Whiteline FLASH - March 16-31

VOLUME 1

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Flash WHITELINE

ISSUE 33

PAGES 8

March 19-25, 2010

YOUR NEIGHBOURHOOD NEWS WEEKLY

Less known In Dombivli nitty-gritty on a Friday of rape

By N. Rajasekharan Nair

Dr. Avinash De Souza

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A writer’s hilarious reminiscence

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Thank you readers and advertisers It's easy to get the news from around the world, at least on the major events, but people really want to know about what happens around the corner too. A local newspaper has a larger effect on the life of local citizens.

For example, a new business opening, a rash of crime, road construction, traffic problems, and local high school sports etc.

The main stream newspapers cannot cover all these things. The local paper fills in the gap on such matters. Local newspapers can play an important role too, in lobbying councils to help local people. We at Whiteline Flash are committed to stand with the citizens and raise their voice. If you have any specific issue or you wish to highlight it for the attention and speedy action of the local bodies, government authorities or courts, please write to us. I am happy to share the news with our esteemed readers and advertisers that the print order and circulation of Whitline Flash is increasing. I take this opportunity to thank our readers and advertisers for their continued support and trust reposed with us. We rededicate our endeavours as a responsible local newspaper for the citizens.

Anil Raghavan Managing Editor

Sasidharan Nair

In the concluding part of the lead story Dombivli's Noxious Pollution Threat, Whiteline Flash discusses about how Dombivli has become the most polluted place, who is the real culprit, is it the KDMC Mayor or Commissioner or MPCB sub-regional office at Kalyan or the chemical companies of MIDC? According to a recent nation-wide study conducted by the Indian Institute of Techonology, Delhi, for the Union ministry of environment and forest about the most polluted industrial clusters and their impact on public health has released the result during December last week has identified Dombivli as the 14th most polluted city in the country and second in the state, which has reached critical levels of pollution and can vitally affect the health of the residents of these areas.

The most affected area in Dombivli is MIDC which has two zones namely residential and industrial. Both the zones in the about five Km-long area are boxed together in an uneasy alliance of urban and industrial growth. The residents say, this is a great contributor to the rising levels of pollution in the city of more than 15 lakh people.

Illegally legal!

Untreated effluent flowing openly

OUTOFFOCULS

Premlal

Yes doctor I used to take deep breath in my yoga classes without realising the pollution...

Citizens cry foul incessantly, still Dombivli pollution spreads alarmingly. The danger is being silently encouraged by all from all corners. The unexpected worst is becoming soon an inevitable truth.

The civic and regulatory bodies, state and central governments are gross inactive and lethargic.

Why Dombivli has become the most polluted place?

Maharashtra and Gujarat. The brightest jewels in India’s industrial crown. But impressive industrial growth figures fail to hide the grim realities of environmental pollution.

While, the state governments are

only bothered about industrial growth, the civil society is struggling to draw public attention to the impending danger to the environmental and public health.

Industrial survey statistics tell you that more than one-third — 36.3 per cent — of the total value added by to the raw materials through manufacture in the factory sector of the country comes from Maharashtra (23.66 per cent) and Gujarat (12.64 per cent). Easily, the two most industrialised states of India.

Governments of both the states claim they have created immense prosperity in the region.

2 But statistics do not tell you

It is mandatory that large chemical plants should have their in-house effluent plant. But, greedy company owners under the cover and blessings of lenient regulatory bodies and its officials breaking the laws and regulations consistently and claiming with supporting records that they were in compliance with the laws and regulations. Thus since years they release untreated industrial waste through open nalla towards the nearby creek for dispersal. It is an illegal act with legality in records.

It is believed that to operate an effluent plant successfully the

charges are anything between Rs. 2,00,000 to 3,00,000 and for one week Rs. 14,00,000 to 21,00,000 per week. However, it is alleged that for a mere weekly bribe of Rs. 1,00,000 to Rs. 2,00,000 chemical plants can enormously save Rs. 12,00,000 to Rs. 18,00,000 per week and without any fear of any punitive action they freely emit toxic waste and gases. People are under the impression that MPCB, civic body and state and central governments give full patronage and shield for the cover up. Is it true? If not, why no action against these chemical companies?

READ IN THE NEXT ISSUE An exclusive interview with KDMC Mayor

Ramesh Sudam Jadhav Shivangi Bangera writes about Dombivli’s own Child Specialist

Dr. Ulhas Kolhatkar

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March 19-25, 2010

Flash WHITELINE

NEWS STORY

PERIL UNINTERRUPTED Dombivli pollution due to polluted canal Dr Anand V. Hardikar, the chairperson of Ramchandranagar Residents Association and the recently started Kruti Samti says that the horrible smell of obnoxious gases irritates all the citizens. The number of Allergic Diseases is also increasing as well.

The water from his well which is near the hospital has also got polluted because of the percolation that happens from this polluted canal. He had noticed some reddish colour and horrible stink of this polluted water from the well. Half of the polluted water from the MIDC Phase II enters the Gandhinagar-Milapnagar Canal adding on to the pollution in this area. As a remedial measure, 2 pumps are being used being used to arrest this polluted water. It is Untreated industrial waste flowing continuously being processed day after night, which costs approximately Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 12,000 per day.

He had also sent a letter to the Secretary of Environment Department (Government of India) and Secretary Valsa Nair, who assured him to inspect about the pollution in Dombivli.

Dr Ulhas Kolhatkar on pollution Bad civic conditions and bad hygienic habits are majorly responsible for the pollution. KDMC and MPCB and state and central governments are responsible for it. The chemical and residential zones should be kept apart. There is no control over emission of these of SO2‘s, NO2’s and carbon monoxide. Air pollution happens because of the chemicals and obnoxious gases that are released in the environment. These poisonous gases cause acute as well as chronic symptoms in all the cities. The acute problems include allergic cough, cold, and irritation of eyes and throat.

The chronic problems include the respiratory malignancies, gastro intestinal and skin diseases like eczema. Chemical irritation causes bronchitis; migraine is also caused due to pollution. Most common among the problems are cough, cold, bronchitis, and even skin diseases.

Even the vehicular pollution contributes to the air pollution. The dust particles released by the heavy constructions in cities with no proper measures taken for the treatment of waste from the construction sites also adds to the air pollution.

findings reveal that water contamination here was 63.50 (critically polluted) and air pollution is 78.41, which also is critically polluted.

