ARCHITECTURE + ENGINEERING 2019
PORTFOLIO RAFAELLA BELMONTE MONTEIRO
+39 375 5670971 rafaella.monteiro@mail.polimi.it linkedin.com/in/rafaellamonteiro
01
KINECTIC ENVELOPE DESIGN
OFFICE ROOM 8th floor - 28,5 m
2019 Milan, MI - Italy
HOTEL ROOM 5th floor - 14,5 m
Façade design: Parametric façade responsive to the environment’s radiation
RESTAURANT 1st floor - 4,00 m
The three thermal zones are chosen to perform all the analysis because they are representative of the height of the building and also of the three different functions.
DELTASKIN -
-
PTFE MATERIAL
(polytetrafluoroethylene textile) Winter (21°)
Design combining textile material to filter radiation and moveable shape to balance indoor thermal comfort and optimize daylight. Software: Grasshopper.
Summer (62°)
OVERHANG: When in this configuration, the material does not allow the direct solar radiation to enter the building.
VERTICAL: When acting in the vertical fins configuration, it allows the diffuse radiation to enter inside the thermal zone.
DESIGN CONCEPT
TRI ANGLE
GRADUAL SHADING
SYSTEM AND STRUCTURE The system works with a mechanism that allows movement around the "x", "y" and "z" axis. For each structural axis we have a grid of 3x3 modules on the facade.
BRING LIGHT INSIDE
FAÇADE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
DETAILS 01 Structure of the triangular shading element in anodized aluminium (alloy-6060-T6), Ø45 mm
NO SHADINGS
The building without the façade intervention already had some strategies to deal with solar radiation, like the balconies, and therefore the daylight indexes are within the comfort zone.
02 Actuation system fixed to the substructure with stainless steel screws 03 Shading substructure made of rectangular hollow profiles welded to the base plate
08 01 02 10 11
04 Bolted connection with M10 bolt and slotted hole 05 Stiffening element in anodized aluminium 06 Hollow rectangular profile in anodized aluminium welded to the base plate
SHADED FAÇADE
This configuration permits to understand the potential of the see-through textile material. Even if the interior space is not directly exposed to solar radiation, the DF has a good performance level.
DAYLIGHT FACTOR
DAYLIGHT FACTOR
USEFUL DAYLIGHT ILLUMINANCE (UDI)
USEFUL DAYLIGHT ILLUMINANCE (UDI)
However, it presents a high value of ASE and glare (intolerable) and those are the main reasons why the shading system is designed and sucessfully solve the problems, as we can see in the analysis below.
Because the textile material allows part of the solar radiation to enter the room, there is some glare, but never in an area higher than 5%. And even this % is controlled by the shading disposition.
AVERAGE VALUE = 7.11%
AVERAGE VALUE = 7.11%
07 Base plate in anodized aluminium (+4 bolts M10) 08 Structural profile UPN300 in carbon steel
03 09 06
09 Rigid aluminium ducts for actuator tension cables + electric power supply 10 Aluminium plate for the fixing of the actuator welded to the substructure 11 ePTFE textile reinforced with glass fiber mesh
300 - 3000 LUX : YEARLY-BASED ANALYSIS
300 - 3000 LUX : YEARLY-BASED ANALYSIS
11
01 10 02 03
ANNUAL GLARE ANALYSIS
HOURS OF A TYPICAL DAY IN DIRECT SUN
FRONT VIEW
ANNUAL GLARE ANALYSIS
HOURS OF A TYPICAL DAY IN DIRECT SUN
LATERAL VIEW glazed surface
09 10 02 03 01
09 10
01
PROBE DISTANCE FROM THE GLAZED SURFACE: 0.7 m
2 3 456
7 8
% OF FLOOR IN DIRECT SUN - 01/JAN 01:00h TO 31/DEC 24:00h
glazed surface PROBE DISTANCE FROM THE GLAZED SURFACE: 0.7 m
% OF FLOOR IN DIRECT SUN - 01/JAN 01:00h TO 31/DEC 24:00h
02
LUNETA PAVILION 2018 Brasilia, DF - Brazil
Design Optioneering: Parametric Pavilion
CONCEPT
Concept born in the musical notes of a brazilian song. Designed based on the radiation and wind analysis performed on Grasshopper. It also gives the possibility to change shape according to the music of choice.
