Acids and Bases Thursday, May 30, 2019
Arrhenius and Solvent system concept of acids and bases with examples and Utility of these concepts with related questions answers
What are the acids? Any of the classes of substances whose aqueous solutions are characterized by the sour taste, the ability to turns blue litmus, and the ability to react with bases and certain metals to form salts.
What are the bases? In chemistry, a base is a substance that in aqueous solution is slippery to touch, that's bitter, changed the color of the indicator, (litmus to blue) reacts with an acid to form salts. The concepts of acid and base are developed one after another tend to make the definitions more and more broad-based. We need to familiar with the following five concepts : 1. 2. 3. 4.
Arrhenius concept. Solvent system concept. Protonic concept Lewis concept
Arrhenius concept of acids and bases Arrhenius was one of the early exponents of electrolytic dissociation theory to define acids and bases. His classification of acids and bases was based on the theory that acids when dissolved in water, dissociate hydrogen ions and anions whereas bases when dissolved in water dissociate into hydroxyl ions and cations. Thus HCl is acid and NaOH is a base and the neutralization process can be represented by a reaction involving the combination of H⁺ and OH⁻ ions to form H₂O. HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻ NaOH → Na⁺ + OH⁻ H⁺ + OH⁻ ⇆ H₂O