The Maharashtsra Pollution Control Board (MPCB), Kalyan, is inactive and reluctant to take action against any chemical companies or polluting companies. Why? Are they having a nexus between the companies who deliberately create air and water pollution, councillors, civic body officials, MLA or MLAs and MP or political parties? Are these companies giving hafta or bribe to MPCB officials at regular intervals?

The alarming situation has not changed for twenty years, despite communications with the KDMC, MIDC and MPCB, claim the residents of the Ramchandra Nagar and Gandhi Nagar area. “For two decades now, we have been exposed to the ill effects of the pollution in our locality. We have written letters and made oral representations to all the concerned agencies but nothing has been done so far to alleviate our avoidable sufferings,” says an agitated Anand Hardikar, a medical professional and president of the Ramchandra Nagar Gandhi Nagar residents’ association, spearheading the campaign.

Notwithstanding, MPCB (Maharashtra Pollution Control Board), Kalyan, reluctantly

An effluent plant creek waters by the MIDC and KDMC,” says Dr. Hardikar.

The MIDC is divided into two phases. Phase One has got a common effluent treatment plant (CETP) that can treat 1500 cubic litre water per day; this phase gets 4,000 cubic litre water per day for treatment. The amount received is only half of the total water released by the chemical units. The other half goes to CETP-II in MIDC Phase –Two. “On January 12, we conducted a survey along with members of KAMA (Kalyan Ambernath Manufacturers’ Association) and discovered that the chemical waste from Samant Petrol Pump area was being discharged into the open R-G nalla that cuts through the heart of the populated locality of R-G.

MPCB hammers eight Industries Maharashtra Pollution Control Board has disconnected water and electric supply of eight industries in Dombivli, MIDC Industrial Area.

The National survey has proved that 88 cities are polluted and Dombivli is the second most polluted city in Maharashtra and fourteenth most polluted in India. According to KAMA (Kalyan Ambarnath Manufacturers Association), the nuisance created by these industries affects the residential area near the industries. But, this is just a part of the contribution to pollution. There are much more reasons for pollution.

Some of which are listed below.

Industrial pollution. ( Water and Air) Automobile Pollution. (Pollution caused by Vehicles)( Air) Pollution due to Grampanchayats Solid waste dumping and burning activities in MIDC area. (Soil, Air and Water) Untreated Sewage flowing through pipelines Untreated effluent of MIDC in Bhopar Gaothan ( Water, and Air) Use of Adulterated fuel and reprocessed lubricants by public transports.

KAMA has also mentioned that the details regarding the parameters of testing time and locations of testing the Air, Water and Soil samples are not given in the report. The KAMA has finalised an agency to monitor Air pollution by carrying out ambient air analysis frequently. MLA Mr. Anand Paranjpe reacted to this saying that the closing down of Industries will create unemployment. The concerned authorities should seek for some permanent solution.

Now it is for the residents to decide as to which of the two reactions is beneficial for them.

Shivangi Bangera the real story of thousands of workers and farmers. The Pollution Control Boards of these two states are virtually ineffective and live only in reports and budgets with immense political shield and patronage from business houses.

They march for industrial and economical growth at any cost, even risking the health of the citizens, without monitoring air and water pollution.

In Maharashtra, five of the eight townships have been listed as critically polluted and the rest as severely polluted. In the study, first

there was thorough assessment of the air, water and land pollution levels in these industrial towns.

Then the surveyors calculated the Comprehensive Environmental Index (CEPI) of each cluster on a scale of 10 to 100. Towns with 80100 pollution index were termed alarmingly polluted, those between 70 and 80 were critically polluted and ones in the 60-70 category were severely polluted.

The report states that industrial sludge and other pollutants have contaminated water in Dombivli at alarming levels. The study’s

A factory in Dombivli operating in open air without any pollution control measures. initiated some corrective measures recently to control the high pollution levels and bring them down to the permissible limits in the posh MIDC residential and industrial zones of Dombivli east due to the impact of Whiteline Flash lead story, Danger!

Noxious Pollution Threat Haunts Dombivli citizens and adverse media reports earlier and in recent times and public pressure, the nearby sprawl of Ramchandranagar and Gandhinagar (R-G) is still suffering from bad effects of the critically-high levels of air, water and soil pollution prevalent in the area.

“The entire area is heavily polluted as the chemical factories in the adjacent MIDC release their industrial waste into the open drain water and noxious fumes into the air.

Even the soil has got affected by this constant exposure to the released chemicals,” says Damodar Mohite, another resident.

Fed up, the residents formed an 11-member action committee to fight the general apathy of the monitoring state agencies. They have already launched a public agitation by holding meetings and discussions with the concerned officials with MPCB, KDMC and MIDC. “The problem is very simple. The untreated water from the polluting chemical industries should be carried in enclosed pipes in the R-G nalla and diverted to the

“This has been going on for years now. We have suggested to the officers that the untreated industrial waste should be routed through the CETP-II to CETP-I and then, from there, taken to the nearby creek for further dispersal. Only this step can save the atmosphere from being further degraded by the toxic

for maintaining safety standards and other environmental norms but actual expenditure comes to some seventy lakhs rupees only. Besides, the civic body, state and central governments altogether collect to the tune of Rs. 20,000 crores plus under octroi, corporation tax, licence fees, sales tax, vat, income tax and other taxes.

Out of the critically polluted 20 centres in India, five are in Maharashtra. They are Chandrapur (83.88), Dombivli (78.41), Aurangabad (77.44), Navi Mumbai (73.77) and Tarapur (72.01). The air of all major cities and towns are polluted in Maharashtra. Other most polluted clusters in Maharashtra are Nashik (69.25), Chembur (69.19) and Pimpri (66.06).

A factory in Dombivli operating in open air without any pollution control measures.

Dombivli is a small town with a big industrial estate, comprising some 50 chemicals units manufacturing dye intermediaries, is perpetually engulfed in smog. For the 100,000 residents, life is worse than hell. "The factories emit gases at night. They discharge effluents openly into the drain passing through our colony. Any complaint against them will only mean that we lose our jobs," laments Nirmala Khadilkar, a resident of Dombivli, whose father works in a chemicals factory.

