Poultry Digest October/November 2016 by Primary Media

poultrydigest www.primarymedia.com.au

October/November 2016

Volume 32, Number 2

Pro Wash demonstrates new Electrostatic spray unit

New MD for 23rd AECL Industry Forum

Novus Master Class in Poultry Nutrition

Print Post Approved PP243096/00007 ISSN 1444-8041

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Volume 32, Number 2

Dave Cooper, operator of the Pro Wash Eletrostatic Poultry House Sprayer.

October/November 2016

EDITORIAL & DESIGN EDITOR: JOURNALIST/PHOTOGRAPHER PRODUCTION EDITOR

Peter Bedwell Alex Bedwell Rosemary Embery

ADVERTISING Peter Bedwell Mob: 0419 235 288 Email: primarymedia@bigpond.com

Features Page 10: Pro Wash demonstrates new spray unit by Alex Bedwell

Page 18: How much cold pressed canola meal can we use in layer diets? by Momenuzzaman Bhuivan and Bob Swick

Page 32: Feed granulometry and the importance of feed particle size in layers News Page 4: University of Sydney runs workshops on Avian Influenza risk mitigation Page 16: AECL’s new Managing Director Page 22: New MD for 23rd AECL Industry Forum Page 28: Once the world’s biggest layer farms was right here in Australia Page 42: Novus Master Class in Poultry Nutrition Product News

Page 36: Danisco recieves award for Syncra Page 36: International Phytate Summit Page 43: Roxell gears up for the future with new controller

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NEWS

University of Sydney runs workshops on Avian Influenza risk mitigation The University of Sydney and cosponsors (Woolworths, Poultry CRC and Animal Health Australia) ran the first of three workshops on Avian Influenza Risk Mitigation for the Australian poultry industry on November 17 at its Camden Campus. It also ran the workshops at Maitland in NSW and Frankstown in Victoria in the following week. Dr Clive Jackson, the co-ordinator of the workshops, stated that “the purpose of the workshops is to provide industry participants, including growers and administrators, with a better understanding of biosecurity planning for farms,” he said. “The information delivered will be the result of recent research conducted on AI mitigation and some of the identified priorities for biosecurity programs for farmers. “There will be the opportunity to participate in an open forum as well as discussions in a round table format,” Dr Jackson told Poultry Digest prior to the first workshop held at Camden. After Dr Jackson explained the order of events, Dr Angela Scott gave a presentation of her PhD studies involving a highly detailed on-farm survey involving camera analysis and how this could be interpreted as risk assessment. “Farmers in the Sydney Basin, and SE Qld were randomly selected, the project was explained to them and they were invited to participate in the project,” Dr Scott explained. “Seventy-three commercial chicken farms were visited – nine cage layer, nine barn laid, 25 free range layer, 15 conventional broiler and 15 free range broiler farms participated in the survey. “Water source and use was an important factor in the survey: drinking water is treated on 96% of the farms (chlorination in 81% of examples). “Water is also used for environmental control methods, foggers, cooling pads and irrigation of the range area. Most farms used water from the same source as the drinking water but some used a different source where that water was not treated,” she said. “Wildlife camera trapping using fixed location motion sensor cameras (24/7 infrared mode at night) were

placed on 30 farms to assess wild bird activity. “This generated more than 31,000 images (1037 per farm) where 4% showed wild life present. In summarising this critical aspect of the survey exercise, Dr Scott stated that “the farm survey and camera work has given us a better understanding of the management practices, biosecurity levels and farm design of the commercial farm types of the NSW chicken industry. “There is room for improvement in biosecurity across all farm types but particularly for layer farms (notably cage layer farms) and wild birds overall are frequent visitors to chicken farms in general,” she said. “Key aims of the assessment were to identify pathways of exposure of commercial birds to Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI) viruses from wild birds in different types of farms. “Also to identify pathways of spread of LPAI infected birds between sheds and between farms and to estimate the probabilities of these ‘pathways’ occurring. “Finally to identify most likely pathways of exposure and spread and those practices driving the probabilities.” In quantifying the probability of AI virus exposure and spread, Dr Scott used Monte Carlo stochastic simulation

Top: The workshop at Camden. Above: Dr Angela Scott detailed her on-farm survey. modelling (@RISK 7.0) then used ‘Scenario trees’ developed to depict all potential pathways for exposure and spread. Summarising her Scenario tree modelling (exposure and spread) Dr Scott stated that, “flock size increases

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NEWS v

the expected number or exposures and that the most influential inputs on the probability of exposures are, the proportion of waterfowl on the farm, the presence of waterfowl in range and feed storage areas and the prevalence of AI in wild birds (accurate information on prevalence of AI in wild birds is required to precict AI outbreaks). “Probability of spread is influenced by production (ie eggs vs meat) and management (free range vs non free range) type. “LPAI spread risk is higher in free range than on non-free range, and higher on egg farms than broiler farms. “Sharing equipment between sheds is a most likely pathway of shed to shed disease spread,” Dr Scott said. Pick up trucks (both dead and alive birds) is a most likely pathway for farm to farm spread, but all other pathways must be considered and all related to farm hygiene,” she added. In explaining the significance of water and AI, Dr Scott stated that eliminating pathways of exposure via water leads to only a 2% reduction of an HPAI outbreak because her survey showed that 96% of farms treat their water, however for the small number of farms that use untreated surface water, there is a 50% increase in the probability that an HPAI outbreak will occur. “It is extremely important that producers continue to treat their water, especially if they use a surface water source, not just for drinking but for any other aspects of farm production,” she emphasised. In summarising her highly detailed research program Dr Scott confirmed a lot of the already known risk factors in regards to any AI outbreak. “Wild birds commonly visit poultry farms and there is room for improvement in biosecurity across the industry. “Waterfowl presence on the property highly influences the probability of exposure and reducing the pathways that lead to LPAI exposure significantly reduces the probability of a HOAI outbreak: water treatment is extremely important. “LPAI spread is more likely in free range farms, and HPAI spread is more likely in layer farms. “Sharing equipment between sheds is a most likely pathway for shed to shed spread and pick up trucks between farms a most likely pathway for farm to farm spread,” she said. “When HPAI is detected in a shed, it is very likely that it has already spread

to other sheds on the farm but between shed biosecurity can significantly reduce the probability of spread. “As the proportion of free range farms increases, the probability of an HPAI outbreak in the industry increases too. “AI is a virus with a high transmission rate: both layer and meat producing enterprises contribute to this probability equally,” Dr Scott concluded. Dr Clive Jackson spoke next on ‘Biosecurity manuals/QA programs and biosecurity priorities identified from the national forum. “There have been more than 40 different technical manuals/QA programs written on this subject during the past 50 years,” he pointed out. “Avian Influenza risk mitigation for the Australian poultry industry and the principal recommendations from the National Forum (held in August 2016) were:1. The research undertaken has identified risks associated with specific areas of biosecurity, especially water, wild bird management and feed storage areas and these should be identified in manuals and rewritten to reflect the level of risk. 2. Adoption of research findings from the project requires additional thought to be given to manual content that reflects industry chages (i.e increased numbers of free range operations) and new knowledge (new shed and equipment designs) and additionally are appropriate for the non aligned sector, are able to be adopted, and are cost/ benefit considered and explained 3. The manuals should have mandatory ‘must’ instruction and should be more targeted. The manuals should be extended to include food pathogens and be auditable by industry and independently. They should refer to only one level of biosecurity (i.e Level 2-high risk) and should be based on the assumption that LPAI is already present on farm. 4. Although the modelling studies were constrained by lack of data on LPAI subtypes in Australia, they did provide improved definition of the risks of introduction of LPAI virus into different farm types and should be further developed. 5. Improved risk analysis could be achieved through the provision of data from additional passive surveillance both national and on-farm, and the use of sentinel flocks. The methods and benefits of surveillance should be explained in the manual, Dr Jackson said.

