Sustainable Design Portfolio by Pragya Gupta

URE ECT HIT C AR

SUSTAINABILITY

TION UTA MP CO

PRAGYA GUPTA SUSTAINABLE DESIGN PORTFOLIO

Indigenous shelter is a reflection of us as people. Of the environmental conditions in which it existed and the social constructs that it supported. Urban architecture is incomplete without this context, without its context.

Photo Credit: Author

August 2018 - Present

Master of Science in Sustainable Design

School of Architecture, Carnegie Mellon University Fall QPA - 3.90

December 2016 - April 2017

College of Architecture, PES University Assistant Professor

LEED AP Homes

June 2015 - October 2016

Pactive Sustainable Solutions

Energy and Green Building Consultant

2014 - 2016

GRIHA Certified Evaluator GRIHA Certified Trainer

July 2013 - April 2015

Master of Architecture

(Specialization: Sustainable Architecture) College of Architecture, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University

June 2007 - April 2013

Bachelor of Architecture

(Minor: Interior Design) Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Architecture, University of Pune

COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN

GENERATIVE FACADE DESIGN TOOL Design + Computation Carnegie Mellon University

ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY SIMULATION

ESHERICK HOUSE

Environmental Performance Simulation Carnegie Mellon University

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN PRINCIPLES

BUSINESS INCUBATION PARK Thesis Project Bharati Vidyapeeth University

Parametric Facade Inspired by the Indian â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Jaliâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, the KinoScope plug-in for Grasshopper helps users visualise the various forces acting on the building skin - site surroundings, environmental forces, internal heat loads and occupant comfort requirements. A single visual output summarising these outputs helps designers find site specific solutions to develop high-performance facades. The 3D printed facade modulated direct solar radiation by shading certain areas while allowing solar radiation pass through in others. Skewed modular surfaces result in site specific climate responsive skin.

PROCESS INPUTS Bio m

ime

tic

The ory

OUTPUT ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTION MAP Identifying Dependencies

Skin Components

Dynamic Controls Kinetic Controls

Hourly Data

Functional Requirements

Env iron me nta l

Par am ete rs

Site Sorroundings

KINOSCOPE

GENERATIVE FACADE DESIGN TOOL Design + Computation Carnegie Mellon University Advisor: Prof. Ramesh Krishnamurthi, Pedro Veloso KinoScope is developed as an assistive tool to help designers visualise the environmental forces on the facade. The resultant Environmental Interaction Map is a visual feedback that can enable more environmentally sensitive design outputs. It can be used as a plug-in for grasshopper, integrating the tool in the widely used design process software. Python is used to develop the plug-in and the algorithm is based on biomimetic principles rooted in Koch and Meinhardtâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Reaction-Diffusion equation to provide an aesthetically pleasing and environmentally sound feedback. Human UI is incorporated to provide an easy to use user interface. The designers can model the basic geometry and select the envelope surface for analysis.

Computational Design

Interactions: The internal heat gain due to equipment in office spaces is higher than that of residential. During summer, it is important to block direct solar radiation. When humidity is high, operable windows can help with cross ventilation. Interactions: The internal heat gain in a residential space is low. During summer, it is important to block direct solar radiation and shade the facade. When humidity is high, operable windows can help with night ventilation.

Impact on Building Facade

Computational Design

Interactions: The internal heat gain in high activity zones like gymnasium is very high. Even in winters when direct solar radiation is welcome, it may become important to shade spaces with high internal heat gains. Interactions: The internal heat gain in a residential space is low. In winters, maximising solar radiation and daylighting can improve thermal comfort of occupants while also improving visual acuity. Keeping the moisture out is also important in regions with high humidity.

Computational Design

Facade Geometry An annual climatic simulation was run to understand the impact of climatic forces and internal heat loads on the building facade. By using a modular grid as is seen in the reflection of the panel’s back surface, the front elevational modules were skewed to prevent unwanted heat gains through direct solar radiation. The perforated screen draws inspiration from Indian ‘Jali’ but is contemporised in its design vocabulary.