PROJECT LOCATION
150 m
BRASILIA’S CATHEDRAL
BRAZIL BRASÍLIA - DF
150 m
NATIONAL CONGRESS
17
GS
DIN
L BUI
ES
ERI
IST
IN OUS SH s I X A eter THE NG 1500 m O L A
AMPLITUDE
SPEED
SHORT WAVELENGHT AND HIGH FREQUENCY
SOUNDWAVES HAVE THE SAME TRAVEL SPEED
LONG WAVELENGHT AND LOW FREQUENCY
The shape is composed by laminated timber lamellae, guaranteeing natural illumination and good sound performance. LAMELLAE CONNECTION
TYPICAL LAMELLA TO ARC CONNECTION
1.3 m/s
m
4c
15.6 m
12 SEC EXTRACTED
LENGHT OF THE PAVILION
FROM THE SONG
15.6
RS
METE
3c
m
8 cm
D TE LA INA MEL M LA D LA O WO
FREERE CO
200 m
IN GM
“ MISTÉRIOS DO PLANETA” - SONG AS DESIGN PARAMETER
SOUNDWAVES
AVERAGE SPEED OF A PERSON WALKING
LUNETA /ê/ a cylindrical instrument, fitted with one or two lenses, which serves to aid the view or increase objects at a great distance; oculus
PARAMETRIC MODELLING
mesh normal
ENHANCING ACOUSTIC FEATURES grasshopper
kangaroo
90°+
90°
weaverbird SOUND REFLECTION TARGET
SPEAKER POINT
galapagos
Isolation and modification of the mesh portion to MAXIMIZE the reflected sound wave to the target area
Creation of the mesh in the plane
tion to be m por fied odi
mes h
INPUT DATA: Import the song’s sound waves
isolation of the mesh portion to be modified
Anchoring points and elevation of the mesh
optimization of reflection points
CLIMATE STUDY: “COVER” DEFINITION
Manage mesh components
ladybug
Radiation and wind determine the spacing between every secondary element of the structure FORM FINDING
Iteration of different points and patterns to create variable shapes
Final outcome shape provides different heighs that create spaces according to the proposed functions: Comfortable space for acoustic and performance + flexible spaces for entrance and permanence
03 DORIA BUSINESS 2018 Milan, MI - Italy
office & hotel
Design and analysis of a curtain wall façade Design of the building, façade structural calculation, thermal and hygrometric analysis and indoor comfort evaluations.
THE PROJECT
project location
MILAN
ITALY
downtown
FORM FINDING: DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS
vertical distribution
restrooms
open workspace
private offices
PLAN FLOOR ANALYSIS Offices 860 m²
overlit
well lit
NORTH: generally well lit because of the design of a curtain wall façade SOUTH: quite overlit, and a shading system will be provided
4th, 5th, 6h and 7th floor
Hotel 645 m²
hotel rooms
1st, 2nd and 3rd floor
DESIGN STRATEGIES
CROSS VENTILATION
The wind behavior within the urban context follows the shape of the constructed surroundings: near the ground, the velocity of the wind is not effective. But at a higher level there is the possibility of a discreet flow of air.
Darker area in the central part = horizontal circulation is going to be placed here NORTH FAÇADE straight wall
sloping wall
NATURAL VENT.
vertical distribution
underlit
quite underlit
CROSS VENT.
This is an intervention proposal to an urban renewal of public area and to develop a void space in a consolidated area. The project aims to bring architectural and technological innovations, resulting in energy savings and a decrease in the CO2 emissions.
RTH
NO
coffee shop
public area
vertical distribution
entrance
Coffee Shop 139 m² Entrance 110 m² Ground floor
According to the daylight analysis the adopted solution is to leave part of the backyard open. Part of the area will host a one-floor building, a coffee-shop, while the remaining space will be open to provide a piazza as buffer the noise coming from the street.