Dr Clive Jackson. Key outcomes from the project and the Forum impacting on biosecurity manuals were considerations such as location and development of the poultry industry (distance apart, public roads etc.), water fowl and risk of carriers of LPAI (aversion methods, feed spillage etc) and flock size effect (large cage and free-range enterprises). Also the dangers of mixed poultry enterprises, especially farming ducks and other poultry together, the need for surveillance such as disease monitoring and water fowl behaviour. And the risks of horizontal contacts through bird transport, egg cartons, egg crates. Following lunch participants formed round table groups to discuss and expand ideas on biosecurity improvements. The work of Dr Angela Scott has created the groundwork for specific recommendations to improve biosecurity in an industry whose management strategies are changing to suit consumer attitudes and the preferences they drive through retailers. Her work and other recent studies, particularly from the Poultry Research Science group at Sydney University, delivers not only guidelines to industry, but scientifically based information to regulators, animal welfare and consumer groups, as well as retailers. It could help them all be more aware of the risks as well as the rewards of changing management and rearing protocols to suit often ill informed influencers in society as a whole.

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Electrostatic Poultry House Sprayer coating Roxell feeders and drinkers

Pro Wash demonstrates new spray unit

By ALEX BEDWELL

nce again Poultry Digest has visited the four shed poultry farm run by Lisa and Rod Grant in the Hunter Valley to understand how their latest new product, the Electrostatic Poultry House Sprayer functions and to report on their new cost-effective shed that was built in just under three weeks, start to finish. “The technology for the spray unit was developed in the US originally, for the purpose of agricultural spraying to ensure chemicals used actually reached the underside of the leaf where the pests were often located,” said Lisa. “Over the past 10 years the use of this technology has expanded to being used in a multitude of industrial, sanitation and agricultural industries around the world.

“We came up with the idea of utilising this technology for the purpose of spray sanitising poultry sheds. “This unit is the first of its kind and we believe it will revolutionise the way in which we carry out this process. “Our reason for developing this system was based on improving the coverage while reducing the volume of solution sprayed in the shed. “The electrostatic technology implementing a high pressure mist, ensures a complete wrap around effect ensuring coverage of all surfaces and equipment within the shed. “It also means a reduction in the volume of liquid needed, unlike a high pressure blaster, which means that the sheds are left much drier which is a huge advantage in achieving shorter turnaround times. “Batch turnaround times have decreased over the years and do not look like changing anytime soon due to commercial pressures. “The shorter turnaround times means that we no longer have the down time to let the sheds ‘rest’ between batches. This increases poultry industry biosecurity risks so now there is a clear need to to improve the effectiveness of the clean-out processes. “Traditional spray equipment requires a large volume of water, around 400 litres, as it is the carrying agent needed to achieve adequate surface coverage.

“Most of what is sprayed into the shed hits the surface and then drips or runs off and saturates the floor. “Also there is no guarantee that all surfaces are covered and whether there has been sufficient contact time for adequate disinfection. “Now due to tight time constraints, usually the day after disinfection, the grower has to start setting up the shed in readiness for the next batch and possibly ends up placing fresh bedding material onto the damp floor. “Then as the shed is heated, an environment is created which is ideal for pathogen growth – a situation that negates the very reason we spray disinfect in the first place,” Lisa explained. “The combination of electrostatic technology and lower spray volumes reduce both chemical run-off and spray drift, so it is much better from an environmental standpoint. The net results show a 300% better coverage of the shed while still saving a huge amount of chemicals with a lot less wastage. “The EPA likes this product because there is no chemical run-off or spray drift which is good for the neighbouring areas and surrounding sensitive crops. “As we have received a lot of interest in the product around Australia we are in the process of establishing Pro Wash Poultry Spray Divisions in major grow-out areas across the country,” Lisa explained.

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“We believe it will offer the industry a unique opportunity to reduce bacteria and disease.” The spray system will also have significant application in the breeder and hatchery operations, as well as for use at the farm gate entry and in the wash down of trucks. The price will include a service contract as the equipment does require regular maintenance in order to be reliable in prolonged operations. Poultry Digest observed the Electrostatic Spray Unit in operation in the new shed that was recently constructed by Etienne Mifsud and his team from R&E Sheds. Lisa and Rod were very happy with the construction of the conventional 21.3 by 105m tunnel ventilated shed as it was a completed in a remarkable 14 working days, ready for Patarker to start installing all the equipment. “We are able to prefabricate some of the structure off-site and have gained the experience necessary to build a shed in the shortest possible time,” Etienne told Poultry Digest. “We know the short building times help grower profitability, and that’s important to us. “Being cost competitive is critical but we balance that against delivering a quality shed quick smart. It’s a fine balance but we can do it and the result is happy customers. “Our big shed designs have proved to be popular in an industry where efficiency is very important. We are pleased that Rod and Lisa are happy with what we delivered,” Etienne said. Patarker was responsible for installing all the equipment. When Poultry Digest spoke to Michael Bigeni from Partaker he was also impressed with the speed with which the shed went up. Rod and Lisa have used Patarker before and believe that not only do they supply great equipment at affordable prices but it’s also the service and backup that’s important. “Their service is second to none,” said Lisa. “Nothing is too much trouble and they respond to emergencies 24/7.” The minimum ventilation system is Fancom as are the ‘smart’ chimney fans and controllers. Partaker supplied the new Titan low energy fans, also Roxell feeders and drinkers. The cool pad set up is Hired Hand as are the shed gas heaters. The new silos were installed by H&E Silos. Pro Wash continues to bring innovation on all levels to the poultry industry, be it cleaning, odour control or just the management of modern poultey shed systems. Their new shed demonstrates their enthusiasm for high technology and shed design.

5 1. New 21.3 by 105 m tunnel ventilated shed built by R&E Sheds and fitted out by Patarker. 2. New H&E feed silos. 3. Fancom mini vents. 4. Pro Wash Poultry’s new Electrostatic Supercharged Poultry House Sprayer in action. 5. High pressure rubber spray nozzels help save water and chemicals. 6. Fancom smart chimney fan.

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NEWS

AECL’s new Managing Director The Australian Egg Corporation Limited has announced the appointment of Rowan McMonnies as its new Managing Director. AECL Chairman, Mr Jeff Ironside, welcomed Mr McMonnies on his appointment against a strong field of candidates. “I’m delighted that Rowan has accepted the role of Managing Director of AECL,” Mr Ironside said. “Rowan has a legal and compliance background and has been a key adviser to the agriculture sector and the egg industry in recent years,” Mr Ironside said. “Through his work for the industry in the free range egg standard consultation process and assisting formalise Egg Farmers of Australia, Rowan has demonstrated his ability to bring the industry together and lead it towards a position of strength and sustainability,” Mr Ironside said. “Rowan will lead AECL into an exciting new phase as we execute our new strategic plan and collaborate with an invigorated EFA and other key stakeholders to maximise benefits to levy payers. “Rowan’s expertise will also be a

Rowan McMonnies, new AECL MD valuable addition to the AECL Board,” Mr Ironside said. “This appointment comes after the resignation of our inaugural Managing Director, James Kellaway, in July. We

are grateful to James for his outstanding thirteen years of service. “His achievements with AECL have been many but most notably, building and growing an effective, green-field industry services company; growing the market for eggs by 91% in value terms; lifting egg consumption from 166 eggs per capita to 230; re-framing the way Research and Development (R&D) is funded, adopted and investment priorities determined; and building meaningful relationships with egg producers, the government and other company investors. “The strong reputation AECL enjoys is a credit to his leadership. His efforts over the past 13 years are greatly appreciated,” Mr Ironside said. Rowan McMonnies was a partner at global law firm, Baker & McKenzie. Through a focus on the agriculture sector, Mr McMonnies has advised peak state and national farming associations and key stakeholders in the egg, chicken meat, cattle, dairy, bulk grain and agricultural chemical industries. Mr McMonnies commenced with the Australian Egg Corporation Limited on October 31, 2016.

