ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2 Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
Page 1
ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
PREFACE
Arnala, one of the fishing village of the city and a famous tourist spot. Over the years it has been confronted with the problems like lack of infrastructure, unhygienic surrounding and lack of employment. Recent statistics state that this village has a great scope in fishery market. This thesis is therefore intended to examine the issues and there after purpose an architectural design solution to the problems associated with it.
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
Page 5
ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1- Arnala Site Analysis and Data
16
1.1 FISHERY PROFILE AT ARNALA 1.2 Climatic Conditions at Arnala. 1.3 TIDE LEVELS AT ARNALA SITE. 1.4 Ongoing Project and future Development of Arnaala.
CHAPTER 2- Design of Fishery Harbour.
3 1
2.1 DESIGN FISHING FLEET 2.2 FISHING VESSEL CHARACTERISTICS 2.3 CHART DATUM 2.4 PLANNING OF FISHERY HARBOUR FACILITIES 2.5 WATERSIDE FACILITIES 2.6 LANDSIDE FACILITIES
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
CHAPTER 1 Arnala Site Analysis and Data
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
1.1- FISHERY PROFILE AT ARNALA GENERAL Arnala main village is situated 10 km away from Virar railway station on the Mumbai-Ahmedabad line on the western railway and State Highway No-40 connects Arnala-Mohape Road. Very near to Arnala main village, Arnala fort-island is situated just a km away from Arnala sea shore which can be seen across Vaitarna creek.The location and approaches to Arnala main village and Arnala fort-island together with the proposed Fishery harbour site. Arnala main village including Arnala fort-island forms one of the 37 fishery centers accounted in the entire Thane district and falls under Vasai zone (Zone V). According to the data furnished by the Maharashtra State Fisheries Department for the year 2005, the total population of Arnala village including Arnala fort-island is 16,777. The basic earning of the village people is mainly through fishing besides agriculture and vegetable cultivation. Arnala has a fishermen population of 8,442 consisting of 1,344 households. The number of active fishermen has been estimated at 2,719. The involvement of fisherwomen in Maharashtra especially at Arnala in the pre-processing of fish, sale of fish and other fishery related activities is substantial. More or less, the fish sales are managed by the fisherwomen of Arnala who have organized into women groĂźps locally known as "Mahila Mandals", Innovative fish marketing arrangements by fisherwomen's strong efforts have reduced their exploitation by intermediaries to a large extent. The Fisheries Department has estimated the number of mechanised fishing vessels (MFVs) operating from Arnala main village and Arnala fort-island. The large size fishing vessels are 138 number of bag netters/gill netters ranging from 7 m to 19.8 m OAL and there are trawlers . Other mechanised craft of medium size ranging from 4.5 m teo 9 m are 243. The small size traditional non-mechanised fishing craft of 2.4 m to 4.5 m OAL is 97 comprising of gill netters and bag netters The details regarding the present number and size of fishing vessels are given in Table 1-1
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Figure 1- Site Analysis. Source- Sketch drawn by author
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
Page 10
ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
TABLE 1-1 FISHING FLEET OPERATING AT ARNALA FISHERY CENTRE Fishing Vessels Mechanized 4-6m
No. of Cylinders 1-2
No. of Vessels 214
6-9m
3-4
29
Total
MARINE FISH PRODUCTION AT ARNALA The marine fish production at Arnala over the last 10 years on an average has been estimated at 5,506 tonne per year Table 1-21 below gives the marine fish production at Arnala fishery centre,Apart from gill netting, the other fishing gear used is bag net or locally known as "Dole". The fishing gears currently in operation are bag nets-2,719, gill nets-100, stake nets-3 15 totalling 3,134. Trawling, purse seining and other modes of fishing operations are not practised. Bagnetting is undertaken from August to May and the peak months for bag net fishing is from August to December and again from March to May. Whereas, gill netting is undertaken from August to May. The fishing vessels up to 10 m (1 to 3 cylinder engines) undertake one-day trip while the bigger boats up to 19.8 m (4 and 6 cylinder engines) go for longer voyages lasting 4 to 5 days per voyage. TABLE 1-2 MARINE FISH PRODUCTION OF ARNALA FISIIERY CENTRE Year
Marine Production (in tonne)
Fish Year
1995-96
14920
2000-01
4784
1996-97
11359
2001-02
5533
1997-98
9680
2002-03
4977
1998-99
5621
2003-04
2902
1999-2000
5506
2004-05
2903
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
Marine Production (in tonne)
Fish
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
The fishing operations are confined up to 20 fathom depth in coastal areas off Arnala and south Gujarat coast ranging from 7 to 12 nautical miles. The commercially important varieties of fish being landed are Bombay duck, Coilia, Pomfret, Seer, Cat fish, Sharks, Ribbon fish etc. 30% of the high value fish like Pomfret priced between Rs.75/- to Rs.310/- per kg landed at Arnala fishery centre is for foreign export and 70% of the medium priced fishes like Hilsa, Seer etc., priced about Rs.15/- per kg is consumed in fresh fish form in the local inland markets. Remaining low-value fish priced between Rs.2/- and Rs.5/- per kg such as Bombay duck, Ribbon fish etc., is either dried/cured mostly for local inland markets.
INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES AVAILABLE AT ARNALA Proximity to Mumbai and good transport network in the form of fast moving local trains and Ahmedabad-Mumbai highway have helped the Vasai-Virar sub region to bloom in which Arnala fishing village is situated. Arnala main village is well connected by an all-weather asphalt road from Virar. Electricity is available at Arnala village including the Arnala fort-island for which high mast Overhead power transmission lines are laid to reach the fort-island from the main village. The source of drinking water at Arnala main village and fort-island is well water. Two ice plants with a total capacity of 95 tonne/day and two chilled storage of a total capacity 185 tonne are available at Arnala. Post and telegraph and telecommunication facilities are available at the town. Two small hospitals and two branches belonging to Bank of Maharashtra and District Cooperative Central Bank are functioning in Arnala main village. Boat building activities are also taking place at the main Arnala village as well as on fort-island. At present, there are three boat building yards run by the private sector, two at Arnala main village and one in Arnala fort- Island with a total boat building capacity of 12 boats per annum. There are a total of six fishermen cooperative societies, three at Arnala main village and three at Arnala fort-island whose names are furnished below: Arnala main village: 1. Daria Sarangi Society 2. Arnala Machchimar Vividha Karyakari Society 3. Arnala Fishermen Sarvodaya Sahakari Society Arnala fort-island: 4. Sagar Pujan Machchimar Sahakari Society 5. Kalika Mata Machchimar Sahakari Society 6. Rangaon Matsya Sanvardhan Machchimar Society Primary and secondary education facility is available at Arnala whereas college is at Virar
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Besides, there are offices of Assistant Fishery Development officer and Assistant Port Offices Located at Arnala. ARNALA AS A RENOWNED TOURIST SPOT Arnala sea-fort and the island has an interesting historic background in which rulers of Muslim, Portuguese, Maratha and British in the past fought several battles to rein the sea-fort and island Which had strategic importance to control shipping and trade on the west coast. Below is the Arnala fort island seen from the Arnala main village across Vaitarna creek. A fishery-cum-passenger jetty has been constructed al the Arnala main village side to enable Tourists and residents of Arnala fort-island to cross over the Vaitarna creek to reach Arnala fort- Island just a km away. Within the sea-fort, a Shiva temple and a mosque are situated- Besides Sea-fort island, Arnala main village has a sandy beach loved by the tourists and also made use by the local fishermen to land their fishing boats as well as to sun-drying of Bombay duck and Ribbon fish hanging lines made of ropes and bamboo poles. The beach extends from the Vaitarna creek near the sea mouth to Vasai in south on weekends. Tourists visit the beach and the sea-fort island in large numbers using ferry service from Arnala main village to reach Arnala Fort Island.
