Residence Passive Analysis and Retrofits by Jiahua Wu

Residence Passive Analyse and Retrofits 5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh, PA 2022 Fall

jiahuaw@andrew.cmu.edu

Jiahua Wu

01 Site Context Pittsburgh climate analysis CONTENT 02 Site Analysis Site analysis for 5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsbrgh, PA 03 Climate Priority Passive redesign of the house 06 RemRate simulation Home energy modelling, calibration with RemRate 07 Retrofits Retrofits and payback, including solaring the house 04 Heat loss calculation Building heat loss coefficients UA 05 Total energy loss Exisiting building peak, monthly and annual calculation

CHAPTER 01 Site Context Pittsburgh climate analysis 02 Site Analysis Site analysis for 5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsbrgh, PA 03 Climate Priority Passive redesign of the house 06 RemRate simulation Home energy modelling, calibration with RemRate 07 Retrofits Retro ts and payback, including solaring the house 04 Heat loss calculation Building heat loss coef cients UA 05 Total energy loss Exisiting building peak, monthly and annual calculation

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsbrgh,

A single family house with a detached garage. Floor area: 1356 sqft

The building is located in the high dense urban context and very close to its neighbors.

There are two large trees grow on the south and southeast of the house which block the wind in winter to some extent.w

The public spaces, kitchen, living room. and dinning room all are on the rst floor. All the bedrooms are located on the second floor with a shared full bathroom.

The 2 storage house has an unconditioned basement.

The exterior wall is built of double layered brick with an air space in the middle and no insulation.

Occupancy: the house is rented to three students integrately for two whole years.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh SITE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION Page 2 LOCATION & DESCRIPTION

December June

PSYCHROMETRIC CHART

Due to the winter weather in Pittsburgh is cold and dry, in order to create a comfortable internal environment, the building must provide shelter against wind on west and southwest directions to avoid wind flows through the house. But it is also relevant to note that those wind will be an asset in summer since it is wet and hot, thus the shelter should be operable in order to accelerate air ows in hot weather.

Ventilation can provide a comfort environment for 10.8% of a year. Creating opennings on the west and southwest facade durign the summer months can accelerate the wind to pass through the space. With the faster air speed, it will create a natural cool space.

According to the psychrometric chart, we can know that the most important factor in Pittsbuigh to keep a internal comfort level is internal heat gain. Secondly, passive solar direct gain is the second impact factor. In addition, ventilation also affect thermal comfort.

Cold winter is a liability for comfortable level. During the typical month of December, the temperature will drop below 32 degrees F. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance air tightness and improve the insulation of the wall

Passive solar direct gian can provide a comfort for 14% of a year. It is important to take advantage of summer sun and ensure the building gets much solar radiation from the facade towards south, southwest and southeast.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh PITTSBURGH CLIMATE ANALYSIS Page 3

CLIMATE WIND DIRECTION

WIND ASSETS LIABILITY WIND WINTERSUMMER SUN SUN RH RH TEMP TEMP 1 2 4 5 6 3

English Yew

Deciduous Tree

Tree Crown :3m

Tree Hight:8m

American sycamore

Deciduous Tree

Tree crown :5m

Tree Hight:10m

Maple Tree

Deciduous tree

Tree crown :4.5m

Tree Hight:10m

American sycamore

Deciduous Tree

Tree crown :12m

Tree Hight:15m

Maple Tree

Deciduous tree

Tree crown :10m

Tree Hight:15m

Legend

Deciduous tree

Evergreen

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh SITE ANALYSIS OF 5875 BARTLETT STREET Page 5

Southeast Axon

PLAN AND AXON +0.0M - Site Plane Ground oor plan with a porch and back yard to connect with nature. +0.0M PLAN LEVEL 0M - GROUND FLOOR 0125M 0.000M -1.200M -1.200M -1.800M 348 349 350 351 351 350 349 348 346 347

Southwest Axon Northeast Axon SITE

WINTER SHADOW & WIND

In the winter shadow and wind diagrams, the shadow becomes much more drastic due to the low altitude. The whole back yard is blocked by the houses during a whole day. However, direct sunlight is available at the front lawn and porch because of the decidious trees become barren in the winter. As for the interior daylight, all the rooms is deprived of direct sunlight due to the roof above the front door blocks the sun.

In terms of wind, the barren trees cannot provide a solid amount of wind resistance, therefore the house suffers from cold wind in winter.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh SITE ANALYSIS OF 5875 BARTLETT STREET Page 6 +0.0M - Site Plane Winter shadow and wind +0.0M PLAN LEVEL 0M - GROUND FLOOR 0125M

SUMMER SHADOW & WIND

In the summer shadow and wind diagrams, the front lawn and porch can be blocked by the America sycamore and maple tree in front of the house which is beneficial to the indoor temperature in hot days. The dining area is able to enjoy some amount of sunlight in the morning, however, the living room is shaded by the front door roof, and the kitchen is only able to receive some indirect light from the north.

In terms of wind, the tall trees resist from the wind comes from southwestern, which has a negative impact on interior temperature and ventilation.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh SITE ANALYSIS OF 5875 BARTLETT STREET Page 7 +0.0M - Site Plane Summer shadow and wind. +0.0M PLAN LEVEL 0M - GROUND FLOOR 0125M

SITE DRAINAGE

In the drainage diagram, the arrows are pointing in the north and southwest direction due to the steep slope of squirrel hill region.

The slope make the site an ideal area for living, this is because the rainwater enters the site will continue to flow north and southwest and won't build up.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh SITE ANALYSIS OF 5875 BARTLETT STREET Page 8 +0.0M - Site Plane Summer shadow and wind. +0.0M PLAN LEVEL 0M - GROUND FLOOR 0125M

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh SITE ANALYSIS OF 5875 BARTLETT STREET Page 9 +0.0M - Ground Floor Plane +3.0M - Second Floor Plane -2.4M - Underground Floor Plane Public space: Living room, dining room, kitchen and half bathroomThree Bedrooms and a full bathroom A basement with laudrary space +0.0M +3.0M -2.4M PLAN LEVEL 0M - GROUND FLOOR PLAN LEVEL 3M - SECOND FLOOR PLAN LEVEL -2.4M - BASEMENT FLOOR 0 0 0 1 1 1 2M 2M 2M

