Homefull

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H O M E F U L L O M E F U L L H M E F U L L H O E F U L L H O M F U L L H O M E U L L H O M E F L L H O M E F U L H O M E F U L H O M E F U L L O M E F U L L H M E F U L L H O E F U L L H O M F U L L H O M E ULLHOMEF HOMEFULL TINY HOMES AND COMMUNITIES FOR THE HOMELESS A LOOK THROUGH MINIMAL AND BIOPHILIC LENSES QUYNH-TRAM THI TRAN - ID 4755 + 4756 SPRING 2017

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

© 2017 Quynh-Tram Thi Tran. All Rights Reserved.

HOME F UL L Tiny Homes and Communities for the Homeless A Look through Minimal and Biophilic Lenses

By Quynh-Tram Thi Tran

An Undergraduate Thesis Proposal submitted to the School of Interior Design in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Interior Design.

Faculty Advisor T.L. Ritchie, Associate Professor

Louisiana State University Spring 2017 Graduating Class of 2017

P R E FAC E

Biographical Note 2 Acknowledgments 2

1

I NT ROD UCTI ON

Design Philosophy 4

2

RESEARCH

Abbreviated Literature Review 10

3

FOCU S AR E A

Introduction 30

Purpose Purpose and Goals 4

Literature Review

Research 30

Summary Thesis 5

Design Criteria 31

Research Question

Precedent Studies 13

Thesis Statement

Purpose

Concept Map

Precedents Findings

Context 6 Problem Location Project Type and Title Theme

Application Potential 32

4

SI TE AND B UI LDI NG

Site and Building Selection 36

5

P ROG RAM

Goals 54

6

DESIG N SOLUTION

Design Criteria 73

Functional Goals Existing Conditions 37

Form and Aesthetic Goals

Pre-Schematic Design 75 Introduction

Opportunities and Constraints 51

End User Profile 55

Pre-Schematic Design Drawings and Diagrams

Activity Requirements 56 Schematic Design 81 Program Requirements 57

Introduction

Program Summary

Schematic Design Solution

Detailed Program Codes and Building Occupancy

Design Development 86 Introduction Concept Statement Design Development Solution Specifications

Focus Area: Universal Design 99 Integration

Conclusion 170 Reference List 171

P OSTFACE

Annotated Bibliography 175 Appendices

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

Biographical Note Acknowledgments

1

PREFACE B I O G R A P HI CA L NOT E

G

that there is something special about nurturing the future generations as if they are seedlings of

rowing up in New Orleans, Quynh-

plants who need positivity. As an interior designer,

Tram Thi Tran was always an analytical

she has a duty to teach and educate the public.

perfectionist and adopted that trait

from her father, but she also developed a creative

AC K NOW L E D G ME NTS

side from her mother who cuts hair, draws, sews, bakes, cooks, and sings. Quynh’s hobbies

Every project is successful largely due to the

include singing, drawing, painting, designing

support of several wonderful people who have

and creating art, dancing, listening to music,

given their valuable advice, time, lent a helping

travelling, and helping others enrich their lives.

hand, and inspired great ideas.

From 2008-2013, she attended Eleanor McMain

I would like to acknowledge various individuals

Secondary School in New Orleans and graduated

who gave me support on this journey as I worked

as her class’s valedictorian. After graduating

on this thesis.

high school, she decided she wanted to study something that will trigger her analytical side

First, I would like to express debt of gratitude

as well as her creative side. She decided to

to my advisor T.L. Ritchie for her guidance

study interior design because she ultimately

and

wanted to design spaces that will make people

research. It took a while for me to find a topic

feel happy and that will bring people together

that would keep me engaged and invested,

as a community through kindness and love.

but she inspired me to study tiny homes and

patience

throughout

my

study

and

micro-housing after I expressed interest in From 2013-2017, she studied at Louisiana State

sustainability, waste, and consumerism culture.

University in pursuit of a Bachelor of Interior Design degree. She expresses interests in sustainability,

Second, I would like to thank my endearing

minimalism, wayfinding, hospitality, restaurants,

professor Marsha Cuddeback for her support,

and schools. She is a strong advocate for universal

understanding, and encouragement in helping me

design, environmentally friendly and minimal

to push forward in my research when I felt lost, stuck

lifestyles, and conscious, selfless decisions

or discouraged. She has been a great inspiration

that are thoughtful of everyone around her.

in my studies and interest with sustainability.

She aspires to further her education and go on

Third, I am indebted to John Campbell, a professor

to graduate school. After graduate school, she

who inspired me to look at the big picture and to

plans to gain experience in the field by working at

see how I can help move towards the solution.

other firms, collecting experiences and wisdom to one day run her own business. She expects

I thank the School of Interior Design at Louisiana

to one day become a professor at a university to

State University for introducing me to Universal

give back her hard-earned knowledge to future

Design and helping me to realize how significant

generations and to the community. She believes

it is to interior design.

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

Design Philosophy

Purpose and Goals

Thesis Research Question Thesis Statement Concept Map

Context Problem Location Project Type and Title Theme

3

1 INTRODUCTION DE S I G N P HI LO S O P HY

success by evaluating how much I have grown as a designer.

(I design spaces that are aesthetically pleasing, and

Interior design is important because without it, all

inspiring; that build positive relationships and

that is left is form, a shell. With all of that being

create meaningful experiences; and that evoke

said, I strive to help people find themselves, to

joy.)

positively build relationships in the spaces they

environmentally

friendly,

rejuvenating,

M

will interact in, and to find joy and happiness

y overall philosophy is to design for

in my designs. As an interior designer, I have

the wellbeing of the humans of today

a duty to teach and educate the public.

and the humans to come. I believe that

I should design making sustainable decisions

P UR P O S E A ND G OA L S

while being mindful of the public safety, health and welfare. I consider the big picture. When

The undergraduate senior Thesis is a self-

considering the details, aesthetics, functionality,

directed yearlong investigation. It begins with

experience, and wayfinding are all important

identifying a problem and proposed solution

considerations. I design spaces that best fit

in the fall semester and concludes with testing

the need of the users. I design spaces that

the solution through a design project in the

heal people. I create meaningful experiences

spring (Robinson and Parman 2010). The Thesis

where users will feel comfort instead of feeling

combines skills from the classroom and studio,

frustration, stress, and alienation.

which I have acquired over the past 4 years, and it is structured to encourage critical thinking,

By learning through experience through travel

develop deeper knowledge, solve challenging

and gaining knowledge of different cultures,

problems, and advance my design skills.

I can make the world a better place through my designs. By doing this, I am expanding my

Completing this yearlong Thesis provides an

knowledge and education, becoming more well-

opportunity for me to…

rounded. It is not the destination but rather the journey. If I have the best intentions and am

•

Improve my writing and public-speaking

confident with what I do, then I am successful.

•

Gain confidence in myself

The positive rewards of my accomplishments

•

Work with graphics and representation

help to rejuvenate and inspire me.

•

Get familiar with sustainability and biophilia

•

Explore homelessness, minimalism, the tiny home movement, and universal design

The rewards of interior design are also being able to the impact design has on people’s lives. I plan

•

Explore codes and apply them to a project

on measuring my success as an interior designer

•

Understand how to apply research to a complex design problem

by evaluating the decisions that I made while thinking about the environment, the people,

•

explored yet in school

and planet Earth. After a project is completed, I will also assess the project. I plan to measure my

Explore design issues that I have not

•

Bond with my colleagues and my professors

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

THESIS R E SE A R C H Q UE STI ON

H

THESIS STATEMENT

ow can tiny, minimal, and sustainable

An example of tiny homes in literature is

homes help homelessness in Baton

Thoreau’s Walden, where he moved to focus on

Rouge? How can tiny, minimal sustainable

nature free of distractions. In the past decade, the

homes in a community help to enrich the homeless

Tiny Home Movement has been growing where

physically, mentally, and emotionally? Can we

tiny homes with low square footages are being

design in a way that makes users conscious of

occupied. Thus, urban planners, architects, and

what is essential and what is not? Can we design

interiors designers are more extensively studying

in a way to transform users’ lives and help them

the Tiny Home Movement, hoping to utilize and

to realize that minimalism is a sustainable and rich

transform it into a way to help homelessness

way of living? How do we design buildings that

across the country. Tiny home communities and

create the best environment for people to live in

villages are emerging that are designed to be

and recover from the effects of homelessness?

low-cost effective, self-sustaining and volunteerbased. Because the homeless are living without a regular dwelling, they have no choice but to survive with only the essentials needed for living.

With a community and with support, the homeless can take shelter and dwell in tiny spaces with necessities and a steady income. The homeless have adapted a minimal lifestyle. The concepts of minimalism are found within the lifestyle of the homeless, and a homeless community can help to cultivate growth and tackle perpetual consumerism lifestyles. With a tiny, minimal, and sustainable homeless community that provides permanent supportive housing for the city’s homeless, it can help the homeless user group to feel a sense of belonging and a pride with the tiny space that they will occupy. It can help to spark hope in a community of people who empathize with a shared set of experience. This is a solution that serves as a stepping stone, to live in a cheap, low-cost space that allows for the residents to become stable and to save up before they move out into their own space.

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CONTEXT PROB LE M

H

efficiently in between uses. (4) Many shelters are not pet friendly, and many of the homeless

omelessness is defined as “the condition

have dogs or cats as their best friend and

of people without a regular dwelling”

companion. (5) Some shelters do not welcome

(ASLA). Homeless people sleep outside,

people who are under the influence of alcohol

even in the cold temperature. Most use

and illegal substances. (6) Many shelters have

cardboard boxes or layers of clothes to keep

a negative environment where theft and drug

warm, and if lucky, they can use piles of blankets.

deals take place, which makes it unwelcoming

Homelessness deteriorates children’s health

and dangerous. (7) Shelters can be difficult for

and development, emotional wellbeing and

families. (8) LGBTQ individuals more so than

issues such as depression and anxiety. Homeless

others often face discrimination. (9) Faith-based

individuals suffer from chronic illness such as

homeless shelters can be pushy, requiring the

hypertension and diabetes.

homeless guests to conform to their religion (Hoffman). (10) Another issue with homelessness

Homelessness results from a lot of different

is that cost can be high — hospitalization, medical

aspects such as affordable health care, domestic

treatment, incarceration, police intervention,

violence, mental illness, addiction disorders, but

emergency shelter expenses (NAEH).

it primarily results from addiction, unemployment, and inadequate income or underemployment.

Even when homeless persons find housing,

Homelessness and poverty are inseparably

they still need help with support services, and

linked. An inability to pay for living expenses and

many who are rehoused still come back to the

necessities, living paycheck to paycheck and in

shelters for social services and support services.

debt until an illness, an accident, or unexpected

Finding housing is only one step to the equation,

event can very quickly and very easily put a family

but another issue then presents itself: support

or a person on the streets (NCH).

services such as rehabilitation, detoxification, mental health and illnesses, addiction and illegal

Homeless shelters have been a continual solution

substances.

to homelessness, but they are not a very effective solution for many reasons. (1) The homeless

Many people have prejudices or biases against

must line up hours before the shelter opens to

the homeless, but design can be implemented to

secure a bed for the night, and this is a process

potentially help shift how society thinks of living.

that happens daily. There just are not enough

Design can help the homeless in many ways;

shelter beds available. According to the National

many aspects can be considered such as good

Alliance to End Homelessness, there are 184,000

design, ample light, and generous landscape.

more homeless people than available beds on

Beautiful social housing can potentially change

any given night. (2) Those who have jobs cannot

the homeless’ lives and the way communities feel

stay in line, and if they do stay in line, they are

about them. High design and aesthetics matter

risking losing their jobs. (3) Also, shelter beds can

to the homeless, too, because it changes the

have bed bugs or body lice from being shared

relationship and dynamics between the building

from person to person without being cleaned

and the residents.

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

R E SE A R C H ON THE E FFE C TS AND B E NE F I TS O F AC T IVI TI E S ON THE HOME L E SS

essential services to be within walking distance.

Of course, getting closer to downtown, there will be anticipated “Not In My Backyard-ists” or NIMBYists who do not want to live or work next to a complex that will house homeless

There are studies and research that prove the

people in it due to negative stereotypes about

benefits and importance of empowerment,

homelessness. However, the downtown area is

meaningful activities, leisure, social and cultural

the perfect location, not only because it is within

activities on the health and wellbeing of the

walking distance and transit distance to essential

homeless.

services, it is an opportunity that allows others to see that the building is not just “where homeless

Some examples of these activities are art,

people live” or “a shelter.” It is just like the other

improvement in the range of movement (i.e.

apartment buildings.

singing,

music,

dancing),

developing

skills

in self-expression (i.e. creative writing), and

P ROJECT TYP E AND TITLE

development of social skills and networks (i.e. group work).

To explore the homelessness in Baton Rouge, a tiny, minimal and sustainable homeless

The benefits include feelings of happiness and

community will be created. The project type

contentedness; strength and positive attitude;

is primarily a residential apartment complex

greater life satisfaction; healthier and longer

building that is called “Homefull,” a play on the

life; reduction of depression, anxiety, isolation;

word Homeless. Instead of “Home” plus “less”

promotion of relaxation, good sleeping patterns

it is “Home” plus “full.” The client profile is a

and daily routines; and motivation in life. These

single, young adult between the ages of 18

social and cultural activities can serve as a

to 30 who is looking for a tiny home and an

temporary distraction from drugs and alcohol.

intimate and supportive community. Of course, accessibility and aging in place are issues in a

LOCAT I ON

tiny home village, but because this space serves as a stepping stone for homeless young adults, it

The location of the project is Downtown Baton

will not be an issue while they stay.

Rouge, a convenient location that has many neighboring parks; art centers and galleries; universities,

high

schools,

middle

THEME

schools;

hospitals, medical centers; courts, museums,

Some creative and conceptual ideas of the

post offices, libraries; daycares; bus stations;

building include a garden space for users to plant

detoxification

centers;

fruits and vegetables at no cost and sharing with

organizations

each other, a community market where users can

geared towards the homeless; soup kitchens;

trade and share their plantings. There is a strong

churches available for those who are religious

connection to the natural exterior to promote

or

community and strengthen health.

pharmacies;

who

are

and many

rehabilitation non-profit

interested;

recycling

offices;

laundromats; apartments; entertainment such as haunted houses, theaters, the zoo, water park, yoga; even many homeless shelters and services nearby. Most important, most of the homeless do not own a car so it is essential for the location to be along a bus transit route and for nearby

Problem

Theory

Homelessness Community

Solution Self-Actualization

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CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

Abbreviated Literature Review Purpose Literature Review Summary

Precedent Studies Purpose Precedents Findings

© 2017 Quynh-Tram Thi Tran. All Rights Reserved.

9

2 RESEARCH A BB R E V I AT E D L I T E R AT U R E R E V I E W PURPOSE The purpose of an abbreviated literature review is to become aware of the existing literature on a topic, and select 3 sources to read, summarize and identify significant contributions to the topic in question.

1 Tiny Home s : I mprov ing Carb on Footp ri n t and the Ameri can Life s tyl e on a La rg e S ca l e

2 Sm a ll H ouse, Big Im p a c t : The Effec t of Tiny H ouses o n Community and Environment Kilman, Charlie. January 2016. “SMALL HOUSE,

Carlin, Timothy M. April 2014. “TINY HOMES :

BIG IMPACT : THE EFFECT OF TINY HOUSES ON

IMPROVING CARBON FOOTPRINT AND THE

COMMUNITY AND ENVIRONMENT.” Undergraduate

AMERICAN LIFESTYLE ON A LARGE SCALE.”

Journal of Humanistic Studies, 2 : 1-12. Accessed

College of Saint Benedict/Saint John’s University,

September 2016. https://apps.carleton.edu/ujhs/

1-21. Accessed September 2016.

assets/charlie_kilman_tinyhouses__4_.pdf.

Carlin explores the benefits and drawbacks of

Kilman considers different definitions of tiny

tiny homes according to the American lifestyle.

homes from different sources, all of which have

The benefits are (1) a greater social connection

different ranges of square footages to consider.

among

(3)

There is ambiguity around the definition of tiny

reduced cost of living and cooling bills, (4) the

homes because it depends (1) local building

potential for increased mobility, (5) not needing

codes, (2) owner preferences, (3) climate, and

to make payments on a mortgage, (6) reduced

other factors. He argues that the tiny home

environmental impact, (7) fewer belongings

is a legitimate housing alternative, fostering

and amount of clutter, (8) a general sense of

an environmental ethic and appreciation for

happiness about the amount of freedom, and (9)

community.

families,

(2)

reduced

heating,

the decrease in carbon footprint. The drawbacks are (1) if tiny homes are limited to the upper class, (2) the land availability, and (3) city and state building construction policy.

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CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

3 B u il d i ng Tog eth er. Ti ny H ou s e Villa g e s for th e H o m e l e ss: A Comp ara tive C a s e St u d y Mingoya,

Catherine.

June

2015.

“BUILDING

OCCUPY MADISON VILLAG E •

It was started by a group of homeless and sheltered.

•

Nonprofit organization

•

It is 17,492 square feet of land. It allows

TOGETHER. TINY HOUSE VILLAGES FOR THE

residents a total stay of 30 days, which can

HOMELESS : A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY.”

be extended to 60 days.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1-89. Accessed

•

numbers 05 and 27 buses.

edu/files/attachments/news/mingoya_2015.pdf.

• Mingoya has given insight to some of the problems with homelessness, such as health care

the general adult population. She explores why

There have not been episodes of conflict or violence.

•

will also save homeless lives, homeless adults having a mortality rate three times as high as

There are communal spaces such as a small courtyard with flower-beds.

•

cost, crime, trespass, public urination, loitering, begging, and public consumption of alcohol. It

It is located between a neighborhood and an industrial district.

•

costs. If the homeless are provided permanent housing, she states that it will reduce legal

Tiny houses were constructed out of reused materials. It is located along a bus route for

September 2016. https://dusp.mit.edu/sites/dusp.mit.

There were strong NIMBYists amongst neighbors and the local police.

•

It does not have on-site medical care or counseling.

permanent housing for the homeless is difficult, some reasons being costs and high costs of

The goal is to create housing for those in need

financing,

policies,

and bridge social gaps that isolate the homeless

NIMBYism. Accessible and affordable units

by providing resources and support from the

for low or no income people is expensive and

broader and overall community. There is social

challenging, and even finding space to build

support, food, people, tents, which allowed for

accessible low-income housing can be difficult

an intimate experience, living, eating, holding

because of zoning and community opposition

meetings with the homeless. They constantly

by NIMBYists. An important element of tiny

had to move the structures in accordance with

home villages is communal spaces such as front

parking laws and city rules. “Board members

porches,

facilities,

feel strongly that OMV is, ideally, a space where

showers. However, tiny homes for the homeless

people can live, free of financial charge until they

rarely have these amenities. Low-cost and self-

die.” It sounds too good to be true, but is there

sustaining, tiny house villages are on the rise.

any way that this can be made possible or close

building

recreation

codes,

and

zoning

cooking

to it? If a resident’s behavior is harmful to another She compares two case studies of tiny home

resident or visitor, he or she may be asked to

villages for those experiencing homelessness,

leave.