Martyn Stuart Fisher: 1954-2016 Martyn Fisher began his career with Red Comb Chemicals in South Australia at a young age under the guidance of Mr Clarrie Green before eventually becoming Equipment Manager. As the national agent for Big Dutchman and Agrologic, Red Comb Chemicals was sold and became Agcare Pty Ltd at Export Park in Adelaide. Shortly after in 1991 Martyn started his own business, Intensive Farming Supplies and by 1993 had moved his home business into a warehouse at Cavan where it remains to this day. After 25 years of faithfully serving the pig and poultry industry in Australia, IFS continues to pursue excellence in products and service. Martyn has passed the business to his three adult sons Stuart, Ryan and Daniel who are keen to see the business continue the growth it has had over many years. With Agrologic continuing to be a major supplier and other more recent manufacturers coming on board, the IFS team look forward to supporting existing and new clients for many years to come. Martyn’s contribution to the team has been instrumental in its growth and each staff member is saddened to lose both a boss and a friend and he will be sadly missed. While Martyn was healthy he was a keen supporter of Pig and Poultry Expo’s and Field Days and sadly was not able to meet many industry friends over the last few years as a result of his poor health.

The late Martyn Fisher from IFS.

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NUTRITION FEATURE

How much cold pressed canola meal can we use in layer diets? pressed canola (from Cootamundra Oilseeds Ltd) were fed. Composition of diets is shown in Table 1. Pullets were at 50% egg production at the start and the trial lasted for 20 weeks. Measurement of egg production parameters and egg quality were made. Results are shown in Tables 2 and 3 and Figure 1. Nutrient minimums used in formulating were ME 2800 Kcal/kg, SID Lysine 0.76%, Methionine 0.35%, M+C 0.69%, Tryptophan 0.16%, Threonine 0.57%, Arginine 0.79%, Isoleucine 0.59%, Valine 0.70%, Calcium 3.8%, avail P 0.3%, Sodium 0.19%, Choline 1250 ppm.

By MOMENUZZAMAN BHUIVAN and BOB SWICK

anola meal has been available for the layer feed industry in Australia for more than 30 years. However, very little has been used due to the concerns of â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;fishy taintâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; in eggs. This problem has now been solved by work of the breeders, selecting against the gene responsible for the problem. Therefore we now need to know how much canola meal can be used in layer diets, while maintaining high levels of performance. We now have a relatively new type of canola meal, called cold pressed canola meal. This meal was not previously available in large quantities. This meal is subjected to low processing temperatures, maximum 60 degrees C, compared with more than 140 degrees C for both expeller and solvent meal. This lower temperature means less damage to the protein, as shown in consistently higher reactive lysine assays for this meal. The meal contains 11% oil, a high ME level of 2650 Kcal/kg, and total lysine of 2.0%. This trial was conducted to test the inclusion of cold pressed canola meal at 10% and 20% in layer diets. Methods: Ninety Nine (99) Hy-Line Brown pullets aged 21 weeks at the start and housed in single cages were used in the trial. Diets containing 0, 10 and 20% cold

Table 1. Diets used in the trial Cold Pressed Caola Meal

10%

20%

Wheat 11 (enzyme) Soybean Meal Argentina Cold Pressed Canola Meal Canola Oil Limestone Grit DCP 18 Salt Sodium Bicarbonate L Lysine HCL DL Methionine L Threonine Vitamins/Trace Minerals Yellow Pigment Red Pigmnent Phytase1 Xylanase2

715.89 175 0 8 92 1.5 2.4 1 0.90 1.6 0.50 1 0.03 0.04 0.12 0.06

684.1 108 100 8 91 1.5 2.5 1 1.2 1.1 0.4 1 0.03 0.04 0.12 0.06

652.3 41 200 8 90 1.5 2.5 1 1.4 0/08 0/03 1 0.03 0.04 0.12 0.06

1000

Total, Kg 1

Quantum Blue 5G Econase XT (both ABVista, United Kingdom) 2

Table 2. Effect of cold pressed canola meal on egg production (0-20 weeks, 21 -41 weeks of age). 0

SEM

P values

Feed intake, g/day

117.5

117.8

116.0

0.85

0.665

FCR, g/g

1.90

1.92

0.01

0.734

Hen Day Production %

97.6

97.4

97.2

0.27

0.853

Egg size, grams

63.7

63.9

62.4

0.36

0.189

Cold Pressed Caola Meal %

Mortality, %

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Caption

NUTRITION FEATURE v

Discussion: Egg production from the pullets was extremely high, with average 97.4% for the 3 treatments compared with 93.28% from the Hy Line Brown 2016 standard. Including cold pressed canola meal at 10% and 20% had no effects on egg production parameters and maintained the extremely high levels of production of the control diet. There were no effects of cold pressed canola meal on external or internal egg quality. Sensory evaluation on samples of eggs from the 3 treatments did not reveal the presence of any ‘fishy taint’. Economics of cold pressed canola meal usage: The economics of using cold pressed canola meal in layer diets depend largely on prices for the canola meal and that of soybean meal. These of course vary over time. At the time of the trial, and using delivered feedmill prices of $450/t and $650/t for cold pressed canola meal and soybean meal, using 20% cold pressed meal would reduce cost of feed by around $25/t. Conclusion: Cold Pressed Canola Meal may be successfully used at levels of at least 20% in layer diets. Cold pressed canola meal should give worthwhile reductions in feed costs. The problem of ‘fishy taint’, which previously prevented use of canola meal at high levels, appears to be no longer present. Acknowledgement: This research was conducted within the Poultry CRC, established and supported under the Australian Government’s Cooperative Research Centres Program.

EGG PRODUCTION % 100

97.6

97.4

EGG PRODUCTION %

90 85 80 75 0

Table 3. Effect of cold pressed canola meal on egg quality measurements (at 41 weeks of age). 0%

10%

20%

SEM

P values

Shell quality Transluency score Shell reflectivity, % Breaking strength (N) Deformation, (um) Shell weight, g Shell % Shell thickness (um)

2.52 18.4 39.6 266.6 5.77 8.86 393.5

2.54 17.6 40.2 271.6 5.73 8.90 393.3

2.54 17.8 39.5 272.5 5.62 8.92 391.0

0.02 0.28 0.49 0.55 2.75 0.05 0.07

0.87 0.45 0.26 0.87 0.67 0.48 0.93

Internal quality Albumen height (mm) Haugh Unit Yolk colour score Egg yolk sensory evaluation1

10.31 99.9 10.28 None

10.01 98.6 10.19 None

10.16 99.5 10.16 None

0.11 0.47 0.11 –

0.54 0.51 0.88 –

Cold Pressed Canola Meal

*Dr Momenuzzaman Bhuiyan (mbhuiya4@une.edu.au) and Professor Bob Swick (rswick@une.edu.au) are with the School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351.

