D I N
t A r e t s e em
S e n O
ar
u h a R
m u lk
S17
r a j j Ga
M.
G
h rap
08
8
-1 7 1
0
2 n ig
s
e D c
i
s De
011
D I N
SEMESTER 1
t A r e t s e em
S1701108
SR a1h7u l k u m a r G a j j a r 011 0 8 r a jj
S e n O
M.Des Graphic Design 2017-18
a G ar
u h a R
m u lk
8
0
M.
G
h rap
2 n ig
s
e D c
i
s De
-1 7 1
Contents Introduction to Design Science and Liberal Arts Fundamentals of Visual Design Typography Design Process Image Making Production Process
Acknowledgment 2
It’s crazy to think it’s been five months since I left for the most magnificent adventure of my life! Coming from an engineering background, everything here is different. But well planned and organized system and educators made it infinitely easy. I would like to thank Mr. Ramakrishna Rao, and all the guest faculty, whose guidance in Introduction to Design course helped me to understand the core fundamental value of design. The foundation module was an intense learning experience, I would like to thank Mr. Kaushik Chakraborty and all the faculty involved who helped me build a strong foundation in design. I am forever grateful to Dr. Deepak Kannal for Science and Liberal Arts course which made me appreciate the mundane and observe the art in everyday life.
I would like to thank Mr. Akash Halanker who taught me to see the smallest detail in the type around ourselves and to see the beauty of good layout in typography course. The power of design and design intervention, in problems in everyday space was taught to me by Mr. Vijay Singh Katiyar, Mr. Anupam Jain and Mr. Amar Gargesh. Image making course taught me how graphical objects interact with each other. I would like to specially thank the faculty at Graphic Design, Mr. Tarun Deep Girdher, Mr. Jagdish Kumar and Dr. Tridha Gajjar for the constant support and guidance. Also, I would like to thank Mr. Bharat Suthar for making production process course interesting and full of activities, I would also thank Suresh Bhai and Sachin Bhai for their constant support throughout semester. Last but not the least, I would like to thank my classmates for critically reviewing my work and thanks to my friends for the support in difficult times and making the experience at NID remarkable.
Graphic Design Family Date: 29th August 2017
3
Introduction to Design 4
Anchor Faculty Duration Course Type Credits
P Ramakrishna Rao 17 July - 21 July 2017 Theory 2.0
T
he course Introduction to Design was our first stepping stone into the world of design and it was anchored by Mr. Ramakrishna Rao and lectures were given by a host of other esteemed faculty of the design field. The course encompassing one week answered a lot of questions related to design and raised quite a few more. Talks delivered by experts on their specialized fields was an enriching experience. An important aspect cleared was that design is not art, but art is a tool that design may employ to best solve the problem at hand, and in this process, the role of a designer in providing a tangible, viable solution, keeping the end user in mind, in any scenario became clear. As part of the curriculum we were to watch these movies. These moview gave us deep insight into how design works and it covered various aspects of design.
Objectified Urbanized Helvetica
Assignment 1
We were to articulate and represent your ‘thoughts on Design’, visually, as a poster. Based on our own understanding and the experience/insights that we gathered from the course.
Assignment 2
We were to select any object /product manufactured artefact or system, in which we associate with, which we think is well designed or well made.
Speakers: Mr. Amit Gulati Mr. Praveen Nahar Mr. Sekhar Mukherjee Mr. Tarun Deep Girdher Mr. Suresh Eriyat Mr. Arun Gupta Mr. Pravinsinh Solanki Ms. Lakshmi Murthy Mr. Tuhin & Ms. Aditi Dr. Mihir Bhole Mr. Satyajiy Kumar Ms. Swagata Naidu Dr Vikram Kumar Mr. Sudhir Sharma
5
Assignment 1:
This poster was created on the concept of honeybee, it collect honey for the larger community and future generation, as our design should have the same goal.