(1) OCCUPY MADISON VILLAGE in Madison, Wisconsin and (2) DIGNITY VILLAGE in Portland, Oregon.

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DI GNI TY VI LLAGE

FINDING S

•

It shelters 60 residents.

Carlin helped list the positive aspects of tiny

•

It provides a strong sense of community. It

houses and how it benefits society, relationships,

allows strong and supportive relationships

and overall lifestyles. It inspires consideration of

and friendships to form via time and

how the thesis proposal will not only meet the

proximity. These friendships can help people

needs of the homeless but the people in the

with depression, anxiety and addiction.

community and location as well. The building is

It is an intentional Tiny House community

not only going to affect the users, but it is going

established over 10 years ago.

to affect the surroundings.

• •

Residents have a maximum of two year stay.

•

Residents pay $35 per month. Money is raised

Kilman helped to consider what exactly a tiny

and earned through “microenterprises.”

house is or what micro-housing means. To design

Bathing is a public communal space.

something, one must know exactly what one is

However, there is no sign-in system or limit

designing and the technical definitions. Kilman

to showering times so residents must wait

helped express the importance of local building

unpredictably.

codes and zoning ordinances, even climate,

It has a common space called the “People

prevalent winds, etc. Overall, he argues that

Aquarium,” where villagers can make coffee,

tiny homes foster an environmental ethic and

eat cereal, watch TV.

appreciation for community, two very important

Transit was a major issue. It is far from the

points in the thesis proposal.

•

•

•

city, and the bus shuts down early.

•

• •

It has issues with environmental health issues

Mingoya was very insightful in consideration

for its residents because it is located near a

issues with homelessness that need to be

composting facility.

considered. To design for a problem, one must

It has issues with flooding and mold caused

understand as much of the problem as one can

by poor storm water management.

through research. She also analyzed two case

There are port-a-potties located further

studies of tiny home villages for the homeless,

from the tiny homes, and urine or feces are

helping to find the successes and failures of each

present on the seat and floor

project.

•

it is distant from resources and social services

•

It accommodates all individuals and families,

These three abbreviated literature reviews were

regardless of gender conformity.

very inspirational and informative in successes

It is located less than one mile from the

and issues in the subjects of tiny homes,

Portland International Airport.

tiny house villages, and tiny house villages

•

The cold seeps into the structures.

specifically for homelessness. They helped to

•

It is almost entirely self-sustaining

further considerations such as site and location,

•

A major critique is that it has done little

materials, issues in the topic of homelessness,

to maintain and build relationships with

and community-building. It helped to get

charities,

creative juices and ideas flowing for the thesis

•

social

service

providers

and

volunteers, which is important because the homeless needs connection to capital, education, job training, and social support.

proposal.

12

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

PRECEDENT STUDIES P UR P OS E The purpose of conducting a precedent study in interior design is to examine and analyze the attributes of an existing project that serve as an example for the concept, programming, and/or design of a proposed design project.

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PRE CE DE NT STUDY 1

THE NATIONAL STADIUM OF BRA ZIL

Name: Casa Futebol Address and Country: Brazil Project Type: Adaptive re-use, residential Total Area (S.F.): Varies Stadiums: 12 Architects: Axel de Stampa, Sylvain Macaux

DE S CRI PTI ON Name: National Stadium of Brazil The Brazilian government kicked out about

Address and Country: Brazil

170,000 of their residents from their homes to

Project Type: Stadium

demolish the buildings and put up stadiums,

Total Area (S.F.): 1130

tourist attractions, etc. The government spent

Designer/Architect: Icaro de Castro Mello

$4 billion renovating and constructing stadiums for the 2014 FIFA World Cup, but now that the

THE ARENA DAS DUNAS

event is over, they are not effectively used. Not yet built, “Casa Futebol” is a project proposed

by French architects Axel de Stampa and Sylvain Macaux. It is a collection of 12 proposed adaptively reused stadiums as tiny homes for the homeless in Brazil. “Their idea is to keep the stadiums as they are while simultaneously giving back to the community.” The stadium is filled with compact house modules or containers as living quarters all around and within the stadium. The proposed plan states that soccer

Name: Arena das Dunas

matches and other tournaments could still occur

Address and Country: Brazil

to generate ticket revenue necessary to sustain

Project Type: Stadium

building maintenance and bills.

Capacity: 42,000 seats Project Year: 2014 Total Area (S.F.): 1130 Designer/Architect: Populous building maintenance and bills.

14

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

Q UA NT I TATI VE ANALYS I S

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

Only two of twelve stadiums from the proposed

The precedent helped to evoke ideas of

project were included in this precedent. Although

sustainability, adaptive reuse, and how tiny

only proposed, the stadiums consist of tiny home

homes

modules, keeping the field for games to continue

functional yet beautiful. The colorful tiny home

to generate ticket revenues for financial reasons.

modules help to bring life and attention to the

Each module’s square footage is about 1130, or

stadiums, allowing viewers from the outside to

105 square meters. The architecture and design

wonder and see what is going on in the structure.

team estimate between 1,500 and 2,000 people in each stadium, a total of about 20,000 across the entire project.

Q UA L I TATI VE ANALYS I S Six of the twelve stadiums had their exterior façade colonized. Five of the twelve stadiums had exterior structure composed of concrete and metal columns. The modular housing units are proposed to be installed between concrete pylons and stacked around the stadium’s perimeter. This is to make the most use of the space which is otherwise not used.

can

be

proposed

into

something

15

CI TATI ONS AND SOURCES 1. “Architects Plan to Turn Brazil’s Empty Stadiums into Housing for Homeless.” Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.earthporm.com/architects-plan-turn-brazils-empty-stadiums-housinghomeless.

2. Arena das Dunas / Populous.” ArchDaily. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.archdaily. com/513274/arena-das-dunas-populous.

3. “Casa Futebol.” Axel de Stampa. July 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://axeldestampa. com/Casa-Futebol.

4. “Casa Futebol by Axel de Stampa and Sylvain Macaux.” ItsLiquid. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.itsliquid.com/casa-futebol-1week1project.html.

5. Equipo PARQ. “Casa Futebol Proposes a Different Olympic Legacy for Brazil’s Stadiums.” ArchDaily.

Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.archdaily.com/526191/casa-futebol-proposes-adifferent-olympic-legacy-for-brazil-s-stadiums.

6. Grozdanic, Lidija. “Casa Futebol: Architect Want to Turn Brazil’s Stadiums into Affordable Housing.”

Inhabitat. Web. October 2016. http://inhabitat.com/casa-futebol-architects-want-to-turn-brazilsstadiums-into-affordable-housing.

7. Lavars, Nick. “Casa Futebol Concept Would Turn World Cup Stadiums into Low-Cost Housing.”

New Atlas. July 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://newatlas.com/casa-futebol-brazilworld-cup-stadiums/33003.

8. Lima, Mauricio. “Brazilian Slum Dwellers Push Back Against Olympic Development.” The New York

Times.

Web.

October

2016.

http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2012/02/27/world/

americas/20120228-BRAZIL-10.html.

9. Noe, Rain. “Casa Futebol Concept to Turn World Cup Stadiums into Public Housing.” Core77.

July 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.core77.com/posts/27303/casa-futebolconcept-to-turn-world-cup-stadiums-into-public-housing-27303.

10. “Week 29 – House Football.” 1 Week 1 Project. July 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http:// www.1week1project.org/2014/07/06/casa-futebol.

16

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

P R E C E DENT STUDY 2 Name: MLF’s Community First! Village Address and Country: Austin, Texas Project Type: Community mixed-use development Total Area (s.f.): 27-acre Designer/Architect: Alan Graham, Sixthriver Architects, and Hatch Ulland Owen Architects Other Important Facts: Top Honors in Construction Awards Program

DE S C R I PTI ON A development of the nonprofit organization Mobile Loaves & Fishes, Community First! Village is a planned community providing (1) affordable and (2) permanent housing and a supportive community for the homeless who have physical or emotional limitations. Being powered by Christian motives, this community’s purpose is to cultivate love, service and empowerment to the homeless as well as the surrounding community into a lifestyle of service with the homeless. It was designed to heal the broken hearts of the homeless population in Austin, Texas and to help them “rediscover hope, renew their purpose and restore their dignity” (Mlfnow). “The goal of this master planned community is to lift up to 250 homeless people off the streets, provide them shelter and give them an opportunity to revitalize their lives” (Thomas).

17

Q UANTI TATI VE AN ALYSIS

QUAL ITATIVE ANALYSIS

The program spaces are as follows:

For safety reasons, Community First! Village is a gated community to allow users a sense of

1 Amphitheater

7 Cabin/tent

privacy that was rare to have for the homeless

2 Operations/yard

8 Trash/recycling

on the streets and in shelters. There is an

3 Community market

9 Community garden

application process where prospective residents

4 Tipi site

10 Great hall

are screened, go through a background check,

5 Laundry facilities

11 Chapel

and must prove that they have an income. Rent

6 Outdoor theater

12 Medical facility

ranges from $120 to $450 a month. Residents are given opportunities within this community

Community First! Village is a community-based

to earn an income, such as micro-enterprises,

homeless, meaning it has many communal spaces

artwork and wares to be sold.

that encourage users to become friends and support each other. It contains 100 lots for RV’s,

The

energy-efficient,

insulated,

and

heat-

about 125 micro-houses, and 25 tent-cottages.

protected micro-houses were designed by

The spaces are as follows: outdoor theater;

students at the University of Texas School of

a community garden called Genesis Garden

Architecture. Because of building code, the

that is on three acres of land, other gardens

village is located just outside Austin’s city limits.

dispersed on site; chapel; community market; amphitheater; walking trails; a 700 square feet

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

art studio and workshop where residents can be creative; art gallery; chicken, beehives, and fish

This precedent helps with the research with

operations; woodshop; and a dog park.

homelessness and tiny, minimal and sustainable homes because it shows how a community filled

Community First! has formed a staff board to

with love and support for one another can aspire

run the village as well as get partnerships from

those who are broken and lost to get back up

local businesses. Their financial expenses, assets,

on their feet and start over. It is empowering

liabilities, and net assets are greatly detailed on

seeing what a community can do once they build

their website. By keeping operating costs low, it

that support for each other. It cultivates love

allows them to put 85% of all money raised into

and service, and those two things can motivate

the program services for the homeless users.

people to do the kindest things for others. The precedent also helped to inspire creative and conceptual ideas in terms of programming, incorporating unique ideas of communal spaces that are possible. 

18

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

C I TAT I ON S AND S OURCE S 1. “Community First! Village — Mobile Loaves & Fishes.” Mobile Loaves Fishes. 2015. Accessed September 2016. http://mlf.org/community-first.

2. Danson, Casey Coates. “How Tiny House Communities Can Work for Both the Haves and the Have Nots.” Global Possibilities. March 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www. globalpossibilities.org/how-tiny-house-communities-can-work-for-both-the-haves-and-the-havenots.

3. “Financials.” Mobile Loaves Fishes. 2015. Accessed October 2016. http://mlf.org/community-first.

4. GoodNewsNetwork. September 2014. “Innovative Austin Micro-Village Will Rent to Homeless for $210 a Month - Good News Network.” Good News Network. Accessed September 2016. http:// www.goodnewsnetwork.org/micro-village-will-rent-to-austin-homeless-for-210-a-month/.

5. Hartman, Pat. “Exciting Development in Austin.” House the Homeless, Inc. September 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.housethehomeless.org/exciting-development-in-austin.

6. Mlfnow. May 2014. “Community First! Village.” YouTube. Accessed September 2016. https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pc0HaWUHCO8.

7. Mlfnow. August 2016. “Community First! Village – A New Movement.” YouTube. Accessed September 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=27XDnHnzdck&feature=youtu.be.

8. “Site Map.” Mobile Loaves & Fishes. http://maxcdnmlf.mobileloavesfois.netdna-cdn.com/wpcontent/uploads/2016/08/Map_CommunityFirstVillage_MLF.pdf.

9. Thomas, David. “27 Acre Community First Village Ends Austin Homelessness.” The Austinot.

September 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://austinot.com/community-first-village.

10. Weeks, Eliza. May 2016. “Community First Goes Beyond Housing for Austin Homeless.” The Austinot. Accessed September 2016. http://austinot.com/community-first-village-austin.

11. 11 Yost, Julie. July 2015. “Community First! Austin’s Visionary Impact Village.” SXSW Eco. Accessed September 2016. http://sxsweco.com/news/2015/community-first-austins-visionaryimpact-village.

19

P R ECE DE NT STUDY 3 Name: Dignity Village Address and Country: Portland, Oregon Project Type: Residential community

DE S CRI PTI ON Dignity Village started out as a camping protest

Village provides the homeless opportunities

by homeless activists, which then emerged into

to entrepreneurial projects, raising money and

a tent city in December 2000 under a downtown

accepting donations through plant sales, tie-dye

bridge. Since 2001, Dignity Village provides

t-shirt sales, flea markets, hot dog stands, scrap

year-round shelter and safety off the streets. It

metal recycling and firewood sales.

is a green, sustainable urban village for those seeking shelter but are unable to find it, and

The “village� community has five rules: no

its goal is to provide transitional housing that

violence, theft, alcohol or drugs within a one-

fosters community and self-empowerment. The

block radius, constant disruptive behavior, and

homeless came out from under bridges, under

mandated 10 hours per week of work to upkeep

bushes of public parks to this community, openly

the village.

with nothing and nothing to hide. Their mission is to establish a community-based living facility where basic needs can be met in a stable, sanitary environment free from violence, theft, disruption of peace, and drugs and alcohol. Dignity

20

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

21

Q UANTI TATI VE AN ALYSIS

QUAL ITATIVE ANALYSIS

The program spaces are as follows:

The structures are made from donated, recycled and reclaimed materials, and it has a very low

1 Showers environmental impact because resource use 2 Distribution of donated items, personal items,

is minimal. On the interiors, each residential

and construction material

structure comes with a bed and propane heater.

3 Sanitary facilities

The residences do not have utility hook-ups, few

4 Private and communal food and flower gardens

are connected to electricity, and the units do

5 Internet access

not have running water. The community itself

6 Emergency transportation

does have electricity, internet, waste removal,

7 Weekly community meetings

port-a-potty service and water. Dignity Village

8 Access to education

welcomes couples and pets. Children are not

9 Medical care on scheduled basis by doctors

allowed because background checks are not

10

required.

Communal

cooking

and

refrigeration

facilities 11 Access to prescription medication assistance

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

12 Access to counseling 13 Rudimentary first aid

Unlike Community First! Village, Dignity Village

14 Access to television (limited)

does not require background checks. This

15 Access to telephone

precedent looks at functionality, sanitation, and budget more closely over aesthetics. Also,

Since 2001, Dignity Village provides year-round

the village welcomes everyone with warm and

shelter and safety off the streets for 60 people

open arms with no background check needed.

every night. There are two shared sinks, one

Sustainable practices are the driving force in

shower for the whole community, and port-a-

the function. The micro-houses are made from

lets. Villagers only pay $20 to $35 per month to

donated, recycled and reclaimed materials.

contribute to overhead and operating expenses, which should not be too bad or too difficult

CITATIONS AND SOURCE S

to earn in a month. The rest of the operating budget comes from private donations and microbusiness revenues.

1. “Dignity Village.” Dignity Village. https:// dignityvillage.org.

2. Green, Marcus Harrison. “In a Tiny House Village, Portland’s Homeless Find Dignity.”

Yes! Magazine. January 2016. Accessed October

2016.

http://www.yesmagazine.

org/peace-justice/-in-a-tiny-house-villageportlands-homeless-find-dignity-20160128.

22

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

P R E C E DENT STUDY 4 Name: “The Butterfly Huts” Soe Ker Tie Address and Country: Noh Bo, Tak, Thailand Project Type: Dormitories Building Period: 11/2008 – 02/2009 Designer/Architect: TYIN Tegnestue

DE S C R I PTI ON In Thailand, these butterfly bamboo homes were created for Thai orphans and refugees, “beautifully

designed

vernacular-inspired

(and

architecture

super-efficient) with

social

responsibility in aiding the plight of Karen refugee orphans” (Archdaily). The name “The Butterfly Huts” come from their “winged” appearance, designed with consideration of the children’s happiness and health. In this space, the orphans can learn, sleep and play in, essentials in the development and happiness when considering nature’s effects on children.

23

24

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

is minimal. On the interiors, each residential

Q UA NT I TATI VE ANALYS I S

structure comes with a bed and propane heater.

The residences do not have utility hook-ups, few

The program spaces are as follows:

are connected to electricity, and the units do not have running water. The community itself

1 Six sleeping units

does have electricity, internet, waste removal,

2 Chest table

port-a-potty service and water. Dignity Village

3 Quiet bench

welcomes couples and pets. Children are not

4 Open courtyard

allowed because background checks are not

5 Yard with benches

required.

6 Stair of old tires 7 Riverbed

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

8 Secluded porch 9 Water storage •

This precedent gave insight into the different

The orphanage was intended to house around 50 but houses 24 children.

•

A total of six woven bamboo huts were made.

Most of the bamboo used is harvested

in with vernacular architecture. The special “winged” roof’s purpose is for natural ventilation, but it also collects rainwater.

Sleeping units are raised off the ground on four concrete foundations to prevent problems with moisture and rotting.

“The main driving force behind the Soe Ker Tie House was to provide the children with their own private space, a place that they could call home and a space for interaction and play” (TYIN Architects).

•

It offers both private and communal spaces that allows its users to socialize through areas of recreation or to spend time alone.

•

TYIN is a non-profit organization, a group of architecture students from Trondheim’s Norwegian

bamboo or other local materials, recycled and

modern and contemporary. It can be vernacular

method, allowing the structures to blend

•

framing and steel construction. It could be

diminish its aesthetics. It does not have to look

locally and woven using a traditional

•

United States. It does not have to be wood-

reclaimed materials, and even then, it does not

Q UA L I TATI VE ANALYS I S •

possibilities of building materials outside of the

University

of

Science

and

Technology (NTNU).

The structures are made from donated, recycled and reclaimed materials, and it has a very low environmental impact because resource use

architecture.

CITATIONS AND SOURCES 1. “Bamboo Orphanage at Soe Ker Tie House

by TYIN Tegnestue.” DesignBoom. January 2014.

Web.

Accessed

October

2016.

http://www.designboom.com/architecture/ bamboo-orphanage-at-soe-ker-tie-houseby-tyin-tegnestue-01-07-2014.

2. Saieh, Nico. “Soe Ker Tie House / TYIN Tegnestue.”

Accessed

Archdaily.

October

June

2016.

2009.

http://www.

archdaily.com/25748/soe-ker-tie-house-tyintegnestue.

3. Slessor, Catherine. “Soe Ker Tie Houses by Tyin Tegnestue, Noh Bo, Tak, Thailand.”

The

Architectural

Review.

November

2009. Web. October 2016. https://www. architectural-review.com/today/soe-kertie-houses-by-tyin-tegnestue-noh-bo-takthailand/8600565.article.

