N AT I ON A L S E C U R I T Y RESEARCH DIVISION
NATI O NAL SECURITY RE SE ARCH DIVISIO N
N
New Releases
After the War Nation-Building from FDR to George W. Bush James Dobbins, Michele A. Poole, Austin Long, Benjamin Runkle
“Jim Dobbins and his co-authors do a terrific job of summarizing the approaches of several administrations to addressing the issues associated with nation-building. The study is well-sourced throughout and reflects the situations as they actually were, stripped of the usual filters associated with bias and attempts to re-write history by key players.� David Rothkopf, author of “Running the World: The Inside Story of the National Security Council and the Architects of American Power�
The United States has gained considerable experience in nation-building operations through its participation in at least eight significant operations since World War II. These eight cases can be split into three distinct periods: the post–World War II cases of Germany and Japan under the administrations of Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman; the post–Cold War cases of Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia, and Kosovo under the administrations of George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton; and the post-9/11 cases of Afghanistan and Iraq under the administration of George W. Bush. Exploring both the decisionmaking style and structure of government in the three periods can lead to a deeper understanding of American decisionmaking on, and the American capacity for, nation-building. This volume first discusses some general theories of administration, leadership, and authority in order to frame the empirical evidence on nation-building. Then, each period of nation-building is examined, focusing on operations, the distribution of responsibility, how U.S. efforts fit into larger international efforts, and the impact of the decisionmaking structures on the overall success of the operation. Finally, the authors combine theory and evidence to draw conclusions about the influence of decisionmaking style and structure on American nation-building. Contents 4VNNBSZ t *OUSPEVDUJPO t &YFDVUJWF #SBODI %FDJTJPONBLJOH 5IFPSFUJDBM 1FSTQFDUJWF t %FDJTJPONBLJOH 4USVDUVSFT GPS 1PTUo8PSME 8BS ** /BUJPO #VJMEJOH t %FDJTJPONBLJOH 4USVDUVSFT GPS 1PTUo $PME 8BS /BUJPO #VJMEJOH t 1PTU /BUJPO #VJMEJOH t -FTTPOT -FBSOFE GSPN "NFSJDBO /BUJPO #VJMEJOH t "QQFOEJY t #JCMJPHSBQIZ CONSIDER FOR COURSES IN:
Europe’s Role in Nation-Building From the Balkans to the Congo James Dobbins, Seth G. Jones, Keith Crane, Christopher S. Chivvis, Andrew Radin, F. Stephen Larrabee, Nora Bensahel, Brooke K. Stearns, Benjamin W. Goldsmith
“If there is a maestro of nation building, [James Dobbins] is it.� National Journal
Peace is the most essential product of nation-building. Without peace, neither economic growth nor democratization is possible. The authors investigate the use of armed force as part of broader nation-building efforts led by European powers and its success at achieving the objective of transforming a society emerging from conflict into one at peace with itself and its neighbors. They then evaluate Europe’s performance against the U.S. and United Nations records in past nation-building operations. The authors focus on factors that can be influenced by outside powers, making valuable recommendations that address the pitfalls of and lessons learned from past operations. They emphasize the need for multilateral operations and the involvement of crucial actors such as the European Union and NATO. The success of nation-building activities depends on the wisdom with which all resources are employed. In this compelling new addition to the R AND series on nationbuilding, the authors take an in-depth look at six European cases (Macedonia, Bosnia, Cote d’Ivoire, Albania, UIF %FNPDSBUJD 3FQVCMJD PG $POHP BOE 4JFSSB -FPOF
BOE POF "VTUSBMJBO MFE PQFSBUJPO UIF 4PMPNPO *TMBOET
to complete a comprehensive history of best practices in nation-building. This series serves as an indispensable reference for the planning of successful future interventions. Contents 4VNNBSZ t *OUSPEVDUJPO t "MCBOJB t 4JFSSB -FPOF t .BDFEPOJB t $PUF E *WPJSF t %FNPDSBUJD 3FQVCMJD PG $POHP t #PTOJB t 4PMPNPO *TMBOET "VTUSBMJB t $PNQBSBUJWF "OBMZTJT t $PODMVTJPOT CONSIDER FOR COURSES IN:
*OUFSOBUJPOBM 3FMBUJPOT t (PWFSONFOU BOE 1PMJUJDT PG &VSPQF t *OUFSOBUJPOBM 1FBDFLFFQJOH )VNBOJUBSJBO *OUFSWFOUJPO QQ t t QC t .( 3$ t *4#/
6 4 'PSFJHO 1PMJDZ t *OUFSOBUJPOBM 1FBDFLFFQJOH )VNBOJUBSJBO *OUFSWFOUJPO QQ t t QC t .( $$ t *4#/
RAND Publications | www.rand.org
toll free 877.584.8642
The Foundations of Nation-Building
The Beginner’s Guide to NationBuilding James Dobbins, Seth G. Jones, Keith Crane, Beth Cole DeGrasse
“No challenge in international relations today is more pressing or more difficult than that of supporting weak states. James Dobbins, one of the leading practitioners of the art, offers a set of clear, simple prescriptions for helping to build a stable peace in the wake of conflict and disorder.â€? KoďŹ A. Annan, United Nations Secretary-General
Nation-building operations—often referred to as stabilization and reconstruction, peace-building, or state-building —have become more frequent, more complex, and more ambitious. As U.S. forces entered Iraq, little effort was made to marshal America’s abundant, recent, and relevant experience in support of the new nation-building mission there, and the consequences have been severe. This guidebook is designed as a contribution to future nation-building efforts. It is organized around the components that make up any nation-building mission: planning, military and police contingents, civil administrators, humanitarian and relief efforts, governance, economic stabilization, democratization, and infrastructure development. This guide is intended to help practitioners avoid repeating earlier mistakes, help political leaders evaluate the cost and likelihood of success in any proposed operation, and help citizens evaluate their government’s consequent performance. Contents 'PSFXPSE t 4VNNBSZ t 1SFQBSJOH GPS /BUJPO #VJMEJOH t 5IF .JMJUBSZ t 5IF 1PMJDF t 3VMF PG -BX t )VNBOJUBSJBO 3FMJFG t (PWFSOBODF t &DPOPNJD 4UBCJMJ[BUJPO t %FNPDSBUJ[BUJPO t %FWFMPQNFOU t $PODMVTJPO 5IF $PTU PG /BUJPO #VJMEJOH t #JCMJPHSBQIZ t *OEFY CONSIDER FOR COURSES IN:
*OUFSOBUJPOBM 3FMBUJPOT t *OUFSOBUJPOBM 1FBDFLFFQJOH )VNBOJUBSJBO *OUFSWFOUJPO t 6 4 'PSFJHO 1PMJDZ QQ t t QC t .( 43' t *4#/
The UN’s Role in Nation-Building From the Congo to Iraq James Dobbins, Seth G. Jones, Keith Crane, Andrew Rathmell, Brett Steele, Richard Teltschik, Anga Timilsina
“The authors show that UN forces are chronically undermanned and underfunded (U.S. nation-building missions, in contrast, tend to be launched with more ambitious mandates in more difficult circumstances) but encouragingly conclude that the UN’s low-profile, smallfootprint approach to nation-building has succeeded more often than it has failed and is remarkably cost-effective—offering a promising framework for peacekeeping in the future.� —Foreign Affairs QQ t t QC t .( 3$ t *4#/
America’s Role in Nation-Building From Germany to Iraq James Dobbins, John G. McGinn, Keith Crane, Seth G. Jones, Rollie Lal, Andrew Rathmell, Rachel Swanger, Anga Timilsina
i+BNFT %PCCJOT IBT MPOH CFFO one of those troubleshooters who never seem to miss a crisis. As the TQFDJBM 6OJUFE 4UBUFT FOWPZ GPS "GHIBOJTUBO .S %PCbins was responsible for finding and installing a successor UP UIF 5BMJCBO BGUFS UIFZ XFSF UPQQMFE JO %VSJOH UIF T .S %PCCJOT IPQ TDPUDIFE GSPN POF USPVCMF spot to another as he served as special envoy to Kosovo, #PTOJB )BJUJ BOE 4PNBMJB 4P XIFO IF PGGFST B DSJUJRVF PG UIF #VTI BENJOJTUSBUJPO T OBUJPO CVJMEJOH FGGPSU JO *SBR it is worth paying attention.� —New York Times QQ t t QC t .3 3$ t *4#/
RAND Publications | www.rand.org
toll free 877.584.8642
Nation-Building: Beyond the Basics
Women and Nation-Building Cheryl Benard, Seth G. Jones, Olga Oliker, Cathryn Quantic Thurston, Brooke K. Stearns, Kristen Cordell