6
Assignment 2:
State bank of India Logo Visual reference
Biographic details: Name: SBI Logo
Designer: Shekhar Kamat
Date: 1st October 1971
Reflections: From all things first thing come to my mind after looking at SBI logo is that space creating key hole symbol, as in locks. We keep our precious things in a place and keep it safe with lock. It is trying to say that same way SBI will keep your belongings safe. keyhole is the symbol of safety, security and strength. It is brilliant use of negative space. The first logo for the SBI was adopted in 1995. It has banyan tree because of its strong roots and branches. But it was criticized because banyan tree does not let any other plant grow within it space. After research, I found many interpretations of the logo. Some of them was filled with deep philosophical thinking like ‘big circle in blue reflects unity and completeness while the white one represents common man as a vital part of the bank, despite the huge size of the bank.’ Some also says that it has inspired from the physical shape of Kankariya lake in Ahmedabad. But creator of the logo Mr. Shekhar Kamat was trying to make simple logo, idea came from bank counter token. Also, he was trying to make it simpler so that it could be drawn by any painter in remote part of India on mud wall. I am amazed by the fact that how original reason behind the idea of logo had almost nothing in common with the people’s interpretation of the logo yet it reflects the true meaning of the brand. It’s amazing how people come up with their own interpretations of the design. For that the original design must be strong yet simpler. When we create minimal art, it has many doors for interpretations. This logo was designed in 1970. It has lasted 47 years which is on its own achievement. As he (creator of logo) says “Simplicity has its own charm!”
The chosen artefact was SBI logo.
7
SCIENCE AND LIBERAL ARTS 8
Anchor Visiting Faculty Duration Course Type Credits
Shilpa Das Dr. Deepak Kannal 24 July - 28 July 2017 Theory 2.0
I
n this module we learned different aesthetic theories in the context of art and culture. We learned to empathize and understand a piece of art, design or craft. We learned about both Indian and western theories of aesthetics. This course familiarized us with the various philosophies and ways of viewing and understanding art. We also looked into the nine Rasah as written in the Natyashastra. The theories of Aristotle and Sublime taught us to look at art in more objective manner. It was a journey filled with knowledge and learning.
Assignment We were to pick from different topics learned in class and after detailed study and research we were to present on the topic. My topic was Art and Meaning.
Abstract of Presentation and my Learnings My presentation was asking these questions. Does art have meaning? Is it necessary for art to have specific meaning? In the course learnt that origin of the art is the surplus energy, in the civilized society when person come home after finishing all daytime activities if he has any time or energy left, he tries to invest it in art. Does that mean art is by-product of idle person, hence it isn’t supposed to have any meaning? To get aesthetic pleasure from the piece of art, wilful suspension of disbelief is necessary. If we try to find a meaning in a joke then perhaps, we are missing the point. In the art experience and convenience are more importan than truth. KAVYANISTHA- Literal meaning, KAVINISTHA- Tied Imagery RASIKNISTHA- Free Imagery
When we see the silly looking painting from the famous artist we put our expectation too high and try to find a meaning in that artwork. Even if that may random strokes! Human mind tries to find some sort of order and meaning in that chaos. Same thing we do in our language, creator is trying to express complex feeling through silly looking strokes. There are limitations to the language. We are unable to express all 100% emotions to people. But in form of art we could express our emotions better than language. Although, it also depends on the viewer. How good his imagination is? When we see the painting by Mark Rothko, we see this simple looking painting. We may think that even a child could do that! But, He is an artist not because he could draw those strokes, but because he found this new thinking that he would remove all the evidence from the creation process.
Artist’s job is to find new metaphor. Art help us to appreciate stuff. In the painting of Van Gogh, it reminds us that oranges are worth paying attention for. Marcel Duchamp challenges us to look at seemingly mundane. By falsely glamorising things that ignored, they show us the value of neglected things, make us re think about what really matters. Usually we are attracted to those things we don’t have. When artist makes pretty things, happy people, blue skies, cheerful music; it gives us hope from chaos of this world. It is emblem of hope. It also rebalances the quality we have and quality we need. The art, a person or country call beautiful, gives us a clue to what’s missing in them. It also may give us a clue about what’s missing in the artist. What is the meaning sad art then?! Sad looking painting or sad music! That help us to feel less lonely. Help us realize that pain is part of human life. It expresses the feeling we all have in us, but we can’t express properly. Help us fight false pretension of commercial society. If we think about all these things art is strong motivation tool. But that motivates and energises us for a cause but it only motivates you about the most important, nicest emotions and qualities in the world. We should relax around it and try to understand what it really meant for. And that is aesthetic pleasure!
