NOTICE: Depending on unfolding COVID-19 events, the May/ June 2020 issue of the Progressive Rancher might only be available online or we might only be able to produce and print a June 2020 Issue. Please follow us on Facebook for current announcements.
FIND MORE ARTICLES ON OUR WEBSITE
IN THIS ISSUE 3 President's Perspective BQA Certification
20 Nevada Farm Bureau Fixing Whats Wrong With Rules
5 Congressman Amodei News Release
22 Churchill County Cowbells Update & Recipe
4 NCA Roundup Scholarship Extension
5 NDA News Release
www.progressiverancher.com Comprehensive Feasibility Study: U.S. Beef Cattle Identification and Traceability Systems Evaluation of Opportunities, Obstacles and Incentives Across the U.S. Beef Industry Value Chain Phasing Out Select Grade Beef Hard Copy Issues of this magazine are now only available in Nevada, Utah, California, Idaho, Oregon & Washington, D.C. so keep up with issues FREE at our website and on Facebook
FIND US ON FACEBOOK AT
6 NBC Checkoff News Elko Stockmanship Event
You are invited to COWBOY CHURCH Sunday @ 11am services Bible Study Wed @ 6 pm
10 Eye On The Outside Viral Thoughts
34 Snyder Livestock 2020 Sales Report
8 Mind of a Millennial A Trying Time
12 Nevada CattleWomen Update 12 Editorial - Staci Emm Rocky Ag Prices
3767 Keyes Way Fallon, NV 89406
threecrossls@cccomm.net
2 APRIL 2020
(775) 240-8870 Cell (775) 867-3100
30 UC Davis - Balancing Nutrient Requirements & Forage Quality
36 2020 Winnemucca Ranch Hand Rodeo Results
37 2020 Winnemucca Cow Dog Trial Results 14 SRM - Planning for Plant Growth: Using the Grazing Response Index 38 2020 RHR Results 18 Nevada Farm Bureau News Releases
39 Ross Zimmerman 2020 Ranch Hand of the Year
The Progressive Rancher Owner/Editor/Publisher – Leana Litten Carey progressiverancher@elko.net Graphic Design/Layout – www.AllegraReno.com
Cover Credit: Jessica Olson
Published 8 times a year. Viewable at www.progressiverancher.com Readership reaches more than 30,000. The views and opinions expressed by writers of articles appearing in this publication are not necessarily those of the editor. Letters of opinion are welcome. Advertising rates available upon request. Advertising does not imply editorial endorsement. Liability for errors or omissions in advertisements shall not exceed the cost of the space occupied by the error or omission. © The Progressive Rancher Magazine. All rights reserved.
Leana Litten Carey, Owner/Editor
1951 W Williams Ave # 432 • Fallon, Nevada 89406 (208) 358-2487 • progressiverancher@elko.net
We would love to come to your event or ranch and host Cowboy Church for you.
Tom J. Gonzalez | Diana J. Gonzalez, Pastor
27 Back To Basics: Mineral, A Necessary Cost Input
28 Youth Beef Quality Assurance: Biosecurity
Are you having a Rodeo or Livestock event? GIVE US A CALL.
Harmony Ranch Ministry
26 The How Not The Cow
7 NBC - Recipe
/ TheProgressiveRancher
You are invited to COWBOY CHURCH Bible Study Fri @ 9 am 4275 Solias Rd Fallon, NV
21 Nevada Farm Bureau Support for NEPA Rules
Read the magazine and more articles online at
WWW.PROGRESSIVERANCHER.COM
The Progressive Rancher
Ads sent to or built by The Progressive Rancher become property of this magazine. www.progressiverancher.com
President's perspective By Tom Barnes, President, Nevada Cattlemen's Association Nevada Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) Certification Now Available On-Line Tom Barnes, NCA President Jon Griggs, NCA President Elect Hanes Holman, NCA First Vice President Dave Baker, NCA Second Vice President Ron Torell, NCA BQA Coordinator
Raising “BEEF” following BQA guidelines has recently been recognized by the various segments of the feedlot and packing industries as well as our consumers as adding value to our product. The Nevada Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) program, under the umbrella of the National BQA guidelines, originated in the 1990’s under the direction of University of Nevada Cooperative Extension and University of Nevada College of Agriculture staff. The
Nevada program certified over 1,000 Nevada beef producers from BQA’s origination in the 1990s up to 2010. With the retirement of Nevada BQA Coordinators on and around 2010 and UNR electing not to replace those positions, there is currently no statewide BQA program in place to conduct BQA trainings and maintain a certification program. It is for this reason the Nevada BQA program now relies on NCBA and its newly created on-line BQA certification resources. Nevada Cattlemen’s Association recommends that you and your ranch crew become BQA certified or get re-certified at https://www.bqa.org/bqacertification/certification/online-certification
Beef Quality Assurance is a nationally coordinated, state implemented program that provides systematic information to U.S. beef producers and beef consumers of how common-sense husbandry techniques can be coupled with accepted scientific
WHAT IS BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE (BQA)? BQA is a nationally coordinated, state implemented program which provides science-based education to producers to enhance carcass quality and safety while also improving animal care. The program has evolved to include best practices around stockmanship, good record keeping, and herd health, which can result in increased profit for producers. BQA is designed to ensure consumers can take pride in what they purchase, and can trust and have confidence in the entire beef industry.
BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE CERTIFICATION:
THE RIGHT WAY IS THE
ONLY WAY ONLY
• Complete your certification at www.BQA.org » Available on-demand. Start/stop as you please. Estimated training time is 2.5 hours. » Select the training most appropriate for your cattle operation: Cow-Calf, Stocker/ Backgrounder, or Feedyard. • Or attend a local, in-person training » Trainings organized by local BQA trainers and experts, contact your BQA state coordinator to learn about opportunities.
Read the new 2020 NCBA manual here: National Cattlemen’s Beef Association 9110 E. Nichols Avenue, Suite 300 Centennial, Colorado 80112 303.694.0305 • BQA.org
www.progressiverancher.com
www.bqa.org/Media/BQA/ Docs/bqa_manual_final.pdf
WHAT IS BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE TRANSPORTATION (BQAT)? BQAT plays a critical role in the health and welfare of cattle. The proper handling and transport of cattle can reduce sickness, prevent bruises, and improve the quality of the meat from these animals. When a transporter participates in BQAT, they show customers and consumers they are ready to take every step possible to ensure the health and safety of the cattle in which they are transporting. The BQAT program covers many topics, including: • Cattle handling principles and guidelines • Checklists for loading/unloading • Checklists for hot/cold weather factors • Evaluation of Fitness for Transport • Checklist for traveling • Loading suggestions and worksheets • Biosecurity & Emergency Action Plans
BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE TRANSPORTATION CERTIFICATION: • Complete your certification at www.BQA.org » Available on-demand. Start/stop as you please. Estimated training time is 2.5 hours. » Select the training most appropriate for your business: Farmer-Rancher or Professional Transporter. • Or attend a local, in-person training » Trainings organized by local BQA trainers and experts, contact your BQA state coordinator to learn about opportunities.
ONLY WAY
The Progressive Rancher
knowledge to raise cattle under optimum management and environmental conditions. BQA guidelines are designed to make certain all beef consumers can take pride in what they purchase – and can trust and have confidence in the entire beef industry.
BQA programs have evolved to include best practices around good record keeping and protecting herd health, which can result in more profits for producers. When better quality cows leave the ranch and reach the market place, the producer, packer, and consumer all benefit. When better quality beef reaches the supermarket, consumers are more confident in the beef they are buying, and this increases beef consumption.
The efforts of BQA across the nation have been instrumental in recent successes that continue to re-build and sustain beef demand. Through BQA programs, producers recognize the economic value of committing to quality beef production at every level - not just at the feedlot or packing plant, but within every segment of the cattle industry.
The guiding principles of BQA are based on these core beliefs: • WE BELIEVE production practices affect consumer acceptance of beef.
• WE BELIEVE the BQA Program has and must continue to empower beef producers to improve the safety and wholesomeness of beef.
• WE BELIEVE these fundamental principles are the fabric of the BQA Program.
Empowering people . . . because producers can make a difference.
Taking responsibility . . . because it’s our job, not someone else’s.
Working together . . . because product safety and wholesomeness is everyone’s business.
Many of the video markets are asking for BQA certification as they list truck load lots of cattle. Do not wait until you list your cattle to become certified or re-certified. Get on-line and get it done! Not only could it ad value, “It is the right thing to do”.
ATTENTION READERS Look for the May/June 2020 issue of the Progressive Rancher to be posted 4.30.20 to www.progressiverancher.com APRIL 2020 3
Update – The NCA Scholarship Deadline has been Extended
By Kaley Chapin, Executive Director, Nevada Cattlemen’s Association Due to recent events taking place on a national and local level, the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association has decided to extend the deadline for the NCA Scholarship and the Marvel/Andrae Scholarship to April 20, 2020. Please see below the press release about these two scholarship opportunities: In the past, the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association (NCA) has annually awarded a $1,000 scholarship to a first-year college student beginning to pursue an education within the agricultural industry. This original NCA Scholarship is open to all Nevada High School graduating seniors planning to attend a Junior or four-year University and majoring in an Ag related field. The amount of this scholarship has been raised this year from $1,000 to $1,500!
and are returning to continue working towards their degree in agriculture. It is called the Marvel/Andrae Scholarship, and the amount of the scholarship will be announced annually. The 2020 Marvel/ Andrae Scholarship amount will be $2,500!
• Applicant must have a least a 2.5 GPA. A copy of the student’s official transcripts is required.
The original seed money used to fund the Marvel/Andrae Scholarship came from Agri Beef Company. This scholarship is to recognize the legacies of Tom & Rosita Marvel and Jim & Sharon Andrae, and the many contributions these two Nevada ranching families have made to our ranching industry.
• Three letters of reference.
Eligibility & application requirements for the NCA Scholarship include: • Applicant must be a senior graduating from a Nevada High School.
• Applicant must plan to attend a The NCA is now pleased to announce Community College or a 4-year that they are awarding a new “second” College or University. scholarship opportunity, which will be targeted toward agricultural students that • Applicant must be seeking a degree in an agriculturally related field. have completed their first year of college
• Applicant must submit a typewritten essay of 1,000 to 1,500 words on any current issue involving the beef industry, including references cited. Eligibility & application requirements for the Marvel/Andrae Scholarship include: • Applicant must plan to attend or be currently attending a Community College or a 4-year College or University.
• Applicant must be from Nevada and pursuing a degree in an agriculturalrelated field. • Applicant must have at least a 2.8 GPA. A copy of the student’s transcripts is required.
• Returning students that were previous recipients of the NCA Scholarship will be eligible to apply for the Marvel/Andrae Scholarship.
• Applicant should submit a cover letter outlining their background, current studies, and College or University they are currently attending and educational goals. Students and Educators interested in these two great Scholarship opportunities are encouraged to contact the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association. Scholarship application forms can be downloaded from the Nevada Cattlemen’s website at www.nevadacattlemen.org, or applicants can call the NCA office at 775-738-9214 or send a request to nca@ nevadabeef.org for a copy. Completed application form and all required information must be postmarked by April 20, 2020 and sent to: Attn: Research & Education Committee, c/o Nevada Cattlemen’s Association, P.O. Box 310, Elko, NV 89803; or submitted by email with the subject line, “2020 NCA Scholarship Applicant (Your Name)” to nca@nevadabeef.org.
Holloway livestock
1946 Sand Hollow Rd • Vale, OR 97918 • 541.473.4014
Jerald
208.250.7568
tyler
208.739.2891
colton
208.739.7089
MINERAL TUBS
• Highly Concentrated • Low Consumption • Low Cost to Feed • Consumption Guarantee HollowayLS@fmtcblue.com
4 APRIL 2020
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
NEWS RELEASE
Amodei Response to Governor Closing All Non-Essential Businesses CARSON CITY, Nev. – Congressman Mark Amodei (NV-02) released the below statement today following Governor Sisolak’s announcement that all non-essential businesses will be closed for the next 30 days: “If you have questions regarding the impacts and which specific businesses will be affected by this gubernatorial action, please call the Governor’s Carson City office at (775) 684-5670, his Las Vegas office at (702) 486-2500, or visit his website at www.gov.nv.gov. “In the meantime, all three of my offices remain open during regular business hours as we have deemed our federal operations essential. For additional information regarding COVID-19 updates, please visit my website at www.amodei.house.gov, or call my Washington office at (202) 225-6155, my Reno office at (775) 686-5760, or my Elko office at (775) 777-7705. “We will maintain CD-2 operations to ensure Nevada’s medical providers have the tools they need to respond to the threat facing us, and to minimize the economic impacts to businesses and individuals.’’
NEWS RELEASE As you have likely heard by now, Governor Sisolak recommended that all non-essential businesses in Nevada close. Yesterday afternoon, some clarification was provided with regards to what is considered an essential business. Per Governor Sisolak, businesses and organizations that provide food for disadvantaged populations, veterinary services, food processing, agriculture, livestock, feed mills, and warehousing should all continue to operate, but with every precaution to maintain social distancing. Below I have provided a complete list of our agency recommendations for essential businesses. As a reminder, the Nevada Department of Health and Human Services, the Centers for Disease Control, and the World Health Organization, social distancing guidelines must ensure six feet of space between non-household individuals. Lastly, I’d like to reiterate that these are only recommendations. Please strive to operate in a way that is in accordance with the health department, first and foremost. Thank you for your understanding, Jennifer Ott, Director Nevada Department of Agriculture 405 South 21st Street • Sparks, NV 89431 • (775) 353-3601 www.progressiverancher.com
Recommended Essential Business to Stay Open for 30 Days Essential agriculture businesses for the community at large: • All production agriculture including dairies, ranches and farms • Food manufacturers • Food processors Essential businesses for continuity of commerce: • Public livestock auctions • Registered Service Agencies/Agents (RSAs) when installing or repairing weighing and measuring equipment used by those industries/businesses deemed as essential. • Public Weighmasters (PWM) • Petroleum producers, suppliers, distributors and retailers • Pest control companies – limiting treatment to outdoor areas and wood destroying pest inspections Businesses essential to agriculture business: • Dealers/brokers of livestock and feed • Livestock trucking/transportation • Feed stores • Livestock/animal feed supplies and trucking • Livestock/animal medical suppliers • Veterinarians • Rendering facilities/trucking • Meat processing facilities • Feed processing facilities • Livestock feedlots
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 5
CHECKOFF NEWS Stockmanship Event Coming to Elko Nevada producers who attended the Cattle Industry Convention in San Antonio in February may have noticed their home state represented in the announcement of an exciting program coming in 2020. Elko has been selected as a site for the regional Stockmanship & Stewardship program, a nation-wide educational tour that brings world-renowned clinicians to each location for a top-notch learning opportunity. The Elko Stockmanship & Stewardship event is slated for August 12 and 13, primarily at the Elko County Fairgrounds, but with additional locations possible. Registration is anticipated to open later this spring, but for additional information and details, visit StockmanshipAndStewardship. org. Stockmanship & Stewardship is a unique two-day educational experience featuring low-stress cattle handling demonstrations, Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) educational sessions, facility design sessions to fit your operation and industry updates. The program is sponsored by the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA), a contractor to the Beef Checkoff, Merck Animal Health, and the Beef Checkoff-funded National Beef Quality Assurance program.
S&S clinician Curt Pate presenting to producers at a 2018 Stockmanship & Stewardship event in Colorado.
The tour features events to be led by stockmanship experts Curt Pate, Ron Gill and Dean Fish. By attending a Stockmanship & Stewardship event, producers may also become BQA certified, network with fellow producers, be involved in hands-on demonstrations from the stockmanship experts and learn cutting-edge operation techniques.
“These sessions will provide important tips and recommendations from industry experts that attendees will be able to put to work immediately in their operations,” said Chase DeCoite, NCBA director of Beef Quality Assurance. “At the same time, cattlemen and women who attend will be able to share valuable information with fellow producers to expand the universe of knowledge about successful stewardship practices.”
S&S Clinician Dr. Ron Gill.
“Merck Animal Health is honored to be the premier sponsor of this initiative, which very much complements our efforts to promote proper animal handling, animal welfare and beef quality assurance,” according to Kevin Mobley, executive director U.S. Cattle Sales and Marketing for Merck Animal Health. “Working with the NCBA and state cattle associations is another way that Merck Animal Health works for our beef producing customers.”
The Elko Stockmanship & Stewardship program is the result of collaboration of a number of producer organizations, with the Nevada Beef Council spearheading the proposal process that resulted in the site selection. If you are interested in helping with the program, or have questions or suggestions related to the event, contact Jill Scofield, Director of Producer Relations for the Nevada and California Beef Councils, at jill@calbeef.org.
Elko Stockmanship & Stewardship Workshop Wednesday, August 12 Thursday, August 13 Elko County Fairgrounds Registration & program details to be announced soon.
www.StockmanshipAndStewardship.org 6 APRIL 2020
Reminder: NBC Board Seats Available The Nevada Beef Council is currently accepting applications for two board seats that will become available this May. One of the available board seats represents the feeder sector, and the other represents the cow-calf sector in western Nevada. Beef producers representing either of these sectors who are interested in serving as a council member must submit an application by April 30. The council meets three times annually – twice in person, and once via conference call. Council members provide feedback, guidance and input on the activities and programs of the NBC. Applications are available at www. nevadabeef.org, or call 877-554-BEEF (2333) to request one to be mailed or e-mailed to you.
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
Red Eye-Rubbed Beef Sirloin Cap Roast with Roasted Garlic and Caramelized Onion Jam By Nevada Beef Council Staff
When the going gets tough, the tough get cooking. That’s our motto, anyway. This savory roast recipe has a deeply flavorful espresso and paprika rub that will satisfy any taste buds. It calls for a Sirloin Cap Roast, but use whatever roast you have on hand.
