03
Cycle route recommendation would be based on the location of user.
Real-time traffic status (connect with google)
DESIGN WITH DATA
WAVE FIELD Fre - May 2015
It is a project which we cooperate with the National Museum of Scotland(NHS). We are going to visualize data from NHS make it into an artefact.
Theory
Making the internal external
Mereological Nihilism An ancient greek legend, first recorded by Plutarch. Plutarch. "Theseus". The Internet Classics Archive. The most famous ship in Greece. Over the course of its life it has been repaired. Planks, replaced and ropes re-threaded, until there was not one piece of the original ship, not one nail, left. Is it still the same ship?
Theseus's Ship
The Nature of Objects The existence and nature of objects is not as obvious as it may seem. We would be unable to navigate the world and manipulate it in the way that we do, without conceptualising it into objects and attributing them properties. However, Objects do not “exist” in the truest sense of the word, but are a filter, a layer of abstraction, which we place upon the world. Objects only exist in our minds. Our experience of the world creates them. “Mereological nihilism evokes a release from concern over the sea of trivial matters that tie one to shallow existence, and instead leads to a focus only on the immaterial energy that is reality, and which is all human subjective vitalism” - J Grupp - Axiomathes, Mereological nihilism: quantum atomism and the impossibility of material constitution, 2006 - Springer
11
PROJECT
01 02 03
Research Objects only really exist, internally, in our minds. Our experiences of an object and the object itself are one and the same thing. But our internal perceptions guide the way we craft reality, the external. Therefore, we aim to represent the internal reality of objects, in a tangible external form.
Concentration When a person is concentrating on something, they are giving away some forms of data without realizing it. You may not notice that you actually give away many data by simply leaning forward or nod your head.
People are involved in creating visualization The upcoming of interactive data visualizations ensures that the reader isn’t only reading. Due to interactive visualization, the reader can now, despite the fact that it is little, have some agency on creating the story. ---- Narrative Structures in Data Visualizations to Improve Storytelling
Design Idea
A visitors are visiting the museum, processing data, transfer the data all the flowers to Raspberry Pi different scenarios according to 4 Display 1 When 2 After 3 Connect concentration data are collected by to arduino Yun Board which is connectto control them all together. diverse visiting conditions. EEG.
ed to the stepper motor and controls the bloom of flowers.
Inspiration
An object that responds to the observer's attention: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nxJpf5JahjU
PROJECT
01 02 03
12
EEG Device & Brainwaves
Emotive Epoc Device Electrodes can pick up these electrical signals and transmit them to a recording device. Your neurons use electrical impulses to send messages to and through each other. Complicated algorithms can then use signal location and intensity to triangulate the areas of the brain that are active.
Flower prototype
13
PROJECT
01 02 03
1st
2nd
The one-petal flower can bloom. But there is only one tube inside the flower.
It has two tubes and the inner tube rotates. They have relative displacement. We change the shape and the angel of petals, so the petals could twist as the flower blooms.
3D Print Flowers
A
Real -time Scenario The flower blooms and closes based on reat-time concentration data from EEG device immediately.
After building the first flower we want to move in the direction of having many flowers and feeding them with some data we would collect in the museum.
DATA
The flower consists of two layers. The rotating value difference between two layers drives the flower to bloom and twist. Springs make flowers bloom and close easily. Ball bearings connect two layers.
PROJECT
01 02 03
14
Four people are invited to visit the museum with EEG headset on their heads. While they are visiting the exhibits, concentration data in time sequence are collected and transferred to the laptop.
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sto ne at t sto he ne at t e ntr a nc e he bur e ntr a nc ge e , ca e b in me et dal b s, D ani ig she el L ll aid me mo low r ia Ros e W l wall pai e st, t e xt ntin fo a m b g of s h foa oat, p ip mb layi ng o at fo a m b , play in g oat c ab , in e t w playin ith we g p ic ld ku C ly p th ing de eg Bui un lt mo mac h in e de l wa of a s rs h ip ďŹ sh hip m o ero w c de l abi c lo ne th mo e s, ne t v in x t gg lass to wit h
Data Collection & Analysis 1.0 Engagement Meditation Frustration Excitement
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Exhibits
EEG collects four types of data including engagement, frustration, meditation and excitement. The value range is 0 - 1. The higher the number is, more active the brainwaves are. Finally, we select excitement of all visitors as our data source as shown below. 1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
Exhibits
0.2
Data Analysis & Result
Big Box Acrylic board
units: mm
Chosen objects: 3/ Nuclear Reactor
212
1/ Howitzer Shell
515
4/ Disaonagraph
650
Plywood
The whole box is made of plywood. The ďŹ rst shelf is acrylic board on which shows the name and location of chosen exhibits in the museum. The second shelf hides all the devices and cables. 2/ Salvage Tug Bustler
5/ Hall of Fame
The data show a clear correlation between the excitement reading and observing objects. PROJECT
01 02 03
16
Technology
Scenarios
R RB
S
A
S
A
A
A
RB R S A
A
Rasberry Pie Router Switch Arduino
One’s journey (according to the time order):
One’s journey (time synchronization):
Flowers will bloom one by one representing the process of visiting.
