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2. It does not have any real-world experience, so the understanding of certain situations might be limited.This might be a problem because in some cases, practical knowledge and skills are essential for success in the field.This limitation will persist for a long time, because it is one of the elements that separates us from machines. It is true that machines can have certain memory and learn from the experience and simulation, but their experience is more limited than ours. It may not have the same level of intuition and creativity that a human would bring to a problem. So it is unlikely to fully replace the benefits that come from hands-on experience in the industrial space.

3. Bias: AI models present bias inferred from training data or patterns that they learned. Bias can affect the responses and decision-making. Bias will be always present since it is impossible to remove it; even when we think that bias is zero, there will be bias. This fact is not that fatal since we already have human bias; maybe with the help of AI we are able to reduce it.

Smart Industry: What does the use of this tool look like five years down the road?

Mikaela: I feel that this tool is revolutionizing our way of work. We will need it to make our work faster and keep up with market expectations. In the near future, AI might be used on every step of manufacturing process, in this way manufacturers will exponentially improve use of resources and time, focusing on providing better quality and freeing more time for working on creative ideas that deliver innovation.

Mikaela: In my opinion, there are a huge amount of opportunity to take advantage of this tool in the manufacturing area—think automating communications, optimizing costs and resources, providing opportunities for workers to focus on more strategic tasks rather than repetitive tasks, to detect errors and predict maintenance, as well as provide useful insights for decision-making and sharper recommendations.

ChatGPT can streamline this process by interpreting large volumes of data coming from a variety of sensors and metrics to get to the key findings that enable teams to pinpoint where a failure is likely to show up and act before shutdowns are needed.

Contracts

FLIR Unmanned Aerial Systems, Hvalstad, Norway, was awarded a $93,889,000 firm-fixed-price contract for Black Hornet 3 unmanned aerial systems, spare parts and ancillary services. Bids were solicited via the internet with one received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of April 11, 2028. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, is the contracting activity (W91CRB-23-D-0008).

Lockheed Martin Corp., Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Co., Fort Worth,Texas is awarded a $172,100,266 modification (P00001) to a cost-plus-fixed-fee, firm-fixed-price order (N0001920F0002) against a previously issued basic ordering agreement (N0001919G0008). This modification definitizes the order and adds scope to provide special test/tooling equipment for increasing Block 4 manufacturing capacity, as well as procures material modification kits in support of removing life limits, correcting deficiencies, and retrofitting aircraft to incorporate Next Gen Distributed Aperture System hardware and associated Power and Thermal Management System modifications efforts.These modifications are in support of F-35 aircraft for the Air Force, Marine Corps, Navy, Foreign Military Sales (FMS) customers, and non-U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) participants.Work will be performed in Fort Worth,Texas, and is expected to be completed in December 2030. Fiscal 2023 aircraft procurement (Navy) funds in the amount of $208,445; fiscal 2022 aircraft procurement (Air Force) funds in the amount of $67,568,935; fiscal 2022 aircraft procurement (Navy) funds in the amount of $53,866,743; fiscal 2021 aircraft procurement (Navy) procurement funds in the amount of $6,792,712; fiscal 2021 aircraft procurement (Air Force) funds in the amount of $5,148,444; FMS funds in the amount of $1,044,729; and non-U.S. DOD participants funds in the amount of $37,470,258 will be obligated at the time of award, $11,941,156 of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity.

Bell Textron Inc., Fort Worth, Texas, has been awarded an estimated $7,960,693 modification (P00043) against a five-year contract (SPE4AX-17-D-9410) with one five-year option period for H-1 consumables. This is a firm-fixed-price requirements contract. The performance completion date is April 13, 2025. Using military service is Marine Corps.Type of appropriation is fiscal 2023 through 2025 defense working capital funds. The contracting activity is the Defense Logistics Agency Aviation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Textron Systems, Hunt Valley, Maryland, is awarded an $18,675,412 fixed-price incentive (firm target) modification to previously awarded contract N00024-14-C-6322 for retrofit of the Unmanned Influence Sweep System (UISS) Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV). Work will be performed in Hunt Valley, Maryland (70%); and San Diego, California (30%), and is expected to be completed by June 2024. Fiscal 2023 other procurement (Navy) funds in the amount of $18,675,412 will be obligated at time of award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command,

Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity.

