Listed building in 5, Edessis Street

from 2004-2006_Diploma Theses_Projects

by Pro.Syn.Apo

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LllATHPHTEO KTIPIO ITHN OllO EllEIIHI 5

Em~Mnov1c:c;: KaAA.lpOT'] na7'.u~ou, OPXLTEKTWV µrixavtK6c;, Atµtt..(a LT8cpav(oou, apxm:KTWV µrixavtK6c;

Elena Hatzinasiou, architect engineer

LISTED BUILDING IN 5, EDESSIS STREET

Supervisors: Kallirroi Palyvou, architect engineer, Aimilia Stefanidou, architect engineer

To OlOTflPT"JTEO KTtpto an1v oo6 EMcroric; 5, yvwOT6 we; «KupTOr] Xov», eLVOl on6 TO eAOXlOTO odyµmo eµnoplKWV KTtp[wv Tou 19ou mwvo nou otocrw8riKav on6 Tf]V KOTOOTpO<plK'7 nupKOYlCl TOU 1917 KOl an6 nc; µernyeveOTepec; npoan68etec; OVOlKOOOµT"]OT"]<; TT]<; neplOX'7<;. 0tKOOoµr']8r]Ke µeTO~U 1867-1868 Km dvm eva otwpocpo KTtpto µe Tfocrepo to6yeto KmaOTr']µma, TO ono[o oto8e10uv nm6pta Km oeKoTecrcreptc; ano8r']Ke<; OTov o' 6pocpo.

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1867-1868: To KTtpto otKoooµefTm on6 10v yvwOT6 emxetpriµaT[a KupTOr] 1898: To KTlplO nepva OTO XEPlO TI7C: Ti'.;el3plE Xovouµ 1902: IOlOKT17Tf]<; TOU KTlp[ou eLVOl O rtwpyr]<;, yto<; TOU Tacrou KupTOr] 1906: To KTlplO nepva OTO xeplO TOU Mwcre EcrKevai'.;u 1910: 0 lOlOKT'7TTl<; TOU KTtp[ou '7TOV NTOl3[ Mnevcroucrav

1. '01/JT/ arr6 TT/V 006 Eoiaar,c;. Fa<;ade from Edessis str. The listed building on number 5, Edessis street, in Thessaloniki, also known as "Kyrtsi Han" , is one of the few trade-use 19th century buildings that survived the 1917 fire and the subsequent reconstruction efforts. It is a 2-storey building, constructed during the years 1867-1868. It consists of four ground-floor stores, each with their own loft, and fourteen storage rooms on the first floor, where trade transactions were held.

A short history of the building

1867-1868: The building is constructed by Kyrtsis, a well-known businessman 1898: The ownership goes to Tzevriye Hanum 1902: The building is now owned by Giorgis, son of Tassos Kyrtsis 1906: The ownership goes to Mosse Eskenazy 1910: Next owner was Davi Bensousan 1910: The building is bought by Abu-Rahman Tefvik Efendi After 1910, the building is owned by Alie Nadzie Hanum AbdurRahman Tefvik and her four children. 1927: Nikitas Emnietoglou and Nikolaos Papadopoulos are the new proprietors 1969: The building is sold to Konstantinos Lazaropoulos and Spyridon Papageorgiou 1978: After the earthquake, both stories are used as storage rooms for other businesses

Initial typology

The Kyrtsi Han is a two storey corner building with a three-pitch roof, measuring 32.60 x 11.12 m. Each storey measures 364.50 square meters. The building is 8.80 m high, while the roof's height is 1.95 m. It belongs to a category referred to as "Hania" , or small twostorey trade galleries, suitable for commercial activities. A basic element of the ground plan is the oblong two-storey gallery, which is usually sheltered by a metal-and-glass gabled roof.

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2. TorroypmpcK6 016.ypaµµa. Topographical map.

On the ground floor level, the stores open both to the street as well as to the indoor gallery. At the same time, the gallery provides access to the first floor, through the staircase down its end. There is an oblong or circumferential hallway on the first floor, along which the rooms are laid out in order.

Construction phases of the building

The ground floor was initially divided into three stores and the staircase. As far as the lofts are concerned, it is said that the only loft that existed initially was the one over the store that looks upon Edessis street, part of which is surviving up to date. The initial phase of the first floor lasted from the year of construction up to 1898, and it seems that, during that time, the eastern rooms in the back of the building were not eight, but comprised one single space. Through the years, the building sustained the following major changes: a) the three stores on the ground floor become four, b) all stores get their own lofts, c) on the first floor, the one big space on the eastern side breaks into eight smaller ones, and part of the hallway gets subsequently integrated with a room, so that access to the balcony is only possible through this room, and not directly from the central hallway.

Morphology

The Kyrtsi Han is representative of urban neo-classicism in Thessaloniki. The faces of the building are structured on two basic horizontal zones, which correspond to the ground floor and the first floor. Specifically, the front face, on Edessis street, shows intense verticality, which is intensified by the layout of the openings on three vertical axes, by the projection of its central section with the triangular pediment at the height of the ridge, as well as by the first floor balcony with the spiraled cast-iron console.