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Figure 1: Effects of cold pressed canola meal on egg production

Poultry Industry Yearbook 2017

Email: primarymedia@bigpond.com Phone: 0409 944 472

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NEWS

New MD for 23rd AECL Industry Forum The 23rd Australian Egg Industry (AECL) Forum was held on November 23/24 at the Sands Resort, Torquay Victoria. The event was possibly one of the most significant since the inception of the AECL, with a new Managing Director at the helm and the formal establishment of the Egg Farmers of Australia. AECL Chairman Jeff ironside, opened the proceedings and welcomed Rowan McMonnies as the new managing director of AECL He then acknowledged the great contribution made by outgoing MD, James Kellaway which were, ‘building and growing an effective industry services company and growing the market for eggs in value terms by 91% while growing per capita consumption from 166 to 230 per annum,”he said. Next Mr Ironside introduced the new AECLmanaging director Rowan McMonnies. “Rowan McMonnies was a partner at the global law firm of Baker & McKenzie . Through a focus on the agricultural on the agricultural sector, Rowan has advised peak state and national farming associations in the egg, chicken meat, cattle, dairy, bulk grain and agricultural chemical industries, he said. Next Mr McMonnies explaned a bit more detail on his background in advising the industry on various matters including labeling issues. “I realized that the industry was being framed by a variety of influences as being pure evil, misleading consumers and making other negative noises. “However, I got to see the industry in a different light,” he said. “AECL will work closely with Egg Farmers of Australia (EFA) in their efforts to represent farmers in front of the big decision makers. “We will work on a new strategic plan with as much engagement as is required to further the safeguards and future of the industry, and we fully realize that we are ‘playing with other people’s money and accept the responsibility that goes with this fact,” he said. David Mogford, AECL’s Program Manager for Marketing spoke next on ‘Eggstraordinary! The latest opportunities and results for eggs’. In reporting on the success of the ‘Eggs for breakfast’ promotion driven,

he said by a move away from carbbased food to protein there was clear evidence as demonstrated by empty shelves in the isles of supermarkets that consumers had really hooked onto eggs for breakfast. “Another opportunity is presented by ‘Eggs for dinner’with a good value and easy to prepare meal when compared to meat,”he said. Next he highlighted ‘Eggs for dogs’ as more than one in eight households in Australia have a dog. “Cooking eggs for yourselves, add one more for the dog. It’s healthy and easier than buying bones or meat, “ David pointed out. “Eggs should be part of a healthy happy childhood was the other initiative of the ‘unbeatable egg’,” he said. Sharon Natoli, Director of Food Nutrition Australia, illustrated her question that ‘Why Aussies need to hear that an egg a day is OK’ was backed up by reports from leading food authorities in the developed word. “There do not appear to be any increased health risks associated with the consumption of eggs. “There is recent evidence to suggest that consumption of eggs every day is not associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (Australian Dietary Guidelines 2013). “There is insufficient evidence to determine wether lowering dietary cholesterol reduces LDL cholesterol (American Heart Association 2013). “There is no recommended limit on how many eggs people should eat (UK Eat Well Guide, 2015). “The guideline recommendation to limit cholesterol consumption to 300 mg per day (an egg has roughly 200 mg cholesterol) has been dropped. The government’s expert panel said that dietary cholesterol is no longer a nutrient of concern (UK Dietary Guidelines, 2015). Under the banner of ‘Eggs OK every day’ Ms Natoli quoted the well known CSIRO dietary expert Professor Manny Noakes who recently released new findings which demonstrate that higher egg consumption is associated with having a better quality diet. It was good to see that Woolies were well represented with a team of four key executives turning up. Teresa Rendo, head of Perishables

CONTINUED ON PAGE 26 w

!. Jeff Ironside, AECL Chairman. 2. Sharon Natoli, Director of Food Nutrition, Australia. 3. David Mogford, AECL’s Program Manager for Marketing.

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NEWS v

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and Alex Holt, General Manager Quality and Sustainability, spoke and John Loader (Category Manager) and Nick Hover (Animal Welfare) were present to discuss matters with other delegates. Teresa spoke about the overall purpose of Woolies in that they “Bring a little good to everyone every day” and she described the store renewal program, including ‘fixing the basics’ that attract and keep shoppers using the company outlets. Alex spoke specifically about their egg sales noting a 4% increase in sales volume each year from 2011 onwards.. In that period cage egg sales as a percentage of the overall had dropped from 58% to 46% . “We offer a range of cage free alternatives for our budget, mainstream and premium customers which include , barn, free range and Macro Organic. “Also we have actively increased the number of small to medium scale suppliers to offer customers the choice of a locally sourced egg,” Alex said. It is interesting to note that even according to Woolies’ own research cage eggs are still the largest single category which maybe why the cage free policy of big retail keeps getting extended as to implementation date. Whatever the arguments over consumer preferences it’s good to see that Woolies turn up to be part of the discussion. New addition to the AECL board includes Daily Juice Co’s MD Charmaine England, a leading food industry entrepreneur, who thanks to her extensive skill set has a lot to offer the egg industry. Rob Peffer, whose family runs Canoblas Eggs layer farm at Molong in NSW, spoke about his Nuffield Scholarship experience. His study topics were ‘Best practice in alternative (ie no cage) and ‘Egg production, can Australian egg farmers do it better? Also, ‘What is the best way forward for the industry, or is it too late to change our course?’ He visited a larg free range farming operation in the UK, also Herbruck’s Poultry Ranch in the US. “Common characteristics,” he pointed out were “pride in their brand and attention to detail.” Rob also pointed to the situation in the US egg industry with ‘cage free’ announcements “snowballing since last year”. “As of May 2016, around 70% of

3 production was required to convert from both conventional and enriched cages to cage free in the next 8-10 years – i.e. by 2025,” he said. ‘What has gone wrong for the egg industry?’ was Rob’s next topic. “Egg farmers in developed nations around the world have lost their social licence to use cages. “Farmers have not seen consumers as stakeholders in our businesses and social media is being used as a powerful weapon. Industrial scale food production is being viewed with suspicion,” Rob said. His key recommendation was “egg farmers should unite and defend all systems on the basis that we are acting legitimately and ethically in balancing the interests of both birds and consumers. “Free range is not for everyone and just because it seems to make economic sense doesn’t necessarily make it sustainable. “Poorly sited or managed free range systems may end up undermining confidence in egg production, and consider giving some free range farming operations a long rotation as a barn system,” he said. Dr Susan Bibby, Company Veterinarian for Specialist Breeders Australia reported on options for sex determination in layer chicks in her paper, ‘The future of layer gender determination’. This is a global issue with both the US and Germany having stated goals and legislation to stop the culling of mail chicks by 2020 (USA) and 2017 (Germany). “Alternatives are to identify male embryos and remove them before hatching with an alternative use being vaccine production also to genetically modify male embryos so they have female characteristics (i.e> lay eggs),” Dr Bibby said.

1. Charmaine England, AECL. 2. Rob Peffer, Canoblas Eggs. 3. David Inall, United Egg Producers. She explained the technique of ‘Ramen Spectroscopy’ where differences between male and female embryos occur when egg are exposed to a specific laser light. “This issue will not go away. “The current techniques used by SBA are appropriate and government approved by the ‘Model Code of Practice,” she said. “Current in-ovo methods may be accurate in the laboratory, but are not yet commercially viable. “SBA is monitoring research in this area from around the world both independently and through our genetic suppliers. “We are committed to adopting new technologies as soon as they are commercially available and economically feasible,” Dr Bibby concluded. David Inall, an Australian who took up the position of Senior Vice President at United Egg Producers, a cooperative of egg farmers in all states that represents 95% of egg production, spoke about ‘Challenges and opportunities in the new millennium for the US egg industry.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 44 w

NEWS

All that remains of the once gigantic Carter layer company – now converted to industrial units.