9
Fundamentals of Visual Design 10
Anchor Duration Course Type Credits
Kaushik Chakraborty 31 July - 8 September 2017 Studio 12
Drawing Module Drawing module was conducted by Mr. Vijaypaul Punia, Mr. Rajesh Thakare and Mr. Swarup Dandapat. This module helped me in my visualization and representation skills. It taught me how different line weight matter and how only with lines we can express the material and form. This module was filled with different exercises and lot of drawings. It pushed me beyond my limitations, I never knew I could that much drawings in a day.
Exercises on Lines and Curves
Exercises Exercises on Lines and Curves Study of Textures Perspective Study Exercises on Nature Study Human Anatomy Gesture Drawing Exercise on composing a scene News Infographic Assignment
11
Form and Texture Study
12
Nature’s Detail Study
Human Body Study
13
Human Drawings
14
Anatomy Study
Perspective Study
15
Street Drawing
Composing a Scene
16
News Infographics Assignment
Good Samaritans Helping After Rollover Killed In Chain-Reaction Three people were killed and seven injured early Saturday morning in a chain-reaction crash on Interstate 225 that began when an SUV rolled. Police spokesman Sgt. Bill Revelle said at about 3:43 a.m., the driver of an Isuzu Trooper lost control, crossed the median and rolled onto oncoming northbound traffic, with the SUV resting on its side in the fast lane near Mississippi Avenue. Several cars on both sides of the highway stopped to help, including a red Dodge Neon (belonged to Joshua Tucker) going towards north that parked directly behind the Trooper, and left like that with hazard lights flashing. But then another northbound car, a Ford Explorer, lost control and crashed into the Neon and knocked it into four people who were trying to help the injured. Two of the Good Samaritans died at the scene and a third, Crissa Chavez, died at
Crissa was three months pregnant with her first child.
Chain reaction crash at interstate 225 AM
ISUZU TROOPER 1 Car with 2 women rolled from over the median
2 DODGE NEON Joshua Tucker
3 SOUTH BOUND CAR Terry Oliver
Parked car and rushed to help people on the other side
Terry Oliver
Jesse Sanchez
DIED ON SPOT Joshua Tucker AGE - 29 From - Little ton
NORTH BOUND CAR 4 Ran over to Crissa pull women Chavez out of their Jesse SUV wind Sanchez shield
FORD EXPLORER 5 Crashed into Dodge Neon
Crissa Chavez
Parked car on the fast lane to help people in the SUV
Joshua Tucker
Terry Oliver AGE - 53 From - Denver
DIED IN HOSPITAL Crissa Chavaz (3 months pregnant)
Their SUV rolled 5 or 6 times before it stopped... and Crissa says, ‘Oh my God, we gotta help these people’ said Crissa’s fiancee Jesse Sanchez, recalling what had happened.
Sanchez said he and Crissa pulled over to help. They parked on the right shoulder (they were going towards north) and ran over to pull the hospital. Police say 29-year-old Josh- two women out through the ua Tucker of Littleton and windshield of the Trooper. But 53-year-old Terry Oliver of then suddenly a Ford Explorer Denver died at the scene. Terry came crashing into the scene. was on southbound traffic, and Rahul Gajjar parked his car right side and Noel Puthoor Graphic Design came to help. 11th August 2017
In this assignment we were to create news infographic based on the given story and then also design a layout of that news section.
17
Color Module Color module was conducted by Ms. Chaula Patel and Ms. Bela Raval. In this module we learned about color theory, color psychology, color wheel, grayscale, value scale, color interaction etc. At the end of module, we were to create a mobile which can represent particular brand and we were to use color theory in it. We improved our basic understanding about color and learned how to apply it in real life.
Exercises Epresent Ourselves with Abstract Form Values Scale : Shades and Tints Grayscale Intermediate Color Scale Tone Value Hue Complement and Mix Color Wheel Color Interaction Create a Mobile
18
In this exercise we were to represent ourselves with using one color and abstract painting using that color.
Values Scale
Shades
Tints
Grayscale
Intermediate Color Scale
19
Tone Value Hue Complement and Mix of Different Colors
20
Color Wheel
21
Mobile Design First extensive research on what mobile is and how it arrived was done. Then mobile type of structure in a nature was observed (Branches of tree, leaves and leaflet) and then basic structure of mobile was designed. Here golden ratio was used for the relation between all middle rods and the leaves of mobile. After that color palate was decided and leaves were painted accordingly. From going up to down color hue, value, shades and intensity were changed accordingly.