The challenges of nation-building and of dealing with the societal and political aftermaths of conflicts have consumed tremendous international energy during the past decades. This book tackles the exceedingly complex task of assessing the multilayered development of women’s diverse roles in the post-conflict context. The authors examine the role of women in the recent reconstruction activities in Afghanistan, while evaluating the effect of societal circumstances and nationbuilding processes on the status of female populations in post-conflict regions. Does women’s participation in nation-building make a difference to the post-conflict trajectories of very volatile societies? This volume presents compelling findings for policymakers, practitioners, and scholars concerned with both the academic and pragmatic implementation of a more engendered approach to nation-building. The authors conclude that the steps necessary to strengthen nation-building activities include an emphasis on human security, establishing governance based on the principles of equity and the rule of law, and women’s early economic inclusion in reconstruction activities. Societies on a path toward equity and the rule of law are more peaceful and more prosperous, and the status of women is not merely a litmus test but an active agent in bringing about such an outcome. Contents
Green Warriors Army Environmental Considerations for Contingency Operations from Planning Through Post-Conflict David E. Mosher, Beth E. Lachman, Michael D. Greenberg, Tiffany Nichols, Brian Rosen, Henry H. Willis
The U.S. Army has become increasingly involved with environmental issues in contingency operations. The authors assess whether existing policy, doctrine, and guidance adequately address environmental activities in post-conflict operations and reconstruction. Contents 4VNNBSZ t *OUSPEVDUJPO t 5IF $POUFYU GPS &OWJSPONFOUBM $POTJEFSBUJPOT JO $POUJOHFODZ 0QFSBUJPOT t &YQFSJFODF XJUI &OWJSPONFOUBM $POTJEFSBUJPOT JO $POUJOHFODZ 0QFSBUJPOT t "OBMZTJT PG "SNZ 0QFSBUJPOBM &YQFSJFODF t 'JOEJOHT BOE 3FDPNNFOEBUJPOT t "QQFOEJYFT t (MPTTBSZ PG 4FMFDUFE &OWJSPONFOUBM 5FSNT QQ t t QC t .( " t *4#/
Preparing the Army for Stability Operations Doctrinal and Interagency Issues Thomas S. Szayna, Derek Eaton, Amy Richardson
*OUFSOBUJPOBM %FWFMPQNFOU t (FOEFS BOE 1PMJUJDT t .JEEMF &BTU 4UVEJFT
Much activity is being aimed at revising the approach to planning and implementing Stabilization, Security, Transition, and 3FDPOTUSVDUJPO 4453 PQFSBUJPOT UP FOTVSF B DPNmon U.S. strategy rather than a collection of individual departmental and agency efforts. The authors find that some elements essential to the success of the process are not yet in place.
QQ t t QC t .( $.&11 t *4#/
Contents
4VNNBSZ t 5IF $FOUSBM 3PMF PG 8PNFO t 5IF 4FDVSJUZ %JNFOTJPO BOE 8PNFO t )FBMUI &EVDBUJPO BOE 8PNFO #VJMEJOH *OEJDBUPST PG 4VDDFTT t (PWFSOBODF BOE 8PNFO t &DPOPNJD 1BSUJDJQBUJPO BOE 8PNFO t " $BTF 4UVEZ 5IF /BUJPOBM 4PMJEBSJUZ 1SPHSBN t 3FDPNNFOEBUJPOT t "QQFOEJYFT t 3FGFSFODFT CONSIDER FOR COURSES IN:
4VNNBSZ t *OUSPEVDUJPO t #VJMEJOH *OUFSBHFODZ $PMMBCPSBUJWF $BQBDJUZ GPS 4453 0QFSBUJPOT t "SNZ %PDUSJOF JO UIF $POUFYU PG *OUFSBHFODZ 4453 0QFSBUJPOT t $PODMVTJPOT BOE 3FDPNNFOEBUJPOT t 3FGFSFODFT QQ t t QC t .( " t *4#/
RAND Publications | www.rand.org
toll free 877.584.8642
Additional Nation-Building Titles
Stabilization and Reconstruction Staffing
Building a Successful Palestinian State
Developing U.S. Civilian Personnel Capabilities
David Gompert, Jerrold Green , C. Richard Neu, Glenn Robinson, Kenneth Shine, Steven Simon, C. Ross Anthony, Robert E. Hunter
Terrence K. Kelly, Ellen E. Tunstall, Thomas S. Szayna, Deanna Weber Prine
Presents a framework for improving U.S. civilian personnel and staffing programs for stability and reconstruction operations. QQ t t QC t .( t *4#/
Securing Health
This book examines how an independent Palestinian state, if created, can be made successful. The authors describe options for strengthening governance, security, economic development, access to water, health and health care, and education, while estimating the financial resources needed for successful development over the first decade of independence. QQ t t QC t .( %$3 t *4#/
Lessons from Nation-Building Missions Seth G. Jones, Lee H. Hilborne, C. Ross Anthony, Lois M. Davis, Federico Girosi, Cheryl Benard, Rachel M. Swanger, Anita Datar Garten, Anga Timilsina
Establishing Law and Order After Conflict
Examines the success of international efforts to rebuild public health and health care delivery in seven cases: Germany and Japan immediately after World War II; Somalia, Haiti, and Kosovo in the 1990s; and Afghanistan and Iraq since 2001.