Dombivli's own elected representatives from councillors, MLAs and MPs are not taken any special interest to address the pollution issue since decades. The present corporators, MLA and MP are not any exceptions. A retired bank manger and resident of Dombivli east Vasant Kulkarni says, "All political parties and its leaders want to do short cut methods, quick results, tall claims and fame. They are thrived to do trivial things and

Untreated poisonous water polluting the creak chemicals,” says Dr. Hardikar.

“They can utilize the balance in laying down a closed pipeline to carry this effluent matter across the open R-G nalla. This will prevent discharge into the waters of the nalla and stop its bad effects on the health of the residents of the locality,” believes Hardikar.

The MIDC collects more than three crore rupees annually from taxes alone from the industrial units

wasting more time and money addressing petty issues rather than addressing real big issues like air and water pollution in Dombivli.

They do not do anything effectively to contain the pollution problem in Dombivli. However, they claim they stand for Dombivli citizens and take salary for representing them."

Let us see who will bell the cat.

NEWS & CLASSIFIEDS

Flash WHITELINE

3

March 19-25, 2010

Gudi Padwa Gudhi

On Gudhi Padwa, you will find gudhi hanging out of window or otherwise prominently displayed in traditional Maharashtrian households. Gudhi is a bright green or yellow cloth adorned with brocade (zari) tied to the tip of a long bamboo over which gathi (sugar crystals), neem leaves, a twig of mango leaves and a garland of red flowers is tied. A silver or copper pot is placed in the inverted position over it. This gudhi is then hoisted outside the house, in a window, terrace or a high place so that everybody can see it. There are various explanations of why gudhi is hoisted in such a way.

One of them mentions gudhi as Brahma's flag (Brahmadwaj). Since Lord Brahma created the universe on this day, this flag is called 'the flag of Brahma' (Brahmadwaj) in the scriptures. Some also refer to it as 'the flag of Indra' (Indradwaj).

Another mythological explanation is gudhi as a symbolic representation of Rama's victory and happi-

ness on returning to Ayodhya after slaying Ravan. Since a symbol of victory is always held high, so is the gudhi (flag). Gudhi Padwa is especially dedicated to the worship of Lord Brahma. In many legends it was stated that this festival is being celebrated to commemorate the coronation of Rama after his return to Ayodhya from 14 years of exile.

Some Maharashtrians see the gudhi as a symbol of victory associated with the conquests of the Maratha forces lead by the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. It is also symbol of victory of Shalivahana over Shakas, which people hoisted when he returned to Paithan. Gudhi is also displayed as it is expected to ward off evil and invite prosperity and good luck into the house.

Beautiful designs with special powder of soft, white stone (rangolis) are drawn on the floor in front of it. Everyone eagerly waits to usher in the New Year. Then uttering meaning, 'I offer obeisance to the flag of Lord Brahma' one should ritualistically worship the gudhi with a resolve.

Position of the Gudhi

The Gudhi is raised next to the main entrance of the house. The spot selected should be on the right side (when sighted from the house) of the entrance. The right side symbolizes active state of the soul.

One of the Sade-Teen Muhurtas According to the Hindu Muhurta system, Gudhi Padwa is considered to be first of the 3 1/2 (or Saade-teen in Marathi) most auspicious muhurtas. The others are · 1st Tithi of Chaitra Bright Half Gudi_Padwa · 10th Tithi of Ashwin (Vijayadasami) · Akshaya Tritiya and · 1st Tithi of Kartika (Bright Half) According to Hindu electional astrology any work started during these auspicious muhurtas is expected to bring success.

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4 VOLUME 1

Flash WHITELINE

March 19-25, 2010 ISSUE 33

PAGES 8

March 19-25, 2010

Flash WHITELINE

EDITORIAL Local governance and citizens We, citizens, are prey to forget everything easily and we are very much busy and grossly lethargic not to give attention to anything regarding the functioning of our central and state governments and civic and regulatory bodies. Our central government comprises three interdependent branches: the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. The executive branch is headed by the President, who is the Head of State and exercises his or her power directly or through officers subordinate to him or her. The Legislative branch or the Parliament consists of the lower house, the Lok Sabha, and the upper house, the Rajya Sabha, as well as the president. The Judicial branch has the Supreme Court at its apex, 21 High Courts, and numerous civil, criminal and family courts at the district level.

The state governments consist of executive, legislative and judicial branches and by the 73rd and 74th amendments to the constitution of India, the Panchayat Raj system has been institutionalised for local governance.

In Kalyan and Dombivli cities, our civic body Kalyan Dombivli Muncipal Corporation is the functionary of local governance. Even the educated lot don't know well what our civic body is doing and who are responsible for what functions. Many citizens don't know the duties of a Mayor, Muncipal Commissioner and Corporators.

For anything and everything citizen complain or praise the wrong people at the wrong time and therefore the real issues remain unaddressed for long. Paying the taxes on time to civic body is not the only duty of a citizen. If your civic body, corporators, ward officers, other officials, Deputy Mayor, Mayor, and Muncipal Commissioner fail to deliver, it is your duty dear citizen to line up and react positively and creatively to get the work done quickly and practically. Why don't you join together for a common cause irrespective of religion, caste, language, political party and community?

In many parts of Kalyan east and at several parts in Dombivli there is an acute shortage of water. Instead of joining with the illiterate bunch saying, let the corporator come next time asking votes, we will not vote for him. This is not the civilised and right way to protest. If you are thirsty now, you want drinking water right now. If the authorities say, please wait for 18 months and after that you will get 24 hours water, are you happy? Will it serve your purpose?

We, citizens are pretty busy in our affairs, responsibilities and chores and very intelligent to avoid any encounter with any civic works or entrust it to somebody else for carrying out by paying some bakshis or in other words bribe. You are part of the civil society and to make the functionaries work effectively and responsibly for the society is your duty. Through any modern methods or means you should carry it out and achieve the goal.

Sasidharan Nair Editor-in-Charge

In Dombivli on a Friday Some time ago, on a Friday, I headed for Dombivli for two reasons. One, I had to visit a friend of mine who had been admitted to a hospital there for fever. Two, I could spend a quiet week end at my Thakurli flat, away from the din and bustle of the city. I could relax, contemplate and do some writing if the mood was right.

After an hour long journey, I got down at Dombivli railway station and proceeded to the hospital. My friend had recovered and was to be discharged the next day. His story was interesting. At first he saw a neighbourhood G.P (general practitioner) for his fever and was given three days' medicine for cold and fever. With no improvement, he went to him again and was given another three days' medicine. This too did not help. In the meanwhile,

he had to go to Thane for a couple of days' stay. A G.P in Thane suspected jaundice and asked for a blood report.