Part of the overlit area is taken out from the building thanks to the sloping façade.
- enhanced indoor climate: in winter, the walls store heat so the indoor temperature remains high. In summer, the solar gains reaching indoor are reduced.
COURTYARD full mass
VENTILATED FACADE ON THE SOUTH
partial mass + open space
- easy maintenance: modular design of the substructure + individual plate replaced if damaged - rain protection
Comparison between occupying totally or partially the backyard.
- acoustic features: multiple layers system absorbs more noise, eliminating acoustic bridging.
SOUTH FAÇADE + COURTYARD
DETAILING NORTH FAÇADE
CURTAIN WALL MODULE
FRAME Transom130x50/2mm Mulion 125x50/2mm U-value: 0.7 W/mK Sustainability features: Pressure plates and glazing rebate gaskets are made from renewable raw materials GLASS UNIT Triple layer glass unit U-value: 0.80 W/mK 6mm Stopray Vision + Gap 16 mm Argon 90% + 4mm Planibel Clearlite + Gap 16 mm Argon 90% + 6mm Stratophone Planibel Clearlite
2019 Milan, MI - Italy
CONCEPT: REED: A LOCAL AND RESILIENT MATERIAL Balloon-frame timber structure + Life Cycle Assessment nomination for Active House Award
LOCAL
REED
RELAX
LEARN
LIVE
RELAXING CENTER FREE for those who need
RENTABLE workshop or holidays
LAKE GARDA
LOCATION
GREEN ROOF U-value < 0.30 W/m²K
simple process with glues to become a low transport cost, easily accessible construction material LA EPURAT INSU TION IO TOD
LIFE CYCLE
G
N
INVERTER HOT WATER
GROUND FLOOR SLAB U-value < 0.33 W/m²K
DRY
REE able to resist even to the strongest wind: conceptual function of the care center, to resist without breaking
Continuous INSULATION of the external envelope
AIR SYSTEM for heating and cooling
I
recovery after the end of its service life
RESILIENCY The f homeaims to be a welcoming place for people who seek a private and relaxing environment in order to take care of the soul and the body. It is designed to welcome groups of up to 5 people each unity and it works both as a place for meetings and workshops and as a holiday house for a family that wants to spend a weekend on the lake, for instance.
PLANTS AND ENVELOPE
N
Design taking care of the energy savings and consumption, employing strategies to make it an Active House and also evaluation of its carbon emissions from cradle to grave.
NATURAL
PH
04
f REED HOME
EXTERNAL WALL U-value < 0.34 W/m²K Reed plants
Irrigation system using the treated water
Inlet pipe and gravel for wastewater distribution
GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP uses fluid to absorb heat from the ground
PHYTODEPURATION SYSTEM
REED AS BIOMASS
CO2
CO2 NEUTRAL CYCLE NORTH ITALY
CITY Desenzano del Garda
TYPICAL PLAN FLOOR
solar energy LAKE GARDA
H2O
CO2
HEAT
LIGHTING AND VENTILATION: WINTER O2
VENTILATED ROOF Exploits the daily breeze going from the land towards the lake
O2 Ma the ximize VIEW
High capability of storing CO2
USE
REED
Quick growth
FERTILIZER
Low cultivation cost
BIOMASS
THERMAL ENVIRONMENT
2.0
ZENITHAL OPENINGS For a better natural lighting and ventilation Exploit INTERNAL GAINS to reduce heating need
MAXIMIZE SOUTH WINDOWS DIMENSION To maximize solar gains
ASHES
ACTIVE HOUSE PROTOCOL + LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT DAYLIGHT
OVERHANG (1.5 m) Allows solar radiation entering inside to maximize solar gains
VENTILATED CRAWL SPACE to prevent the formation of moisture
LIGHTING AND VENTILATION: SUMMER Exhaust air exits from the zenithal openings
1.0 INDOOR
AIR QUALITY
1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL LOADS
1.5
2.7 FRESHWATER CONSUMPTION
1.0
1.0 1.8 SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
2.5
ENERGY DEMAND
ENERGY SUPPLY
PRIMARY ENERGY PERFORMANCE
The project’s RADAR shows that FreedHome can be classified as a building responding to the ACTIVE
HOUSE PROTOCOL.