HOUSE PLANS

DESIGN PRIORITIES & EXCEL DOCUMENT

Pittsburgh experiences long cold winter days, this makes winter wind a huge liabiltiy and winter sun a great asset. The utilize of passive solar gain can signi cantly reduce the heating cost in winter. While during the summer, a few months in Pittsburgh becomes too hot, and the utilize of the wind becomes important because better ventilation can accelerate air speed and thus create a natural cool space. In additon, a shaded shelter is necessary.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh PASSIVE REDESIGN OF THE HOUSE Page 11 Space Priority SW S SE E NE N NW W L/M/H Living Room227.88Living4hrs,am‐pm3, 1 MET 1 CLOL H/Vx x x 3 Dining Room185.39Living6hrs, am‐pm3, 1.8 MET L H/V x x x 1 Kitchen183.45Living3hrs, am‐pm1，1.8MET MH/V x x x 4 Bathroom116.3SupportOccasional1, 1MET LV xxx9 Porch158.58CirculationRare1, 1MET LVxxx 7 Basement699.95SupportRare1, 7MET MH/V x x 10 Bedroom1258.65Living10hrs, night1，0.9MET L H/Vx x x 2 Bedroom2144.87Living10hrs, night1，0.9MET L H/Vx x x x 5 Bedroom3161.62Living10hrs, night1，0.9MET L H/Vx x x x 6 Bathroom245.41SupportOccasional1, 1MET LV xxx8 1 to 10 Heating, Cooling, Ventilation Internal Loads Environmental Programming Environmental Interests - Views and Outdoor Access Living, Circulation, Support Sq. Feet Time in Use Space #People MET 1-5 CLO 0-5 wind ASSETS liability wind winter Summer sun sun RH RH temp temp 1 2 4 5 3

In winter, the backyard is almost entirely covered by shadows of houses in the whole day. And wind is a huge issue as it can't be blocked by the neighboring house and trees. /C /C /C

REVISED PLAN

There are several changes in the revised ground oor as follows:

1. The most prominant change is the arrangement of living room and dining room. Due to the southeatern direction is the best orientation with a great amount of sunlight during the whole year, this corner should be opened to allow more light enters in. As a result, the dinning room can receives direct sunlight in winter.

2. The front door space is covered by a seasonal roof instead of a xed slope roof. The utilize of seasonal vegetation makes the porch a warm area in winter and a cool area in summer. Meanwhile, the flourish vegetation in summer block direct sunlight while the barren vegetation in winter allows more light enters into the room.

3. The American sycamore tree in the southeast corner of the house is replaced by evergreen to resist from the winter wind.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh PASSIVE REDESIGN OF THE HOUSE Page 12 +0.0M - Site Plane A seasonal porch and better utilize of southeastern orientation +0.0M +0.0M PREVIOUS GROUND FLOOR PLAN REVISED GROUND FLOOR PLAN 0 0 1 1 2 2 5M 5M

1 1 2 2 3 3

REVISED PLAN

There are several changes in the revised ground oor as follows:

1. Makes more bedrooms faces south and southeast.. Provide a independent terrace for bedroom2 and optimize its lighting conditions.

2. Create openings on the east for bedroom3.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh PASSIVE REDESIGN OF THE HOUSE Page 13 +3.0M PREVIOUS 2nd FLOOR PLAN 0 0 1 1 2M 2M +0.0M REVISED 2nd FLOOR PLAN +2.0M - Second Floor Plane More bedrooms with better orientation

1 1 2 2

REVISED AXON

The adjustments mentioned on the previous page can be clearly observed in the following axon renders. In particular, the porch roof clearly shows the how does it vary from summer to winter.

The evergreen tree in the southwest block the wind inwinter.

The southeastern corner terrace and sunny room allows more sunlight penetrate into indoor spaces.

Southeast Axon

Previous Axon

A shaded porch and one southern bedroom

Southeast Axon - Summer

Southeast Axon - Winter

Revised Axon

A seasonal porch, a sunny room and two southern bedrooms

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh PASSIVE REDESIGN OF THE HOUSE Page 14

SOLAR WINDOW IN BACKYARD

The solar window is taken from the back yard of the house. Because of the particular position, it doesn't enjoy much sunshine due to the surrounding trees and neighbouring residences,

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh PASSIVE REDESIGN OF THE HOUSE Page 15

front yard back yard

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh BUILDING HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENTS UA Page 17 00.51 012 2m 5ft 00.51 012 2m 5ft 00.51 012 2m 5ft A B B A +0.0M - Ground Floor Plan +3.0M - Second Floor Plan -2.4M - Underground Plan

heated rooms and an unheated porch space

heated rooms

basement with a furnace D1 W1 W2 G1 G2

All

Unheated

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh BUILDING HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENTS UA Page 18 00.51 012 2m 5ft 00.51 012 2m 5ft A-A Section B-B

W2 G1 G2 W1 F1 R1

Section unheated roof, basement and porch unheated roof and basement

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh BUILDING HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENTS UA Page 19 W1 Detail Material R-Value Total R-Value U-Value 10'' thick break wall with an air layer inbetween Exterior Air Film 0.17 0.80 1 0.80 0.41 0.68 3.86 0.26 Interior Air Film 4'' Common Brick 4'' Common Brick 1/2'' Lath and Plaster 2'' Air Space

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh BUILDING HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENTS UA Page 20 W2 Detail Material R-Value Total R-Value U-Value Shingle wood siding wall with insulation layer Exterior Air Film 0.17 0.59 0.47 15.7 0.45 0.68 18.06 0.06 1/2'' Gypsum Board Interior Air Film Shingle Wood Siding 5'' Fiberglass Batt Insulation 3/8'' Plywood Sheathing

* The basement beneath the oor is an unheated space, so the calculation of the R-value should be doubled.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh BUILDING HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENTS UA Page 21 F1 Detail Material R-Value Total R-Value U-Value Floor over unheated basement

Interior Air Film Exterior Air Film 3/4'' Hardwood Flooring 0.61 0.68 20.41 0.77 0 63 0.17 23.27*2=46.54 0.02 Unheated Basement 6 1/2'' Fiberglass Insulation 1/2'' Plywood Board 5/8'' Plywood Sheathing

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh BUILDING HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENTS UA Page 22 R1 Detail Material R-Value Total R-Value U-Value Unvented slope roof with an insulation layer Exterior Air Film 0.17 0.44 0.77 0.45 1 13 0.61 17.21 0.06 Fiberglass Blown (attic) Interior Air Film Asphalt Shingle Roof Air Space 5/8'' Plywood Board 1/2'' Gypsum Board Ceiling 0 77 5/8'' Plywood Sheathing

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh BUILDING HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENTS UA Page 23 G1 Detail G2 Detail D1 Detail Total R-Value Total R-Value Total R-Value U-Value U-Value U-Value Single glaze window Double insulating glass with an air space Wood hollow core ush door 1 1.61 3.02 1 0.62 0.33

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh BUILDING HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENTS UA Page 24 DETAIL # U-VALUE (BTU/HRFT2°F) TOTAL AREA (FT2) HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENT (UA=BTU/HR°F) TOTAL UA% WALLS W1: BRICK WALL 0.26 1770.85 448.18 452.0747.86 W2: SIDING WALL 0.06 64.92 3.90 WINDOWS G1: SINGLE GLAZE 1 30.12 30.12 158.1816.75 G2: DOUBLE GLAZE 0.62 206.55 128.06 DOORS D1: WOOD HALLOW DOOR0.33 43.34 14.30 14.30 1.51 ROOFS R1: UNHVENTED ROOF 0.06 637.82 38.27 38.27 4.05 FLOORS F1: OVER UNHEATED BASEMENT FLOOR 0.02 637.82 12.76 12.76 1.35 INFILTRATION #A.C. x .018 x volume cu.ft. = heat loss coef cient _1.3_ x _0.018_ x __11493.71 _ = 268.95 268.95 268.95 28.47 944.52100