All the flowers will bloom at the same time. With this, we can see the visiting difference between different exhibits.
This represents an individual's story; their experience of the museum.
Data flow
6. Give me data for time X, Flower3 9. Move
MySQL
1. Give me data, I am Flower 3 7. Data Nginx
A
PHP
4. What time have I started? 2. What time is it? Linux
8. Here is your data, Flower Y
3. Time is ... 5. I started at...
Give me data for time X, Flower Y
17
PROJECT
01 02 03
Python
Visitors’ Average Data:
Visitors’ Journey:
Calculate the average value of concentration in a period. It shows the general visiting status of the museum.
Show the visit the progress of all visitors one by one in time sequence.
This represents the shared, networked reality of objects.
Many individuals experience the same thing in different ways. These individuals story contributes to the whole, networked reality.
To know more, please watch the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PzILL88D0os
Feb - May 2015
YOUR ICECUBE IS MELTING
Theory This is a project coroperated with Royal Bank of Scotland(RBS). So my theory comes from the bank. This is the basic theory: Put your money in bank, and wait for some time. The money will grow, then you will acquire more money.
Grow Basic theory Wait
It is a normal process. But if I change one or several elements, what will happen then?
1/ Cover changing & waiting
2/ Save Why not energy?
CO2
If I cover changing and waiting, I will not know what will happen to my money. This reminds me of Schrödinger's cat. Schrödinger's cat is a thought experiment, sometimes described as a paradox. The scenario presents a cat which may be simultaneously both alive and dead, a state known as a quantum superposition, as a result of being linked to a random subatomic event that may or may not occur.
Psychology - Curiosity - How much interest can I get? Superposition states - Uncertainty - Do I earn or not?
19
PROJECT
01 02 03
Money?
Energy
Global Warming
If I change the subject. it is not about money, but energy. This will become a stroy of global warming. My statement: Improve the awareness of slowing down global warming by showing uncertainty(different states) to arouse curiosity as time goes by.
Research 1/ SLOW DOWN GLOBAL WARMING
Inspirations:
Energy Saving Design
An interesting way to show/warn energy usage. Connected with daily personal behaviour. Social issue / daily life
MELTING MEN: Life in Balance is a light that seeks to change user behaviour regarding daily electricity consumption. The product resembles a scale and loses its balance when users exceed a predetermined limit. It’s connected to a homeowner’s wireless network.
Tank is a light that reminds people about the problem of global warming on a daily basis. Tank uses incremental shifts in light levels as a marker of usage patterns. It is a metaphor for the melting ice caps and rising sea levels and communicates these to the user in real time.
When the hourglass empties, the electricity that runs through the house turns off automatically, indicating the daily maximum. At the end of each day, overturning the hourglass marks the beginning of a new cycle of energy expenditure.
By reprogramming the device to reflect energy usage and costs, customers managed to reduce their energy consumption by 40 percent. It's nonintrusive. It has a relatively benign effect. But when you suddenly see your ball flashing red, you notice.
A thousand miniature people have slowly melted away in a Berlin square in an effort to draw attention to melting ice caps in Greenland and Antarctica. The installation, Melting Men, was meant to spotlight the World Wildlife Fund's warning that melting ice could possibly cause levels to rise more than 3.3 ft by 2100. The group warns that the warming of the Arctic will change weather in different parts of the world and increase the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
Inspirations: Real ice - Simple and straight PROJECT
01 02 03
20
2/ CURIOSITY Information-Gap Theory
THE AMOUNT OF CURIOSITY
When we become aware of this missing information- when something changes from being known (or so we thought) to an unknown state—we become curious.