Vigor Marine LLC, Portland, Oregon, is awarded a $29,181,598 firm, fixed-price contract (N3220522C4211) for a 110-calendar day Regular Overhaul Dry Docking availability of Military Sealift Command’s fleet oiler USNS PECOS (T-AO 197). This contract includes a base period and four unexercised options, which if exercised, would bring the cumulative contract value of this contract to $30,552,590. Work will be performed in Portland, Oregon, beginning May 19, 2023, and is expected to be completed by Sept. 5, 2023. Working capital funds (Navy) in the amount of $29,181,598 are obligated for fiscal 2023, and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was competitively procured via the sam.gov website and one offer received. The Navy’s Military Sealift Command, Norfolk, Virginia, is the contracting activity (N3220522C4211).

The Survice Engineering Co. LLC,* Belcamp, Maryland, is awarded an $8,359,234 firm-fixed-price contract for the production and delivery of 21 TRV-150C Tactical Resupply Unmanned Aircraft Systems and 12 months of Systems Engineering Program Management services in support of the Navy and Marine Corps Small Tactical Unmanned Aircraft Systems program office. Work will be performed in Churchville, Maryland, and is expected to be completed in March 2024. Fiscal 2023 procurement (Marine Corps) funds in the amount of $6,363,065; and fiscal 2023 operation and maintenance (Marine Corps) funds in the amount of $1,996,169 will be obligated at the time if award, $1,996,169 of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was not competitively procured pursuant to 10 U.S. Code 4022(f). The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity (N0001923C0033).

The Boeing Co., St. Louis, Missouri, was awarded a $1,170,768,698 undefinitized modification (P00001) to a firm-fixed-price order (N0001922F0030) against a previously issued basic ordering agreement (N0001921G0006). This modification procures 400 RGM-84L-4 Harpoon Block II Update (HIIU) Grade B canister tactical missiles, four RTM-84L-4 Block II HIIU Grade B canister exercise missiles, 411 containers, four blast test vehicles, two Harpoon Weapon System (HWS) Joint Common Test Sets (JCTS), Harpoon Coastal Defense System (HCDS) spares, weapon station support equipment, JCTS spares, missile spares, HCDS training equipment, integrated logistics support and technical publications, field service representatives and training.Work will be performed in McKinney,Texas (24.43%); Pontiac, Michigan (12.93%); Annapolis, Maryland (9.20%); Pine Brook, New Jersey (4.96%); St. Louis, Missouri (3.49%); Randolph, Vermont (2.83%); Galena, Kansas (2.7%); Huntsville, Alabama (2.21%) Grove, Oklahoma (2.05%); Chandler, Arizona (1.80%); Setauket, New York (1.51%); Enumclaw, Washington (1.37%); Minneapolis, Minnesota (1.24%); St. Charles, Missouri (1.22%); Federal Way, Washington (1.15%); Union, Missouri (1.14%); and various locations within and outside the continental U.S. (25.77%), and is expected to be completed in March 2029. Foreign Military Sales funds in the amount of $629,776,662 will be obligated at the time of award, none of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity.

Contracts

Kratos Unmanned Aerial Systems Inc., Sacramento, California, is awarded a $9,156,552 modification to a previously awarded, costplus-fixed-fee contract. This modification adds scope to provide non-recurring engineering, integration, and installation of a sensor payload, as well as provides for associated labor and material for Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) mission systems and subsystems integration. Additionally, this modification adds scope to provide for the development and testing of autonomy and pilot vehicle interfaces, UAS ground and flight operations, as well as flight test events for the Navy. Work will be performed in Sacramento, California, and is expected to be completed in September 2023. Fiscal 2022 research, development, test and evaluation (Navy) funds in the amount of $8,572,892 will be obligated at the time of award, all of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Air Warfare Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity.

Raytheon Missiles and Defense, Andover, Massachusetts, has been awarded a maximum $14,422,046 firm-fixed price delivery order (SPRRA2-23-F-0054) against a 10-year indefinite-delivery/ indefinite-quantity contract (SPRBL1-15-D-0017) for Patriot missile parts. This was a sole-source acquisition using justification 10 U.S. Code 2304 (c)(1), as stated in Federal Acquisition Regulation 6.302-1. This is a three-year contract with no option periods.The performance completion date is Feb. 17, 2026. Using military service is Army. Type of appropriation is fiscal 2023 through 2026 Army operations and maintenance funds. The contracting activity is the Defense Logistics Agency Aviation, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama.