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh BUILDING HEAT LOSS COEFFICIENTS UA Page 25 PEAK HEAT LOSS total UA x T (design indoor°F - design outdoor°F) 944.52 x ( 65 – 5 ) = 56671.2 BTU/hr ANNUAL HEAT LOSS total UA x 24hrsxannual degree days 944.52 x 24 x 5447 = 123.27 MMBTU HEATING ENERGY USE INDEX (EUI) annual heat loss / sq.ft heated = BTU/sqfft/year 123.27 x 106 / 1356 = 90907.08 BTU/sq.ft/year = ? kWh/m2/year

HEATING

Heating: Building Load Coef cient

1. UA total for house (BTU/h oF) 944.52 x 24 = 22668.48 building load coef cient (BTU/day oF) (could vary per month if storm windows, night insulation, or zoning is used)

2. DD base ______oF. Look up monthly DD at that base or calculate (new DD base– ave temp/month) x days month

Heating fuel type 1 ___________ (choose: gas, oil, electric, other)

3B. heating system ef ciency ___________%

4. $ ___________/mmbtu

(total mmbtu from the bills divided by the $ charged); (total costs in 4. may be less than bills if gas is used for DHW, cooking, and drying).

10therm or 10ccf gas = mcf = mmbtu

gal oil = 140,000 BTU = .14mmbtu

cord of wood = 20 mmbtu

1 kWh = 3413 btu (mmbtu = btu x 106)

use these values to understand your bills

Check the box to show the energy use of your home:

Passive house = 1 watt house (per sqmeter and hdd metric) = 0.8 Btu/sqft/hdd

Best new homes: 2 Btu/SqFt-HDD

ENERGY STAR® homes: 5 Btu/SqFt-HDD

low usage existing homes: 7 Btu/SqFt-HDD

medium usage existing homes: 11 Btu/ SqFt-HDD

high usage existing homes: 15 Btu/ SqFt-HDD

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh EXISITING BUILDING PEAK, MONTHLY AND ANNUAL CALCULATIONS Page 27

BLC

2. mo. HDD (base 65o) 3. Htg. Load BTU x 106 (1. X 2.) divide by system ef c. (eg. .85 = 85%) 3B. Htg. System Demand (BTU x 106) 4. cost/ mmbtu Total Heating Cost Jan22668.48x1066.4=24.17/ 0.87 27.69x10.95= $303.21 Feb 22668.48x846.1=19.18/ 0.8721.97x10.75= $236.18 Mar22668.48x757=17.16/ 0.8719.66x10.89= $214.06 Apr22668.48x431.7=9.79/ 0.8711.21x11.88= $133.17 May 22668.48x190.9=4.33/ 0.874.96x12.15= $60.23 June22668.48x43.9=1.00/ 0.871.14x17.64= $20.11 July22668.48x9.2=0.21/ 0.870.24x27.19= $6.50 Aug22668.48x17=0.39/ 0.870.44x18.82= $8.31 Sept22668.48x84.2=1.91/ 0.872.19x18.16= $39.70 Oct22668.48x320.3=7.26/ 0.878.32x19.47= $161.93 Nov 22668.48x728.8=16.52/ 0.8718.92x11.51= $217.82

0.8724.04x11.31= $271.92 5421.4 Total HDD 122.89 Heating Load (mmbtu) 140.77 System Demand (mmbtu) $1,673.12 Heating Cost $

= 24 UA

Dec22668.48x925.9=20.99/

65 gas 87.30 10.95 What is the heating Btu/ SqFt-HDD value? 19.15 btu/sqft-hdd

What is the 3B heating Btu/ htd SqFt?

103812.68 btu/sqft

√

DOMESTRIC HOT WATER [DHW]

General Information

comlete activity chart below right

Gallons of hot water ___________/month (can be variable)

DHW Fuel type __________ (gas, electric, other)

or .2 multiplier)

Family 4 = 75-90 gallons/day

Family 6 = 105-121 gallons/day

Average

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh EXISITING BUILDING PEAK, MONTHLY AND ANNUAL CALCULATIONS Page 28

(gallons x .001

DHW Load in BTU x 106 $/mmbtu or $/kwh Total Domestic Hot Water Cost Jan 2.892x 10.9531.67 Feb 2.892x 10.7531.09 Mar2.892x 10.89 31.49 Apr2.892x 11.88 34.36 May 2.892x 12.15 35.14 June2.892x 17.64 51.01 July2.892x 27.1978.63 Aug2.892x 18.82 54.43 Sept2.892x 18.16 52.52 Oct2.892x 19.47 56.31 Nov 2.892x 11.51 33.29 Dec2.892x 11.31 32.71 Total? 34.95 DHW load 522.64 DHW cost

average DHW use: totals

person = 35 gallons/day

household = 65

gallons/day

Africa Family = 5 gallons/day Activity Gallons per use # of times per month TOTAL Clothes Washing 32x12=384 Showering20x75=1500 Bathing 20x0=0 Automatic Dishwashing 12x0=0 Preparing Food5x112=560 Hand Dishwashing 4x112=448 2892 Average Hot Water Use DHW Consumption gas 2892

COOLING

General Information

7. Monthly CDD or cooling hours/month (variable by month)

*three window type air conditioner 1.36

Equipment SEER rating _______ BTU/wh ( nd SEER and capacity on equipment)

Unit Capacity _______ BTUh (note: 1 ton = 12,000 BTU/hrs) (if window units add all together)

11 5000*3

8. Cooling system demand factor in kwh/CDD __________ = unit capacity in BTU/hr divided by (SEER in BTU/wh x 1000 wh/kwh)

9. Electricity cost $ ___________/kwh (from bills) 7.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh EXISITING BUILDING PEAK, MONTHLY AND ANNUAL CALCULATIONS Page 29

Monthly CDD 8. Cooling System Demand factor (kwh/CDD) Monthly Cooling System Demand (kwh) 9. Electricity cost per kwh Total Cooling Cost per month Jan 0 x1.36= - x 0.19=Feb 0.1x1.36= 0.14 x 0.17= 0.02 Mar 0 x1.36= - x 0.21=Apr 2.9x1.36= 3.49 x 0.21= 0.83 May 19.4x1.36= 26.38 x 0.21= 5.54 June 40.1x1.36= 54.54 x 0.21= 11.45 July 79.3x1.36= 107.85 x 0.23= 24.81 Aug 53.8x1.36= 73.17 x 0.23= 16.83 Sept 31.5x1.36= 42.84 x 0.21= 9.00 Oct 5.1x1.36= 6.94 x 0.21= 1.46 Nov 0 x1.36= - x 0.19=Dec 0 x1.36= - x 0.19=Total 232.20 315.79 Total Cooling Load 69.93 Total Cooling Cost

LIGHTING ENERGY USE

*(With dimmers reduce the lamp wattage)

10.

