Estimating turnover rate of breeding Eastern Imperial Eagle by visual identification of individuals
Bedřich Landsfeld Jiří Pavelka
Raptor Protection of Slovakia www.dravce.sk 7th International Conference on the Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle 2.-5. October 2013 Bratislava, Slovakia
Raptor Protection of Slovakia, www.dravce.sk
• Monitoring was carried out in Považský Inovec Mountains – Western Slovakia. • 3 nesting pairs under regular survey: Pair Nr. 1 - 36 years (since 1977, known pair, the site has been occupied since 1950s) Pair Nr. 2 - 2 years (from the beginning of the nesting – a new pair) Pair Nr. 3 - 9 years (detto)
7th International Conference on the Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle 2.-5. October 2013 Bratislava, Slovakia
Raptor Protection of Slovakia, www.dravce.sk
Determination of individuals • The basic premise by estimating of the turnover rate is identification of individuals. Mostly from camera pictures we identified the variability in color and plumage patterns, especially:
color of forehead size and dislocation of white scapular-patches
color of frontal wing edge
• Based on these differences individuals can be identified with high success. 7th International Conference on the Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle 2.-5. October 2013 Bratislava, Slovakia
Raptor Protection of Slovakia, www.dravce.sk
Overview of breeding Pair Nr. 1 year
nest
tree
1977
H1
Beech
change age M age F pull. fledglings ad
1978
H1
Beech
ad
1979
H1
Beech
F
ad
4-5
1980
H1
Beech
M
ad
Change of colour in columns = change of - nest - nesting tree - male or - female.
3
6
1981
4
7
do not nest
1982
5
8
do not nest
1983
H2
Larch
6
9
1984
H3
Spruce
7
10
2
1
1985
H3
Spruce
8
11
2
1
1986
H3
Spruce
9
12
1
1
1987
H3
Spruce
10
13
1
1
1988
H3
Spruce
11
14
1989
H4
Larch
12
15
0
0
1990
H5
Beech
13
16
0
0
1991
H6
Larch
2
17
1
1
1992
H6
Larch
3
18
0
0
1993
H7
Spruce
4
19
2
2
1994
H7
Spruce
5
20
0
0
1995
H7
Spruce
6
21
1996
H8
Larch
7
22
0
0
1997
H9
Spruce
8
23
0
0
1998
H 10
Spruce
3
24
0
0
1999
H 11
4
25
0
0
2000
H 12
Acacia Beech
5
26
2
2
2001
H 13 Black Pine
6
27
1
1
2002
H 13 Black Pine
7
28
1
2003
H 13 Black Pine
8
29
2004
H 13 Black Pine
9
2005
H 14 Black Pine
10
2006
H 14 Black Pine
2007
H 15 Black Pine
2008
H 14 Black Pine
2009
H16 Black Pine
2010
H16 Black Pine
2011
M
M
Dark blue – female from pair Nr. 2 moved to pair Nr.1 Orange - female from pair Nr.3 moved to pair Nr.1 • Each nest (H) marked with different number
Pair Nr. 2 nest
tree
1
H1
Black Pine
2
1
H2
Black Pine
ad
2
2
ad
1
1
H3
Black Pine
11
ad
2
2
H4
12
ad
2
2
3
3
2
2
4
4
5
ad
0
H17 Black Pine
6
ad
2012
H18 Black Pine
7
2013
H19 Black Pine
4
36 years
F
M+F F
M+F diameter
age F
pull.
fledgling s
3
ad
2
2
nest
tree
4
ad
2
2
H1
Poplar
H2
6
ad
2
0
H3
Scots Pine
7
ad
3
2
H5
Black Pine
8
ad
2
H6
Black Pine
9
ad
H7
Black Pine
10
0
H7
Black Pine
1
1
H7
ad
3
0
14
2
2
1
0,89
5,7 5,8
change age M
Pair Nr.3 pull.
Poplar
chang age M age F e ? ? subad. M 3
2
fledgli ngs 2
Poplar
4
6
0
0
2
H4
Poplar
5
0
7
1
2
H5
Poplar
1
6
8
2
2
2
H6
0
Black Pine
7
9
3
ad
2
2
3
H7
Poplar
8
10
2
4
ad
2
1
2
H8
Poplar
9
11
1
Black Pine
5
ad
0
1
1
H9
Poplar
10
12
2
H8
Black Pine
6
2
ad
2
1
H10
Poplar
11
13
2
H8
Black Pine
2
7
ad
0
0
6
5,5
1,8
1,45
9
9
1,70
1
5
12 year
F
M
diameter
10(9) years
7th International Conference on the Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle 2.-5. October 2013 Bratislava, Slovakia
diameter
Raptor Protection of Slovakia, www.dravce.sk
CHANGE OF INDIVIDUAL IN A PAIR Average time of breeding in one pair – males (M) = 6,88 years
7th International Conference on the Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle 2.-5. October 2013 Bratislava, Slovakia
Raptor Protection of Slovakia, www.dravce.sk
CHANGE OF INDIVIDUAL IN A PAIR Average time of breeding in one pair – females (F) = 6,88 years
7th International Conference on the Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle 2.-5. October 2013 Bratislava, Slovakia
Raptor Protection of Slovakia, www.dravce.sk
CHANGE OF NESTS • Intensity of changing nests was higher than change of individuals.
Average time of use of one nest (years)
The longest period of occupation of one nest (years)
Pair Nr. 1
1,89
5
Pair Nr. 2
1,38
3
Pair Nr. 3
1
1
• Total average time of use of nest by all three pairs - 1,51 year / nest.
• No pair was using an old nest after leaving it!!!
7th International Conference on the Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle 2.-5. October 2013 Bratislava, Slovakia
Raptor Protection of Slovakia, www.dravce.sk
NESTING TREES Pair Nr. 1 - instead the original nesting trees Beeches (Fagus sylvatica) the pair started to prefer Larch (Larix decidua), Spruce (Picea abies) and finally Black Pine (Pinus nigra) in recent time. Pair Nr. 2 - built nests exclusively on Black Pine (Pinus nigra), only once on Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris).
Pair Nr. 3 - nesting almost always in agrocenosis, specifically on Poplars (Populus sp.), only once the pair moved to the foothills and built a nest on Black Pine (Pinus nigra).
7th International Conference on the Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle 2.-5. October 2013 Bratislava, Slovakia
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