Honeywell International Inc., doing business as Honeywell Aerospace, Deer Valley, Phoenix, Arizona, has been awarded a maximum $12,207,394 firmfixed-price, firm-fixed-quantity contract for B-1B air data computers. This was a sole-source acquisition using justification 10 U.S. Code 2304 (c)(1), as stated in Federal Acquisition Regulation 6.302-1 (a)(2). This is a three-year, two-month contract with no option periods. The performance completion date is May 1, 2026. Using military service is Air Force.Type of appropriation is fiscal 2023 defense working capital funds. The contracting activity is the Defense Logistics Agency Aviation, Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (SPE4A1-22-G-0015).

Global Military Products LLC,Tampa, Florida, was awarded a $431,007,300 firm-fixed-price contract for the procurement and delivery of ammunition. Bids were solicited via the internet with two received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Jan. 31, 2024. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Rock Island Arsenal, Illinois, is the contracting activity (W519TC-23-F-0196).

Lockheed Martin, Rotary and Missions Systems, Liverpool, New York, is awarded a $63,270,853 firm-fixed-price modification to previously-awarded contract N00024-20-C-5503 for option exercise of full rate production Surface Electronic Warfare Improvement Program AN/SLQ-32(V)6 and AN/SLQ-32C(V)6 systems.Work will be performed in Liverpool, NewYork (78%); and Lansdale, Pennsylvania (22%), and is expected to be completed by February 2025. Fiscal 2023 other procurement (Navy) funds in the amount of $43,721,001 (70%); fiscal 2022 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy) in the amount of $9,774,926 (15%); and fiscal 2023 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy) in the amount of $9,774,926 (15%) will be obligated at time of award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command,Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity.

Tomahawk Robotics Inc.,* Melbourne, Florida, is being awarded a $55,013,768 firm-fixed-price, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract for production and post-production support of the Flexible Cyber-Secure Radio (FlexCSR) Systems. This contract includes options, which if exercised, would bring the cumulative value of this contract to $58,506,352. Work will be performed in Melbourne, Florida, and is expected to be completed by April 2028. No funds are being obligated at the indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract level.This contract was not competitively procured in accordance with 10 U.S. Code 3204(a) (1) (only one responsible source and no other supplies or services will satisfy agency requirements). The Naval Surface Warfare Center Indian Head Division, Indian Head, Maryland, is the contracting activity.

Raytheon Co., Tucson, Arizona, is awarded a $7,985,181 cost-plus-fixedfee modification to previously awarded contract N00024-17-C-5410 to exercise options and incrementally fund existing contract line items for engineering and technical support of Standard Missiles 2 and 6 (SM2/6). Work will be performed in Tucson, Arizona, and is expected to be completed by March 2024. Fiscal 2023 research, development, test and evaluation (Navy) funds in the amount of $7,684,181 (96%); and fiscal 2023 weapons procurement (Navy) funds in the amount of $301,000 (4%) will be obligated at time of award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C., is the contracting activity.

Northrop Grumman Systems Corp., Dulles, Virginia, has been awarded a $45,959,668, firm-fixed-price and cost-plus-fixed-fee modification (P00005) to contract FA8814-22-C-0004 for the Rapid On-orbit Space Technology Evaluation Ring 4 (ROOSTER-4), a self-propulsive secondary payload adapter for deploying small satellites. The contract modification incorporates effort required to develop, deliver, launch, and perform initial on-orbit support for ROOSTER-4. The total cumulative face value of the contract is $62,008,243.Work will be performed in Dulles,Virginia, and is expected to be completed by May 29, 2026. Fiscal 2023 research, development, test and evaluation funds in the amount of $29,132,816 are being obligated at the time of award. The modification brings the total cumulative face value of the contract to $62,008,243. The U.S. Space Force, Space Systems Command, El Segundo, California, is the contracting activity.

General Dynamics - Ordnance and Tactical Systems, Scranton, Pennsylvania (W15QKN-23-D-0025); and IMT Defense Corp.,* Westerville, Ohio (W15QKN-23-D-0026), will compete for each order of the $344,220,000 fixed-price with economic price adjustment contract for the manufacture, test, packaging and delivery of 155 mm M1128 artillery metal parts assembly. Bids were solicited via the internet with two received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of April 13, 2028. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Newark, New Jersey, is the contracting activity.