11.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh EXISITING BUILDING PEAK, MONTHLY AND ANNUAL CALCULATIONS Page 30

(total Wh/mo)/1000 = _____________ total kWh/mo

Electricity cost $ __________ /kwh (from bills) 10. Monthly Lighting Load KWh 11. Electricity cost $/kwh Monthly Lighting Cost Jan 47.41x0.19= 9.01 Feb 42.41x0.17= 7.21 Mar 36.41x0.21= 7.65 Apr 36.41x0.21= 7.65 May 36.41x0.21= 8.59 June 40.91x0.21= 8.59 July 36.41x0.23= 8.37 Aug 40.91x0.23= 9.41 Sept42.03x0.21= 8.83 Oct 36.41x0.21= 7.65 Nov 42.03x0.19= 7.99 Dec 45.41x0.19= 8.63 Total 483.17 Lighting Load 99.56 Total Lighting Cost Quantity in the House Average Lamp Wattage (w) Average Hours On per Month (h/mo) Total (Wh/mo) Incandescent lamps____5_____x____75_____x____30.7_____=____11512.5____ Incandescent lamps____5_____x____40_____x____67_____=_____13400____ Compact Fluorescent (CFL) lamps ____7_____x____13_____x____147.5_____=____13422.5____ Compact Fluorescent (CFL) lamps ____1_____x____23_____x____33.75_____=_____776.25____ LED lamps ____2_____x____5_____x____180_____=____1800_____ =___40911.25___ 40.911

LIGHTING

APPLIANCE

APPLIANCE ENERGY USE

Refrigerator___1___x____300___x___250___=__75000__

Dryer___1___x___5000___x____6___=__30000__

Washer___1___x____550___x___9.6___=__5280__

Oven___1___x___3000___x___0.5___=__1500__

Stove___1___x ___1400_ _x___40___=__56000__

Instantpot___1___x____325___x___4___=__1300__

Microwave___1___x___1000___x___2___=__2000__

Air fryer___1___x___1000___x__6.67__=__6670__

Hair Dryer___1___x___1200___x__1.7___=__2040__

total = _179790_ wh/mo

12. (total wh/mo)/1000 = ____276.99___ total kwh/mo

13. Electricity cost $ __________ /kwh

Apr221.64x0.21=46.54

May

June221.64x0.21=46.54

quantity in house average wattage in use**** average hours on/mo

Total (wh/mo)

Computers____3___x____150_____x____216_____=_97200_

total = __97200_ wh/mo

12. divide 1000 =_276.99_ kwh/mo

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh EXISITING BUILDING PEAK, MONTHLY AND ANNUAL CALCULATIONS Page 31 12. Monthly Appliance Load (KWh) 13 Electricity cost $/kwh Monthly Appiance Cost Jan 276.99x0.19= 52.63 Feb 276.99x0.17= 47.09 Mar269.79x0.21= 56.66

221.64x0.21=46.54

50.98 Aug221.64x0.23= 50.98 Sept224.79x0.21= 47.21 Oct221.64x0.21= 46.54 Nov 276.99x0.19= 52.63 Dec276.99x0.19= 52.63 Total 2932.38 Appliance Load 596.67 Total Appliance Cost

July221.64x0.23=

quantity in house average wattage

average

Total

in use****

hours on/mo

(wh/mo)

TOTAL MONTHLY GAS & ELECTRIC USE (EXCLUDING CARS) (ATTACH BILLS)

SITE EUI & SOURCE EUI

MMBTUSite EUI kBtu/ft2/yf

Source EUI elec*2.8+gas*1.05

Annual ELEC12.736.68 18.70

Annual GAS171.1989.78 94.27

Total 183.9296.46112.97

How does your house compare to US and International energy standards?

EUI for all fuel use

Annual BTU/ft2/yr 96460.83

TOTAL ENERGY USE BY LOAD TYPE (amount of total)

TOTAL ENERGY USE BY END-USE GROUPS (percent of total)

These should match +/-10%

Total 100%

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh EXISITING BUILDING PEAK, MONTHLY AND ANNUAL CALCULATIONS Page 32 GAS $ Heating$ Domestic Hot Water*Estimated Total $ Gas Jan 303.21 31.67 334.88 Feb 236.18 31.09 267.27 Mar 214.06 31.49 245.55 Apr 133.17 34.36 167.53 May 60.23 35.14 95.36 June 20.11 51.01 71.12 July 6.50 78.63 85.13 Aug 8.31 54.43 62.74 Sept 39.70 52.52 92.22 Oct 161.93 56.31 218.24 Nov 217.82 33.29 251.10 Dec 271.92 32.71 304.62 Total1673.12 522.64 2195.76 Actual Gas Bills Jan 389.69 Feb 407.47 Mar 289.27 Apr 259.08 May 102.02 June 33.51 July 27.19 Aug 27.20 Sept 27.24 Oct 27.26 Nov 214.14 Dec 291.81 Total 2095.88 ELECTRIC $ Cooling$ Lighting$ Appliance $ Estimated Total Jan - 9.01 52.63 61.64 Feb 0.02 7.21 47.09 54.32 Mar - 7.65 56.66 64.30 Apr 0.83 7.65 46.54 55.02 May 5.54 8.59 46.54 60.68 June 11.45 8.59 46.54 66.59 July 24.81 8.37 50.98 84.16 Aug 16.83 9.41 50.98 77.22 Sept 9.00 8.83 47.21 65.03 Oct 1.46 7.65 46.54 55.65 Nov - 7.99 52.63 60.61 Dec - 8.63 52.63 61.26 Total 69.9399.56596.97766.46 Actual Electric Bills Jan 68.35 Feb 53.96 Mar 59.33 Apr 59.48 May 59.53 June 66.73 July 77.61 Aug 70.31 Sept 63.27

58.31

57.32

67.83 Total 762.03

Oct

Nov

Dec

Estimated GAS Annual Total 2195.76Actual GAS Annual Total 2190.15 Estimated ELECTRIC Annual Total 766.46Actual ELECTRIC Annual Total 762.03

