Electrocution of Birds of Prey in Mongolia ANDREW DIXON International Wildlife Consultants Ltd
M. L. Rahman International Wildlife Consultants Ltd
B. Galtbalt, B. Bold, B. Davaasuren, A. Gunga, U. Boldbaatar, J. Gombosuren, N. Batbayar Wildlife Science and Conservation Center
B. Sugarsaikhan Eastern Energy Company
Electricity System in Mongolia
Eastern energy system
Western energy system
Electricity Network in Mongolia
15 kV ‘dangerous’ lines Line poles
Anchor poles
2009-12 line surveys 12-13 May 2009 7 September 2011 8 March 2012 Monkhkhaan-Uulbayan 15 kV 56 km N poles: 493 line, 35 anchor 111 carcasses
Dixon et al. 2013. Bird Conservation International 23: 520-529
2009-12 line survey Line Pole
Line Pole (1-2 spikes)
7.7%
10.8%
P = 0.16
Line Pole (3-4 spikes)
P < 0.001
2.7%
Dixon et al. 2013. Bird Conservation International 23: 520-529
2009 line survey Anchor Pole
Anchor Pole (jumpwire over crossarm on
(jumpwire over crossarm on
3 phases)
central phase)
22.0%
4.8%
P = 0.02
Dixon et al. 2013. Bird Conservation International 23: 520-529
2012 line monitoring 11 May 25 May 04 June 16 June 01 July 20 July 101 Carcasses
Small mammal hole counts N active holes within 20 m radius
Mammal density & mitigation
Models Intercept + small mammals + N deflectors Intercept + N deflectors Intercept + small mammals Intercept
df 4 3 3 2
AICc 560.0 562.1 562.3 563.9
â&#x2C6;&#x2020; AICc 0.00 2.09 2.30 3.90
wi 0.55 0.19 0.18 0.08
2013-14 line monitoring
439 surveys 01 April 2013 to 14 August 2014 434 Carcasses
17-26 Dec
7-16 Dec
27 Nov-6 Dec
17-26 Nov
7-16 Nov
28 Oct-6 Nov
18-27 Oct
8-17 Oct
28 Sep-7 Oct
18-27 Sep
8-17 Sep
29 Aug-7 Sep
19-28 Aug
9-18 Aug
30 Jul-8 Aug
20-29 Jul
10-19 Jul
30 Jun-9 Jul
20-29 Jun
10-19 Jun
1-9 Jun
22-31 May
12-21 May
2-11 May
22 Apr-1 May
12-21 Apr
2-11 Apr
23 Mar-1 Apr
13-22 Mar
3-12 Mar
21 Feb-2 Mar
12-21 Feb
2-11 Feb
23 Jan-1 Feb
13-22 Jan
3-12 Jan
Mean N. Sakers per day
Seasonal and annual variation in Saker Falcon mortality rates 3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
How widespread is Saker Falcon electrocution in Mongolia?
Preliminary Survey Results 2013
2014
27 lines (44% of 15 kV in Mongolia)
26 lines (42% of 15 kV in Mongolia)
277 carcasses
513 carcasses
50 Saker Falcons (18%)
342 Saker Falcons (67%)
14 identical lines
2013
2014
201 carcasses
214 carcasses
43 Saker Falcons (21%)
115 Saker Falcons (54%)
SAKER ELECTROCUTION IN MONGOLIA
Widespread Large numbers Prey abundance Prey distribution Spatial variation Temporal variation Predictive models â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Prioritization
1-year mitigation trial (21 Aug 2013-15 Aug 2014)
Line divided into 24 sections of 14-18 poles Control Phase 1: Mount Phase 1: Insulation Phases 2 & 3: Brush deflector Phases 2 & 3: Mirror deflector
Phases 2 & 3: Insulation
Phase 1 mitigation
Control
Insulation
Arch pin-mount
Phases 2 & 3 mitigation Control
Insulation
Mirror deflectors
Brush deflectors
M e a n N c a r c a s s e s p e r p o le
Preliminary Results
N = 414 carcasses
1.80 1.60 1.40 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00
Control
P1Mount
P1Insulation
P23Deflector
P23Mirror
P23Insulation
Saker Falcon (42% of carcasses) N = 190 carcasses
Mean N carcasses per pole
0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 Control
P1Mount
P1Insulation
P23Deflector
P23Mirror
P23Insulation
Efficacy & Cost Phase 1: New mounts Phases 2/3: Deflector spikes
Thank You