3. KdTOI/JT/ taoyefou d cpaar,c;. Ground plan of phase El.

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4. KdTOI/JT/ taoyefou y' cpaor,c;. Ground plan of phase c'.

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5. Kami/Jr, op6cpou a' cpaar,c;. First floor plan of phase a'.

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6. KarnljJr, op6cpou y' cpdar,c;. First floor plan of phase c'.

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On the ground floor zone, columns of solid bricks overlaid with marble are interchanged with big openings (glass panes), which bear a horizontal lintel with white marble facing. These columns bear a pilaster capital on top, with thin rectangular protrusions bearing semi-circular and angular cuts. On the first floor, there is an axial continuation of the lower part, with vertical decorative elements made of mortar. They are column-like protrusions, bearing 5 shallow grooves, with bases, and crowns in the form of pilaster capital. A basic element of the first floor zone is the rhythmic repetitiveness of the openings. In fact, there is a correspondence between the ground-floor and the first-floor openings. The entrance to the building is through a metal door with an arched lintel in the style of ancient greek entablature.

Constructive structure

The perimetric bearing masonry of the ground floor consists of 0.55 m. thick bricks laid across. Inside the building there is an array with two lines of cast iron columns of circu-lar cross-section with a 0.17 m. radius, which bear capitals with elaborate decorations of anthemia (palmette) motifs, while above the later they bear a square slab. The perimetric masonry of the floor consists of bricks laid across, namely of 45 m. thick compact bricks. Apart from the

8XOUV OTO KlOV6Kpav6 TOUC: m:p(n:)(Vll OlOK60µT]CJT] µe oX80l0 av8eµ(wv, evw navw an6 auT6 cpepouv TeTp6ywvo µa~tA6pL H neptµeTplKl7 TOlXOTTOllO TOU op6cpou dvm unepµnOTlKl7 omoTTAlV8oooµt'J, an6 ouµnaydc; om6n>-tv8ouc;, naxouc; 45 µ. EKT6c; an6 auTt'Jv, cpepovTO KOTOK6pucpa OTOlXeLO dvm Ol TOlxonm(ec; nou l3p(OKOVTOl E:KOT8pw8ev TOU ~lµOKOOTOOLOU n6xouc; 0,40 µ. KOl TO ~UAlVO UTTOOTUAwµma op8oywVlKT7C: OlOTOµt'Jc; nou unoOTTJPi½ouv TO ½euKT6 n1c; 0Tey17c;. LTOV 6pocpo, OTlC: TOlXOTTOllE:C:, unapxouv Mo ~UAlVO OlO½wµma. 0 cpepwv opyavtoµ6c; TT]C: opocpt'Jc; TOU lOOydou OTTOTE:AeLTOl an6 mo17pooOKOUC: µe OlOTOµt'J INP120 nou cpepouv TO~WTl7 n>-tv8on>-t'JpwCJTJ. H an60TOCJTJ µeTa~u Mo 01aooxtKwv ooKwv oev unepl3aivet TO 55 eK., evw ri KaµapwTt'J n>-tv8onMpwCJTJ nou cpepouv OlaµopcpwveTOl an6 8~l OPl½OVTiwc; OlOTPTJTE:C: om6TTAlV8ouc;. Ot oeUTepeuouoec; mo17poo0Kof eopa½oVTm oe K68eTa OTTl OlE:U8uvot'J TOUC: ½euy17 (Kup(wv) mo17poooKWV OlOTOµt'Jc; INP180 (Ol onoiec; l3p(OKOVTOl KOTQ µt'JKOC: TOU l<Tlp(ou). To µ17KOC: TWV Kupiwv ooKwv dvm µeTO~u 4,20 µ. Km 5,60 µ. H ouvOE:CJTJ µeTa~u TWV Mo Tµ17µ6Twv an6 TO onoia anoTE:AOUVTOl yiveTm m8av6v navw nc; Tmxonm(ec;, dTe µe T7AWCJTJ dTe µe KOXAIWCJT]. Av6µw6 TOUC:, Ol KUplE:C: OOKOL cpepouv ~UAlVT] OOK6 KOl OTT8XOUV 0,08 µ. To KTlplO KOAUITTE:TOl an6 Tpippl)(TTl ~UAlVT] 0Tey17. LTO o(ppl)(fO Koµµ6Tt TllC: 0Tey17c;, unapxouv 12 ouvoAtK6 ½euKT6, TO onoia anexouv µeTO~U TOUC: 2,00-2,20 µ. To K08e ½f:UKT6 OTTlPL½E:TOl oe ouvoAtK6 Tfooepa CJT]µda (T6oo OTlC: neptµeTplKec; TOlXOnmiec; 600 KOl OTlC: eOWTE:plK8C:, nc; nap6M17>-ec; µe TOV 010µT7Kl7 6~ova TOU KTtp(ou). 'ETm, K68e op800T6T17c; OTTJPl½E:Tm oe unoKdµevo ~UAlVO unoOTu>-wµa TE:TpaywvlKllC: otmoµt'Jc; µe µt'JKOC: n>-eupac; nepi TO 22 eK. T6oo ot op8oOT6Tec; Km m aµdl30VTeC: 600 Km ot Tey(oec; dvm op8oywvtKl7C: 01moµ17c; Km KOAumoVTm an6 newwµa nou cpepet emKOAU4Jl1 an6 yaMtK6 Kepaµ(010 Tou epyoOTaoiou AMmivL 'Ooov acpopa OTO Tpirn ~(me; TllC: 0Tey17c;, nou l3p(OKE:TOl VOTlOOUTlKCl, oev exouµe OTOlXeLO YlO Tl7V KOTOOKE:UOOTlKl7 ooµt'J TOU, K08wc; eLVOl aMvaT17 T] np6ol30CJT].