These should match +/-10%

December,2021

May,2022

December,2021

June,2022

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh EXISITING BUILDING PEAK, MONTHLY AND ANNUAL CALCULATIONS Page 33 CARBON FOOTPRINT BILLS Due Date Account # CHENJI YU jjjasperyu@gmail.com 9199-419-196 Page 1 of 01/18/2022 Due Date Billing and meter reading details on page 3 Online: www.DuquesneLight.com Please return this portion with your payment. Please enclose check facing forward. Make payment payable to Duquesne Light Company US Currency. Account # USD Amount Enclosed Please mail payment to: 01/18/2022 9199-419-196 CHENJI YU jjjasperyu@gmail.com A late charge of 1.25% may be assessed after 2022-01-18 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY PO BOX 371324 PITTSBURGH PA 15250-7324 AAADTAATADDDFDTFAAFATTTATFFDDTTADTFDTFTTTFDAFDFATFAFFTTAATADDFATT BI_EBILL_202 22 PRD.xml Phone: 412-393-7100 Bill Summary Date Prepared: 12/26/2021 Bill ID: 919346606020 Previous Account Balance $57.32 Payment(s) Received as of 11/24/2021 -$57.32 Balance Forward $0.00 DLC Charges $39.89 Supply Charges $27.94 AMOUNT DUE BY 01/18/2022 $67.83 Amount Due Amount Due $67.83 $67.83 91994191960 000000000000 00000006 36 00000006 36 Amount Due $67.83 Message Center Duquesne Light partners with Dollar Energy Fund to provide assistance to customers who struggle to pay their electric bill. If you would like to support the Dollar Energy Fund and your neighbors in need, make a tax deductible monthly pledge at DuquesneLight.com/dollar Usage Comparison Chart Total kWh Avg Daily# ofAvg Daily Period Usage Temp (F) Days kWh Usage Current Month Last Month Same Month Last Year 355 296 0 11 10 0 33 29 0 39 46 0 Average Monthly Usage for the last months: 309 kWh Total Annual Usage for the last months: 1236 kWh Version 2 - 10% Screen For 24/7 account access: peopleseaccount.com CHENGJI YU 5875 BARTLETT ST PITTSBURGH PA 15217-1611 Accoun Number Date PreparedNext M ter ReadingB 200013496282 Dec 20 202101/20 01/21/202216 For General n ormation call 1-800-764-0111 For an Emer enc call 1-800-400-4271 Please Pay Accoun Balance o $2 1.81 by JAN 11 2022 o avoid a Late Paymen Cha ge o $4.38 1.5% per month Effective July 1 2021 he Distribution System mprovement Charge (DSIC) increased rom 0.06 % to 0.00 % This harge unds he repair improvement and replacement o natural gas pipelines and related in rastructure. Help people without heat or gh by donating to he Dollar Energy Fund. Please add $1 to your month y gas payment. You can pay his bill by Credit Debit Card or Electronic Check Call ACI Speedpay at 1-866-338-5491. Service Fees Appl Visit our website at www.peoples-gas.com or urther in ormation. Your PRICE TO COMPARE is $4.81 per MCF. Shopping n ormation Box When shopping or gas with a Natural Gas Supplier please provide he ollowing Account Number: 200013496282 Rate S hedule: Residential (RS)(P) If ou are already shopping, know your contract expiration date. lease detach and return his coupon wit a chec made pa able to Peoples. TO MAKE ACCOUNT CHANGES ON BACK OF COUPON, CHECK BOX HERE LIHEAP, a ederally unded program provides energy assistance grants or income-elig ble customers. The program opens November 1 and unds are limited. If ou are out o work or on a low or xed income you hould apply now For details call 1-800-400-WARM 9276 DUE DATE Account No. AN 11 2022 200013496282 $291.81 Account Balance Amount Enclosed 850003529098 317 CHENGJI YU 5875 BARTLETT ST PITTSBURGH PA 15217-1611 PEOPLES PO BOX 644760 PITTSBURGH, PA 15264-4760 10002000134962820000000029181000000291810 SCAN TO PAY Month y Usage Comparison Average Daily Temperature20202021 For This Billing Period F 39 F 38 Gas Use in MCF Sep 2021 ct N Dec 2021 28 21 14 7 0 Actual stimate Customer Read Ad usted Usa Average month use:11.7 MCF Total annual use: 47. MCF Summary o Basic Charges Credits And Charges Since Your Last Bill Balance rom last bill $214.14 Pa ment on NOV 20 2021 - Thank You 214.14 CR Balance $0 00 Current Charges Resident al (RS)(P) Customer Charge 1 Month $14.50 Commodity Charge $4.8074 per MCF 124.03 Deliver Charge 25.8 MCF @ $4.5306 116.89 Capacit Charge $1.7233 per MCF 44.46 Tax Repairs Surcredit 8.12 CR State Tax Surcharge @ 0.05% .05 Total Curren Charges $291.81 Total Accoun Balance $291.81 Peoples current charges include $2.83 in state taxes. Billing Period And Meter Reading Dat Read Type Reading D fference Me er Number 8262219 DEC 17 2021Actual 352.125.8 NOV 16 2021Actual 326.3 MCF Used in 31 Days25.8 Version 2 - 10% Screen For 24/7 account access: peopleseaccount.com CHENGJI YU 5875 BARTLETT ST PITTSBURGH PA 15217-1611 Accoun Number Date PreparedN xt Me er ReadingB 200013496282 un 20 202207/20 07/21/202216 For General n ormation call 1-800-764-0111 For an Emergency call 1-800-400-4 71 Please Pay Accoun Balance o $33.5 by JUL 12 2022 o avoid Late Paymen Cha ge o $0.50 1.5% per month Effective July 1 2021 he Distribution System mprovement Charge (DSIC) increased rom 0.06 % to 0.00 % This charge unds he repair improvement and replacement o natural gas pipelines and related in rastructure. Help people without heat or ligh by donating to he Dollar Energy Fund. Please add $1 to your month gas pa ment. You can pay his bill by Credit Deb Card or Electronic Check Call ACI Speedpay at 1-866-338-5491. Service Fees Apply Visit our website at www.peoples-gas.com or urther in ormation. Your PRICE TO COMPARE is $4.56 per MCF. Shopping nformation Box When hopping or gas with a Natural Gas Supplier please provide he ollowing Account Number: 200013496282 Rate Schedule: Residential (RS)(P) If you are already hopping, know your contract expiration date. Please detac and return is coupon w h a hec made pay ble to Peoples. TO MAKE ACCOUNT CHANGES ON BACK OF COUPON, CHECK BOX HERE Take advantage o our Budget Payment Plan. En oy he convenience o paying a planned amount each month a eature which is especially help ul during he winter.We periodically review budget accounts to ad ust or any over or under pa ments. DUE DATE Account No. JUL 12 2022 200013496282 $33.51 Account Balance Amount Enclosed 896000977971 E 42 CHENGJI YU 5701 CENTRE AVE 608 PITTSBURGH PA 15206 PEOPLES PO BOX 644760 PITTSBURGH, PA 15264-4760 10002000134962820000000003351000000033518 SCAN TO P Y Month y Usage Comparison Average Daily Temperature20212022 For This Billing Period F 67 Gas Use in MCF Sep 2021 Oct N Dec an Fe Mar Apr Ma un 2022 40 30 20 10 0 Actual Estimate Customer ead Ad usted Usa e Averag mont y use:17.9 MCF Total annual use: 180.2 MCF Summa y of Basic Cha ges Credits And Charges Since Your Last Bill Balance rom last bill $102.02 Payment on MAY 21 2022 Thank You 102.02 CR Balance $0 00 Current Charges Residen al (RS)(P) Customer Charge 1 Month $14.50 Commodity Charge $4.5684 per MCF 8.68 Delivery Charge 1.9 MCF @ $4.5158 8.58 Capacity Charge $1.7474 per MCF 3 32 Tax Repairs Surcredit 1.57 CR Total Current Cha ges $33.51 Total Accoun Balance $33.51 Peoples current charges include $0.33 in state taxes. Billing Period And Meter Readings Date Read Typ Reading D fference Meter Number 8262219 JUN 20 2022Actual485.01.9 MAY 19 2022Actual483.1 MCF Used in 32 Days1.9 Due Date Account # CHENGJI YU jjjasperyu@gmail.com 9199-419-196 Page 1 of 06/15/2022 Due Date Billing and meter reading details on page 3 Online: www.DuquesneLight.com Please return this portion with your payment. Please enclose check facing forward. Make payment payable to Duquesne Light Company US Currency. Account # USD Amount Enclosed Please mail payment to: 06/15/2022 9199-419-196 CHENGJI YU jjjasperyu@gmail.com A late charge of 1.25% may be assessed after 2022-06-15 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY PO BOX 371324 PITTSBURGH PA 15250-7324 AAADTAATADDDFDTFAAFATTTATFFDDTTADTFDTFTTTFDAFDFATFAFFTTAATADDFATT BI_EBILL_20220525PRD.xml Phone: 412-393-7100 Bill Summary Date Prepared: 05/25/2022 Bill ID: 919945417582 Previous Account Balance $59.48 Payment(s) Received as of 04/27/2022 -$59.48 Balance Forward $0.00 DLC Charges $36.42 Supply Charges $23.11 AMOUNT DUE BY 06/15/2022 $59.53 Amount Due Amount Due $59.53 $59.53 91994191960 000000000000 000000059530 000000059530 Amount Due $59.53 Message Center Duquesne Light partners with Dollar Energy Fund to provide assistance to customers who struggle to pay their electric bill. If you would like to support the Dollar Energy Fund and your neighbors in need, make a tax deductible monthly pledge at DuquesneLight.com/dollar Usage Comparison Chart Total kWh Avg Daily# ofAvg Daily Period Usage Temp (F) Days kWh Usage Current Month Last Month Same Month Last Year 290 289 0 10 10 0 29 30 0 56 49 0 Average Monthly Usage for the last months: 308 kWh Total Annual Usage for the last months: 2772 kWh

