moodcyclopedia by Radik T.

m oo d c yclo pe d i a By ill-studio

By Y o rg o T l o u p a s

FORE WORD

By contrast, artists are usually way less mathematical and pragmatic in the discourse and argumentation that accompanies their work, if they deign giving any explanation at all. It is highly unlikely to ever hear someone like Anselm Kiefer or James Turrell citing an accumulation of precise references as the basis for a piece (although it would be fun to hear the latter describe an installation as the result of the mix of "Aurora Borealis, Windows PC screen-savers, a Yves Klein monochrome, and my mother's make-up box"). Rather, they cite influence from past masters, from everyday life, or from other artistic disciplines (the upcoming "danser sa vie" show at Centre Pompidou, Paris, explores the bridges drawn between dance and art over the last century). Architecture also usually eschews direct referencing, probably by fear of buildings being nicknamed after everyday objects (Rem Koolhas' CCTV building in Beijing is dubbed "the trousers" by the locals, and most of Frank Gehry's structures end up

being compared to messy crumpled paper bags...). Cinema may sometimes quote various influences, but its inherent reliance on good storytelling makes inspiration less of a crucial part of the craft, even if masters like Jean-Luc Godard pepper their work with nods to Greek tragedy, to literature and fine art. More often, you'll find references discreetly inserted in the decor, in a TV set running in the background, or in the book a character may be reading. But a graphic design project, by nature, is hugely dependent on the final decision of the client, and thus needs to be argued, defended and made convincing by an array of means, from the use of reassuring (and complex) wording, to the display of references and counter-examples, via the presence of a handsome assistant (male or female) during the presentation. Most designers will opt to show their clients some inspiration images, if only to visually educate decision-makers who more often than not have next to no artistic background. As with food, a well-presented and cleverly arranged project will be easier to swallow and more tasty than a final product unleashed bare and raw onto the client's table. And if chefs pay attention to service, decorum and cutlery, graphic designers tend to create long PDFs or piles of printed boards that progressively bring the viewer to the final result, via a long journey through carefully researched archives, rivals' work, sketches and rejected options, to finally reach a chosen design. But what the public sees is only that final result, by itself, isolated from the context of its genesis, bare of explanations. Sometimes even the client is shielded from seeing inspiration images, often to avoid claims of plagiarism, or to pretend to a greater level of creativity than one is gifted with. This practice isn't without risks, as in the digital age the furious online mob is quick to unearth past images that

bear suspicious resemblance to newer ones, and the websites joelapompe and youthoughtwewouldntnotice are full of shockingly similar ad campaigns and t-shirt designs, naming and shaming culprits. So it is somewhat brave and foolhardy of Ill-Studio, arguably one of the best design collectives in France, to publish an annual report displaying so clearly the links between inspiration and creativity. When they first appeared on the French design scene in 2007, Ill-Studio stemmed from a skateboarding magazine, Chill, and seemed like a loose group of creatives, an A-team of young guys possessed with the rebellious spirit of the sport that united them. They expressed themselves through a collective web page, where each member posted what he felt like showing to an online audience, from personal work to street observations and found designs. This inspiring web page closed down after a while but its spirit can be found again in the present book. In these pages, what most people would hide in a deep cupboard, Ill-Studio chose to print out and lay bare for all to see. Old posters, 1980's airbrush art, obscure architectural endeavours, antique sculptures, all gathered here next to the final result, in a frank and honest manner, at the risk of diminishing the perception of the unique value of their work. But this is a conscious act, part motivated by a deep love for the creative process, part justified by a desire to educate and inform both future generations of designers, and potential clients. Can it lead to a re-consideration of their work? Can it make us appreciate their posters, compositions and layouts less than if they'd appeared as pure creations of their minds? Will others follow? Hard to judge, but at least this process puts us, the readers, in the coveted position of a client being led through the infancy of creation, and spreads in front of us the minds of these designers like an open book, vulnerable and candid at the same time.

Invariably, when fashion designers unleash their primadonna voices and, backstage, after their fashion shows, explain to star-struck journalists the reasoning behind their latest collection, they are asked about inspiration. And unlike artists or film-makers, who may vaguely reference previous masters of their craft, fashion designers are never short of precise - and often far-fetched - references. "This season I wanted to mix east-German student chic with Monaco yacht owner brashness, traditional wedding cakes from Uganda and the colours of the iPad interface". And you can be sure that a mood board exists, pinned to the wall of their design studio, with printed images of exactly these references. How such seemingly unrelated subjects end up being the base for a collection of clothes is, depending on your view on the fashion world, either a sign of genius or a proof of the vacuity of the whole exercise.

By ILL - STUDIO

I n t rO d u c t i O n

The goal of this book is to present part of the "raw inspiration material" used for creative purpose by the members of Ill-Studio in 2010. This material rarely appears to be strictly graphic, instead it covers all kinds of fields and moments. Our inspiration thrives on references that we specifically research and look for or simply chance upon; it is found in expected places such as art, architecture and music, and in unexpected encounters such as finding a rock in a forest or observing the shape of an office plant. Regardless of its origin, importance or meaning, each compelling reference is archived in visual form in Ill-Studio's inspiration folders. When working on a project, digging in this ever-expanding catalogue of not-so-general knowledge is often key to our creative process, whether in a central manner or as an Ariadne's thread leading us to yet another idea. Whilst our works are the products of our savoir-faire as a multidisciplinary creative studio, our influences are much more intimate. It is this introspection that we share today, as this book also accounts for the memories of those short or long lasting passions that prompted us, at various points during the year 2010, to explore and learn about specific items.