Innovation Never Ends: As GE Turns 131, The Company’s Creative Minds Haven’t Run Short On Big Ideas

Chris Norris

In 1876, a 28-year-old Thomas Edison came up with what may be his most underrated innovation: a laboratory and machine shop inside a single two-story building in Menlo Park, New Jersey. It’s a place he called his “Invention Factory,” and one that history calls the first R&D facility in the world. While the Menlo Park model was soon adopted by governments, universities, and rival companies, its DNA proved as distinct as it was world-changing, and it led to the birth of GE in Schenectady, New York, in April

1892. Over the following 131 years, that idea factory bloomed into a global company powered by teams of people who theorize, experiment, and put their results directly into commerce on a daily basis, pursuing real-world impact with a kind of optimistic humility. While much has changed since GE’s founding, its leaders now bring this same grounded ethos to technologies ranging from increasingly efficient jet engines to lower-carbon power plants, super-powerful wind turbines, and integrated, self-repairing digital grids.

In 2024, the current incarnation of GE will branch into two independent public companies: GE Aerospace and GE Vernova. As standalone entities, both will be better aligned and more focused, providing optimal lab conditions in which GE’s legacy — and its future — will be secured by ongoing generations of innovators like the ones highlighted below, as they transform and sustain a world Edison illuminated well over a century ago.

Catching Wind

At GE Vernova, one team is already bringing a powerful, real-world dedication to the world of wind energy. Partnering with the MIT-formed wind turbine tower manufacturing startup Keystone Tower Systems, GE Renewable Energy’s Onshore Wind “towers team” — including Technical Leader Greg Cooper, Senior Product Manager Neil Eveld, and Senior Sourcing Manager for North America Towers Carlos Roman — worked with Keystone to commercialize its spiral-welding tower technology and make the fabrication process more efficient.The process renders the same intricacies found in the construction of a paper straw, instead using the spiral-welded technology to build wind turbine towers with meters-wide steel, tapered and in variable lengths. The first one went into operation at a GE customer site this past October in Minnesota.

Greg Cooper and Eric SmithGreg Cooper, tower technical leader at GE Renewable Energy, and Eric Smith, founder and former CEO of Keystone Tower Systems. Credit: GE Renewable Energy. Top: Thomas Edison and legendary GE engineer Charles Steinmetz examine pieces of wood and porcelain insulators damaged by Steinmetz’s million-volt lightning generator during Edison’s visit to Schenectady. Credit: Museum of Innovation and Science Schenectady.

Keystone referred to this process as the “automation of an art,” says Cooper, 46, “because there’s an art form to getting these towers right.” An engineering organizer at GE for 23 years, based at GE’s Schenectady mother ship, Cooper explains that this partnership is beneficial to both parties: “Now we have much better insight into this specific manufacturing process, and really understand what we’re getting.”

Just as Edison set out to improve existing solutions, the towers team pursues small improvements in ground-floor technology — charting the course for the industry alongside a broad team of GE colleagues, including design engineers, chief engineers, managers, and executives. All have made contributions to the effort with operational success in mind: “These tower innovations are a step in the evolution of an entire technology that we’re helping develop,” Cooper adds.

The collaborative partnership between Keystone and GE brings matched dedication and shared goals for the future as they work to automate the manufacturing process to build bigger — better, and faster. “This may look like just another tower supplier,” says Cooper, “but as we improve the technology, we’ll unlock other benefits; we’ll eliminate trucks and improve logistics, reduce costs for turbine fleets across the country, and contribute to larger sustainability goals.” Taller, higher-yield onshore wind turbines will become a possibility for vastly more customers, without compromising quality.

Eveld, 32, didn’t show up for his first day with a passion for sustainability. “When you’re coming out of undergrad, it’s more like ‘GE! They make cool things!’” says the Chicago-based product manager. “As I worked through different roles within GE, I found what I’m passionate about and what’s important.” Eveld now aligns with both Cooper and the Greenville, South Carolina–based Roman, 34, whose yen to figure out innovative new ways to reduce carbon output sparked his interest in renewable energy systems.