COMPONENTS LOADS

The total components loads is controlled within 15%. However the main diifference lies in doors and floors. This maybe because the manual calculation of the oors over the unheated basement is roughly doubled, while the calculation in RemRate model is more accurate.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh HOME ENERGY MODELING, CALIBRATION WITH REMRATE Page 35

MANUALREMRATE%DIFF WALLS 59.0053.310% WINDWOS 20.64 18.610% DOORS 1.871.425% CEILINGS 4.993.922% FLOORS 1.672.1-26% INFILTRATION 35.1036-3% INTERNAL GAIN --11 TOTALS(mmbtu/yr) 123.27104.8015%

TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION

The setpoint temperature in RemRate model should be set at 68oF, since there is 3 degree internal heat gain in the interior space. By adjusting this, the total difference for energy consumption is only 8%. [the total eneergy consumption in RamRate is 168.90 mmbtu/yr, while the manual calculation result is 184.18 mmbtu/yr]

The main diiference lies in cooling which is 30%, this maybe beacuse of the the cooling setpoint temperature is 75oF in RemRate without taking internal heat gain into considerate. Other end-use consumption is controlled within 15%.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh HOME ENERGY MODELING, CALIBRATION WITH REMRATE Page 36

MANUALREMRATE%DIFF HEATING 136.49120.3012% DHW 34.9534.202% COOLING 1.081.4030% LIGHTING 1.65 13.00-11% APPLIANCE 10.01 TOTALS(MMBTU/YR) 184.18168.908%

TOTAL ENERGY COST

The difference of the annual cost is only !%, and the differernce of each kind of end-use is consistent with the energy consumption.

The slight difference maybe because the manual calculation varies for every month which is based on the monthly bills. The commodity charges and capacity charges oats from month to month. However, in Rem Rate model, it keeps at a constant number.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh HOME ENERGY MODELING, CALIBRATION WITH REMRATE Page 37

MANUALREMRATE%DIFF HEATING 1622.181469.009% DHW 522.64538.00-3% COOLING 69.9390.00-29% LIGHTING 99.56 783.00-12% APPLIANCE 596.67

2910.982880.001%

TOTALS($)

IECC 2018 PA

This home DOES NOT MEET the overall thermal performance requirements and verifications of the International Energy Conservation Code based on a climate zone of 5A. (Section 402, International Energy Conservation Code, 2018 edition). In fact, this home is under the requirements by 200.3%.

Failed mandatory requirements

• The Tested home in ltration level is above the 3.0 ACH50 limit set by IECC 2018 and as a result fails the UA Compliance Path.

• Compliant mechanical ventilation is required in the home. This home has insufficient mechanical ventilation speci ed.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh HOME ENERGY MODELING, CALIBRATION WITH REMRATE Page 38

ELEMENTS INSULATION LEVELS SHELL UA CHECK 2018 IECCBASELINE CEILINGS 16.6 37.1 ABOVE-GRADE WALLS 110.1 462.4 WINDOWS&DOORS 84.0 169.1 FLOORS OVER UNCOND BASEMENT 21.1 27.4 OVERALL UA 231.8 696.0 USE LOAD(mmbtu) COST($) HEATING 129.1 1571 COOLING 2.7 177 DHW 19.9 315 LIGHTS&APPLIANCE 19.4 1046 SERVICE CHARGE 0 0 TOTAL 171.1 3109 SHELL UA CHECK design must be equal or lower 231.8 696.0 WINDOW U-FACTOR CHECK window u-factor 0.480 0.668

ENERGY STAR V3.1

This home DOES NOT MEET the energy ef cient requirements for designation as an EPA ENERGY STAR Version 3.1

Single-Family New Home (Rev 11).

• The Design Home HERS Index is larger than the ENERGY STAR HERS Target Index.

• The envelope does not meet the insulation requirements of the 2009 IECC as specified by ENERGY STAR v3/3.1. The UA Calculation is the same as the 2009 IECC UA Compliance. The Design Home UA value of 696.0 must be less than or equal to the 2009 IECC Reference Home UA value of 242.8. Check the 2009 IECC UA Report to nd the components not meeting code.

• Windows do not meet the 2009 IECC requirements.

• Mechanical ventilation has not been measured in the design home which is required for ENERGY STAR v3/3.1/3.2.

HERS INDEX: 202

This home FAILS the minimum criteria.

The home HERS index now is 202. Since the standard of new home in US is 100, this home is 102% less ef cient than the standard. It is neccesary to take retro t measures to improve its energy performance.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh HOME ENERGY MODELING, CALIBRATION WITH REMRATE Page 39

NORMALIZED, MODIFIED ENG-USE LOADS (MMBTU/YR) ENERGY STARBASELINE HEATING 12.1 73.9 COOLING 3.2 5.2 WATER HEATING 11.5 12.4 LIGHTS&APPLIANCE 16.3 19.4 TOTAL 43.1 110.9 ENERGY STAR HERS INDEX TARGET 71 202 THIS HOME

1. ZONING THE HOUSE

INSTALL SMART THERMOSTATES WITH DAMPERS FOR DIFFERENT REGION

Since users are not always stay in the same room all the day, it is not a good deal to maintain the temperature at 65oF for every room. A more econimc measurement is to install smart thermostates for different zones and control it with a damper. For example, bedrooms (678sqft, 50% of total area)are always closed during the day, so the temperature could maintain at 55oF in the day and 65oF in the night. For the rest of the house (678sqft, 50% of total area), the temperature during the day could set at 65oF, while turned down to 55oF duiring the night.