4. “Soe Ker Tie House.”TYIN Architects. 2008.

Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www. tyinarchitects.com/works/soe-ker-tie-house.

25

PRE CE DE NT STUDY 5 Name: Bakhita Gardens Address and Country: Seattle, WA Project Type: Permanent Supportive Housing: Total Area (s.f.: 38,000 Building Period: 2010 Designer/Architect: Environmental Works Community Design Center

DE S CRI PTI ON Bakhita Gardens was named after a woman named Josephine Bakhita. Located in a busy urban location, Bakhita Gardens is a transitional and permanent supportive housing project, built to “provide peace of mind to residents and staff.” It serves women who have been homeless for an extended period. It provides homeless women with an opportunity to transform their lives

through

community-centered

housing.

Most importantly, Bakhita Gardens wanted to create a space where homeless women would feel welcomed. “These women have been marginalized for much of their lives.”

26

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

Q UA NT I TATI VE ANALYS I S

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

In 2010, this permanent supportive housing was

This precedent tremendously helped inspire

built for single adult homeless women who paid

programming communal spaces for the thesis

20%-30% of their income as the cost of permanent

proposal. It is roughly around the same square

housing, equivalent to rent. The building has 6

footage as “Homefull” in downtown Baton

floors and is approximately 36,000 square feet.

Rouge, and it shares other components such

Included in the programming were retail, library,

similar number of floors, project type, and

computer lab, laundry, nurse/exam room, food

interest in sustainable design.

bank, external porch/deck, client mailboxes, media room, conference room, administration

CITATIONS AND SOURCES

offices, case manager offices, dining, client storage, client personal refrigerators, and pest

“Bakhita Gardens.” Design Resources for

eradication units for belongings.

Homelessness. 2016. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://designresourcesforhomelessness.

Q UA L I TATI VE ANALYS I S

org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Bakhita_ Seattle-1.pdf.

Bakhita Gardens had the following spaces: entrance area and lobby, residential space, cubicles, dining room, exterior, foyer, media room, library, basement storage, case manager office, advocate desk, sleeping pod bed, sleeping pod millwork, dining room, dining room away space, and exterior deck. There was an art program where they could create original artwork and feel a sense of ownership since they created artwork that helped to decorate the space.

27

PRECEDENT FINDINGS aesthetics. It doesn’t have to look modern and

PRE CE DE NT 1

contemporary. It can be vernacular architecture.

The precedent helped to evoke ideas of sustainability, adaptive reuse, and how tiny homes

can

be

proposed

into

something

functional yet beautiful. The colorful tiny home modules help to bring life and attention to the stadiums, allowing viewers from the outside to wonder and see what is going on in the structure.

PRE CE DE NT 2 This precedent helps with the research with homelessness and tiny, minimal and sustainable homes because it shows how a community filled with love and support for one another can aspire those who are broken and lost to get back up on their feet and start over. It is empowering seeing what a community can do once they build that support for each other. It cultivates love and service, and those two things can motivate people to do the kindest things for others. The precedent also helped to inspire creative and conceptual ideas in terms of programming, incorporating unique ideas of communal spaces that are possible.

PRE CE DE NT 3 This precedent gave insight into the different possibilities of building materials outside of the United States. It doesn’t have to be wood-framing and steel construction. It could be bamboo or other local materials, recycled and reclaimed materials, and even then, it doesn’t diminish its

P RECEDENT 4 This precedent gave insight into the different possibilities of building materials outside of the United States. It doesn’t have to be wood-framing and steel construction. It could be bamboo or other local materials, recycled and reclaimed materials, and even then, it doesn’t diminish its aesthetics. It doesn’t have to look modern and contemporary. It can be vernacular architecture.

P RECEDENT 5 This precedent was a combination of two case studies that tremendously helped inspire programming communal spaces for the thesis proposal. They are roughly around the same square footage as “Homefull” in downtown Baton Rouge, and they share other components such as floors, project type, and user profile.

OVE RALL The

precedents

helped

inspire

ideas

programming, materials, and even design.

for

28

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH

29

30

CHAPTER 3 FOCUS AREA

Introduction

Research

Design Criteria

Application Potential

© 2017 Quynh-Tram Thi Tran. All Rights Reserved.

29

3 FOCUS AREA INTRODUCTION : UNIVE RSAL DE S I GN I NTE GRATION “One design does not fit all.” – Valerie Fletcher

U

niversal Design is defined as “the process of creating products (devices, environments, systems, and processes)

which are usable by people with the widest possible range of abilities, operating within the widest possible range of situations (environments, conditions, and circumstances)” (Nussbaumer 29). Although it is impossible to create every product to fit the needs of all people, it is more practical and logical to create a product to fit the “widest possible range of abilities.” It is an attempt to making design accessible to everyone in society.

accidental or unintended actions.

6. Low Physical Effort: The design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of fatigue.

7. Size and Space for Approach and Use: Appropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and use regardless of user’s body size, posture, or mobility.

Successful Universal Design does not highlight or spotlight any one type of user but instead blends them all into the environment to all fit in and be of one group. No user should feel segregated or stigmatized due to a disability or ability.

considerations. Door levers can replace door

Universal Design consists of seven fundamental principles:

knobs to help animals, users with reduced motor ability in the wrist, and the majority of other users to easily open doors. Standard doors need to be

1. Equitable Use: The design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities.

2. Flexibility in Use: The design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities.

3. Simple and Intuitive Use: Use of the design is easy to understand, regardless of the user’s experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level. communicates

hazards and the adverse consequences of

Here are some examples of Universal Design

RE S E ARCH

4. Perceptible

conditions or the user’s sensory abilities.

5. Tolerance for Error: The design minimizes

Information: necessary

The

design

information

effectively to the user, regardless of ambient

at least 36” wide because if they are narrower, they will be a barrier to wheelchair users, mobie users, delivery staff with rolling carts, or persons with a larger body width. The installation of automated doors makes the building accessible to everyone—babies, wheelchair users, someone carrying a large box. Entrances should have ramps instead of stairs. Imagine how convenient this would be for parents with baby strollers, delivery staff with rolling carts, wheelchair users, and even skateboarders. If televisions and projections are captioned, it is accessible to not only people who are deaf but for everyone.

30

CHAPTER 3 FOCUS AREA

DESIGN CRITERIA DE S I G N CRI TE RI A I NT ROD UCTI ON The Design Criteria are a list of standards which structure design decisions and against which the outcomes of your project will be evaluated.

These are critical to informing your design process and creating a framework for making design decisions.

The purpose of the design criteria is to identify potential problems or targets for the space that were found in the research and precedents.

I SS UE S A ND CON SI DE RATI ONS 1. Daylighting Because there are a lot of curtain walls around the building, daylighting needs to be controlled, especially on the east, west, and south facing walls. The building has great potential for a well-lit space that will be highly beneficial for residents’ health and well-being. Light wells, transom windows, and other daylighting solutions can be considered. Daylight harvesting can be considered to reduce overhead lighting use to save money on electrical utilities, to automate control of lights, and to provide health benefits when using correct lighting.

2. Community based spaces The community-based spaces will be highly

crucial to the design because of the user group, therefore innovative and extraordinary measures should be considered to create a space where the residents can transform. Some of the spaces are the courtyard, living room, lounge areas, community of administrative workers, exterior deck, exterior garden, community market, and community dining.

3. Environmentally friendly Water harvesting and smart usage of water are some ways in which a building and its users can consciously be environmentally friendly.

Recycling is accessible to the residents through recycling knowledge, recycling bins, and a recycling service that regularly comes to pick up recycled items from the building.

4. From the inside out Extending the design from the interior to the exterior helps to create a holistic design that is carefully sewn together. The community market and courtyard are two spaces that are located just outside of the building on ground level. Considering how guests arrive to the main entrance and how guests will arrive using public transportation will help to understand the building and how it functions and will continue to function.

5. Sustainable construction materials Although the building shell has already been constructed, the materials used for upholstery,

31

flooring,

ceiling,

wallcoverings,

dividing

screens, partitions, and other accessories can be considered.

6. Specifications The specifications need to be able to withstand wear and tear and be low maintenance. There are many residents who will be coming and going from this facility as well as children who will be growing and developing here. It is expected to upkeep with the appearance and cleanliness of materials while not sacrificing the homey feeling.

7. Affordability Provide an affordable space for the residents to reduce pressure while they try to look for a job, get an education, gain life skills, stabilize their mental health, reduce and rid of substance abuse, and other issues within the user group.

8. Safety and security A safe and secure space for the residents will be very important since a lot of the residents will have been in foster care, on the go from place to place, in homeless shelters, or on the streets. A possible solution can be key card access and/or key lock access.

9. Universal design Careful consideration of a variety of users can help gauge what kind of users will be entering and using the space. For instance, if the user group is individuals between the ages of 18 to 30 who are homeless, it is best to understand what types of individuals make up that group to best design for that group. Every person’s unique experience matters, and although it is unrealistic to try to imagine every possible experience, it is worth it to explore a handful intimate ones.

FOCU S AREA For this thesis proposal, the areas of emphasis that will be further researched within Universal Design is biophilia with a sub-focus on furniture that is modular, minimal, multifunctional, and transformative.

Biophilia is a hypothesis that suggests humans possess an innate tendency to seek connections with nature and other forms of life. Because the homeless residents will be familiar with nature in the sense that some have had to live outside under a bridge, it will bring that sense of familiarity that will help residents to feel safe. With this comfort and familiarity, it will help residents to move on up in the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.

Furniture that is multifunctional, transformative, modular, and minimal will help the space to always be capable of shifting to the different users’ needs. The worst thing is to create a constant and stagnant space that forces users to adapt to it. By having adjustability and preference for the residents, it will help them to grow and develop in a space that will be comfort and universal because everyone has different needs.

AP P L ICATION P OTENTIAL Universal Design is so important because it considers the global aspect of design that occurs everywhere and is available to everyone across

multi-generations—babies,

elderly,

pregnant women, persons with decreased motor capabilities in wrist, persons with temporary or

permanent

disabilities,

wheel-chair

or

walker users, persons with dwarfism, persons accompanied by service pets, all different kinds of users with different needs and disabilities.

32

33

34

CHAPTER 4 SITE AND BUILDING

Site and Building Selection

Existing Conditions

Opportunities and Constraints © 2017 Quynh-Tram Thi Tran. All Rights Reserved.

35

4 SITE AND BUILDING

36

CHAPTER 4 SITE AND BUILDING

EXISTING CONDITIONS L O C AT I O N A N D A D D R E S S 500 Laurel Street, Baton Rouge, LA 70801

B UI L DI NG S Q UA R E F O O TA G E

A DJAC E N T B U S I NE S S E S / R E L AT I O N S H I P T O COMMUNITY Located in downtown Baton Rouge, the Union Federal Savings and Loan Association building is surrounded by many diverse businesses and

30,000 square feet

organizations that will serve users for different purposes and different reasons. The building has

DE S C R I P T I ON

T

unique features such as a courtyard on the ground floor and a patio outdoor space on the second floor.

he existing building’s property name

The location of the project is Downtown Baton

is “Union Federal Savings and Loan

Rouge, a convenient location that has many

Association”

neighboring parks; art centers and galleries;

and

is

currently

being

occupied by Business First Bank as its official

universities,

corporate headquarters. It is located at a corner

hospitals, medical centers; courts, museums,

lot at 500 Laurel Street, at latitude 30.450243

post offices, libraries; daycares; bus stations;

and longitude -91.185597. It has a total square

detoxification

footage of 30000. It is “cast in place concrete

pharmacies;

construction with many rows of large single-

geared towards the homeless; soup kitchens;

pane windows separated by the vertical concrete

churches available for those who are religious

structural members” (NPS). “The L shaped

or

building includes a small courtyard that is part

laundromats; apartments; entertainment such as

of the original design. Parking lots are situated

haunted houses, theaters, the zoo, water park,

to the south and west of the building. The

yoga; even many homeless shelters and services

interior of the building includes several original

nearby. Most important, most of the homeless

details, primarily in the entry and lobby areas.

do not own a car so it is essential for the location

This building retains a high degree of historic

to be along a bus transit route and for nearby

integrity” (NPS). The elongated building runs

essential services to be within walking distance.

parallel to Laurel Street. The building has two connected parts, a six-story block for administrative office spaces and a two-story block for a public lobby space. Located to the west of the two-story block is a landscaped courtyard.

who

high

are

schools,

and many

middle

rehabilitation non-profit

interested;

schools;

centers;

organizations

recycling

offices;

37

HI STO R I C P R E S E R VAT I O N R E G U L AT I O N S

E XI ST I NG CONDI T I ON S The 30,000 square-feet, midcentury modernist, international style building is currently located

In June 2016, the building was redeveloped

at 500 Laurel Street in downtown Baton Rouge

by architect Dyke Nelson, his business partner

and has six total floors. Constructed in 1956 by

David Weinstein, and lead interior designer

A. Hays Town, it was Hays Town’s first attempt at

Leslie Herpin Marx. The Union Federal Savings

using colored glasses for windows and exposed

building has received historic tax credits and is

concrete as the structural grid. It was constructed

listed on the National Register of Historic Places

using clad with white Alabama marble, featuring

through the United States National Park Service.

special heat-reflecting glass windows to control the interior’s climate. Its historic function was

T R A N S P O R T AT I O N , E X T E R I O R C I R C U L AT I O N

commerce/trade:

financial

institution.

The

materials used to construct the building were concrete for the foundation, and glass and

In the Downtown Development District, there

concrete for the walls. The building is structurally

is a total of eleven parking garages. There are

held up by columns on the exterior, and on the

surface parking lots, valet parking, on-street

interior, the curtain glazing walls serve as the

meter parking, and handicap parking with ADA

structural support.

accessible parking on streets and within garages.

There are many bike paths, one being the Baton Rouge Levee Bike Path along the Mississippi River and another being the Downtown Greenway.

As for public transportation, in the three-by-three block radius, there are 8 bus stops. The buses that stop by are: 10, 15, 16, 22, 44. Perhaps a proposal for Baton Rouge can be to give the homeless population identification cards that will allow them to ride on the public transit for a discount or for free. The Capital Area Transit Baton Rouge bus has a real-time tracker at the following address: http://98.164.132.99:8081/ fixedroute.

38

CHAPTER 4 SITE AND BUILDING

INTERIOR BUILDING CONDITIONS

S E RVI C E F UN C T I ON S The building currently functions as a bank, with the first and second floors as public and semiprivate spaces for both administrative workers as well as customers. About 65 bank employees work in the building. The third, fourth, and sixth floors are private office spaces that are only accessible by key card access on the elevator.

39

E XI ST I NG F LOO R P L A N S Existing floor plans were provided by Business First Bank’s Paula Laird who oversees Marketing and Facilities. The fifth floor was not provided under “Existing Floor Plans” because it is being occupied by an architectural group or firm, mentioned by Business First Bank’s CIO on the building and site visits.

NATALIE

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

LEVEL ONE Not to scale

0 3 6

12

40

CHAPTER 4 SITE AND BUILDING

E XI ST I NG F LOO R P L A N S Existing floor plans were provided by Business First Bank’s Paula Laird who oversees Marketing and Facilities. The fifth floor was not provided under “Existing Floor Plans” because it is being occupied by an architectural group or firm, mentioned by Business First Bank’s CIO on the building and site visits.

STORAGE

STAIRWAY

200A

OFFICE

OFFICE

OFFICE

OFFICE

OFFICE

ADMIN

206

205

204

203

202

201

128

NEW ELEV.

OFFICE 208

VEST. 200

UP

MECHANICAL 216

HALL 214

HALL 215

OFFICE

OFFICE

STORAGE

COPY

OFFICE

209

210

227

211

212

WOMENS 217

CONFERENCE 213

UP

MENS 218

OFFICE 219

HALL 232

OFFICE

SLOPE

220

SECOND FLOOR TERRACE

OFFICE 221

OFFICE 222

OFFICE 223

KITCHEN

MECHANICAL

226

271

OFFICE 224

LEVEL TWO 2nd FLOOR Not to scale

0 3 6 12

STORAGE 225

REF.

DW

41

E XI ST I NG F LOO R P L A N S Existing floor plans were provided by Business First Bank’s Paula Laird who oversees Marketing and Facilities. The fifth floor was not provided under “Existing Floor Plans” because it is being occupied by an architectural group or firm, mentioned by Business First Bank’s CIO on the building and site visits.

STORAGE 300A

OFFICE

OFFICE

OFFICE

OFFICE

316

315

314

313

FUTURE/ CONF.

OFFICE

OFFICE

OFFICE

311

310

309

312

VESTIBULE

OFFICE

OFFICE

307

306

300

STAIR 354

HALL 322

HALL OPEN OFFICE

OFFICE

308

305

301

OFFICE

OFFICE

COPY

317

318

319

OPEN OFFICE 321

MENS 303

MECHANICAL 304

WOMENS 302

LEVEL THREE Not to scale

3rd FLOOR

LEVEL FOUR Not to scale

EXECUTIVE WASH ROOM 617

OFFICE

OFFICE

OFFICE

611

610

609

OFFICE 607

STAIR 355

BOARD ROOM 612

VESTIBULE 600

CONFERENCE 606

HALL

.

608

DW

.

RECEPTION SERVING

OFFICE

613

614

CONFERENCE/ OFFICE 615

601

WOMENS 602

MEN 603

MECHANICAL CHASE 604

STORAGE 605

LEVEL SIX Not to scale

0 3 6 12

42

CHAPTER 4 SITE AND BUILDING

MODI F I E D F LOO R P L A N S Modified floor plans provided by the School of Interior Design.

LEVEL ONE Not to scale

0 3 6

12

43

MODI F I E D F LOO R P L A N S Modified floor plans provided by the School of Interior Design.

LEVEL TWO Not to scale

0 3 6 12

44

CHAPTER 4 SITE AND BUILDING

MODI F I E D F LOO R P L A N S Modified floor plans provided by the School of Interior Design.

LEVEL THREE Not to scale

0 3 6 12

45

MODI F I E D F LOO R P L A N S Modified floor plans provided by the School of Interior Design.

LEVEL FOUR Not to scale

LEVEL FIVE Not to scale

LEVEL SIX Not to scale

0 3 6 12

46

CHAPTER 4 SITE AND BUILDING

E X I S T I N G E X T E R I O R E L E VAT I O N S Elevation drawings provided by the School of Interior Design.

EAST ELEVATION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

WEST ELEVATION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

47

E X I S T I N G E X T E R I O R E L E VAT I O N S Elevation drawings provided by the School of Interior Design.

SOUTH ELEVATION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

NORTH ELEVATION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

48

CHAPTER 4 SITE AND BUILDING

E XI ST I NG S E C T I ON S Section drawings provided by the School of Interior Design.

LONGITUDINAL SECTION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

TRANSVERSE SECTION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

49

E X I S T I N G S I T E A N A LY S I S The site analysis diagram is based on multiple site visits to observe site details.