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
1.2- Climatic Conditions at Arnala The climate of Arnala has a variation on account of the alternating south-west and north- cast monsoons, but generally, the north-east monsoon is weak. In the winter season from December to March, winds blow between cast and north-east direction during morning hours and between west and north-west during afternoon hours. In the monsoon i.e., rainy season from June to September, the winds over the sea blow from west and south-west quarter. The interim period i.e., from October to November is marked by light winds with land and sea breezes. Occasional tropical cyclones occur in the Arabian Sea during 'this period. A climatological summary from the meteorological department on the climatological parameters viz., wind, rainfall, relative humidity, temperature and visibility collected and compiled by them for the period from 1937 to 1966 (nearly 30 years observations) for the place to Arnala.
WIND CLIMATE The winds in the monsoon months from June to September are predominantly from west and north-west direction—with a mean wind speed of 7 to 10 knots. Further, the south west monsoon at coast is fairly steady and regular and the wind and conditions do not vary much from one year to other. The winds in the remaining months of the year are predominantly from north, north-east and. east direction. The land and sea breezes are experienced most of the time in a year, except during south- West monsoon when the monsoon winds dominate. The land breezes are well developed the north east monsoon, especially from November to February. The land breezes decrease in strength and duration and from April onwards, sea breezes start developing in -the afternoons. In September, the weather moderates and towards the end of September or in the first week of October, the thunder storms appear to indicate the onset of north-east monsoon.
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
WAVE CLIMATE The west coast of India where Arnala is situated is under the influence of southwest monsoon in the months of June, July, August and September. During these months, strong winds prevail over sea, resulting in the generation of high waves along the -coast. The monsoon is very strong in the months of July, august and September slowly receding from September onwards till the end of November. During the period from November to April, the sea will be practically calm with long low swells striking the coast, often carrying locally generated ripples on top of water surface. During the monsoon season, the winds are seen to be steady and are generally between south, south-west and west direction, south-west being predominant. The deep waves during this period can be assumed to follow the general direction of the wind, but turn to west as they approach shoreline. During this period, the sea wave generating area extends offshore to about 300 km and the winds in the monsoon over the wave generating area range from 15 to 40 knots. On the other hand, during the fair-weather season, the winds are from north-west and east direction, predominantly from north-west. However, the study of wave climate for Arnala site as described above is only a matter of academic interest pertaining to the open coast. Since, the proposed fishery harbour site at Arnala is located about ...km upstream of the sea mouth on Vaitarna creek well inside the Vaitarna estuary meeting Arabian Sea, the site remains unaffected by wave incursion.
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
STORMS/DEPRESSIONS Study of tracks of cyclonic storms, published by the Indian Meteorological Department for the period from 1877 to 1992 indicated that very few storms originating in the Arabian Sea crossed the coast near to the fishery harbour project site at Arnala. However, in the months of September and November, "a few numbers of storm tracks originating -in the Bay of Bengal crossed the coast near to the fishery harbour project site. But, most of these storms having struck the East Coast of India had crossed the southern part of the sub- continent and then moved into the Arabian Sea. After landfall, the storms had considerably weakened and picked up energy after they moved into Arabian Sea. Further, these storms moved away from the coast and caused no serious threat to coast. Although the open coast at the proposed Arnala fishery harbour site is subjected to severe cyclonic storm and storm surges, its effect at the site is subdued as the site is well sheltered from storm attacks due to the presence of Arnala Fort and the rocky outcrops surrounding the fort island. From above discussion it could be understood that the proposed Fishery harbour site at Arnala is well protected and the damage likely to be caused is negligible. This is also confirmed by the local populace at Arnala Village.
RAINFALL Maharashtra State receives its rainfall mainly from southwest monsoon. Highest rainfall is experienced in the Western Ghats with an average annual rainfall of over 2000 mm, occasionally crossing 9000 mm. The coastal areas including Arnala region also experience heavy rainfall (around 2000 mm), scanty rains in rain shadow areas of the Western Ghats in the central region (about 500 mm) and moderate rains in eastern region (around 1000 mm) of the State. The Arnala region receives rains from south-west monsoon, which commence usually in the first fortnight of June and last till the end of September. Pre-monsoon showers are received in May. Occasionally, north-east monsoon showers occur in October and November. Generally highest rainfall is recorded in the month of July. The rainfall in the Arnala region (relying on meteorological data of Mumbai for the years from 1937 to 1966) is mostly concentrated in south-west monsoon months of June, July, August and September. During this period, the average annual rainfall is as much as about 94% of the total annual rainfall. The mean number of days with rainfall of 2.5 mm and more are 71, while the average total annual rainfall is approximately 2,079 mm. The average monthly rainfall is highest in the month of July (709 mm) followed by June (520 mm ) The average monthly rainfall in August is 419 mm and 297 mm in September.
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
TEMPERATURE The air temperature is high of the order of 3 1 T to 3MC throughout the year, except during the winter months of December, January and February, when the air temperature goes down .to 200C. The mean daily minimum and maximum air temperature variation throughout the year is between 240C and 310C. The mean temperature in the summer months which generally occurs just before the onset of the south-west monsoon ranges from 300C to 32'C. The highest and lowest recorded temperatures are 40t and 12T respectively.
HUMIDITY The climate on the Maharashtra coast being. Tropical, the coastal strip of Arnala experiences very humid and warm climate. Humidity is fairly high in all times and seasons. The mean monthly maximum of relative humidity observed during southwest monsoon between June and September period is between 76 to 86%, while the mean monthly minimum during February is 62%. However, daily variation seems to be least between 4 and 10% throughout the year.
VISIBILITY During the months from. January to March, thick haze is affected. The mean total number of days in a year with poor occurring evenly for I to 2 days of all the months. Since the frequencies-of visibility are least, this is not likely to pose a threat to the fishing operations and fishing activities.
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
Page 17
ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
1.3-TIDE LEVELS AT ARNALA SITE During the course of engineering investigations, the WBFC, Kolkata have carried out tidal observations at Arnala site from 119 January to 4th February 2006 to collect tidal data which helps in comparing the tide' levels with that of Mumbai Port. Tide poles were set up at Arnala site to record tides manually. It is seen that the tides at Arnala are of mixed type generally exhibiting semi-diurnal nature with large diurnal inequalities meaning different levels between successive high and low waters. The mean tidal variation during neap tides is of the order of 1.5 m while the same during spring tides is 3.4 m, the local mean sea level being at +2.7 m slightly higher than Mumbai port. Incidentally, Mumbai port is at a distance of 60 km from Arnala site by sea route. The Hydrographer of Maharashtra has also conducted hydrographic survey of the area in January-April 1979 and. May 2003. With the two hydrographic survey data of the Hydroghaphic Office of Maharashtra and with the present hydrographic survey done in January 2006, it has become possible to compare the long-term bathymetric changes of the area over the last twenty-five years. The hydrographic features of the proposed fishery harbour area at Arnala site pertaining to 1979, 2003 and 2006. The comparison of the depth contours shown in the above drawing reveal that due to sheltered nature of the site in Agashi bay as well as protection offered by the Arnala fort island, the depth contours over the last twenty-five years have gradually progressed towards sea side suggesting that the proposed fishery harbour area lies in the sand accreting zone. During the past two decades, the beach at the proposed fishery harbour site has widened pushing the deep-water navigation channel of Vaitarna creek towards sea side.
