LABOUR DAY 2016
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LABOUR DAY 2016
A BETTER WORLD CAROL T ODD
A lot has changed since the first union was formed in Canada, but the impact of unions on all Canadians continues to be felt today. Labour Day is a time to celebrate the important contributions that all working people make to the economy. At the same time, Canadians can also celebrate the numerous rights and protections that have been the result of union advocacy — benefits that apply to all workers, not just union members. It was the need for a shorter work day that led to the formation of Canada’s first union and the first Labour Day. Back in the 1800s, workers toiled for a lot more than the eight hours a day North Americans are now accustomed to. Workers’ movements had begun to develop in Canada as early as the 1850s, but it was that specific need that brought them together. The Canadian Labour Union was formed in 1872 from groups that had promoted the Nine Hours Movement. While that movement was unsuccessful at the time, it did spark numerous changes, the most important being the legalization of unions in 1872. Dr. Stephanie Ross, an associate professor in the School of Labour
Studies at McMaster University, says Canadians don’t fully realize the impact that union actions have had on everyone’s lives, including those who do not belong to a union. “People may think that the activities of unions don’t touch peoples’ lives, but it’s not true. The labour movement has always fought for
Labour Day is a time to celebrate the important contributions that all working people make to the economy. the interests of working people beyond their members,” she says. Ross, along with Larry Savage, Errol Black and Jim Silver, has published Building a Better World: An Introduction to the Labour Movement in Canada, which, among other information, details all the contributions the labour movement has made that go beyond the workplace and collective agreements. She cites numerous examples, such as the
minimum wage, overtime pay, health and safety, human rights and pay equity legislation, and most recently, enhancements to the Canada Pension Plan. These are all benefits that affect all working Canadians, whether they are unionized or not. Currently, almost 29 per cent of Canada’s 18 million workers belong to a union, according to Statistics Canada. That’s a decline from the almost 38 per cent recorded in 1981 when Stats Can first began measuring unionization, with the largest drops in the 1980s and ‘90s, levelling off in the 2000s. There has also been a decline in the number of male union members. From their outset, unions were predominately a male domain and remained so until the 1960s, according to Stats Can. The federal statistics agency also notes that, these days, a union member is slightly more likely to be a woman and working in an office, school or hospital, while factory workers, miners and other blue collar trades have seen their union membership fall over the past quarter century. Ross says the changing economics of today’s world have contributed to the overall decline in union membership. “Workplaces are restructuring. There are more temporary and contract workers.
And, technological innovations are replacing people in the workplace,” she says, adding that all those changes mean workers need more protection, not less. “People need to have a say [in their workplace] and, without a union, workers don’t have a say,” Ross says, “Not enough people are in unions. Everybody should have a union.” Having that “say” is important, but Ross adds that people also need to be part of something greater than themselves. “When unions are engaged, they give people the capacity to fight together for improvements in their lives. It’s not just about the outcome. It’s
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not about winning a better wage or benefits. The process of struggling together is really transformative and gives people the sense that they’re not alone, that they have some power in this world and, so they feel they can actually change their lives,” she says. As the world, and the workplace, continue to change, Labour Day gives Canadians the opportunity to celebrate the many advantages Canadian workers enjoy, and acknowledge how many of those were won by the collective action of people working to change their lives, and the lives of all Canadians, through their unions.
Dr. Stephanie Ross SUP P LIED P HOT O
2016 WorkSafe Safe Worker Winner – Lanny Storey AREVA Resources Canada Inc.
Thank You
Saskatchewan! Since 2008 when we launched Mission: Zero, Saskatchewan’s total injury rate has dropped from 10.21 percent to 6.30 percent. To the working men and women of the province, thank you for making zero injuries your mission.
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