Once the world’s biggest layer farms was right here in Australia

By PETER BEDWELL Soy Rubite, Baiada’s southern region veterinarian consultant, is a resident of Werribee and he also has a keen interest in local history. Soy is a member of a cycling group and he met Bernie Flaherty, photographer and enthusiastic local historian. On a cycling trip around the Werribee area Bernie, knowing that Soy was part of the poultry industry, pointed to some buildings, now part of a local industrial complex, and said, “those

structures were once part of the biggest layer farm in the southern hemisphere and possibly even the world back in the 1930s,” he revealed. The story is that members of the Carter family, who originated from Yorkshire and Lancashire, migrated to Australia in the early part of the twentieth century and settled in the Werribee area. According to a family history written by descendent Walter MS Carter and published in 1997, Walter Carter was 15 years old when he left the Manchester area with his parents and joined other relatives already living in Werribee. Initially apprenticed to be a blacksmith he started keeping hens in the area behind his parents’ house and by the time he completed the apprenticeship he had a flock of 2000 hens. With the aid of the extended family the enterprise grew. He took his father into partnership and they had four employees and a viable business. By 1918 construction had started on what would soon be a gigantic permanent

solid brick structure. According to the family history publication when the operation was eventually demolished in 1972, there were over 15 million bricks. The farm was called Ribblesday after the Ribble Valley near where the Carter family had migrated from in the early part of the twentieth century. “By 1922 the farm housed 25,000 birds and Walter’s brother James joined Walter and their father in the partnership of Carter Brothers,” the history records. New or improved technology was a key to the rapid expansion of the Carter Bros operations. Today there is constant discussion about ‘disruptive technology’ that dramatically changes the way we live, work and make money and it appears that our 21st Century world is dominated by the internet and computing. But 100 years ago, emerging technologies like more efficient refrigeration and transport were having the same effect on how people lived in the early part of the century.

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NEWS v

The Carter Bros used these advances to grow their business and when an epidemic caused huge numbers of cattle to be destroyed in the 1920s, the company were able to store carcasses in coolrooms and acquired new food/feed processing equipment to produce the massive quantities of feed needed to supply their ever expanding flocks. In the Manchester that the Carters left behind, the vast industrial estate in Trafford park used rail lines and trains to move components and raw materials from one plant to another. The Carters employed a similar strategy to move feed from their feed mill and processing plant to the rows of sheds. They travelled to the US and acquired the latest incubator technology which they adapted to their needs. By the late 1920s they were, by using new fleets of refrigerated ships, transporting huge quantities of egg pulp back to their homeland. In fact a fair proportion of that egg pulp would travel down the Manchester Ship Canal, an amazing engineering achievement that allowed ocean going freighters to travel from Liverpool on the coast 58 km inland to the terminal located in Trafford Park. The Carters were more than just clever layer farmers, they were social engineers as well. Huge companies like Unilever in the UK had developed not only massively efficient manufacturing capacity producing soap and detergents, but also a healthy and confortable working environment which included modern housing for their employees at Port Sunlight in North Western UK. In Werribee the Carters built sturdy cottages for their staff – using the same red clay bricks as they had for their sheds and other infrastructure. Some of these houses survive today as do the fine homes the Carters built for themselves, which are now used as aged care facilities or for other purposes. The operation continued to grow and after the end of WW2 a huge wave of migration from Europe created plenty of demand for the Carter Bros eggs. However it also bought a new problem: with the large workforce necessary to run the massive complex came unionisation and inevitably strikes. In 1948 there was a major outbreak of industrial disputation which saw all members of the extended Carter family back in the sheds and feed processing

plants that they had created to keep the operation going. So why did it all end? The huge wave of migration that started in the years after the end of WW2 created demand for land as the area around Melbourne industrialised and more homes were needed. Overseas markets in Europe became either self sufficient for egg pulp, or in the case of the UK, more protectionist as the UK prepared to join the Common Market. Amongst those millions that arrived in Australia were, in particular, migrants from Southern Europe who quickly adapted to running successful small layer farming operations on the outskirts of all our major cities. In simple terms it is possible to conclude that the need for a large industrial scale layer operation with a large transport capacity was supplanted by local supply. By 1972 the whole enterprise with the exception of a number of houses and part of a feed mill had been demolished and soon the land converted to housing for a growing population. Soy took Poultry Digest to meet a local broiler grower who remembers the Carters and the enterprise they created. “It was a great enterprise that generated prosperity in the area and helped establish the area as an excellent location for poultry production,” Ernie stated. While the Carter Brothers were exporting layer based product all the way back to the UK, in Sydney a growing enterprise was expanding

Top: Local historian Bernie Flaherty (left) with Soy Rubite from Baiada (right) and a local grower who rembers the Carters. Above: Egg scales from the 1930s in the Werribee Museum. operations to supply frozen whole chicken to the UK in the latter stages of WW2. That company was Soy’s employer Baiada, and those exports helped the company to expand to the major enterprise that it is today. Now that the UK has decided to leave the EU with its restrictions on farm imports from countries like Australia who knows, maybe once again Australian poultry products will be back on the menu! Poultry Digest would like to thank Soy Rubite and Bernie Flaherty for their time and interest. Soy was correct when he first called me and told me about the Carter enterprise – it is indeed an amazing story.

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NUTRITION FEATURE

Feed granulometry and the importance of feed particle size in layers Feed particle size is an oftenoverlooked aspect of poultry production. Producers should not assume that feed is of a uniform size and homogeneously mixed, or that the feed mill is providing the ideal mix of particles in a ration. Feed particles range in size from very fine to coarse, and different grinding methods will result in different particle size distributions. Differences in particle size within a ration can affect both the digestive system and the performance of the bird, even if the overall nutrient values are similar. Producers, therefore, should frequently evaluate feed particle size distribution and be mindful of the many variables that can affect it. The effect of feed particle size on the digestive system Digestive tract development is influenced by feed particle size. Birds consuming feed with large particles will develop larger and more muscular gizzards and longer intestinal tracts. Larger feed particles require more time in the gizzard to grind feed into smaller particles before they can enter into the small intestine. Larger feed particles have a longer transit time through the intestine. The length of microvilli in the intestine is greater, which increases the absorptive surface area, and thereby positively affects digestibility and nutrient absorption. Some researchers have speculated that the inclusion of larger feed particles in the diet increases localized digestive enzyme secretion in the small intestine, which benefits overall nutrient digestibility. When the diet is composed of predominately fine particles these smaller feed particles quickly pass through the gizzard without grinding and pass into the proventriculus. The result is a small gizzard, enlarged proventriculus and reduced intestine length. Diets containing excessive levels of fine particles should not be fed. Feed particle size of the diet plays an important role in regulating the feed intake by the bird. Optimal feed particle size increases with age with development of the beak,

> 3 mm STARTER

2-3 mm

1-2 mm

< 1 mm

1-3mm diameter, crumble feed should contain <10% fine feed particles

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10-25%

45-60%

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Figure 1: Optimal feed particle profile using the Hy-Line Sieve Shaker.

gizzard and digestive tract. The laying hen has a preference for larger particles, and the preference grows stronger with age. For the first six weeks, a starter diet is generally given as a crumble, which is made by breaking up pellets consisting of fine particles into a crumble size of 1–3 mm. Crumbled feed is ideal for young chicks because each crumb is a composite of different constituents of the diet. Continued provision of crumbs beyond the starter diet reduces the length of the small intestine and size of the gizzard. After the starter diet, a well textured mash (meal) diet is preferred. This ensures proper development of the digestive tract. Well textured mash (meal) diet has 55–85% of the feed particles between 1 and 3 mm in diameter, with an approximate Geometric Mean Diameter (GMD) of 1200 microns (see Figure 1). Beginning with the relay diet, a well-textured mash diet includes large particles of limestone (2–4 mm diameter). Large particle limestone is needed to maintain good eggshell quality. Selective eating by birds Mash (meal) feed is generally a mixture of coarse and fine particles. Birds preferentially consume larger feed particles. These large particles are

frequently coarse-ground corn, which is an important source of gross energy. Fine feed particles usually contain the synthetic amino acids, phosphorus, vitamins and trace minerals. The vitamin/mineral premix is usually fine particle. Birds that overconsume larger feed particles generally have high energy intake and low intake of other important nutrients, such as Vitamin A, vitamin D, riboflavin, sodium, lysine and methionine. Many egg production and shell quality problems are due to inconsistent nutrient intake caused by selective eating. Birds that are fed too often or in excessive amount are not encouraged to eat the fine feed particles. Fine particle feed can accumulate in the feeders if not properly managed. Encourage the consumption of fine feed particles by leaving a gap of 2–4 hours mid-day. This allows birds to clean the feeders and consume fine particles during this time. Farmers should monitor the feed bins and feeders to assess feed disappearance to determine the appropriate feeding frequency and feed depth that optimizes the daily consumption of both large and small feed particles. It is important that birds consume both large and fine feed particles on a daily basis to ensure a balanced nutrient intake.