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
1.4 -Ongoing Project and future Development of Arnaala:
Figure 2- Satellite View of Site. Source- google map
Figure 3- ongoing Jetty Proposal at Arnala Island. Source- google map
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Figure 4- Site Location. Source- google map
Figure 5- Layout Plan of ongoing Jetty Proposal at Arnala . Source- author
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Figure 6- Future coastal Way Route. Source- author
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Figure 7- Future of arnala. Source- author
Figure 8- Proposal of Fishing Harbour by State & Central Government. Source- Assistant Harbour Division
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Arnala Prawns Exported to USA from all over Maharashtra
Figure 9- Article Published on 29/03/2019 in MaharastraTimes Source- MaharastraTimes
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
1.5 -Total Number Of Boats Count There are total 6 fishing Society all over Arnala and Arnala Fort.3 fishing Society in Arnala and 3 in Arnala Fort.. Arnala main village: 1. Daria Sarangi Society 2. Arnala Machchimar Vividha Karyakari Society 3. Arnala Fishermen Sarvodaya Sahakari Society Arnala fort-island: 4. Sagar Pujan Machchimar Sahakari Society 5. Kalika Mata Machchimar Sahakari Society 6. Rangaon Matsya Sanvardhan Machchimar Society Following are the detail of Each Fishing Boats registered in Arnala Fishing Societies.
. .
ज
1
IND-MH-2-MM-3521
2
16
1997
6.30
2
IND-MH-2-MM-1832
2
16
2010
8.23
3
IND-MH6-MM-188
4
55
2003
8.53
4
IND-MH-2-MM-5514
4
85
2013
5
IND-MH-6-MM-124
4
45
2008
6
IND-MH-2-MM-1858
4
42
2007
9.14
7
IND-MH-6-MM-250
4
45
2008
8.78
8
IND-MH-2-MM-2034
4
65
2008
9.12
9
IND-MH-6-MM-397
4
40
2009
9.85
10
IND-MH-2-MM-2093
4
55
2007
8.53
11
IND-MH-2-MM-1485
4
48
2007
8.53
12
IND-MH-2-MM-3618
4
42
2007
7.62
13
IND-MH6-MM-60
4
51
2008
10.3 6
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
10.9 7 10.3 6
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4.7 2 7.3 2 11. 93 13. 35 8.2 5 9.9 2 8.2 3 9.5 1 7.7 3 6.1 2 5.0 3 10. 77
ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
14
IND-MH-6-MM-216
4
45
2009
8.68
15
IND-MH-2-MM-3640
4
35
2004
9.14
16
IND-MH-6-MM-237
4
45
2002
10.0 5
17
IND-MH-2-MM-3752
4
35
2003
9.14
18
IND-MH-2-MM-4006
4
56
2010
8.53
19
IND-MH-2-MM-1992
4
35
2006
8.53
20
IND-MH-2-MM-3632
4
56
2009
21
IND-MH-2-MM-1031
4
57
2007
22
IND-MH-2-MM-5219
4
56
2013
23
IND-MH-2-MM-5249
4
52
2013
8.53 10.9 7 11.5 8 10.3 6
24
IND-MH-2-MM-1089
4
55
2003
8.53
25
IND-MH-2-MM-5443
4
44. 5
2013
9.14
26
IND-MH-2-MM-5124
4
45
2009
10.9 7
27
IND-MH6-MM-37
4
45
2010
9.14
28
IND-MH-6-MM-290
6
29
IND-MH-6-MM-120
6
30
IND-MH-2-MM-3662
6
65
2008
31
IND-MH-2-MM-75
6
99. 27
2001
32
IND-MH-6-MM-227
6
99
2016
33
IND-MH-2-MM-4836
6
88
2011
34
IND-MH-6-MM-285
6
122
2008
35
IND-MH-6-MM-288
6
98
2010
IND-MH-2-MM-1841
6
88
2012
37
IND-MH-2-MM-3484
6
106
2012
38
IND-MH-6-MM-358
6
220
2018
39
IND-MH-2-MM-5718
6
88
2008
40
IND-MH-6-MM-395
6
190
2018
36
.
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
99. 27 99. 27
1999 1999
18.3 8 18.3 3 16.3 3 19.8 1 19.5 1 16.1 5 21.5 5 12.1 9 15.5 4 15.5 4 17.1 0 12.1 9 19.2 0
Page 25
7.2 3 6.7 2 10. 69 8.2 5 7.4 3 5.6 9 12. 16 13. 35 11. 47 7.0 0 8.2 5 11. 93 9.1 1 54. 32 55. 86 44. 17 56. 20 70. 53 42. 99 68. 51 21. 69 43. 55 42. 97 44. 93 21. 68 73. 75
ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
41
IND-MH-2-MM-1850
6
90
2012
42
IND-MH6-MM-398
6
88
2007
43
IND-MH-2-MM-1876
6
85
2009
44
IND-MH-2-MM-1837
6
99
2006
45
IND-MH-2-MM-5145
6
99
1985
46
IND-MH-2-MM-1999
6
106
2012
47
IND-MH-2-MM-1030
6
98
2013
48
IND-MH-2-MM-3522
6
65
2007
49
IND-MH-2-MM-3644
6
98
2007
50
IND-MH-6-MM-391
6
99
2008
51
IND-MH-6-MM-333
6
99. 27
2001
52
IND-MH-6-MM-87
6
128
2010
53
IND-MH-2-MM-5610
6
88
2001
54
IND-MH-6-MM-195
6
55
IND-MH-2-MM-4206
6
56
IND-MH-2-MM-5714
6
57
2002
57
IND-MH-2-MM-5315
6
99. 27
2003
58
IND-MH-2-MM-184
6
106
2012
59
IND-MH-2-MM-4194
6
60
IND-MH-2-MM-4196
6
61
IND-MH-2-MM-4205
6
99
2007
62
IND-MH-2-MM-4204
6
99. 27
2002
63
IND-MH-2-MM-4192
6
57
2002
64
IND-MH-6-MM-123
6
90
2008
65
IND-MH-6-MM-138
6
126
2009
66
IND-MH-2-MM-3740
6
99. 27
2010
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
99. 27 99. 27
99. 27 99. 27
2001 2002
2002 2002
15.8 5 15.0 0 14.0 9 10.6 6 19.2 0 15.8 5 15.5 4 12.4 9 19.8 3 18.3 3 19.8 0 17.3 7 16.4 6 19.8 1 19.8 8 16.1 5 19.5 0 17.3 7 10.1 6 19.9 6 19.2 0 19.8 8 14.5 2 16.7 8 15.9 7 15.5 4
Page 26
50. 08 25. 93 31. 88 30. 58 41. 81 50. 08 42. 97 17. 94 56. 84 63. 42 68. 85 51. 87 39. 03 63. 17 65. 58 44. 58 55. 91 48. 97 33. 35 66. 84 56. 31 59. 66 27. 30 46. 05 57. 25 42. 97
ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
67
IND-MH-2-MM-1230
6
106
2013
68
IND-MH-2-MM-477
6
85
2007
69
IND-MH-2-MM-5563
6
98
2014
70
IND-MH-2-MM-1452
6
88
2008
71
IND-MH6-MM-3
6
160
2014
72
IND-MH6-MMIND-MH6-MM-
6
73
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
17.6 7 10.3 6 15.5 4 10.9 7 17.6 7
6
Page 27
52. 32 9.5 7 43. 55 12. 11 54. 43
ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Total Length and Count of Vessel is as Follow:
Overall Length of Vessel
No Of Vessel
18 M vessel
175
7 M Traditional Vessel
300
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
CHAPTER 2 DESIGN OF FISHERY HARBOUR
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.1- DESIGN FISHING FLEET According to the fishery statistics furnished by the Maharashtra Fisheries Department for the year 2005-06, there are 138 mechanized bag netters/gill netters of 6 cylinders, 29 mechanized bag netters/gill netters of 3 to 4 cylinders, 214 mechanized bag netters/gill netters of I to 2 cylinders in addition to 97 non mechanized traditional boats operating from Arnala fishery center. The mechanized bag netters/gill netters of 6 cylinders are in the range of 9 m to 19.8 m OAL currently undertaking fishing operations for 4 to 5 days while the remaining small size mechanized and traditional non mechanized boats of2.4 m to 9 m OAL operate on daily basis. At present, the fish landings take place on open beaches due to non-availability of fish landing and berthing facilities at Arnala fishery centre.