Using golden ratio
Research Basic Structure
Study of Nature 22
Color Arrangements
Mobile
23
Composition Composition module was conducted by Dr Tridha Gajjar, Mr. Pradeep Chokhsi And Mr. Jagadish. In this module we learned how basic shapes interact with each other. We did lot of explorations with basic shapes to understand gestalt principle and see how visual composition is made.
Exercises
Gestalt’s Principles
Study of design princples through drawings Composition using dots Composition using lines Composition using shapes Visual Narrative
Law of Similarity: The human eye views individual items as part of a common pattern or group. Similarity can be in terms of shape, size, color or texture. Law of enclosure: Enclosure uses the human eye’s tendency to see a complete shape, and complete a figure on its own, in spite of gaps in the form. Law of Proximity: When objects are placed close together they appear as part of the same unit, as opposed to them being spaced apart. Law of Symmetry: The principle works on the fact the human eye notices things that are symmetric rather than being asymmetrical. It gives a feeling of solidity and order. Law of Even Width: Lines having equal width in between them can be perceived easily as compared to lines with unequal widths. Law of Figure and Ground/Ambiguity: Figure is the part of the composition that our attention is directed towards. Anything apart from the figure is the ground. It refers to the relationship between positive elements and negative space.
24
Law of Common Fate: Elements that move in the same direction are perceived as more related than elements that are stationary or that move in different directions. Law of Simple Good Shape: The human eye always tries to find on simple good shape in any composition, rather than seeing it broken into different parts, Law of Self Intersection: Lines will form areas and read as one form until path is disturbed. Law of Experience/Association: The human eye can comprehend a form if it has earlier encountered the same form.
Composition Using Dots We were to create a composition using dots that depicted movement.
Explorations
25
Composition Using Dots
26
Composition Using Lines We were to create a composition using lines of 2, 4 and 6 mm width that depicted movement and rhythm.
Explorations
Selected Composition
27
Composition Using Shapes and Letters Explorations
28
Visual Narrative In our final assignment we had to tell a story in seven frames and visually compose the story. I picked the story of how brick is made from sand to its final form.
29
Typography - 1 30
Faculty Duration Course Type Credits
Akash Halankar 11 - 22 September 2017 Studio 4
D
rawing module was conducted by Mr. Akash Halankar. This module gave us insight into the anatomy of type of parts such as the arms, legs and stem of the letter. Understanding of x-height and cap height of type, baseline, ascenders, descenders was achieved through a series of extensive assignments over the course period. The study further proceeded into the process of making an ideal layout and using a grid or breaking it at times. We designed a poster for an event and learned how to work in constraints and design appropriate layout. In song and typography assignment we learned how different typefaces express different feelings. In the end we designed a typeface using unconventional tool. Overall this module was filled with adventurous experience.
In this assignment we were to write our name in the languages we know
Exercises Write Your Name Typography and Layout Inspirations Introduction to Letterpress Layout Discussion Story of Space Layout Design Song and Typography Story writing Layout Design of Small Book Typeface Design Calligraphy Practice
Introduction to Letterpress
Inspirations for typography
Inspirations for Layout 31
Story and Layout Design
Layout design of Story of Space
Song and Typography 32
Calligraphy Practice
For calligraphy practice first, we practiced with bamboo reed and learned about anatomy of typeface. Then we practiced using different material like brush pen and flat sketch pen.
Unconventional Tool Used (Broom Stick)
Type Design In this assignment we were to create a typeface using unconventional tools. I use broomstick to create this typeface. First it was created on big sheet and then after so many explorations particular shape were chosen and then well balanced typeface was created in Illustrator based on hand drawn types.
Hand drawn type
Recreated in Illustrator
33
Design Process 34
Anchor Duration Course Type Credits
V S Katiyar 3 Oct - 13 October 2017 Theory 4
Assignment 1
T
he design process module was conducted by Mr. Vijay Katiyar, Mr. Anupam Jain and guest faculty Mr. Amar Gargesh. This module showed us the systematic approach taken as per design thinking to encounter a problem, which leads to a wider gamut of tangible solutions as compared to a more linear line of thought. We were taught lateral thinking, and encountering the problem in the problem space and the solution space, and following a particular process in order to come up with a solution.