When it showed no jaundice, the doctor presumed that the villain was viral fever. His medication only worsened the situation. Finally, my friend landed in a hospital at Dombivli. Here he was diagnosed with malaria. The hospital treatment soon cured him except for the weakness caused by the persistent fever that lasted a fortnight.

I was surprised as to how the doctors did not suspect malaria in the first instance. It is one of the

Dignity of women in the contemporary India For the past one hundred years, we have been celebrating International Women's Day. Health camps, yoga camps, etiquette classes and cultural programmes were arranged on this occasion. But people tend to forget about it immediately after the celebration. Crime against women is increasing. There are many other issues which are to be addressed and attended. The dignity and modesty of women are not respected.

The issues like female foeticide, rape of women and minor girls and atrocities against wives demanding dowry must be brought out in public and discussed to create awareness.

The need of the hour is the

formation and initiatives of women supportive groups and organizations.

The unlettered and economically backward women can not fight for their rights. A large number of female babies are abandoned. Illtreatment and discrimination against women must be stopped.

Women must gain economic independence and education. That's the best way to fight injustice. Of course, today, many women excel in education, office work, sports, art, cinema, etc. But all girls must be educated and preferably employed.

A certain percentage of jobs must be reserved for women in both public and private sectors. Immediate

EDITORIAL

measures should be taken to fulfil this necessity. This will give them direction, confidence and make them aware of their rights. The bill to assure 33% reservation for women in politics must be passed without delay.

Bringing up children, doing household chores and taking care of aged parents take away a chunk of their time. Hence, the members of the family, irrespective of boys or girls must share household chores and other responsibilities in whatever way they can. Frequent transfer of women employees prevent them from continuing with their jobs.

Some educated women tend to

most common diseases in India and other tropical countries. Though it is completely curable, in its virulent form it can be deadly and even fatal.

As in other places in the country, malaria was endemic in Dombivli too until the early 1960s. It was said that doctors gave malaria pills for any sort of disease. Of course, that must have been in addition to other drugs specific for the particular ailment. It was the right thing to do.

After the hospital visit, it was time for lunch. My idea was to have a full meal of rice, chapattis, vegetable dishes and all that. I went into a popular hotel, which surprisingly looked deserted. The hotel owner said that he had nothing to offer except Dosa and some quantity of curd-rice. It seemed strange that a hotel had practically nothing to serve. He then explained to me that

it was Friday and there was no water supply. Whatever he had prepared was with the water he had stored overnight. For quite some time, Friday was water-less day for Dombivli. It was unimaginable that a major city of Maharashtra had to suffer this misfortune. It was no use trying some other lunch homes as the situation could not have been different in others. I ordered a hot cup of tea. It was the best option.

Even if the water used was of doubtful quality, the brew was safe as it was made in boiling water.

Germs generally did not survive that temperature.

Anandavalli Chandran become lazy and hesitate to take up jobs as they lack ambition. Even then, they deserve encouragement and opportunities. Members of the family, social workers and all responsible citizens should resolve to work hard for the empowerment of women in future to make this centenary year of Women's Day a meaningful one. Priority must be given to the problems of women in offices, institutions and courts and dignity of women must be assured at any cost. It's a heart warming welcome news that five police stations in Mumbai city will soon be headed by women officers. * The writer is a retired teacher.

N.Rajasekharan Nair A Thakurli-Dombivli resident over six decades, N. Rajasekharan Nair is a prolific writer and columnist in Malayalam and English. He has written numerous articles and features on various subjects in a different and unique perspective covering current affairs, human rights, justice, politics, arts and literature. Many of his articles were published in Sarvadesi and Malayalabhumi. Presently his regular columns in English are being published in The Verdict and Sunny News, besides Whiteline Flash. He was the Executive Editor of Malayalabhumi and presently working as Copy Editor of The Verdict. He was the Chief Editor of Malayalabhumi Special Issue 2010. Earlier he used to write under his shortened name N.R Sekhar. He now lives at D-21, Ellora, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai400094. Mob: 9819793875.

Thereafter I proceeded to my Thakurli flat to enjoy a short nap and some badly needed rest. Luckily, in the flat, the fans worked. I had a good nap. But after a while when I woke up, I was fully drenched in sweat. The fans had stopped and the power cut had come into force. As with the hotel, the taps in the house too had no water. My neighbour assured me that power supply would resume by 9 o'clock in the night and water supply, the next day morning.

When I thought of the situation, my mind went back to an era before the invention of electricity and the use of piped water. The Dombivli municipality, nay Kalyan Dombivli Municipal Corporation now, should be lauded for reminding the people that their forefathers managed, and managed well, without these modern amenities.

It was about eight in the evening and looking out of the window I could see the whole area was enveloped in darkness. A few roadside vendors had lit up candles or oil lamps which glittered like stars on a dark sky.

When the lights came as assured by the neighbour, I was horrified to find that swarms of mosquitoes had invaded my room. They refused to go away even when the fans were in full blast. I lighted a mosquito coil and sat ruminating on a sofa. Then a call came from a friend in Kalyan.

When I described my plight, his question was whether the mosquito bite was better than the fumes of the coil or vice versa.

N o w o n d e r, m a l a r i a s t i l l continues to rage in parts of the State. My friend was not its only victim.

Now I am convinced that going on a Friday to Dombivli for the weekend is not a nice idea at all.

SPECIAL FEATURE

Flash WHITELINE

March 19-25, 2010

5

The less known nitty-gritty of rape The word rape has been derived from the Latin word 'rapere' which means to seize, steal or carry away.

Abduction of women and marriage by force have been documented in history and are as old as mankind itself. Rape has however acquired a the status of a criminal act as marriage evolved into a socially sanctioned institution. Rape is often experienced by a woman as an act of extreme humiliation whereby a universe of emptiness and ontological terror is created in her mind. It is violation of both her body space and mental space.

There are certain myths regarding rape that need to be clarified Rape is a sexual act – rape is not in fact a sexual act but rather is pseudosexual act. It is a sexual act fro non sexual needs. It is an act by one on another for the manifestation of dominance and expression of hostility where sex occupies a secondary position.

Rape is an act of impulse – most rapes are often premeditated and carefully planned though not all may be so. Most studies have found when surveying criminal records that only 16-20% of rapes are ones which have occurred spontaneously.