Assesses the success of U.S. and allied efforts in reconstructing the internal security institutions of nations after conflict, including nation-building efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Seth G. Jones, Jeremy M. Wilson, Andrew Rathmell, K. Jack Riley
QQ t t QC t .( 3$ t *4#/
3 QQ t t QC t .( 3$ t *4#/
Securing Tyrants or Fostering Reform?
Ungoverned Territories Understanding and Reducing Terrorism Risks
U.S. Internal Security Assistance to Repressive and Transitioning Regimes
Angel Rabasa, Steven Boraz, Peter Chalk, Kim Cragin, Theodore W. Karasik , Jennifer D .P. Moroney, Kevin A. O’Brien, John E. Peters
Seth G. Jones, Olga Oliker, Peter Chalk, C. Christine Fair, Rollie Lal, James Dobbins
Examines the sources and types of ungoverned territories and the security challenges that they present and proposes mitigating strategies.
Assesses the success of U.S. assistance in improving the effectiveness, accountability, and respect for human rights of internal security forces in repressive regimes. QQ t t QC t .( 04* t *4#/
The RAND History of Nation-Building James Dobbins, Keith Crane, Seth G. Jones, Andrew Rathmell, Brett Steele, Richard Teltschik, John G. McGinn, Rollie Lal, Rachel M. Swanger, Anga Timilsina
This set contains “America’s Role in Nation-Building� and “The UN’s Role in Nation-Building� (see previous page) as an attractive boxed set at a discounted price. QQ t t IC t .( 3$ t *4#/
QQ t t QC t .( "' t *4#/
Networked Forces in Stability Operations TU "JSCPSOF %JWJTJPO BOE 4USZLFS #SJHBEFT JO /PSUIFSO *SBR
Daniel Gonzales, John Hollywood, Jerry M. Sollinger, James McFadden, John DeJarnette, Sarah Harting, Donald Temple
The authors compare three Army units that conducted stability operations in the same area in Iraq’s northern provinces between 2003 and 2005, and find that leadership, training, and tactics and procedures are just as important as networking capabilities for improving mission effectiveness in stability operations. QQ t t QC t .( 04% t *4#/
RAND Publications | www.rand.org
toll free 877.584.8642
ORDER ONLINE AND SAVE 25%! Use priority code NB08 to receive 25% off the list price. Use code NB08 during online checkout.
STAY INFORMED! Sign up to receive email announcements of new RAND books and publications. Sign up today at www.rand.org/publications/emailannounce.html -- or send an email to newbooks@rand.org.
EMAIL ANNOUNCEMENT SUBJECT AREAS INCLUDE $IJME 1PMJDZ t $JWJM +VTUJDF t $PVOUFSUFSSPSJTN t %FGFOTF 1PMJDZ t %SVH 1PMJDZ t &DPOPNJDT t &EVDBUJPO t &OWJSPONFOUBM 4DJFODF t )FBMUI t *NNJHSBUJPO t *OUFSOBUJPOBM 1PMJDZ t 1PQVMBUJPO 4UVEJFT t 1VCMJD 4BGFUZ t 4DJFODF 5FDIOPMPHZ t "MM 4VCKFDUT
Order Form Qt y
Title
ISBN
Price
Subtotal
Orders must be prepaid in U.S. funds. Method of Payment: Check (make payable to RAND Corporation) VISA MC AMX
Sales tax: residents of CA add 8.25%, MS add 7%, PA add 7%, VA add 5% Shipping/handling: U.S.: $4 first book, $2 ea. additional; Outside U.S.: $7 first book, $3 ea. additional
Cardholder Name: Credit Card Number: Exp. Date:
Total
SHIP TO: Name:
Institution:
Street Address: City:
State:
Zip/Postal Code:
Email:
Country: Daytime Phone:
EX AMINATION COPY POLICY Requests for examination copies by college and university professors will be fulfilled at $5.00 each for shipping/ handling. Please provide course name, course dates, and expected enrollment. Exam copies will only be shipped to a college or university address. Limit three exam copies. PLEASE INDICATE FOR EACH BOOK BEING CONSIDERED: Course:
Estimated Enrollment:
MAIL, PHONE, OR FAX:
Semester/Year:
RAND Corporation, Publications Orders • P.O. Box 2138,
Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 | Phone toll free 877-584-8642 inside the U.S. • C O R P O R AT I O N
OB J E C T I V E A NALY SIS. E F F E C T I V E S OL UTIO N S.
Phone 310-451-7002 outside the U.S. | Fax 412-802-4981 | E-mail order@rand.org