Edison’s foundational focus on real-world impact forms a similar future-oriented pragmatism in the leaders of the towers team and the engineering organization that they are a part of. While they work to extend customers’ reach into the sky, this team’s feet are planted firmly on the ground. “The future of energy is so much more complex than most people understand,” Eveld says. “And I think GE Vernova is positioned to be a real player in all its systems, with an emphasis on sustainability, both now and into the future.”

Internal Combustion

More than a century after Edison built his Menlo Park factory, and nearly 900 miles from there, high school junior Jamielee Buenemann

Continued Page 22

Continued From Page 19 set up her own R&D facility in the backyard of her parents’ Missouri house. Eager to apply her innate passion for problem-solving to her burgeoning interest in renewable energy, she gathered up some PVC pipes and old conveyor-belt motors and set to work building a wind turbine — an experiment that was partly about wind energy and partly about herself.

“Honestly, I was hoping to figure out whether I truly liked engineering, outside of just the math and science classes you’re taking in high school,” says Buenemann, 26. “And like I’m sure a lot of engineers do, once I started down the process, I kind of got addicted to working through the problems.”

This addiction, certainly the best kind to have, led Buenemann to a co-op at GE Aerospace and the Edison Engineering Development Program. After completing the Edison program, the Ohio State University graduate continued building her own technical depth while developing leadership skills, and now she represents a bold new chapter in GE’s odyssey.

“I love the community here and the overall atmosphere of continuing education and learning,” Buenemann says. “I find we’re always trying to improve at every level of the company. GE Aerospace invests in its employees, and I really saw that during my co-op.” Through this and other co-ops, Buenemann

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The path from a DIY wind turbine to a megawatt-class, multi-kilovolt hybrid electric propulsion system is less circuitous than it might seem. Like the GE Vernova spiral-welded tower team, Buenemann and her team have a goal of reducing CO2 emissions. That’s why NASA and Boeing have teamed with GE Aerospace to tackle hybrid electric commercial flight through the Electrified Powertrain Flight Demonstration project. What motivates her to get out of bed each morning is knowing her team is advancing technology that will have an impact decades down the road.

Indeed, 131 years on, GE is poised to take another major leap in its constant pursuit of innovation. Heading into the planned separation early next year, each company will remain laser-focused on its mission — to invent the future of flight and lead the energy transition. At GE Aerospace, the team is intent on meeting an unprecedented ramp in engine production as travelers return to the skies, delivering critical capabilities to the next generation of U.S. military aircraft, and developing more sustainable technologies that will push the airline industry to new heights. And with electric power generation needs projected to grow 50% by 2040, and interest in new decarbonization technologies on the upswing, GE Vernova is uniquely positioned to work with its customers to supply more sustainable, affordable, reliable, and secure solutions for years to come.

GE’s ultimate goal is to create a world that works.With the help of curious, tireless innovators like Cooper, Evald, Roman, and Buenemann, it’s set to do that well into the future.

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International Travel Demand Is Growing At Twice The Domestic Rate, According To United Airlines Executives.

By Ben Miller

In a quarter when the airline announced a $256 million pre-tax loss, executives at United Airlines were quick to point out the positive things it sees on the horizon.

The Chicago-based carrier (Nasdaq: UAL) on Tuesday reported firstquarter revenues increased more than 51% to $11.4 billion from $7.6 billion a year earlier and announced an adjusted loss per share of 63 cents per share, an 85% improvement from a first-quarter 2022 loss of $4.24 per share.

Looking ahead, United said that it should report positive earnings per share of between $3.50 and $4 for the second quarter, and earnings of between $10 and $12 for the fiscal year.

That’s because United said it sees strong international travel demand in the second quarter and beyond.

“Demand remains strong, especially internationally, where we are growing at twice the domestic rate,” said CEO Scott Kirby, in a statement.

International travel demand caused United to add new direct flights from Los Angeles to Brisbane, Australia, and Auckland, New Zealand, as well as increasing flights from San Francisco to the area in what the airline called this week the “largest South Pacific expansion in aviation history.”

The South Pacific flight additions come after United said earlier this month that it’s adding more than a hundred international flights this summer from several U.S. markets, including Chicago, Los Angeles and NewYork.

And in February, United said it signed a new enhanced transborder agreement with Air Canada that will see the two airlines adding more flights at important hubs such as Chicago, Newark and Los Angeles.