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Database Application System Assignment
Objectives of Data Application System | Augustine Barlow
Database Application System Assignment
P1: Mission statement and Objectives of Database Application System The purpose of database application system assignment is to organize, manage and store large amounts of data in organizations. To ensure integrity and consistency of data, database management and database application system performs some vital functions:
Transaction Management Security Management Back up and recovery Data integrity management Multiuser Access Control Database Access Languages Data Storage Management Transaction Management : This says that, all transactions must follow ACID properties and must be completed in entirety or not started at all.
ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability. Atomicity: All tasks of the transaction must be performed or transaction must not be started at all, this means that a transaction must not remain in incomplete state otherwise it will make database incorrect. Consistency: The database must remain in consistent state before the transaction starts and after the transaction is over, whether the transaction is successful or not. This implies that a database must show value which is a whole number, it must not be in fractions. Isolation: Two transaction, occurring simultaneously in a system cannot access or view each other at a time. This implies, that transactions cannot are not accessible in intermediate state. This is required to maintain consistency in database. Durability: When the transaction gets completed successfully, the results must persist and not get undone by any kind of disaster like natural calamity or system crash.
Security Management: Only authorized users who have proper login credentials can access the database. This is important to safeguard database against malicious and unidentified access.
Back up and recovery: This measure is required to protect the database in case of persistent problems like power outage. Backup and Recovery function of database ensures that how long the database management system takes to bring back the system in its original state.
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Data integrity management: To reduce data redundancy and maximize data consistency is the rule that is enforced by database application system, ensuring that resulting database returns same answers that is intended.
Multiuser Access Control : Without affecting the integrity and consistency of the database, the ability of multiple users to access the database at same time.
Database Access Languages : A non-procedural language like SQL is used which gives the facility to easily manage the database transactions like insertion, deletion, updation of database. It is simple and can be learnt by naïve users easily.
Data Storage Management or data dictionary management: When any data is requested by end user it is fetched from database management system or DBMS. DBMS removes the data and structural dependency and provides end user with abstracted version of data, which is lot easier to read, understand and implement.
The objective of database application system is to serve as an organized means of keeping track of database like Wellmeadows Hospital.
Mission and Objectives of Wellmeadows Hospital Mission statement : To provide cost effective and accessible healthcare services all over United Kingdom. Objective statement : To provide world’s best healthcare services to elderly people, treating illness in compassionate way. The database application system will allow the end users to search various entities and their corresponding relationship. This database will enhance proper functioning of hospital, and will help hospital staff to keep track of various activities easily. This will also allow to develop an organized check-in and check-out system and help to keep a check on various staff members, patients and doctors. Also see Features of Database Management System. A centralized database will ease the work of patients, doctors, and all hospital staff members, to check various transactions, hospital supplies, inpatient and outpatient status, and attendance of various members of staff.
P2: ER Diagram for Wellmeadows Hospital :
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Above ER Diagram for Wellmeadows hospital shows following operations:
Suppliers supply Wellmeadows Hospital with pharmaceutical, surgical and non-surgical supplies. Hospital has a medical officer who manages various supplies (pharmaceutical, surgical and non-surgical) Hospital has a personnel officer who particularly looks towards staff and its operations. Staff has hospital consultants and charge nurses etc. Patients take appointments via hospital consultants. Doctors treat patients and prescribe medication. Patients can be inpatient or outpatient. There are wards in the hospital which has respective staff.
P3: Relational Database for Wellmeadows Hospital We will discuss relational database for Wellmeadows Hospital. The tables with their respective attributes and constraints are as follows:
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Table
Attribute
Constraints
Supplier
Supp_id
Primary Key
Supp_name
Supp_street
Supp_city
Supp_phone
Supp_fax_no
Staff
Staff_id
Primary Key
Staff_fname
Staff_lname
Staff_street
Staff_city
Staff_dob
Staff_gender
Staff_nin
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Staff_phone
Staff_salary_scale
Staff_salary
Staff_position
Staff_work_exp_start_date
Staff_work_exp_end_date
Staff_org_name
Staff_date_of_qualification
Staff_qualification_type
Staff_institution_name
Staff_employment_contract
Doctor
Doc_id
Primary Key
Doc_fname
Doc_lname
Doc_clinic_no
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Doc_street
Doc_city
Doc_phone
Patient
Pat_id
Pat_fname
Primary Key
Pat-lname
Pat_street
Pat_city
Pat_registration_date
Pat_dob
Pat_gender
Pat_appointment_no
Pat_next_of_kin_fname
Pat_next_of_kin_lname
Pat_next_of_kin_relationship
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Pat_next_of_kin_phone
Medication
Bill_no
Primary Key
Pat_fname
Foreign Key
Pat_lname
Foreign Key
Pat_street
Pat_city
Drug_id
Drug_name
Med_Start_date
Med_end_date
Unit_per_day
Method_of_adm
Ward
Ward_id
Primary Key
Ward_name
Location
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No_of_beds
Phone_ext_no
Pharmaceutical Supplies
Drug_id
Primary Key
Drug_name
Drug_desc
Reorder_level
Cost_per_unit
Drug_dosage
Method_of_administration
Quantity_in_stock
Non_surgical_supplies
Non_surgical_supplies_id
Primary Key
Non_surgical_supplies_name
Non_surgical_supplies_desc
Quantity_in_stock
Reorder_level
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Requisition_Form
Requisition_form_id
Primary Key
Drug_id
Foreign Key
Drug_name
Drug_desc
Cost_per_unit
Drug_dosage
Date_of_ordering_drug
Method_of_administration
Drug_quantity_required
Ward_id
Ward_name
Staff_id
Foreign Key
Staff_name
Read about Catering Database Management. Relationships between various entities: The relationships and corresponding entities with cardinality constraints are as follows:
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Relationship
Entity 1
Entity 2
Cardinality
Supplies
Charge Nurse
Requisition_form
1:N
Supplied by
Supplier
Supplies
M:N
Gives appointment
Hospital consultant
patient
1:N
Treated by
Patient
Doctor
N:1
Prescribe
Doctor
Medication
1:N
Manages
Personnel officer
Staff
1:N
Manages
Medical officer
Staff
1:N
Manages
Medical officer
Bed
1:N
Manages
Medical officer
Supplies
1:N
Has
Hospital
Medical officer
1:1
Has
Hospital
Personnel officer
1:1
Has
Staff
Ward
M:N
References :  
Generalization, Specialization and Aggregation [Online]. [Accessed on 25 November 2014]. Available on world wide web: <http://www.studytonight.com/dbms/generalization-and-specialization.php> Entity Relationship Modeling [Online]. [Accessed on 25 November 2014]. Available on world wide web: <http://www.databasedesign.co.uk/bookdatabasesafirstcourse/chap3/chap3.htm>
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DBMS Functions- Database Management [Online]. [Accessed on 25 November 2014]. Available on world wide web: <http://databasemanagement.wikia.com/wiki/DBMS_Functions> Introduction to database systems [Online]. [Accessed on 25 November 2014]. Available on world wide web: <http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/~bina/cse462/lectures/lec1/sld001.htm> What is Database Management System [Online]. [Accessed on 25 November 2014]. Available on world wide web: <http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-database-management-system-purpose-andfunction.html> Database ACID properties [Online]. [Accessed on 26 November 2014]. Available on world wide web: <http://www.lightwolftech.com/index.php?page=backgrounders>
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