Being creative is dependant on a state of mind known as inspiration. Inspiration, however, is just as beautiful as it is elusive, like a decidedly unquantifiable variable in a world of deadlines and targeted objectives. Because fertile ideas are but rarely found on demand, or when expected, the quest for inspiration is ongoing, often long predating the project immediately at hand. Ill-Studio works on diverse projects, which results in sometimes very different modes of production, but our creative process always walks the tracks of both innovation and lineage.

Popular Culture.

Office Space Environment.

INSPI R ATIONS CLASSI F ICATION

Art & Design.

02. Dracaena marginata, Madagascar Dragon Tree.

A flowering plant in the Ruscaceae family, native to Madagascar. It is a slow-growing shrub or small tree, eventually reaching heights of 2-5 m. The thin leaves are linear and a deep, glossy green colour with red edges; typically 30-90 cm long and 2-7 cm wide, tapering to an acuminate point.

01.

Alessandro Mendini.

An Italian designer and architect. He played an important part in the development of Italian design. Alongside his artistic career, he also worked for Casabella, Modo and Domus magazines.

03.

Archimedes of Syracuse.

A Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists of classical antiquity. His advances in physics included laying the foundations of hydrostatics and statics, and an explanation of the principle of the lever.

04. Chancel, Parish church in Riola, designed by Alvar Aalto, 1975.

In architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building. It may terminate in an apse.

05. The Undersea World of Jacques yves Cousteau. A non-fiction documentary television series focusing on marine biodiversity, hosted by the French filmmaker, researcher and marine explorer, Jacques Yves Cousteau. New episodes of the series aired from 1968 until 1975.

06.

Fruit Hat.

A fruit hat is a festive and colourful hat type popularised by Carmen Miranda and associated with warm climes. This type of hat has been worn in films, by fashionistas, by comic strip characters, and for Halloween.

08.

Balance Board.

A device used for recreation, athletic training, brain development, therapy, musical training and other kinds of personal development. The user must stay balanced enough to keep the board's edges from touching the ground and to keep from them falling off the board.

07. FlashBack, Un Nuovo Tiempo per la Disco-Music, Gianni Arnaudo, 1974. The discotheque comprises two floors to be used as a dance hall, bar and services, with the upper part accomodating a horseshoe-shaped auditorium inside the base of a large ionic column , where music can be heard with headphones. The operation stems from a new and often and demystifying attitude which opens a critical path into architecture through architecture itself.

09.

Cassette Culture.

Refers to the trading of home-made audio cassettes, usually of rock or alternative music. The culture was in part an offshoot of the mail art movement of the 1970s and 1980s. In both the United States and United Kingdom, it emerged from the DIY ethic of punk. In the UK cassette culture was at its peak in what is known as the post-punk period, 1978-1984. In the US, activity extended through the late 1980s and into the 1990s.

10. Alexander Calder, Two Spheres within a Sphere, 1931.

An American sculptor and artist most famous for inventing the mobile. In addition to his mobile and stabile sculptures, Alexander Calder also created paintings, lithographs, toys, tapestries, jewellery and household objects.

12.

Bjorn Rune Borg.

The former World No. 1 tennis player from Sweden, he won 11 Grand Slam singles titles between 1974 and 1981. He also won five consecutive Wimbledon singles titles and four consecutive French Open singles titles.

11. Vanitas, Philippe de Champaigne, 1671. In the arts, vanitas is a type of symbolic work of art especially associated with Northern European still life painting in Flanders and the Netherlands during the 16th and 17th centuries, though also common in other places and periods. The word is Latin, meaning "emptiness," and loosely translated corresponds to the meaninglessness of earthly life and the transient nature of vanity.

14.

Astronomical Symbols.

The symbols used to represent various celestial objects, theoretical constructs and observational events in astronomy. These symbols were commonly used by professional and amateur astronomers.

15.

13. Paul Outerbridge, Party-mask with Shells, 1936. An American photographer prominent for his early use and experiments in colour photography. Outerbridge was a fashion and commercial photographer, an early pioneer and teacher of colour photography, and an artist who created photographs of erotic nudes that could not be exhibited in his lifetime.

Alchimia Studio.

Founded by Alessandro and Adriana Guerriero and Bruno and Giorgio Gregori in 1976, this Milan-based avant-garde experimental design group worked outside the constraints of mass production, evolving from the Anti-Design experimentation of Italian radical design groups of the 1960s such as Archizoom and Superstudio. Alchimia was opposed to the dogma of elegance and "good taste" so evident in much mainstream Italian design of the 1950s and 1960s.

16. Jean Nouvel, The Anne Frank College, 1978.

Jean Nouvel is a French architect. Nouvel studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris and was a founding member of Mars 1976 and Syndicat de l'Architecture. The Anne Frank College is the fruit of a bet. Starting from an industrial model which traditionally restricts the architect to a subordinate role of adaptation to the site, Nouvel has taken the liberty of producing a particularly forward critical and ironic work.

18.

17. Hipgnosis, Ashra Correlations, 1979. Hipgnosis was a British art and design group that specialised in creating cover art for the albums of rock musicians and bands, most notably Pink Floyd, The Pretty Things, UFO, 10cc, Bad Company, Led Zeppelin, AC/DC, Scorpions, Yes, The Alan Parsons Project, Genesis, ELO and XTC. Hipgnosis consisted primarily of Storm Thorgerson, Aubrey Powell, and later, Peter Christopherson.