North Even, Indirect Sunlight

Street

Noise from cars passing by on the street Pedestrian Sidewalk

Public Access

Pavement Daylighting Private Access

Daylighting

West Harsh Glare Afternoon Light

Courtyard

Daylighting

Drive-thru

Plumbing

Landscaping and plant matter

Parking East Harsh Glare Morning Light

Noise from cars passing by on the street

Private Access Parking Drive-thru

Parking

South Direct Sunlight

SITE ANALYSIS Not to scale

0 3 6 12

28900 sq. ft. | 6 floors | Zoning Type C5 Existing Land Use O - Office - Assigned to a lot when it is primarily used for conducting the affairs of a business.

Future Land Use DC - Downtown Core (DC) - Downtown area, major growth center, dense, with all higher intensity housing and development types.

50

CHAPTER 4 SITE AND BUILDING

WI NDOWS Rows of large single-pane windows separated by the vertical concrete structural members It was Hays Town’s first attempt at using colored glasses for windows and exposed concrete as the structural grid. It was constructed using clad with white Alabama marble, featuring special heatreflecting glass windows to control the interior’s climate. Its historic function was commerce/ trade: financial institution. The materials used to construct the building were concrete for the foundation, and glass and concrete for the walls.

OPPORTUNITIES & CONSTRAINTS The building and site has an opportunity to bring the homeless teenage and young adults in downtown Baton Rouge. Some constraints and problems that may arise are surrounding organizations such as Louisiana Lottery or even bars. However, seeing how it is so close to many neighboring businesses and the public transit systems, it will be extremely helpful.

CITATIONS AND SOURCES 1. Boone,

Timothy.

“Business

First

Bank

Moving Downtown.” The Advocate. July 2015. Web. Accessed October 2016. http:// www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/ business/article_30d7772c-4c9d-543f-a1aaea6114416ce3.html.

2. “National

Register

of

Historic

Places

Program.” National Park Service. November 2015. Web. Accessed October 2016. https:// www.nps.gov/nR/feature/places/15000848. htm.

3. “National

Register

of

Historic

Places

Registration Form.” National Park Service.

October 2015. Web. Accessed October 2016.

https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/

places/pdfs/15000848.pdf.

51

52

CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM

Goals Functional Goals Form and Aesthetic Goals

End User Profile

Activity Requirements

Program Requirements Program Summary Detailed Program Codes and Building Occupancy

53

5 PROGRAM Establishing project goals early in the process is essential for a successful design. The following represent preliminary goals for form and function. Functional goals focus on the “people using the space, or end users, the activities to be performed in the space, and the relationship of spaces to each other, and form and aesthetic goals address the “physical and psychological environment of the interior” (Robinson and Parman 2010, 270).

FUNCTIONAL GOALS

FORM AND AESTHETIC GOALS

People

Site

The goals for the people are for

The site will be revised. Most of the

them to grow friendships and support amongst

parking spots will be converted to bicycle racks

themselves since they are “in the same boat.”

to encourage the users to use bicycles. Most of

The goal is for the users to enter this space as a

the users will not have the budget to purchase

stepping stone, to help them to have basic living

and maintain a vehicle so there will be no need

necessities to get back on their feet.

for the existing parking lots.

Objects

Building

The actual furnishings are to be

The building is to be a communal

created using recycled materials, and even the

dormitory-style apartment, with the five-story

manufacturing process will be considered. The

part of the building used as living spaces and the

materials will be collected by the users, allowing

two-story part of the building used as communal

them to create their own furnishings to bond

spaces that will house many types of spaces and

with each other but also to feel a sense of dignity

activities for the users. This is architecture that is

and pride in their space and creations.

built to heal. Inside the building will be a clean

Activities

environment — no drugs, alcohol, and smoking.

The building and site goals are

to house homeless youth and young adults to

Environment

grow and support each other as a community.

to help users adopt an eco-friendly, low carbon

Communal spaces are to be in the building and

footprint

on site.

community gardens, community market. The

Time The users will be staying at this place for 6 months to 1 year max. Within that time frame, they will have job training, education training, life skills training, and necessities available. They will be guided by case managers (directors, assistant director, coordinator, and administrator) to guide .

lifestyle

The environmental goal is unconsciously.

Bicycles,

building itself is to be energy efficient through harvesting of daylight and rainwater (rainwater barrels, greywater reuse).

54

CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM

END USER PROFILE The end user must be a single young adult from ages 18 to 30 who is looking for a stepping stone.

They are the homeless youth who want to go to school or move on to finding a stable job to support themselves but need that guidance and support from others going through similar situations.

U S E R P R O F I L E C AT E G O R I E S Residents The prospective residents are anticipated to be a single parent, a child of a single parent, a single adult between the ages of 18 and 30, adults who identifies as LGBTQ, veterans, etc.

•

Single mothers and fathers

•

Children

•

Adults between 18-30 years of age

•

LGBTQ

•

Veterans

Administrative Staff The

prospective staff are anticipated to be full-time workers who are

invested in the residents and who want to form very strong bonds with the residents in order for them to move forward.

•

Receptionist

•

Security

•

Maintenance staff

•

Office workers

•

Teachers and professors

•

Volunteers

•

Kitchen staff

•

Caregivers

For more information on user profiles within Universal Design, please see Chapter 6.

55

ACTIVITY REQUIREMENTS The primary use and function of the project is not only to house the homeless. Most times when designing for the homeless or wanting to help the homeless, the first thing that comes to mind is to give them a roof over their heads and a place to sleep. However, even though this is the basic need, it is not the most important thing. When studying precedents about the homeless, they collect themselves into villages, groups, communities to depend on each other. The most important element is community, a togetherness with social community interactions.

As far as minimalism and sustainability are concerned, there will be activities and spaces that will encourage users to live a sustainable and minimalist lifestyle. There will be a communal garden space on site for users to grow their own fruits and vegetables to save money from groceries. There will also be a community market on site that will allow the users to sell their creations, like in Precedent Study #3 Dignity Village. Food carts, hot dog stands, firewood collection, and garage/art sales will serve to allow the users to raise money to pay for utilities and fees. There will also be a space where users can gather together and eat with each other. Eating together is more than just a meal to provide good nutrition and to satisfy hunger. It enables family as well as users to share their days, to talk and share stories, to relax, laugh, discuss social issues, etc. There are limitless topics for users to talk about, but the most important thing is that they will be together.

56

CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM

PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS P R O G R A M S UMMA RY Space

Occupancy

Function

Max # of Occupants

Unit SF

# of Units

Total Occupants

Total Net Assignable SF

286

6113

OLF

Services Dining

Assembly

15 net

28

420

1

28

420

Kitchen

Kitchen

100 net

3

300

1

3

300

Gym

Exercise

50 gross 6

300

1

6

300

Hair salon

Assembly

15 net

8

130

1

8

130

Game space

Gaming

15 net

13

200

1

13

200

Living room

Assembly

15 net

15

225

1

15

225

Living room

Assembly

15 net

27

412

1

27

412

Fountain

Assembly

15 net

24

366

1

24

366

Art gallery

Exhibit

30 net

8

266

1

8

266

Media room

Assembly

15 net

14

220

1

14

220

Movie room

Assembly

15 net

15

235

1

15

235

Daycare

Daycare

35 net

10

351

1

10

351

Classrooms

Classroom

20 net

91

Varies 8

91

1835

Library

Reading

50 net

13

664

1

13

664

Consultant

Outpatient

100 g

2

200

1

2

200

Exam room

Outpatient

100 g

2

200

1

2

200

Mental health

Outpatient

100 g

2

285

1

2

285

Lounge

Assembly

15 net

27

415

1

27

415

Yoga

Assembly

15 net

26

396

1

26

396

Priv. meeting

Assembly

15 net

41

627

1

41

627

Total Square Footage 6113

57

Space

Occupancy

Function

Max # of Occupants

Unit SF

# of Units

Total Occupants

Total Net Assignable SF

100

8760

OLF

Residential Single Units

Dormitory

50 gross 53

80

53

53

4240

Family Units

Dormitory

50 gross 8

143

8

8

1144

Lounge

Assembly

15 net

464

4

123

1856

Laundry

149

4

596

Bathrooms

103

4

412

70

4

Security

100 net

30

4

4

280

Total Square Footage 8760 Space

Occupancy

Function

Max # of Occupants

Unit SF

# of Units

Total Occupants

OLF 10234

Exterior Courtyard

Total Net Assignable SF

Courtyard

Exterior space

1781

1

1781

1016

1

1016

Community market

1

Exterior deck

567

1

567

Exterior garden

1030

1

1030

Rooftop space

5810

1

5810

Bicycle parking

Storage

1

Vehicle parking

1 Total Square Footage 10234

Space

Occupancy

Function

Max # of Occupants

Unit SF

# of Units

Total Occupants

Total Net Assignable SF

OLF

Circulation Corridors Elevators Stairs Tare 20%

58

CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM

D E TA I L E D P R O G R A M Assignable Space

Unit SF

# of Units

Total Net Assignable SF

Users

Activities

Dining

1000

1

1000

50

In this space, the residents will eat together, talk, share stories and bond together.

Kitchen

1000

1

1000

50

Volunteers and a team of regular chefs will cook meals for the residents. In this kitchen, there will also be a food bank storage to collect donated food for the residents to eat.

Food bank

500

1

500

10

Clothes bank

500

1

500

10

Volunteers will collect donated clothing items here and sort them for laundry.

Lounge

2750

1

2750

50

This space is for the residents to come hang out and play games, watch TV, congregate and enjoy themselves.

Gym

500

1

500

10

The gym is a place where the residents can exercise to practice a healthy lifestyle.

Classrooms

1000

2

2000

100

The classroom space will have many functions and services such as computer lab, job training, education, life skills, library, art workshop, and art gallery.

This is the primary mode of learning, preparing and growing of residents.

Consultant

500

1

500

5

There will be an in-house nurse who will do checkups on the residents for medical reasons.

150

1

150

10

Residents will have their own mailboxes where they can get mail as well as give things to each other.

Units

100

50

5000

50

The units are where the residents can sleep, stay in as a haven, protect their belongings.

Congregations

400

5

2000

50

Each floor has ten residents. The congregating space on each living floor allows for the residents to meet together and bond in a more intimate fashion.

Laundry

200

5

1000

50

Laundry is where the residents can clean their clothes, sheets, towels, etc. This is also where they can iron their clothes for job interviews. Hand washing and drying are highly encouraged as a sustainable element in the building and program.

Exam room Mental health Mailboxes

Reception

59

Exterior garden

There is a garden that allows for residents to grow their own plants to bring to the kitchen. It is an efficient way to make food. Everyone is required to plant vegetables and fruits in their own box.

Exterior deck

The exterior deck is a communal space for residents to get a great view of the block.

Rooftop space

5600

1

5600

50

Community market

1700

1

50

The community market is an opportunity for the residents to sell their creations from the art workshop.

It allows them to raise money for their living expenses and rent and is also a way for the Homefull to raise money for overhead expenses. It is a way for the community to come together.

Courtyard

1700

1

50

Courtyards are nice communal spaces, like the rooftop deck, where residents can take a breather, come to clear their minds, meditate and do yoga up there with everyone.

Bicycle parking

1700

1

50

The residents will most likely have bicycles to use as transportation since it is affordable, efficient, and eco-friendly.

Here, the bicycles can be stored without residents having to worry about theft.

Corridors

2496

1

2496

50

Corridors’ main function is for circulation. However, along the walls, the residents’ own artworks and creations will be used to decorate the place, allowing the residents to feel a sense of pride, dignity, and belonging.

Elevators

422

1

422

50

The elevator’s main function is for circulation.

Stairs

894

1

894

50

The stairs’ main function is for circulation, but they can also serve as an aesthetic element for the large open communal space.

Electrical

300

1

300

1

Mechanical

300

1

300

1

These three are most critical in the functioning of the building.

Water heater

300

1

300

1

Plumbing

300

1

300

1

The plumbing helps to bring harvested rainwater and greywater for sinks, showers, urinals, water closets, lavatories, rooftop garden.

Bathrooms

70

6

420

50

Bathrooms are communal like hallway dormitory bathrooms.

Storage

3750

1

3750

50

Each resident has his or her own storage space, which is nice for privacy and safety concerns.

60

CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM

Offices

100

8

800

1

The eight individuals serve as case managers to help operate this building for its intended purpose.

They help individuals with resources and networking. They also help to fund and raise money for overhead expenses. These extra offices are for other individuals who volunteer here or who may serve as additional individuals helping to run the program.

Reception

100

1

100

1

Entrance

100

1

100

1

The receptionist is here to greet interested guests who are homeless, who may want to come by for a meal, water, or clothing. This program is all about giving.

Maintenance

400

1

400

1

Janitors, maintenance, plumbers help to keep the place in good shape.

Shipping and receiving

400

1

400

1

This space is where mail is received.

Equipment

Furniture and Material Performance Requirements

Lighting and Acoustical Requirements

Storage Requirements

Problems

Dining

Cabinets, sink, oven

Daylighting, artificial lighting, acoustical privacy from dining room

There will need to be storage for the food bank portion of the kitchen.

Organization system; Furniture will not be durable, comfortable, fire rated.

Kitchen + Food Bank

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Daylighting, artificial lighting, acoustics not an issue

There will need to be storage for the clothing.

Clothes Bank

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Daylighting, artificial lighting, acoustics not an issue

Alongside partition walls, book shelves, storage for television, entertainment center, credenza

Enough storage to organize clothing.

Organization method.

Lounge

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Daylighting, artificial lighting, acoustics not an issue

Cubbies needed for shoes, belongings

Furniture will not be durable, comfortable, fire rated.

Security

61

Gym

Will mostly likely need to purchase equipment that is not sustainable. Not sure if this should be eliminated and have the residents jog outside on the block in the neighborhood.

Daylighting, artificial lighting, acoustical privacy

Storage of books

Not sustainable because of equipment

Classrooms

Furniture will be using recycled and repurposed materials.

Acoustical privacy from other communal service areas

Storage for medical supplies, file cabinets

Durability Comfort Fire rating

Nurse/exam room

Will mostly likely need to purchase equipment.

Mail and package storage

Not sustainable because of equipment

Mailboxes

Made from recycled and repurposed materials

Daylighting, artificial lighting, acoustics not an issue

Storage for personal belongings

Durability Fire rating Privacy

Units

The units will be made from repurposed and recycled materials.

Each resident can create his or her own unit with their own materials or materials provided.

Each unit will have natural daylight from the windows alongside the perimeter. Plants power electricity?

Alongside partition walls, book shelves, storage for television, entertainment center, credenza

Durability Comfort Fire rating

Congregations

The units will Acoustical privacy be made from repurposed and recycled materials.

Each resident can create his or her own unit with their own materials or materials provided.

Storage for laundry supplies

Durability Comfort Fire rating

Laundry

Recycled rods for clothes to hang to dry on.

Plants power electricity?

Storage for pots, soil, seeds.

Perhaps a garden shed.

Acoustics Outdoor space available for airdry

Rooftop garden

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Acoustical privacy from residential units

None

Durability Comfort Fire rating Safety Weight Water supply Insurance and safety

62

CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM

Rooftop garden

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Acoustical privacy from residential units

None

Durability Comfort Fire rating Safety Weight Water supply Insurance and safety

Rooftop deck

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Plants power electricity? None

None

Safety

Community market and microenterprises

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Plants power electricity?

None

Durability Comfort Fire rating Safety

Courtyard(s)

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Plants power electricity?

Bicycle storage

Durability Comfort

Bicycle storage

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Plants power electricity?

None

None

Corridors

None

None

None

Fire rated corridors

Elevators

None

Natural daylighting solutions.

Plants power electricity?

None

Fire rated corridors

Stairs

None

None

Space for wires, machinery, elements

Fire rated corridors

Electrical

Herman Miller’s raise floor and put electrical underneath the raised surface.

None

Space for wires, machinery, elements

None

Mechanical

Would like to use Herman Miller’s raise floor and put it underneath the raised surface

None

Space for water heater

None

Water heater

None

None

None

None

Plumbing

None

None

Storage for toiletries, towels

None

Bathrooms

Waterless urinals, rainwater and greywater use

None

Storage cubbies or rooms for residents

Privacy

63

Storage

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Acoustical privacy

Storage for office paperwork

Durability Comfort Fire rating Privacy

Director

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

None

Storage for office paperwork

Durability Comfort Fire rating Privacy

Assistant Director

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Acoustical privacy

Storage for office paperwork

Durability Comfort Fire rating Privacy

Coordinator

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Acoustical privacy

Storage for office paperwork

Durability Comfort Fire rating Privacy

Administrator

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Acoustical privacy

Storage for office paperwork

Privacy

Office

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Acoustical privacy

Storage for office paperwork

Privacy

Reception

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Acoustical privacy

None

Safety

Entrance

Recycled and repurposed materials. Durability of materials questionable

Plants power electricity?

None

Safety

Maintenance

Plants power electricity?

