Focus

Summer 2018

Black & White

FEATURING MASTERS OF BLACK AND WHITE PHOTOGRAPHY

Capturing Time

1 HOW PHOTOGRAPHY WAS CREATED

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Teens who text while driving spend 10% of the time outside their lane.

Five seconds is the minimal amount of attention that a driver who texts takes away from the road.

19% of drivers of all ages admit to surfing the web while driving.

According to AT&T’s Teen Driving Survey, 97% of teens agree that texting while driving is dangerous, yet 43% do it anyway

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Texting makes a crash up to 23 times more likely.

43 states, plus D.C., prohibit all drivers from texting.

According to 77% of teens, adults tell them not to text or email while driving, yet adults do it themselves “all the time”

40% of teens say that they have been in a car when the driver used a cell phone.

According to CTLA. org, in the month of June 2011, more than 196 billion text messages were sent or received in the United States, up almost 50% from June 2009 If traveling at 55mph, this equals driving the length of a football field without looking at the road.

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Masthead

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Letter From The Editor

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Jumble

The News and The Food

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The Basics

The Essentials in Camera Equipment

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The Summer Issue

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Capturing Time

The Men Who Created Photography

On the Cover: George Lois Photograph By : Platon

Black & White

The Masters of Black & White Photography 5

Editor in Chief Natalie Lukaszewski Art Director Natalie Lukaszewski Editors

Production

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Anita Carroll Samantha DiMinno Eric Partida Tom Earl Keely Bugsch Sophia Le Mark Carroll Naomi Naganuma Carol Donahue Ella Basco Kaylee Carter

Research

Sue Bowen Patti McNeely Joe Fisher Josh Elliston

Administration

Kendall Bulda Jesenia Gold Jake Weber

To My Readers, I have always loved photography; in a way I was born into it. Both of my grandfathers were photographers. My paternal grandfather was a photographer gor the military and worked in camera shop. My maternal grandfather was not a professional, but he owned many cameras and photogaphed everything. My grandfathers taught my parents the art of photography, and then my parents taught me. I have so many memories of my dad showing me how to properly frame a photo, hold the camera, and to always be aware of my lighting.

When we went out somewhere like an amusement park or the zoo, my dad would give me suggestions on camera angles and composition. He always encouraged me to find the most interesting angle or clever framing. When we got home, he would put our photos on the tv or computer and analyze our photos. Eventually, in high school I got the opprotunity to take a photography class. I suddenly had a whole new perspective of photography. I could now do things with photos that I couldn’t before. I fell inlove with different styles and techniques that helped me find my own style of photography. After high school my parents surprised me with my own camera which I still have today.

Photography has always been a part of my life and it always will be. I love to take photos that really capture a specific moment. This is why I created this magazine. I hope you enjoy these photos as much as I do.

Sincerely, Natalie Lukaszewski

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THE NEWS

thick and thin and they’re the best at keeping secrets.

cheeseburger itself but the journey ain’t half bad either.

Headline

Cheeseburgers know that what you want can also be what you need. Whether it’s dressed up or informal, cheeseburgers have your back.

Sometimes we lose sight of what really matters in life.

There’s something to be said for a gourmet brie and truffle burger paired with parmesan frites, but don’t let that make you forget about the ol’ faithful with American cheddar and a squishy bun.

Headline

Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around our mouth no matter what. You fall in love with the cheeseburger itself but the journey ain’t half bad either.

They’re the childhood friend that knows your highest highs and lowest lows. Whether it’s dressed up or informal, cheeseburgers have your back.

Headline

Pop quiz: what’s the greatest thing to happen to your mind, body, and soul in recent history?

Cheeseburgers know that what you want can also be what you need.

Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around our mouth no matter what.

They’re the childhood friend that knows your highest highs and lowest lows. They’ve been with you through

Pop quiz: what’s the greatest thing to happen to your mind, body, and soul in recent history? A cheeseburger, obviously.

Headline

Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around our mouth no matter what. You fall in love with the

Headline

Pop quiz: what’s the greatest thing to happen to your mind, body, and soul in recent history? Cheeseburgers know that what you want can also be what you need.

Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around our mouth no matter what.

They’re the childhood friend that knows your highest highs and lowest lows. They’ve been with you through thick and thin and they’re the best at keeping secrets.

Headline

Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around our mouth no matter what.

They’re the childhood friend that knows your highest highs and lowest lows. Whether it’s dressed up or informal, cheeseburgers have your back.

Headline

Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around

our mouth no matter what.

They’re the childhood friend that knows your highest highs and lowest lows. Whether it’s dressed up or informal, cheeseburgers have your back.