Ingredients
• 1 beef Sirloin Cap Roast, 1/8" fat, trimmed (about 2-1/4 pounds) Red Eye Coffee Rub: • 3 tablespoons espresso coffee powder • 2 teaspoons smoked paprika • 1 teaspoon kosher salt • 1 teaspoon garlic powder • 1 teaspoon coarse grind black pepper • 1 teaspoon chili powder Roasted Garlic and Onion Jam: • 1 head of garlic • 3 teaspoons olive oil, divided • 2 tablespoons butter • 2 onions, diced • 1 granny smith apple, peeled, cored and diced • 3 tablespoons packed brown sugar • 2 teaspoons salt • 1 teaspoon ground white pepper • 3 tablespoons white balsamic vinegar Garnish: Snipped chives
Courtesy of Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner.
www.nevadabeef.org | www.mybeefcheckoff.org
Preparation • Preheat oven to 350°F. Combine Rub ingredients in small bowl; press evenly onto beef Sirloin Cap Roast. • Place roast, fat-side up, on rack in shallow roasting pan. Insert ovenproof meat thermometer so tip is centered in thickest part of beef, not resting in fat. Do not add water or cover. • Cut about 1/4 inch off top of garlic head, exposing cloves. Remove outer papery skin, leaving head intact. Place in center of 12" square heavy-duty aluminum foil; drizzle with 1 teaspoon oil. Bring two opposite sides of foil over garlic; seal with double fold. Fold in open ends to seal. Place alongside roast in pan. • Roast beef in 350°F oven 55 to 65 minutes for medium rare; 65 to 75 minutes for medium doneness. Roast garlic 1-1/4 to 1-1/2 hours or until very soft and golden brown; set aside. Cook's Tip: You may substitute 2 tablespoons prepared roasted garlic for 1 garlic head and omit roasting garlic in step 2. • Remove roast when meat thermometer registers 135°F for medium rare; 150°F for medium. Transfer roast to carving board; tent loosely with aluminum foil. Let stand 10 to 15 minutes. (Temperature will continue to rise about 10°F to reach 145°F for medium rare; 160°F for medium.) • Meanwhile, heat butter and remaining 2 teaspoons oil in large nonstick skillet on medium heat until hot. Add onions, apple, brown sugar, salt and white pepper. Cook 18 to 20 minutes until onions are caramelized and brown, stirring occasionally. Remove roasted garlic from foil and smash into a paste with the back of a spoon. Add roasted garlic into onion mixture; cook 1 minute, stirring so garlic is combined. Add vinegar; cook 1 minute. Season with salt and pepper, as desired. • Carve roast into slices; season with salt and pepper, as desired. Serve with Roasted Garlic and Onion Jam. Garnish with chives. www.progressiverancher.com
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 7
In the Mind of a Millennial A Trying Time By Jill Scofield Director of Producer Relations, California & Nevada Beef Council This month’s column is coming to you from my home office, where I am working for now as my sons are out of school for the foreseeable future. I’ve learned a lot these last few days. For example, I’ve fully realized how underpaid and undervalued our teachers are. As the sister of two teachers, I’ve always known how much dedication and selfless commitment they put into their important work of educating our children. But as I look ahead to weeks, or even months, of making sure my boys don’t fall behind academically, I see now that appreciation was not enough.
So, to say I’m typing these words with some trepidation is an understatement. I don’t know what will happen in the coming days and weeks. I don’t know what the situation on the ground will be by the time you get this. I do know the impact of this, both economically and socially, will be felt deeply for a long time to come.
As such, it feels trite to talk about anything other than this feeling right now. But, there will be life after this, I know that – and organizations like ours will be ready and able to continue promoting the good work of Nevada’s ranching families, and the nutritious I’ve also learned (or maybe just product you all produce. confirmed) that the comfort of cooking and nutrition is critical in these trying For right now, providing reassurances times. Like many of you, providing meals to our consumers will be a critical to my family that nourish both the body mission for our staff, who serves both and the mind is comforting to me. That the California and Nevada beef councils. is certainly true in these difficult days. I And you’re a big part of that reassurance can’t control what’s going on out in the – as ranchers and beef producers, world or the panic our collective society your work to continue providing a is feeling, but I can make sure my family has a delicious and nutritious meal on the table.
wholesome, safe food supply during an unprecedented time in our history provides some calm among the chaos. Looking ahead to what the coming weeks and months might bring, we are working to assemble messaging and resources to reassure those in our communities about the continued availability of beef, provide additional education on ways to prepare and store beef, and share resources available to families to help them regain some normalcy during this time, such as education and curriculum assistance for homeschooling, and recipes and meal There’s a great quote by Howard Schultz inspiration for home cooks. that offers a good perspective of what From an operational perspective, please we’re going through: “In times of know that the NBC team is still hard at adversity and change, we really discover work on your behalf. We will continue to who we are and what we’re made of.” follow local and state guidelines on what are considered to be safe practices given But I already know what our Nevada the current situation, but regardless of ranchers are made of – grit, perseverance, what that looks like moving forward, we and the ability to overcome obstacles big will remain ready to serve you and the and small. Just what we all need right now. beef industry.
In the last week or so, we’ve seen store shelves cleaned out. Finding animal protein, including beef, has been a difficult task here locally as people stock up on food to feed their families for the coming weeks. There have also been significant gathering restrictions. Some places are on lockdown, with residents being urged to stay home except for critical needs, such as groceries, health care and banking. By the time these words are printed and being read by you, those restrictions may very well be even more widespread. Just this morning, Nevada’s governor announced the shutdown of the state’s casinos and other “nonessential” institutions. 8 APRIL 2020
Fallon: 8-5:30 M-F Gardnerville: 8-5 M-F Snyders Pinenut Livestock Supply
800-513-4963 • www.pinenutlivestocksupply.com Complete selection of animal health products, feed, and equipment for beef, dairy, equine, sheep, goat and small animal. Well-trained staff help make the right decision for any size herd. Our Fallon & Gardnerville stores can ship next-day. The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
OFFICE: 775-423-7760
Jack Payne Cell: 775-217-9273 • Alt: 775-225-8889 Cedarville - Archie Osborne 775-397-3645 Carey Hawkins 208-724-6712 Frank Norcutt 775-223-7390
Full-Service Cattle Sales & Marketing - Serving Fallon, Nevada and the Outlying Areas.
UPCOMING SALES April 15, 2020
Feeder Sale W/Regular Wednesday Sale
May 7, 2020
Special Pair And Bred Cow Sale The fire season is coming, and the targeted grazing fuel reduction program has been stalled until fall at the earliest. Now with COVID-19 they will use this as an excuse to delay that until next year. There is an abundant amount of leftover fuels from record moisture in 2019 that have been untouched, and long-term weather forecasts show plenty of lightning in May and June. President Trump threatened California that if they don’t get their fires under control that the feds will have to take over. Well guess what, the feds are already in charge in Nevada and the leftover BLM employees from previous administrations are doing their best to slow walk Trump’s executive orders for fuel reduction. Due to the Coronavirus, CME market manipulation, and Brazilian imports the cattle market has dropped like a rock. It is a great time to buy feeders, pairs, or bred cows to eat the grass before it burns up, but most allotments have been cut so far that our cattle don’t use 10%. The good news is the beef demand is WAY UP due to people stockpiling during the COVID-19 lock down. Thirteen head of fat slaughter ready cows and heiferettes went to local butcher shops from this week’s sale. My sister in law in Reno sold $100,000 worth of beef last week. The packers say they don’t need your cattle, but the American consumers are telling you otherwise. We are going to go through a tough spot here for a minute, but there are some very positive indicators out there down the road. Stay positive and keep raising quality beef. Send a letter to your congressmen and senators and tell them how you feel about the Brazilian beef coming in here and the packers price gouging the American consumer while they drop prices to the beef raisers and finishers. www.progressiverancher.com
BREAKING NEWS! Tyson Foods is offering to bump their fat cattle bids by $5. Think maybe they have a guilty conscience? Rumors of a DOJ investigation may have them running scared. They have taken advantage of a global disaster and continued to thicken their wallets. If enough people put pressure on their representatives and they pressure the President, maybe Sonny Perdue will be forced to do something besides nothing which is what he has done so far! And while you have your representative’s ear, be sure to demand that the American consumer be able to tell the difference between Brazilian Beef and American Beef with Country of Origin labeling!
Nevada Livestock Marketing Market Report March 19, 2020 TYPE Beef Cow Beef Bull Heiferette Beef Steers Under 300lbs Beef Steers 300 - 400 lbs Beef Steers 400 - 500 lbs Beef Steers 500 - 600 lbs Beef Steers 600 - 700 lbs Beef Steers 700 - 800 lbs Beef Heifers under 300 lbs Beef Heifers 300 - 400 lbs Beef Heifers 400 - 500 lbs Beef Heifers 500-600 lbs Beef Heifers 600 - 700 lbs Bred Cows
CWT AVG. 0.66 / lb 0.78 / lb 0.88 / lb 1.58 / lb 1.61 / lb 1.57 / lb 1.43 / lb 1.30 / lb 1.15 / lb 1.42 / lb 1.45 / lb 1.35 / lb 1.24 / lb 1.20 / lb $1,186.15 / hd
CWT HIGH. 0.75 /lb 0.88 / lb 0.96 / lb 1.73 / lb 1.73 / lb 1.70 / lb 1.48 / lb 1.36 / lb 1.18 / lb 1.47 / lb 1.57 / lb 1.40 / lb 1.35 / lb 1.25 / lb $1,220.00 / hd
“Where the Ranchers Shop” NEVADA LIVESTOCK VET SUPPLY, LLC Monday-Friday 8am-5pm ( 775 ) 624-4996 131 Industrial Way • Fallon, NV 89406
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 9
By Joseph Guild
VIRAL THOUGHTS Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, BSE, or “mad cow disease” was a big deal in the U.S. in 2003 right before Christmas when a confirmed case in one cow was discovered in Washington State. BSE can be transmitted to humans by eating meat from an infected BSE cow. This form of the disease is known as Creutzfeldt- Jacob disease (vCJD).
outbreak of Covid 19. In fact, it is almost non- existent except for people infected or from those who have friends or loved ones infected or worse. Now, don’t get me wrong, I think, though painful and extremally harmful to our economy, the measures being taken to prevent the spread of this virus are prudent and necessary. However, the run on things like toilet paper, hand sanitizers and the depletion of basic grocery items like beef and other meat products is the result of a panicked ill-informed society. As stated above, tens of thousands of our fellow citizens die every year from the flu and we still have bathroom essentials available in our stores. BSE hits the country and people, after learning they weren’t in danger, still ate beef.
The United States Department of Agriculture took swift steps to stem the spread of the disease because about ten years earlier Great Britain was finding around 1,000 BSE cases a week and ultimately had to order the slaughter of over three million cattle. This one incident during which only one human death was reported in England, caused a loss of billions of dollars before the markets stabilized here in the United States. Also, since 2003 there have been only a handful What can we learn from the past experiences we have had with public health of BSE cases in the United States. emergencies? Consistent information I write this while the country, indeed the from our political leaders and health world, is in the process of dealing with the professionals is essential in preventing effects of the latest corona virus, Covid 19. citizen panic. It doesn’t help to downplay In a mere matter of days with the number the dangers and minimize the risks of cases increasing dramatically, the world associated with community contact of this as we know it has been significantly virus. On the other hand, I believe that altered. Edicts closing schools, restaurants, with some prudent advice and following bars, churches, sporting events and even that advice we will be able to overcome postponing elections have been issued by this danger sooner than later. It will take political leaders all over this country and some sacrifice and concerted effort. the rest of the world. I am not arguing with these efforts to curtail the spread of One of the lessons of the past outbreaks this virus. However, I think a comparison of dangerous livestock diseases is they to agricultural outbreaks such as those eventually play out and do not now pose described above are informative and a significant threat to public health and safety. I certainly believe this virus will instructive. eventually pass on and our lives will be In another for instance, think about the back to normal. However, with a growing reaction we Americans have every year world population and ever more crowded to the seasonal outbreak of H1N1, or as living conditions for billions of people, is it’s better known, the common flu. The what we are seeing with this health crisis a CDC estimates even though millions view of our future world? of us get vaccinated for the flu, this flu season there have been at least 36 million The threat to the beef industry because of flu illnesses, 370,000 hospitalizations this latest crisis is not on the nation’s farms and 22,000 deaths. Our reaction to these and ranches because, generally speaking, astonishing statistics is not significant in big crowds of workers do not work in comparison to the reaction to this recent close proximity to each other or the public 10 APRIL 2020
except in one sector of the beef industry. Of course, the segment I am thinking about is the processors who turn live cattle into a retail and food service product that we put onto our plates for good, safe nutritious protein that we all need.
a dependable source of income. They will use whatever resources they have to pay for essentials like food transportation, medicine and rent but discretionary spending will become a thing of the past until this is all over.
What I worry most about as a result of this Covid 19 invasion is obviously the potential threat to my friends and loved ones. However, I am also concerned about the impact on our larger economy and to agriculture in general and the beef industry in particular. Because of all the closings of bars, restaurants, sporting events and socalled non- essential businesses millions of people will be out of jobs and without
The beef industry is working hard to ensure there is enough meat available for all who want it. But, panic buying and selling in all the sectors of this industry will upset the markets for some time to come until everyone realizes we have enough cattle to supply enough food for all who want it. Stay well and wash your hands. I’ll see you soon.
Watch "How do viruses jump from animals to humans?” youtu.be/xjcsrU-ZmgY
The Progressive Rancher
Watch "Why new diseases keep appearing in China" youtu.be/TPpoJGYlW54
www.progressiverancher.com
to your social security benefit
Social Security can be one of your most valuable nts when it comes retirement assets. The decision of when you startWould you like to ADVERTISE with us? al security benefi t when it comes Timing counts taking your benefit impacts how much you’ll receive. Do you have an ARTICLE you would like to submit?
your be one ofto your most social valuable security benefit he decision of when you start Social Security cantoday, be one ofand your learn most valuable Call or visit how your mpacts how much you’ll receive. retirement assets. The decision of when you start
Please submit your advertising inquiries or your article for
decision consideration to: progressiverancher@elko.net impacts your overall retirement income strategy. taking your benefit impacts how much you’ll receive.
and learn how your decision all retirement income strategy. Call or visit today, and learn how your decision
Final decisions about Social Security filing strategies always rest impacts your overall retirement income strategy. with you and should always be based on your specific needs ial Security filing strategies always rest andonhealth considerations. For more information, visit the Social ys be based your specifi needs Final decisions about cSocial Security filing strategies always rest . For more information, visit the Social Security website www.socialsecurity.gov. with you and Administration should always be based on your at specifi c needs
ebsite at www.socialsecurity.gov. and health considerations. For more information, visit the Social Security Administration website at www.socialsecurity.gov.
and, AAMS®
dvisor
5th Street
IRT-7557B-A
801 11
Jason B Land, AAMS®
Jason B. Land, AAMS®
Jason B Land, AAMS® Financial Advisor www.edwardjones.com
www.edwardjones.com Financial Advisor (775) 738-8811 www.edwardjones.com Financial Advisor Member SIPC Member SIPC . 2213. North 5th St Member SIPC www.edwardjones.com 2213 North 5th Street5th Street Suite2213 A North Suite ANV 89801 Elko,Suite A Elko, NV 89801 Member SIPC Elko, NV 775-738-8811
89801 775-738-8811
Ranch properties now available Cory Ranch Starr Valley
PENDING
1110 acres with over 400 with Surface water rights. On paved State Route approximately 35 minutes out of Elko and 15 minutes West Of Wells. Borders Forest. Great Ranch priced to sell at $1,499,000.
Elko County Summer Range
Located N of Wildhorse, S of Idaho border near Roland. Approx. 280 deeded acres made up of two Homesteads, both fenced and one with corrals and a cow camp. The Diamond A Allotment on the USFS is included which is for 230 pair from 6/14 - 10/31. Two pastures and it’s a private allotment Price: $995,000
Chicken Ranch near Wells
Approx. 3795 deeded acres just miles S of Wells most in crested wheat grass and an irrigation well permit for 160 acres. Test well drilled, water looks good. 3 phase power on site. Highway and RR frontage. Stockwater rights to Chicken Spring. $2,700,000
Nevada Water Solutions LLC
Flat Nose Ranch East Side
This ranch is just outside of Pioche, Nevada approximately 2 hours north of Las Vegas. 700+ Acres with approx. 495 acres water righted with surface and underground water rights. Ranch has been getting 1-6 landowner Mule Deer tags each year. Price: $2,700,000
For additional information on these properties, go to: BOTTARIREALTY.COM
Paul D. Bottari, Broker paul@bottarirealty.com
1222 6th St. PO Box 368 Wells, NV 89835
www.progressiverancher.com
Work: 775.752.3040
Cell: 775.752.0952 Fax: 775.752.3021
The Progressive Rancher
Water Rights / Resource Permitting Expertise
Thomas K. Gallagher, PE 775•825•1653 / FAX 775•825•1683 333 Flint Street / Reno, NV 89501 tomg@nevadawatersolutions.com APRIL 2020 11
by Melinda Sarman, President CattleWomen across Nevada are hard at work, not only with Spring activities on the ranch, but with countless hours volunteering in their committees with programs such as Ag in the Classroom, fundraisers, and Scholarships for Nevada’s youth, making such a difference in their counties and in the lives of so many. Through Ag in the Classroom, CattleWomen have been opening the mind of a teacher on the importance of where their food and fiber is produced and the benefits of grazing livestock on the rangeland. This program makes such an impact on today’s youth. The students learn so much as they see production agricultural in action. Classroom lessons that continue the learning and thrust of knowledge are sparked with Ag in the Classroom. CattleWomen, you are making a difference please keep up the incredible work. At the end of February, I was able to attend the meeting with the new affiliate AOB (All Other Breeds). What a considerate and energetic group of ladies! Some great and exciting plans are under way with this group. I can’t wait to see what they do! It was an honor to meet so many caring and welcoming ladies that have such a passion for the cattle industry.
Let’s Talk Ag Looks Like Rocky Ag Prices and Budget Shortfalls EDITORIAL By Staci Emm
During the month of April, I have two exciting opportunities. The first is to attend the Director Orientation in Denver, Colorado with NCBA and with Beef Check Off. The other is the Region VI meetings in Tempe AZ. I am truly excited to represent Nevada CattleWomen at both meetings. The dates for the Region VI Meeting are for April 27- 29 in Tempe, AZ. Room reservations and registration for the meetings are now open. Registration is $50.00 and can be mailed to Arizona State Cowbells, P.O. Box 1828, Dewey, AZ 86327. Hotel reservations can be made at Embassy Suites by Hilton Phoenix Tempe 480897-7444. At the Region VI Meetings we will have leadership opportunities and meet cattlewomen from across the west that are passionate about the beef industry. Nevada CattleWomen are working on some new and exciting programs. Over the next few months there will be information on our new programs. Every day the men and women in production ag are asked to do more with less. The ladies in Nevada CattleWomen understand this and are working hard on new things that effect the ever-changing beef industry. To better inform you of the activities of Nevada CatttleWomen, is my number one goal.
income levels decrease. For our international buyers, the volatility in the oil market, impacts of tariffs and COVID-19 have an impact on our agricultural products sold. The government is looking at stimulus packages and has lowered the interest rates to zero. My biggest fear is that it will take time to get stimulus packages out, and the government between the democrats and republicans don’t even have an agreement of what the package should look like. I hope by the time that you are all reading this article there are more knowns than unknowns.