Computational Design

Vertical Louvers - Static Form

Circular Louvers - Rotational Movement

Pyramidal Facade - Kinematic Movement

Environmental Interaction Maps and Resultant Prototype Skin

Computational Design

GENERATE GEOMETRY

INTERNAL LOAD CALCULATION

BAS INTEGRATION

ANALYSE PROGRAM

DEFINE

INTEGRATED FEEDBACK

DESIGN

CONTROL ALGORITHM

FABRICATION MODULES

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

BUILD

ANALYSE STRATEGY IDENTIFICATION LOAD CALCULATION

Rethinking - Design Process

Enter Building Dimensions

VERIFY

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Generated Facade and Kinetic Movements

Select Geometry

Environment Interaction Map

Real-time Environmental Analysis and Facade Modulation

Computational Design

Solar Radiation Simulation was conducted for all wall orientations and the roof using DIVA for Grasshopper

Environmental and Energy Simulation

ESHERICK HOUSE SIMULATION Environmental Performance Simulation Carnegie Mellon University Advisor: Prof. Omer Karaguzel Team: Yijia Liao, Tiancheng Zhao, Pragya Gupta, Leila Sai Srinivasan

Detailed solar analysis of the Esherick house by Louis I Kahn was studied using DIVA for Grasshopper and Ladybug for Grasshopper. The study consisted of a detailed report that consisted of a climatic study of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, followed by Solar Radiation analysis, Solar Energy Density analysis, Sun Path Diagramming, Butterfly Shadow Analysis, Solar Fan Development and Shading Device Design. Solar PV was modeled based on the analysis and results of Radiation Calla Dome for the site. Visible Comfort Studies were performed using DIVA for Grasshopper including climate based daylighting and glare analysis. Using ArchSim for Grasshopper, the team conducted thermal simulations. These included indoor temperature analysis, heating and cooling load analysis and heating and cooling energy consumption projections. Solar PV installation and capacity was simulated using both Ladybug for Grasshopper and ArchSim for Grasshopper.

Environmental and Energy Simulation

Climatic Analysis using Ladybug for Grasshopper

Solar Access Analysis using Ladybug for Grasshopper

Environmental and Energy Simulation

Visual Acuity Analysis:

DIVA for Grasshopper was used to conduct visual acuity analysis. Glare issues were identified in the living room due to high windows that were not shaded.

Environmental and Energy Simulation

Daylighting Proposal The glare and useful daylight illuminance levels were above comfort levels. To address these issues, two alternatives were proposed - lightshelves that act as shading devices and improve light penetration and installation of translucent panels. As seen in the graph on the left, higher comfort levels were achieved through these interventions.

Thermal Comfort Improvement A 29% reduction over baseline was achieved due to reduction in heat gains from windows and opaque assembly and 77% reduction in the heating season alone was achieved by adding a layer of insulation in the opaque assembly. 80.7% reduction is achieved through HVAC modifications in both heating and cooling performance. Variable-Speed Mini-Split Heat Pump System is proposed to achieve the same.

Roof mounted Solar PV Solar PV system was proposed on the building roof. The tilt angle was optimised using ArchSim for Grasshopper. The proposed design improvements have resulted in a reduced annual energy consumption of 4,399 kWh. The annual solar energy generation through proposed PV array is 4,973 kWh which is 13% more than the consumption.

Environmental and Energy Simulation

BUSINESS INCUBATION PARK Master of Architecture - Thesis Project Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Advisor: Dr. Archana Gaikwad

Sustainable Design Principles

The Make in India initiative by the current government encourages startups to explore manufacturing, IT and consultancy services. Nashik is a tier-two city with many automobile manufacturing units and an expertise in wine-making. The infrastructure is already conducive for incubating and supporting small to medium scale businesses. By developing an incubation park, the industrial community will be revitalised bringing in economic and social growth for its people. A sustainable campus can affect long-term behavioral change in its residents. It is the intent that by providing infrastructure rich with locally sourced material that encourages and employs local artisans and craftsmen, and by designing a closed loop system, the startups inhabiting the campus would follow the lead. Thin permeable envelope coupled with bamboo louvers to augment cross ventilation, singly loaded corridor, staggered planning, permeable hard surfaces, green roofs, solar PV park, water retention ponds and bicycle racks are some of the green strategies that have been applied.