Calculation of average setpoint temperature:

ground level: (65oF+55oF)/2 = 60oF rst level: (55oF+65oF)/2 = 60oF the whole house: (60oF+60oF)/2 = 60oF

ground level thermostate1: 65oF during the day, turned off duing the night.

rst level

thermostate2: 55oF during the day, 65oF duing the night.

Google Nest Thermostat - Smart Thermostat for HomeProgrammable Wi Thermostat

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 41

TOTAL ＄509/yr TOTAL ＄199.7/yr PAYBACK 5mons ENERGY SAVINGS CURRENTUPGRADEDSAVING ANNUAL LOADS (mmbtu/yr) HEATING 120.3 78.042.3 DHW 34.2 34.3-0.1 ANNUAL COSTS ( ＄/yr) HEATING 1469958511 DHW 538540-2 FINANCIAL BUDGET QUANTITY COST TOTAL THERMOSTATE 2 99.85199.7 LABOR COST - 0 0

2. REDUCE INFILTRATION

CAULK THE WINDOW FRAMES AND WEATHERSTRIP THE DOORS

In ltration accounts for the largest amount of heat loss. By caulking the the window frames and add weatherstrips to the door bottom could reduce in ltration by 20%, which could signi cantly increase heating and cooling ef ciency.

The total length of the window frame is 234.25ft. Since each caulk tube is 50ft, it consumes 5 tubes.

caulk weatherstrip

caulk and weatherstrip location diagram

TOTAL ＄133/yr

TOTAL ＄64.83/yr

PAYBACK 6mons

weatherstrip tape, caulk, and caulk gun

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 42

CURRENTUPGRADEDSAVING ANNUAL LOADS (mmbtu/yr) HEATING 120.3 112.18.2 COOLING 1.40.90.5 ANNUAL COSTS ( ＄/yr) HEATING 14691369100 COOLING 905733 FINANCIAL BUDGET QUANTITY COST TOTAL CAULK 5 9.9849.9 CAULK GUN 1 10 10 WEATHERSTRIP 14.934.93

ENERGY SAVINGS

3. LIGHTING UPGRADE

REPLACE ALL THE BULBS WITH LED ONES

For the same brighness, the LED bulb only use 12 wattages energy while the traditional bulb consumes 60 wattages. Besides, the lifetime of the LED bulb is more than 60 times longer than the incandescent bulbs.

There are 20 lamps in this house, 10 of them are incandescent lamps, and 8 are fluorescent lamps. Replace all of them with 9W LED bulbs is a easy way to reduce energy consumption and electricity cost.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 43

TOTAL ＄66/yr TOTAL ＄59.94/yr PAYBACK 11mons ENERGY SAVINGS CURRENTUPGRADEDSAVING ANNUAL LOADS (mmbtu/yr) LIGHTING 13121 COOLING 1.41.30.1 ANNUAL COSTS ( ＄/yr) LIGHTING 78372162 COOLING 90864 FINANCIAL BUDGET QUANTITY COST TOTAL LED BULBS 18 3.3359.94 LABOR COST - 0 0 LOHAS A19 LED Bulb, 60Watt LED Light Bulb 9W, Daylight 5000K 850 Lumen E26 Base, 120V Energy-ef cient Lamps

4. INSTALL WINDOW SHADE

INSTALL HONEYCOMB CELLULAR WINDOW SHADE

Night insulation plays an important role in saving energy consumption. An additional layer of honeycomb shade will increase the R-value of window to 7.73 during the night and the heat loss will signi cantly reduce and provide a warmer interior environment.

Calculation of new base R-value:

single glaze window: (1+7.73)/2=4.365

double glaze window: (1.61+7.73)/2=4.67

There are 13 windows, each size is 29'' width*51height. It consumes 13 celluar shades in total.

TOTAL ＄186/yr

TOTAL ＄3496.79/yr

PAYBACK 3yrs

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 44

ENERGY SAVINGS CURRENTUPGRADEDSAVING ANNUAL LOADS (mmbtu/yr) HEATING 120.3 105.514.8 COOLING 1.41.30.1 ANNUAL COSTS ( ＄/yr) HEATING 14691288181 COOLING 90855 FINANCIAL BUDGET QUANTITY COST TOTAL WINDOW SHADE 13 42.14547.82 LABOR COST - 0 0 DEZ Furnishings QCWT280480 Cordless Light Filtering Cellular Shade, 28W x 48H Inches, White honeycomb shades location diagram

5. WALL UPGRADED

INSTALL THERMAL INSULATION LAYER TO EXTERIOR WALL

Wall loses second large amount of heat, thus it is necessary to improve the R-value of exterior wall. Compare with internal thermal insulation, the effect of external insulation is much more better. However, the house facade will be changed due to the wall upgrade, clients may need to redesign it. Clients could also choose to install internal insulation which is much easier to install and saves money by avoiding facade decoration. The point is, it must be added with a vapor barrier to protect it from interior humidity.

The total area of exterior wall is 1771sqft. Since each bag covers 125.94sqft, it consumes 14 bags of berglass batt. The basic cost to Install Wall Insulation is $1.49 - $2.56 per square foot.

TOTAL

PAYBACK

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 45

TOTAL ＄576/yr

＄3496.79/yr

6yrs

SAVINGS CURRENTUPGRADEDSAVING ANNUAL LOADS (mmbtu/yr) HEATING 120.3 73.946.4 COOLING 1.41.20.2 ANNUAL COSTS ( ＄/yr) HEATING 1469902567 COOLING 90819 FINANCIAL BUDGET QUANTITY COST TOTAL R13 INSULATION 13 66 858 LABOR COST -2638.792638.79 R-13 Kraft Faced Fiberglass Insulation Batt 15 in. x 93 in insulation location diagram

ENERGY

6. KITCHEN MACHINE UPGRADE

REPLACE REFRIGERATOR AND DRYER WITH ENERGY STAR PRODEUCTS

A new refrigerator only consumes 435kwh per year, while the current refrigerator consumes 900kwh annually. Therefore, to buy a more ef cient one will save a lot of electricity fees.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 46

TOTAL ＄93/yr TOTAL ＄999/yr PAYBACK 10yrs9mons ENERGY SAVINGS CURRENTUPGRADEDSAVING ANNUAL LOADS (mmbtu/yr) APPLIANCE 1311.41.6 COOLING 1.41.20.2 HEATING 120.3121.3-1.0 ANNUAL COSTS ( ＄/yr) APPLIANCE 78368895 COOLING 908010 HEATING 14691481-12 FINANCIAL BUDGET QUANTITY COST TOTAL REFRIGERATOR 1999999 LABOR COST - 0 0 Hisense 17.2-cu ft. Counter-depth Bottom-Freezer Refrigerator

7. LAUNDRY MACHINE UPGRADE

REPLACE REFRIGERATOR AND DRYER WITH ENERGY STAR PRODEUCTS

Due to the capacity of the laundry dryer is 5000 wattages, which is really high. A new dryer with energy star label onlyt costs 236kwh every year. Compared with the current one which cosumes about 360kwh annually, it would be worthy to replace the current dryer with a more ef cient one.