What I can say is that if you are managing a farm and ranch it is time to be The volatility in the markets caused by a world-wide pandemic called COVID-19 conservative and management your cash flows like never before. There are some operations that can handle the financial risk because of a lower debt ratio and assets, will have ripple effects for Nevada agriculture for months to come. but there are other operations that are carrying a high debt load with limited assets This morning when I turned on the morning news, I expected to see a weather that could become a problem as the volatility in markets continue. report about the snow storm hitting Western Nevada and if I could make it to the University of Nevada, Reno campus to work on implementing online teaching On March 16, MGM Resorts announced the closure of its 13 properties in Las strategies. Unfortunately, ABC News broke into the local weather to say that the Vegas. The City of Reno also instituted a halt of all non-essential businesses. On the same day, Nevada Governor Sisolak called for a hiring freeze throughout state stock market had taken such a large drop upon opening that it was shut down. government. The state is expecting up to a 40% decrease in revenue due to the I checked futures markets, and current market reports, and livestock and commodity shutdown of the of tourism and convention industry. prices were down along with a drop in oil. Some are saying oil is tightly tied to commodity prices and markets, especially those international markets. The questions This is definitely scary, but China just closed its last coronavirus hospitals in Wuhan, showing a reduction in the spread of coronavirus and that it’s on the bottom end of then become why and how, and what should we prepare for. its bell curve. The question becomes, then, how to stabilize the damage to markets We are now in a time when the way we live our daily life is being restricted because and personal income after the famous “bell curve” peak. It is going to take time. of the COVID-19. While farmers and ranchers’ day-to-day life is not changing much on the farm/ranch, the life of their consumers is changing fast and drastically. What we can expect is that our lives will never quite be the same as we learn from what is happening right now. I can officially say that during my lifetime, I have The income of consumers is being impacted by a reduction in retirement accounts, seen a grocery store have no items on its shelves to sell. I have seen people pushing service workers losing tips and possibly pay, and all those other service workers in each other in grocery stores over food and paper supplies. I had only heard about our economic sector that are finding themselves furloughed or without a job. This it before from stories my grandmother told me about the Great Depression. Now, means that the domestic purchase of agriculture products becomes unknown as US I will have my own story about history to tell.
12 APRIL 2020
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
Upcoming Spring Sales
April 15 • May 7 May 28 • June 11 Check our website www.wvmcattle.com for consignment deadlines. All sales will be broadcast from WVM Headquarters in Cottonwood, CA
WATCH & LISTEN TO THE SALE on the Web at:
Elko County NRCHA Judge: Karl Smith
Stallion Nomination Deadline August 1, 2020 Nomination Fee: $200.00 Late nominations accepted from Aug 2 - 24 with $100 late fee
NEVADA STALLION STAKES ALL NSS CLASSES WILL DO HERD, DRY, COW EVENTS
Futurity • Derby • Hackamore Two Reined / Green Bridle & Bridle Divisions Open, Limited/Non Pro & Non Pro Limited Divisions NRCHA Rules
Nevada Stallion Stakes Show | Entry Deadline: August 24 Late entries accepted until August 27 with additional penalties
ECNRCHA Show | Entry Deadline August 27 Sagebrush Cutters Friday August 28 starting @ 8:00AM Entries due August 26
For details call (530) 347-3793 or the representative nearest you: Gary Nolan
Mark Venturacci
(775) 934-5678
(775) 427-8713
Elko, NV
Fallon, NV
call or email for additional information and a class list
Entries forms available at www.elkocountyfair.com E-mail entries to: ecfbsecretary@gmail.com Mail entries and payments to: Elko County Fair Board, PO Box 2067, Elko, NV 89803
Steve Lucas
Paradise Valley, NV
(775) 761-7575
For more info: JJ Roemmich 775.397.2769 or ecfbsecretary@gmail.com
Brad Peek — (916) 802-7335 or email us at wvm@wvmcattle.com Look for the catalog and video on www.wvmcattle.com
Market your cattle with the professionals!
www.progressiverancher.com
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 13
Planning for Plant Growth using the Grazing Response Index By Sherman Swanson, Dave Voth and Juan-Carlos Cervantes As cold moist soils warm up, plants grow leaves with stored carbohydrates. The leaves produce food for the plant by using photosynthesis to grow more leaves, stems, roots and seeds. Plant growth makes forage, and plants store excess food (e.g. carbohydrates and protein) to make next year’s forage. Depending on management strategies, grazing (or browsing) can slow or enhance plant growth. Grazing can enhance plant growth by allowing growing leaves to gain access to sunlight or by recycling nutrients, but during the growing season grazing removes leaves that were capturing energy. Not grazing allows leaves to continue growing, producing forage up to a point. However, forage for animal production is of the highest quality while plants are green and growing. Therein lies a principal challenge for grazing management. Using the different plant communities across a ranch, many producers strive to have livestock graze green forage while it is at its most nutritious value for as long as possible, especially when livestock nutritional needs for production and reproduction are greatest. To grow useful forage plants rather than useless weeds, producers manage the timing, duration, and intensity of grazing, and the timing and duration of recovery periods. Grazing management requires a strategy and planning.
The Grazing Response Index The grazing response index was created by people teaching the Colorado Range Management School (Reed et al. 1999). It combines several components of a grazing strategy: frequency of defoliation (bites per grazing season or before complete recovery), intensity of use (growing season utilization), and opportunity for growth or regrowth (while not being grazed). The Nevada Rangeland Monitoring Handbook, Ranchers’ Monitoring Guide and other publications highlight the utility of the index as a grazing management planning tool (Swanson et al. 2018; Perryman et al. 2006; Wyman et al. 2006). The index can be used after the grazing or growing season to help interpret multiple data sources, such as actual use records, notes about utilization or residual vegetation, and the time of the growing season (phenological stage) when grazing occurred. All these factors influence growth this year and next year. Before each grazing season, the index can be used as a planning tool. 14 APRIL 2020
Full Article: extension.unr.edu/publications.aspx
The index score varies from -4 to +4 and is calculated adequate time for full recovery, the more they are using the following components: stressed, and the less they can grow, reproduce and store carbohydrates for next growing season.To evaluate Frequency — The number of times a preferred plant the frequency of bites, the duration of grazing during is bitten during active growth, based on duration of the growing season is divided by the time needed for grazing during a growing period divided by 7 or up to sufficient plant growth to stimulate re-grazing. 10 days. Once (or none) = +1 Twice = 0 Three or more bites = -1 Plant growth in cold deserts is slow when soils are cold. As soil warms and leaves provide more food for leaf Intensity — Utilization or leaf material remaining growth, growth rate increases (Figure 1). Growth rate for growth at end of growing season grazing. Light , decreases as soil moisture decreases, the weather gets more than 60 percent remaining = +1 Moderate 45-59 too hot or too cold, and as plants switch from growing percent remaining = 0 Heavy less than 44 percent of leaves to growing seeds or storing food for next year. leaf remaining = -1 For simplicity in using the index, the growth curve is Opportunity — Portion of the growing season divided into three phases, slow growth, fast growth, available for growth or regrowth. Full season = +2 and slow growth. To estimate the number of bites on Most = +1 Some chance = 0 Little chance = -1 No the preferred forage plants, the number of grazing days during slow growth is divided by up to 10, and the chance = -2 number of fast growth grazing days is divided by seven. Total provides a positive, neutral or negative rating of This time period may vary where local observations of use on key species support a different time period for grazing impacts for the year. plant regrowth and repeated grazing. Because all plants Frequency of defoliation - When a growing plant is can be grazed and thrive when grazing periods allow grazed, the part of the plant removed can no longer time for only one bite, this duration is scored as a plus capture sunlight energy. Other leaves continue one (+1) for frequency. Time for two bites (with one photosynthesis, and with enough leaf area, time and soil on regrowth) is scored at zero (0), and time for three or moisture remaining in the growing season, plants can more bites is scored at minus one (-1). regrow. However, there may be a delay if the growing point where cells divide was removed by grazing. The Intensity of defoliation - As discussed above, plants rate of regrowth varies by season, soil moisture plant use leaves to grow roots, stems, leaves, seeds, etc., and to species, and temperature. If the grazing animals remain store carbohydrates to grow next year. Excess removal in the area after regrowth, the fresh leaves are often of leaf material has long been a focus of rangeland grazed off again. After seven to 10 days, regrowth of managers with measurements of utilization rate or grazed plants is often preferred because these plants stubble height remaining to adjust animal unit months are the preferred species or in a preferred location (the (e.g. cow AUMs). Managing for proper utilization and reason they were first grazed), and because fresh growth not overgrazing has been a dominant theme of public is more nutritious than older leaves with more lignin lands management in Nevada as exemplified by the first or other anti-quality compounds. Season-long light Nevada Rangeland Monitoring Handbook (Nevada stocking is often hard on the best forage plants (graze Range Studies Task Group 1984). However, it is often the best and fertilize the rest). Ungrazed plants may assumed that the utilization should be measured at the become “wolfy” with old leaves and thatch that deters end of the growing and grazing seasons to reflect all grazing. Ungrazed neighboring plants (e.g. weeds) may grazing as offset by regrowth. The index is about plant outcompete forage plants. Overgrazing or repeated use growth, so the focus is on the growing season. Utilization before full recovery happens to the most palatable and on dead or dormant herbaceous plants makes much preferred plants first and on an individual basis. On less impact than grazing photosynthetically active the grazed plants, the second bite again diverts growth leaves. To evaluate the intensity of grazing, consider away from roots, and the preferred forage plants may the proportion of leaf area the forage plants had during fall behind in the competition to grow and occupy soil. or at the end of their growing season; or, at the end of The more often preferred plants are bitten without the grazing period if animals left or were moved during The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
the growing season. Plants with most of their leaves available for growth at this time could still grow at a normal rate, so these areas are scored plus one (+1), with more than 60 percent of their leaf area remaining or less than 40 percent utilization. Pastures or use areas with forage plants with moderate utilization (41% to 55 percent utilized) and 45 to 59 percent or more of their leaf area still photosynthesizing are scored at zero (0) because they can easily recover from such an impact. Where plants were grazed more heavily (more than 56 percent) will likely decline in root and plant growth if this growing season intensity continued over several years. These areas are scored at minus one (-1) due to the lack of plant leaves for photosynthesis.
Rather, it provides a planning tool for evaluating the 2. develop new water or control water availability with anticipated effects of management, past or future. a shut-off valve or fencing with gates around the When combined with other monitoring information, water; such as precipitation and long-term or effectiveness monitoring records, the index can help interpret past 3. use protein supplement to attract livestock away from riparian areas when upland forage becomes management and adapt management to accomplish dormant; different results.
Opportunity to grow or regrow - Rangeland plants can recover from previous years grazing or from grazing earlier in this growing season if provided the opportunity to grow leaves and then use leaves to produce carbohydrates needed for more growth. This recovery can only happen during the growing season. The portion of the growing season when preferred forage plants are not being grazed is the key to success in many grazing management strategies. Grazing during the dormant season has little or no physiological effect on the dead leaves or dormant root crowns of herbaceous plants such as grass. To evaluate opportunity to grow or regrow, consider the portion of the growing season when livestock are not present and when plants can be growing and/or recovering. If grazing occurs only during the dormant season and forage plants were rested during the growing season, score the management/area at plus two (+2). If grazing occurs only during a small fraction of the growing season and most of it is available for growth or regrowth, score a plus one (+1). If grazing occurs during more of the growing season, but there is some chance for growth or regrowth, score opportunity at zero (0). If there is little chance for preferred forage plants to grow or regrow because grazing overlaps most of the growing season, score opportunity at minus one (-1). If grazing is growing-season-long, score opportunity at minus two (-2).
2. appreciate management likely to be successful, indicated with a positive index score each year or an average positive score across years;
Planning for plant growth and a positive GRI - Scores 4. apply stockmanship to place livestock (often more successful with protein supplement); can help livestock and rangeland managers succeed in the ongoing process of adaptive management by 5. graze big pastures in a big circle with a moving helping them to: herd; 1. recognize places where management may have stressed plants (negative index score);
3. plan management strategies (season and duration of use and non-use) for a positive score; 4. consider management adjustments and waters or fences that could improve the score; and 5. evaluate success over a period of years, especially where long-term or effectiveness monitoring suggests progress toward meeting resource objectives, or not.
7. use multiple species in a pasture (e.g. sheep may use steeper rangeland and more forbs and shrubs than cattle); 8. graze in a different season when livestock will go to different places because of forage or water availability; 9. graze small fenced pastures in summer and dormant rangeland in fall and winter, with emergency haystack for rare deep snow years; and
10. graze twice, once in the growing season – quickly across all or many pastures, and once after the growing season (Swanson and Voth 2019c). For example, low frequency scores can be improved with either shortened periods of use or by shifting Water - A larger herd using a use area in a shorter the period of use to a slower growing or dormant time requires a water source large enough to water the season. Either of these adjustments also enhances the herd, even if livestock do not consume more water. opportunity score. Grazing with one larger herd, rather Substantial areas in Nevada have only limited amounts than two smaller herds uses the animal unit months of water developed, and this has led to long seasons of (AUMs) of forage in less time (higher frequency and use with a smaller herd. Where the water is flowing opportunity scores) and usually does not change the from a riparian area, a long season of use can impair intensity score. Another way to increase stock density the ability of the riparian area to store water, and this in any one area and shorten the duration (number of further limits herd size or controls the season and bites) is to divide the pasture into multiple use areas duration of use. Water developments that tap riparian grazed one after the other. areas and do not have and use proper shut of valves More use areas - Frequent, managed, and intentional animal movement within a pasture can create shorter use periods and longer recovery periods. Animals that move frequently and as a herd, are leaving a use area within a pasture with plenty of recovery time use areas within a pasture will earn higher index scores than if the whole pasture is scored together as one use area (Swanson and Voth 2019a). Separate use areas may also lower utilization (higher intensity score) in areas that had been grazed too heavily or at the wrong time. The separate use areas may address distribution to avoid intense use in some areas. To create more growing season use areas, consider these options:
Total GRI score - For a given year, the index score is the total of three components of grazing influences on plant growth and recovery from grazing (frequency, intensity and opportunity). The total score can vary from plus four to minus four. This index indicates the likely impact of grazing on preferred forage plants. Index scoring can provide confidence that grazing management was within the ability of rangeland forage plants to recover from grazing and maintain their health. Conversely, it can suggest that preferred plants may be stressed. Because rangelands vary in the physiological and ecological resilience and resistance to grazing and other management impacts, the grazing 1. cross fence with permanent fencing or temporary electric fencing; response index is not a guarantee of success or of failure. www.progressiverancher.com
6. graze earlier in spring when cattle will follow the green up the mountain;
The Progressive Rancher
and/or float valves also drain and shrink the riparian area and decrease aquifer storage. To restore riparian functions and rangeland plants, it is much better to consider index-score-increasing options, such as larger herds for a shorter time and properly plumbing and managing larger water developments with adequate storage. Many options for water storage are available, but often the best is a properly functioning riparian area storing water underground from precipitation or snow-melt events with aquifer recharge. Range readiness - With season-long grazing, waiting for range readiness in the spring allows plants to grow before grazing. Animals are then less likely to get ahead of the forage and keep it from growing.
... continued next page APRIL 2020 15 
(. . . continued) Unfortunately, this strategy had only limited success, and it also often worsened conditions in riparian areas. Without movement of livestock, important parts of many pastures suffered from repeated growing-season grazing with little or no recovery. To avoid overgrazing, livestock numbers have been reduced in many areas. Many of these areas may have been under-stocked, leaving wolfy plants or converting to more shrubs and then more cheatgrass, while the preferred forage plants were over-grazed. Managing for plant health with the insights provided by the index provides alternatives for plant health and enables targeted grazing for desired results. The index focuses on the growing season. Indexinspired strategies enable grazing when forage is most nutritious and keeps plants healthy. Optimal livestock production keeps livestock consuming green forage for as much of the year as possible, and matches the biological cycle of the cow to the forage nutrition cycle of the range. To accomplish this, keep animals moving while plants grow. Movement of the herd considering the growing seasons of rangeland plant communities optimizes animal nutrition, the index score and plant growth. Grazing in the dormant season lowers the nutrition of the forage at the time of consumption, but may provide an economical alternative to feeding hay. Furthermore, dormant-season grazing causes little stress and some benefits to rangelands and plants.
Wildlife and wild or feral horses or burros - While the management tools discussed above are most applicable to livestock, other herbivores consume forage and may create the bulk of the grazing impact in certain locations. Typically these populations are only managed through adjustment of herd or population size. Some herds migrate, using different community types or parts of a rangeland in different seasons. Where use by these animals is significant, it can also be included in the index scoring or thought process by specifically noting their intensity and actual use dates in relation to growing season. Index scoring has been used to evaluate wild horse impacts to riparian areas. Season-long use with little growing season time for recovery suggests causal factors for riparian losses and impaired functions (McCue 2019). Stocking rate is a weak tool for fixing issues with riparian grazing management of cattle (Swanson et al. 2015). Riparian pastures were suggested for important sage-grouse late brood rearing habitats by the Nevada Sage-grouse Conservation Plan (Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Technical Team 2014). This suggest that appropriate management levels may need to be reduced and herds more tightly managed to “achieve and maintain a thriving natural ecological balance on the public lands,” protect wildlife habitat, and prevent range deterioration (Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971 (16 USC § 1332 (f ).
FIGURE 1. These growth curves estimated by Brad Schultz, Humboldt County Extension Educator, show that different plant communities on a ranch grow at different times depending on soil temperature and moisture. The growing season for each plant community could be divided into periods of slow and fast growth and these vary by year depending on weather.
16 APRIL 2020
Mixing it up - Animals go to different places in a pasture depending on the season. They eat different plants and plant parts. Plants grow different plant parts or emphasize different physiological processes at different timesthe growing season. So, mixing up the season of use among years in each pasture or use area helps the diversity of plants across a pasture to thrive. The index could easily be augmented with an additional planning tool to evaluate variation in use period between or among years (Swanson et al. 2015). Also, principles appreciated through the index could be used to describe strategies (Swanson 2019b) for grazing management that could then guide implementation or shortterm monitoring. These strategies for management should support plant growth and be designed to reach objectives. Conclusion - Adaptive management relies on a combination of short-term or implementation monitoring focused on management strategies and longterm or effectiveness monitoring focused on attainment of resource objectives. The grazing response index can be a powerful planning tool for adaptive management Swanson et al. 2018). The index is most useful for thinking about grazing management strategies and how they likely affect plant growth and plant health in various locations across a ranch or pasture. Impacts can be managed by adjusting or changing the period of use, duration of use, timing and duration of recovery or rest periods, and stocking rate. These adjustments interact and should vary among years. Challenges in implementing useful changes may stem from a lack of appropriate infrastructure, such as water sufficient for the larger herd, or from failure to consider tools that are available and could enable positive change. Often the conversation needed to enable change requires reframing of the issue from avoiding over-grazing to grazing for plant health. To affect this, it is useful to producers and rangeland management specialists to score and discuss the index together.