Rape occurs only among strangers – it is very often seen that in many cases the rapists know their subject prior to the rape. Often rapists are close friends and even members of the family including distant relatives.

The victim was in some way party to the offence – it is often felt that the victim was asking for the rape, provoked it or was seductive or provocative. Victims may be women that are elderly, children, fully clad and even rape of nuns has been reported. Very often an innocent victim is the one that is raped.

If she really wanted the woman could prevent rape – the fact is that most of time rape occurs through intimidation with a weapon, threat of

harm or injury and even via brute force. Different motives operate in different offenders and they may use different ways to make the victim submit to them.

Women make false allegations – it is often felt that women make false allegations to take revenge on the accused. In fact many women that are raped by men they know do not report to the police as they do not wish to be questioned about the rape and do not wish to see themselves as rape victims. In fact cases of sexual assault and rape are grossly under reported as per official records.

The types of Rape – The Adult Rape – this is the rape of a young woman that the assailant likes due to proximity or certain special characteristics. It is not uncommon to find that the victim has been spurning the love attempts of the assailant which continue to the fateful day when the assailant takes full advantage of the prevailing circumstances either in the hope of succeeding in his amorous exploits by forcing the victim to comply and rape being a punishment for non compliance.

The Child Rape – this may vary from an infant to an older girl that attends primary school to a much older girl in her teens. The minor girl may be forced into the situations by being threatened or being promised certain benefits. The girl due to ignorance gives in to the assailant.

Children that pursue attention seeking behaviour, use their eyes and limbs and freely touch any stranger unknown to them often the ones that are involved.

The College Girl Rape – this is often seen in a teenager that may proceed into a sexually compromising situation either after being drugged or may be raped by her partner while she does not comply for the completion of the sexual act with a partner that cannot control himself

at this juncture.

The Retarded Girl Rape – very often mentally retarded girls who are ignorant and keep quiet are the victims and very often for days no one knows about the incident until an accidental pregnancy is detected.

War Rapes – these are situations where rape is used as a method of exercising control over a defeated nation. Rape in warfare is a planned strategy as well as an impulse motivated act geared towards the complete demoralization of the defeated side as a part of the intended act to crush any semblance of national spirit or pride.

Gang rape – when more than two assailants are involved in raping a single victim then the phenomenon is termed a gang rape.

The Profile of the Rapist – The Power Rapist – here for the rapist rape is a means by which he reassures himself of his sexual adequacy and manhood. The rape is pre-meditated and preceded by an obsession fantasy of victim resistance which he finds highly desirable. Such a rapist shows little skills in negotiating inter personal relationships and sexual as well as non sexual areas of his life. The victims usually lie in their own age group.

The Anger Rapist – here the anger rapist expresses his anger, rage, contempt using typical brutality. His aim to vent his rage against women and to retaliate the perceived wrongs and rejections that he suffered against the hands of women. These rapists often find no sexual satisfaction in rape and anger is the sole motive.

The Sadistic Rapist – here both sexuality and aggression become fused into a single experience called sadism.

The offender finds maltreatment of his victim intensely gratifying and may subject the victim to abusive acts like biting and burning certain specific body parts or sexual areas.

The Child Rapist – this is often seen in rapists that have a feeling of inferiority and a child is selected for the act as there shall be less resistance as well as physical and psychological threat from the victim to the assailant.

The rapist may be one who is sexually immature and may feel inadequate in the presence of an adult.

The Alcoholic Rapist – here rape is committed by a rapist that is under the influence of alcohol and controls are lost and consciences are quelled like wise. These are people that often get strong sexual urges under the influence of alcohol and if no outlet is provided they resort to rape to fulfil their urge.

The Mentally Ill Rapist – here rapists commit rape as part of abnormal mental process where can hardly be held responsible for the rape when it occurs. They are often very aggressive and brutal and may even resort to murder after the rape.

Certain brain tumours in the temporal lobes of the brain may cause an intense sexual urge that may cause an individual to seek satisfaction via rape though these cases are extremely rare.

Motivational Factors that Underlie Rape – A pent of sexual urge that has sought expression from time to time but was frustrated and finally reached expression via rape.

Sadistic tendencies that have a deep seated basis and the desire to make victims suffer with rape being one of the ways.

Hatred against women with a pleasure in their suffering.

The aggressive criminal who has no real reason but rather just wishes to cause suffering to others.

Today forcible sexual assault has become a critical issue in our society and human service providers are being asked day in and day out to

Dr. Avinash De Souza

Dr. Avinash De Sousa, Masters in Counselling & Psychotherapy, and MBA in HRD, is a leading consultant Psychiatrist, Psychotherapist and Counsellor.

Visiting faculty and Professor at Teacher Training centres across Mumbai, he also teaches Psychiatry, Child Psychology and Psychotherapy at over 15 mainstream institutions. His main areas of interest are 'alcohol dependence', 'child and adolescent psychiatry', 'mental retardation', 'autism' and 'developmental disabilities'.

Dr. Avinash De Sousa is the Director – Institutional Development, and Head of Academics of the Institute of Psychotherapy and Management Sciences. Winner of several prestigious awards and memberships, he has to his credit over 60 publications in national and international journals.

Beginning this month, Whiteline Flash is proud to present a few of his scholarly articles.

address themselves to this serious social problem. Psychiatrists, psychologists, criminologists, social workers, crisis counsellors, judges, attorneys, law enforcers, police officers, teachers, nurses and anyone concerned with the issue of rape has to wake up and come together to end this vexing problem.

As individuals we strive hard in our own ways to help victims of rape but working together we can surely make a difference.

Can a man be raped?

Everyday we come across number of cases about women being raped by men. But seldom do we hear about a man being raped by a woman. The incident happened few years back in Bihar, where a woman MLA allegedly raped her personal bodyguard. Sasidharan Nair discusses the issue in the light of Indian Penal Code

According to Aristotle, the rules of man and woman's morality are different in many respects. It is possible that a man's moral quality may be excellent, but it may not be so about woman and vice versa.

However, according to Indian Penal Code (IPC), introduced by the British in 1860, which was made to suit their own needs and to take advantage of the situation to rule India, the section 375 deals with rape and the nature of rape is described in six different ways. It is a scientifically proven fact that a man has more physical strength than a woman does. There are exceptions and women can be physically stronger than men. Nevertheless, nowhere in IPC section 375 it is mentioned or interpreted about rape that in exceptional cases a woman

can make forcible sexual intercourse with a man either by physical force, money, and threat, blackmail, misuse of official position or by any other means.