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NUTRITION FEATURE v

Granulometry (determing feed particle size) The standard method for determining particle size is The American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) procedure S319.1. (http://animalscience.unl.edu/ Research/RumNut/RumNutLab/21ParticleSizeAnalysis.pdf). The procedure involves passing feed or ingredients through a series of 14 screens (sieves) of progressively smaller diameter for 10 minutes. The results are reported as Geometric Mean Diameter (GMD) and a measure of particle size uniformity (standard deviation or coefficient of variation [CV]). Properly manufactured feed should have a CV of less than 10%. This procedure is normally only done by large feed mills. For evaluation of feed particle size on the farm Hy-Line has its own handheld sieve shaker that can determine particle distribution of mash feeds (Figure 1). This is a useful tool for farmers to check feed deliveries from the feed mill and check particle size in the birds’ feeder. The effect of milling process on feed particle size Raw material particles undergo multiple changes through the feed milling process. The biggest factor affecting particle size is how the diet is milled. Raw materials, such as soybean meal, fishmeal and premixes, are usually in a form that do not require further particle size reduction. Cereal components (i.e. corn, wheat and other whole grains) of diets always undergo a grinding process. Different ingredient types will behave differently when ground. For instance, wheat will produce a different particle size than corn run through the same grinder. Hammer and roller milling are two of the most common methods used to grind raw materials. Hammer mills (Figure 4) are comprised of rotating sets of hammers that use impact force to break down the grain. The hammers rotate at high velocity and break down the material until it can pass through the surrounding screen. Particle size and uniformity produced by a hammer mill depends on the size, shape, speed and wear of the hammers, as well as the type and diameter of the screen used. Hammer mills are able to produce a wide range of particle sizes.

They work well with fiberous materials like wheat by-products. Roller mills (Figure 5) utilise cylindrical rollers, usually in pairs, to compress and sheer (tear) grains into smaller particles. Feed passes through a series of 2–6 roller pairs which have corrugations or grooves cut into the surface. One roller typically rotates faster and in the opposite direction to create sheering force. Particle size is determined by the number of rollers, distance between rollers, roller diameter, speed and corrugation pattern. Generally, roller mills grind grain into more uniformly sized particles than hammer mills. Feed delivery systems There are three methods of delivering feed in automated feeding systems. Chain type feeders: Feed is distributed by dragging feed around the feed system with a chain. Chain feeders can cause feed particles to separate by size as it moves feed. The chains can grind the feed particles while being conveyed through the system, although new chain type systems minimize this effect. Slow-moving chain feeders might be problematic as birds at the beginning of a feed line can select out the larger feed particles. Auger type feeders: An auger is used to distribute the feed. The auger moves feed more rapidly with less feed particle separation and grinding than with chain feeders. Auger feeders typically deliver less feed volume than chain feeders with each feeding. Hopper type feeders: A traveling hopper distributes feed by moving down the feed line, dropping feed by gravity. This system causes minimal separation and grinding of feed particles compared to other types of feeders. Management of the feeders is important to minimise the negative effects of feed particle separation and prevent the accumulation of fine feed particles. Frequent feedings of smaller quantities minimises the accumulation of fine feed. Chain feeders generally deliver a larger volume of feed, making the accumulation of fine particles possible. Allowing the birds to clean the feeders daily will prevent the accumulation of fine particles. Ensuring that there is enough feeder space for all birds to eat at one time will create more uniform nutrient intake in the flock. Each system has potential feed

particle segregation issues that must be monitored by farm managers. Drag chain systems have more side-to-side segregation, where the fine particles are concentrated in the middle of the trough, but the larger particles congregate near the trough walls. In auger systems, there is more top-to-bottom segregation, with fine particles settling at the bottom of the trough and the larger particles remaining near the feed surface. Repeated cycling of the auger can reduce this separation. This article was reproduced from Hy-Line’s ‘Technical Update’ and the complete article including more illustrations and troubleshooting details is available at the company’s website at www.hyline.com

Figure 3: Sieves of varying sizes used to separate a mash feed sample by particular size.

Figure 8: Auger Feeder

Figure 7: Chain Feeder

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New research into how essential minerals such as zinc, copper and calcium interact with other feed ingredients could unlock greater efficiencies in animal nutrition, according to feed industry representatives. Examples of such research were presented recently in Florida, USA, when more than 62 delegates from industry and academia joined for the 3rd International Phytate Summit (IPS3), to discuss the role of minerals in feed formulation and precision nutrition. A particular focal point was the current challenges in accurately predicting digestible phosphorus and how this can impact novel approaches to determine digestible calcium. Professor Hans Stein, University of Illinois, and Dr Yinka Olukosi, Scottish Rural College, described the nature of calcium and phosphorus metabolism and absorption in pigs and poultry. Professor Markus Rodehutscord of University of Hohenheim then explained that the challenge for phosphorus digestibility assays is the effect that both calcium and phosphorus have on gastrointestinal hydrolysis of phytate. This was further emphasised by Professor Ravi Ravindran of Massey University who presented recent research evaluating three different assay methods aimed at the development of a suitable method to measure calcium digestibility in poultry. “The interest in the determination of phosphorus digestibility in feed ingredients necessitates the measurement of calcium digestibility because of the close relationship between phosphorus and calcium metabolism.” However, calcium and phosphorus are not the only minerals to be influenced by phytate and phytase and the potential ability of phytase to unlock zinc, iron and copper – this was highlighted by Dr Patrick Schlegel of Agroscope. Dr Tara York, AB Vista North American Technical Manager, concluded the session by outlining what role minerals can play in today’s poultry industry and in particular highlighted recent research into the role superdosing phytase could have in reducing the severity of woody breast. IPS3 concluded with presentations on amino acids.

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NEWS Good reasons for staying dry with methionine With feed production the batch mixing process is the key process to control quality and cos. Approximately 95% of ingredients in this process are added as dry bulk which is best suited to adapt particle size distribution to the needs of animal species. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Consequently, it is dry bulk that the dosing and mixing process is optimised to handle,â&#x20AC;? according to Amy Liu, National Sales Manager, Evonik Australia Pty Ltd. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Well proven and efficient technology is widely available to the industry for dosing and weighing major, minor and micro ingredients,â&#x20AC;? Ms Liu said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;As dry bulk batches are assembled on scales while the previous batch is being mixed, the process is best balanced between throughput and accuracy. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Dry ingredients have the full mix cycle time to reach proper homogeneity, as opposed to liquid additives that are sprayed onto the mash within the mix cycle, significantly shortening the average mix time for liquid additives (Figure 1). â&#x20AC;&#x153;As mix time is decisive for mix quality, average results of mix homogeneity of dry bulk methionine are superior compared to liquid MHA. â&#x20AC;&#x153;An even supply of essential nutrients surely has positive effects on animal performance. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Whenever liquids are added into

Figure 1: Impact of liquid addition on mix cycle time

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the batch mixer they tend to form lumps with dry ingredients â&#x20AC;&#x201C; which increases particle size and impairs miscibility. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Even worse, build-up of powderliquid cakes on mixer walls and mix tools are promoted (Figure 2), with spraying systems not well adjusted or maintained or spray time not well segmented. â&#x20AC;&#x153;This leads to carry-over of nutrients and eventually medication into following batches, whenever lumps or crusts break off. â&#x20AC;&#x153;To prevent this, additional maintenance is required, namely with acidic liquid ingredients like MHA causing corrosion of mixer covers and troughs. (Figure 3) â&#x20AC;&#x153;Feed millers actually prefer staying dry with methionine for convincing reasons: for peace of mind with regard to production accuracy and cost, in other words, for an improved bottom line, said Ms Liu.

