RSCH 202 MODULE 2 OBJECTIVES AND REVIEW QUESTIONS
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Module 2 Objectives and Review Questions 1. Which of the following studies could be causal in nature? The researcher tries to find out: a) The effect of reward system on productivity. b) Why unemployment in Belgium is higher than in Germany. c) Whether smoking is causing cancer. d) All the above answers are correct. 2. A study in which data are gathered at more than one point in time is called: a) A cross-sectional study. b) A longitudinal study. c) An experimental study. d) A randomized study.
3. Research from Schlundt Bodien & Nelck da Silva Rosa (2004) shows that reading to children has a stronger effect on girls than on boys. What kind of variable is gender in this case? a) A moderating variable. b) A mediating variable. c) An independent variable. d) A control variable.
4. Which type of study is most suitable when there is little to no insight in a certain problem or when there is no information available on how similar problems or research issues have been solved in the past? a) Exploratory study. b) Descriptive study. c) Causal study. d) Experiments.
5. Which of the following parts does not belong to a theoretical framework? a) The hypotheses corresponding to the model. b) The operationalization of the used constructs of the model. c) A logical explanation of the relationships within a model. d) A graphical representation of the model.
6. Case studies focus on collecting information about a specific, object event or activity, such as a particular business unit or organization. True or False 7. Moderation is a special case of mediation. True or False 8. The study setting is an element of research design. True or False 9. The unit of analysis refers to the aggregation level of the data collected. True or False 10. A hypothesis is based on theory. True or False 11. The type of investigation is an element of research design. True or False 12. A hypothesis can be based on inductive preliminary investigation or theory. True or False 13. The idea behind triangulation is that one can be more confident in a result if the use of different methods or sources leads to the same results. True or False 14. Action research is a systematic set of procedures to develop an inductively derived theory from the data. True or False
15. The explained variance (R2) of a model can increase if a mediating variable is included in the model. (pg 76) True or False 16. What cannot be the purpose of a causal study? a) Understanding the dependent variable. b) Predicting the dependent variable. c) Making sure that all relevant variables are included in the study. d) Explaining the variance in the dependent variable.
17. A moderating variable changes the relationship between a dependent and an independent variable. True or False 18. If a bank manager wants to analyze the relationship between interest rates and bank deposit patterns of clients, a 'field study' is the most suitable method of investigation. True or False 19. Job satisfaction is: a) An independent variable. b) A dependent variable. c) A moderating variable. d) This is not clear based on the above information. 20. "Job satisfaction has a positive effect on employee loyalty" is an example of a hypothesis. True or False 21. A hypothesis is by definition testable. True or False 22. Grounded theory is the planned watching, recording, analysis, and interpretation of behavior, actions, or events. True or False 23. Hypotheses can be tested by qualitative research. True or False 24. A director of Burger King wants to have an overview of the profits made in the last five years in the Netherlands, Germany and the Czech Republic. To get this, the profits of all individual franchise-establishments have to be aggregated. The 'unit of analysis' in this case is the individual franchiseestablishment. True or False 25. A moderating variable influences the dependent- as well as the independent variable. True False
26. A moderating variable influences the original relationship between one or more independent variables and a dependent variable. True False 27. When used, the null hypothesis is presumed true until statistical evidence, in the form of a hypothesis test, indicates otherwise. True False 28. The unit of analysis refers to the aggregation level of the data collected. True False 29. A theoretical framework contains all possible variables that can influence the dependent variable. True False 30. "Women are more motivated than men" is an example of a nondirectional hypotheses. True False 31. The hypothesis "Women are more motivated than men" is testable but not falsifiable. True False 32. Typically the Alternate Hypothesis is expressed as no (significant) relationship between two variables or no (significant) difference between two groups? True False 33. A theoretical framework represents your beliefs onhow certain phenomena (or variables or concepts) are related to each other (a model) and an explanation ofwhy you believe that these variables are associated with each other (a theory). True False 34. A null hypothesis (H0) is a hypothesis set up to be rejected in order to support an alternate hypothesis, labeled HA. True False 35. Another term for Independent Variable is Predictor Variable. True False 36. Another term for Moderating Variable is Extraneous Variable. True False 37. Theory is needed in Basic Research but not Applied Research. True False