ZENITHAL OPENINGS CROSS VENTILATION maximize the natural cooling
Air speed not over 0.5 m/s
OVERHANG (1.5m) Avoids direct radiation entering the building in order to prevent overheating
MASTERPLAN
BALLOON FRAME STRUCTURE 5
10
50 m
A
A VE DD GE ED TA T
4. O U
3. INT
2. PH Y
OOR FLO TD
ING OR
AY HW
N TIO
ER
1. BE
D
LA ND SC AP E
+500
Beam (b)
Beam (b)
the
betulae tree
cherry tree
N
4
Beam (a)
2
chestnut tree
em bra ced
3
tre es
Section
E PR XIST ES IN ER G VA TR TIO EE N S
NAL PAT ER
Beam (b)
1
IO
H PLANT NC
C
M
"r A na eno STE tur vat R al ion P en w LA vir ith N on ou me t h nt" arm ing
GARDA LAKE
DEPURA TO
B
3
1
Elevation
Projections
2
DE SIG N
+
+ 00
+500 +4
+43
3 0
350
+3
+32
SOUTH FAÇADE
000
000
+32
NORTH FAÇADE
+32
SECTION AA'
+32
000
SECTION BB'
000
INSULATION PANEL The insulating panels in bound bog reeds are used for internal and external coats. They consist of marsh reed panels and are ideal for thermal and acoustic insulation. The material does not absorb humidity or water and therefore guarantees a constant insulation even under humid conditions. As a natural insulator, the marsh reed panels at no stage, from harvesting to processing and final use, are harmful to health or nature.
Green roof U value = 0.10 W/m2K NORTH FAÇADE Structural beams + External wall A + External wall B
PREFAB PANEL INSULATION + STRUCTURE OSB
OSB
377
1 panel 515 kg
KVH Timber Reed insulation frame 61
61
61
61
17
VERT.SECTION
BUILDING LAYERS
17
HOR. SECTION
250
External wall (A) Plaster finishing
External wall (B) Larch cladding finishing U-value = 0.13 W/m²K
OVERALL ENERGY DEMAND
U value = 0.15 W/m²K
Internal walls Structural wood frame
HEATING system
3107
COOLING system
2084
16.5 kWh/m²y
BUILDING EQUIPMENT’S consumption Production from PV panels
kWh/y
3586
5.6 kWh/m²y
-5449
43 kWh/m²y
25 kWh/m²y
kWh/y
kWh/y
27.1 kWh/m²y
kWh/y
ENVELOPE STRATIGRAFIES EXTERNAL WALL 1 U= 0.15 W/m2
EXTERNAL WALL 2 U= 0.15 W/m2
Ground floor slab U-value = 0.25 W/m2K
Foundation mat reinforced concrete
DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS: external shadings + zenithal openings DAYLIGHT FACTOR: average values 14.1 %
13.35 % 5% 9.4 %
9.1 %
6.4 %
DAYLIGHT FACTOR: iso lines plan 15.00 13.12 11.25 9.38 7.50 5.62 3.75 1.88
The Velux on the roof allows a better illuminance level even during winter, with an average lux value on the floor = 400 lux.
OVERCAST SKY SOUTH SIDE
JUNE
DECEMBER
[lux]
INTERNAL WALL
ROOF
U= 0.10 W/m2
GROUND FLOOR SLAB
U= 0.21 W/m2
05
VILLA SÃO JOSÉ 2016
CITY: Itaqui - RS - BRAZIL population: 45.000 people
Itaqui, RS - Brazil
Thesis project: Integrated Residential Complex
Existing building + refurbishment +expansion Housing for elderly and university students: benefits for both targeted audiences.
MASTERPLAN
10 m 3m
15 m
western border of the state of Rio Grande do Sul
Giving some housing problems happening in the city of Itaqui - RS - Brazil, the project proposes a housing development that is integrated with mixed-use activities. The aim is gather two target audiences: the elderly and the college students, who have moved to this city because of the implementation of a public university, in 2008. The proposal is grounded in housing two combined publics aiming to improve their qualities of life. In addition to the personal benefits, it is also an economical advantadge where the student can “pay” for his rent with volunteer work. This program contributes to the formation of a more conscious and generous society.