Geometry.

The branch of mathematics concerned with questions of shape, size, relative position of figures, and the properties of space. Geometry is one of the oldest mathematical sciences. Initially a body of practical knowledge concerning lengths, areas, and volumes, in the 3rd century BC geometry was put into an axiomatic form by Euclid, whose treatment set the standard for many centuries to follow.

19.

Cyberculture.

A culture that has emerged, or is emerging, from the use of computer networks for communication, entertainment and business. It is also the study of various social phenomena associated with the Internet and other new forms of network communication, such as online communities, online multi-player gaming, and email usage.

20.

Navajo String Game.

A design formed by manipulating string on, around, and using one's fingers, and sometimes between the fingers of several people. String figures may also involve the use of the mouth, wrists, and feet. Versions of this game have been found in indigenous cultures all over the world, from the Arctic to the Equatorial regions.

21. Ugo La Pietra, Servomuto "Alberello", 1984. Born in 1938, in Bussi sul Tirino, Italy, Ugo La Pietra is an artist, architect, designer and theoretician. Since 1960 he has been part of several artistic trends such as "sign art", "conceptual art", "environmental art", "neweclecticism", "radical architecture and design". He has always enriched his research and his experiences with intense teaching and publishing activity, and has also launched a research and exhibition group with the enthusiastic involvement of artists, architects and designers.

22.

Goldfish.

A freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae of the order Cypriniformes. It was one of the earliest fish to be domesticated and remains one of the most commonly kept aquarium fish.

23.

Minimal Synth.

Mainly characterised by minimal musical structures, the sound of the Minimal Synth movement was hallmarked by the use of the analogue synthesizers and drum machines which were manufactured in the 1970s and 1980s by Roland, Korg, Yamaha, ARP, Linn, Oberheim, Moog and Sequential Circuits. Most of the Minimal Wave bands recorded in their home studios and created the album artwork themselves, which naturally paved the way for a DIY aesthetic to emerge. The musicians were influenced by avant-garde movements such as futurism and constructivism as well as by the literature of science fiction and existentialism.

24.

GRAFFITI.

The name for images or lettering scratched, scrawled, painted or marked in any manner on property. Graffiti is any type of public marking that may appear in any form from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings. Graffiti has existed since ancient times, with examples dating back to Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire.

25.

Marble.

Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of re-crystallised carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite. Geologists use the term "marble" to refer to metamorphosed limestone; however stonemasons use the term more broadly to encompass unmetamorphosed limestone. Marble is commonly used for sculpture and as a building material.

26. Giorgio de Chirico, Love Song, 1914. Pre-Surrealist and then Surrealist GreekItalian painter born in Volos, Greece, to a Genovese mother and a Sicilian father. He founded the scuola metafisica art movement. De Chirico strongly influenced the Surrealist movement.

27.

Roland Juno-60.

A popular analogue 61-key polyphonic synthesizer produced by the Roland Corporation in the early 1980s and a successor to the slightly erarlier Juno-6. Like its predecessor, the Juno-60 has some digital enhancements, used only for clocking the oscillators and for saving/loading patches.

29. SHeep. Quadrupedal, ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. Like all ruminants, sheep are members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates. Although the name "sheep" applies to many species in the genus Ovis, in everyday usage it almost always refers to Ovis aries.

30.

28.

Snellen chart.

An eye chart used by eye care professionals and others to measure visual acuity. Snellen charts are named after the Dutch ophthalmologist Hermann Snellen who developed the chart in 1862. The symbols on an acuity chart are known formally as optotypes.

Klaus Schulze.

A German electronic music composer and musician. He also used the alias Richard Wahnfried. He was briefly a member of the electronic bands Tangerine Dream and Ash Ra Tempel before launching a solo career consisting of more than 60 albums spanning five decades.

31.

Matila Costiesco Ghyka.

A novelist, mathematician, historian, philosopher and diplomat at the Romanian Plenipotentiary Minister in the United Kingdom from the late 1930s until 1940.

33.

32.

Rock balancing.

The practice of balancing rocks on top of one another in various configurations which appear to be physically impossible. Rock balancing can be a simple hobby as much as performance art. No tools are required, as some people generate quality structures using only their hands.

Pizza Delivery.

Since the 1970s, pizza delivery has been a recurring plot vehicle in pornographic films, in which it is used to introduce men (or women) for random sexual encounters. Titles in this genre include Pizza Girls, We Deliver (1978); The Pizza Boy: He Delivers (1986); California Pizza Girls (1992); Hawaiian Pizza Punani (1993), Pizza Sluts (1995); Big Sausage Pizza (2003), Fresh Hot Pizza Boy (2004); DD Pizza Girls (2004), and Pepperoni Tits (2006).

34.

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF).

A bitmap image format that was introduced by CompuServe in 1987 and has since come into widespread use on the World Wide Web due to its wide support and portability. It also supports animations and allows a separate palette of 256 colours for each frame.

36.

Dance Diagram.

A description diagram of various dance moves commonly used in various contemporary social dances. They are usually isolated, defined, and organised so that beginners can learn and use them independently of each other. Dance diagrams tend to emphasise the concepts of lead, follow and connection.

37. Bruno Munari, Macchina Inutile, 1934.

35.

Airbrush.