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7. NOTIOOUTIKT] otjlr,. South west view.

said masonry, other vertical bearing elements are the 0.40 m. thick masonries located at both sides of the staircase and the wooden columns of rectangular cross-section, supporting the trusses of the roof. Two wooden friezes are located on the floor masonries. The support structure of the ground floor roof consists of iron girders of a INP120 cross-section, located vertically as to the longitudinal axle of the building and bearing arched layers of bricks. The distance between two consecutive girders does not exceed 55 cm., while the said arched layers of bricks are shaped by six horizontally perforated bricks. The secondary iron girders seat on pairs of (main) iron girders with a INP180 cross section, the latter located vertically as to the former and situated along the building. The main girders' length is between 4.20 m. and 5.60 m.; the two parts of which they consist are probably connected on the masonries, either through nailing or screwing. There is a wooden beam in between the main girders, which have a 0.08 m. spacing.

8. Bopewour1Kf/ 6tjlr,. North west view.

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The building is covered by a three-pitch wooden roof. At the two-pitch part of the roof, there are 12 trusses in total, with a distance of 2.00-2.20 m. among them. Each truss rests on four positions in total (both on the perimetric masonries as well as on the inner masonries, which are parallel to the longitudinal axle of the building). Thus, each post seats on an underlying wooden column of square cross-section, whose sides are approximately 22 cm. long. The posts, the horizontal supports and the chords have a rectangular cross section and are covered by roof boarding, which is also covered by French type roof tiles, fabricated by the Allatini factory. As regards the third aisle of the roof, located southwest, there is no available data on its constructive structure, as it is impossible to access it.

Pathology

The basic cause of pathology inside the building is the destruction of the roof, as well as the lack of maintenance and protection from the elements. This resulted in increased humidity inside the building, as well as in the gradual perishing of its particular morphological and structural elements, for example through the oxidization of the iron beams and the decay of wooden parts. The facades were also greatly damaged. The unfortunate results of this phenomenon can be seen in every part of the building, as, for example, in the extensive parget abruption, the corrosion and the occurrence of vegetation. Besides the damages due to descending humidity, one can also observe the expected damages on the building, such as fissures in the cross-sections of the interior with the exterior walls where they not connected with interweaved bricks, as well as local wear due to vegetation, colour alterations etc.

A restoration and re-use proposal

General principles and aims of the intervention: • mild interventions • the preservation and highlighting of the particular typological and morphological character of the building • the conservation of the original construction material and methodology • ensuring the lifetime protection and preservation of the building • the highlighting of the original construction phase of the building, and the removal of any subsequent additions that alter and downgrade the building • the satisfaction of current needs • the integration of new materials • the achievement of reversibility in all new interventions. A research of the city's needs, combined with the wishes of the proprietors and the preservation of the building's typological character, led to a proposal for the creation of a Design Academy. More specifically, for the ground floor level on Edessis street, we propose the creation of an exhibition area for industrial design (permanent exhibition) or for similar periodic exhibitions. The lofts get demolished, due to the overall low height, and replaced by a lightweight, wooden perforated construction, which hangs from the ground-floor's ceiling by metal suspenders and serves the lighting needs in the exhibition area, while at the same time it alludes to the former lofts. The ground floor returns to its initial phase. The unification of the previously divided spaces creates the reception area of the De-

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Proposal, 30. 10. Tpcai516araTTJ avarrap6arnari mu t:K8eataKou xwpou.

Proposal of the exhibition place, 30.

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Colour scheme proposal

The colour scheme proposal is based on a monochromic principle. An ochre tint is suggested for the exterior walls, and another shade of ochre (lighter by two tones) for all the protruding plaster elements on both floors. The paints should be traditional and environmentally friendly, so that the fagade will have a low-key, patinated look. The aim is to ac-centuate the plasticity of the building through its rich relief decoration, rather than through the use of colour. Therefore, the use of subtle tones is recommended. As far as the interior is concerned, we suggest painting the walls and the plastered ceilings a light beige. The wooden structural elements and the first floor ceilings could be varnished brown, whereas the wooden door- and window-casings could be oil-painted brick-brown, just like the color found on the ground floor casings, which is believed to be part of the building's initial construction phase. The metal surfaces of the front door, as well as those of the interior and exterior railings could be painted in a lead color.