Storage for mailboxes

None

Shipping and receiving

None

Issues if residents are using illegal substances and have addictions

64

CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM

CODE COMPLIANCY

(IBC 2012 or 2015)

Occupancy Classification (302.1) : Residential and Business Automatic Sprinkler System (908.3) : Sprinkled Occupancy Load Factor (1004.1, NFPA 7.3.1 2) Area per floor for each floor level Occupancy load per floor Occupancy load total

Floor 1

Floor 2

Name

SF

OLF

OL

Name

SF

OLF

OL

Library

714

50 net

14

Art workshop

226

20 net

11

Trash room

133

Computer lab

329

20 net

16

Food bank

166

100 net

1

Classroom 1

236

20 net

11

Gym

300

50 gross 6

Classroom 2

228

20 net

11

Storage

205

Classroom 3

219

20 net

10

Restroom 1

78

50 net

1

Classroom 4

228

20 net

11

Restroom 2

77

50 net

1

Classroom 5

219

20 net

10

Clothing bank

206

100 net

20

Office

716

100

Hair salon

121

Restroom 4

58

Maintenance

70

Shower 1

47

Game space

209

Restroom 5

58

15 net

13

Fountain or garden 366

Shower 2

47

Living room 1

412

15 net

27

Kitchen and dining

1221

15 net

Living room 2

256

15 net

17

Private meeting

635

15 net

Art gallery

266

30 net

8

Living room 3

415

15 net

Daycare

444

35 net

12

Yoga space

396

Reception and mail 257

100 net

2

Exterior garden

1020

Restroom 3

64

50 net

1

Mental health

280

100 gross

Security room

54

Medical exam 1

100

100 gross

Media room

220

15 net

14

Medical exam 2

100

100 gross

Movie room

236

15 net

15

Medical exam 3

151

100 gross

Storage

295

Elec. and utility

43

Occupancy Load Total

Occupancy Load Total

65

Floor 3 Name

SF

OLF

OL

Single Units (x10)

800

50 gross 10

Family Units (x2)

280

50 gross 4

Laundry room

160

Bathrooms

100

Lounge

566

Rooftop space

5808

Occupancy Load Total

Exit Width

(1005.1, 1005.3.1)

Occupancy Load

x

Capacity Factor

=

Width in inches

520

x

0.2”

=

104”

Number of Exits Number of exits : 2 if OL is 50-499 Number of exits : 3 if OL is 500- 999

Width of Each Exit 104” / 2 = 52” 104” / 4 = 26”

Remote Distance of Exits Unsprinkled - 1/2 of the length of maximum overall diagonal dimension Sprinkled - 1/3 of the length of maximum overall diagonal dimension

Floor 1

Floor 2

Floor 3

Floors 4-6

136’-7” / 3 = 45’

161’-8” / 3 = 53’

161’-8” / 3 = 53’

125’-7” / 3 = 41’

Common Path of Egress Travel Residential with sprinkler system : 125’ Business with sprinkler system : 100’

Exit Access Travel Distance Residential with sprinkler system : 250’ Business with sprinkler system : 300’

Dead End Corridors Less than 20 feet in length

Minimum Corridor and Exit Minimum corridor width : 5’

Passageway Width Minimum exit width : 5’

66

CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM 93’ - 2 1/2”

Level 1

A

1

Exit Access Exit

2

Multiple Exits Available 3

Max. distance = 300’ or 350’

4

lD ta To

106’ - 4”

A 1 136‘ - 11” CP = 125’ - 8” A 2 143’ - 0” CP = 125’ - 8” A 3 88’ - 11” CP = 88’ - 11” A 4 176’ - 2” CP = 150’ - 9” A 5 202’ - 8” CP = 150’ - 9”

’-

36

:1

ce

an ist

B 1 122’ - 0” B 2 128’ - 0” B 3 135’ - 1” B 4 80’ - 4” B 5 73’ - 2”

7”

CP = 104’ - 6” CP = 104’ - 6” CP = 104’ - 6” CP = 64’ CP = 38’

Dead-end corridor = 13’ - 4” Max. dead-end corridor = 50’

5

One-Half Diagonal Rule (136’ - 7”) / 3 = 45’ - 6” B

Max. distance of two exits 2 5 106’ - 10”

121’ - 11 3/8”

A

Level 2 Exit Access

2

Exit Multiple Exits Available

1

Max. distance = 300’ or 350’

B

To t

106’ - 3 5/8”

al

Di

sta

nc

e:

16

1’

A 1 62’ - 1” A 2 110’ - 3” B 1 248’ - 10” B 2 198’ - 5” C 1 183’ - 4” C 2 114’ - 10” D 1 182’ - 5” D 2 131’ - 11”

-8

”

Dead-end corridor = 11’ - 3” Max. dead-end corridor = 50’ One-Half Diagonal Rule (161’ - 8”) / 3 = 53’ - 10” Max. distance of two exits 1 2 72’ - 6” C

D

67 121’ - 11 3/8” C

A

Level 3 2

Exit Access Exit

1

Multiple Exits Available Max. distance = 300’ or 350’

To t

106’ - 3 5/8”

al

Di

sta

nc

e:

A 1 62’ - 6” 16

1’

CP = 50’

A 2 109’ - 9” CP = 50’

-8

”

B 1 242’ - 2” B 2 107’ - 1” C 1 111’ C 2 38’ - 8”

B

Dead-end corridor = 11’ - 3” Max. dead-end corridor = 50’ One-Half Diagonal Rule (161’ - 8”) / 3 = 53’ - 10” Max. distance of two exits 1 2 72’ - 6”

30’ - 5 7/16”

121’ - 11 3/8”

Levels 4-6

Total D

istanc

A

1

e: 12

5’ - 7

”

2

Exit Access Exit Multiple Exits Available Max. distance = 300’ or 350’ A 1 56’ - 7”

CP = 51’

A 2 103’ - 10” Dead-end corridor = 11’ - 3” Max. dead-end corridor = 50’ One-Half Diagonal Rule (125’ - 7”) / 3 = 41’ - 10” Max. distance of two exits 1 2 72’ - 6”

68

CHAPTER 5 PROGRAM

C O DE S A ND B UI L DI NG O C C U PA N C Y Louisiana Building Codes 2015 International Building Code 2009 International Energy Conservation Code 2012 International Existing Building Code 2012 International Fuel Gas Code 2012 International Mechanical Code 2012 International Residential Code 2012 International Plumbing Code Louisiana State Uniform Construction Code

Baton Rouge Local Building Codes International Building Code International Fuel Gas Code International Mechanical Code International Residential Code

Louisiana State Fire Marshall Codes National Fire Code Americans Against Disabilities Act American National Standards Institutde Inc. UL Fire Resistant Directory Energy Code Compliance National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

United States Access Board ADA Standards ABA Accessibility Standards Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards

Occupancy Load IBC Mixed Occupancy Use Residential, Business, Healthcare, Storage, Daycare

69

70

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

Design Criteria

Pre-Schematic Design Introduction Pre-Schematic Design Drawings and Diagrams

Schematic Design Introduction Schematic Design Solution

Design Development Introduction Concept Statement Design Development Solution Specifications

Focus Area: Universal Design Integration

71

6 DESIGN SOLUTION

72

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

DESIGN CRITERIA DE S I G N CRI TE RI A I NT ROD UCTI ON The Design Criteria are a list of standards which structure design decisions and against which the outcomes of your project will be evaluated.

These are critical to informing your design process and creating a framework for making design decisions.

The purpose of the design criteria is to identify potential problems or targets for the space that were found in the research and precedents.

I SS UE S A ND CON SI DE RATI ONS 1. Daylighting Because there are a lot of curtain walls around the building, daylighting needs to be controlled, especially on the east, west, and south facing walls. The building has great potential for a well-lit space that will be highly beneficial for residents’ health and well-being. Light wells, transom windows, and other daylighting solutions can be considered. Daylight harvesting can be considered to reduce overhead lighting use to save money on electrical utilities, to automate control of lights, and to provide health benefits when using correct lighting.

2. Community based spaces The community-based spaces will be highly crucial to the design because of the user group,

therefore innovative and extraordinary measures should be considered to create a space where the residents can transform. Some of the spaces are the courtyard, living room, lounge areas, community of administrative workers, exterior deck, exterior garden, community market, and community dining.

3. Environmentally friendly Water harvesting and smart usage of water are some ways in which a building and its users can consciously be environmentally friendly.

Recycling is accessible to the residents through recycling knowledge, recycling bins, and a recycling service that regularly comes to pick up recycled items from the building.

4. From the inside out Extending the design from the interior to the exterior helps to create a holistic design that is carefully sewn together. The community market and courtyard are two spaces that are located just outside of the building on ground level. Considering how guests arrive to the main entrance and how guests will arrive using public transportation will help to understand the building and how it functions.

5. Sustainable construction materials Although the building shell has already been constructed, the materials used for upholstery, flooring,

ceiling,

wallcoverings,

dividing

screens, partitions, and other accessories can be considered.

73

6. Specifications The specifications need to be able to withstand wear and tear and be low maintenance. There are many residents who will be coming and going from this facility as well as children who will be growing and developing here. It is expected to upkeep with the appearance and cleanliness of materials while not sacrificing the homey feeling.

7. Affordability Provide an affordable space for the residents to reduce pressure while they try to look for a job, get an education, gain life skills, stabilize their mental health, reduce and rid of substance abuse, and other issues within the user group.

8. Safety and security A safe and secure space for the residents will be very important since a lot of the residents will have been in foster care, on the go from place to place, in homeless shelters, or on the streets. A possible solution can be key card access and/or key lock access.

9. Universal design Careful consideration of a variety of users can help gauge what kind of users will be entering and using the space. For instance, if the user group is individuals between the ages of 18 to 30 who are homeless, it is best to understand what types of individuals make up that group to best design for that group. Every person’s unique experience matters, and although it is unrealistic to try to imagine every possible experience, it is worth it to explore a handful intimate ones.

FOCU S AREA For this thesis proposal, the areas of emphasis that will be further researched within Universal Design is biophilia with a sub-focus on furniture that is modular, minimal, multifunctional, and transformative.

Biophilia is a hypothesis that suggests humans possess an innate tendency to seek connections with nature and other forms of life. Because the homeless residents will be familiar with nature in the sense that some have had to live outside under a bridge, it will bring that sense of familiarity that will help residents to feel safe. With this comfort and familiarity, it will help residents to move on up in the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.

Furniture that is multifunctional, transformative, modular, and minimal will help the space to always be capable of shifting to the different users’ needs. The worst thing is to create a constant and stagnant space that forces users to adapt to it. By having adjustability and preference for the residents, it will help them to grow and develop in a space that will be comfort and universal because everyone has different needs.

AP P L ICATION P OTENTIAL Universal Design is so important because it considers the global aspect of design that occurs everywhere and is available to everyone across

multi-generations—babies,

elderly,

pregnant women, persons with decreased motor capabilities in wrist, persons with temporary or

permanent

disabilities,

wheel-chair

or

walker users, persons with dwarfism, persons accompanied by service pets, all different kinds of users with different needs and disabilities.

74

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

PRE-SCHEMATIC DESIGN

INTRODUCTION Pre-schematic design is a phase in the design process where designers come up with at least three different concept statements with bubble and blocking diagrams in order to get creative juices flowing. This allows for designers to organize their thoughts and intentions and to decide what the driving force is behind each concept.

After creating bubble and blocking diagrams for each of the three concepts, designers can create another concept by merging two concepts together, come up with a completely different concept, or pick one of the three concepts as the final concept.

75

CONCEPT 1: COMMUNITY-BASED Inspired by many different beautiful flowers, Homefull is a space designed to evoke feelings of belonging and liveliness in the residents and a sense of community. Upon entering the space, residents and visitors will be greeted by music to energize them. With a raw and unpolished feel combined with brightly colored elements, it will create a space that is homey and lively. To evoke belonging, Homefull is centered around the community spaces such as the lounge, dining room, courtyard, and markets where residents will spend most of their leisure time bonding with and learning with other residents.

The raw and unpolished feeling will be reinforced through furniture and artwork that are hand-made and donated to Homefull for the residents to use.

1

COMMUNITY-BASED + BUBBLE DIAGRAM

LIBRARY

LAUNDRY

CLOTHING BANK

KITCHEN

COMPUTER LAB

LIFE SKILLS

LOUNGES UNITS ART WORK SHOP

EDUCATION TRAINING

DINING

JOB

1

COMMUNITY-BASED + BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 1 6300 S.F.

Office 100 S.F.

Office 100 S.F.

Office 100 S.F.

Office 100 S.F.

Office 100 S.F.

Office 100 S.F.

ASST. DIRECTOR

MEDICAL CONSULT

Courtyard

Gym 300 S.F.

OFFICES DIRECTOR MAIL ROOM RECEPTION

COURT YARD

EXT. DECK

1

Media Media Room Room 140 S.F. 140 S.F.

ADMIN.

COORD.

RR 100 S.F.

Kitchen 500 S.F.

Living Room 300 S.F.

Art Gallery 200 S.F.

Food Bank 150 S.F. Clothing Bank 250 S.F.

Art Workshop 250 S.F.

MAIN.

ENTRANCE

Reception 150 S.F.

MECH.

COMM. MARKET EXT. GARDEN

Strg.

100 S.F.

Dining 300 S.F.

ART GALLERY LIVING ROOM

GYM

Elev. Stairs 100 110 S.F. S.F.

Office 100 S.F.

ELEC.

STORAGE

Restroom 100 S.F.

BICYCLE STORAGE

COMMUNITY-BASED

Stairs Mail Room 200 S.F.

Medical Consultant 250 S.F.

COMBO (COMMUNITY + MASLOW’S) 4 BLOCKING DIAGRAM

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 2 9000 S.F.

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 3-6 3400 x 4 = 13600 S.F.

BUBBLE DIAGRAM

LEVEL 1 6300 S.F. CR 200 S.F.

CR 200 S.F.

CR 200 S.F.

CR 200 S.F.

Classroom 500 S.F.

Strg.

200 S.F.

Elev.

100 S.F.

CR 200 S.F.

Stairs 110 S.F.

Storage 300 S.F.

RR 100 S.F.

Units

Units Lounge 500 S.F. Units

Fire Exit

Units

Elev. Stairs Elev. 110 Stairs 100 S.F. S.F. Restroom 100 S.F.

Family Units

Laundry 150 S.F.

Fire Exit

Classroom 450 S.F. Exterior Deck 600 S.F.

Exterior Garden 1000 S.F.

Vertical Circulation Opening 100 S.F. Opening Atrium Classroom 450 S.F.

Stairs Classroom 500 S.F.

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 2 9000 S.F.

Electrical 300 S.F.

Mechanical 400 S.F.

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVELS 3-6, 3400x4 = 13600 S.F.

76

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

CONCEPT 2: TREE HOUSE DESIGN Homefull is a space designed as a stepping stone for its residents. During the stay, it is to provide a warm feeling using warm-colored wood, inspired by the concept of a treehouse. The use of warm lighting will help to reinforce the warm feeling of the space. Organic and curvilinear elements are seen throughout to connect with the natural aesthetic of the treehouse. The circulation pattern is linear with a centralized living room because each space, excluding the living room, is equally important.

2

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 1 6300 S.F.

ELEC.

ASST. DIRECTOR

MECH.

COORD.

Reception 200 S.F.

STORAGE

Art Workshop 1200 S.F.

ADMIN.

Mail Room 200 S.F. LIBRARY

ENTRANCE

COMP. LAB

Gym 500 S.F.

Courtyard JOB

EDUC. TRAINING

CLOTHES BANK

EXT. DECK

COMM. MARKET

EXT. GARDEN

KITCH.

ART WORK SHOP

COURT YARD MEDICAL CONSULT

BICYCLE STORAGE

Art Gallery 200 S.F. ART GALLERY

Restroom 100 S.F.

LIVING ROOM MAIL ROOM

GYM

Living Room 300 S.F.

Clothing Bank 450 S.F.

DINING

2 + BLOCKINGDIAGRAM DIAGRAM BUBBLE

Media Room 400 S.F.

Stairs Dining 400 S.F.

Kitchen 450 S.F.

(COMMUNITY + MASLOW’S) BLOCKING DIAGRAM 4 COMBO + BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 3-6 3400 x 4 = 13600S.F. S.F. LEVEL 1 6300

TREEHOUSE

Level 2 9000 S.F.

Classrooms 1000 S.F.

Medical Consultant 450 S.F.

LOUNGES

UNITS

RR 60 S.F.

Strg 60 S.F.

LAUNDRY

LIFE SKILLS

Elev. Stairs 100 110 S.F. S.F.

MAINT. OFFICES

DIRECTOR

RECEPTION

TREEHOUSE

Elev. Stairs 100 110 S.F. S.F.

Storage 700 S.F.

Storage 300 S.F.

RR 100 S.F.

Units

Units Lounge 500 S.F. Units

Units

Elev. Stairs Elev. 110 Stairs 100 S.F. S.F. Restroom 100 S.F.

Family Units

Laundry 150 S.F.

Fire Exit

Fire Exit

Exterior Deck 600 S.F.

Vertical Circulation Opening 100 S.F. Opening Atrium

Admin.

800 S.F.

Exterior Garden 1000 S.F.

Stairs Lounge 500 S.F.

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 2 9000 S.F.

Electrical 600 S.F.

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVELS 3-6, 34004 = 13600 S.F.

77

CONCEPT 3: MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF SELF-NEEDS Homefull is a space that evokes transformation, since the users who arrive will have developed greatly when it comes time for them to depart on their journey. The circulation pattern is linear to help reinforce the idea of transformation. Walls, furniture, and other elements will always be moved and changed.

Monochromatic and/or gradual schemes will be used to show change.

3

+ BUBBLE DIAGRAM

7 5

3

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

ART WORK SHOP

/

ART GALLERY

COMP. LAB

LIB. EDUC.

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 1 6300 S.F.

Elev. Stairs 100 110 S.F. S.F.

Bicycle Storage 200 S.F.

Classrooms

ADMIN.

LIFE SKILLS

JOB

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

RR

OFFICES

4

GYM

3

L I VING

COMM. MARKET

Storage 335 S.F.

MAINT

DIRECTOR

EXT. DECK

COURT YARD

EXT. DECK

EXT.

Courtyard

LOUNGES

ASST.

2

MAIL ROOM

STRG

MEDICAL

ELEC.

Strg.

Library 200 S.F.

Gym 250 S.F.

Art Gallery 200 S.F.

Living Room 300 S.F.

Reception 150 S.F.

Mail Room 200 S.F.

Art Workshop 200 S.F. Maint.

115 S.F. Medical Consultant 250 S.F.

COORD.

1

3

BICYCLE STORAGE

Restroom 100 S.F.

CLOTHES BANK

KITCH DINING

UNITS

MECH.

RR

4

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 2 9000 S.F.

Elev. Stairs 100 110 S.F. S.F.

Kitchen 800 S.F.

Storage 300 S.F.

RR 100 S.F. Fire Exit

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM

Vertical Circulation Opening 100 S.F. Opening Atrium

Units

Units Lounge 500 S.F. Units

Clothing Bank 250 S.F.

Units

Elev. Stairs Elev. 110 Stairs 100 S.F. S.F. Restroom 100 S.F.

Family Units

Laundry 150 S.F.

Fire Exit

Food Bank 250 S.F.

Exterior Deck 600 S.F.

COMBO (COMMUNITY + MASLOW’S)

Level 3-6 3400 x 4 = 13600 S.F. BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 1 6300 S.F.

BUBBLE DIAGRAM

Dining 1000 S.F.

Administration 800 S.F.

LAUNDRY

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Stairs

Exterior Garden 1000 S.F.

Other Room 250 S.F. Stairs Lounge 500 S.F.

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 2 9000 S.F.

Electrical 600 S.F.

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVELS 3-6, 34004 = 13600 S.F.

78

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

CONCEPT 4: COMBINATION OF CONCEPT 1 “COMMUNITY-BASED” AND CONCEPT 3 “MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF SELF-NEEDS” Inspired by Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Homefull is a space designed to evoke transformation, liveliness and community. The goal of this design is to create warm, lively and interactive environment for the residents. This is achieved through a radial configuration of spaces that branch off from the central living room and the use of raw and unpolished elements paired with bright colors, i.e. handmade and donated furniture and artwork. The hierarchy of spaces will serve to encourage transformation as the residents blossom day by day. Natural daylighting will be maximized and strategically used to

4

incorporate biophilia. The vertical linear organization of spaces the+ MASLOW’S) idea of transformation.

COMBO reinforce (COMMUNITY

4

COMBO (COMMUNITY + MASLOW’S) + BUBBLE DIAGRAM Level 1 6300 S.F.

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 2 9000 S.F.

Classroom 228 S.F.

COURT YARD

ELEV.

FOOD BANK

KITCHE

DINING

N

GYM

GAME

MAIL AND LOUNGE

REST ROOM

LIVING ROOM

STAIRS

CR 173 S.F.

CLOTHING BANK

REST ROOM

CR 228 S.F.

CR 228 S.F.

CR 200 S.F.

Elev. Stairs Admin Office 100 110 309 S.F. S.F. S.F. Restrooms 207 S.F.

Fire Exit

Admin Office 238 S.F.

HAIR SALON

Admin Office 256 S.F.

MOVIE

ENTRY

BIKE PARKING

STAIRS

Medical

COMBO (COMMUNITY + MASLOW’S) 4BUBBLE DIAGRAM + BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 1 6300 S.F.