A small, air-operated tool that sprays various media including ink and dye, but most commonly paint, through a process of nebulisation. Spray guns developed from the airbrush and are still considered a type of airbrush.

Bruno Munari was an Italian artist and designer, who fundamentally contributed to many fields of the visual arts such as painting, sculpture, film, industrial design and graphics, as well as the non-visual arts with his research on games, infancy and creativity. In 1948 he founded Movimento Arte Concreta (MAC), the Italian movement for concrete art.

38.

Ctenophora.

A phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide. Their most distinctive feature are their "combs", groups of cilia that they use for swimming. The comb rows of most planktonic ctenophores produce a rainbow effect, which is not caused by bioluminescence but by the scattering of light as the combs move. Most species are also bioluminescent, but the light is usually blue or green and can only be seen in darkness.

40. Robert Venturi, Princeton University, 1983.

39. Fischli & Weiss, Quiet Afternoon, 1984. Peter Fischli and David Weiss are an artistic duo, collaborating since 1979. They are among the most renowned contemporary artists from Switzerland. Their best known work is the film "Der Lauf der Dinge" (The Way Things Go). This was described by The Guardian as being "Post Apocalyptic" as it is about chain reactions and the way in which objects fly, crash, and explode across the studio it was shot in.

An American architect, the principal founder of the firm Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates, and one of the major figures in twentieth century architecture. He is known for coining the maxim "Less is a bore" as an antidote to Mies van der Rohe's famous modernist dictum "Less is more".

41.

EriK Alfred Leslie Satie.

43.

Tie-Dyed Milk.

Liquids like water and milk have a property known as surface tension, due to the cohesive forces of the molecules of the liquids. When soap is added to the middle, the surface tension is broken and the unbroken surface tension draws the majority of the food colouring to the outside of the bowl, creating a colourful design.

A French composer and pianist. Starting with his first composition in 1884, he signed his name as Erik Satie. Satie was introduced as a "gymnopedist" in 1887, shortly before writing his most famous compositions, the Gymnopédies. Later, he also referred to himself as a "phonometrician" preferring this designation to that of a "musician", after having been called "a clumsy but subtle technician" in a book on contemporary French composers published in 1911.

42.

LA GEODE.

An Omnimax theatre in the Parc de la Villette at the Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie in Paris. It opened on May 6th 1985. It is fitted with the only 12.1 sound system in the world, designed by Cabasse. After a similar venue located at La Défense closed in 2001, La Géode became the only spherical building in the Ile-de-France region of France.

44.

Soap Bubble

A soap bubble is a very thin film of soapy water that forms a sphere with an iridescent surface. They usually last for only a few seconds before bursting, either on their own or on contact with another object. Soap bubbles can help solve complex mathematical problems of space, as they will always find the smallest surface area between points or edges.

46. Ettore Sottsass, Asteroide Lamp, 1968.

45. Optical Resolution, ISO 12233 Test Chart. Describes the ability of an imaging system to resolve detail in the object that is being imaged. An imaging system may have many individual components including a lens and recording and display components. Each of these contributes to the optical resolution of the system, as does the environment in which the imaging is done.

Ettore Sottsass was an Italian architect and designer of the late 20th century. In 1981 Sottsass and an international group of young architects and designers came together to form the Memphis Group. The group's colourful, ironic pieces were hailed as one of the most characteristic examples of Postmodernism in design and the arts. Sottsass described Memphis in a 1986 Chicago Tribune article: "Memphis is like a very strong drug. You cannot take too much. I don't think anyone should put only Memphis around: It's like eating only cake."

48. Ready-made, Marcel Duchamp Bicycle Wheel, 1913. Art created from the undisguised, but often modified, use of objects that are not normally considered art, often because they already have a non-art function. Marcel Duchamp was the originator of Readymade in the early 20th century, with the Bicycle Wheel in 1913, the Bottle Rack in 1914, and the Fountain (by R.Mutt) in 1917.

47. Paul Virilio, Bunker ArchEologie.

Paul Virilio is a cultural theorist and urbanist. He is best known for his writings about technology, as it has developed in relation to speed and power, with diverse references to architecture, the arts, the city and the military.

49.

Venus and Mars.

Venus and Mars is the fourth album by Wings, Paul McCartney's group formed after The Beatles split. Released as the follow-up to the enormously successful Band on the Run, Venus and Mars continued Wings' string of successes and would prove a springboard for a year-long worldwide tour.

50. Alvin Lustig, Incantation fabric design for Laverne, 1947.

An American graphic designer and typeface designer. He studied at Los Angeles City College, Art Center, and independently with Frank Lloyd Wright and Jean Charlot. He began designing for books in 1937. In 1944 he became Director of Visual Research for Look magazine. He also designed for Fortune, New Directions and Girl Scouts of America. He began teaching in 1945.

52.

Popular Science.

Sometimes called "the literature of science", Popular Science is the interpretation of science intended for a general audience. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is broad ranging, and is often written by scientists as well as journalists. 51.

Robert Abel and Associates

A pioneering production company specializing in TV adverts made with computer graphics. Abel and his team created some of the most advanced and impressive computer-animated works of their time, including full ray-traced renders and fluid character animation at a time when such things were largely unknown.

54.

Eureka Magazine.

The journal of The Archimedeans, the Cambridge University Mathematical Society. It has been published approximately annually since 1939 and usually includes a short summary of the activities of the society, articles published by students and professors as well as eminent "guest writers", a set of mathematical problems and solutions as well as book reviews.