The program is organized in two buildings: the higher one, in the back part of the site, works as the residence part. This 4-storey building also carries the most private functions, restricted to residents, and all the services supporting the residential area. The one-storey located in the front of the site is built as recreational and more public functions. It has an auditorium, coffee shop, beauty salon and an art gallery that are open to the general community and also can be a source of income for the residence. They are linked, allowing the project to be integrated while still preserving the privacy of the residents.
intervention site area =8320 m²
TYPICAL STUDIO APARTMENT The room is designed not only to be a place to sleep, but a private ambience of quality of life and thermal and acoustic comfort. The interior design choices are made so it will bring the joy of living from outside to inside. It is designed to feel young, cozy, fun and colorful.
MAIN ENTRANCE TO THE RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX
DISTRIBUTION
20 studios/floor = 120 residents ideal proportion of the residents 1 young : 10 elder
1
NORTH FAÇADE
DETAILED SECTION
SOUTH FAÇADE
SECTION AA’
2
WEST FAÇADE
1. west façade - bicycle parking, fitness area and open common space 2. cornew view: coffee shop, beauty salon and art gallery space. 3. Gardens designed to host daily outdoor activities
3
SECTION BB’
06
VILLA FLORES
Contemporary interpretation of 2015 Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil historical building Architectural Studio: Cultural Complex
In Porto Alegre, a site with two pre-existing buildings designed by the architect Joseph Lutzenberger is chosen to house a new museum to honor the architect: the Joseph Lutzenberger’s Memorial. It is a place for the preservation and appreciation of the “built history” that happens there. The museum takes place in the same site where the pre-existence buildings are located, they ae renovated and function as co-working space and also are a “full-size” art exhibition. It is important to observe the presence of an internal patio as an integrating space, “inviting” the city to go through its limits. Themes such as museography concepts and the "old X new" contrasts are inherent to the design proposal programme and ask for appropriate solutions.
DESIGN PROCESS DIAGRAM: Volumetric development
DESIGN PROCESS DIAGRAM: Building uses and circulation
Exhibit area Administration Staff Technical Library Auditorium
NORTH EAST FAÇADE - ACCESS N. 1
NORTH WEST FAÇADE - MAIN ENTRANCE ENTRANCE + PUBLIC SPACE
SECTION AA’
ACCESS N. 2 - SÃO CARLOS STREET VIEW OF THE MAIN ENTRANCE OF THE MEMORIAL BUILDING
SECTION BB’
FIRST FLOOR PLAN Memorial building 03
SECTION CC’ 05
06
02
04
01
3m 1m
SECTION DD’
01 02 03 04 05 06
Exhibition Area Staircase Auditorium Toilets Staff Room Restoration Room
5m
AUDITORIUM DESIGN In the inside we can notice that the auditorium form works sided with comfort and efficency aspects. Its designed to be flexible and be able to host several and different kinds of activities, such as lectures, courses, workshops and seminars.
03
02 07
09
08
SECOND FLOOR PLAN 07 08 09 10
Foyer Generators and Transformers Area Water Storage Tanks Air conditioning Machines Room
07
RENNER’s NEW HEADQUARTER
PROJECT COLLABORATION developed projects during internships
BEIRA-RIO STADIUM
AREA 75.000 m² Executive project
2014 - Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
ADUFRGS SINDICAL
AREA 2.144,04 m² Architectural and executive projects, coordination of complementary projects
AREA 19.752,00 m² 2016 - Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil Architectural and executive projects, coordination of complementary projects and monitoring on the construction site
FIRE DEPARTMENT
2015 - Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
Architectural and executive projects, coordination of complementary projects.
2017 - Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
ARCHITECTURE + ENGINEERING 2019
THANK YOU!
+39 375 5670971 rafaella.monteiro@mail.polimi.it linkedin.com/in/rafaellamonteiro