Suggested Reading McAdoo, K., B. Schultz, R. Torell, S. Swanson, G. McCuin, and K. Curtis. 2010. Nevada Range Management School: Focus on Sustainability. University of Nevada Cooperative Extension Special Publication. SP-10-09. 9 pp. http://www.unce.unr.edu/publications/files/nr/2010/sp1009.pdf McCue, Sabrina. 2019. Impact of Large Herbivore Use in Meadows on Lentic Function as Seen by Wetland Extent and Vegetation Hydric Status. MS Thesis in Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno. Nevada Range Studies Task Group. 1984. Nevada Rangeland Monitoring Handbook. A Cooperative Effort by: Soil Conservation Service, Forest Service, and Agricultural Research Service, Bureau of Land Management, University of Nevada-Reno, and Range Consultants. 49 pp. Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Technical Team. 2014. Nevada Greater Sage-Grouse Conservation Plan. Sagebrush Ecosystem Program, State of Nevada. 152 pp. http://sagebrusheco.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/sagebrusheconvgov/content/home/features/2014_ConsolidatedStatePlan.pdf Perryman, B. L., L. B. Bruce, P. T. Tueller, and S. R. Swanson. 2006. Ranchers’ Monitoring Guide. University of Nevada Cooperative Extension Educational Bulletin EB-06-04. 48 pp. http://www.unce.unr.edu/publications/files/ag/2006/eb0604.pdf (An update of this is in process at the time of publication.) Reed, F., R. Roath, and D. Bradford. 1999. The Grazing Response Index: A Simple and Effective Method to Evaluate Grazing Impacts, Rangelands, August: 3-6. Swanson, S., S. Wyman, and C. Evans. 2015. Practical Grazing Management to Maintain or Restore Riparian Functions and Values. Journal of Rangeland Applications, 2:1-28. Swanson, S. , B. Schultz, P. Novak-Echenique, K. Dyer, G. McCuin, J. Linebaugh, B. Perryman, P. Tueller, R. Jenkins, B. Scherrer, T. Vogel, D. Voth, M. Freese, R. Shane, and K. McGowan. 2018. Nevada Rangeland Monitoring Handbook, Third Edition. University of Nevada Cooperative Extension Special Publication SP-18-03. 122 pp. http://www.unce.unr.edu/publications/sp_2018_03.aspx Swanson, S. and D. Voth. 2019a. Grazing Response Index Tables for Use Areas. University of Nevada, Reno Extension Informational Publication 19-04. 11 pp. Swanson, S. and D. Voth. 2019b. Strategies for Grazing Management. University of Nevada, Reno Extension Informational Publication 19-05. 4 pp. Swanson, S. and D. Voth. 2019c. Grazing Twice. University of Nevada Cooperative Extension Informational Publication 19-04 10 pp. Teague, Richard, Fred Provenza, Urs Kreuter, Tim Steffens and Matt Barnes. 2013. Multi-paddock grazing on rangelands: Why the perceptual dichotomy between research results and rancher experience? Journal of Environmental Management 128:699-717. Wyman S., D. Bailey, M. Borman, S. Cote, J. Eisner, W. Elmore, B. Leinard, S. Leonard, F. Reed, S. Swanson, L. Van Riper, T. Westfall, R. Wiley, A. Winward. 2006. Management Processes & Strategies for Grazing Riparian-Wetland Areas. BLM TR 1737-20. 119 pp. naes.unr.edu/swanson/Extension/PFCTeam.aspx
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
One of two grasses that does well on low fertility or high alkali soils! Hercules will establish on soils with a PH as high as 10.1 More forage and better quality than Alkar or Jose
Alkar
Good growth early in the spring As with Newhy, be sure to graze before heading Over 40 years experience
Hercules
One of two grasses that does well on low fertility or high alkali soils! Hercules will establish on soils with a PH as high as 10.1
Special Feeder Sales
April 14 May 12
More forage and better quality than Alkar or Jose Good growth early in the spring
Fast-Paced Ranch Rodeo
As with Newhy, be sure to graze before heading Over 40 years experience
Greenway Seeds Caldwell, Idaho Alan Greenway, Seedsman Cell: (208) 250-0159 Msg: (208) 454-8342 www.greenwayseed.com
www.progressiverancher.com
Greenway Seeds Caldwell, Idaho Alan Greenway, Seedsman Cell: (208) 250-0159 Msg: (208) 454-8342 www.greenwayseed.com
May 25
For info about our Team Roping, please visit FallonLivestock.com
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 17 
Nevada Farm Bureau by Zippy Duvall, President | twitter.com/@ZippyDuvall Things are far from business as usual in cities and towns across America this week. Millions of us are being called to serve our neighbors by staying home. Our American Farm Bureau offices in DC have closed for the time being to follow this guidance and to help our employees and their families and neighbors stay safe and healthy. But staying home doesn’t mean that our work stops, and we know that it sure doesn’t mean work on the farm stops. There is a lot beyond our control and still unknown as we face this crisis, but we can focus on and be faithful with the tasks at hand. For farmers and ranchers our calling hasn’t changed, though its importance hits closer to home in times like these: we are committed to rising every day to grow and harvest the food we all depend on. We can’t do that work alone, however. In the days, weeks and months ahead, agriculture will continue to depend on access to a skilled workforce to help with the work of planting, cultivating and harvesting our crops. For this reason, Farm Bureau is urging our nation’s leaders to classify farm workers as emergency workers on H2A guest-worker visa applications. We understand the Administration’s responsibility to act on behalf of our public health, and we must all do our part to protect
Farmers & Ranchers Rise to the Call
a luxury to be enjoyed by some. Farmers must be able to stay connected across the supply chain. Students in rural America will need access to online classes as grade schools, high schools and universities shut down for the coming weeks, possibly months. And rural Americans of all ages will depend on access to telemedicine and Empty shelves can be frightening, but empty fields and counseling services to protect and promote well-being barns would be devastating. throughout this crisis. While the coming weeks will be long for everyone, our friends with no reliable broadband We have been blessed with plenty when it comes to will face a greater challenge in connecting to critical America’s food supply. Empty shelves can be frightening, information and services. but empty fields and barns would be devastating. Times like these should remind us all of the importance of Like you, I am praying for a quick end to this pandemic. ensuring our nation’s food security. While many retailers I also have faith that great stories of service, of neighbors are scaling back and temporarily closing for public health, helping neighbors and communities working together agriculture remains on call 24/7. As Americans everywhere (even from a distance) to protect one another will shine rush to their local grocery stores, I am reminded of and brightly across this country. grateful for the tireless hours farmers and ranchers put in all year long to supply healthy, affordable food to be As any farmer knows, only too well, not one of us was processed and packaged so stores can restock grocery promised we’d never face tough times. But I do believe that the Lord gives us grace to face each day and to handle shelves, produce bins, and meat and dairy cases. the tasks He has set before us. Let us each face this day We can also be thankful to live in a time when advances with a heart to serve our neighbors, with endurance to in technology allow us to continue our work and stay finish the day’s work, and with courage to get up and do connected from a distance. But this national and global it again tomorrow. crisis, now more than ever before, is a reminder that a reliable broadband connection is a necessity for all, not the health of our families and communities. We can— and we must—find a way to safely secure access to the workforce agriculture needs to continue our critical work of providing a healthy, affordable food supply for our nation.
U.S. Farmers & Ranchers Focused on Stable Food Supply As Farm Labor Worries Grow U.S. agriculture is working diligently to maintain the stability of our food supply as concerns over COVID-19 lead to increased consumer purchases of groceries and other items. The following statement may be attributed to American Farm Bureau Federation President Zippy Duvall about the commitment of farmers and ranchers, as well as a serious concern related to the U.S. government’s decision to suspend visa processing in Mexico to combat the spread of the virus. “Farmers and ranchers remain committed to doing the work in the fields, orchards and barns across the country to ensure Americans have access to healthy, affordable food. Particularly now, during these challenging times, an assured food supply allows families to focus on the safety and well-being of their loved ones. We commend the good work being done to protect families and our population and appreciate all the workers focused on ensuring food gets from our farms to grocery stores, and of course we are grateful for the health care workers ensuring we can treat those who are ill and contain the pandemic.
18 APRIL 2020
“The decision to halt visa application processing in Mexico will restrict the number of immigrant workers being allowed to enter the country. Under the new restrictions, American farmers will not have access to all of the skilled immigrant labor needed at a critical time in the planting season. This threatens our ability to put food on Americans’ tables. “We fully support the administration’s efforts to protect the public during this health crisis. We are in constant contact with USDA, the State Department and the White House. We have urged them to find safe, practical ways to admit farm laborers as emergency workers for visa purposes while still protecting public health. Failing to do so will impact our ability to provide a healthy, affordable domestic food supply.
BACKGROUND:
• The United States will suspend routine immigrant and nonimmigrant processing visa services in Mexico beginning March 18, 2020. • In 2019, 258,000 immigrant workers were approved under the H-2A guest worker program.
• Immigrant laborers with previous work experience in the U.S. and who do not require in-person interviews will be allowed to return in the H-2A program. • U.S. Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue is aware of the issue and has publicly pledged to work with the State Department to ensure needed farm laborers are safely admitted.
• The USDA asks that questions regarding the H-2A program be directed to farmers.gov/manage/h2a or “We will remain watchful and vigilant to ensure U.S. email aglabor@usda.gov agriculture and others in the food supply chain are able to continue feeding America, as we do 365 days a year. We CONTACTS: are in close communication with our state Farm Bureaus, Cole Staudt, Media Relations Specialist Congress and the administration as we all work together (202) 406-3643 | coles@fb.org to protect our food supply and our communities in the Mike Tomko, Director, Communications face of the coronavirus pandemic.” (202) 406-3642 | miket@fb.org The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
Agriculture Groups Call on Lawmakers to Support Farmers During Pandemic feed, fuel, and fiber continue to be produced, we urge you to ensure that they have the necessary support in these very trying times. Farmers, ranchers and the supply chain that support them will not let Americans down during this unprecedented crisis and they are asking the same of you. Millions of producers will need help with cash flow given the rapid and unanticipated decline in commodity prices, the likely closure of ethanol processing plants, the effective elimination of direct-to-consumer sales and decline in full-service restaurant and school meal demand. Congress must have farmers’ and ranchers’ backs by expanding and replenishing USDA’s borrowing authority under the March 23, 2020 Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC). The Honorable Mitch McConnell Farmers and ranchers are proud to be trusted to feed The Honorable Charles Schumer nearly 330 million Americans and we’ll continue working The Honorable Nancy Pelosi every day to do so, but Congress must ensure the CCC The Honorable Kevin McCarthy has ample authority and funding to help farmers and ranchers survive during this emergency. The inclusion of Dear Majority Leader McConnell, Speaker Pelosi, these provisions would ensure the Secretary of Agriculture Leader Schumer and Leader McCarthy, has the tools needed to meet this crisis head-on for all of America’s farmers and ranchers commend your work to agriculture. assist Americans affected by the coronavirus. As they We respectfully urge you to address these vital needs in work to ensure that the necessities of life such as food, the relief package you are developing now. Forty-eight agriculture groups are calling on Congress to expand USDA’s borrowing authority under the Commodity Credit Corporation. Congress must act to ensure the CCC has the authority and funding to assist farmers and ranchers facing serious cash flow challenges during the coronavirus pandemic. The letter was addressed to both Senate and House leaders. Groups representing food, fuel and fiber signed on to the letter, including the American Farm Bureau Federation. The letter reads as follows:
Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely, Agricultural Retailers Association AMCOT American Cotton Shippers Association American Dairy Coalition American Farm Bureau Federation American Pulse Association American Sheep Industry Association American Soybean Association American Sugar Alliance Association of Equipment Manufacturers Association of Specialty Cut Flower Growers Calcot Carolinas Cotton Growers Cooperative CalFlowers Certified American Grown Flowers Cotton Growers Warehouse Association Cotton Warehouse Association of America Crop Insurance Professionals Association Farm Credit Council Livestock Marketing Association National Association of State Departments of Agriculture
National Association of Wheat Growers National Barley Growers Association National Cattlemen’s Beef Association National Corn Growers Association National Cotton Council National Council of Farmer Cooperatives National Pork Producers Council National Potato Council National Sorghum Producers National Sunflower Association National Turkey Federation Panhandle Peanut Growers Association Plains Cotton Growers, Inc.
Produce Marketing Association Select Milk Producers Society of American Florists Southwest Council of Agribusiness Staplcotn U.S. Canola Association U.S. Dry Bean Council U.S. Peanut Federation United Egg Producers United States Cattlemen’s Association US Rice Producers Association USA Dry Pea & Lentil Council USA Rice Western Peanut Growers Association
Todd Miller
(210) 695-1648 www.headhonchosllc.com
LEGAL & Seasonal papered ranch workers, farm workers, and cowboys from old MEXICO. Work visa specialist with 18 yrs. of expert experience & focused knowledge. Large ranch operation references.
FREE Work Visa Counseling www.progressiverancher.com
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 19
Nevada Farm Bureau
Nevada Farm Bureau
Fixing What’s Wrong With Federal Government Wilderness Livestock Grazing Rules By Doug Busselman, Executive Vice President In February of 1990, a House Committee (the Committee on Interior and insular Affairs) adopted House report 101405 and attached it to HR 2570 a bill designating Wilderness for U.S. Forest Service Lands in Arizona. The bill was to be called the “Arizona Desert Wilderness Act of 1990.” Since that time the language in the House report has been referenced in Wilderness Bills of all types and for various areas around the country. Just trying to find what the language actually said has become a problem, since all that is mentioned is that whatever Wilderness designation bill is being considered just refers to “in accordance with Section 4(d) (4) of the Wilderness Act” continuing with references to the guidelines set forth in Appendix A of the report made by the House committee.
The basic concept is if livestock grazing was happening prior to the enactment of whatever designation Act went into effect – livestock grazing would be able to continue. This promise of being able to continue has been attempted to be the silencing leverage to keep livestock grazing allotment owners from objecting to over-reaching Wilderness designation. “ You got nothing to complain about,” the argument goes, “you can keep grazing just like you have been…”
Yea, well there might be a little less to that “promise” as you might have thought… In reviewing Appendix A – and “the Grazing Guidelines,” Nevada Farm Bureau has been suggesting that some adjustments be made in lands bills being contemplated for Nevada. Going through the proactive process of writing the new language should also cause federal land management agencies to change their handbooks and process for how they are going to “manage” livestock grazing in areas that are designated as Wilderness. Use Of Motorized Equipment For Supporting Facilities:
The current wording states, “Where practical alternatives do not exist, 20 APRIL 2020
maintenance or other activities may be accomplished through the occasional use of motorized equipment.”
authorization. Authorizations need to be consistent with the Decision Document, including specified design features or By the time this “guidance” reaches the mitigation measures and any specified Bureau of Land Management’s handbook, follow-up actions. Authorizations will include exact travel routes to be followed by it turns into this: any motorized equipment or mechanical d. Grazing facilities. transport, as well as rehabilitation i. Structures and installations used for requirements. livestock management existing at the Where practical alternatives to the use of time of designation may be maintained. motor vehicles exist—for example, using Maintenance may be done by the horses to distribute small quantities of occasional use of motorized equipment salt or repair short sections of fence—the where: BLM will only authorize non-motorized A. practical non-motorized alternatives do activities. not exist; and ii. Reconstruction or replacement of existing B. the motorized use is expressly authorized facilities will require the use of natural in the grazing permit and advanced materials if their use would not impose written permission for each maintenance unreasonable added cost for the grazing permittee. An exception is when use activity is granted by the BLM; and of other materials would require less C. the motorized use was allowed prior to frequent motorized or mechanized access wilderness designation. to perform maintenance. In most situations, authorization for iii. New facilities will be permitted by the motorized use would be considered on BLM only for the purpose of enhancing a case-by-case basis—for example, to the protection of wilderness character. remove sediment from a stock reservoir. In some cases, a schedule could be e. Use of motorized equipment. Except established—for example, hauling water as allowed under sub-section 9.d, above, to fill a tank. In all cases, authorization the use of motor vehicles, motorized should be for no more than is practically equipment, or mechanical transport to necessary to support the livestock grazing carry out a lawful grazing-associated program and for actions that would not activity is limited to emergencies only, such have a significant adverse impact on the as rescuing sick animals or placing feed natural environment. The use of an existing in emergency situations. In emergencies, route and mode of travel also must cause permittees do not need prior authorization the least impact on wilderness character for these uses, but must notify the BLM of and be similar to what was allowed prior their use reasonably soon thereafter.The use to wilderness designation. of motor vehicles, motorized equipment, These decisions are made during the or mechanical transport is not allowed grazing permitting process with the for herding animals or routine inspection use of a Minimum Requirements of the condition of developments or the Analysis (see Appendix B),completed in condition of the range.” conjunction with the associated NEPA analysis, through which alternatives are The Reality: analyzed to determine the method that In other words – if you think you have a least impacts wilderness character while reason to seek permission from the BLM remaining consistent with the rule of for using motorized equipment for the practical necessity and reasonableness in purpose of doing something that needs supporting the livestock grazing program. to be done…you can ask and that will be Actual authorization is granted, consistent decided by someone in the agency, possibly with the NEPA analysis, in a letter of at some point… The Progressive Rancher
Nevada Farm Bureau’s proposed language would change the language in the House report to state – “Where motorized equipment was used to establish livestock facilities or has been used to maintain these facilities since being established, the use of motorize equipment will be continued to be allowed as necessary for maintenance.” Other language in the report, which gives every justification for motorized equipment to not be used for maintaining supporting facilities, existing in an area prior to its classification as Wilderness is also proposed by Farm Bureau’s proposal to be deleted… This includes deleting – “Such occasional use of motorized equipment should be expressly authorized in the grazing permits for the area involved. The use of motorized equipment should be based on a rule of practical necessity and reasonableness. For example, motorized equipment need not be allowed for the placement of small quantities of salt or other activities where such activities can reasonably and practically be accomplished on horseback or foot. On the other hand, it may be appropriate to permit the occasional use of motorized equipment to haul large quantities of salt to distribution points. Moreover, under the rule of reasonableness, occasional use of motorized equipment should be permitted where practical alternatives are not available and such use would not have a significant adverse impact on the natural environment.” Elsewhere in the same paragraph, the existing language that is shown here as being crossed out and would be deleted, under Nevada Farm Bureau’s proposal. “Such motorized equipment uses will normally only be permitted in those portions of a wilderness area where they had occurred prior to the area's designation as wilderness. or are established by prior agreement.“ In the portion of the House Report No. 101-405, which deals with the materials to be used for replacement or reconstructed, Nevada Farm Bureau proposed to delete the weasel-out language that stipulates when “natural materials” are not required. www.progressiverancher.com
Nevada Farm Bureau
Nevada Farm Bureau Farm Bureau Voices Support For Effective NEPA Rules By Brittney Pericoli, Director of Communications
The proposed deletion would remove – “unless the material and labor costs of using natural materials are such that their use would not impose additional costs on grazing permittees.” In Short – Just Fix What Needs Updating:
Those who advocate Wilderness and promote willingness to work through compromise language don’t ever seem to have to compromise anything. Bills like the Washoe County Lands Bill (now slated to be called the “Truckee Meadows Public Lands Management Act”) even go beyond designating areas that have been locked up in de facto “Wilderness Study Areas” to be included in their desired land use of Wilderness. Areas that weren’t in Wilderness Study Areas are now being proposed to be added under the nomenclature of “Lands suitable for Wilderness.”