53.

Child.

Biologically, a child is generally a human between the stages of birth and puberty. Some definitions also include the unborn or foetus. The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of maturity. 55.

Tensegrity.

Tensional integrity is a type of structure in which the integrity is based on a balance between tension and compression components. In a tensegrity structure the compressive members are connected to each other by tensile members.

56. Al Jarnow, "Block Civilization".

58. Michele De Lucchi, First Chair, 1983. Born in 1951 in Ferrara, Italy. He is an Italian artist, designer, architect, painter and sculptor. During a period of radical and experimental architecture he was a prominent figure in movements such as Cavart, Alchimia and Memphis. De Lucchi has designed lamps and furniture for the most well-known Italian and European companies.

Al Jarnow was an artist, sculptor, and filmmaker, whose video works appeared on Sesame Street and 3-2-1 Contact. He wrote the lyrics to "Box City Recycling Rap", and co-wrote the rap "One Thousand Faces". During his short time as a book cover illustrator, he illustrated for Alfred Hitchcock and Agatha Christie. His artworks have been displayed at New York City's Museum of Modern Art and the Centre Pompidou in Paris.

57.

MORSAY.

The founder of the French rap band "Truands 2 la Galère", Morsay became a YouTube icon through numerous videos taking place in his booth at the Parisian flea market at Porte de Clignancourt.

59. Courreges, "Space Age" collection, 1964. 60.

A French fashion designer, known for his ultra-modern designs. At the age of 25, after studying to be a civil engineer, he went to Paris to work at the Geanne Lafaurie fashion house. A few months later he crossed over to Balenciaga, the renowned Spanish designer. Courreges built his dresses rather than designed them. The shapes of his clothes were geometric: squares, trapezoids, triangles.

Aleister Crowley.

Aleister Crowley, born Edward Alexander Crowley, and also known as both Frater Perdurabo and The Great Beast, was an influential English occultist, mystic and ceremonial magician, responsible for founding the religious philosophy of Thelema. He was also successful in various other fields, including mountaineering, chess and poetry. It has been alleged that he was a spy for the British government.

61.

Engine.

An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert energy into useful mechanical motion.

62. Takenobu Igarashi, "Space Graphics", 1983 Takenobu Igarashi is one of Japan's most outstanding, original, and prolific designers.  He is best known for his three-dimensional letterforms, posters, calendars, and sculptures. Two very famous works of his are the poster design for Expo '85 and his ten-year project of designing the Igarashi Poster Calendar. His calendar began with five years for the Museum of Modern Art in New York, and then five more years for the Alphabet Gallery in Tokyo.

64. 63.

Diffraction.

Various phenomena which occur when a wave encounters an obstacle. Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word "diffraction" and, in 1665, was the first to accurately record observations of the phenomenon.

Tony Smith, "Moondog", 1964.

American sculptor, visual artist, architectural designer, and a noted art theorist. He is often cited as a pioneering figure in American Minimalist sculpture.

66. Jean PainlevE, Cristaux Liquides, 1978.

A film director, actor, translator, animator, critic and theorist. He was the son of mathematician and twice prime-minister of France, Paul Painlevé. Advocating the credo "science is fiction," Painlevé managed to scandalise both the scientific and the cinematographic world with a cinema designed to entertain as well as edify. He portrayed sea horses, vampire bats, skeleton shrimps, and fanworms as endowed with human traits. Painlevé single-handedly established a unique kind of cinema, the "scientific-poetic cinema".

65.

Martin Margiela.

A Belgian fashion designer. He studied at Antwerp's Royal Academy of Fine Arts along with the legendary avant-garde fashion collective the Antwerp Six. He is still considered to be the "7th member" of the collective. 67.

Walter Smetak.

A cellist, composer and inventor, who played and conducted music with instruments he invented. Smetak was deeply involved in the Brazilian music scene, collaborating with Gilberto Gil, Tom Zé and Uakti, and is considered the guru of "Tropicalia" music.

68. Norman MacLaren, "Rythmetic", 1956.

A Canadian animator and film director known for his work for the National Film Board of Canada. McLaren is remembered for his experiments with image and sound as he developed a number of groundbreaking techniques for combining and synchronizing animation with music.

70.

69.

William Tell.

A folk hero from Switzerland. His legend is recorded in a late 15th century Swiss chronicle. It is set in the period of the founding of the Old Swiss Confederacy in the early 14th century. According to the legend, Tell was an expert crossbow marksman who assassinated Gessler, a tyrannical reeve of Habsburg Austria, located in Altdorf, Uri. Along with Arnold Winkelried, Tell is a central figure in Swiss patriotism as constructed during the Restoration of the Confederacy after the Napoleonic era.

Table tennis.

A sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight, hollow ball back and forth using table tennis bats. The game takes place on a hard table divided by a net. Except for the initial serve, players must allow a ball played toward them only one bounce on their side of the table and must return it so that it bounces on the opposite side.

72. Cubism, Three Musicians, 1921. A 20th century avant-garde art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionised European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music, literature and architecture. The first branch of cubism, known as Analytic Cubism, was both radical and influential as a short-lived but highly significant art movement in France between 1907 and 1911. In its second phase, Synthetic Cubism, the movement spread and remained vital until around 1919, when the Surrealist movement gained popularity.

71.

Pulley.