In order to arrive at the fleet size for which the proposed fishery harbour is to be designed, M/S WBFC have undertaken detailed fishery economic studies at Arnala. As a result of the correspondence and discussions with the Commissioner of Fisheries, and taking into consideration various fishery aspects, it was agreed that the fishery harbour al Arnala shall be designed for a fishing fleet of 175 numbers of average size of 18 m OAL bag netters/gill netters and 300 numbers of average size of 7 m OAL mechanised and traditional non mechanised gill netters/bag netters.
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.2- FISHING VESSEL CHARACTERISTICS The fishery harbour is meant for catering to the needs of various sizes of fishing vessels and it is, therefore important to know the vessel characteristics of the boats using the harbour. These vessel characteristics are the overall length, beam and draft of the vessel in loaded condition. The information gathered on the draft of the fishing vessel vis-Ă -vis the OAL and the beam of the vessel on an average are shown in table.
Table: Fishing Vessel Characteristics
Overall length of Vessel (m) 18 7
Draft (m) 1.8 0.7
Beam(m) 5.0 0.5
Table: Design Data
Overall No.of Average length of Vessels(m) Landing Vessel(m) per boat(kg) 18m MFVs- 175 550 Bagnetters/gill netters(6 cylinders) 7m 300 65 traditional mechanized & non mechanized boats(bag netters/gill netters, 1 to 4 cylinders)
No. of days in fishing season 300
No. of Infishing between days rest days 225
300
200
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No. of fishing trips
75
Duration of each trip (days) 5
100
1
200
45
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.3- CHART DATUM Chart datum for a fishery harbour generally refers to the mean lower low water springs (MLLWS) and, this is one such useful reference level with which the water depths in the harbour area can be found out for the safe navigation of fishing boats. The chart datum chosen for the Arnala fishery harbour project is 'that of the zero of the reference bench mark of St. Peter's Church at Arnala which is also the survey datum for the topographic and hydrographic investigations conducted at site. Incidentally, the chart datum of Arnala and Mumbai port are one and the same.
Figure 10- Tide levels in Arnala Source- Assistant Harbour division Thane
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Figure 11- Tide levels in Arnala Source- Assistant Harbour division Thane
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.4-PLANNING OF FISHERY HARBOUR FACILITIES The detailed layout planning of different waterside and landside facilities to be provided in a fishery harbour should be in such a way that it caters to all the activities taking place in a fishery harbour during fishing and non-fishing season. For this, it would be worthwhile to understand and appreciate the flow of fishing boats normally taking place in a well-planned fishery harbour which is described below: The fishing boats arrive in the fishery harbour after their fishing voyage of specified duration. First, they go over to landing; quay to unload the fish catch. After the fish is unloaded in plastic crates, it is taken to the fish handling and auction hall. There it is washed sorted weighed and displayed in boxes for auctioning. Then it is packed with ice in the fish packing rooms and further fish processing. Some quantities of wet "fish' will go for chilled store ,freezing, canning etc., while the trash fish is taken for making fish meat, fish manure or else to be used in other allied fish industries. Then, the boats move on to the idle-berthing quay for mending/minor boat repair/engine repair till the next fishing trip, Before departing the harbour on their next fishing trip, the fishing boats take fuel, ice, fresh water and food provisions from the outfitting quay. Within the surveyed boundaries of fishery harbour site at Arnala, it has a flat sandy beach on the seaside of the sandy dyke. The backup land is very much limited in size. It has a narrow and shallow storm water drain passing through it. During monsoon the accumulated discharge from the upland areas passes through the storm water drain and flows into the Vaitarna estuary whose outlet is located further north of the fishery harbour site. Since blocking of this storm water could result flooding of the upland areas, it is advisable to keep open the storm water drain to avoid flooding. On the other hand, the flat sandy beach has adequate area to accommodate the necessary waterside and landside Facilities of a fishery harbour. Keeping the topo and hydrographic features of the entire surveyed area in mind, the waterside and landside facilities are planned in a systematic manner following the modular concept. In that, the facilities required for fish landing,- outfitting, idle-berthing and public utility modules are grouped together and streamlined so as to avoid cross- traffic of fish handling, outfitting, net mending and movement of men, material and vehicular traffic. The waterside and landside facilities planned and designed are to supplement and complement each other in their functions and are in tune with the International standards for the hygienic fish handling and sanitation. The fishing vessels follow the right-hand marine traffic rule. As such, the waterside facilities are planned so that the vessels are able to follow these regulations. Keeping this in mind, the landing, outfitting and idle-berthing quays have been planned on the right-hand side near the fishery harbour
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
entrance. The outfitting quay is placed next to the landing quay with supply facilities like ice, fuel and fresh water delivery points. The idle- berthing quay is placed close to the shore facilities like fishing gear sheds, fishermen's rest sheds, net mending sheds etc. Adequate harbour basin of 75,500 sq.m water area for the vessels is provided adjacent to quays so that the safe maneuvering of vessels approaching and leaving the berths is possible. Repair quay for the repair of boats and engines is provided on the right-hand side near the fishery harbour entrance so as to utilize the backup land for dry-stalking and idle-berthing of fishing vessels during non-fishing season. Enclosing the entire above waterside and landside facilities is a rubble mound breakwater of 564 m long which offers protection from the upland discharge and strong currents in the Vaitarna estuary. Apart from this, the fishery harbour layout provides for the following landside facilities:
Fish handling and auction hall, administrative office, navigation aids and radiocommunication center, restaurant, dormitory, public toilets, security and guard house, electric substation, overhead tank for storing fresh water and seawater, facilities for storing and distribution of fuel and fresh water on the outfitting side, workshop, fishermen's gear sheds, net mending and sheds.
Traffic and hard surface areas for internal roads and parking vehicles as well as for drystalking of fishing boats during non-fishing season.
Land area for setting up ice plant and chilled storage, civic amenity sites, fish processing and other allied fish industries.
Boat building and repair yard for undertaking repair of boats.
Reclaimed land area of 8.6 hectare for accommodating the necessary landside facilities.
An asphalted road to link the fishery harbour complex.
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.4 DESIGN LAYOUT PROCESS
Figure 11- Design layout Source-
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.5-WATERSIDE FACILITIES 2.5.1 APPROACH CHANNEL The fishery harbour site at Arnala is located on the eastern bank of Vaitarna creek and therefore the creek would serve as the natural approach channel from the sea mouth to enter into/depart from the fishery harbour site. The Vaitarna creek where it meets the sea is about 500 m wide at mean low water spring level and the deepest gorge level is at—5 m. The draft requirement for the maximum size of boat of 19.8 m OAL bag netters/gill netters is around 2.0 m. As such, the fishing boats would not experience difficulty in negotiating the sea mouth during neap and spring low waters. However, the disadvantage of the Vaitarna creek .is that the deeper navigable channel takes a serpentine bend away from the proposed fishery harbour site and water depths gradually deteriorate on its upstream. This necessitates a dredged approach channel from the sea mouth to merge with the fishery harbour basin. The basis for arriving at the dredged approach channel is furnished as below: Lowest low water springs (LLWS) 0.0 m Maximum draft of 19.8 m vessel - 2.0 m Under water keel clearance - 0.5 m Clearance for likely siltation, squat etc. - 0.5 m Dredged depth in approach channel -3.0 m Approach channel of 60 m bottom width dredged to a depth of —3:0 m W.r.t chart datum. The bottom width of 60 m provided is 12 times the maximum 5M beam of 19.8m OAL fishing vessels is enough to cater to the two lane safe navigation of the maximum size of fishing vessels.