TOTAL ＄25/yr

TOTAL ＄1249.99/yr

PAYBACK 50yrs

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 47

SAVINGS CURRENTUPGRADEDSAVING ANNUAL LOADS (mmbtu/yr) APPLIANCE 1312.60.4 ANNUAL COSTS ( ＄/yr) APPLIANCE 78375825 FINANCIAL BUDGET QUANTITY COST TOTAL DRYER 11249.991249.99 LABOR COST - 0 0 Bosch WTH85200GB Heat Pump Condenser Tumble Dryer

ENERGY

8. UPGRADE AIR CONDITIONER

INSTALL CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONER WITH AN ENERGY STAR LABEL

The current cooling system in the house is three window units, which consume more energy. Replace them with a central air conditioner with a higher SEER could save 43 dollars every year.

Central air conditioner is expensive, a 24.5 SEER air conditioner costs about ＄5000 including installation cost. Therefore, it spends a long period of time for a payback.

TOTAL ＄43/yr

TOTAL ＄3426/yr

PAYBACK 79yrs

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 48

ENERGY SAVINGS CURRENTUPGRADEDSAVING ANNUAL LOADS (mmbtu/yr) COOLING 1.40.70.7 ANNUAL COSTS ( ＄/yr) COOLING 904743 FINANCIAL BUDGET QUANTITY COST TOTAL AIR CONDITIONER 1 34263426

COSTinclued in the product cost 0

LABOR

Amana AVXC20 - High efficiency Air Conditioners with inverter technology (up to 24.5 SEER)

9. INSTALL PHOTOVALTIC PANELS

INSTALL SOLAR PANELS ON THE PORCH ROOF

It is suggested to install photovaltic panels on the porch roof whici oriented south direction. It will convert solar energy into electricity and thus save clients electricity fees.

The whole area of the porch roof is 201.1 sqft which could convey 35 panels. This solar panel is 70 watt, since the average price of labor per watt across the country is about 50 cents, the total labor cost is 70w* ＄0.5*35= ＄1225.

ENERGY SAVINGS

CURRENTUPGRADEDSAVING

PV 0-7.57.5

FINANCIAL

TOTAL ＄450/yr

TOTAL ＄5845/yr

PAYBACK 13yrs

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 49

ANNUAL LOADS (mmbtu/yr)

ANNUAL COSTS ( ＄/yr)

PV 0-450450

COST TOTAL

PANEL

COST

BUDGET QUANTITY

351324620 LABOR

-12251225

Watt Solar

Panel (B-Stock)

installation location diagram

10. PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING

ENCLOSE THE PORCH WITH LOW-E GLASS (SUNSPACE SYSTEM)

It is highly recommended to enclose the porch to create a glasshouse. The reasons and advantages are as follows:

In winter, the glasshouse absorbs solar heat and the heated air ows into the house to provide a warm environment. In summer, open the glass doors and windows at night to promote air ventilation.

The energy consumption calculations are as follows:

new UA= UA Total - UA of south wall = 944.52-113.88 =830.64 BTU/HRF

According to the chart, the speci cation choice is SS-B2b for the goal of 18% energy saving(SSF), LCR=70

Ag(Area of glass) = 24UA/LCR = 830.64/70 = 284.79sqft

Since the original heat cost is ＄ 1469, the galsshouse will save ＄264.42

The cost of glasshouse installation is about ＄4500.

The payback is 17yrs.

in winter

in summer

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 50

glasshouse schematic diagram 20.3ft operable window honeycomb shade 8.02ft 11.95ft enclosed porch glasshouse mechanism diagram

open the window to allow the heated air ows into the house.

close the window to prevent the heat from entering the house. night close the window and draw the honeycomb celluar shade to reduce the heat loss. night open the window to promote air flow and cool the house.

daytime

TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMTIPON AND COST COMPARISON

IECC 2018 PA

Due to the installation of insulation layer to the exterior wall and honeycomb cellular shades to the windows, their UA improved greatly. However, the tested home lack of sufficient mechanical ventilation speci ed and its in ltration level is above the 3.0 ACH50 limit set by IECC 2018 and as a result FAILS the UA Compliance Path.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 51

Total load saving： 168.9 71 Total cost saving： 2880 1138

57.97% REDUCED 60.49% REDUCED HEATINGCOOLINGDHWLIGHT&APPLIANCEPV TOTAL ENERGY LOAD CURRENT HOUSE 120.3 1.4 34.2 13 0 168.9 UPDATED HOUSE 33.5 0.5 34.4 10 -7.5 71 ENERGY COST CURRENT HOUSE 1469 90 538 783 0 2880 UPDATED HOUSE 412 34 541 600 -450 1138 ELEMENTS INSULATION LEVELS SHELL UA CHECK 2018 IECCAS DESIGNEDBASELINE CEILINGS 16.6 37.1 37.1 ABOVE-GRADE WALLS 110.1 108.6 462.4 WINDOWS&DOORS 84.0 69.3 169.1 FLOORS OVER UNCOND BASEMENT 21.1 27.4 27.4 OVERALL UA 231.8 242.4 696.0

ENERGY STAR V3.1

This home DOES NOT MEET the energy ef cient requirements for designation as an EPA ENERGY STAR Version 3.1

Single-Family New Home (Rev 11).

• The Design Home HERS Index is larger than the ENERGY STAR HERS Target Index.

• Windows do not meet the 2009 IECC requirements. Check the windows and make sure they have the correct values.

• Mechanical ventilation has not been measured in the design home which is required for ENERGY STAR v3/3.1/3.2.

HERS INDEX: 99

This home MEET the minimum criteria.

The home HERS index now is 99, compared with the former index 202, its energy rating impoves signi cantly. Since the standard of new home in US is 100, this home is 1% more efficient than the criteria. If taking the glasshouse into account, which saves 18% energy cost, the HERS index goes lower.

5875 Bartlett Street, Pittsburgh RETROFITS AND PAYBACK INCLUDING SOLARIZING THE HOME Page 52

NORMALIZED, MODIFIED ENG-USE LOADS (MMBTU/YR) ENERGY STARAS DESIGNEDBASELINE HEATING 12.1 38 73.9 COOLING 3.2 0.9 5.2 WATER HEATING 11.5 12.4 12.4 LIGHTS&APPLIANCE 16.3 19.4 19.4 TOTAL 43.1 70.7 110.9 ENERGY STAR HERS INDEX TARGET 71 99 202 THIS HOME NOW THIS HOME BEFORE

Dec 17, 2022