Also called a sheave or a drum, a pulley is a mechanism composed of a wheel on an axle or shaft that may have a groove between two flanges around its circumference. A rope, cable, belt, or chain usually runs over the wheel and inside the groove, if present. Pulleys are used to change the direction of an applied force, transmit rotational motion, or realise a mechanical advantage in either a linear or rotational system of motion.

Artificial Intelligence.

The intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science that aims to create it. AI textbooks define the field as "the study and design of intelligent agents" where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximise its chances of success.

73.

74.

Electrical Network.

The interconnection of electrical elements such as resistors, inductors, capacitors, transmission lines, voltage sources, current sources and switches. An electrical circuit is a special type of network, one that has a closed loop giving a return path for the current.

76. Studio 65, "Baby-Lonia", 1973. Founded in 1965 by Franco Audrito and a team of young designers, Studio 65 created cult objects such as the Bocca sofa and Capitello chair. Today, with offices in Torino, Jeddah, Cairo, and Bali, the firm has created landmark buildings all over the world.

75.

Nautical Flags.

Flag signals can mean any of various methods of using flags or pennants to send signals. Flags may have individual significance as signals, or two or more flags may be manipulated so that their relative positions convey symbols. Flag signals allowed communication at a distance before the invention of radio and are still used, especially in connection with ships.

78.

Skateboard.

A skateboard is typically a specially designed plywood board combined with a polyurethane coating for smoother slides and greater durability, used primarily for the activity of skateboarding.

77.

Madeleine Vionnet.

Madeleine Vionnet was a French fashion designer. Called the "Queen of the bias cut" and "the architect among dressmakers", Vionnet is best-known today for her elegant Grecian-style dresses and for introducing the bias cut to the fashion world.

79.

LEVER.

In physics, a lever is a rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to either multiply the mechanical force (effort) that can be applied to another object or resistance force (load), or multiply the distance and speed at which the opposite end of the rigid object travels.

80.

ASCII art.

Graphic design technique that uses computers for presentation and consists of pictures pieced together from the 95 printable characters (from a total of 128) defined by the ASCII Standard from 1963 and the ASCII compliant character sets with proprietary extended characters. The term is also loosely used to refer to text based art in general. ASCII art can be created with any text editor, and is often used with free-form languages.

82. Barbara Kasten, Construct XXII, 1984.

Chanel N째5, 1979.

This Ridley Scott directed commercial for Chanel No. 5 is appropriately titled "Share the Fantasy" - something the perfumer has been doing since 1979. The spot, by Doyle Dane Bernbach, features a bronzed woman lying by the side of a swimming pool where she is soon joined by an equally tanned and scantily clad man.

An American artist influenced by Constructivism. She explores modes of reorganizing the visual environment. In her work since the early 1980s she has created abstract interpretations of interior spaces and architectural details with geometric shapes, mirrors, glass, lighting gels and a lighting crew recruited from the film industry. Evident in "Architectural Site #17, The High Museum" is Kasten's use of super-saturated colour and dramatic juxtapositions of line, angle, and form.

84.

Gaelic Alphabet.

The term Gaelic type, a translation of the Irish phrase cló Gaelach, refers to a family of insular typefaces devised for writing Irish, used between the 16th and 20th centuries. Sometimes, all Gaelic typefaces are called Celtic or uncial, though most Gaelic types are not technically uncials.

83.

The Scarlet Macaw.

A large, colourful macaw. It is native to humid evergreen forests in the American tropics. Its range extends from extreme south-eastern Mexico to Amazonian Peru, Bolivia and Brazil, in lowlands up to 500m. Formerly it ranged from the north to southern Tamaulipas. It can still be found on the island of Coiba. It is the national bird of Honduras.

85.

KwieKulik.

Przemyslaw Kwiek and Zofia Kulik worked together as KwieKulik from 1971 to 1987. They included their son in their work, documenting his daily life and relating his activities to various configurations of the general conception of art with which they were experimenting. One of the purposes in doing so was to investigate the applicability of mathematical logic, cybernetics and the linguistic theory of signs to art.

86.

Pineapple.

The common name for a tropical plant and its edible fruit of coalesced berries. Pineapples are the only bromeliad fruit in widespread cultivation. It can be grown as an ornamental plant, especially for its leafy top.

88.

87. Massimo Vignelli, Kono table for Casigliani, 1985. Massimo Vignelli is an Italian designer who has done work in a number of areas ranging from package design, furniture design, public signage and showroom design, through Vignelli Associates.

Fireworks.

Fireworks are a class of explosive pyrotechnic devices used for aesthetic and entertainment purposes. They use many forms to produce the four primary effects: noise, light, smoke, and floating materials.

90.

String Art.

89.

String art is characterised by an arrangement of coloured thread strung between points to form abstract geometric patterns or representational designs such as a ship's sails, sometimes with other artistic material comprising the remainder of the work. String art has its origins in the "curve stitch" activities invented by Mary Everest Boole at the end of the 19th Century to make mathematical ideas more accessible to children. It was popularised as a decorative craft in the late 1960s through kits and books.

Marco Van Basten.

A former Dutch footballer, who played for AFC Ajax and A.C. Milan, as well his national team, in the 1980s and early 1990s. He is regarded as one of the greatest forwards of all time and scored 277 goals in a high-profile career cut short by injury.

91.

Human Leg.

The precise definition of the leg in human anatomy refers to the section of the lower limb extending between the knee and the ankle. Legs are used for standing, walking, jumping, running, kicking, and similar activities, and constitute a significant portion of a person's mass.

92.