Curiosity correlates with our own understanding of particular domain. The more we know about some topic, the more likely we are to focus on our own information-gaps. If I know 8 of 10 items, I’m more curious about the remaining 2 than if I only know 2 of 10 things.
I’m curious because there’s a gap between “what I know and what I want to know.” The feeling we get from these information gaps is best described as deprivation, which is critical to understanding why it is we are motivated by curiosity. In order to “eliminate the feeling of deprivation,” we seek out the missing information.
- Loewenstein
Follow-up study from CalTech which shows that curiosity increases (to a point) as knowledge increases and then drops off.
The effect of knowledge on curiosity looks roughly like this： curiosity high
--- behavioral economist George Loewenstein
What I know
What I know
21
PROJECT
Curious
missing information eliminate deprivation
01 02 03
What I want to know
What I want to know
low
high
Knowledge
HOW TO DO? Two critical principles of curiosity: 1) To make a person curious we have to create a gap between what they know and what they want to know. 2) To maintain curiosity we must “leak” out knowledge a bit at a time without giving away too much.
Design
3D Print Flowers
MELTING BOX It is a physical device that display energy consumption based on personal behaviour with real ice. If you consume too much energy, the ice cube will melt. But you cannot see the ice unless you open the door.
PROJECT
01 02 03
22
STRUCTURE
CURIOSITY Hiding the cooling box and revealing melting window will create a gap between what I do not know and what I do not konw where curiosity comes.
Unseen part PolyďŹ lla Expanding foam
Peltier TEC1-12706
Vent
DS18B20 Sensor What I do not know Cooling Part Fan Gap
Cooling box Melting window
What I know Arduino Yun
Vent
Water storage box Front view
23
PROJECT
01 02 03
Side view
WORKING PRINCIPLE
DATA SAMPLE Home Electricity Use Per Person per year in UK 1985kwh Per hour: 0.23 kwh
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
24hours of an individual house from Glasgow KWH 0.40
ARDUINO COOLING SYSTEM
CHARGER
0.35
0.30
0.25
MOSEFT
average 0.23
0.20
Cooling time
0.15
Ordinary time COOLING SYSTME
CHARGER
0.10
Data comes from Average household electricity use around the world http://shrinkthatfootprint.com/average-household-electricity-consumption
0.50
0
0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00
TIME PROJECT
01 02 03
24
COOLING TIME CALCULATION
COOLING PROCESS
Data from last hour
Extreme
Higher than 0.23
Temp
Temp
12
12
0 -2 -4
T0 0 -2 -4
In normal time Keep from -4C ~ -2C
35min Higher than 0.23
1 hour
35min
EACH HOUR One hour ends Back to normal -4C ~ -2C
Stop cooling begin to melt
Reaches T0 Begin to cool
ELECTRICITY
0 ...... 0.23....... 0.4
COOLING TEMPERATURE
-2 ,....... -2 ........ 12
The temperature will go up at ďŹ rst and drop later which keeps the start temperature of each hour is -4. Cooling time is based on the data from each hour. To know more, please watch this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=stpIkP_Eveg
25
PROJECT
01 02 03
1 hour
EXPERIENCE 2010
TAO TAO
2011
Interaction Designer
Assistant Designer
Moto Interaction Design Workshop
Shanghai Weimar Culture Communication Co., Ltd
BASIC INFORMATION
2011
En IELTS 7.0
+44 7873900107
78 West Port
2013
http://issuu.com/portfoliotao/docs/port-
EH1 2LE
2012 Tencent ISUX Workshop
Guidance Design
http://countrytao.wix.com/taotao
Edinburgh
Interaction Designer
Hong Kong New City New World Branch OďŹ&#x192;ce
lllleonardo@foxmail.com
Evolution House
2014
Interaction Designer and Web Designer
Graphic Designer
Hisoon Industrial Design (Changsha) Co., Ltd
Chanmo Brand Planning Co., Ltd
folio_taotao_
SKILL
EDUCATION
2009
2012
Designer
BA Industrial/Interaction Design
MA Design Informatics
Hunan University, China
The University of Edinburgh, UK
2013
2014
2015
Ps
Ai
Fl
Axure
Html
Keyshot
UG
TAO TAO PORTFOLIO
2014-2015
The University of Edinburgh
MA