Pyrovalerone Pyrovalerone

Natalia Fijas, Student pharmacist common Names

Bath salts

Ivory wave

Vanilla sky

Energy-1

MDPV https://www.google.com/url? sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aacc.org%2Fcln%2Farticles

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FALL 2022

Structure of Pyrovalerone

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Mechanism of Action

Pyrovalerone is a synthetic cathinone. Cathinones act by inhibiting dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transporters in the central nervous system. As a result, extracellular concentrations of these neurotransmitters are increased leading to increased activity of them.

History of Drug Abuse

The class of this drug, cathinone, was discovered in the 18th century as a stimulant alkaloid located in the leaves of the khat bush. It used to be commonly consumed in teas. Substances within this drug class were not seen to be abused until the early 21st century when people began to sell them on internet sites as "legal alternatives" to MDMA.

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how is it used?

Laws about Pyrovalerone

In 2012, the DEA classified substances found in bath salts, including pyrovalerone, as Schedule I controlled substances. This means there is no legally defined medical use for pyrovalerone and that it has a high potential for abuse.

Drug Screening for pyrovalerone

Interactions with prescription Medications

The class of drugs pyrovalerone lands under, cathinones, has an overlapping metabolic pathway with antidepressants and ADHD medications. When combined, cathinones can increase the serum concentrations of these medications.

https://www.forbes.com/site s/melaniehaiken/2012/06/04 /bath-salts-a-deadly-newdrug-with-a-deceptivelyinnocent-name/? sh=77c0a4d1121e

Professional Opinion

Pyrovalerone is a complex drug with a high risk for abuse. It is interesting to see how it used to be tried to be sold as a legal alternative to MDMA but shortly after was defined as a Schedule I controlled substance with no medical use. I believe the government has taken the necessary steps and percautions to ensure the safety of people and hopefully prevent the use of this drug. ~N.

Fijas

SYmptoms to watch for

references:

Drug Enforcement Administration. 3,4-Methylendioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). 2019.

Bauman MH, Bukhari MO, Lehner KR, et al. Neuropharmacology of 3,4Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), Its Metabolites, and Related Analogs. Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2017;32:93-117. doi:10.1007/7854_2016_53.

Souders CL, Davis RH, Qing H, et al. The psychoactive cathinone derivative pyrovalerone alters locomotor activity and decreases dopamine receptor expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Brain Behav. 2019;9(11). doi:10.1002/brb3.

Karila L, Megarbane B, Cottencin O, et al. Synthetic Cathinones: A New Public Health Problem. Current Neuropharmacology. 2015;13(1):12-20. doi:10.2174/1570159X13666141210224137

5.Pucky M. Bath Salts Drug. Drugs.com. Updated May 19, 2022. Accessed October 13, 2022. https://www.drugs.com/illicit/bathsalts.html

6.Erowid. MDPV Legal Status. The Vaults of Erowid. Accessed October 13, 2022. https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/mdpv/mdpv_law.shtml

7.Lindsay Glicksberg, Kelsie Bryand, Sarah Kerrigan. Identification and quantification of synthetic cathinones in blood and urine using liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time of flight (LC-Q/TOF) mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B. 2016;1035:91103.