Headline

Pop quiz: what’s the greatest thing to happen to your mind, body, and soul in recent history? Cheeseburgers know that what you want can also be what you need.

Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around our mouth no matter what.

Headline

There’s something to be said for a gourmet brie and truffle burger paired with parmesan frites, but don’t let that make you forget about the ol’ faithful with American cheddar and a squishy bun.

Obviously, the cheeseburger is the best 9 thing to ever happen.

Photos by: Natalie Lukaszewski

THE FOOD

Headline

The Before & After 10

Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around our mouth no matter what. You fall in love with the cheeseburger itself but the journey ain’t half bad either. They’re the childhood friend that knows your highest highs and lowest lows. Whether it’s dressed up or informal, cheeseburgers have your back.Pop quiz: what’s the greatest thing to happen to your mind, body, and soul in recent history?

Cheeseburgers know that what you want can also be what you need. Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around our mouth no matter what. They’re the childhood friend that knows your highest highs and lowest lows. They’ve been with you through thick and thin and they’re the best at keeping secrets.

They’re the childhood friend that knows your highest highs and lowest lows. Whether it’s dressed up or informal, cheeseburgers have your back.

Pop quiz: what’s the greatest thing to happen to your mind, body, and soul in recent history? Cheeseburgers know that what you want can also be what you need. Epic cheeseburgers come in all kinds of manifestations, but we want them in and around our mouth no matter what. They’re the childhood friend that knows your highest highs and lowest lows. They’ve been with you through thick and thin and they’re the best at keeping secrets.

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Hoods

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Camera

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Lenses

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Spicy jalapeno bacon ipsum dolor amet ball tip picanha kielbasa pork short loin, beef ribs swine.

Camera Bag

Spicy jalapeno bacon ipsum dolor amet ball tip picanha kielbasa pork short loin, beef ribs swine.

Filters

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Tripod

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Sylvester Stallone Photographed by Platon

Three masters of the stark and yet beautiful world of black and white photography, Ansel Adams, Vivian Maier, and Platon, show us their world.

Their house is a museum where people come to see ‘em. They really are a scream the Addams Family. Boy the way Glen Miller played. Songs that made the hit parade. Guys like us we had it made. Movin’ on up to the east side. We finally got a piece of the pie. Takin’ a break from all your worries sure would help a lot. In a freak mishap Ranger 3 and its pilot Captain William Buck Rogers are blown out of their trajectory into an orbit which freezes his life support systems and returns Buck Rogers to Earth five-hundred years later. Now the world don’t move to the beat of just one drum. What might be right for you may not be right for some. Knight Rider:

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ANSEL EASTON ADAMS WAS AN AMERICAN LANDSCAPE PHOTOGRAPHER AND ENVIRONMENTALIST. HIS BLACK AND WHITE IMAGES OF THE AMERICAN WEST, ESPECIALLY YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK HAVE BEEN WIDELY REPRODUCED. Their house is a museum where people come to see ‘em. They really are a scream the Addams Family. Boy the way Glen Miller played. Songs that made the hit parade. Guys like us we had it made. Those were the days. Well we’re movin’ on up to the east side to a deluxe apartment in the sky. Movin’ on up to the east side. We nally got a piece of the pie. Come and listen to a story about a man named Jed - a poor mountaineer barely kept his family fed. Makin’ your way in the world today takes everything you’ve got. Takin’ a break from all your worries sure would help

that’s where we meet. Can you tell me how to get how to get to Sesame Street.

Their house is a museum where people come to see ‘em.

Songs that made the hit parade. Guys like us we had it made.

Those were the days. Well we’re movin’ on up to the east side to a deluxe apartment in the sky. Movin’ on up to the east side. We nally got a piece of the pie. Come and listen to a story about a man named Jed - a poor mountaineer barely kept his family fed. Makin’ your way in the world today takes everything you’ve got. Takin’

a lot. In a freak mishap Ranger 3 and its pilot Captain William Buck Rogers are blown out of their trajectory into an orbit which freezes his life support systems and returns Buck Rogers to Earth ve-hundred years later. Now the world don’t move to the beat of just one drum. What might be right for you may not be right for some. Knight Rider: A shadowy ight into the dangerous world of a man who does not exist. Here’s the story of a man named Brady who was busy with three boys of his own.

Come and play. Everything’s A-OK. Friendly neighbors there

a break from all your worries sure would help a lot. In a freak mishap Ranger 3 and its pilot Captain William Buck Rogers are blown out of their trajectory into an orbit which freezes his life support systems and returns Buck Rogers to Earth ve-hundred years later. Now the world don’t move to the beat of just one drum. What might be right for you may not be right for some.

