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FEBRUARY 2018
AN INDEPENDENT VOICE FOR THE REGION’S PSYCHOLOGISTS
Psychological interventions can be helpful in navigating life transitions By Phyllis Hanlon sychological interventions can help ease life’s transitions – everything from positive events like marriage, a new baby or career advancement to more dire situations such as divorce, chronic illness, injury or the death of a loved one. Emily Mohr, Ph.D, defines life transition as anything that shifts someone’s sense of self or identity that is not temporary, but happens because of the passage of time.” Mohr, public education coordinator for the Massachusetts Psychological Association (MPA), southern regional representative for the MPA Board of Directors and practitioner at Child & Family Psychological Services, PLLC, in Weymouth, Massachusetts noted, “Both happy and unhappy events can prompt psychological distress,
Sarah N. Gray, Psy.D., counsels patients with chronic pain and serious illnesses and injuries.
around just how complicated all these things are. It would go a long way in helping people not feel so distressed.” Mohr added, “In any life transition situation, there are stressors that can cause
“Normalizing is an important part of therapy. Those going through life transitions have to realize it doesn’t feel great all the time.” Emily Mohr, Ph.D., public education coordinator for Massachusetts Psychological Association although responses differ from one person to another.” “There are societal expectations with a positive event, [but] anything that exposes you to uncertainty carries the risk of threat. The threat comes mostly from the risk of failure, social disapproval or loss of social status,” Mohr said. “It would be really lovely if our culture and society, in general, did a better job of not pigeonholing events into happy, sad, etc. We should have regular cultural conversations
depression, anxiety, changes in mood, increased irritability and reduced energy and motivation.” Some individuals might experience interruptions to sleep and social functioning or, more seriously, active or passive suicidal thoughts. “Normalizing is an important part of therapy. Those going through life transitions have to realize it doesn’t feel great all the time,” Mohr said. Mohr uses cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to help
manage change and explicitly asks clients to sets specific goals. “I write a treatment plan that we can reflect back on. This blueprint keeps sessions on track and provides a framework to stay on topic.” For some, college represents an exciting new chapter in life, but can be offset by adjustment challenges. Julie L. Quimby, Ph.D, founder and director of Psychology Specialists of Maine in Brunswick, understands intimately the issues that college students can face. She cited the unique perception of loneliness as “a critical moderating factor” that students can mitigate by creating friendships and connections early in their college career. “We recognize that college is a big transition. There can be a sense of loss of friendships, uncertainty in a new environment. We help students anticipate changes, provide support and help navigate ways to get more help,” Quimby said. High-achieving students might experience “the imposter syndrome” as they now compete against others with similar academic records. “Their identity might have been attached to being at the top of the class,” Quimby said. “Fear of losing that standing is anxiety provoking.” Well-intentioned parents can also contribute to college students’ transitional anxiety. “Some students lean on the parents a lot. We help [parents] learn how to be responsive. This can add a layer of complexity,” she said, emphasizing that students who seek counseling throughout college tend to fare better and can anticipate upcoming challenges. Whether college bound or not, some individuals between the ages of 18 and 29 face a number of challenges, Continued on Page 9
VOL. 26, NO. 1
Child mental health services continue to lag in New England By Janine Weisman o clinician would dispute using the word “crisis” to describe the reality that, despite greater public awareness about mental disorders in youth, many young people with severe mental disorders never receive the specialty mental health care they need. “I think there has been a crisis for some time,” said Robert P. Franks, Ph.D., president and chief executive officer of the Judge Baker Children’s Center (JBCC) in Boston and a member of the American Psychological Association’s Board of Professional Affairs. “Most estimates are that only 20 to 40 percent of kids that need mental health services get them.” As many as one in five children in the U.S. experience a mental disorder in a given year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The percentage who received treatment in 2008 was 68.9 percent, according to Healthy People 2020, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services plan launched in 2010 that set health promotion and disease prevention goals for this decade. One goal is a 10 percent increase in kids receiving treatment by 2020 to 75.8 percent. So far things look promising. The year 2015 saw the
percentage of children who needed mental health services and received them rise to 75.4, according to Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration data. The figure has been a moving target, rising to 71.6 percent in 2011, dipping to 69.8 in 2012 and then rising again to 70.4 in 2013 and then 70.8 in 2014. (The data show more boys received treatment in 2015, 76.8 percent compared to 73.1 percent. Also, 77.5 percent of white children but only 61.7 percent of black children who needed services were treated). But the numbers are going in the opposite direction when it comes to reducing the proportion of 12- to 17-year-olds experiencing a major depressive episode in the past year. Healthy People 2020 sought to reduce the 2008 benchmark of 8.3 youths per 100,000 in this age group to 7.5 by 2020. Instead, the figure was 9.1 in 2012 and continued rising each year to 12.5 in 2015. (A state-level breakdown of this category shows Rhode Island at 13.5 was the only New England state exceeding the national average). There is also bad news for the goal of reducing suicide attempts by adolescents. The plan sought to decrease attempts from 1.9 per 100,000 in 2009 to a target goal of 1.7. Instead, the rate rose to 2.8 Continued on Page 9
INSIDE
Psychologists grapple with issues of racism, diversity in therapy..................Page 5 Grants to NAMI Rhode Island fund youth programs.................................Page 7 CE listings.................................................Page 10