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Alltech and Tumen Shuvut collaborate to enrich eggs with selenium in Mongolia A recent study conducted by the Ministry of Health in Mongolia identified selenium deficiency as a serious public health concern. The Ministry of Health and the Public Health Institute of Mongolia intend to increase the population’s selenium intake through enriched foods. A trial on selenium-enriched eggs was launched in July of this year by Tumen Shuvuut, one of the largest poultry producers in Mongolia, using an organic source of selenium called SelPlex from Alltech. Following the successful trial, Tumen Shuvuut will sell selenium enriched eggs in supermarkets across Mongolia. Selenium, which is nutritionally essential for humans, is a constituent of more than two dozen selenoproteins that play critical roles in reproduction,

thyroid hormone metabolism, DNA synthesis, and protection from oxidative damage and infection. The selenium enrichment process takes place when an animal is fed with an approved source of organic selenium, providing natural enrichment of the food product. “Based on trials conducted with our flock using Sel-Plex, the research reports showed that the 0.5 gpmenriched eggs were more likely to offset the selenium deficiency in the Mongolian population,” said Bold Jigjid, CEO of Tumen Shuvuut. “We were very satisfied with the outcome of the two-year trial with Alltech, and we look forward to producing eggs that will benefit the Mongolian people.” The enriched eggs will be available for purchase in local supermarkets by the end of December.

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“Working with Alltech, we wish to deliver a positive message about the benefits of selenium to the general public,” said Jigjid. “Consumers are demanding better food, and partnering with Alltech allows us to deliver enriched foods. “We want consumers to understand how important selenium is for the human body.” Addressing a recent press conference in Mongolia, Dr Mark Lyons, Global Vice President and Head of Greater China for Alltech, mentioned the company has been working on the enrichment of food products with SelPlex for more than 15 years. “Our organic form of selenium is able to support the immune system of the animal during production while also differentiating the final product in the market and contributing to human

NEWS ®

Aviagen Management Essentials Nortje De Wet Technical Service Manager, Aviagen Australia, New Zealand and Asia De Wet has 23 years experience in the poultry industry with a large integrated company in South Africa, before joining Aviagen ANZ in 2012.

Dr Mark Lyons from Alltech adresses a press conference about the collaboration with Tumen Shuvuut, Mongolian poultry producer. health,” said Mr Lyons. “We are delighted to work with Tumen Shuvuut and to have the opportunity to highlight the benefits of seleniumenriched foods in Mongolia.” Alltech is currently working with more than 56 companies around the globe to enrich food products in the areas of dairy, beef, pork, poultry and pet food.

De Wet says, “Achieving the target bodyweight and correct daily bodyweight gain is the most important goal during the rearing period and essential for optimum performance.”

Weighing Objective Obtain flock bodyweight and uniformity data and monitor bird growth. Control and adjust the feeding program to ensure that bird growth is on target to achieve uniform sexual maturity. Key Points • • • • •

Bob Pike appointed as General Manager of Moba USA Diamond Moba Americas, a subsidiary of Moba, leading manufacturer of grading, packing and processing equipment for consumption eggs, announced its corporate name change effective September 2016. The goal of the name change is to leverage the strength of Moba’s product lines and to align its corporate and product brand identities, according to the company. Bob Pike will lead Moba USA. In his position Bob will have the responsibility for all North American operations along with Sales and Marketing. Bob brings more than three decades of experience in all aspects of the egg industry to his new assignment. His career includes working with Cargill, Michael Foods, Braswell Foods and most recently owning his own company, GCB Foods, LLC. Bob has extensive experience in live production, shell egg processing, egg products, sales and marketing with notable contributions in the development of the first extended shelf life liquid egg products and Eggland’s Best branded products. He also served in various leadership roles with the American Egg Board, United Egg Producers and US Egg Marketers. Moba is a global player with approximately 650 employees in the egg industry in several overseas companies.

• • • • •

Birds should be weighed at least once per week and at the same time and day each week. Use accurate electronic or manual scales. Individual weighing of birds is essential for accurate bodyweight and uniformity calculation. If the bird population size is greater than 1000 birds, weights should be taken from at least 2 different locations within the pen. Catch and pen up 2% of the population or at least 50 birds each weighing. At least 10% of the males should be sampled during lay. Weigh all birds in the catching pen. Assessment of physical condition can be done at the same time as weighing. Calculate average bodyweight and uniformity after each weighing. Record all data. Use the data to adjust feed amount and control future bodyweight gain and production.

Figure 1. Weighing

Figure 2. Weighing

Figure 3. Example of a bodyweight recording chart

NEWS

Novus Master Class in Poultry Nutrition The Novus International supported Poultry Nutrition Master Class was held at the Adina Hotel Apartments, Mascot on November 21-22 where two of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s highly regarded poultry scientists, Dr Steve Leeson and Dr Rick Kleyn shared their expertise with key members of the Australian poultry industry. Matt Becker from Novus International welcomed attendees and introduced the speakers. The first topic dealt with was â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Current issues and future challenges in poultry nutritionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dr Steve Leeson. In introducing his paper Dr Leeson stated that in 2025 poultry production would be dictated by the economic availability of corn, soybeans etc, adaptability to market trends, environmental issues and regional health status in relation to export potential,â&#x20AC;? he said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Future considerations for broiler nutrition and production systems will be impacted by a balance between science versus societal issues including the

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Left: Dr Rick Kleyn and (above right) Dr Steve Leeson. use of antibiotics, and the balance between performance and profitability,â&#x20AC;? he said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Also there is the question of quantity versus quality, such as value added eggs and fresh versus frozen chicken meat and the balance between regional versus national health status.â&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Ingredient particle size, feed texture and pelletingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; was Dr Kleynâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first topic for the day. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Feed texture is critical, it impacts on feed intake, plays an important part in gut health and affects the cost of manufacturing,â&#x20AC;? he said in introducing his topic. Concluding a comprehensive review, Dr Kleyn stated that both particle and pellet size was critical as was how to apply enzymes to pellets. â&#x20AC;&#x153;There is room for improvement with better pellet quality and a more appropriate size for age,â&#x20AC;? he concluded. In the afternoon session on November 21, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Feeding strategies for controlling gut healthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, was Dr Leesonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s next topic . â&#x20AC;&#x153;New ideas on energy and amino acid nutritionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; was Dr Kleynâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s next subject. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Dr Leeson then spoke about, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;New ideas on trace mineral and vitamin nutrition and the final paper of the day was Dr Kleynâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Update on enzymes- current use and formulation techniquesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. Lively debate followed both between the masters and those attending the seminar and continued through dinner. The second day, November 22, started with a formal breakfast and informal Q&A session with both the speakers. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Metabolic disorders and muscle defectsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, was Dr Leesonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s subject and then Dr Kleyn outlinedâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Commercial broiler feeding programsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. After lunch the first topic was â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Feeding broiler hens for 160 chicksâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, by Dr Leeson and then â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Feed formulation- finding and fixing errorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, by Dr Kleyn. In the final session Dr Leeson delivered feed strategies to achieve 400+ eggs per hen and both the masters conducted the final presentation, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Demonstration of some interactive .xlsx interactive production modelsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. The highly scientific Novus International Master Class seminars deliver the very latest ideas on poultry research and nutrition. Attendees, apart from having the opportunity to interact with the highly experienced presenters were given a comprehensive manual containing the specific details of the papers delivered.