Kitchen

Trash and Recycle

Food Bank

Storage

Elev. Stairs 100 110 S.F. S.F.

Rest Room

4

COMBO (COMMUNITY + MASLOW’S) + BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 2 9000 S.F.

Clothing Bank

Classroom 228 S.F.

CR 228 S.F.

CR 228 S.F.

CR 228 S.F.

CR 200 S.F.

Classroom 510 S.F.

Rest Room Game Room

Hair Salon

Living Room

CR 173 S.F. Fire Exit

Art Gallery

Rep. Bicycle Parking and Storage

Stairs

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 1 6300 S.F.

Exterior Deck 710 S.F.

Daycare

Vertical Circulation Opening 100 S.F. Opening Atrium

Phone Room

Restrooms 207 S.F.

Admin Lounge 250 S.F.

Exterior Garden 1139 S.F.

Admin Office 256 S.F.

Maint.

Medical

Sec. Restroom

Movie Room

Elev. Stairs Admin Office 100 110 309 S.F. S.F. S.F.

Admin Office 238 S.F.

Media Room Mail and Lounge

Elec.

Storage 294 S.F.

BUBBLE DIAGRAM

Gym

Courtyard

Stairs

Medical and Mental Health 681 S.F.

REST ROOM

Dining

Exterior Garden 1139 S.F.

Admin Lounge 250 S.F.

Vertical Circulation Opening 100 S.F. Opening Atrium

Exterior Deck 710 S.F.

MEDIA

ART GALLERY

CR 228 S.F.

Classroom 510 S.F.

Stairs

Medical and Mental Health 681 S.F.

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 2 9000 S.F.

Elec.

Storage 294 S.F.

79

FINAL CONCEPT: COMBINATION OF “MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF SELF-NEEDS” AND “BIOPHILIA” Inspired by Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Homefull is a space designed to evoke transformation, liveliness and community. The goal of this design is to create warm, lively and interactive environment for the residents. This is achieved through a radial configuration of spaces that branch off from the central living room and the use of raw and unpolished elements paired with bright colors, i.e. handmade and donated furniture and artwork. The hierarchy of spaces will serve to encourage transformation as the residents blossom day by day. Natural daylighting will be maximized and strategically used to incorporate biophilia. The vertical linear organization of spaces reinforce the idea of transformation.

BUBBLE DIAGRAM

BUBBLE DIAGRAM

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 1 6300 S.F.

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 2 9000 S.F.

80

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

SCHEMATIC DESIGN INTRODUCTION

FINAL CONCEPT STATEMENT

An initial design scheme that seeks to define

Inspired by Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs,

the general scope and conceptual design of

Homefull

the project including scale and relationships

transformation, liveliness and community. The

between building components. At the end of

goal of this design is to create warm, lively and

the schematic design phase the interior designer

interactive environment for the residents. This is

will present some very rough sketches to the

achieved through a radial configuration of spaces

owner for approval. These sketches will provide

that branch off from the central living room

the owner with the opportunity to verify that the

and the use of raw and unpolished elements

interior designer has correctly interpreted the

paired with bright colors, i.e. handmade and

client’s desired functional relationships between

donated furniture and artwork. The hierarchy of

various activities. The sketches will also provide

spaces will serve to encourage transformation

the client with a general indication of the exterior

as the residents blossom day by day. Natural

design dialogue.

daylighting will be maximized and strategically

is

a

space

designed

to

evoke

used to incorporate biophilia. The vertical linear

SCHEMATIC DESIGN SOLUTION

organization of spaces reinforce the idea of transformation.

The schematic design phase was a phase to finalize the concept statement and diagrams, placement of spaces based on logic and concept statement, square footages, placement of walls and wall types, and restroom locations in relation to plumbing walls. It was a phase where the design criteria was revised, the program summary and program were revised, site plan was made. It is a design phase that is focused on functionality and the relationship to the exterior design.

81

S C H E M AT I C F L O O R P L A N S

93' - 2 1/2"

Dining

Kitchen

Trash Room

Food Bank

300 SF

150 SF

150 SF

410 SF Restroom 78 SF

Clothing Bank 159 SF

106' - 4"

Restroom Gym

Storage

300 SF

205 SF

Courtyard

Game Space

1781 SF

209 SF

77 SF

Indoor Garden or Water Feature 366 SF

Hair Salon

Maintenance

121 SF

117 SF

Living Room / Meeting Space 412 SF

Living Room / Meeting Space 225 SF

Exterior Space

Art Gallery 266 SF

Daycare 351 SF

Reception / Security / Mailbox 288 SF

Security 54 SF

LEVEL ONE Not to scale

0 3 6

12

Media Room

Movie Room

220 SF

236 SF

1016 SF

82

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

S C H E M AT I C F L O O R P L A N S

121' - 11 3/8"

Computer Lab 226 SF

Classroom

Classroom

Classroom

236 SF

228 SF

228 SF

Offices 716 SF Classroom

Classroom

Classroom

329 SF

221 SF

222 SF

Restroom Shower 47 SF

58 SF

Restroom Shower 47 SF

58 SF Library

106' - 3 5/8"

666 SF

Private Spaces 635 SF

Exterior Garden 1020 SF Exterior Deck 567 SF

Yoga

Lounge

396 SF

415 SF

Elec.

Mental Health

43 SF

280 SF

LEVEL TWO Not to scale

0 3 6 12

Medical Exam

Medical Exam

99 SF

99 SF

Medical Exam 151 SF

Storage 252 SF

83

S C H E M AT I C F L O O R P L A N S

121' - 11 3/8"

Single Unit 81 SF

Single Unit Single Unit Single Unit Single Unit 81 SF

79 SF

81 SF

80 SF

Single Unit Single Unit 81 SF

Laundry 160 SF

81 SF

Lounge 566 SF

Single Unit Single Unit Single Unit 80 SF

82 SF

Family Unit

Family Unit

Security

141 SF

139 SF

Restroom

69 SF

161 SF

106' - 2 1/2"

82 SF

Rooftop space 5808 SF

LEVEL THREE Not to scale

0 3 6 12

84

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

S C H E M AT I C F L O O R P L A N S 121' - 11 3/8"

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

81 SF

82 SF

80 SF

82 SF

82 SF

81 SF

82 SF

30' - 5 7/16"

Unit 1

Family Unit

Family Unit

147 SF

146 SF

Lounge 461 SF

Unit 2

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

81 SF

82 SF

80 SF

82 SF

82 SF

80 SF

Security

Restroom

Laundry

93 SF

159 SF

854 SF

LEVEL FOUR Not to scale 121' - 11 3/8"

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

81 SF

82 SF

80 SF

82 SF

82 SF

81 SF

82 SF

30' - 5 7/16"

Unit 1

Family Unit

Family Unit

147 SF

146 SF

Lounge 461 SF

Unit 2

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

81 SF

82 SF

80 SF

82 SF

82 SF

80 SF

Security

Restroom

Laundry

93 SF

159 SF

854 SF

LEVEL FIVE Not to scale 121' - 11 3/8"

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

81 SF

82 SF

80 SF

82 SF

82 SF

81 SF

82 SF

30' - 5 7/16"

Unit 1

Family Unit

Family Unit

147 SF

146 SF

Lounge 461 SF

Unit 2

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

Unit

81 SF

82 SF

80 SF

82 SF

82 SF

80 SF

Security

Restroom

Laundry

93 SF

159 SF

854 SF

LEVEL SIX Not to scale

0 3 6 12

85

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT INTRODUCTION The design development stage is where the design solution begins. The final concept is chosen, and it progresses into design while keeping in mind the design criteria, concept statement, and focus areas. It is an extensive and elaborate stage for designers to explain how they have come up with a solution to the research question and problem.

CONCEPT STATEMENT Inspired by Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Homefull is a space designed to evoke transformation, liveliness and community. The goal of this design is to create warm, lively and interactive environment for the residents. This is achieved through a radial configuration of spaces that branch off from the central living room and the use of raw and unpolished elements paired with bright colors.

The hierarchy of spaces will serve to encourage transformation as the residents blossom day by day. Natural daylighting will be maximized and strategically used to incorporate biophilia.

Outdoor spaces will be strongly incorporated to help residents feel familiar with nature and transformation. The vertical linear organization of spaces reinforce the idea of transformation.

DIAGRAM The diagram seen on the left shows how the different spaces in the program fit in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Self-Needs and its categories. More information on these categories can be seen on the next page.

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CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

MA S LOW ’ S HI E R A R C HY O F NE E D S

1 Basic needs

2

PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS Air, food, water, shelter, warmth, sleep, excretion | Dining

| Kitchen

| Restrooms

| Bicycle storage | Laundry

Psychological needs

4

| Mail room

| Phone room

| Storage

| Security

SOCIAL NEEDS Belongingness, love, affection, intimacy, family, frriends, relationships, trust, acceptance, etc. | Living room

| Lounges

| Exterior deck

| Exterior garden | Game room

| Media room

| Court yard | Movie room

ESTEEM NEEDS Self-esteem, self-confidence, achievement, recognition, status, respect | Hair salon

| Community market

COGNITIVE NEEDS Knowledge, understanding, exploration, meaning | Classrooms

6

| Units

Safety, shelter, security, employment, health, stability, protection

| Gym

5

| Clothing bank

SAFETY NEEDS

| Medical

3

| Food bank

| Daycare

AESTHETIC NEEDS Appreciation and search for beauty, balance, form |

Self-fulfillment needs

7

SELF-ACTUALIZATION NEEDS Creativity, personal growth, pursue talent, problem solving, lack of prejudice, morality, full potential | Art workshop

/

| Art gallery

TRANSCENDENCE NEEDS Helping others to achieve self actualization | Offices

| Reception

| Maintenance

| Stairs

| Elevators

| Electrical closet | Mechanical equipment

| Trash

87

5

5

BIOPHILIA

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 1 6300 S.F.

BUBBLE DIAGRAM

Library

Stairs 110 S.F.

Classroom 177 S.F.

Clothing Bank

Rest Room

Classroom 236 S.F.

Classroom 262 S.F.

Food Bank

Rest Room

Gym

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 2 9000 S.F.

BUBBLE DIAGRAM Elev.

100 S.F.

Trash and Recycle

BIOPHILIA

Classroom 228 S.F.

Classroom 221 S.F.

Classroom 222 S.F.

Game Space

Indoor Garden or Water Feature

Yoga 396 S.F.

Exterior Space Daycare

Reception and Mail Bicycle Parking and Storage

5

Security

BIOPHILIA

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 3 3400 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit

Laundry

Unit

Fire Exit

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 3 3400 S.F.

Lounge 415 S.F.

Mental Health

Mental Health

Storage 300 S.F.

Medical Exam

Elec.

40 S.F.

Movie Room

Media Room

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 1 6300 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Exterior Garden 1030 S.F.

Stairs Mental Health

Stairs

Restroom

S

Private Meeting Spaces 627 S.F.

Vertical Opening Circulation 100 S.F. Opening Atrium

Exterior Deck 559 S.F.

Art Gallery

Scanned

by CamScanner S

RR

Living Room / Meeting Space

Living Room / Meeting Space

Offices 709 S.F.

RR

Kitchen and Dining 664 S.F.

Hair Salon

Courtyard

Stairs Elev.

100 S.F. 110 S.F.

Fire Exit

Scanned by CamScanner

Storage

Classroom 228 S.F.

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVEL 2 9000 S.F. Elev.

Elev.

100 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Stairs Stairs 110 S.F.

Restroom 100 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit Security 80 S.F. 80 S.F.

Lounge 500 S.F.

Lounge 500 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Unit 80 S.F.

Fire Exit

BLOCKING DIAGRAM LEVELS 4-6 10200 S.F.

Elev.

Elev.

100 S.F.

Stairs Stairs 110 S.F.

Restroom 100 S.F.

Family Family Unit Unit 145 S.F. 145 S.F.

Laundry

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CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT L E VE L B R E A K DOW N

RESIDENTIAL/ BASIC NEEDS Levels 3 through 6 are designed for residents to have their own space where they can sleep, rest, shower, brush their teeth, wash their face, wash their clothes, and other basic needs as such. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, this is where the essential physiological needs are met.

EDUCATION/LEARNING DEVELOPMENT Level 2 is where residents can learn and develop. They can learn to look for jobs, to use technology, to consider education, to grow vegetables, to cook, and to take care of their physical and mental health.

COMMUNITY/SOCIAL Level 1 is the most public and is where residents can primarily socialize and bond in the living areas. It is also where people who are interested in the program can enter and learn. As for the kids, they can socialize in the daycare.

89

SITE PLAN

LAUREL STREET

SIDE ENTRANCE

RESIDENTIAL COMPONENT

SERVICE COMPONENT

COURT YARD MAIN ENTRANCE BICYCLE PARKING

VEHICLE PARKING

SITE PLAN Not to scale

0 3 6 12

EXTERIOR SPACE

N FIFTH STREET

VEHICLE PARKING

COMMUNITY MARKET

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CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT F LOO R P L A N S

LEVEL ONE Not to scale

0 3 6

12

91

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT F LOO R P L A N S

LEVEL TWO Not to scale

0 3 6 12

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CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT F LOO R P L A N S

LEVEL THREE Not to scale

0 3 6 12

93

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT F LOO R P L A N S

LEVEL FOUR Not to scale

LEVEL FIVE Not to scale

LEVEL SIX Not to scale

0 3 6 12

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CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

D E S I G N D E V E L O P M E N T E X T E R I O R E L E VAT I O N S

NORTH ELEVATION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

Level 7a 80' - 10" Level 7 68' - 0" Level 6 56' - 8" Level 5 45' - 4" Level 4 34' - 0" Level 3 22' - 8" Level 2 11' - 4" Level 1 0' - 0"

SOUTH ELEVATION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

95

D E S I G N D E V E L O P M E N T E X T E R I O R E L E VAT I O N S Level 7a 80' - 10" Level 7 68' - 0" Level 6 56' - 8" Level 5 45' - 4" Level 4 34' - 0" Level 3 22' - 8" Level 2 11' - 4" Level 1 0' - 0"

EAST ELEVATION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

Level 7a 80' - 10" Level 7 68' - 0" Level 6 56' - 8" Level 5 45' - 4" Level 4 34' - 0" Level 3 22' - 8" Level 2 11' - 4" Level 1 0' - 0"

WEST ELEVATION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

96

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT S E C T I ON S Level 7a 80' - 10" Level 7 68' - 0" Level 6 56' - 8" Level 5 45' - 4" Level 4 34' - 0" Level 3 22' - 8" Level 2 11' - 4" Level 1 0' - 0"

LONGITUDINAL SECTION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

Level 7a 80' - 10" Level 7 68' - 0" Level 6 56' - 8" Level 5 45' - 4" Level 4 34' - 0" Level 3 22' - 8" Level 2 11' - 4" Level 1 0' - 0"

LONGITUDINAL SECTION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

97

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT S E C T I ON S Level 7a 80' - 10" Level 7 68' - 0" Level 6 56' - 8" Level 5 45' - 4" Level 4 34' - 0" Level 3 22' - 8" Level 2 11' - 4" Level 1 0' - 0"

TRANSVERSE SECTION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

Level 7a 80' - 10" Level 7 68' - 0" Level 6 56' - 8" Level 5 45' - 4" Level 4 34' - 0" Level 3 22' - 8" Level 2 11' - 4" Level 1 0' - 0"

TRANSVERSE SECTION Not to scale

0 3 6 12

98

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

UNIVERSAL DESIGN

INTRODUCTION Universal design is a big part of the focus area and design solution for Homefull. There are three user profiles that were created as potential users in the space. Each user has his/her unique life experience, skill sets, disabilities, and personalities.

•

Thien Anh Tran

•

Elena Mayz

•

Terry Jackson and Mindy Jackson

By envisioning how this space will work for three different potential users, it helps the designer to create better choices and designs that are universal and that will cater to the majority of the users. After the three user profiles, there are universal design diagrams to illustrate the design decisions made while thinking about these users.

99

1

USER CHARACTERISTICS

DESCRIPTION

•

Name: Thien Anh Tran

Thien is currently facing homelessness. His

•

Birthday: November 20, 1990

current family situation is difficult. His mother has

•

Current Age: 26

passed away, and he no longer keeps in touch

•

Birthplace: Viet Nam

with his biological father and younger brother

•

Favorite Color(s): Red and blue

because of relationship dilemma. He currently

•

Languages: Vietnamese, English

resides with his aunt and her family, but because

•

Height: 5’ 10”

he is relying on them for shelter, there are many

•

Other: Visually impaired (near-sighted),

conflicts. Some conflicts include being asked

Bachelor of Information Technology

to leave once, expected to do all household chores, not being allowed to cook or do laundry, and being told that he lives dirtily and is lazy frequently.

He has tried to find jobs and has gone to job interviews, but he has not found employment.

His last job was two years ago. Because of this, Thien needs help to fend for himself.

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CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

2

USER CHARACTERISTICS

DESCRIPTION

•

Name: Elena Mayz

Elena is an introvert. She has no siblings. She and

•

Birthday: June 22, 1996

her parents moved to Baton Rouge, Louisiana

•

Current Age: 20

when she was little so she is bilingual in two

•

Birthplace: Venezuela

languages. After accepting that she is LGBTQ,

•

Favorite Color(s): Green

she opened up to her parents. Unfortunately, they

•

Languages: English, Spanish

were not very accepting of her and kicked her

•

Height: 4’ 8”

out of their home because they were ashamed of

•

Other: LGBTQ

her. Having no where to go and no one to turn to, she is facing homelessness, trying to become independent with some help and resources. She was studying graphic design in university but had to drop out because she could not finance her studies nor her independent living.

101

3

USER CHARACTERISTICS

DESCRIPTION

Father

Terry is from Katy, Texas, and his hobbies are

•

Name: Terry Jackson

running, drawing, and reading. Terry grew up as

•

Birthday: February 25, 1993

an orphan and went through foster care. After he

•

Current Age: 23

left foster care due to aging out, he became a

•

Favorite Color(s): Blue

single father to Mindy.

•

Languages: English, sign language

•

Height: 6’ 1”

Mindy is a sweet girl whose hearing has been

•

Other: Single father

impaired since she was one. She caught an ear infection, and because Terry and she did not

Daughter

have health care or any medical funds to treat the

•

Name: Mindy Jackson

ear infection immediately, it impaired her hearing

•

Birthday: May 03, 2013

permanently.