Also, the original idea of releasing unsuitable “Wilderness Study Areas” is being changed to lock away released lands into other designations, such as Natural Conservation Areas. The notion of not having designations of some type to classify restricted land uses apparently is no longer allowed and Heaven help anyone considering “multiple use” as a legitimate practice for land managers to practice… Long-term sustainability of the ability for ranchers to practice sound resource management by having the tools necessary to accomplish effective and cost-efficient livestock management requires the changes to the outdated, 1990 agreement worked out in a House committee room. Change the langue in that report and print it into actual legislation, as opposed to passing references that are buried in unread files. Then change the BLM and U.S. Forest Service Manuals to recognize that things are different and necessary use of motorized equipment for proper livestock management is automatically allowed. www.progressiverancher.com
Nevada Farm Bureau along with the American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF) submitted public comments in support of the proposal by the Council On Environmental Quality (CEQ) to update the regulations covering federal agencies in meeting the Nation Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The NEPA requires federal agencies to assess the environmental effects of their proposed actions prior to making decisions. The range of actions covered by NEPA is broad and includes: • making decisions on permit applications, • adopting federal land management actions, and • constructing highways and other publicly owned facilities.
simplifying and clarifying the regulatory requirements,’ AFBF said.
The proposal also better aligns the regulations with current technologies and agency practice and improves the format and readability of the regulations while reducing unnecessary paperwork. Farm Bureau referenced its support for specific aspects of the proposal, including language specifying that farm ownership and operating loan guarantees provided by USDA’s Farm Service Agency and the business loan guarantee programs of the Small Business Administration are not major federal actions.
The interagency coordination the CEQ is seeking would also be helpful, according to Farm Bureau, as would the council’s effort to bring additional predictability to the judicial review process without infringing on citizens’ rights to bring claims alleging violations of the statute.”
The Nevada Farm Bureau also submitted comments in support of the proposed rules, drawing attention to provisions that would streamline the system and cut down on the time involved in the process. Nevada Farm Bureau’s comments also drew attention to the cooperation that federal agencies should practice with state and local governments.
“Cooperating Agencies § 1501.8 - Nevada Farm Bureau is a strong advocate of county and state governments being included in the process as cooperating agencies in the NEPA process. As part of this engagement, Using the NEPA process, agencies these government entities can play a vital evaluate the environmental and related social and economic effects of their CEQ’s effort to clarify the threshold role. Much of our experience in working proposed actions. Agencies also provide question of whether NEPA applies to a with the NEPA process is based on opportunities for public review and proposed federal action is also helpful, interactions with federal land management comment on those evaluations. The according to Farm Bureau. “Every decision agencies (Bureau of Land Management proposed changes include promoting that comes before the federal government and the U.S. Forest Service). better environmental decisions in a more is not a NEPA decision, nor should all Through this involvement, county and cost-effective and time-efficient manner federal decisions require NEPA analysis,” state governments need to be recognized as well as reducing paperwork. the group said. However, when an analysis as partners through the process. We also In a news article released by AFBF is warranted, it should zero in on the maintain that coordination is essential – where there is a correlation of county and they had the following to say about the relevant environmental aspects. state adopted plans with connections to proposal for more effective rules: To further minimize significant delays to the action associated to the federal NEPA “The White House Council on meaningful and timely actions on federal decision being considered – that the federal Environmental Quality’s proposal to land management projects, Farm Bureau decision process takes into account the update how it implements the National supports the CEQ’s plan to identify and local or state plans which are in place.” Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) will implement categories of federal actions advance the statute’s goal of promoting that normally do not have significant effects If the proposed rules are adopted, significant changes would include such provisions better environmental decisions in a cost- and exclude them from detailed review. effective and time-efficient manner, Limiting the preparation time and length as limiting Environmental Assessments according to the American Farm Bureau of NEPA environmental analyses and (EA) analysis to 75 pages and would be required to be carried out under one Federation. environmental impact statements will also year. Environmental Impact Statements The proposed changes will also reduce help prevent delays. (EIS) would be capped at 150 pages and paperwork and delays, a relief to ranchers ‘Agencies can meet these limits by completed under two years. and foresters, who have had to wait up focusing on issues and information that to a decade or more for NEPA-related are most relevant to the decision before the Very noteworthy, legal challenges within the NEPA process would be only based on authorizations. agency. By implementing this streamlined Records of Decisions, as opposed to various ‘ We support the proposed rule because approach, agencies can develop NEPA points throughout the unfolding activity it will modernize and clarify NEPA analyses that are easier to understand and steps that have frequently caused extra regulations to facilitate more efficient, more concise, but remain probative of delays in the completion process. effective and timely NEPA reviews by significant issues,’ Farm Bureau noted. If something is considered a major federal action, it could trigger a NEPA analysis. That a simple loan or guarantee would require a NEPA analysis is contrary to the purpose and intent of NEPA and imposes a significant burden to borrowers.
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 21
Churchill County Cowbelles Update NOMINATE A TEACHER As the season changes from winter to spring the focus of Cowbelles, their families, and communities gear up for their favorite spring activities. In Churchill County the 81st Annual Churchill County Jr. Livestock Show is one of those events.
by Susan Van Patten, President
individuals information about their animals before being processed and afterwards as well. I am really interested is seeing the response by everyone to the contest this year.
This is the time of year when students and teachers are anxiously awaiting the last day of school because everyone I remember preparing for the county fair in Wyoming is ready to get out and get some sun and enjoy the seasonal when I was a contestant. Due to climate differences our activities. For many teachers it is a time of reflection livestock show was in August not April. After living in and future planning. As a former teacher I remember Nevada for over fifteen years I still find this a real mind spending numerous hours researching and developing bender. It was a time of excitement, competition, learning, lessons and materials to focus student learning. and socializing. I work with numerous contestants that anxiously await the Jr. Livestock Show for many of the Cowbelles and Farm Bureau are exploring the Ag in the Classroom curriculum developed through the US same reasons. Department of Agriculture. The National Ag in the Beginning April 23, local 4-H and FFA members will Classroom Organization in conjunction with the USDA report to the Churchill County Fairgrounds in Fallon focuses on educating students on how agriculture affects to enter their animals. For three days, contestants will daily life. Information is accessible on the national care for their animals, compete in market, breeding, website, https://www.agclassroom.org/. There is also and showmanship contests, and on Saturday, April 25 information available specific to Nevada on this website beginning at one in the afternoon everyone is invited to http://agri.nv.gov/aglit/. I encourage all educators to check out both sites. participate in the sale. Market animals that qualify compete in the carcass contest; this contest has been under evaluation by stakeholders and Cowbelles. As a result of the review Cowbelles has partnered with community members to facilitate the execution of this contest. As a part of this review of the contest and industry procedures we are proposing an extension of the contest to include an ultrasound contest for market animals. This will provide
crossover into literature and mathematics. I skimmed one for K-2 designation that had six activities that are focused on Christmas trees. What a great unit just before the holidays that would hold student interest, engage them, as well as adhering to curriculum standards. I related all of this for one reason. TEACHERS and FRIENDS OF TEACHERS, Cowbelles honors one teacher from Churchill County every year as Churchill County Cowbelles’ Teacher of the Year with a $200.00 stipend and will be recognized at our annual Christmas Dinner. Individuals selected as our Teacher of the Year will be our nominee for the Nevada Cattleman’s Teacher of the Year Award. The winner at this level will receive a $1000.00 stipend and receive recognition at Nevada Cattleman’s Association annual awards banquet.
The nomination form is short and easy to understand. Personally, I would encourage all teachers to check out I quickly previewed a few of the lessons and noticed they the websites for Ag in the Classroom, evaluate personal were classroom ready with student learning objectives, eligibility, and plan accordingly. Those individuals that student activities, and key vocabulary. Upon completing believe they are not eligible, yet find themselves excited by my survey of the national website and the Nevada the possibilities, please try some of the activities or better website I realized there are activities that teach or enrich yet contact Amber Smyer, the Agricultural Literacy curriculum standards ranging from kindergarten through Coordinator at the Nevada Department of Agriculture. twelfth grade and cover topics in science, social studies, Her contact information is 775-353-3769 or asmyer@ health and nutrition. There are even activities that agri.nv.gov.
Our Favorite Beef Recipes Pounded Flank Steak with Zucchini Salsa This 5-ingredient recipe uses a little meat-mallet action to easily transform a humble, tougher cut of beef ( flank steak) into a quick-grilling, inexpensive, nutritious and incredibly delicious dinner for four. Ingredients 1½ pounds zucchini, cut into ¼-inch pieces (about 5 cups) ½ cup red wine vinegar
1 tablespoon coarsely chopped oregano, plus leaves for serving
¼ cup olive oil, plus more for steak Kosher salt, freshly ground pepper 1 1½-pound piece flank steak
Preparation Toss zucchini, vinegar, chopped oregano, and ¼ cup oil in a medium bowl to combine; season zucchini salsa with salt and pepper. Set aside. Prepare a grill for high heat. Meanwhile, flatten your steak. Cover a cutting board with a long piece of plastic wrap and set steak on top; fold plastic over steak to cover. Using the smooth side of a meat mallet, pound steak to about ½” thick. (Don’t hold back; you want it good and roughed up.) Pat steak dry with paper towels; season generously with salt and rub a bit of oil all over. Grill until browned, about 2 minutes per side for medium-rare. (You might not get that much color on this steak because it’s so thin, but you don’t want it to be overcooked.) Transfer steak to a cutting board and let rest 5–10 minutes. Cut in half lengthwise with the grain, then slice thinly against the grain. Arrange steak on a platter and spoon half of reserved salsa along with some juices over steak. Top with oregano leaves. Serve remaining salsa alongside. Do Ahead: Zucchini salsa can be made 1 day ahead. Cover and chill. 22 APRIL 2020
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDE
Ground Squirrel Bait
For the control of Richardson’s & Columbian Ground Squirrels in: • Rangeland & fallow agricultural land • Vineyards, orchards & groves • Border areas & buffer strips adjacent to crops • Nurseries, tree & forestry plantations • Fence rows, highways, rail & utility rights-of-way, ditches, canal banks & levees • Ornamental gardens, campgrounds and other recreational areas
Multiple use sites & application methods: • Labeled for spot and broadcast1 baiting • Labeled for up to 3 applications per year2 • Labeled for use in bait stations
Effective Control Moisture Resistant Palatable
Damage to alfalfa
24c labeled for Wyoming GS in ID, NV & WY
LEARN MORE www.liphatech.com 1
Must not be applied directly to food or feed crops. Do not broadcast bait on rangeland. On rangeland and for Columbian GS, make application only by spot baiting.
2
Do not exceed 10 lbs. of bait per acre, per application, or 20 lbs. per acre, per year.
Registered for sale in the states of ID, NV, UT, WA & WY.
Controls Ground Squirrels www.progressiverancher.com
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 23
RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDE
DUE TO POTENTIAL SECONDARY TOXICITY TO NONTARGET ORGANISMS For retail sale to and use only by Certified Applicators or persons under their direct supervision and only for those uses covered by the Certified Applicator’s certification.
Section 24(c) Special Local Need Label FOR DISTRIBUTION AND USE ONLY WITHIN THE STATE OF NEVADA
GROUND SQUIRREL BAIT FOR CONTROL OF RICHARDSON’S GROUND SQUIRRELS (Urocitellus richardsonii) AND WYOMING GROUND SQUIRRELS (U. elegans) IN VINEYARDS, ORCHARDS AND GROVES, TREE AND FORESTRY PLANTATIONS, NURSERIES, RANGELAND, FALLOW AGRICULTURAL LAND, AND NONCROP AREAS INCLUDING BORDER AREAS, BUFFER STRIPS AND CENTER PIVOT CORNERS ADJACENT TO CROPS
EPA SLN No. NV-190001
EPA Reg. No. 7173-305
This label expires and must not be distributed or used in accordance with this SLN registration after December 31, 2024. • It is a violation of federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. • This labeling must be in the possession of the user at the time of application. • Follow all applicable directions, restrictions and precautions on the EPA registered label.
N E
DIRECTIONS FOR USE: This product may be used only for control of Richardson’s ground squirrels (Urocitellus richardsonii) and Wyoming ground squirrels (U. elegans) in vineyards, orchards and groves, tree and forestry plantations, nurseries, rangeland, fallow agricultural land, and noncrop areas including border areas, buffer strips and center pivot corners adjacent to crops. This product must not be applied directly to food or feed crops except as specified on this label.
M I C
APPLICATION DIRECTIONS: Ground squirrels prefer to eat fresh green grass and other plants. When these are not available (early spring or when green vegetation dries up in the hot summer), the squirrel’s diet converts to grain-based foods and they will readily consume this grain-based bait. Apply bait by broadcast or spot baiting only when fresh green ground cover is not present. Monitor the area to ensure that nontarget species are not consuming the bait or squirrels.
Bait station baiting: Apply bait in secured tamper-resistant bait stations. Fill bait stations with 1 to 4 pounds of bait, and secure the stations near active burrows, runways, and other locations where signs of ground squirrel activity are observed. Space stations 20 to 100 feet apart, depending on the density of the squirrel population. Check stations at least weekly to ensure an uninterrupted supply of fresh bait for at least 30 days or until all signs of squirrel feeding have stopped. When feeding by squirrels ceases, and there is no longer a threat of continued reinvasion, remove bait from bait stations and dispose of properly. Bait stations may be kept in place permanently, but should be loaded with toxic bait only when ground squirrels are readily accepting grain-based foods. Do not exceed 4 pounds of bait per station.
E P
S
Spot baiting: Scatter ¼ cup of bait (approximately 2 ounces) over 40 to 50 square feet (a circle approximately 7 to 8 feet diameter) near burrows and active runways. Do not pile the bait. Make a second application 3 to 4 days after the first, following the same procedure as the first application. If squirrel activity persists, a third application may be made 3 to 4 days later. An uninterrupted supply of bait should be available for 6 to 8 days. Do not exceed 10 pounds of bait per acre per application. Do not exceed 20 pounds of bait per acre per year. Broadcast baiting: Using a commercial spreader, apply up to 10 lbs of bait per swath acre, in the area of squirrel activity. Make a second application 4 days after the first. If necessary, make a third application four days after the second application, in order to maintain an uninterrupted supply of bait for 6 to 8 days, but do not exceed 10 pounds of bait per acre per application. Do not exceed 20 pounds of bait per acre per year. Surveillance and Follow-Up: Collect and dispose of dead ground squirrels and search for non-target animals 4 days after the first application and at subsequent intervals of 1 to 2 days for at least 2 weeks after the last bait application, or longer if carcasses are still being found. Wearing gloves, collect and properly dispose of visible carcasses of ground squirrels and other species found in or near treated areas. Dead animals buried on site must be buried a minimum of 18 inches below the ground surface, preferably deeper. Wear gloves and use leakproof plastic bags or other suitable containers for transporting carcasses not buried on site. RESTRICTIONS/PRECAUTIONS: • Do not apply this product by any method not specified on this label. • Do not apply this product directly to water or within 10 feet of surface water (i.e. streams, rivers, lakes). • Keep away from humans, domestic animals and pets during application, handling and storage. • This product is extremely toxic to mammals and birds. This SLN label should not be used where impact on listed threatened or endangered species is likely. Consult the Federal label for additional restrictions and precautions to protect fish and wildlife
24(c) registrant: Liphatech, Inc. 3600 W. Elm Street Milwaukee, WI 53209 (800) 351-1476
24 APRIL 2020
04/16/2019
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
FIRST AID: Have this label with you when obtaining treatment advice. If swallowed: • Call a poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice. • Have person sip a glass of water if able to swallow. • Do not induce vomiting unless told to do so by the poison control center or doctor. • Do not give anything by mouth to an unconcious person. If in eyes:
• Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15-20 minutes. • Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye. • Call a poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice.
If on skin or clothing:
• Take off contaminated clothing. • Rinse skin with plenty of water for 15-20 minutes. • Call a poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice.
If inhaled:
• Move person to fresh air. • If person is not breathing, call an ambulance, then give artificial respiration, preferably mouth-to-mouth, if possible. • Call a poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDE
DUE TO HAZARD TO NONTARGET ORGANISMS For retail sale to and use by Certified Applicators or persons under their direct supervision and only for those uses covered by the Certified Applicator’s Certificate.
TREATMENT FOR PET POISONING: If animal eats bait, call veterinarian at once.
N E
NOTE TO PHYSICIAN OR VETERINARIAN: Contains the anticoagulant chlorophacinone. If swallowed, this material may reduce the clotting ability of blood and cause bleeding. For humans or animals ingesting bait and/or showing obvious poisoning symptoms (bleeding or prolonged prothrombin times), give Vitamin K1 intramuscularly or orally.
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
Hazard to Humans and Domestic Animals
CAUTION: Harmful if swallowed or absorbed through the skin because the material may reduce
the clotting ability of blood and cause bleeding. Avoid contact with eyes, skin or clothing. Avoid breathing dust. Keep away from children, domestic animals and pets. All handlers (including applicators) must wear long pants, shoes, socks, and waterproof gloves. Any person who retrieves carcasses or unused bait following application of this product must wear waterproof gloves.
M I C
GROUND SQUIRREL BAIT FOR CONTROL OF CALIFORNIA GROUND SQUIRRELS (Spermophilus beecheyi), RICHARDSON’S GROUND SQUIRRELS* (Urocitellus richardsonii), AND COLUMBIAN GROUND SQUIRRELS* (U. columbianus) IN VINEYARDS, ORCHARDS & GROVES, TREE & FORESTRY PLANTATIONS, NURSERIES, RANGELAND, AND FALLOW AGRICULTURAL LAND
E P
USER SAFETY REQUIREMENTS: Follow manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for washables, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry. Remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash hands thoroughly after applying bait and before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco or using the toilet, and change into clean clothing.