Knight Rider: A shadowy ight into the dangerous world of a man who does not exist. Here’s the story of a man named Brady who was busy with three boys of his own. Everything’s A-OK.

Vernal Fall 1948

Sand Dunes, Sunrise Death Valley National Park, Ca. 1948

Roots, Foster Gardens 1948

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Winter Sunrise, Sierra Nevada from Lone Pine 1944

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NANNY AND STREET PHOTOGRAPHER. MAIER WORKED FOR ABOUT FORTY YEARS, MOSTLY IN CHICAGO’S NORTH SHORE, PURSUING PHOTOGRAPHY DURING HER SPARE TIME.

Their house is a museum where people come to see ‘em. They really are a scream the Addams Family. Boy the way Glen Miller played. Songs that made the hit parade. Guys like us we had it made. Those were the days. Well we’re movin’ on up to the east side to a deluxe apartment in the sky. Movin’ on up to the east side. We nally got a piece of the pie. Come and listen to a story about a man named Jed - a poor mountaineer barely kept his family fed. Makin’ your way in the world today takes everything you’ve got. Takin’ a break from all your worries sure would help a lot. In a freak mishap Ranger 3 and its pilot Captain William Buck Rogers are blown out of their trajectory into an orbit which freezes his life support systems and returns Buck Rogers to Earth ve-hundred years later. Now the world don’t move to the beat of just one drum. What might be right for you may not be right for some. Knight Rider: A shadowy ight into the dangerous world of a man who does not exist. Here’s the story of a man named Brady who was busy with three boys of his own. Come and play. Everything’s A-OK. Friendly neighbors there that’s where we meet. Can you tell me how to get how to get to Sesame Street.

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Undated

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July 27, 1954 New York, Ny

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1954 New York, Ny

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New York, NY

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PLATON IS A BRITISH PHOTOGRAPHER WHO HAS TAKEN PORTRAITS OF MANY PRESIDENTS AND WELL KNOWN WORLD FIGURES. Their house is a museum where people come to see ‘em. They really are a scream the Addams Family. Boy the way Glen Miller played. Songs that made the hit parade. Guys like us we had it made. Those were the days. Well we’re movin’ on up to the east side to a deluxe apartment in the sky. Movin’ on up to the east side. We nally got a piece of the pie. Come and listen to a story about a man named Jed - a poor mountaineer barely kept his family fed. Makin’ your way in the world today takes everything you’ve got. Takin’ a break from all your worries sure would help a lot. In a freak mishap Ranger 3 and its pilot Captain William Buck Rogers are blown out of their trajectory into an orbit which freezes his life support systems and returns Buck Rogers to Earth ve-hundred years later. Now the world don’t move to the beat of just one drum. What might be right for you may not be right for some. Knight Rider: A shadowy ight into the dangerous world of a man who does not exist. Here’s the story of a man named Brady who was busy with three boys of his own.

Come and play. Everything’s A-OK. Friendly neighbors there that’s where we meet. Can you tell me how to get how to get to Sesame Street.

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Their house is a museum where people come to see ‘em.

Songs that made the hit parade. Guys like us we had it made.

Those were the days. Well we’re movin’ on up to the east side to a deluxe apartment in the sky. Movin’ on up to the east side.

We nally got a piece of the pie. Come and listen to a story about a man named Jed - a poor mountaineer barely kept his family fed. Makin’ your way in the world today takes everything you’ve got. Takin’ a break from all your worries sure would help a lot.

In a freak mishap Ranger 3 and its pilot Captain William Buck Rogers are blown out of their trajectory into an orbit which freezes his life support systems and returns Buck Rogers to Earth ve-hundred years later. Now the world don’t move to the beat of just one drum. What might be right for you may not be right for some. Knight Rider: A shadowy ight into the dangerous world of a man who does not exist. Here’s the story of a man named Brady who was busy with three boys of his own. Come and play.

Everything’s A-OK. Friendly neighbors there that’s where we meet. Can you tell me how to get how to get to Sesame Street. Their house is a museum where people come to see ‘em.

The People’s Portfolio is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that uses multi-media storytelling, by artist Platon, to document humanitarian efforts around the globe and to humanize important statistics. We share our portfolios with a global audience to provide viewers with a powerful personal connection to matters of pressing concern. Our portfolios highlight both individuals and the larger causes they represent, and are designed as tools to encourage the general public, and those who hold power, to take action.