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.5.2 HARBOUR BASIN Vaitarna creek in front of the fishery harbour site is very narrow and shallow. As such the harbour basin in front of the fishery harbour complex need to be dredged for the safe maneuverability of the fishing vessels during all times of tide including spring low waters. The basis for arriving at the dredged approach channel is furnished as below: Lowest low water springs (LLWS) 0.0 m Maximum draft of 19.8 m vessel -2.0 m Under water keel clearance, clearance for likely siltation, squat etc. -0.5 m Dredged depth in harbour basin -3m It is therefore proposed to dredge the harbour basin of 75,418 sq.m uniformly to a depth of -3 m. The quantum of dredging in the harbour basin of and the approach channel would be of the order of cum. The harbour basin dredged to a depth of—3m w.r.t chart datum. 2.5.3 BREAKWATER Enclosing the harbour basin and approach channel in the fishery harbour layout Tetrapods are use in breakwater which offers protection to the fishery harbour complex from the upland discharge and strong currents prevailing in the Vaitarna estuary. 2.5.3.1 QUAY LENGTHS The landing quay lengths for the harbour have been calculated considering two normal sizes of fishing vessels viz., 18 m OAL bag netters/gill netters and 7 m traditional boats of gill netters/bag netters, their duration of fishing trips, quantity offish landed, time required for docking, undocking of these vessels, unloading rate of the fish catch at the landing quays and the duration of fishing hours at the harbour. Their economical lengths is assessed by properly planning the :positions of landing, idle-berthing and outfitting quays So that the fishing vessels will operate and use the harbour facilities in an orderly and optimum manner without overcrowding or leaving room for underutilization Of the quay length provided in a fishery harbour. The important assumptions made calculations are highlighted below:
10% of the fishing fleet may not go out for fishing due to maintenance, repair or some other reason. The 18 m OAU bag-netter/gill netters, which go on 5 days trip, distributed on each day with same number of departures/arrivals, During peak season, additional 20% of the 18 m OAL bag-netters/gill netters will arrive in a day with 20% increase in fish catch. During peak season 40% of 7 m traditional vessels of one-day trip may arrive in an hour with 20% increase in fish catch.
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
A uniform unloading rate of 4500 kg/hour in fish baskets/boxes by manual labor is assumed for both 18 m OAL bag-netter/gill netters and 7 m traditional vessels, Duration of fish landing by fishing vessels and outfitting these vessels are reasonably assumed to be 6 hours and 8 hours respectively. The average landing quay length for a boat consists of average length of the boat in their category plus a spacing of 10% of the overall length of the vessel between the boats to facilitate safe maneuvering.
2.5.3.1.1 LANDING QUAY LENGTH
Figure 12- Landing Quay Length Source-
The fishing boats arrive with the fish catch in the fishery harbour after their fishing voyage of specified duration. a) 18 m size bag-netters/gill-netters - 175 numbers (performing 5 days fishing trip with average landings of 550 kg) The number of boats operating per day = -0.9 x 175/5-31.5 say 32 Number of arrivals in a day during peak season= 1.2 x 32 38.4 say 39 Average landing per boat =550 kg
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Peak landing per boat =550 x 1.2= 660 kg Time required for docking and undocking =4+4=8 min. Time required for unloading at 4500 kg/hour= 660 x 60/4500 8.8 Say 9 min. Total time required = 8+9=17 min. No. of berths required to handle 39 vessels in 6 hours= (39 x 17)/(6 x 60)= 1.8 say 2 Length of the landing quay required =2 x (18+1.8) -39.6 say 40 m Length of high level landing quay provided = 40 m
b) 7 m size traditional motorized boats - 300 numbers performing one-day fishing trip with average landings of 65 kg) The number of boats operating per day =0.9 x 300 270 Number of arrivals in a day during peak hour =0.4 x 270 108 Average landing per boat =65 kg Peak landing per boat =1.2 x 65=78 kg Time required for docking and undocking= 1+1=2 min Time required for unloading at 4500 kg/hour=78 x 4500/60 =1 min, Total time required = 2+1 = 3min No. of berths required to handle 108 vessels in 1 hour = (108 x 3)/60 =5.4 say 6 2.5.3.1.2 OUTFITTING QUAY LENGTH
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19 Figure 13- Landing Quay Length Source-
Before proceeding on a fishing trip, the 18 m OAL boats collect fuel, fresh water and ice in addition to food provisions at the outfitting quay. Considering the time taken by these boats to receive fuel, fresh water, ice and food provisions, the length of the outfitting quay required exclusively for the use of 18 m OAL boats has been worked out as follows: A) 18 m size vessels —Total of 175 bag-netters/gill-netters conducting 5 days fishing trips)
No. of boats requiring outfitting in a day during peak season = 0.9 x 175/5 3 1.5 Say 32 Time taken on an average for each boat to receive fuel, ice and water =30 min. Number of berths required for outfitting in 8 hours (32 x30)/(8 x 60)= 2 Length of outfitting quay required =2 (18+ 1.8) =39.6 say 40 m Length of high level outfitting quay provided =40 m B) 7 m size traditional mechanized and non-mechanized boats 300 numbers As the traditional motorized and non-motorized boats would find it difficult to use the quays, the outfitting requirements of these boats would be fulfilled from the sloped RC ramp itself. 2.5.3.1.3 IDLE-BERTHING QUAY LENGTH
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Figure 14- Idle Berthing Quay Length Source- Sketch by author
The fishermen take rest after each fishing trip and, therefore, the vessels have to be idleberthed in the harbour for a day or two. Alongside the idle-berthing quays, the fishermen take out their fishing nets either for drying or mending and then reload the nets into their boats. During the non-fishing season and rough weather, the boats may seek shelter in the harbour for which idle-berthing quays are to be provided.' In calculating the required idle- berthing length, the fact that fishing vessels lie abreast alongside the berthing quay in four files is considered to optimize on the length of the idle-berthing quay. During non-fishing season, the fish landing and outfitting quays will remain unutilized. As such, the fishing vessels can also be accommodated alongside the landing and outfitting quays for idle berthing. This is expected to largely economies on the otherwise heavy investment cost to be incurred on the length of idle-berthing quays for all the fishing boats. The idle-berthing length to be provided, therefore, depends on such relevant factors with other realistic assumptions. Assuming that the sick fishing vessels lie either on repair - quayside finding berth on quayside or in boat repair/parking yard, the idle berthing length to be provided is for the boats staying overnight in the fishery harbour after return from their fishing trips, while doing so it is further assumed that during night hours, the boats will also use the fish landing and outfitting quays for idle berthing so as to arrive at economic idle berthing quay length. The necessity for providing berthing for all boats may arise on some festive days of during rough weather when boats will skip fishing. On such occasions, the boats not finding the berth on quayside will use the protected backwaters of Agashi bay anchorage or pulled on to shore along the banks of Vaitarna creek.
2.5.3.1.5 TOTAL QUAY LENGTH The summary of total quay length required/provided for landing, outfitting SL No.
Description
1 2
Fish landing quay Outfitting quay
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High level landing Remarks` quay for 18 m bagnetters/ gill-netters (Duration of 5 days fishing trip) 40 Low level landing quay of 20 m 40 common to fish landing and outfitting quay is provided to enable fishing vessel
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19 operators to climb up 10 hi h level landing platform during low tides.