S
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS: This product is extremely toxic to mammals, birds, fish, and freshwater invertebrates. Dogs, cats and other predatory and scavenging mammals and birds might be poisoned if they feed upon animals that have eaten this bait. Do not apply directly to water, or to areas where surface water is present, or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment wash water or rinsate. Runoff may be hazardous to aquatic organisms in water adjacent to treated areas.
*Use for these species not permitted in California
Active Ingredient: chlorophacinone . . . . . . 0.005% Inert Ingredients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.995% Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.000%
ENDANGERED SPECIES PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS: It is against Federal law to use any pesticide in a manner that results in the death of an endangered species. Use of this product may pose a hazard to endangered or threatened species. When using this product, you must follow the measures contained in the Endangered Species Protection Bulletin for the area in which you are applying the product. To obtain Bulletins, no more than six months before using the product, consult http://www.epa.gov/espp/ or call 844-447-3813. You must use the Bulletin valid for the month in which you will apply the product.
WARRANTY: To the extent consistent with applicable law, seller makes no warranty, expressed or implied, concerning the use of this product other than indicated on the label. Buyer assumes all risk of use and/or handling of this material when such use and/or handling is contrary to label instructions.
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
CAUTION: See side panel for additional precautionary statements.
STORAGE AND DISPOSAL
Do not contaminate water, food or feed by storage or disposal. Storage: Store in original container in a cool, dry place inaccessible to children and pets. Pesticide Disposal: Wastes resulting from the use of this product may be disposed of in trash or at an approved waste disposal facility. Container Handling: Nonrefillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container. Completely empty container, then dispose of empty container in trash or at an approved waste disposal facility.
www.progressiverancher.com
It is a violation of Federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. READ THIS LABEL and follow all use directions and use precautions. Only use this product for the pests, sites, and application methods specified on this label. USE RESTRICTIONS: This bait may be used only for control of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi), Richardson’s ground squirrels* (Urocitellus richardsonii), and Columbian ground squirrels* (U. columbianus) in vineyards, orchards & groves, tree & forestry plantations, nurseries, rangeland, fallow agricultural land, fence rows, highway medians & rights-of-way, rail & utility rights-of-way, ditches, canal banks & levees, ornamental gardens, campgrounds and other recreational areas. Applications within orchards, groves and vineyards may be made only after harvest and during the dormant period, and may not be made after tree and vine growth resumes in spring. If applied to fallow agricultural land, do not harvest agricultural crops from treated areas for 360 days after treatment. This product must not be applied directly to food or feed crops, but may be applied along fence lines, border areas and buffer strips adjacent to crops. On rangeland, make application only by spot baiting or bait station. Do not broadcast bait on rangeland. Do not apply this product in or within 50 feet of homes or other human residences. Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application. Keep all other persons out of the treatment area during application. Do not apply within 50 feet of any body of surface water. Do not allow animals to graze in treated areas for at least 30 days following application. Do not apply on roads, in water or to walkways. When applying bait along canals or other waterways, use equipment that directs bait away from water. Do not apply bait by aircraft. *Not permitted for use against the following species in California: Richardson’s ground squirrel and Columbian ground squirrel. APPLICATION DIRECTIONS: Ground squirrels prefer to eat fresh green grass and other plants. When these are not available (early spring or when green vegetation dries up in the hot summer), the squirrels’ diet converts to grain-based foods and they will readily consume this grain-based bait. Before applying, test for the squirrel’s acceptance of grain-based foods. Scatter some raw oats or wheat on a portion of the infested land, and mark the test area with a flag or other identification. Observe the area to confirm only ground squirrels are consuming the raw oats or wheat. Do not apply the bait if it appears that nontarget species are consuming the test grain. Apply bait by broadcast or spot baiting only when fresh green ground cover is not present. Monitor the area to ensure that nontarget species are not consuming the bait or squirrels. Bait station baiting (For California, Richardson’s, and Columbian ground squirrels): Apply bait in secured tamper-resistant bait stations. Fill bait stations with 1 to 4 pounds of bait, and secure the stations near active burrows, runways, and other locations where signs of ground squirrel activity are observed. Space stations 20 to 100 feet apart, depending on the density of the squirrel population. Check stations at least weekly to ensure an uninterrupted supply of fresh bait for at least 30 days or until all signs of squirrel feeding have stopped. When feeding by squirrels ceases, and there is no longer a threat of continued reinvasion, remove bait from bait stations and dispose of properly. Bait stations may be kept in place permanently, but should be loaded with toxic bait only when ground squirrels are readily accepting grain-based foods. Do not exceed 4 pounds of bait per station. Spot baiting (For California and Richardson’s ground squirrels only): Scatter ¼ cup of bait (approximately 2 ounces) over 40 to 50 square feet (a circle approximately 7 to 8 feet diameter) near burrows and active runways. Do not pile the bait. Make a second application 3 to 4 days after the first, following the same procedure as the first application. If squirrel activity persists, a third application may be made 3 to 4 days later. An uninterrupted supply of bait should be available for 6 to 8 days. Do not exceed 10 pounds of bait per acre per application. Do not exceed 20 pounds of bait per acre per year. Broadcast baiting (For California and Richardson’s ground squirrels only): Using a commercial spreader, apply up to 10 lbs of bait per swath acre, in the area of squirrel activity. Make a second application 4 days after the first. If necessary, make a third application four days after the second application, in order to maintain an uninterrupted supply of bait for 6 to 8 days, but do not exceed 10 pounds of bait per acre per application. Do not exceed 20 pounds of bait per acre per year. Clean-up: Clean up any spilled bait or bait in piles for reuse or disposal according to label “Pesticide Disposal” instructions. Use detergent and hot water to wash spoons, cups and other application equipment. Do not use the same equipment for mixing, holding or transferring food or feed. Surveillance and Follow-Up: Dead ground squirrels should begin to appear in or near treated areas within 4 to 5 days after the first bait application. Visit the application site to monitor the effects of treatment and to collect and dispose of dead ground squirrels and search for non-target animals 4 days after the first application and at subsequent intervals of 1 to 2 days for at least 2 weeks after the last bait application, or longer if carcasses are still being found. Collect and dispose of carcasses in the late afternoon, near sundown, to reduce the potential for nocturnal, scavengers or predators to find carcasses on the ground surface. Wearing gloves, collect and properly dispose of visible carcasses of ground squirrels and other species found in or near treated areas. Dead animals buried on site must be buried a minimum of 18 inches below the ground surface, preferably deeper. Wear gloves and use leakproof plastic bags or other suitable containers for transporting carcasses not buried on site. (052419)
EPA Reg. No. 7173-305
EPA Est. No. 7173-WI-1
Liphatech, Inc. 3600 W. Elm Street Milwaukee, WI 53209 (800) 351-1476
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 25
The How Not The Cow by Emily Fulstone While having my morning coffee, I turn on the news; there is an advertisement for the Impossible Burger. A plant based pretend meat burger claiming to be “good for you and good for the planet!”. As I watch the advertisement, I think to myself, “Is it really better for the planet? How many people are actually convinced that this is the solution to Global Climate Change?” Having been raised on a cattle ranch in Northern Nevada, I grew up eating beef with the belief that it was the most natural source of protein and ate it regularly without a second thought.
I am seventh-generation cattle rancher in Smith Valley, Nevada. Raised on the ranch I grew up working cattle and baling hay from a young age. I went to University of Oregon where I graduated with a degree in Environmental Science. Returning to the ranch in 2015 I helped implement regenerative agricultural practices into our farming program. I am now the Livestock Operations Manager and Crop Nutritionist.
In the fall of 2009, I headed off to the University of Oregon to pursue a degree in Environmental Science; what I was not expecting was to have my entire view of agriculture challenged for four straight years. In almost every class I took I heard how cattle were the largest detriment to our environment and the primary cause of climate change. Over and over I was force fed the message that going vegan would “save the world.” Fast forward to today and every American who turns on the television will hear that same message—not just a bunch of students in an environmental studies class. My family has raised cattle for the last 165 years and many will say that we are to blame for climate change and the hottest winter in recorded history. As someone who is incredibly passionate about the environment, I asked myself throughout my education and still ask myself today. “Is modern agriculture destroying our environment? Maybe we have it all wrong?” Upon my return to the ranch some years later, I found myself questioning everything I saw and did. What I quickly realized is that through time we had lost our way. We had forgotten (or simply ignored) how nature really works. As I look at our ranch and neighboring farms today, I see application after application of chemical fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. It seems we have lost sight of the fundamentals of how plants transport nutrients. Here’s a simplified look at how it works. In nature, animals graze on plants, leaving behind carbon in the form of manure. This manure is then broken down by bacteria in the soil and transported to the plant. To encourage the bacteria to perform this service, plants convert 30% of all the sugars they make through photosynthesis into exudates (carbon in the form of sugar) and feed this to the bacteria. The plants receive the nutrients they need, and the bacteria receive the food they need—a symbiotic relationship. When we put fertilizer on our soil, the plant no longer needs to depend upon bacteria and therefore stops feeding them. This causes the bacteria to slowly die off, which in turn creates greater dependency on chemical fertilizers. The plants will have the nutrients they need while the fertilizer is available, but once the fertilizer is gone there will be no available nutrients. It is a case of extreme feast followed by long periods of famine for the plant.
Our ranch was one of many that fell victim to the vicious chemical fertilizer cycle. With each application our fields slowly stopped sequestering carbon, and we had to increase our fertilizer use. I had seen enough and decided that something needed to change. I was fortunate enough to have a father that was willing make changes if it could be more profitable, and better for the environment. With his help we returned to a program in which we apply manure instead of chemical fertilizer. The way in which nature intended it to be. We also utilize worm castings to replenish the bacteria in our soil. We are on our fourth year of this program and have seen a dramatic increase in the quality of the hay we produce. Our Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) increased by 4%, and Relative Feed Value (RFV) increase by 66 points—a significant jump in hay quality. Not only have we increased the quality of our hay, we have reduced our fertilizer expenses, and we raise a quality steak at the same time. We had the answer to healthy crops all along. We just forgot how to use the cow in a way that was not only better for profits, but also better for the environment. As we see more and more advertisements for the Impossible Burger, social media rants, and Golden Globe speeches, I urge everyone to have a conversation. It is more than just the COW. We need to be discussing HOW these products are raised and manufactured. With the right focus, we can fight climate change and provide ourselves with a healthier, more sustainable environment for generations to come.
By using chemical fertilizers, we see an initial bump in production. As our soil biology dies, we are forced to add more and more fertilizer to see the same results. Not only are we spending excessive amounts of money on fertilizer, but the soil is also no longer sequestering carbon. When manure is spread on a field, carbon is put back into the soil. When plants are feeding bacteria to break down this manure, liquid carbon in the form of exudates is being pushed into the soil. Cattle are blamed for 5% of all CO2 emissions (Nargi, 2018). It is not the cow, it is the how; when the cow is removed from the pasture, more specifically when the manure is removed from the field, we drastically reduce the input of carbon into the soil. Cattle ARE responsible for carbon emissions when we remove them from the field and prevent natural carbon sequestering. With healthy soil biology and application of manure, as much as 713 pounds per acre of organic carbon is restored into the soil (R Lal, 2002). Now let’s circle back to the idea that the Impossible Burger is “good for you and good for the planet!” If cattle have been completely removed from the processes of making this faux meat burger, how can it be good for the planet? Raising all the plant products listed in the Impossible Burger without a single cow to spread manure on the soil is actually a detriment to our environment. All of those crops would need to be grown with chemical fertilizers, resulting in a crop system that has little to no carbon sequestering ability. 26 APRIL 2020
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
Back to Basics by Ron Torell
Retired UNR Extension Livestock Specialist
Mineral: A necessary input cost photo by shauna rose hermel
The primary production question crossing my desk this fall deals with areas where input costs can be cut without economically sacrificing production. Many cattlepersons are considering cutting out the complete mineral package from their beef cow management program. Complete mineral packages that were priced at $600 per ton just one year ago are now fetching twice that. What once cost $20 per pair to annually supplement is now costing $40. “Grandpa got by feeding just plain white salt, so why shouldn’t we go back to that? We have to cut somewhere.”
Herd health and vaccination programs are always at the top of the management list and generally receive most of the attention. But mineral nutrition has an important role in herd health as well. Heifers and cows need special attention through the fall and winter to ensure a healthy calf crop and better breed back next spring. Calves need minerals so their immune system will mount a response to expensive vaccines. Additionally, calves need minerals to help overcome the stresses of weaning and shipping. Montana Extension Beef Specialist John Paterson offers the following advice relative to mineral supplementation.
“A nutrition program is important from conception through the feedyard so the animal’s genetics can be fully expressed,” Paterson adds. “For trace minerals, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P) are the big three. During drought vitamins A, D and E may also need to be supplemented.” Because some of these minerals can have secondary interactions that limit nutrient uptake or interact with soil micronutrients that cause toxicity, Paterson advises working with a nutritionist to develop a balanced nutrition program that optimizes production.
“Trace minerals by themselves won’t cure all morbidity problems. Producers still need to consider vaccination programs, genetics and environmental factors as well,” he says. “Additionally, parasites can … suppress appetite and the immune system, so be certain parasite control is part of the health program at the ranch.” Cow needs For cows and heifers, minerals play a key role in enhancing fertility. Although beef cows only require 3 to 4 ounces (oz.) of trace minerals in their daily diet, that little bit of supplement helps ensure proper
nutrition so that cows will rebreed and produce a healthy calf every 365 days. “The availability of free-choice minerals is especially critical in the three months leading up to calving and then immediately after calving, when the cow has increased energy and protein requirements,” Paterson states. For instance, a spring-calving cow’s phosphorus and calcium (Ca) requirements are high during the winter due to fetal development. Zinc and copper have also been shown to be an important part of the cow’s diet just prior to and after calving. Thus, trace minerals are especially important during the last 90 days before calving and then through the breeding season. Providing trace minerals prior to weaning can also help produce a better immune response and weaning weights among calves.” Paterson suggests that to provide minerals cost-effectively and to the best benefit of the cow-calf pair, mineral supplements need to be utilized in a well-balanced program that matches the forage base, which varies in nutritional content during the growing season. Thus, an occasional forage analysis should be conducted on your ranch for the major minerals — calcium, phosphorus and magnesium (Mg) — and the trace minerals, copper, zinc, sulfur (S) and manganese (Mn). Getting a water quality analysis is also a good idea. Phosphorus, the primary reason mineral supplementation has recently increased in cost, will likely be the primary mineral needed because its content in forages
varies greatly during the year. For example, a higher-phosphorus mineral is needed in the winter because phosphorus is generally lower in dried winter forages. Paterson also suggests including a vitamin supplement because forages are often deficient in vitamins A and E. There is much research available supporting Paterson’s view on mineral supplementation. Additionally, in my travels as Nevada livestock specialist, I have seen a huge difference in production and economic survivability when comparing those operations that have a sound mineral program and those that do not. It is for these reasons that I advocate, as the title of this article states, mineral supplementation is a necessary input. Different times, different measures An interesting question was posed in the opening paragraph of this article, “Grandpa got by feeding just plain white salt, so why shouldn’t we go back to that? We have to cut somewhere.”
In answer to that question I offer the following. We live and manage our cattle in a different time than when our grandfathers ranched. We have a different cow genetically than what our grandfathers raised. Through research we have a better understanding of the ruminant animal and how nutrition, reproduction, genetics and minerals interact. During our grandfathers’ time, a 70% to 80% calf crop and weaning weights of 350 pounds (lb.) were normal. Can you live with those production levels in today’s economic environment? Article reprinted w/permission from “Prime Cuts” 8.08
Minerals for calves Proper calfhood vaccinations and mineral nutrition at the ranch go hand in hand. Paterson often cites a Colorado study that showed among calves that were preconditioned, about one-third were still getting sick at the feedlot. Paterson attributes that to poor mineral supplementation. “The reason we often see sickness in feedlots is probably due to lack of mineral management starting in the cow herd,” he says. “Trace minerals can have a significant carryover effect on feedlot performance and health of calves.”
Thus, he says, mineral supplementation is an important focus at the cow-calf level to enhance fertility, fetal development and the calf ’s future resistance to disease. www.progressiverancher.com
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 27
BIOSECURITY CHAPTER 5 from the Youth BEEF QUALITY ASSURANCE Program Manual for the Pacific Northwest A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication • University of Idaho • Oregon State University • Washington State University Full Program Manual can be found here: https://extension.usu.edu/cache/files/Youth_Beef_Quality_Assurance.pdf Youth beef projects are fun and exciting. Youth can learn many different life skills including recognizing diseases. Young people enrolled in beef projects are beef producers. Youth will raise animals that will become food products as well as other valuable products for consumers. Being able to understand biosecurity and diseases allows youth to raise healthy animals that will provide a safe product to consumers.
Biosecurity
Biosecurity refers to policies and measures taken for protecting a nation’s food supply and agricultural resources from both accidental contamination and deliberate attacks of bioterrorism. Bioterrorism might include such deliberate acts as introducing pests intended to kill United States food crops; spreading a virulent disease among animal production facilities; and poisoning water, food, and blood supplies. For this manual, biosecurity can be defined as an integrated plan to stop the spread of diseases that may be found within a herd or to prevent the introduction of diseases that are common in the area around a herd. A good biosecurity plan can also prevent the spread of foreign or exotic diseases.
Early detection by recognizing the signs and symptoms of a disease can help stop disease from spreading. Prevention is the best way to treat disease because diseases can have major economic consequences on the ability to make money with beef. Biosecurity plays an important part in preventing disease outbreaks and reducing the spread of disease found within a herd or preventing the spread of foreign/ exotic diseases. Youth should visit with a local veterinarian about diseases that are common in your area.
Disease spread
Diseases can have a variety of signs and symptoms associated with them and can be spread in a variety of ways. Direct contact with animals that have the disease or direct contact with carriers that have the disease but do not show signs of illness are common ways of transmission.
Vectors can transport a disease agent between hosts and are critical for the disease agent’s lifecycle. Typically, vectors are insects such as ticks or mosquitoes, but vectors also can be other animals such as birds. Fomites—inanimate objects such as boots, clothing, brushes, combs, and vehicles—can indirectly transport disease Disease agents. Contamination of soil, feed, and Diseases can have a major effect on water as well as air-borne infection can the health of livestock and the cost of also rapidly spread disease. production for owners. Taking care of livestock is very important, whether that is ensuring proper nutrition and health care or maintaining facilities. Knowing what diseases can possibly affect your project can help you prevent harm to your animal(s). Critical control points (CCP) are places where disease control or prevention can be applied. Examples include receiving areas for new livestock, fence lines feed bunks, or water tanks. Photo by Cindy A. Kinder
28 APRIL 2020
Foreign disease
Examples of foreign diseases that have entered or could enter the U.S. include Bovine Spongiform Encephalophathy (BSE), West Nile Virus, and Foot-andMouth (FMD) disease. It is important
to be very careful around certain zoonotic diseases because they can spread to humans. It is a serious challenge for you and producers to keep foreign diseases out because our domestic livestock have no immunity to them, and an outbreak could cause great losses.