Compact Disc.

A compact disc (CD) is a small, portable, round medium made of moulded polymer for electronically recording, storing, and playing back audio, video, text, and other information in digital form. The Compact Disc is a spin-off of Laserdisc technology, a home video disc format, and was the first commercial optical disc storage medium, initially marketed as Discovision in 1978.

93.

Construction Set.

A set of standardised pieces that allow for the construction of a variety of different models or buildings. The pieces avoid the lead time of manufacturing custom pieces, and of requiring special training or design time to construct complex systems. This makes them suitable for temporary structures, or for use as children's toys.

94. Sol LeWitt, Incomplete Open Cubes, 1974. An American artist linked to various movements, including Conceptual art and Minimalism. LeWitt came to fame in the late 1960s with his wall drawings and "structures" (a term he preferred to "sculptures"), but was prolific in a wide range of media including drawing, printmaking, and painting.

96.

EBAY.

American Internet company that manages eBay.com, an online auction and shopping website in which people and businesses buy and sell a wide range of goods and services worldwide.

95. Peter Shire, Hourglass teapot, 1984. A Los Angeles based artist. His sculpture, furniture and ceramics have been exhibited in the United States, Italy, France, Japan and Poland. Shire has been associated with the Memphis Group of designers and worked on the Design Team for the XXIII Olympiad with the American Institute of Architects.

97.

Richard Buckminster Fuller.

American engineer, author, designer, inventor and futurist. Fuller invented and popularised terms such as "Spaceship Earth", "ephemeralization", and "synergetics". He also developed numerous inventions, mainly architectural designs, the best known of which is the geodesic dome. Carbon molecules known as "fullerenes" were later named by scientists because of their resemblance to geodesic spheres.

99.

NSFW.

Internet slang or shorthand for "Not Safe For Work". Typically, the NSFW tag is used in e-mail, videos, and on interactive discussion areas to mark URLs or hyperlinks which may be sexually explicit or include audio containing profanity, helping the reader avoid potentially objectionable content.

100.

GRAVITY.

A natural phenomenon by which physical bodies attract with a force proportional to their mass. In everyday life, gravitation is most familiar as the agent that gives weight to objects with mass and causes them to fall to the ground when dropped. Gravitation is one of the four fundamental interactions of nature, along with the strong force, electromagnetism and the weak force.

98. Michel Genest, Crystal Fantasy. Debut release from 1984. Cassette.

102.

Haruomi Hosono.

Japanese popular musician, best known internationally as a member of the Yellow Magic Orchestra. In 1978, Hosono formed the Yellow Magic Orchestra with Yukihiro Takahashi and Ryuichi Sakamoto. The Yellow Magic Orchestra (a.k.a. YMO) released a number of albums in the late 1970s and early 1980s to considerable acclaim both inside and outside Japan. After YMO disbanded in 1984, Hosono released a number of solo albums covering a variety of styles, including film soundtracks, and a number of electronic ambient albums.

101. Nathalie du Pasquier, Arizona Carpet, 1983. A French painter based in Milan, Italy. Until 1986 she worked as a designer and was a founder member of Memphis for which she designed many textiles, carpets, furniture and objects. When the group broke up in 1987, painting became her main activity.

103.

Video feedback, 1988.

The process that starts and continues when a video camera is pointed at its playback video monitor. The image from the camera is delayed slightly in time as it travels through the extensive circuitry of the recording system and is output to the video playback monitor.

104.

Video Days, 1991.

Skateboarding video by Blind Skateboards. It is considered by many in the skateboarding community to be "the Citizen Kane of skateboarding videos". Video Days is the first movie/video directed by Spike Jonze and stars Mark Gonzales, Rudy Johnson, Jason Lee, Guy Mariano and Jordan Richter.

105. Barney Bubbles, Spasticus Autisticus, 1981. Colin Fulcher aka Barney Bubbles was a radical English graphic artist, whose work primarily encompassed the disciplines of graphic design, painting and music video direction. He is most renowned for his distinctive contribution to the graphic design associated with the British independent music scene during the 1970s and early 1980s. His symbol-laden and riddle-laden record sleeves were his most visible output.

106. Andrea Branzi, Animali Domestici, 1986. Andrea Branzi is an Italian architect and designer. Along with Paolo Deganello, Massimo Morozzi and Gilberto Coretti, he founded Archizoom Associates. He is a promoter of the Italian Radical Architecture movement. From the Radical Period, came the very famous Superarchitettura theoretical framework, which brought about the Anti-Design movement.

107.

YouTube.

Video-sharing website on which users can upload, share, and view videos; created by three former PayPal employees in February 2005. The company uses Adobe Flash Video technology to display a wide variety of user-generated video content, including movie clips, TV clips, and music videos, as well as amateur content such as video blogging and short original videos.

R ELATED W O R K S

2 0 1 0 - 2 0 11

ba l a n ce b oa r d

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 2 4 h o u r s

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references

0 2 , 0 3 , 0 5 , 0 8 , 1 2 , 2 2 , 2 5 , 3 2 , 3 7, 3 9 , 5 2 , 7 9 , 8 2 , 8 7.

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 2 4 h o u r s

W o o d b o a r d , m a rb l e b l o c k , n i k e s h o e s a n d g o l d f i s h .

04 / 2010

W o o d b o a r d , m a rb l e b l o c k , n i k e s h o e s a n d t e n n i s b a l l s .