2.5.4 DIFFERENTIAL LANDING PLATFORMS FOR FISH LANDING, OUTFITTING AND IDLE-BERTHING The criteria for fixing of the crest level of the quays for the high level landing platform in respect of the fish landing, outfitting, repair and idle berthing quays is that it should facilitate easy unloading of fish baskets/boxes, loading of ice, water and fuel, besides taking out the nets and tackles from the bigger fishing vessels of 18 m OAL by manual labor during high waters. Similarly, it will be very difficult for the small boats to unload fish, nets and tackles during spring low waters, if the crest level of the fish landing, outfitting, and idle berthing and repair quay is more than a man's height from the deck level of fishing vessel. Keeping in view the above requirement of the bigger and smaller size of fishing boats and also heeding to the fact that the spring tidal range at site is of the order of 3 to 4 m, the RC diaphragm wall has two differential landing platforms; the low level platform is provided at m and the high level platform at +5.75 m with an allowance for free board of 1 .35m above the MH/ARNWS of +4.40 m. The basis for allowing a free board of 1 .35 m IS that the crest level of the high level platform should not be submerged even during maximum spring high waters/high flood level at site which is around +5.40 m. The knowledge of highest high waters/high flood level of +5.40 m at Arnala site occurring during spring tides and floods is based on the visual marks of spring tides/flood marks left on the slope of sand dyke at site as well as comparing the highest spring tides to that of Mumbai standard port. However, the possibility of the high-level platform getting submerged due to storm surges during the occurrences of extreme weather conditions like severe storms and depressions is totally not ruled out. But, the event is unlikely to cause any serious damage to the harbour property as the formation of high level platform is at +5.75 m and the average land reclamation is at +6.30 m. A series of leading RC steps of 2.5 m width connect the two differential landing platforms with a mid-level platform at +4.175 m to restrain the burden of climbing steps at one go. The differential landing platforms would, thus, enable the 18 m OAL vessels to land their fish catch with ease during both high and low waters. On the same lines, the arrangement of differential landing platforms is provided at outfitting and idle-berthing quays to enable the fishing vessels to take on fuel, ice, fresh water, fishing gear and food provisions while proceeding on fishing trips and to idle-berth alongside the quay.
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.5.5 STRUCTURAL DETAILS OF FISH LANDING, OUTFITTING AND IDLE- BERTHING Structurally, the low level and high level differential landing platforms for fish landing, outfitting, idle-berthing and repair quays have similar features like they are founded on RC diaphragm wall, their thickness being the same, but only with the difference that the high level differential landing platform founded on RC diaphragm wall is anchored with RC tie-beams whereas the low level differential landing platform is a RC cantilever type. Since its height is small compared to the high-level differential landing platform, it does not need tie-back arrangement as in the case of high-level anchored RC diaphragm wall. Against the force of reclaimed earth fill, the high-level RC diaphragm wall is held in position with the help of RC tie-beam and RC bored anchor pile arrangement. Since the tie-beam of 13.5 m is too long, it is supported in between with an intermediate RC bore& pile. All the bored anchor piles would further be connected with a RC beam in order to strengthen the bored anchor pile system. Rubble fill is proposed at the foot of diaphragm wall to guard against erosion of bed. The plan, elevation and sections of low level and high level fish landing, outfitting, idle-berthing and repair quays together with the structural details like diaphragm wall thickness, embedment length, capping beam, deckslab, arrangement Of RC tie-beams, rubber tyre fenders, C.l.bollards, mooring rings etc. The width of fish landing quay provided from its water edge to' fish handling and auction hall is 10 m, which serves as an open space to unload and temporarily stack the fish baskets/crates from the vessels before they are moved to fish handling and auction hall. The surface of the quay has to be moderately smooth so that it will not be slippery when it is wet. In addition to this, the quay surfaces are given a gentle slope on landside so that the surface remains dry. The quays are provided with bollards and mooring rings/hooks for securing the boats to the quay rigidly. C.I. Bollards are spaced at closer interval of 10 m with mooring rings/hooks in between. Used rubber tyre fenders are provided at regular interval all along the landing, outfitting idleberthing and repair quays to absorb the impact of fishing boats while docking and undocking operations. The mooring system includes C.I.Bollards at 10 m center-to-center spacing with mooring rings in between. While the fish landing, outfitting, idle-berthing quays are provided with lighting arrangements in the form of concealed PVC conduits below the deck slab to carry out fishery harbour operations even during the night hours, the outfitting quay of 5 m wide is provided with arrangements for carrying supply lines for fuel and fresh water right at the quay face. The storage and supply of fuel facilities at the outfitting quay would be strictly as per the national and international operational safety standards. For the big boats of 18 m OAL proceeding on fishing voyages, fresh water would be supplied through pipeline and water taps provided right on the outfitting quay face. This would totally eliminate the manual labor in carrying of large quantity of fresh water from distant places and in turn create slippery conditions on the quay top due to spillage of water.
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.5.6 RC SLOPING RAMP RC sloping hard is provided to transfer the boats from the waterfront to land and vice versa. RC sloping hard provided in fishery harbour complex is for transferring of vessel from water to boat parking/repair yards or vice versa for parking or undertaking of major repairs.
2.5.7 NAVIGATION AIDS It is a known fact that the fishing vessels do not follow any rigid time schedule during fishing operations. Vessel operators may like to go for fishing either during day time or night hours depending on the knowledge of fish shoals and fish behavior. While smaller boats of a day's fishing trip would try to be fishing in nearshore waters, the bigger boats may go farther deep in the sea, and will be in touch with the shore station with the help of modern electronic position finders and gadgets. It is therefore necessary that the approach channel, breakwater and quays need to be visually and electronically identifiable by the fishing boats during day and night times, when the fishing vessels approach or depart the fishery harbour. At present, there is a light-house at Arnala main village which help to guide the fishing vessels to enter/depart through the sea mouth during night hours. Other than this, there are no navigation aids in Vaitarna creek. For the approach channel to be visible in night, marker/lighted buoys need to be installed. Further, a special lighted beacon needs to be installed at the round head portion of the breakwater so as to prevent collision of vessels against the breakwater especially during night hours. Some more lighted buoys/beacons may also be required to demarcate the shallow/danger spots in and around the fishery harbour waters for ensuring safe navigation of fishing vessels. Provision is made for the navigation aids in the project cost. However, the specific requirement and details need to be worked out at the time of actual project implementation.
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
Figure 15- Navigator aids Source- Sketch by author
2.6-LANDSIDE FACILITIES 2.6.1 LAND RECLAMATION
Figure 16- Dredging Source- Sketch by author
Correlation of tide levels at Arnala site with that of Mumbai standard port during springs and the local enquiries pertaining to floods have revealed that the highest high water at site could reach a maximum level of 45.40 m. As such, the average reclamation level is proposed at +6.30 m to prevent the harbour area flooding from inundation during floods and highest astronomical tides. Based on the general ground level variation of -0.5 m to +4.5 m, the quantum of land reclamation is of the order of 3.15.500 cum. Since the dredged material from the harbour basin and approach channel is predominantly sand, the same would be made use as landfill in the reclamation area. As such, major quantities of earth required for land reclamation in the harbour complex is accomplished with dredged material and only a minimal quantity of earth needs to be borrowed from outside borrow pits. The dredged/borrowed earth will be utilized in filling on the landside for locating the shore-based facilities .