Disease control
Targeting specific diseases can help reduce costs and allow healthy high-quality livestock to be raised. Table 2 gives many examples of monitoring locations, cause of disease spread, and corrective actions.
Biosecurity plan
In order to keep animals healthy and prevent a disease outbreak and the spread of disease, all producers should develop a biosecurity plan. This plan is made up of the following:
Fomites—objects such as combs, boots, clothing, brushes—can transport disease agents, so youth are wise to clean such objects before using them on animals. Photo by Cindy A. Kinder
1. Conduct a disease potential analysis
of action. These actions also need to be understood by all workers within the operation.
Develop a list of possible diseases that your animal(s) may come in contact with at each location at your facility. 4. Record keeping For example, possible diseases may include ringworm, lice, pneumonia, and Keep records of what was done to facilities and animals. Examples of blackleg. records may include vaccinations given, medications given, visitors, and date of 2. Determine monitoring locations or facility cleaning. critical control points Critical control points (CCP) are places where control or prevention can be applied and are essential to prevent, eliminate, or reduce a disease. The identification of CCP is important in controlling the spread of a disease. An example of a CCP may include a receiving area for new livestock, fence line, feed bunk, or water tank. 3. Prevent disease spread The goal of a biosecurity plan is to keep the disease agent from entering the herd. Protection may be done in a variety of ways depending on the CCP. For example, increasing immunity of the herd, isolating new animals, quarantining sick animals, using disinfectants, and cleaning equipment or clothing. Producers need to determine at each CCP what is the correct mode
The Progressive Rancher
Summary
Establishing a biosecurity plan and following through is very important to the health of your animal(s) and the survival of your project and farm. A high-quality, safe, wholesome food product is the goal of every livestock producer. Knowing diseases and how they spread is very important in achieving this goal. References
Chapman, C.K., editor. 2002. Utah Youth Beef Quality Assurance Program Manual, page 17-20. Utah State University. Glaze, Benton, editor. 2001. Idaho Beef Quality Assurance Program Manual, page 43-45. University of Idaho.
Kerr, Susan. 2004. All Systems Go. Chapter 2: Diseases, Pests and Problems. Biosecurity Blanket lesson, page 14-15. Veterinary Science 4-H CCS Curriculum Book 2. BU-08049. www.progressiverancher.com
www.progressiverancher.com
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 29
RANGELAND MANAGEMENT SERIES
Publication 8021
Balancing Beef Cow Nutrient Requirements and Seasonal Forage Quality on Annual Rangeland Melvin George, Extension Range Specialist, Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis; Glenn Nader, UC Cooperative Extension Farm Advisor, Yuba-Sutter- Butte Counties; and John Dunbar, Emeritus Extension Animal Nutrition Specialist, Animal Science Department, UC Davis. Range beef cow nutrition programs are greatly influenced by the changing nutritional needs of a cow as it progresses through the reproductive calendar and seasonal changes in the quality of rangeland forage. Matching the nutrient demands of range beef cows and the nutrients supplied by rangeland forage is a balancing act for a considerable portion of each year for producers of beef cattle who depend on annual rangelands for all or part of their yearly forage supply. This publication is intended to supplement basic beef cow management information in the Cow-Calf Management Guide (see Additional Reading at end of article) and will be useful to range management professionals, beef cattle producers, and students. Additional cow nutrition and annual rangeland forage quality information is available in Annual Rangeland Forage Quality (UC ANR Publication 8022).
THE REPRODUCTIVE CALENDAR
RE-BREEDING
Time of calving. There are various ways of looking at the cow reproductive calendar, but one of the best is to divide the 365-day beef-cow year into five stages of production, beginning with calving (Figure 1). The herd manager determines the calendar of operations by selecting the time of calving and thus the time of breeding. Fall calving is a common practice on California’s annual rangelands because of mild winters with available green forage. Spring calving is common in regions with more severe winter weather. The major factors that influence the selection of calving time include:
Cows must re-breed within 80 to 85 days after calving if a 365-day calving interval is to be maintained. The reproductive year of the beef cow (Figure 1) is a very tight schedule if management’s objective is to produce a calf each year from each cow. Adequate nutrition is crucial to meeting this objective. The period from conception to birth is about 283 days (Hereford 286, Angus 281). Most cows will not come into estrus until 30 to 45 days after calving; longer if nutrition is poor. Cows come into estrus at 21-day intervals, so it takes 42 days for a cow to become pregnant in two services. From 365 days in a year, subtract 283 days for gestation and another 40 days before first estrus cycle after calving, and you have a window of only 42 days (two breedings) if you are going to stay on schedule for the next year.
• weather conditions
• quality and availability of range forage • supplemental feed • labor
• capital inputs In this publication we discuss the cow reproduction • calf crop production goals (i.e., calving percentage, calendar, several macro- and micronutrients and weaning weights, calving interval) related deficiency symptoms that may affect beef cows grazing on annual rangelands, and the potential for • relative weights of calves produced in the different calving seasons specific seasonal protein gaps associated with common • diseases (i.e., foothill abortion, calf scours, etc.) forage sources.
Table 1 shows why it is so difficult to achieve a high percentage calf crop. Under good management, cows bred after their second calf are expected to wean an 80 to 90 percent calf crop. Bred heifers that will remain in the herd must also wean a high percentage of their calves. To successfully breed heifers at one year of age, you need to maintain a high plane of nutrition throughout their first 2 years. While annual range forage
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Agriculture and Natural Resources anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu California Rangelands Research and Information Center agronomy.ucdavis.edu/ calrng/range1.htm 30 APRIL 2020
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
provides adequate nutrients during the late winter and spring (adequate green season), forage quality in the summer and early fall (inadequate dry season) and late fall and winter (inadequate green season) is insufficient to maintain this high plane of nutrition. Irrigated pasture, high elevation summer range and meadows, or supplementary feeding is usually necessary to maintain replacement heifer nutrition at an adequate level. Even if cows are checked for pregnancy after the breeding season and open cows are sold, one is lucky to have a calf crop of more than a 94 percent. A typical cattle operation will replace 10 to 20 percent of the cow herd each year. Bulls are generally replaced at a 25 percent rate. Four bulls per 100 cows is typical. Fewer are needed in intensive operations, more on rough terrain. Calves weigh about 75 pounds at birth and typically gain 1.4 lb (heifers) and 1.6 lb (steers) per day to weaning age of 7 to 10 months, or about 45 lb per month. Calves after weaning vary greatly in gain on the range. Most operators expect at least 200 lb gain on a weaned calf (commonly called a stocker calf ) during the green season. Most of the gain is during the spring. Yearlings gain better on range than freshly weaned calves. COW CONDITION Cow condition at the time of calving is an important factor determining how quickly after calving a cow returns to estrus. By monitoring their cows’ body condition, producers can adjust feeding levels to ensure Figure 1. Beef cow reproduction calendar.
www.progressiverancher.com
an adequate re-breeding rate. Body condition scoring assigns a numerical value of 1 (very thin) to 9 (very fat) depending on the degree of body fat reserves visually observed. Experience and research have shown that mature cows should be at a condition score of 5 or 6 at calving, while first-calf heifers and second-calf cows should be between 6 and 7. Body condition scoring is discussed by Momont and Pruitt (1999) and in numerous textbooks.
dry season). These two examples result in an extended dry season characterized by reduced protein content in the available forage. Figure 3 compares monthly forage protein for a normal year and for years when early fall rains result in an early green season or extended spring rains result in a long green season. These two examples result in a longer than normal green season with higher protein contents in the forage. Mountain meadows and irrigated pasture are two common forage alternatives that are used by ranches on annual rangeland to provide summer green forage (Figures 4 and 5). While protein COW NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS content in a typical Central Valley irrigated pasture will & FORAGE QUALITY usually exceed cow protein requirements throughout Nutrient requirements for a 1,000 lb cow over five stages the summer, the protein contents of mountain meadow of production are presented in Table 2. The nutrients forage may not be adequate in the late summer and that you should consider as potentially deficient in early fall. foothill rangelands of California are energy, protein, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium chloride In addition to seasonal changes in forage quality, forage (salt), potassium, certain trace minerals, and vitamin A nutrient concentration can also vary greatly across the (Table 3). You can identify potential nutrient gaps in landscape. Forage dries sooner on south-facing slopes. seasonal forage resources by comparing seasonal cow Springs, seeps, and swales may remain green longer nutrient requirements with seasonal forage quality. than surrounding vegetation. Nutrient concentration is Figures 2 through 5 describe protein requirements and higher in leaves and twigs from woody vegetation than forage protein content to help you identify potential in surrounding dry forage. protein nutrient gaps. Protein requirements for fall and spring calving cow herds are superimposed on Ruminant animals are selective grazers and seek out the forage protein content in these four figures (NRC and remember the location of nutrient-rich patches. 1984). The protein percentages in these figures are Consequently, they usually select a higher-quality adequate only if there is sufficient forage to meet the diet than that represented by forage samples collected by hand. The comparisons illustrated here are only animals’ daily forage dry matter intake requirements examples of forage protein content that can in reality Figure 2 compares forage protein content for a normal vary widely in time and space. Consequently, each year to that for years when the fall rains are delayed (dry operation must develop its own unique range livestock fall) or the rainy season ends earlier than usual (early nutrition program. ... Continued Next Page
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 31
Table 3. Nutrients that have the potential for deficiency in forage on California foothill rangelands. Nutrient, and potential for deficiency ENERGY Energy, often measured as total digestible nutrients (TDN), Net Energy for maintenance (NEm), Net Energy for gain (NEg), Digestible Energy (DE), or Metabolizable Energy (ME), is the most important nutritional factor to consider for beef cows for several reasons. It is the nutritional factor most commonly lacking due to the shortage of forage.Were it not for energy, the nutrient requirements of the beef cow could be met by 2–4 lb of total feed per day. Insufficient energy intake may occur when cattle are forced to graze deficient dry forage in the fall (inadequate green season). During this period low forage levels (<800–1,000 lb/a) and low palatability may reduce intake, restricting the animals’ ability to meet their daily dry matter requirements for energy, protein, and other nutrients. PROTEIN Protein is the nutrient most likely to be lacking in summer and fall diets when dry forage is plentiful but green forage is not adequate. Supplemental protein for wintering cows is usually the largest cash expense in the yearly costs of maintaining a cow. Supplements such as cottonseed and safflower oil meal are primary sources. Urea is a non-protein compound that ruminants may convert to protein with varying degrees of efficiency through the action of microorganisms in the rumen. The use of liquid supplements and blocks has increased drastically over the past few years and will continue to increase as research provides information in efficient formulations including urea. Proper management procedures are important when urea is fed to prevent ammonia toxicity and to enhance urea utilization. CALCIUM Calcium usually is not a serious problem in beef cow diets. It seldom is deficient in California range forage.
PHOSPHORUS Phosphorus may be borderline to definitely deficient in range cow diets during summer, fall, and winter periods in California. When high-protein and liquid supplements are fed, they usually supply adequate phosphorus to supplement native forage.
SALT (sodium chloride) Salt should always be provided free choice in loosepack or block form. The placement of salt away from water is a common practice for improving stock distribution and achieving better range utilization.
32 APRIL 2020
Deficiency symptoms* Retarded Delayed sexual maturity Poor conception rate Shortened lactation period Decline in milk yield May be complicated by protein, mineral, and/or vitamin deficiency Loss of body weight Failure to conceive Lowered resistance to diseases and parasites Increased mortality (toxic plants)
Reduced appetite Reduced growth rate (fetus and calf) Loss of weight Inadequate intake of other nutrients Delayed estrus Irregular estrus Poor conception rate Reduced milk production
Poor growth Depletion of calcium Swollen, tender joints Arched back Stiffness Deformed legs Fractures Decreased appetite Chewing wood, bones, and hair Low blood phosphorus Stiff joints and lameness Decreased milk production Failure to show estrus Poor conception rates (open cows) Retained placenta
Nutrient, and potential for deficiency MAGNESIUM Under California conditions grass tetany or hypomagnesemic tetany often occurs. It is a major problem, especially in lactating cows grazing lush, rapidly growing pastures highly fertilized with nitrogen during cool foggy or cloudy seasons. Grass tetany can be prevented by providing 8 grams of magnesium per head per day prior to onset of symptoms. Magnesium nutrition may be complicated by addition of urea to the diet. POTASSIUM Generally, forages contain more potassium than beef cows require. However, potassium concentration decreases with advancing maturity of forage and can be reduced further by leaching. TRACE MINERALS Deficiencies of trace minerals such as copper, zinc, iodine, and selenium exist in many areas of California. Trace mineral deficiencies in California are localized, and because their effects can be insidious and substantial, producers may want to obtain recommendations from a local authority such as a Farm Advisor or veterinarian. Selenium deficiencies are concentrated in northern (especially northeastern) California. Selenium can be administered as an injection. In deficient areas, selenium provided in supplement blocks has generally proved ineffective at the 30 ppm level. VITAMIN A Vitamin A deficiencies occur in beef cow herds in California. A cow stores up a several-months’ supply in her liver during the adequate green feed period, but this supply can be depleted rapidly in a lactating cow. Vitamin A deficiencies may also occur in fall calves during dry years or in young cows. Supplemental vitamin A should be provided by: 1. addition to a protein supplement; 2. intramuscular injection (1 million IU will last 3 months); 3. addition to a mineral mix.
Licking and chewing various objects Loss of appetite Unthrifty appearance, rough haircoat Decreased milk production Reduced gains Lack of coordination, weakness Death The Progressive Rancher
Deficiency symptoms* Uncoordinated gait Convulsions Coma
Death
Decreased feed intake Decreased milk yield
Reduced weight gain Muscular weakness
Copper deficiency: Change in hair color, rough hair coat, depression in weight gain, bone fractures, and anemic appearance. Cows coming back into estrus due to early embryo death. Iodine: Goiter. Selenium deficiency: White muscle disease, retained placentas, reduced gains, unthriftiness, and diarrhea.
Watery eyes
Night blindness Scouring
Respiratory infection Poor conception
Abortion-shortened gestation period Birth of dead, weak, or blind calves Retained placentas
Uncoordinated calves Poor conception rate
*Source: Merck and Co. 1998. www.progressiverancher.com
Figure 2. Examples of annual rangeland forage protein for a normal year, a year with a dry fall, and a year with an early dry season, with cow protein requirements for fall- or springcalving cows superimposed.
Figure 4. Example protein content for a mountain meadow, with cow protein requirements for fall- or spring-calving cows superimposed.
Figure 3. Examples of annual rangeland forage protein for a normal year, a year with an early green season, and a year with a long green season, with cow protein requirements for fall- or spring-calving cows superimposed.
Figure 5. Example protein content for a Central Valley coolseason irrigated pasture, with cow protein requirements for fall- or springcalving cows superimposed.
LITERATURE CITED Merck and Co. 1998. Merck veterinary manual, 8th edition. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co.
Bruce, B., R. Torell, and B. Kvasnicka. 1999. Nutritional management of beef cows in the Great Basin. Reno: University of Nevada, publication EB99-01
To order these products, visit our online catalog at http://anrcatalog. ucdavis.edu. You can also place orders by mail, phone, or FAX, or request a printed catalog of publications, slide sets, and videos from:
National Research Council. 1984. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle, 6th edition. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.
Beef Rancher’s Software Package, publication 21460
An electronic version of this publication is available on the DANR Communication Services website at http://anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu.
Momont, P. A., and R. J. Pruitt. 1999. Condition scoring of beef cattle. In J. R. Adams and M. W. Stellmon, coord. eds., Cow-calf management guide. Moscow, ID: College of Agriculture, University of Idaho.
ADDITIONAL READING Adams, J. R., and M. W. Stellmon, coord. eds. 1999. Cow-calf management guide. Moscow, ID: College of Agriculture, University of Idaho.
FOR MORE INFORMATION You’ll find detailed information on many aspects of livestock and range management in these titles and in other publications, slide sets, and videos from UC ANR: California Range Brushlands and Browse Plants, publication 4010
Monitoring California’s Annual Rangeland Vegetation, publication 21486
RANGELAND MANAGEMENT SERIES www.progressiverancher.com
University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Communication Services | 6701 San Pablo Avenue, 2nd Floor | Oakland, California 94608-1239 | Telephone: 1-800-994-8849 or (510) 642-2431, FAX: (510) 643-5470 | e-mail inquiries: danrcs@ucdavis.edu
Publication 8021 ©2001 by the Regents of the University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. All rights reserved.
Publication 8021 The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 33
BU
E
21ST
H
S FOR T L L
CENTURY
2020 SALE REPORT
AVERAGES BREED AVERAGE HEAD SALE PRICE COUNT
Snyder Livestock’s Bulls for the 21st Century sale on March 8, was a great success. The annual bull buyer’s seminar included a panel discussion on Voodoo Minerals and a presentation on fake meat. Davey Stix moderated a panel comprised of Monty Kerley, Bob Sager, and Brad Johnson. They discussed questions and issues that ranchers face when they sort through promotional rhetoric regarding mineral supplementation. Dr. Johnson followed the panel discussion with an eye opening presentation on fake meat. Over 350 people dined and danced at the Yerington Rotary Bull Sale Bash.
Angus $4551 61
Brookhouser T-Bone Angus of Brunswick, Nebraska, purchased the High Point Bull, Sterling Pacific 904, consigned by Dixie Valley Angus, sired by Hoover No Doubt and out of Baldridge Isabel B082, for $42500. Carl Quigley purchased the #2 bull and the Champion Red Angus, Trotters Runaway 826, consigned by Lana Trotter, sired by Crump Runaway 5121 and out of a AHL About Time 113Y dam, for $4750. Hunewill Livestock purchased the Champion Calving Ease Red Angus, Trotters Magnitude 853, consigned by Trotters Red Angus, sired by Crump Magnitude 853 and out of a Trotters Tony 235 dam, for $5000.