We come across the news of rape, molestation, sexual abuses, blackmailing for sexual favours etc by men almost every day. However, we seldom, nay never, read news of a woman sexually abusing or forcibly indulging in sexual intercourse with a man. But, such incidents are happening in the inner circles of our society and almost all of these go unnoticed or unreported.

The main reason is that our traditional society is not ready to accept the fact that a woman can forcibly have sexual intercourse with a man. Many might think discussing about this subject is absurd, stupid and a taboo. But in the present scenario, this is really a social issue.

There have been incidents where a

woman forcibly had sexual intercourse with a man. This is a typical example of a rape by a woman and it happened in Bihar.

Though, the act went on episode after episode like a mega television serial since the last few years, the shocking news came out from the victim recently. The alleged culprit is a Congress MLA and the victim is her youthful personal bodyguard.

In November 2007 assembly election, a Congress woman candidate won from Korha at Kathiayawad district in Bihar and became the MLA. During the election period and post-election period, a man from Bihar state police was deputed as the woman MLA's personal bodyguard. After becoming MLA, she got allotment of two flats at MLA quarters; in one flat she stayed, and in the other her personal bodyguard and driver stayed.

During the election and after

winning the election, she treated her bodyguard like a brother. But after her stay at the MLA quarters, her behaviour towards him changed.

Then one night she raped him and threatened that she will destroy him if he goes and exposes the truth. The act went on episode after episode for two years. In between, the bodyguard was transferred from Patna to Kathiawar. But, the Congress MLA summoned him to Patna and continued the alleged 'rape' episode.

Interestingly, her husband, relatives and friends were aware of her illicit relations with her bodyguard. She was mad after her bodyguard and used her power to retransfer the bodyguard from Kathiawar to Patna and on February 2008, he was transferred to Patna.

He was staying 30 kilometres away from the MLA quarters and used to travel all the way for his job. The woman threatened, blackmailed, and forced him to act according to

her.

The bodyguard was fed up and decided to get away from her gambit. He called a press conference and revealed everything to press people showing his photographs with the MLA and her love letters written to him. In order to establish his proximity with her in front of the press reporters, he called the MLA on her mobile. Convinced by his revelation, reporters published the news story, mainly in vernacular newspapers in Patna.

The MLA was shocked to read the news. However, she immediately denied it and said, "People who are jealous and envy my prosperity are behind to tarnish my name and image. The truth is that he had asked me Rs 10,00,000 and I refused to give the amount. This is his revenge to vilify me. I'll take appropriate legal action against him."

The outcome of the incident is exciting: The MLA has

7

6

March 19-25, 2010

Flash WHITELINE

SPECIAL STORIES

MEDIA WORLD When the name of a contemporary publication or new publication or any new developments in the media world is to be reported, generally the main stream newspapers deliberately black out the news or try to avoid or cleverly omit the name of other publication. This phenomenon is taken as granted and awfully misunderstood as the hall mark of the new generation editors and journalists. The launching of The Sunday Guardian by renowned editor, journalist and writer M.J. Akbar was not reported by the main stream newspapers. Similarly a recent world record glory of MidDay has not been reported by the main stream print media.

Healthy competition between newspapers in news reporting is always a welcoming trend.

However, mere greed and egoism shout not be encouraged in the media world.

The Sunday Guardian Veteran editor, journalist and writer M.J. Akbar's MJP Media Pvt. Ltd. has launched The Sunday Guardian, a weekly newspaper, on 31 s t January in New Delhi.

Renowned lawyer Ram Jethmalani joined in November, 2009 as chairman of the board of MJP Media Pvt. Ltd. Akbar is the Editor of the paper, while Sonia Bakshi is the Marketing Head.

The 40-page weekly newspaper priced at Rs. 3 is published every Sunday from New Delhi. The paper is also available in London as India on Sunday.

The 20-page main section of The

Sunday Guardian has one page of city news, two pages of (covert) investigations, three pages of national news, one page of the week in review, a two-page picture essay, four pages of comment and analyses, two pages of business, one page of south Asia, one page of world news, and one page of offbeat news.

The masthead of the 20-page supplement, Guardian20, is larger than the main masthead. The design, layout and mix of both the main paper and the supplement remind the reader of The Asian Age, the paper Akbar launched after leaving The Telegraph; some of the typography and notches have shades of The Guardian, London.

“Delhi has never had a newspaper created specifically for Sunday,” claims the inaugural editorial, forgetting the existence of The Sunday Mail (which had Sunil Sethi, Coomi Kapoor, et al on the staff) and the Delhi edition of The Sunday Observer of Vinod Mehta more than 15 years ago.

“Creating a newspaper is tricky.

The Indian reader is both savvy and demanding. As the tightrope walker says, balance is essential. Sunday is a day of repose and reflection, with time to delve into matters missed in the mad rush of the six working days.

Our first rule was simple: a newspaper is news printed on paper. But the horizon of news cannot be limited to the familiar, and must stretch concerns of governance, social change, business to the exciting aesthetic of the unique visual and many-coloured kaleidoscope of life

outside politics. Leisure is too precious to be downgraded into frivolous.”

Commenting on the launch of 'The Sunday Guardian', Akbar said, “There was a weekend space in the market and we wanted to utilise it.

So, we decided to launch the weekly English newspaper. The paper targeted at educated, conscious and aware young elites. In India, we have launched it for the Delhi market as of now. The paper will also be available in London under the name 'India on Sunday'. The newspaper is completely advertisement driven.”

Meanwhile, the group has undertaken an outdoor campaign involving 25 hoardings across the Capital to promote the weekly newspaper.

Akbar is also the Chairman of the fortnightly news magazine 'Covert', which was launched in May 2008.

He is also the founder and former Editor-in-Chief and Managing Director of The Asian Age, a daily multi-edition Indian newspaper with a global perspective. Akbar was also the Editor-in-Chief of Hyderabadbased The Deccan Chronicle.

Kerala in Mumbai An English magazine, 'Kerala in Mumbai', has been launched at Nehru Centre in Mumbai by Maharashtra Governor K Sankaranarayanan on 7th February.