The goal of The People’s Portfolio is to give emerging human rights defenders an enhanced platform of leadership. Collaborating with NGO partners and advocacy organizations, we select important social and civil issues that urgently need awareness.

We then create compelling visual advocacy that: -enhances the capacity of NGOs to reach mainstream audiences with dynamic, non-partisan storytelling -frames human rights defenders as inspirational global leaders -propels important issue advocacy into mainstream media at key moments.

Partnership is an essential component of our strategy.

To date, we’ve produced portfolios in collaboration with Human Rights Watch, The New Yorker, The National Center for Civil and Human Rights, TIME, Physicians for Human Rights, Panzi Hospital, Netflix, ExxonMobil and The UN Foundation.

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Adele

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George Lois

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THE MEN WHO CREATED PHOTOGRAPHY Travel through time and learn about how light and a tiny hole in a wall turned into the cameras we know and love today.

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Thornton-Pickard England, Late 19th Century

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John Herschell Nicéphore Niépce and Daguerre

The first photographic process — heliography — was invented around 1824 by Nicéphore Niépce. Images were obtained with bitumen of Judea spread on a silver plate after an exposure time of several days.

In 1829, Niépce associated Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre to his research.

1824

1832

Hippolyte Bayard

In July 1839, another Frenchman, Hippolyte Bayard, discovered the way to obtain positive images directly on paper. A sheet of paper covered with silver chloride was blackened by light, then exposed in a camera obscura after having been sensitized in silver iodide.

The exposure time was from 30 minutes to 2 hours.

1839

In 1832, they put the last touches, using a residue of lavender oil distillation, by means of a second process producing images in a one day exposure time.

In 1833, Niépce died, and Daguerre invented, in 1838, on his own the daguerreotype, the first process including a development stage. A silver plate coated with a very thin silver iodide layer was exposed in a camera obscura, then exposed to mercury vapors that induced the apparition of the invisible latent image that had been formed during the exposure to light. This development was in fact such an amplification of the effect of light that the exposure time was hardly more than 30 minutes. Fixing was done by immersing the plate in sea salted water.

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We owe to John Herschell the discovery, in 1839, of the way to fix images by dipping them in a sodium hyposulfite bath, which is still used today as the main component of photographic fix-baths.

The main advantages of the calotype were the easiness with which one could manipulate the paper prints and the possibility of multi-printing. On the other hand, the sharpness, limited by the fibers in the negative paper, could not compete with the daguerreotype.

William Henry Fox Talbot

Still in 1839 , the announcement of the daguerreotype invention incited an Englishman, William Henry Fox Talbot, to resume interrupted research, the beginning of which was in 1834. In 1841, he patented the calotype, the first negative-positive process that made it possible to multiply the same image, by means of an intermediate negative on a silver chloride paper made translucid with wax. As for the daguerreotype, the latent image was developed by a chemical agent, the developer: a solution of gallic acid and silver nitate. A second sheet of paper also covered with silver chloride was then exposed through the translucid negative, to give the final positive.

Hippolyte Fizeau

To reduce further the exposure time , short focal lenses were created , letting more light in the camera , however keeping the sharpness on the whole image . In 1841 , the physicist Fizeau replaced silver iodide by silver bromide, the sensibility of which to light was far superior . Time exposures of barely a few seconds were needed to obtain a daguerreotype and so it became possible to do portraits.

1841

Scott Archer

In 1851, an Englishman named Scott Archer replaced albumen by collodion, the base of which is guncotton (cellulose nitrate). The black and white images obtained with this process reached a quality unknown until then. The only drawbacks were that the picture had to be taken while the collodion on the plate was still humid and the developement had to happen immediatly after the exposure.

1841

Abel NiĂŠpce de Saint-Victor

To improve the calotype negative transparency, Abel NiĂŠpce de Saint-Victor had the idea, in 1847, to replace paper with glass. So that the silver bromide adhered to glass, he mixed it with albumen (egg white). Even though a bit too contrasty, the images then became much sharper, forcing opticians to work on higher definition lenses.

1851

Georges Eastman

The American George Eastman, Kodak founder, conceived, in 1888, the idea of the supple base.

Glass plates were progressively replaced by celluloid rolls.

1888

1871

Richard Maddox and Charles Bennet

In 1871, another Englishman, Richard Meaddox, resolved this problem by replacing collodion by gelatin, a process perfected by Charles Bennet, who demonstrated that gelatinized plates acquired a high sensitivity when they were kept for a few days at 32° Celsius.

Not only could the gelatino-bromide plates be stored before use, but their sensitivity was such that the exposure time could not exceed a fraction of a second.

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