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
2.6.2 FISH HANDLING AND AUCTION HALL
Figure 17- Fishing Activity Source- Sketch by author
Fish auction hall area i)
18 m size bag-netters/gill-netters with 5 days fishing trip duration and average landings of 550 kg
The number of boats operating per day =0.9 x 175/5 -31.5 say 32 Number of arrivals in an hour during fish landing hours of the harbour =32/6 =5.33 say 6 Average landing per boat = 550kg Peak landing per boat =1.2 x 550 = 660kg Total landing from 6 boats = 6 x 660= 3960 kg
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR ii)
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
7 m size traditional motorised boats - 300 numbers performing one-day fishing trip and average landings of 65 kg)
The number of boats operating per day = 0.9 x 300 = 270 Number of arrivals in a day during peak hour = 0.4 x 270 = 108 Average landing per boat = 65kg Peak landing per boat =1.2 x 65 = 78kg Total landing from 108 boats = 78 x 108 = 8424 kg Total quantity of fish catch landed during peak hour ( in tonne) 18 m size bag-netters/gill-netters (5 days fishing trip) = 3.96 7 m size traditional motorized boats (l day fishing trip) = 8.424 Total 1234 It is assumed that 60% of the fresh fish landed at the fishery harbour is likely to be taken into the building for fish handling and auctioning and the remaining 40% will be fish meant for sundrying, salt-curing, fish meal etc. Total fresh fish coming to the auction hall 12.384 x 0.6 7.43 tonne/hour
The purpose of the modern fish handling and auction hall is to facilitate hygienic fish handling, better sanitation and for intr6ducing a centralized fish marketing facility with a transparent auction system for the benefit of fishing boat operators to get a fair price for their fish produce. In the manner that the fish handling and auction hall is planned and designed, it provides good scope for ensuring fish quality, collection of statistics on quantum of fish being landed at the harbour, monitoring of fishery resources etc. The construction of building would be as per the IS standard specifications keeping in mind the MPEDA guidelines and other international Euro norms and HACCP practices pertaining to hygienic fish handling. This building would be the nerve-centre of the fishery harbour where the fresh fish landed from boats is cleaned, sorted by species and size-wise weighed; auctioned, iced, packed and distributed to the local, national and international markets. To avoid the fresh fish being exposed to sun heat and to avoid long haulage of fish, the fish handling and auction hall is located very close to the fish landing quay. The fish handling and auction hall is a sheltered one covered from all sides by brick walls having doors to provide security and to keep the buildings under lock when not in use. During the working hours, only the employees, fish buyers, officially recognized fish traders and workers would have access to the fish handling and auction hall. The floor of the building would be in durable, strong, semi-polished, chemical resistant, water-tight, non-skid white kota/cudappa stone appropriate for industrial use, with inside wall surfaces skirted with ceramic tile cladding
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
up to the lintel 'height. Instead of kota/cudappa stone, non-skid epoxy coated/granite flooring may be most desirable, but may prove to be too costly. The fish handling and auction hall have enough place to facilitate essential activities taking place in the building such as fish washing, sorting, weighing, displaying, icing and packing of fish besides auctioning. It would be equipped with modern equipment like pressurized floor cleaners, automatic chlorinators, turbins, lights and meet the requirements with regard to room temperature, efficient fish handling, fish hygiene and sanitation. Along the length of fish handling and auction hall, the whole building is divided in to number of fish bays suitable to carry out pre-processing activities including, auctioning. This would enable to move the unloaded fish from several fish bays without exposing fish to sun heat, dust, dirt and other contaminants. Planning the building is such that a little distance from the fish landing quay, the fish workers would encounter with fish washing tanks to enable immediate fish washing. Next to fish washing tanks, long fish sorting tables pre-arranged to help the fish workers to sort fish by grade, weight and species-wise standing on either side of the table. Next to fish sorting tables, fish display platforms with weighing scales are arranged so that fish boxes displaying species, size and source could be readied for fish auction to take place wasting no time. Thereafter, fish packing rooms are arranged in the same line adjoining fish loading area to move fish catch in a linear fashion, right from the quay face to fish loading area undergoing all the pre-processing activities. All the fishing washing tanks, sorting tables, fish display platforms and fish packing tables would be topped with ceramic tiles. In this way, crisscross movement of fish transfer from one place to the other is avoided. Thus, fish is not likely to get contaminated with other batches of fish coming in to the building and the overall time and effort involved in fish handling, cleaning, sorting, weighing, and display and auctioning would be minimal. Quantum of water required in fish handling and auction hall for cleaning fish, floor cleaning and fish box washing would be manifold compared to water required for personal use. Therefore, instead of fresh water, clean and bacteria-free seawater would be used in all the cleaning operations. The building has the provision for cleaning of fish in running chlorinated seawater in specially provided fish washing tanks. One or more seawater hydrants would be installed in each of these fish washing tanks to facilitate bulk cleaning of fish. Specially designed chlorinated seawater distribution system would connect all the fish washing tanks. For this, clean seawater would be made available from an overhead tank pumped from the shallow. Tube well to be installed within the fishery harbour complex. Together with seawater supply system, the building will have arrangement for supply of fresh water for the usage of people working in the building. Separate fresh water lines will be laid for this purpose. The seawater and freshwater supply lines would be color-coded to distinguish between the two supply lines. Pipes and pipe fittings including valves would be of PVC/HDPE plastic to avoid marine corrosion. Valves would be of ball type with few moving parts.
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
To keep the fish display areas of the building neat, clean and cool, the fish display areas are planned off the floor on the raised concrete platforms (0.15 m above the floor level) in the middle of the hall with inspection passages provided for buyers and auctioneers for the quality and quantity of fish they would buy. Thus, fish buyers and auctioneers would not be stamping fish while moving round the fish display platforms. The fish handling and fish auction hall has 4 bays for display of fish brought for auctioning. These fish display areas in square shape are of size 4 m x 4.15 m. The size of each fish box being 0.75 m x 0.45 m x 0.45 m, each fish bay will hold at least 4 tons of fish when arranged in 8 rows and 5 columns of fish boxes with a net weight of each fish box taken as 100 kg. In case of more fish catch coming into the fish auction hall, fish boxes can even be piled up to three layers, provided care is taken to ensure that fishes in the under layered crates are not crushed. Fish on the display platforms tell buyers everything they want to know about the fish species, grade, weight and who supplied it. There, the auction field staff could assess the quality and quantity of fish being sold in auction and keep track of the quantum of fish landings. Each auction process with fish coming in batches is expected to-last at least for 1.5 to 2 hours during which time all the pre-processing operations like fish washing, sorting, weighing, auctioning and fish packing with ice including loading of fish in the waiting refrigerated vans could be completed. Fish transported from the fishery harbour complex is only in the form of fresh Tish as further fish processing for export is done elsewhere in the fish processing plants. After each batch of fish is handled and auctioned, cleaning and disinfecting of floors, walls and fish boxes would be done with chlorinated seawater by wall mounted or hand pulled highpressure cleaners for effective cleaning as well as water saving measure. The building has facilities for box washing and store rooms provided on either side of fish cleaning and fish packing hall. Thus, clean fish boxes/crates could be made available to the fish sellers at a nominal cost and stored back into box store rooms at the end of each auction process. In the wake of increasing demand for hygienic handling of-fish in the auction hall, use of noncorroding, water-tight plastic crates/boxes is preferred over other forms such as bamboo baskets presently used for fish unloading operations in the harbour. On one end of the fish handling and auction hall there is a glass-partitioned fish bidding hall with a dais on one side providing space for auctioneers/buyers to bid for fish. The bidding hall has seating arrangement for at least 30 bidders/sellers with public address system for the conduct of fish auctioning in a transparent and conducive atmosphere. Depending on the accepted marketing practices, fish auctioning is expected to take place by bulk/sample fish display through public auction or individual agreements or contract entered between fishing boat operator and the fish merchants. After auction, buyers would collect their purchases and head to the fish packing rooms for ice packing in plastic crates. During other times, the bidding hall could be used as a meeting hall for holding meeting/conference for the benefit of fishermen and educating fishery industry people. The bidding hall has an attached refreshment room for buyers and bidders and for those working in the fish auction hall.