K V Sathyanath is the Editor of the magazine and P Vijay Kumar is its Managing Editor. Noted Writer, Journalist and Professor P.K. Ravindranath, is the Consulting

When will Maharashtra revoke the ban on sex education?

On March 29, 2007 Maharashtra government agreed to ban sex education in school together with Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. Was it a pseudo act compelled by mediocrity of elected politicians who are only interested in to represent them in full egoism and audacity rather than representing the whole people of his or her constituency?

We reproduce a news item appeared on March 30, 2007 in this regard. Now Maharashtra is second in India for child rape cases. After reading the articles published across in this issue of Whiteline Flash, we want to know Maharashtra still wants to ban sex education. Please send in your comments.

Maharashtra govt bans sex education books TNN, Mar 30, 2007, 07.18pm IST MUMBAI: The Democratic Front government of Maharashtra followed in the footsteps of the BJP governments in Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat on Friday by banning sex education books prescribed by the CBSE. Prior to the announcement made by minister of education, Hassan Mushriff, the state legislative assembly was adjourned for 30 minutes and the minister was

gheraoed by members who demanded a ban on sex education books. Some members even tore copies of the controversial books to express their protest.

The issue of sex education books was raised in the house by Rajendra Patni of Shiv Sena and Shobha Phadanvis of the BJP by way of calling attention motion objecting to the pictures and method of teaching sex education, especially in the sixth standard.

The minister said the provisions under which the state government had banned controversial book by American author James Laine would be used to ban these sex education books.

Under fire from members from treasury and opposition benches, the minister also declared that the adolescence sex behaviour programme scheduled to be introduced from the next academic year stands cancelled.

While tabling the calling attention motion, Patni alleged that the state government was influenced by the West and by agencies like UNICEF which wanted sex education to be introduced from the sixth standard.

Members said though the aim to impart sex education was per se not objectionable, the manner in which it was introduced in the schools was

improper.

"The message reaching younger generation will be different from what the government aimed at.

Instead of having a healthy attitude towards sex, the images currently used actually harm young and impressionable minds. These books are so bad and lacking in sensitivity that they will destroy Indian culture," Phadanvis warned.

Members who spoke on the issue lamented that the books prescribed

by CBSE had not taken into Indian sensibilities into consideration and had just copied books from western universities.

These books will create "Sex Gurus" instead of educating students, observed NCP leader Nawab Malik outside the house.

Members from the upper house had also opposed these sex education books when the issue was raised on Thursday.

The issue was raised by the leader of the opposition Pandurang Phundkar (BJP). DF sources said the government had to ban the books since several MLAs belonging to the ruling coalition had also expressed their strong resentment.

YOUR RESPONSE: Please send in your response to: whitelineflash@gmail.com

Editor.

In and around Mumbai there are an estimated 3 million Keralites residing for last several decades, a release said adding, the magazine has been brought out with the objective of reaching out to the second and third generation of Keralities living in the metropolis.

Mid-Day sets world record Recently India's leading Afternooner Mid-Day created world record by receiving six nominations at INMA 2010 MiD DAY has bagged the maximum number of Finalists for Marketing Campaigns (6) across the world at the prestigious INMA (International News Media Marketing Association) Awards 2010 to be held at New York, USA on April 28.

MiD DAY bagged the highest number of finalists from 57 newspapers in 19 countries. The awards announcements will take place at the 80th Annual INMA World Congress at the Marriott Marquis in New York. From the finalists, 30 first-place award recipients across three circulation groups in 10 categories will be publicly announced. All finalists will be featured in the 2010 edition of "Best In News media Marketing," a multi-media digital report chronicling the honourees of the INMA Awards competition.

"Being selected a finalist for the coveted INMA Award is a reward unto itself," said Earl J. Wilkinson, executive director of INMA. "In

New York, we will learn who the 'elite of the elite' will be from marketing campaigns in the past year."

Says Manajit Ghoshal, MD & CEO MiD DAY Infomedia Limited, "Marketing at MiD DAY believes in creating benchmarks for its efforts year on year. With 6 marketing campaigns declared as finalist this year, the highest across the world, it indeed is a memorable way to build brand MiD DAY. Year on year wins from prestigious international forums like INMA and IFRA are a testament to the excellent value and innovative solutions delivered by MiD DAY to its clients".

Adds Neville Bastawalla, Head, Marketing MiD DAY Infomedia, "MiD DAY strongly believes in delivering marketing messages that create maximum impact among the desired target audience. MiD DAY's constant marketing innovations amplify the brand and mission by many folds. Pitch Brand-O-Meter has already declared MiD DAY as the No.1 newspaper in the innovations category in India and 6 marketing campaigns as finalist this year at the INMA are a global recognition of this effort."

Judging for the 2010 competition featured 23 top executives from media companies, product manufacturers, and consulting firms worldwide. Judges came from countries such as Australia, Canada, Finland, Guatemala, Iceland India, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, The Netherlands, Pakistan, Peru, South Africa, and the United States.

Sex education should not be taboo for children Jayaraj People in our country get embarrassed the moment you utter the S-word. Most of all our politicians. They are the gatekeepers of morality in our country after all. Where would we be without them? That's why, in their wisdom, they have stopped sex education being introduced in our state for the umpteenth year in a row.

Having lived and gone to school in the US for four years, I am one of the few students in the state who has actually been given sex education. I didn't actually know it at the time because it was taught under Health Education.

There are many misconceptions about sex education. The first is that it teaches innocent young children how to have sex. Firstly, by ninth standard there really aren't any innocent students. They say school kids, nowadays, are experimenting more with sex than the previous generation. Well this may make me sound pretty old, even though it's just been 4 years since I left school.

But I knew kids in school in India who'd had sex in standard eight.

Secondly, sex education doesn't teach students the mechanics of sex.

It's much more like a biology lesson than anything else. I actually learned about the act when I observed some of my schoolmates making some

obscene gestures and then realised that what I'd learned this in health class.

I think the problem of introducing sex education in India is political more than anything else. A lot of what we learned in health class in seventh standard is actually in the biology syllabus of class twelve in India. But since not everybody takes biology in Std 12, many students miss out on some essential information.

It would be a capital idea to simply introduce the human reproductive system into the science syllabus in Std 9. When it's science, after all, nobody, not even politicians take much offence. And students get some much needed information.

Such as how AIDS spreads. How pregnancy occurs (no more Aishwarya Rai in 'Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam', thinking Salman will get her pregnant by kissing her). And how to be safe and healthy. They deserve that much.