The problem selected was waking up early in the morning. First brainstorming was done on why would we want to wake up early in the morning? Then Sensory classification of our activity was done, how we wake up and which elements help us in waking up activity.
Then environmental, ergonomics and work habit factors were studied. After that need opportunity and challenges study was done on our focus group which was college going students. After survey we did individual case study on different subjects, subjects were from our group. We found some interesting facts while these study, one of our subject have hearing problem, so she had to wake up every hour and check for time as she misses alarms often. Because of interrupted sleep she wakes up with irritated and stressful mood. Biological clock and sleep pattern study was done on all subjects. Lifestyle changes were studies from earlier time and today’s situation.
Assignment 1 Design Problem Identification and Opportunity Mapping. Identifying a product and looking at opportunities in the problem space
Assignment 2 Identify an existing system that caters to a group of people or a community. Study it comprehensively in terms of attributes and utility in sociocultural and economic contexts.
35
Assignment 2 Objective of this assignment to identify an existing system that caters to a group of people or a community. Study it comprehensively in terms of attributes and utility in sociocultural and economic contexts. The system selected was Kankariya Zoo, Kamla Nehru Zoological Garden, Ahmedabad. It have around 35 lacs visitors annually and it was established in 1951 by Reuben David. Our general observation was
Need opportunities and challenges study Need
Opportunities -Introduction of better signage system. -Development of a system for an effective learning experience. -Introduction of souvenirs for memorable experiences. -Development of infrastructure and services. -Planting of more trees to create a buffer zone for sound insulation. -Allotment of staff for differently abled and senior citizens. -Redesign of information boards in common language (Throughout the zoo).
36
Challenges -Signage system should be convenient and easy to read. -Availability of proper learning environment. -Souvenirs should be introduced with a distinctive approach. Design Solutions -Better utilization of Tickets as a resource, information brochure -Wrist band as souvenirs and advertising opportunities. -Audience is unaware of functioning of zoo & unnecessary complaints are raised. and zoo administration is questioned or criticized. -Sympathy with animals without knowing facts( feeding, interaction, cage sizes). -A dedicated place to educate people and sensitize them regarding the administration of zoo, trivia and facts, functions of zoo, Government guidelines etc.
Learning Centre
My Learning Screening Room -Retractable glass walls on each floor (for better breeding environment) -Proper buffer area around the building to cut off noise from the city -Vertical lift with circular horizontal movement on each floor -People in capsules(transparent glass enclosures) Animal Quiz Center
Futuristic Design Solutions -The conversion of the zoo into a wildlife sanctuary where humans are in tunnels (Authority’s proposal) will need more area and will also be forcefully putting the animals into the environment that they have never experienced before. -To create an environment that will provide bigger living area and still keep different species differently is to Vertically develop a Zoo. -Animals in transparent glass cages with natural environment and holographic projections
-Controllable Greenhouse effect to allow sunlight to enter at each floor, floor area is reducing as the height increases vertically
From this module we learned about design thinking and literal thinking and understand how design interventions work, the role of designer in established system and how to solve a problem with proper systematic approach. From the first assignment I learned how any activity can be analyzed even as simple as waking up in the morning. The other takeaway from this module is team work, instead of just assigning roles to everyone how problem can be broken down and analysed together.
Group Membors Anirudh Sah (Animation Film Design) (Team lead) Azhar Nazar (Animation Film Design) Nikhil Sarkate (Animation Film Design) Rahul Kumar Gajjar (Graphic Design) Rohit Anand (Graphic Design) Shibin Mundakani (Product Design) Justin Samuel (Product Design) Devansh Bhutani (Furniture Design) Gautam Gulati (Film and Video Communication) Dewanshi tamudia (Textile Design) Dharmendra Kumar (Textile Design) C T Aditya (Textile Design) Gargi Sharma (Ceramics and Glass Design) Saumya Rawat (Ceramics and Glass Design) Special Thanks to Dr. R. K Sahu; Director of Kankaria Zoo
-Providing larger space for animals than visitors -Different animals species on different floors
37
Image Making 38
Faculty Duration Course Type Credits
Dr. Tridha Gajjar 25 - 29 September 2017 23 October - 3 November Studio 6
Assignments Letter Integration of Initials Object and Letter Integration Object Simplification Posters Pictogram
Letter Integration of Initials
Further exploration done for this forms. This form was looking interesting which carried forward for further variations. Final selected form for enlarging on A3 Sheet
In this assignment we were supposed to take any two letterforms, preferably our initials, where the typeface would represent us. Then integrate the two chosen letters and composite image out of it which would be legible and have visual balance.