•

Current Age: 3

•

Favorite Color(s): Yellow

•

Languages: Sign language

•

Height: 2’ 11”

•

Other: Hearing-impaired

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CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

UNIVERSAL DESIGN DIAGRAM LEVEL 1

Equitable Use Single-use, companion-friendly restrooms to avoid segregation

Equitable Use Card-access side entries for major security concern

Equitable Use Smooth and ground level Zero-step, barrier-free entryway

Flexibility in Use Adjustability in library shelving

104

105

UNIVERSAL DESIGN DIAGRAM LEVEL 2

Perceptible Information Simple and Intuitive Use Large-text, color-coordinated, and icon-heavy wayfinding signs

103

Bright and appropriate lighting, especially task lighting

104

Size and Space for Approach and Use Hallways and aisles at least 36�

Flexibility in Use Height-adjustable kitchen island and bar stools

Simple and Intuitive Use Transparent kitchen cabinets Push latch opening system

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

UNIVERSAL DESIGN DIAGRAM LEVEL 3

Size and Space for Approach and Use Hallways and aisles at least 36�

Equitable Use Card-access elevators to separate levels by gender

Size and Space for Approach and Use Taller, wider doors

Low Physical Effort Flat panels switches rather than toggle switches

Low Physical Effort Door levers instead of door knobs to limit wrist movement

Accessible residential units

105

106

UNIVERSAL DESIGN DIAGRAM LEVELS 4 THROUGH 6

Tolerance for Error

Low Physical Effort

Slip-resistant flooring to avoid preventable slips and accidents

Front-loading washers/dryers minimizing bending/reaching

Handrails installed in restrooms, showers, and on both sides of the staircases

Touch-free faucets with motion sensors that activate waterflow

Wall-fixed shower seat with backrest in showers

Equitable Use Zero-step entry to showers

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

BIOPHILIA AND DAYLIGHTING

107

INTRODUCTION

B I O P H I L I C P AT T E R N S

Biophilia is a hypothesis that suggests humans

There are fourteen patterns in 14 Patterns of

possess an innate tendency to seek connections

Biophilic Design: Improving Health & Well-Being

with nature and other forms of life. The reason

in the Built Environment.

to incorporate biophilia in the built environment is to improve the health and well-being. It “can

The following patterns were strategically

reduce stress, enhance creativity and clarity of

incorporated in the design solution of Homefull:

thought, improve our well-being and expediate healing” (Brown, Clancy, Ryan).

Nature in the Space Patterns

Biophilia is one of the focus areas within Universal

1. Visual Connection with Nature

Design that was focused on for the project.

2. Non-Visual Connection with Nature

Because the homeless residents are coming from

3. Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli

many different places of temporary dwelling (i.e.

4. Thermal & Airflow Variability

outdoors, underneath bridges, shelters, friends’

5. Presence of Water

and relatives’ homes) it is especially important to

6. Dynamic & Diffuse Light

use nature as an element that they are already

7. Connection with Natural Systems

familiar with and turning into an opportunity.

By using biophilia in the design solution, it will

Nature Analogues Patterns

help residents to feel a sense of familiarity that will help to move them towards self-actualization

8. Biomorphic Forms & Patterns

within Maslow’s Hierarchy of Self-Needs.

9. Material Connection with Nature 10. Complexity & Order

The diagrams on the left are to be read as such: the green indicates where the residents will have

Nature of the Space Patterns

access to the outdoors while the yellow indicates where daylighting is available through windows.

11. Prospect 12. Refuge 13. Mystery 14. Risk/Peril

108

5

BIOPHILIA

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM

Level 1 6300 S.F. CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

5

BIOPHILIA

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 2 9000 S.F.

LEVEL ONE

5

LEVEL FOUR

BIOPHILIA LEVEL TWO

LEVEL FIVE

LEVEL THREE

LEVEL SIX

+ BLOCKING DIAGRAM Level 3 3400 S.F.

109

BI O P HI L I C F LOO R P L A N S

LEVEL ONE Not to scale

0 3 6

12

110

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

BI O P HI L I C F LOO R P L A N S

LEVEL TWO Not to scale

0 3 6 12

111

BI O P HI L I C F LOO R P L A N S

LEVEL THREE Not to scale

0 3 6 12

112

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

BI O P HI L I C F LOO R P L A N S

LEVEL FOUR Not to scale

LEVEL FIVE Not to scale

LEVEL SIX Not to scale

0 3 6 12

113

114

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

EXTERIOR PERSPECTIVES Exterior renderings of building

115

116

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

3D VIEW Aerial view

ROOFTOP SPACE Rooftop of second floor

117

EXTERIOR GARDEN Second floor, view from parking lot

118

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

COURTYARD Perspectives on the first floor by main entrance and bicycle racks

119

120

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

EXTERIOR GARDEN Second floor

121

122

EXTERIOR WALKWAY Second and third floorS

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

MULTIFUNCTIONAL FURNITURE FOR DINING The kitchen and dining space were designed for breakfast, lunch, and dinner on multiple shifts but also occasional parties, potlucks and get-togethers.

Eating is an essential part of the kitchen and dining design because it is whether the residents and staff can bond and get to know each other.

MULTIFUNCTIONAL FURNITURE FOR BEDROOMS The bedrooms were designed to transform in a small space. The essential needs are a bed for rest, storage for belongings, space for changing, a refrigerator for snacks and food, and security as one of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. The security is provided by the use of doors and key card access.

Also, every unit is accessible.

123

MULTIFUNCTIONAL FURNITURE FOR CLASSROOMS In a classroom setting, it is important to have furniture that is capable of moving around to adjust to different needs i.e. lecture, group work, partner work, or conference roundtable discussion. Therefore, it is important to have modular furniture that is easily rearrangeable by the users.

124

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

KITCHEN Second floor

125

DECK Exterior dining, second floor

126

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

CLASSROOM Second floor

127

COMPUTER LAB Second floor

128

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

OFFICES Second floor

129

YOGA Second floor

130

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

131

LOUNGE AND PRIVATE MEETING SPACES Second floor

132

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

LIBRARY First floor

133

134

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

ENLARGED STAIR PLAN AND SECTION Level 7 68' - 0"

Level 6 56' - 8"

Level 5 45' - 4"

Level 4 34' - 0"

Level 3 22' - 8"

Level 2 11' - 4"

Level 1 0' - 0"

STAIR SECTION Not to scale

0

3

6

12

135

136

ENLARGED TOILET PLAN AND SECTION

30” 48” 56” 22” 42”

60”

60”

18” 12”

Level 1a 9' - 10"

Level 1 0' - 0" STAIR SECTION Scale: 1/4” = 1’-0”

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT R E F L E C T E D C E I L I NG P L A N S

Vertical opening to below

LEVEL ONE Not to scale

0 3 6

12

137

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT R E F L E C T E D C E I L I NG P L A N S

Vertical opening to below

LEVEL TWO Not to scale

0 3 6 12

138

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

DE S I G N DE VE LO P ME NT R E F L E C T E D C E I L I NG P L A N S

LEVEL THREE Not to scale

---

LEVELS FOUR TO SIX Not to scale

0 3 6 12

139

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Kitchen and Dining Room

Reference

ZO15

Item Name

Passo: Coffee/Dining Table

Manufacturer

Resource Furniture

Catalog Number or Series Quantity

8

Finish

TOP - PW97 Wild Tobacco Oak STRUCTURE - MT98 Matt Graphite

Dimensions

CLOSED- 29.9in (w), 49.6in (l), 9in (h) OPENED - 29.9in (w), 92.9in (l), 31.5in (h)

Description

The Passo is a transforming coffee table that lifts and extends into a dining table thanks to a unique telescoping mechanism and self storing leaf. This space-saving table is adjustable to various heights and can seat 10 people when fully extended.

Available in a variety of table and base finishes — see spec sheet for details.

Remarks

140

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Kitchen and Dining Room

Reference

DC15

Item Name

Arc Chair

Manufacturer

Resource Furniture

Catalog Number or Series Quantity

35-90

Finish

STRUCTURE - T8 Wenge Aniline Ash SEAT & BACK - M2 Black

Dimensions

18.25in (w), 30.75in (h), 19.5in (l), 18.25in (seat h)

Description

The Arc Chair features a unique design that can engage the back directly on the rear legs and lock the chair in a minimum of space. The seat and backrest come in a variety of colors and finishes in wood, and the legs are made of extruded aluminum.

Remarks

141

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Kitchen and Dining Room

Reference Item Name

K7

Manufacturer

Wharfside

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish

Walnut

Dimensions Description

Remarks

L​ eading European manufacturer, Team7, make this gorgeous K7 kitchen range of cabinets. It features beautiful details and options - just like all their range does - including handy pull-out shelves below the oven, and the amazing heightadjustable K7 kitchen island. It’s an electronically heightadjustable kitchen island than can match the height you need for the task you are doing - eating, preparing food, cooking, standing around and having drinks with friends.

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CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Kitchen and Dining Room

Reference

EW23BC85K

Item Name

French Door Refrigerator

Manufacturer

Electrolux

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description Remarks

1

143

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Kitchen and Dining Room

Reference Item Name

Stainless Cabinetry - Scullery Sink - Cantilever

Manufacturer

Kloppenberg & Co

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description Remarks

144

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Single Unit Bedrooms

Family Unit Bedrooms Reference Item Name

Kali Board (90) for Single Units Kali Board (120) for Family Units

Manufacturer

Resource Furniture

Catalog Number or Series Quantity

(90) - 50 (120) - 3

Finish

Melamine White (shelving), Melamine Perla (bed)

Dimensions

(90) OPENED - 37.5in (w), 85in (l), 40in (h) (120) OPENED - 47in (w), 85in (l), 50in (h)

Description

The Kali Board wall bed system is the latest innovation from Italian space saving furniture designers at Clei. This twin sized wall bed system features a desk on the front and when pulled down, the desk moves under the bed while staying level with the ground. The Kali Board is a multifunctional piece that integrates seamlessly with the closet and shelving systems to maximize space.

Remarks

145

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Family Unit Bedrooms

Reference Item Name

Kali Duo Board 196

Manufacturer

Resource Furniture

Catalog Number or Series Quantity

6

Finish

Melamine White (shelving), Melamine Perla (bed)

Dimensions

76.6in (h), 37.5 (w), 85in (w)

Description

The Kali Duo Board is the newest addition to the collection of space saving bunk bed systems. This system has a safety rail for the top bunk, separately storing the ladder that serves as the main support for the upper bunk, and a full-time desk.

Remarks

146

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Single Unit Bedrooms

Family Unit Bedrooms

Reference Item Name

Betty

Manufacturer

Resource Furniture

Catalog Number or Series Quantity

59

Finish

Metal lacquered white (drawers), lacquered white (structures)

Dimensions

60in (h), 6in (w), 24in (l), 56in (l with drawers pulled out)

Description

Betty is not a mirror, not a coat-hanger, absolutely not a drawer unit‌ Betty is all three. This wall mirror features 4 coat hangers that are removable and 5 sliding drawers in metal lacquer and embossed finishing.MI16

Remarks

147

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Single Unit and Family Unit Bedrooms

Reference Item Name

3.2 cu ft Refrigerator, Platinum

Manufacturer

Igloo

Catalog Number or Series Quantity

59

Finish Dimensions

17-33/64in (l), 18-45/64in (w), 31.5in (h)

Description

The Igloo 3.2 cu ft Refrigerator is ideal for use in a dorm room or office space. It features an adjustable thermostat that ranges from 4 to 16 degrees Celsius. This platinum refrigerator has a removable glass shelf along with a water tray inside and the capability to manually defrost. Designed to conserve energy, the Igloo Refrigerator has an output of only 115V/60Hz.

Remarks

148

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Library Reference Item Name

Uniflex Shelving System

Manufacturer

BCI Libraries

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish

Oyster White 0796, Light Grey 0213

Dimensions Description

Remarks

The purpose of the Uniflex shelving system can be derived from its name – a shelving system that allows for a unique image and a flexible learning environment. The Uniflex shelving system makes use of beautiful wood, sleek glass, and perforated sheet metal that work together to create a unique image fit for any library. The Uniflex shelving system puts a contemporary twist on a classical look with special sound-absorbing surfaces that help influence room acoustics. Not only is the Uniflex shelving system pleasing to the eye, but it is effective and practical as well.

149

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Administrative Office

Reference Item Name

Setu Chair

Manufacturer

Herman Miller

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description Remarks

150

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Administrative Office

Reference

CL16

Item Name

Giro Extending Table

Manufacturer

Resource Furniture

Catalog Number or Series Quantity

8

Finish Dimensions

60in (w), 70-7/8in (l), 30-3/8in (h)

Description

The Giro is a console table that also functions as a dining table and work surface all in one. Integrating seamlessly with the complete Clei collection, Giro features a rotating mechanism that allows the table to swing out from the wall and has an accessible drawer when closed for additional storage.

Remarks

151

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Medical Exam Rooms and Mental Health

Reference Item Name

Compass System

Manufacturer

Herman Miller

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description Remarks

152

CHAPTER 6 DESIGN SOLUTION

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Medical Exam Rooms and Mental Health

Reference Item Name

Physician Stool

Manufacturer

Nemschoff

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description Remarks

4

153

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Living Room, Lounge Areas

Reference Item Name

Flex

Manufacturer

Resource Furniture

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description Remarks

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F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Living Room, Lounge Areas

Reference Item Name

Cristallo

Manufacturer

Resource Furniture

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description Remarks

155

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Living Room, Lounge Areas

Reference Item Name

Pico

Manufacturer

Resource Furniture

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description

Remarks

The geometric shapes of the Pico welcome, embrace and blend together, interacting beautifully with the surroundings.

With solid oak legs and a matte lacquer top, the Pico table is available in 3 heights to be used as a part of a collection or on its own. A triangle supports a circle with elegantly crossed legs, making the Pico a stylish addition to any space.SJ15

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F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Daycare

Reference Item Name

Puzzle Table Children’s Furniture

Manufacturer

BCI Libraries

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description

Remarks

The Puzzle Table was developed from an overall concept of activity, thus inducing participation and easy arranging for a multitude of activities. Diverse in nature, the furniture was designed with a variety of uses in mind, including private use, learning facilities, etc.

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Restrooms

Reference Item Name

Alteo Widespread bathroom sink faucet

Manufacturer

Kohler

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish

Polished Chrome

Dimensions Description

Remarks

With sleek, confident curves inspired by nature, the Alteo faucet collection exudes a self-assured simplicity. Designed to deliver exceptional quality at an approachable price, the Alteo collection features fluid design lines that complement a wide range of decor.

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F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Restrooms

Reference

B-295 x 24

Item Name

Stainless Steel Shelf

Manufacturer

Bobrick

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description

Remarks

24” (610mm) long x 5” (125mm) wide, 18‑gauge (1.2mm), type 304 stainless steel, satin finish. 3⁄4” (19mm) return edge; front edge is hemmed for safety. Brackets are 16-gauge (1.6mm).

159

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Restrooms

Reference

K-11885-S and K-11887

Item Name

Margeaux 36� and 48� grab bars

Manufacturer

Kohler

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish

Polished Stainless (-S)

Dimensions Description

Remarks

Margaux grab bars feature the distinctive pillow-top detailing of Margaux faucets and accessories for an elegant, classic look. This ADA-compliant 36-inch bar easily adapts to any bathroom, providing support for entering and exiting showers and baths.

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F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Restrooms

Reference Item Name

Vox Rectangle vessel bathroom sink with widespread faucet holes

Manufacturer

Kohler

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish

White

Dimensions Description

Remarks

Sleek and contemporary, the Vox Rectangle vessel-style sink features a wide, deep basin and rounded edges in true minimalist fashion. Countertop installation ensures this sink will stand out in your bathroom as a striking focal point.

161

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Restrooms Reference

B-3974

Item Name

Recessed Convertible Automatic, Universal Roll Towel Dispenser Equipped with LED Light/Waste Receptable

Manufacturer

Bobrick

Catalog Number or Series

ClassicSeries

Quantity Finish Dimensions Description

Remarks

Unit includes convertible automatic universal, roll paper towel dispenser with intuitive, patron-friendly light that directs users to towel activation zone and 12-gallon (45.5L) waste receptacle. Satin-finish stainless steel. Seamless beveled flange. Dispenses universal, 1 ½“ to 2“ (38 to 51mm) diameter core, up to 8” (205mm) wide, up to 8” (205mm) diameter rolls, 800 ft (244m) long, plus 3 1⁄2” (90mm) diameter stub roll with automatic transfer. Removable waste receptacle is locked into cabinet. Battery requirements: 4 Alkaline “D” Cells (not included). Field conversion made easy without replacing existing cabinets in wall.

162

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F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Restrooms

Reference

B-7128

Item Name

TrimDry ADA Surface-Mounted Hand Dryer

Manufacturer

Bobrick

Catalog Number or Series

QuietDry Series

Quantity Finish Dimensions Description Remarks

Durable, 22-gauge, Type 304 satin-finish stainless steel cover with black plastic trim, automatic operation, dual air outlets.

163

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Restrooms

Reference

Model 5912: Recessed

Item Name

1-Stall Seat Cover/Tissue Dispenser, Napkin Disposal

Manufacturer

Bradley Corp

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description Remarks

Box of 500 waxed paper napkin disposal liners available order separately using #P11-022

164

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F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Restrooms

Reference

B-2111

Item Name

Surface-Mounted Soap Dispenser

Manufacturer

Bobrick

Catalog Number or Series

ClassicSeries

Quantity Finish Dimensions

Unit 4 3⁄4” W, 8 1⁄8” H (120 x 205mm); wall to push-button, 3 1⁄2” (90mm).

Description

Vertical tank is satin-finish stainless steel. Valve dispenses all-purpose hand soaps. Capacity: 40‑fl oz (1.2‑L). Soap refill window. Concealed wall fastening. Hinged filler-top requires special key to open. Vandalresistant.

Remarks

165

F UR NI T UR E , F I X T UR E S , A ND E Q UI P ME NT

Restrooms

Reference

KB110-SSRE

Item Name

Horizontal, Recessed Mounted Baby Changing Station

Manufacturer

Bobrick

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description

Remarks

18-gauge, type 304 satin stainless steel exterior finish with molded grey color polyethylene interior. Unit 37” W x 23” H (940 x 585mm). Depth (closed) 3⁄4” (20mm). Extension (open) 15 1⁄4” (385mm). Rough Wall Opening: 35 1⁄2” W x 20 1⁄2” H (900 x 520mm), 4” (100mm) min. depth.

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Daycare

Reference Item Name

Quadro Pouf

Manufacturer

BCI Libraries

Catalog Number or Series Quantity Finish Dimensions Description

Remarks

Quadro is a modern Scandinavian interpretation of a mix between the traditional Moroccan cushion and the Eastern tea tray table. It can be used as a soft, cozy stool for your feet or with the tray as a side/sofa table. The tray can also be used as a tabletop. Turned downwards, it forms a visual whole with the soft base, designed to fit perfectly together.

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Conclusion Reference List Annotated Bibliography Appendices

169

POSTFACE CONCLUSION

design from the interior to the exterior was met

T

were designed for maximum health benefits in

to create a holistic design. All exterior spaces

he research question, thesis statement, and

problem

were

successful

by

integrating a biophilic design application

that was centered around the concept statement of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Self-Needs.

From the moment a user approaches the Homefull building from afar to the moment the user enters, he/she experiences a natural connection. Immediately, at least one of the fourteen patterns of biophilia is then activated to help his/her health. From the diagrams and perspective renderings, the strong connection between the interior and exterior spaces is evident. This connection allows the users to accept their past experiences while working towards a new transformative path of life towards self-actualization. The strategically designed spaces will help to activate growth within the seven categories in Maslow’s hierarchy, encouraging residents to develop in different facets like a gem.