Flash WHITELINE

DOMBIVLI’S PRIDE

7

March 19-25, 2010

NATARANG

A film on the tragedy of an artist

Shivangi Bangera

Cast: Atul Kulkarni, Sonali Kulkarni, Vibhavari Deshpande, and Kishor Kadam Director: Ravi Jadhav Dialogues and Lyrics: Guru Thakur Music: Ajay and Atul

Derived from Anand Yadav's Marathi novel Natarang, the movie is about a common labourer falling prey to the glory of the Marathi folk art called Tamasha. The film majorly focuses on the tragedy of an artist who stands upright in spite of

losing his own identity and family.

Someone has rightly said, “The Show must go on.” The saying suits the film in every way. And Apart from that, the film also brings out the brutal realities and the gender politics in an ambitious artist's life.

He who dreams of playing the role of a king falls to the state of being a eunuch but returns back to the world of art and theatre that never leaves him.

The story starts when Gunavantrao, watching a Laavni (a folk dance form of Maharashtra) and aspires to start his own theatre group. For starting the theatre group, he needs a good dancer and then for a Mavshi or Nachya (male performing the female character). The scene in which dresses like a King in the rain leaves an immense tragic impact. Later, he willingly learns the feminine ways of walking and speaking with grace and those expressive ways typically followed by a woman. He is greatly admired as the feminine Guna (Nachya) by the audience but his family including his in laws rejects him saying this brings insult and shame for the family.

Nevertheless, Guna works as

Parents should learn to say 'NO' to their wards NO is no longer a simple word with two alphabets. The simple word NO has useful implication in our daily lives. It is very important for us to say NO however dear the concerned person or the situation is to you. It is more applicable in case of the parent- child relationship.

This is an example from the life of a school going boy. Recently, heard about Nilesh Shetty, (name changed to protect identity) a 9-year-old boy, studying in fourth standard, who eloped from his home without giving any clue of his whereabouts.

He then went to a shopkeeper and requested him to give a job so that he could earn his livelihood. He also lied to them saying that he has lost his parents and that he stays with his uncle and aunt who continuously torture him. The shopkeeper called up a childcare institution and sent him there; this institution in turn informed the Police station. It was

later, discovered that Nilesh was lying to all of them about the details he gave of himself and his family.

Actually, he belongs to a good family, his mother a house wife and his father a middle class working man. The only reason for his eloping was his mother's refusal to send him for a swimming class and the fact that she did not allow him to wear his new shoes.

In a discussion arranged at the Chandrakant Patkar Vidyalaya, the psychiatrist, Adwait Padhye, said the parents should be able to differentiate between the pampering and the appreciation they offer to their child. Appreciation offers them enthusiasm whereas pampering spoils them. The child specialist Ramesh Phadnavis also added that parents should be able to see their child crying if the situation demands so. The child should be prepared to face the consequences of his own

deeds. Along with the mental and physical growth, the child's psychological growth is also important. At the same time, when they are restricted to do something, the parents should give him satisfactory reasons for it.

Nowadays it seems that a child cannot take NO as the answer from parents because he or she was at the receiving end of maximum luxuries since childhood. Children are pampered with good care and attention. Amidst parent's struggle to provide the child with maximum comfort, they forget that they are spoiling the child and the child takes disadvantage of this love care, attention and appreciation.

If the child would have been used to the parent saying 'NO's, he would not have taken such a severe step or blabbered that a dreadful lie. Too much of any of the extreme creates a problem.

Shivangi Bangera

Nachya until one fine day he finds out that he has lost his male dignity.

He tries to regain it by playing the role of a man but the society does not accept him as a man again. His theatre group also gets some good offers because of him being a feminine Guna. In the process dirty politics are being played behind him and himself being abused by some village authorities. He is also kept unaware of his father's demise because of the sudden offer for the next show. The audience grieves with the character and sympathizes with him. Although, is criticized for his infidelity which cannot be justified.

The movie is blessed with good script, great actors, and simple but straightforward dialogues. The lead actor Atul Kulkarni is at his best and there are no words to describe him in that feminine look. Great make up!

There is no single scene in the movie, which gives you a larger than

life picture; may it be events, incidents or the characters. This provides the movie with a complete human touch. Though the movie is quite tragic, there is never a moment of boredom. The fabulous music of Ajay-Atul and the dazzling Laavnis shown in the movie balances it all.

The well-written script, dialogues and fabulous music, and the brilliant actors together with our Dombivli's own debut director Ravi Jadhav have been an excellent team.

Overall, the story revolves around Guna who is a simple labourer enamoured by the glory of folk art questioning the norms of society. He can be blamed for being an irresponsible father and a bad husband who is unable to meet the needs of his family. However, the bottom line is that he is admired for being a good actor and for possessing that undefeated spirit to start all over again in the same field with the same enthusiasm.

Can a man be raped? been removed from the leadership of Bihar Congress Women's Wing and her bodyguard has been suspended from service for calling a press conference without the permission of his superiors. The MLA's husband, who is a railway employee, proclaimed, "I have full faith in my wife."

The Congress leadership will not expel her from the party and the people who exercised their franchises have no authority to remove her from the MLA position. Now, it is to be ascertained whether our present law has the provision and power to book her for rape.

Indian Penal Code Sections 376, 376A, B, C and D deals with the punishment for rape. In my opinion, appropriate additions, changes or amendments need to be made in the Indian Penal Code by the parliament and if necessary, new sections should be added to address the sexual offences committed by a woman against a man. Any disparity and haziness in the law should be debated and corrective measures should be taken.

I recall an incident occurred in April 2008. At a meeting held of a group of ministers in New Delhi, the then Union Minister for Women and Child Development, Renuka Choudhary said that if any man is found in a brothel with a minor girl, then he be charged with rape or attempt to rape and a punishment of minimum period of seven years will be awarded, and the responsibility to prove his innocence would lie with the accused.

If that is the case then I would like to ask Renuka Choudhary or ladies and gentlemen of similar mindsets that under which section or sections of IPC the above case be charged?

IN NEXT ISSUE: How easy to go scot-free or get slight punishment, if at all the prosecution can prove the crime in a rape, and the various loop holes of Indian penal code 375 and its various sub-sections introduced by the British in 1860 which we are blindly following even in 2010.

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March 19-25, 2010

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