Process Different typefaces were printed in different size on A3 sheet then creating thumbnails using tracing paper. Once appropriate typeface selected the different explorations were carried out on tracing paper and after final form was selected, further exploration and variation were carried out. After selecting final form, it was enlarged (Xerox) and printed on A3 size paper. Then after doing visual corrections, the final form was created on cartridge sheet with correct measurements. The final form was then achieved. Rahul Gajjar Chosen leters ‘R’ & ‘G’
These are the areas which needed correction, the stroke of ‘R’ was looking short when viewing from the distance and it was leaning bit outward. After correction, final form was drawn with correct measurments on A3 sheet. The final output was created.
Explorations
These are first set of explorations. I was constraining the form of ‘R’ and ‘G’ in a specified space which I was not supposed to do. After that these set of explorations were done from which some were making sense
39
Object and Letter Integration In this assignment, the objective was to pick an object which represent us and the characteristic about ourselves, and then create minimalistic illustration of that object and then integrate it with the first letter of our name that the basic form of object and letter are not lost and a visually balanced form is created.
Process First, we were to research about what type of characteristics we want to represent in our object and then find an object that can represent that characteristics. Then figure out correct angle and make minimalistic illustration based on a real picture. These explorations were created on tracing paper, after the illustration is finalized the letter integration exploration with the object is done and then final illustration drawn on A3 paper and visual corrections done. Then it was digitized and final form was achieved. The keyword for my character were flexible and multi-talented, first exploration for the object was swiss knife, but then it doesn’t depict flexibility. Another exploration was flexible wrench which plumbers use mostly. It can be adjustable according to the size we need and we can use it for different purpose. Out of different pictures this picture was taken as base picture. These are set of explorations for object
40
This was taken as final form
Set of exploration for integration with letter and object
This was printed on A3 sheet and visuall corrections were done, the right side shape of ‘R’ was looking longer which was trimmed and the space between letter and object was decreased to exact space between the line of object After doing corrections visually balanced final form was created.
41
Object Simplification In this assignment we were to select any issue and find an object that either depicts it in a direct or indirect manner and then create simplified illustration from an image. Keeping the structure, texture and properties of an object intact minimal illustration should be created. And then use that poster for awareness regarding that issue.
Process The theme chosen was drugs addiction in children (Correction fluid solution inhalation) After deciding the theme, the chosen object was two bottles of whitener, one is filled with transparent thinner liquid and other with white liquid. To get the correct position of the object several photographs with different lighting condition, material and angle were taken. Then that photograph was printed on A3 sheet and then traced on paper and then illustration minimization process started. I was having difficulties in capturing true form with line drawing, the material was made of glass which was reflecting light and surrounded area was reflected back. Then after consulting with faculty, she suggested to draw only correct form with fine line without taking highlight in consideration and then adding highlight and shadow after correct form was defined. After doing all correction final minimal illustration was created. Primary drawings for visualization.
42
Since the whitener bottles I wanted to show were un available in nearby stationary shops (Bottled whitener bottles are legally banned), I use ink bottle instead, after first two failed attempts I somewhat captured what I needed. After few attempts I started tracing from the black and white copy of the photograph. I tried to be exact same as photograph but it didn’t work out well
for the opening area of bottle. Another difficulty was how to show one liquid white and one liquid transparent! Here we were using only line drawing and solid black and white. I tried to make contrast in the thickness of both liquid but it wasn’t so distinguishable.
After few iterations, increasing the thickness properly both liquid was somewhat looking different. But still something was missing. Viscosity of both liquid was not looking so different. Because I traced from water reference image, I was making a mistake of creating the same form as water for more viscous material.
Finally after changing in the shape of both liquid and playing with thickness of both liquid the desired minimalistic illustration was created.
43
Poster Here is the poster based on the illustration created earlier. The poster depicts the scenario of the street children suffering from drug abuse. The noise in the background shows their washed brains and disturbance in the society.