04 / 2010

WH ITE MAGIC

MAUSOLEUM

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 1 2 h o u r s

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references

0 1 , 0 4 , 0 7, 1 5 , 1 6 , 2 5 , 4 0 , 6 0 , 7 2 , 7 6 , 7 7, 8 9 , 1 0 1 .

1 8 , 1 9 , 2 0 , 2 9 , 3 6 , 4 8 , 5 5 , 6 7, 78, 90, 96, 104.

d a m i a n h i r s t s k at e b o a r d , n a i l s a n d s t r i n g s o n w a l l .

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 4 8 h o u r s

01 / 2010

IN K J ET P R INT ON SIL K SCA R f.

06 / 2010

01 / 2010

l a c q u e r e d w o o d e n s t a i r s , b l a c k w o o d s t r u c t u r e a n d s t r i p e d F A B R IC .

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references 0 7, 1 8 , 3 3 , 4 1 , 4 2 , 4 6 , 4 7, 5 4 , 5 9 , 6 4 , 9 7, 9 5 .

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 7 2 h o u r s

geo d e s i c DOME

COLO R S

w o o d e n t o y s d i s p l a y.

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references

0 1, 0 4 , 1 5 , 2 3 , 3 4 , 4 0 , 4 9 , 5 3 , 5 6 , 5 8 , 62, 75, 76, 83, 88, 93.

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 2 4 h o u r s

06 / 2010

w o o d e n t o y s d i s p l a y.

06 / 2010

"A"

B R OWN FOX

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 4 8 h o u r s

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references

1 0 , 1 8 , 2 1 , 2 5 , 3 1 , 3 7, 4 6 , 4 8 , 5 5 , 6 7, 6 9 , 1 0 6 .

2 3 , 2 4 , 2 7, 2 8 , 3 5 , 3 8 , 4 3 , 4 4 , 4 5 , 6 3 , 66, 68, 82, 83, 98, 103.

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 6 0 h o u r s

t y p o gr a p h y s t e n c i l , s p r a y p a i n t o n p a p e r .

02 / 2010

A p p l e , m a rb l e b l o c k , w o o d e n s t i c k s a n d wh i t e s t r i n g s .

07 / 2010

0 1 / 2 0 11

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 6 h o u r s

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references 0 6 , 0 7, 0 9 , 1 1 , 1 3 , 2 4 , 2 6 , 3 4 , 4 1 , 48, 70, 85, 86, 99.

N e w b a l a n c e s h o e s , O F F ICE J UN K .

FOND DE TI R OI R

A F TE R PA R TY

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 1 2 h o u r s

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references

0 1 , 0 7, 1 3 , 1 5 , 1 9 , 2 7, 2 7, 3 4 , 5 1 , 5 3 , 63, 88, 92, 99, 102.

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 1 2 h o u r s

pa r t y s u p p l i e s d i s p l ay o n b l a c k pa p e r

12 / 2010

pa r t y s u p p l i e s d i s p l ay o n b l a c k pa p e r

12 / 2010

va n itas tote m s

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 6 h o u r s

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references

0 3 , 0 6 , 0 8 , 1 1, 1 3 , 1 9 , 2 1, 2 6 , 32, 39, 48, 58, 100.

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 6 h o u r s

e a r t h e n w a r e p hr e n o l o g y b u s t a n d fr u i t s .

01 / 2010

s i lv e r m a s k , d o l l l e g , w o o l b a l l , p l a s t i c p u z z l e , m e ta l s p r i n g .

11 / 2 0 1 0

SOUTH A FR ICA

j oy

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 2 4 h o u r s

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references

1 4 , 1 8 , 2 3 , 2 8 , 3 0 , 3 1, 4 5 , 5 0 , 68, 74, 80, 84.

0 9 , 1 7, 1 8 , 2 0 , 2 3 , 3 1 , 3 6 , 4 0 , 4 1, 6 1, 7 1, 7 3 , 1 0 5 .

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 2 4 h o u r s

b l a c k p a i n t, p u l l e y s a n d r o p e o n w a l l .

02 / 2010

one color screenprinted poster.

06 / 2010

0 5 / 2 0 11

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 2 4 h o u r s

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references 1 1, 1 3 , 1 9 , 2 3 , 2 6 , 3 3 , 7 0 , 9 9 , 4 1, 46, 48, 52, 74, 96.

r e d t a p e , b o p h o n e , p i g m e n t s , p e rf u m e b o t t l e , p o c k e t b o o k a n d b l o n d e w i g .

s cr i bb le

I n co m ple te o pe n legs

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 4 8 h o u r s

C o rr e s p o n d i n g references

1 8 , 2 7, 3 3 , 3 8 , 5 7, 6 2 , 6 5 , 8 1, 9 1, 9 4 , 9 6 .

Pr o d u c t i o n t i m e : 4 8 h o u r s

pa i n t e d Wo o d p i ec es, Lo u i s v u i t to n s h o es.

01 / 2010

pa i n t e d Wo o d p i ec es, Lo u i s v u i t to n s h o es.

01 / 2010

Acknowledgments : Yorgo Tloupas , Sarah Ghlamallah, John Whelan, Alexis Le-Tan, Romuald Stivine, Google Images, Wikipedia, and all the authors named in this book. Typography : Moods Regular / Ill-Studio. Copy Editor : Adam Biles Edition of 500 copies, not for sale. Printed in France by Escourbiac. ÂŠ Ill-Studio 2011 www.ill-studio.com www.monsieurlagent.com

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