Balancer $2700
1
Charolais $3427
11
Hereford $3110
10
Limflex
$2850
2
Red Angus
$3860
10
Total Bulls
$4142
95
Snyder adjusts feed bills based upon RFI results. The 2 Trotter Red Angus champions earned Trotter a $113 credit on the feed bill for the 112 day test period. RFI is included in the point calculation, and all of the breed champions and 13 of the top 16 high selling bulls posted a negative RFI. Bill Airola purchased the Champion Calving Ease Angus, Diablo Cut Above 4308, consigned by Diablo Valley Angus, sired by High Point Werner Cut Above and out of a Ten X dam, for $4750. Horseshoe V Ranch purchased the Champion Hereford, Genoa 6964 Leader 19041, consigned by Genoa Livestock, sired by R Leader 6964 and out of Churchill Sensation 028X dam, for $5500. Ragan Creek Ranch purchased the Champion from the Composite/ Charolais test group, a Limflex, ERRL Felix Rampage, consigned by Easterly Romanov Ranch, sired by Quaker Hill Rampage 0A36 and out of a WR Journey-1X74 dam, for $3200. Roberti Grandi Ranch purchased the second high selling bull, Sterling Stonewall 910, consigned by Dixie Valley Angus, sired by Jindra Stonewall and out of a Basin Payweight 1682 dam for $13250. 34 APRIL 2020
Sterling Pacific 904
Trotters Runaway 826
Trotters Magnitude 853
Brookhouser T-Bone Angus of Brunswick, Nebraska, purchased the High Point Bull, Sterling Pacific 904, consigned by Dixie Valley Angus, sired by Hoover No Doubt and out of Baldridge Isabel B082, for $42500
Carl Quigley purchased the #2 bull and the Champion Red Angus, Trotters Runaway 826, consigned by Lana Trotter, sired by Crump Runaway 5121 and out of a AHL About Time 113Y dam, for $4750
Hunewill Livestock purchased the Champion Calving Ease Red Angus, Trotters Magnitude 853, consigned by Trotters Red Angus, sired by Crump Magnitude 853 and out of a Trotters Tony 235 dam, for $5000
Diablo Cut Above 4308
Genoa 6964 Leader 19041
ERRL Felix Rampage
Bill Airola purchased the Champion Calving Ease Angus, Diablo Cut Above 4308, consigned by Diablo Valley Angus, sired by High Point Werner Cut Above and out of a Ten X dam, for $4750
Horseshoe V Ranch purchased the Champion Hereford, Genoa 6964 Leader 19041, consigned by Genoa Livestock, sired by R Leader 6964 and out of Churchill Sensation 028X dam, for $5500
Ragan Creek Ranch purchased the Champion from the Composite/ Charolais test group, a Limflex, ERRL Felix Rampage, consigned by Easterly Romanov Ranch, sired by Quaker Hill Rampage 0A36 and out of a WR Journey-1X74 dam, for $3200
The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
www.progressiverancher.com
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 35
The 2020 Winnemucca Ranch Hand Rodeo included 30 teams who competed for over $15,000 in cash, along with buckles, prizes, and bragging rights!
2020 RANCH HAND RODEO CONGRATULATIONS TO THE WINNING TEAM
EIGUREN RANCH – JORDAN VALLEY, OR 2nd • C7 Cattle – Gooding, ID 3rd • Jim Ranch – Owyhee, NV 4th • Ride Em N Slide Em – Burley, ID 5th • Beitia Livestock – Burns, OR TOP HAND: Gus King – Eiguren Ranch – Jordan Valley, OR STEER STOP: Peyton Feydor – JJJ Rodeo Co. – Reno, NV Winning Team - Eiguren Ranch from Jordan Valley, OR Calcutta Winner - Monel Shelley • Pictured: High Desert Queen Brooke Hodge, Mike Eiguren, Gus King, Jason Eiguren, Kaylee Filippini, and John Schutte Presented with Henry Lever-Action Rifles and hand-tooled rope cans in memory of Garley Amos - donated by Jim and Mary Sue Davis.
SADDLE BRONC: Mason Lamb – Eiguren Ranch – Jordan Valley, OR BRANDING: C7 Ranch – Gooding, ID MUGGING: C7 Ranch – Gooding, ID RANCH DOCTORING: Maher Ranch – McDermitt, NV TEAM ROPING: TL Ranch – Eiguren Ranch- Jordan Valley, OR TRAILER LOADING: Eiguren Ranch – Jordan Valley, OR
Ranch Hand Rodeo Top Hand Gus King – Eiguren Ranch – Jordan Valley, OR 36 APRIL 2020
Ranch Hand of the Year Ross Zimmerman The Progressive Rancher
www.progressiverancher.com
2020 WINNEMUCCA COW DOG TRIALS
2020 STOCK HORSE CHALLENGE
BRACE CHAMPION
OPEN RANCH HORSE CHAMPION
Brace Champion- J.R. Bailey with CT & Wrec
Nu Sand Dollar – Owned and Ridden by Nikki Duarte
OPEN SNAFFLE BIT/HACKAMORE CHAMPION
Pictured High Desert Queens Kayleigh Marshall & Brooke Hodge, Trial Judge Tom Duffy and J.R. Bailey
CR Tuff Service – Owner George Shine, Rider Jimmy VanBelle
OPEN TWO REIN/BRIDLE KDK Boons & Fashion – Owner Lean Torvik, Rider Flint Lee
NON-PRO TWO-REIN/BRIDLE CHAMPION
OPEN CHAMPION
Nu Sand Dollar – Owned and Ridden by Nikki Duarte
Brian Jacobs with Klem
LIMITED NON PRO BRIDLE
Pictured High Desert Queen Kayleigh Marshall, Trial Judge Tom Duffy, Brian Jacobs, and Owner Allen Voortman
ARC Peptos Belle – Owner Sharon Kirkpatrick Rider Carolyn Greene
2020 RANCH, ROPE & PERFORMANCE HORSE SALE Overall average - $ 7,916 Top ten average - $12,810
INTERMEDIATE CHAMPION
HIGH SELLING HORSE
Pictured High Desert Queen Kayleigh, Trial Judge Tom Duffy, and Hannah Gibbons
Hannah Gibbons with Lucy
Lot 2 – Bar Hoppin Fritz “Guido” - $17,500 Consignor: Taylor Anderson – Grouse Creek, UT Buyer: Hacking Land & Livestock – Vernal, UT
RANCH CHAMPION Justin Christensen with Sleeve Pictured High Desert Queens Kayleigh Marshall, Trial Judge Tom Duffy and Justin Christensen
NURSERY CHAMPION Brian Jacobs with MISR Cat Pictured High Desert Queen Kayleigh Marshall, Trial Judge Tom Duffy and Brian Jacobs
2020 High Selling Horse
Lot 2 – Bar Hoppin Fritz “Guido” - $17,500 www.progressiverancher.com
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 37
2020 RHR WILD HORSE RACING RESULTS
WINNEMUCCA RHR BARREL BASH RESULTS PeeWee - Saturday 1D Placing 1st 17.668 $100.000 GRACIE MASHBURN on CLASSIC ROYAL JET 2D Placing 1st 18.509 $77.00 JAYNE YOUTSEY on ROOSTER 4D Placing 1st 19.696 LEXI SALVINO on ALLIE BELLL PeeWee - Sunday 1D Placing 1st 17.668 $100.000 GRACIE MASHBURN on CLASSIC ROYAL JET 2D Placing 1st 18.509 $77.00 JAYNE YOUTSEY on ROOSTER 3D Placing 1st 19.696 LEXI SALVINO on ALLIE BELLL 4D Placing 1st 20.502 AVERY GRAHAM on DAISY HOLLY WHOS BABE Open - Friday 1D Placing 1st 16.438 $443.00 HAILEY FINNEGAN on BEACH CAT 2D Placing 1st 16.974 $372.00 JANEY REEVES on SIZZLE 3D Placing 1st 17.444 $317.00 BREANNA ROBERTS on FANTASTIC FIREWATER 4D Placing 1st 18.454 $275.00 ALEITA FALEN on NAMGIS D 55 Open - Saturday 1D Placing 1st 16.470 $ 973.00 JENNIER BARRETT on BEDUINOS PROSPECTOR 2D Placing 1st 16.980 $ 876.00 RIATA GOEMMER on CUCHARA GOLD BUCKLE
38 APRIL 2020
First Place - Tie
TJ Allen Team – Defiance, AZ – Mikey McCarty, Jake McCarty & TJ Allen Team Young Guns – The Dalles, OR – Jacob Spencer, Casey Heemsah & Lane Meanus
The 2020 Winnemucca Barrel Bash hosted over 200 barrel racers each day of the three day barrel race event. Over $50,000 in winnings was distributed!!
3D Placing 1st 17.498 $ 746.00 ELLIE BEUKELMAN on FAB GIRL B KICKINIT 4D Placing 1st 18.495 $ 649.00 SHARRA DENIZ on ROX IN MY FIREWATER Open – Sunday 1D Placing 1st 16.681 $939.00 KYLIE MARTINEZ on LACI BUG 2D Placings 1st 17.188 $845.00 ALYSSA BOYD on LZK SNOWMETHEMONEY 3D Placing 1st 17.682 $720.00 ALEXIS BLAKEY on JELLO 4D Placing 1st 18.697 $626.00 JESSI GUINN on PEARLS GRAY ACE HIGH Youth – Saturday 1D Placing 1st 16.948 $171.00 RAIMEE PEARSON on MAISES HOUDINI 2D Placing 1st 17.469 $154.00 SHANNA ROBINSON on SMART TARI CATALYST 3D Placing 1st 18.033 $131.00 JETTE BLACK on VF WINGS OF FIRE 4D Placing 1st 18.990 $114.00 KAYDENCE NIELSON on SMOKY Youth – Sunday 1D Placing 1st 16.918 $154.00 CASEY OTT on CP RUFF N CATTY 2D Placing 1st 17.428 $139.00 ZIPPORAH KILGORE on TINSELS LEADING LADY 3D Placing 1st 17.983 $118.00 TAYLER FELTON on OTRO GRINGO 4D Placing 1st 19.209 $103.00 ALLYSA NIMICK on BUTTONS
The Progressive Rancher
Senior – Saturday 1D Placing 1st 16.890 $127.00 RACHAEL HALL on MY GOLS TO WIN “SPUD” 2D Placings 1st 17.568 $115.00 BONNIE CASSINELLI on MOON FIRE FOX 3D Placings 1st 18.062 $ 98.00 BRENDA REAY on CINCO 4D Placings 1st 19.909 $ 85.00 CORINNA ALGERIO on ELLA Senior – Saturday 1D Placing 1st 16.925 $123.00 JOJO GIANNINI on FIREWATER IN FLIGHT 2D Placings 1st 17.430 $111.00 LINDA TAYLOR on CHICKS 3D Placings 1st 17.968 $ 94.00 MARION BAILEY on JET’S SHINER 4D Placings 1st 18.965 $ 82.00 PATTY OTT on EGG ON YOUR FACE Open Average 1D Placings 1st 33.459 $348.00 2D Placings 1st 34.460 $283.00 3D Placings 1st 35.461 $199.00 4D Placings 1st 37.558 $149.00
– Sat/Sun AMANDA LEWIS on STREAK A ROSES BEKKIE BOWERMAN on BLAZINLUCKYCHARMS HUNTLEY BYRD on SHORTY CORINNE BUCKINGHAM on JR LUCKY ONE
Jackpot in Poles 2D 1D Placing 1st 20.832 $184.00 MICHELLE SKENDER on SMOKE 2D Placings 1st 24.386 $122.00 KYLIE VELASCO on GR DORRIE ZAN
www.progressiverancher.com
Annual award bestowed during 31st Ranch Hand Rodeo competition by Kim Petersen, Director Winnemucca Convention and Visitors Authority
Last weekend, Ross Zimmerman was honored as the 2020 “Ranch Hand of the Year” during the event’s 31st anniversary.
and all the jobs on a working ranch rounded out his education.
“Ross Zimmerman has been an important figure in the ranching communities in Humboldt County,” said Maher. “He deserves this honor and the chance to stand alongside our other greats who have strengthened our local ranching heritage.”
State in Coravallis to study veterinary medicine. He worked in the college dairy barn and resided in a room above it. His girlfriend, Dodie McErquiaga, would visit on occasion, and stay with friends to see Ross. On her first visit, the dairy barn burned to the ground, and Ross had to rush out to rescue all the animals, which he did!
When Ross started high school, his mother and brothers moved to Winnemucca for It’s a worthy tribute for the longtime the school year. Ross played sports and northern Nevada resident, veterinarian, enjoyed his friends, but always went home cowboy, rancher, hunter and more, to Disaster Peak after games and on the according to Agricultural District No. 3 weekends. President Kent Maher. Upon graduating, he attended Oregon
Ross Evan Zimmerman was born was born May 3, 1945, to Evan and Tillie Zimmerman, in Petaluma, California. The family moved to Nevada and the Disaster Peak Ranch when he was five years old. As the oldest of five boys, he learned to play, tease, and work hard.
Ross went on to veterinary school at Colorado State University in Fort Collins after marrying Dodie in August of 1967. There, Ross worked and studied hard. He and Dodie welcomed their first child, Bonnie, and then their second child, Ann. Ross attended the one room schoolhouse, They kept busy! which is now the McDermitt Library for Upon finishing veterinary school, the four years. His mother and the boys lived family moved back to Orovada, Nevada, in McDermitt during the school year, and stayed on the River Ranch, where Ross going home on the weekends to help on worked and practiced his vet skills around the ranch. He was then homeschooled the area. Bonnie learned to ride on the on the ranch through middle school. River Ranch and followed her dad around Buckarooing, haying, fencing, irrigating, whenever she could.
In 1972, Ross and his young family moved to the RO Ranch in Round Mountain, Nevada, with Ross’s parents. They ran cattle on the Toiyabe mountain range. The desert went on for miles, and it was quite a challenge. Ross, Dodie, and the girls lived in cattle camps, and sometimes Ross would camp out farther with the hired men and his brothers. He was always on horseback, chasing wild steers and roping bulls, sometimes even working in snow up to the horse’s belly. Ross was able to practice his vet work on the ranch, and for other ranchers in the valley. This, along with haying, breaking horses, and feeding cows, made for a big job, but Ross always got the job done.
He and Dodie welcomed their third child, Karen, in 1974 in Tonopah, Nevada. When
www.progressiverancher.com
Ross heard the news, he came in from cow camp in Indian Valley to be with Dodie for the birth. On his way home, after seeing his new daughter, his truck broke down halfway home, and he spent the night in the pickup with the hired man.
the last 40 years. It was always a funfilled time!
In 1996, Ross bought Dr. Cannon’s veterinary practice in Winnemucca. Bonnie graduated veterinary school in 1997 and joined him at the Ross moved his growing family back to the Zimmerman Veterinary Clinic. Since Disaster Peak Ranch, where he worked the then, it’s been over 20 good years of ranch and continued his veterinary work. veterinary and ranch work. Working He and Dodie welcomed their fourth child, together as a family, whether branding, John Ross, in 1977 at the hospital in Elko. driving cattle, or working at the clinic, The kids were homeschooled at Disaster has been the fun part. Peak for a couple years, where they could all Ross loves old cars and wheeling and help on the ranch. They loved working with dealing on them. He is an accomplished their dad. Eventually, Dodie and the kids hunter and enjoys hunting in Nevada moved to McDermitt during the school and around the world. His Wildlife year, and Ross was alone all week at the Museum at J&J Feed Store is a visual ranch, holding down the fort and attending diary of his travels and trophies. Each to his vet work. It was a crazy time for animal tells a great story. everyone, with all the back and forth from McDermitt to the ranch, but there were These days Ross has lots of extra many good times, and Bonnie and Ann hands to help, with his own children, their spouses and grandkids—some graduated with honors. already married—the family just keeps The family moved to Winnemucca in 1991. growing! They have all learned to love Karen and John finished their schooling the ranching way of life through Ross, there and went on to college. Ross continued and that hard work can be fun. his vet work, traveling all over the area. It was lots and lots of miles, but he enjoyed it. The “Ranch Hand of the Year” award is He made friends everywhere he went, and sponsored by the Agricultural District always loved to see his ranching friends. No. 3 as a way to recognize those men They would put Ross on a horse to help and women who make their living in rope cattle that had cut and run. He was the ranching industry. a good roper, and everyone bragged on his Past recipients include Frank south paw roping. They enjoyed watching Loveland, Loui Cerri, Harold Chapin, Ross wrestle heifers that escaped the chute. John and Tim DeLong, Buster There were many tricks pulled, jokes, and Dufurrena, Jane Angus, Larry Hill, teasing among his friends as they shared a Louie and Frank Bidart, Sammye lunch and a visit. and Dan Ugalde, John Falen, Lilla One time, on a vet call, the ranch manager’s and Woodie Bell, Garley Amos, Buck two-year-old son was standing in the back Tipton and Jack Warn. of Ross’ pickup, watching the vet work. “We wish to recognize the outstanding When all was done, the little boy said to people who have contributed so much, his dad, “Why does Ross call all those not only to the ranching community, cows Fred?” but to cowboy heritage itself,” said Julian MarCuerquiaga was Ross’s sidekick Agricultural Director No. 3 Director and traveled around with him, enjoying Kim Petersen. the country and the company. The family Ross Zimmerman was presented helped Grandma Grace at the River with the 2020 “Ranch Hand of the Ranch through the years too. Ross judged Year” award on Saturday, February 29, the Ranch Hand Rodeo in McDermitt for before the kickoff of the 31st annual many years and volunteered for 4-H for Ranch Hand Rodeo.
The Progressive Rancher
APRIL 2020 39
SHORT ON WATER ? Two Alfalfas in One Plant If Your Pivot Only Pumps 400gal/
Plant On Dryland On the Market for 29 years
(and still unbeatable)
Greenway
360-D
We are a non-GMO seed house! Never a positive hit for GMO
Alfalfa
port Never a Re ill of Winter K
nd Dryla nting la e s P u n ays Whe a alw Alfalf ed seed! t a o c e it!) s prov (Let u
This Alfalfa has been called a tetraploid anomaly by alfalfa breeders. On the market for 25 years, and being improved twice, It remains the highest yeilding, low water alfalfa on the market! HERE’S WHAT GROWERS ARE SAYING: "We plant 360-D every year, and we now have over 1000 acres. We took a second cutting when many other growers in our area only cut once." Bruce Davenport - Goldendale, WA
"We planted 360-D in an irrigated field that was very short on water. Side by side was field with normal water. The 360-D yielded with the well irrigated adjacent field! No difference in yield!" Ryan Telford - Richfield, ID
Alan Greenway Seedsman
Over 40 Years Experiance
Greenway Seeds Caldwell, ID Alan Greenway 208-250-0159 (cell) 208-454-8342 (message)
√ √ √ √ √ √ √
Will produce AT LEAST 80% of crop with 50% of water Will produce a subsequent cutting after water is gone Plant on dryland/ guaranteed to out yield Ranger or Ladak Plant under pivots that only pump 400 gal/ Plant on fields that have only early season creek water Plant under end guns on pivots Plant in the late fall with your dormant seeded grasses
www.greenwayseed.com
We h a v e s o l d o u t b y M a r c h 1 s t e a c h o f the last 3 years. Order early!