The building was a perfect fit for the research question, thesis statement and problem at hand.

The six-story block attaches to the two-story block and works well because the six-story block serves as a safe refuge for the developing.

The design criteria issues and considerations are resolved by the strategic planning of daylighting and views along the curtain walls to maximize daylighting where community-based socialization take place. The consideration of extending the

mind, and all interior spaces were designed with daylighting, views, and biophilia in mind. The safety and security of the residents is an issue that was met by elevator card-access, side-entries card access, division of gender by floor, and security guards. The biophilic focus incorporated at least eight of fourteen biophilic patterns in the built environment. The minimalism sub-focus was achieved by the careful selection of furniture that not only was modular but was also transformative in order to adapt to different needs.

With the homeless young adults, one thing is certain: self-actualization has not been met.

Therefore, with Maslow’s Hierarchy of Self-Needs programmed and intertwined in a biophilic building, it shows that facilities meant to provide services to the homeless can be successful in guiding the determined homeless to start over. With a strong support system of peers who can build a solid foundation together, selfactualization and transcendence is achievable through design.

170

POSTFACE

REFERENCE LIST 1. Andrew. “Proposed Tiny House Code for the 2018 IRC.” Tiny House Build. September 2016.

Accessed October 2016. https://tinyhousebuild.com/proposed-tiny-house-code.

2. Andrew. “Proposed Tiny House Code for the 2018 IRC.” Tiny House Build. September 2016.

Accessed October 2016. https://tinyhousebuild.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/ProposedTiny-House-Appendix-and-Reason-Statement.pdf.

3. “Architects Plan to Turn Brazil’s Empty Stadiums into Housing for Homeless.” Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.earthporm.com/architects-plan-turn-brazils-empty-stadiums-housinghomeless.

4. “Arena das Dunas / Populous.” ArchDaily. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.archdaily. com/513274/arena-das-dunas-populous.

5. ASLA, American Society of Landscape Architects. “Designing with the Homeless.” Annual Meeting & Expo 2015. Accessed October 2016. https://asla.org/uploadedFiles/CMS/Meetings_and_ Events/2015_Annual_Meeting_Handouts/FRI-B01_Designing%20with%20the%20Homeless.pdf.

6. ASID Research Series on Sustainability. Accessed September 2016. https://www.asid.org/content/ interior-design-and-global-impacts#.V_KdSvArKUk. 7. Bacon, Leigh. “Interior Designer’s Attitudes Toward Sustainable Interior Design Practices and Barriers Encountered when Using Sustainable Interior Design Practices” (2011). Theses from the Architecture Program. Paper 104.

8. Badger, Emily. “How High Design Can Help the Homeless.” The Atlantic. June 2012.

Accessed October 2016. http://www.citylab.com/cityfixer/2012/06/how-high-design-can-helphomeless/2295/.

9. “Bamboo Orphanage at Soe Ker Tie House by TYIN Tegnestue.” DesignBoom. January 2014.

Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.designboom.com/architecture/bamboo-orphanageat-soe-ker-tie-house-by-tyin-tegnestue-01-07-2014.

10. Brasher, Joan. “Report: Homeless families fare better with housing vouchers.” Vanderbilt University, Research News at Vanderbilt. July 2015. Accessed September 2016. https://news.vanderbilt. edu/2015/07/07/report-homeless-families-fare-better-with-housing-vouchers/.

11. Broadway. “The Impact of Social and Cultural Activities on the Health and Wellbeing of Homeless People.” Westminster Primary Care Trust. October 2005. Accessed November 2016. http:// homelesshub.ca/sites/default/files/0vohp23u.pdf.

12. Browning, William; Clancy, Joseph; Ryan, Catherine. “14 Patterns of Biophilic Design: Improving Health & Well-Being in the Built Environment.” 2014. Accessed October 2016. https://www. terrapinbrightgreen.com/reports/14-patterns.

13. Burgstahler, Sheryl. “Universal Design of Instruction (UDI): Definition, Principles, Guidelines, and Examples. University of Washington. Accessed October 2016. http://www.washington.edu/doit/ universal-design-instruction-udi-definition-principles-guidelines-and-examples.

14. Cain, Sarah Cross. “Sustainability for Interior Design: Rating the Flooring Materials | a LEED Registered Hotel Using the BEES Evaluative Software for Sustainable Products.” University of Florida. 2007.

15. Carlin, Timothy M. “Tiny Homes: Improving Carbon Footprint and the American Lifestyle on a Large Scale.” College of Saint Benedict/Saint John’s University, 1-21. April 2014. Accessed September 2016. http://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/elce_cscday/35.

16. Carrier, Courtney M., “Designing Waste Creating Space: A Critical Examination into Waste Reduction Through Building Techniques, Architectural Design, and Systems” (2016). Masters

171

Theses May 2014 - current. Paper 338.

17. “Casa Futebol.” Axel de Stampa. July 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://axeldestampa. com/Casa-Futebol.

18. “Casa Futebol by Axel de Stampa and Sylvain Macaux.” ItsLiquid. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.itsliquid.com/casa-futebol-1week1project.html.

19. “Community First! Village — Mobile Loaves & Fishes.” Mobile Loaves Fishes. 2015. Accessed September 2016. http://mlf.org/community-first.

20. Danson, Casey Coates. “How Tiny House Communities Can Work for Both the Haves and the Have Nots.” Global Possibilities. March 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www. globalpossibilities.org/how-tiny-house-communities-can-work-for-both-the-haves-and-the-havenots.

21. “Dignity Village.” Dignity Village. https://dignityvillage.org.

22. Dirksen, Kirsten. “We The Tiny House People (Documentary): Small Homes, Tiny Flats & Wee Shelters.” YouTube. April 2012. Accessed September 2016. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=lDcVrVA4bSQ. 23. Equipo PARQ. “Casa Futebol Proposes a Different Olympic Legacy for Brazil’s Stadiums.” ArchDaily.

Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.archdaily.com/526191/casa-futebol-proposes-adifferent-olympic-legacy-for-brazil-s-stadiums.

24. “Financials.” Mobile Loaves Fishes. 2015. Accessed October 2016. http://mlf.org/community-first.

25. GoodNewsNetwork. “Innovative Austin Micro-Village Will Rent to Homeless for $210 a Month Good News Network.” Good News Network. September 2014. Accessed September 2016. http:// www.goodnewsnetwork.org/micro-village-will-rent-to-austin-homeless-for-210-a-month.

26. Green, Marcus Harrison. “In a Tiny House Village, Portland’s Homeless Find Dignity.” Yes! Magazine. January 2016. Accessed October 2016. http://www.yesmagazine.org/peace-justice/in-a-tiny-house-village-portlands-homeless-find-dignity-20160128.

27. Green, Penelope. “Selling the Pared-Down Life: The Founder of TreeHugger and His Apartment of the Future.” The New York Times. May 2012. Accessed September 2016. http://www. nytimes.com/2012/05/17/garden/the-founder-of-treehugger-and-his-apartment-of-the-future. html?pagewanted=all&_r=0.

28. Grozdanic, Lidija. “Casa Futebol: Architect Want to Turn Brazil’s Stadiums into Affordable Housing.”

Inhabitat. Web. October 2016. http://inhabitat.com/casa-futebol-architects-want-to-turn-brazilsstadiums-into-affordable-housing.

29. Hartman, Pat. “Exciting Development in Austin.” House the Homeless, Inc. September 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.housethehomeless.org/exciting-development-in-austin.

30. Hewitt, Stephen. “Living Small: Tiny House Documentary.” Vimeo. 2014. Accessed September 2016. https://vimeo.com/95698105.

31. Hoffman, Piper. “10 Reasons Homeless People Sleep Out in the Cold – and Die.” Care2. March 2015. Accessed October 2016. http://www.care2.com/causes/10-reasons-homeless-peoplesleep-out-in-the-cold-and-die.html.

32. Homeless Analytics. 2012. Accessed October 2016. http://homelessnessanalytics.org/map/.

33. Homeless Shelter Directory. “Baton Rouge Homeless Shelters & Services for the Needy.”

Accessed

October

2016.

http://www.homelessshelterdirectory.org/cgi-bin/id/city.

cgi?city=Baton+Rouge&state=LA. 34. Keane, O. Sustainable Commercial Interior Design. Masters Dissertation. Dublin Institute of Technology. 2009. Accessed September 2016.

35. Keyes, Scott. “Baton Rouge’s New Plan for Its Homeless Population: Give Them One-Way Bus

172

POSTFACE

Tickets.” ThinkProgress. June 2013. Accessed September 2016. https://thinkprogress.org/batonrouges-new-plan-for-its-homeless-population-give-them-one-way-bus-tickets-78663766e43a#. sjokmtlwq.

36. Kilman, Charlie. “Small House, Big Impact: The Effect of Tiny Houses on Community and Environment.” Undergraduate Journal of Humanistic Studies, 2 : 1-12. January 2016. Accessed September 2016. https://apps.carleton.edu/ujhs/assets/charlie_kilman_tinyhouses__4_.pdf.

37. Lavars, Nick. “Casa Futebol Concept Would Turn World Cup Stadiums into Low-Cost Housing.”

New Atlas. July 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://newatlas.com/casa-futebol-brazilworld-cup-stadiums/33003.

38. Leddy, Shannon Mary. “A PROGRAM TEMPLATE FOR COMPLETE INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINABILITY PRINCIPLES INTO ACCREDITED UNDERGRADUATE INTERIOR DESIGN PROGRAMS IN THE UNITED STATES.” May 2013.

39. Leininger, Amanda. “Interior Design in the Realm of Social Services: Housing the Homeless.”

Eastern Michigan University. August 2013. October 2016. http://commons.emich.edu/cgi/ viewcontent.cgi?article=1884&context=theses.

40. Lenhart, Jennifer. “Nashville: ‘Tiny Homes’ for the Homeless.” The Urban Observer. January 2016.

Accessed September 2016. https://exploring-and-observing-cities.org/2016/01/18/nashville-tinyhomes-for-the-homeless.

41. Lima, Mauricio. “Brazilian Slum Dwellers Push Back Against Olympic Development.” The New York

Times.

Web.

October

2016.

http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2012/02/27/world/

americas/20120228-BRAZIL-10.html.

42. Mlfnow. “Community First! Village.” YouTube. May 2014. Accessed September 2016. https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pc0HaWUHCO8.

43. Mlfnow. “Community First! Village – A New Movement.” YouTube. August 2016. Accessed September 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=27XDnHnzdck&feature=youtu.be.

44. Mingoya, Catherine. “Building Together. Tiny House Villages for the Homeless: A Comparative Case Study.” Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1-89. June 2015. Accessed September 2016. https://dusp.mit.edu/sites/dusp.mit.edu/files/attachments/news/mingoya_2015.pdf.

45. Mueller, Merete and Smith, Christopher. “The American Dream is Alive—and It’s Really, Really Tiny.” The Atlantic. June 2014. Accessed September 2016. http://www.theatlantic.com/video/ index/372029/the-american-dream-is-alive-and-its-really-tiny/.

46. NAEH, National Alliance to End Homelessness. “Cost of Homelessness.” Accessed October 2016. http://www.endhomelessness.org/pages/cost_of_homelessness.

47. NAEH, National Alliance to End Homelessness. “The State of Homelessness in America 2014.”

Accessed

October

2016.

http://www.endhomelessness.org/page/-/files/2014_State_Of_

Homelessness_final.pdf.

48. NCH, National Coalition for the Homeless. “Why Are People Homeless?” June 2007. Accessed October 2016. http://www.nationalhomeless.org/publications/facts/Why.pdf.

49. Noe, Rain. “Casa Futebol Concept to Turn World Cup Stadiums into Public Housing.” Core77.

July 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www.core77.com/posts/27303/casa-futebolconcept-to-turn-world-cup-stadiums-into-public-housing-27303.

50. Nussbaumer, Linda L. Inclusive Design: A Universal Need. New York: Fairchild, 2012.

51. Obeidat, Islam and Obeidat, Manar. “Efficency, safety and healthy materials in sustainable interior design.” Q Science Proceedings: Qatar Green Building Conference 2015 – The Vision. Yarmouk University. Accessed September 2016.

52. Pflaumer, Drew. “Tiny House Handbook: A Creative Project.” Ball State University, 1-42. May 2015.

173

Accessed September 2016. https://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/bitstream/handle/123456789/199621/ PflaumerD_2015-2_BODY.pdf?sequence=1.

53. Ross, Winston. “Ever Wonder What to Say to a Homeless Person? Here Are 5 Things to Say and 5 Things Not to Say.” NationSwell. September 2014. Accessed October 2016. http://nationswell. com/homeless-america-5-things-to-say.

54. Saieh, Nico. “Soe Ker Tie House / TYIN Tegnestue.” Archdaily. June 2009. Accessed October 2016. http://www.archdaily.com/25748/soe-ker-tie-house-tyin-tegnestue.

55. Semuels, Alana. “Tiny Homes for the Homeless.” The Atlantic. October 2015. Accessed September 2016. http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2015/10/tiny-homes-homeless/413212.

56. Slessor, Catherine. “Soe Ker Tie Houses by Tyin Tegnestue, Noh Bo, Tak, Thailand.” The Architectural Review. November 2009. Web. October 2016. https://www.architectural-review. com/today/soe-ker-tie-houses-by-tyin-tegnestue-noh-bo-tak-thailand/8600565.article.

57. “Soe Ker Tie House.”TYIN Architects. 2008. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://www. tyinarchitects.com/works/soe-ker-tie-house.

58. The Homeless Hub: Research Matters Finding Solutions to Homelessness. 2016. Accessed November 2016. http://homelesshub.ca/solutions/meaningful-engagement/meaningful-activities.

59. Thomas, David. “27 Acre Community First Village Ends Austin Homelessness.” The Austinot.

September 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http://austinot.com/community-first-village.

60. “Week 29 – House Football.” 1 Week 1 Project. July 2014. Web. Accessed October 2016. http:// www.1week1project.org/2014/07/06/casa-futebol.

61. Weeks, Eliza. “Community First Goes Beyond Housing for Austin Homeless.” The Austinot. May 2016. Accessed September 2016. http://austinot.com/community-first-village-austin.

62. “What Is the Tiny House Movement?” The Tiny Life: Tiny Houses, Tiny Living. Accessed September 2016. http://thetinylife.com/what-is-the-tiny-house-movement/.

63. Wingate, Stephanie Paula, “Public perception of sustainable interior design practices in residential settings” (2014). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. Paper 14257. Accessed September 2016.

64. Yost, Julie. “Community First! Austin’s Visionary Impact Village.” SXSW Eco. July 2015. Accessed September village.

2016.

http://sxsweco.com/news/2015/community-first-austins-visionary-impact-

174

POSTFACE

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ASID Research Series on Sustainability. Accessed September 2016. https://www.asid.org/content/ interior-design-and-global-impacts#.V_KdSvArKUk Collectively, this research series contains papers on sustainable design that was research and written by industry thought leaders in sustainable design. It was created to address topics of sustainability within the interior design profession. Some of the topics are beyond interior design, indoor air quality, materials and products, selling green, and reference guide.

Bacon, Leigh. “Interior Designer’s Attitudes Toward Sustainable Interior Design Practices and Barriers Encountered when Using Sustainable Interior Design Practices” (2011). Theses from the Architecture Program. Paper 104.

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate whether interior designers had a positive or negative attitude towards sustainable interior design practices. It evaluated three areas: (1) project capabilities, (2) transition to sustainability, (3) and knowledge and skills associated with sustainable design. It studied whether the positive or negative attitudes of interior designers affected the use of sustainable interior design practices.

Carrier, Courtney M., “Designing Waste Creating Space: A Critical Examination Into Waste Reduction Through Building Techniques, Architectural Design, and Systems” (2016). Masters Theses May 2014 current. Paper 338.

Can we contribute to waste by designing waste? Waste is an ever evolving and growing issue in our world today. Buildings and the spaces we inhabit contribute to the human destruction to our natural world. This thesis was helpful because it raised a lot of concerns about waste and how that relates to sustainability and minimalism.

Green, Penelope. May 2012. “Selling the Pared-Down Life: The Founder of TreeHugger and His Apartment of the Future.” The New York Times. Accessed September 2016. http://www. nytimes.com/2012/05/17/garden/the-founder-of-treehugger-and-his-apartment-of-the-future. html?pagewanted=all&_r=0.

“Design your life to include more money, health and happiness with less stuff, space and energy.”

Green introduces TreeHugger, a website that brings attention to attractive environmentalism and that promotes a global modern vision of sustainable design. Its founder was Mr. Hill, who is a trained architect and product designer. She introduces individuals who “conflate consumption with environmentalism.” This article was very helpful in pointing readers towards other sources who believe in tiny homes as well as minimal and sustainable living.

Keane, O. Sustainable Commercial Interior Design. Masters Dissertation. Dublin Institute of Technology.

2009. Accessed September 2016.

Although this thesis proposal is a residential project, it does not hurt to look at sustainable commercial interior design. Commercial design, for the most part, follows more strenuous

175

codes for the public safety, health, and welfare of the public. Design decisions cannot be based on only aesthetics and functionality but also safety. That raises a challenge for the project. How can recycled and sustainable materials be used without compromising the safety of Homefull’s residents? Some concerns are combustibility and indoor air quality. Some suggestions given by Keane were salvaged wood and remilled lumber. Along with the recycled content percentage, what must also be considered are transportation, processing, manufacturing, and installing methods.

Obeidat, Islam and Obeidat, Manar. “Efficiency, safety and healthy materials in sustainable interior design.” Q Science Proceedings: Qatar Green Building Conference 2015 – The Vision. Yarmouk University. Accessed September 2016.

Obeidat lists ways in which interior designers can integrate sustainability goals into the building design process. Some of these ways are: using materials with low environmental impact, using a qualitative criterion when selecting materials, selecting materials with a low life cycle cost, and considering how recycling programs will impact facilities design and layout.

Pflaumer, Drew. May 2015. “Tiny House Handbook: A Creative Project.” Ball State University, 1-42.

Accessed September 2016. https://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/bitstream/handle/123456789/199621/ PflaumerD_2015-2_BODY.pdf?sequence=1.

Pflaumer investigates precedents of individuals “turning to tiny homes as an affordable, living alternative” with the costs of living on the rise. With research on household sizes, household incomes, and square footages, Pflaumer finds that some of the reasons why people choose to live in tiny homes are (1) environmentalism and sustainability, (2) finances, and (3) freedom. Pflaumer explores two different types of tiny homes, (1) wheeled tiny homes and (2) foundation built tiny homes.

Wingate, Stephanie Paula, “Public perception of sustainable interior design practices in residential settings” (2014). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. Paper 14257. Accessed September 2016.

This graduate thesis was eye opening because it shared the public perception of sustainable interior design practices in residential settings. Some of the reasons why the public is hesitant to implement sustainable practices are: because it is expensive, because they are currently doing some things and plan to do more, and because they do not completely understand what to do or how to do it. This project has the potential of successfully using sustainable products in a residential setting.

176