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
The floor finish level within the building would be higher by 0.5 m above the quay surface for better drainage. The fish handling and auction hall would have sewerage and drainage arrangements for washed water from fish washing tanks, floors and sewage from toilets. All the drainage and sewage lines from the fish handling and auction hall would be connected to existing municipal underground sewer system. Within the building, internal drains would run length-wise and breadth-wise to collect washed water and prevent floor becoming wet and slippery. Since the drains are likely to be frequently blocked by fish wastes, the drains provided are of open type, but covered with galvanized steel metal grids/gratings or perforated concrete slabs so that the top covering can be easily removed and replaced during inspection and cleaning operations. These internal drains would be provided with suitable water-sealed gully traps at the junctions to prevent drains clogging from fish waste and offal and foul smell emanating from the drains. As far as possible, the walls and ceilings would be free from the exposed electrical and other wall hangings, since these collect a lot of dust and dirt and, in turn, allows insects and pests to thrive in such places. However, seawater/fresh water pipe lines would not be embedded in walls but externally fixed to wall surface with proper anchor fittings. Inside the buildings, falseceiling would be provided at the soffit level of the roof truss so as to avoid bird nesting/dropping and to keep the temperature inside the fish handling and auction hall cool. If necessary, the eaves at the roof truss would be extended outwards for draining off rainwater and preventing direct sunlight entering the building. Similarly, the doors, windows and ventilators of non-water absorbent type would be provided with sunshades. Within the fish handling and auction hall, adequate windows and ventilators would be provided to allow for natural light and ventilation in addition to exhaust fans fixed at the lintel height below the false ceiling. Windows and ventilators would be adequately screened with nylon nets/curtains to prevent the ingress of insects like flies, mosquitoes and birds. In addition to general lighting of the building, the fish display, fish packing, bidding hall and other areas needing care would be well Gt by providing special anti-glare type hanging lights of adequate luminosity with shadow covers. This would help to conduct fish handling, icing and auctioning operations even during night hours. The front and back of fish handling and auction hall on the fish landing quayside and fish loading areas would be well lit with tower lights. Since the fish unloading operations could take place during day as well as night hours, the building is provided with a centralized uninterrupted electric supply in the form of standby diesel gen-set for the lighting of the building and surrounding areas, besides usual electric power supply. All lighting fixtures would be of durable, non-corroding, water-tight, plastic material. Besides above facilities, the building has fish auctioneers room, waiting lounge for the buyers and public, internet/fax/STD/ISD kiosks, office space for personnel entrusted with fish auction hall management and maintenance operations,- passages and corridors separating fish areas and people, store for equipment and materials used to clean and disinfect the auction hall
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
premises, fresh water supply arrangements for all the needy places, toilets and public conveniences for the people working in the fish auction hall, fire-fighting appliances etc. Common passages for entry and exit to the building would be provided with ramps of gradual slope. Necessity for chilled storage facilities for the excess fish catch not sold on a particular day's auction might arise during the operation of fish handling and auction hall. For this reason, the building provides for insulated rooms for overnight storage of ice fish. Besides the planning, design and constructional aspects, the emphasis would be laid on the manner of operation of the fish handling and auction hall. Giving paramount importance to fish hygiene, smoke emitting and diesel/petrol driven vehicles would not be operated inside the fish handling and auction hall. If required, only the electrically powered forklifts or tyre-mounted push-wheels would be allowed inside the fish auction and fish handling sheds to prevent lubrication oil, petrol and diesel leaking onto the floors. The standard of personnel hygiene of fish workers employed inside the building would be insisted. For this, care has been taken to provide adequate hand-washing and self-flushing toilet facilities inside the building.
2.6.3 FISH LOADING AREA Behind the fish handling and auction hall and adjacent to fish packing rooms, fish loading areas are provided to enable vehicles including the refrigerated vans to approach the fish auction hall from behind for transportation of auctioned fish to consuming markets. The fish loading area is of concrete surface for the entire length of fish handling and auction hall to withstand the vehicle loads and spillage of water. The extent of concrete surface in fish loading area is 500 sq.m and the formation layer of concrete surface. 2.6.4 APPROACH ROAD AND INTERNAL ROADS Arnala village is connected by an asphalted road to the nearest town Virar. However, the fishery harbour site lacks a good approach road up to main road of Virar via Mukkam and Agashi villages. It is therefore desirable to have a two-lane asphalt road connecting to the main road of Virar. This asphalt road to be built over the earthen embankment provided with stone pitching on either sideand a RC culvert to cross over the existing storm water drain at Mukkam would be an all-weather, two-lane road for the easy movement of vehicles. The alignment of the proposed approach road of 225 m long to fishery harbour complex. Within the fishery harbour complex, the internal roads of sufficient width to cater to single lane and two-lane traffic are proposed. The internal roads are of asphalt roads. These roads also demarcate the limit of the utility buildings and areas. The road sections for single lane and twolane traffic with the formation layers. The extent of internal asphalt road surfaces for double lane and single lane in addition to other small patches is 13,048 sq.m. The arrangement of internal road network differentiating them in single lane and two-lane traffic. The road widths shown in the harbour layout drawing include the pedestrian path over the covered storm
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
drains. and vehicular traffic lanes-cum-service lines such as drainage and sewerage, fresh water supply, street lighting poles etc. 2.6.5 PARKING AREAS FOR VEHICLES There will be many fish traders and consumers visiting the fishery harbour on their vehicles like trucks, vans, auto rickshaws, scooters, bi-cycles, tri-cycles etc., for collecting and transporting fish and fish products to nearby fish markets and consuming centers. In addition, there will be vehicles connected with the fishery industry bringing ice and other commodities. Therefore, adequate vehicle parking area in the form of concrete surface is provided .
2.6.6 FISHERY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE Fishery administrative office IS necessary for management and maintenance of harbour facilities, for regulating activities relating to fishery industry such as fish handling and auction hall, fish prices and the movement of fishing vessels in and out of the harbour. Harbour officer along with his supporting harbour staff is expected to work from this office to look after the day-to-day activities. Fishery administrative office provides for staff rooms, record room, toilet etc. 2.6.7 FISHERMEN'S GEAR SHEDS Between the rest days of the fishing voyages and during non-fishing season, some fishing vessel operators for security reasons may prefer to keep their fishing gear in the fish gear sheds instead of keeping in the fishing vessels.
2.6.8 NET MENDING SHEDS After every fishing trip, the nets will be wet and damaged to some extent. As such, a top covered net mending shed, but opened from all four sides is required for the fishermen to repair their damaged nets sitting under the sunshade. The net mending sheds are aligned longitudinally more or less in the east-west direction so that the fishermen sitting under the open net mending shed are spared from direct sunlight . 2.6.9 BOAT BUILDING AND REPAIRING YARD Since the fishing industry is proving to be a flourishing and profitable business fully backed by the State/Central governments, the present trend is that new fishing boats are built year after year availing government loan/subsidies/grants. It will be more so, when the proposed construction of Arnala fishery harbour is complete adding vigor and impetus to the fishery activities in the surrounding fishery centers.
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
ZONING LAYOUT
Figure 18- Zoning Process Source- Sketch by author
Figure 19- Zoning Process Source- Sketch by author
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
CONCLUSION
Thus this project will have a greater impact on Arnala and overall vasai- virar region giving high standard of lifr ,Employment ,development ,infrastructure, sanitation. VIDEO LINK- https://youtu.be/acjZ4o3h-rU
Final Year B. Arch | L. S. Raheja School of Architecture
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ARNALA FISHING HARBOUR
Priyanka Thakur | Design Dissertation | SEM IX 2018-19
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES
https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/552402-arnala-maharashtra.html https://data.gov.in/keywords/marine-fish-production http://fsi.gov.in/Marine%20fish%20production%20details%202007-08.pdf http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/12164/1/2-Marine%20fish%20production%20in%20India.pdf http://www.viraronline.in/city-guide/geography-of-virar
https://en.climate-data.org/asia/india/maharashtra/vasai-virar-6281/ http://www.poseidonltd.com/fishing_vessels.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virar
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