NEW PRODUCTS Roxell gears up for the future with new controller With the launch of IQON, Roxell is taking a step forward in the digital control of poultry houses, according to Davy Meurice, Roxell product owner and part of the creative brain behind this project. IQON is a user-friendly automation system that adjusts, controls and monitors the feeding and drinking process in the house. “This controller, with its simple and visually strong design, is capable of handling virtually any house layout,” Mr Meurice said. “Multihouse functionality means that a single controller can be used to control all houses. “With just a few clicks, the poultry farmer gains access to a plethora of data for each flock: feed consumption, mortality, feed-water ratio, etc.

The new IQON automation system from Roxell.

“If something goes wrong in the house, an alarm screensaver will pop up indicating where the problem is. “A poultry farmer is a someone who keeps a sharp eye on the productivity of their house. They have high expectations that we

aim to meet with this new controller,” he said. “The development of IQON marks an important step for Roxell. Today’s poultry industry would be inconceivable without house automation. “Roxell is therefore extending the functionalities of the controller by developing new features in the near future.”

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“The average size of farms in the US is now 1.5 to 2.0 million layers – some farms have more than 6 million birds with 90% eggs produced in cage systems, 5.5% traditional cage free and 4.5% organic. In identifying specific threats and challenges to the US egg industry, Mr Inall stated that “more than 150 companies have announced a cage free commitment and we have to clearly define what cage free means. “To meet the cage free timeline, cost, infrastructure and timing will be a major challenge,” he said. “Renewed focus from animal activists is inevitable and the industry remains on high alert after the avian influenza outbreaks. “The USDA’s proposed organic rule and Federal (US EPA) and state air and water regulations present some hurdles too,” he said. “On the issue of cost in moving from caged to cage-free production, cage costs around $15 a hen, while cage free (enriched colony production) costs $25 a hen,” he said. He outlines the recovery programs after the recent AI outbreak and increased biosecurity initiatives, including a few ideas that would benefit the Australian poultry sector. On the following day after a great dinner the night before and further entertainment provided by the local animal rights activists before the bus

ride back to base, the first speaker was Dr Raymond Chia, AECL’s Project Manager R&D, whose paper ‘Hercules V Hydra – The Research Battle to Eliminate Salmonella on-farm’ resorted to Greek mythology to explain the often complex issue of salmonella risk and transmission. Though the statistics demonstrate that risk levels from eggs are quite low, they exist and much work is needed to further reduce the dangers of potential food related illness. Hannah Larsen, PhD candidate from the University of Melbourne, explained her research into range use of free range layers using radiofrequency identification. Her often complex and labour intensive research program is conducted with sophisticated equipment scrounged from Switzerland and adapted through ingenious means to achieve meaningfull results.

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Her conclusions were that “a large proportion of laying hen flocks utilise the outdoor range on a daily basis and that most hens will range further than 9m from the indoor shed,” Hannah said. “Hens move frequently between designated areas on the range and that the ‘wintergarden’ area (ie a partially enclosed area closest to the shed) is a highly preferred area, and finally, that different flocks vary but overall patterns of range use are consistent,” she concluded. Professor Minghan Choct, CEO of the Poultry CRC is his paper ‘So long and thanks for all the research’ reported on 14 years of amazing research covering over 77 specific projects. Perhaps of more significance is what comes next and Poultry Digest will explain just that in a report to be published in our Poultry Industry Yearbook for 2017. Amanda Paul, NSW Deptartment of Primary Industries and Project Leader of the Poultry Standards & Guidelines process, spoke about, ‘Standards and guidelines for the welfare of poultry – what does this mean for industry? She explained that the ‘model code’ dated back to 2002 and was therefore in need of updating as many of the aspects of commercial poultry production had changed. Of the six options to be canvassed by submissions to her department Option C and D will probably attract the most attention. They are (C) “to phase out conventional cages for chicken layers over 10 to 20 years in favour of alternative systems, and (D) “reduce maximum stocking densities for laying hens to 9 kg/m2 and meat chickens to 30kg.m2. Go to our website for more details on this important issue (primarymedia@ bigpond.com). Eugene McGahan is well known as an agriculture and environmental engineer and his paper ‘Standards and guidelines for the welfare of poultry what does this mean, covered a number

NEWS 3

1. Dr Raymond Chia, AECL. 2. Hannah Larsen, Melbourne University. 3. Prof. Mingan Choct, CEO Poultry CRC. 4. Brianna Casey, Food Bank Australia. of aspects of a changing industry. “ To achieve better environmental, planning and social outcomes for the egg industry by getting the environmental guidelines for the egg industry up to date, industry best management practices, current research and the latest environmental and planning requirements should be looked at,” he said. John Dunn, the new CEO of Egg Farmers of Australia in his paper ‘EFA: a new opportunity for egg farmers’ first explained the key reason for the EFA’s existence. Everything to do with eggs has some political connotations and as such government approved levy raising organisations like AECL are not permitted to become involved in political issues. This leaves egg farmers at a disadvantage when the future of their industry and livelyhoods is being discussed at both state and federal government level. If we are not in the room when issues relavent to our industry are being discussed we can’t influence out comes – it’s as simple as that,” John said. Poultry Digest hopes to be able to interview John for our reports in the Poultry Industry Yearbook 2017. The final speaker for the 23rd Forum was the impressive Brianna Casey, CEO

of Foodbank Australia. In her report ‘Feeding those in need – the Foodbank egg program’ Brianna revealed that in the coming year, one in six Australians will face a situation where they don’t know where their next meal is coming from. That’s not good enough for the third wealthiest nation on the planet. In our next issue we will report on what

Foodbank is doing about this, how they do it and the significance of the egg in that approach. The 23rd AECL Industry Forum was one of the best with great speakers covering serious issues. Further, the interaction between speakers and attendees was at a level that leaves the impression that ‘things are getting done’.

National Sales and Marketing Manager (poultry) Specialised Breeders Australia (SBA) is a leading layer breeder with a professional edge. We pride ourselves in the quality of our Day Old Chicks and the Australian layer market expects the best from us. We are looking for a special kind of person to fill some big industry shoes, taking on the role of National Sales and Marketing Manager and managing a sales/service team. The incumbent will be a valued member of the senior team, reporting directly to the CEO. Interstate travel is a requirement of this role. The successful incumbent will be rewarded with a generous salary commensurate with experience, including full private use of a company vehicle. This kind of role does not come up very often, so if you have solid experience within a sales/service role, including management experience, along with financial savvy and personal attributes suited for a role at this level, please make contact for more information.

To Apply: To view the full selection criteria, you can visit SEEK – keyword search ‘National Sales and Marketing Manager’. Alternatively, please contact Katie for the Position Description and Selection Criteria documents at katiemeadows@specialisedbreeders.com.au or call Katie on 0407 757 645 to have a chat about the role. We appreciate your right to privacy and will protect your confidential application. Applications will close on Wednesday, 21st December, 2016. Interviews will likely be conducted early in the New Year. SBA is an Equal Opportunity employer

NEWS – AECL Industry Forum

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2 1. LtoR JoJo Jackson & Danny Jones, AECL; Peter Bell, AAA Egg Company; Charmaine England, AECL; Alex Konrad, Dept Agric & Water Rescources. 2. LtoR: Lorraine Mills, AECL; Rudi and Wendy Stout, Preminum Agri; Peter Mathews, AAS. 3. Sue Bibby, Specialised Breeders Australia. 4. John Dunn, CEO Egg Farmers of Australia. 5. MOBA was one of the sponsors.

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