44
Pictogram The objective was to make solid pictogram that represent the object. I used ink bottle as my object. The pictogram should depict the object clearly and instantly to the viewer. Explorations for pictogram.
This is the final pictogram. It is supposed to use at big stationary stores to show that this is the ink department or this is where you can buy ink. This module is the first step for fundamental graphic design study. I did lot of mistakes and from each mistake I learned something new. I would like to thank my classmates for critically reviewing my work and print labs for providing prints on time.
45
Production Process 46
Anchor Faculty Duration Course Type Credits
Mr. Tarun Deep Girdher Mr. Bharat Suthar 6 - 17 November Studio 4
T
The module on Production Processes gave us an opportunity to understand the world of print and the vital role it plays in Graphic Design. The module was conducted by Mr. Bharat Suthar, and our activities were supported greatly by the NID Print Labs. The primary objective if this course was to introduce us to the different printing methods and equip us with all the information one needs about printing as Graphic Designer. Printing can be defined as a process of production of text and images, typically with ink on paper using a printing press. We learned that printing is mainly classified into conventional and unconventional printing. The methods for conventional printing are letterpress, lithography, gravure and screen printing. The types of unconventional printing are electrophotography or xerography, magnetograph, inkjet thermography and photography. We also studied about different type of presses. Each printing process can be divided into three major steps:
Pre-press: Prepress operations are series of steps done during the idea for printed image is converted into an image carrier such as a plate, cylinder or screen. Prepress operations include composition and typesetting, illustration, photography, image assembly and image carrier preparation. Press: It refers to actual printing operation when the image from place, cylinder or screen is being transfer onto substrate. Post-press: Post press mainly involve the assembly of printed materials, trimming edges, folding, binding and other finishing operations. Printing Inks: We studied about printing inks and how they are divided according to their viscosity, water or oil based, UV inks, transparent inks etc. Liquid inks are employed in gravure and flexo printing, while paste inks are used in letterpress and lithography. Screen inks are intermediate between paste and liquid inks. UV inks are also used in screen printing for fast drying. Paper: Paper is an essential substrate used for printing. It can be classified into uncoated, coated and matte paper. International paper sizes like the A, B and C Series, Imperial, Double, Crown, Letter etc. It is also necessary to understand the paper grain and grammage in order to decide the specifications for the print. Imposition and different binding techniques were also discussed as part of this course.
Color: Color is so important when it comes to printing, most of the press can transfer color as if it is either there or not. So, it is essential to convert color image in halftone dots. The color we see on monitor and the color we see on print are different. On screen we see the color via additive model of color RGB and on print we see color via subtractive method. That’s why for printing mostly CMYK is used. RGB are additive primaries and CMYK are subtractive primaries. There are other color model like LAB, HSB, Spot color, Hexachrome etc. We studied the behaviour of printing inks on paper and the gamut of these colour models with respect to each other and the material.
47
Assignment 1 Poster Design Finished Size: 15” x 20”
Print technique used: Offset and Screen The topic for poster was smog, tradition and dopamine.
NID_AW_screen_1C_Dilli.ai 1 25-Nov-17 8:12:08 PM
Offset Printing Single Color (Black Color) Screen Printing Single Color (Orange Red Color)
C
M
Y
CM
MY
CY
CMY
K
48
Assignment 2 Book Binding Binding books using three methods: Pad Binding Perfect Binding Centre staple and Side staple Centre stitching and Hardcover case binding. Pad Binding
These are the pictures from NID Print Lab. The first picture is the offset plate of the both poster. The second picture is the offset printing press where poster was printed in black color. Then next poster was printed with screen printing in orange color. First paint is applied on screen and then machine move squeeze over the screen so that paint is passed through the un exposed area of the screen and applied on the paper. The ink used was UV ink so after printing the poster is passed through UV light where it gets dry instantly. This is how two color poster was created using two different printing techniques.
Learning
Perfect Binding
Hardcover Case Binding
We learned about different printing process and how mass production of the print is done. Choosing the efficient type of print method for particular project and what are the requirements for it. We learned that designer should think about how final output is going to be printed even before he starts designing because type of print paper, impositions used and printing method used is very essential for designing part. We also learned about post press processes and how we could design in a way that minimum amount of paper wastage is done. Our faculty quite was patient, he answered all our quarries in detail and also explained about past and present scenario of printing methods.
49
50