Sustainable Design Principles

Small Automotive Testing Track

Green Spaces with Permaculture

enclosing solar PV park facing south for maximum solar harvesting

Algae ponds and native plants are planted for oxygenation while improving water efficiency

Business Incubation Park Information Technology Startups Unit Small Automobile and Automotive Parts Unit Permaculture and Sustainable Agricultural Incubator Vegetated swales and retention ponds

Water swales are used for root zone treatement for rain water and grey water recycling

Pedestrian Network

with permeable paving, bicycle parking and three-bin waste collection

Exploded View

Bicycle Stands

Solar Park

RWH Ponds

Recycling Bins

INTEGRATED CAMPUS DESIGN

Sustainable Design Principles

Sun path analysis - June

Sun path analysis -December

Staggered placement to create wind tunnel and enhance wind speed

Site hydrology and storm water management

Connections between buildings through floating bridges

Solar PV integration

Rainwater Harvesting Vegetated Bioswales

Sustainable Design Principles

Solar Analysis Sun path analysis was conducted to understand the impact of solar azimuth and altitude on the building forms. Since Nashik has a mild climate, the buildings are oriented to receive maximum daylight. Solar PV Park is located on the southern side of the plot and are tilted towards the south for maximum gains.

Site Development The buildings are staggered to achieve maximum wind penetration. To ensure wind access to the neighbouring structures, site-level venturi effect has been designed. The plot is located on a river front. Site hydrology has been considered. Apart from providing vegetated bioswales to filter the runoff, the storm water is allowed to drain naturally into the river. Connections amongst buildings is an important aspect of collaborative design space. This has been ensured through development of public spaces, bridges between buildings and breakout spaces within buildings. Rainwater harvesting is implemented on multiple scales to address water autonomy.

Bamboo Louvers

Horizontal louvers on the Northern and Southern Facade and vertical on the Eastern and Western Facade are constructed using locally sourced bamboo - reducing the embodied energy of the material.

Thin adobe walls constructed on site using the excavated soil to enable heat transfer due to high thermal conductivity

Rainwater Harvesting Pond

located on the roof is filtered using root zone treatment connected to vegetated bioswales

Exploded View

Sustainable Design Principles

Growing Areas

Organic Individual Cafe Workspaces

Permaculture and Sustainable Agriculture Incubator

Sustainable Design Principles

Connecting Terrace Individual Bridges Gardens Workspaces

Testing Track

Exhibition Individual Space Workspaces

Information Technology Startups Unit

Small Automobile and Automotive Parts Unit

Nashik is warm and humid. Cross ventilation was identified as one of the passive strategies that can increase the number of comfortable hours. To augment air flow and cut off unwanted radiation and glare, louvers are designed on the building facade. Flat Louvers do not maximise wind speed

38째C 5300

22.5째C

28째C

Max Monthly Temperature Min Monthly Temperature Solar Insolence on Horizontal Surface

10째C

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

Sustainable Design Principles

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV DEC

Form Finding

Creates Venturi Effect Provides Light Shelf Provides Views

Morning & Evening Sun Winter Season Cool Wind and Maximum View

Afternoon Sun Hot and Dry Summer Morning & Evening Sun Summer Season Cool Wind

Vertical Movement Morning & Evening Sun Winter Season

Collapsed In Pair Afternoon Sun Summer Season Cool Wind for Evaporative Cooling

Louvers are connected to building automation system which is in turn connected to a local weather station to create multiple configurations through swivel movement and vertical movement. The louvers are constructed using bamboo halves, This will employ local artisans and use environmentally benign material. It is also extremely cost effective.

Sustainable Design Principles

Pragya Gupta

LEED AP Homes Carnegie Mellon University pragyagupta171@gmail.com +1 206-612-1664 www.pragya.design