0009 rheumatology notes 2015

Page 1

Polyarthritis: Differential diagnosis: 1) rheumatoid arthritis 2) SLE 3) seronegative spondyloarthropathies 4) Henoch-Schonlein purpura 5) sarcoidosis 6) tuberculosis 7) pseudogout 8) viral infection: EBV, HIV, hepatitis, mumps, rubella Systemic lupus erythematosus Epidemiology:  much more common in females (F:M = 9:1)  more common in Afro-Caribbean’s* and Asian communities  onset is usually 20-40 years  incidence has risen substantially during the past 50 years (3 fold using American College of Rheumatology criteria) *It is said the incidence in black Africans is much lower than in black Americans - the reasons for this are unclear Pathophysiology:  autoimmune disease  associated with HLA B8, DR2, DR3  thought to be caused by immune system dysregulation leading to immune complex formation  immune complex deposition can affect any organ including the skin, joints, kidneys and brain Features: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem, autoimmune disorder. General features:  fatigue  fever  mouth ulcers  lymphadenopathy Skin:  malar (butterfly) rash: spares nasolabial folds  Discoid rash: scaly, erythematous, well demarcated rash in sun-exposed areas. Lesions may progress to become pigmented and hyperkeratotic before becoming atrophic  photosensitivity  Raynaud's phenomenon  livedo reticularis  non-scarring alopecia [1]


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0009 rheumatology notes 2015 by Rags - Issuu