Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia by Anna Shestakova

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia

Boris Maderič, Zuzana Guziová, Miroslav Dravecký

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

...best regards from Miroslav 

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Table of contents     

Distribution, abundance and trend of the Lesser Spotted Eagle population in Slovakia Breeding and foraging habitats characteristics, prey composition Main threats to the Lesser Spotted Eagle population Applied conservation measures Project LIFE09 NAT/SK/000396 Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Distribution of the Lesser Spotted Eagle breeding population in Slovakia

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Abundance and trend of the Lesser Spotted Eagle breeding population in Slovakia  estimated population size in 2013: 600 – 800 breeding pairs

 estimated breeding population trend in the last 10 years: small decline (> 10 %)  detailed assessment of the population size currently running 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Distribution of the Lesser Spotted Eagle breeding population in frame of NATURA 2000  green areas - SPAs designated for the LSE conservation  green hatched areas - other SPAs with the LSE occurrence  yellow areas – SPAs without the LSE occurrence 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Abundance of the LSE breeding population in SPAs SPAs designated for the conservation of Aquila pomarina and SPAs with its occurrence

Percentage of estimated Estimated average average Estimated Aquila Aquila pomarina national pomarina regional regional population population in 2013 population in 2013 protected in SPAs (700bp.)

Source

in number of breeding pairs

in %

Horná Orava

31-41

5,14

Karaska in verb. 2013

Tatry

8-13

1,57

Kicko in verb. 2013

Nizke Tatry

1,71

Kicko in verb. 2013

Slovenský Kras

9-11

1,43

Dravecky in verb. 2013

Volovské vrchy

13-17

2,14

Dravecky in verb. 2013

Slánske vrchy

32-38

5,00

Danko et al. 2010

Vihorlatské vrchy

7-10

1,29

Danko in verb. 2013

Laborecká vrchovina

46-50

6,86

Maderič in verb. 2013

Bukovské vrchy

1,86

National SPAs List

Malá Fatra

0,43

National SPAs List

Medzibodrožie

0,29

National SPAs List

Muránska planina - Stolica Poľana

7 6

1,00 0,86

National SPAs List National SPAs List

Levočské vrchy

2,14

National SPAs List

Chočské vrchy

0,57

National SPAs List

Čergov Slovenský raj Total

21 9 256

3,00 1,29 36,57

National SPAs List National SPAs List

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Habitats characteristics

 diverse habitats in altitude from 100 to 900 m a.s.l. featuring mosaic of forests, meadows, pastures, field and wetlands; woodland above 1000 m a.s.l. avoided  breeding habitats - all types, deciduous, coniferous and mixed forests; nests are often situated near the edges of woodland adjacent to open countryside

Laborecká vrchovina upland

Horná Orava 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Habitats characteristics

Slovenský kras

Slanské vrchy mts.

Volovské vrchy mts.

Vihorlatské vrchy mts.

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Habitats characteristics

Tatras Mts.

Ondavská vrchovina upland.

Nizke Tatry Mts.

Ondavská vrchovina upland.

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

 nesting trees

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Habitats characteristics

spruce

pine

fir

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

birch

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

 nesting trees

larch

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Habitats characteristics

pear tree

oak

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

beech

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Habitats characteristics  foraging habitats - open spaces with fields, meadows, pastures and marshes; solitary trees, tree lines, schrubs etc. are of great importance

Laborecká vrchovina upland 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

Horná Orava

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Prey composition

 food consists of a broad range of prey (mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, insects, molluscs and other invertebrates  the most frequent prey are small rodents  Common Vole represents approximately 70% of all diet composition

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Main threats to the LSE population

 Loss and degradation of natural breeding habitats

 Loss and degradation of foraging habitats and loss of food sources  Large proportion of failed breeding attempts

 Colisions with 22 kV power lines  Direct persecution 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Loss and degradation of natural breeding habitats

 implementation of innappropriate forest management techniques

intensive logging, clear cutting  innappropriate development of forest roads network  in whole Slovakia including protected areas  weak incentive framework 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Loss and degradation of natural breeding habitats

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Loss and degradation of natural breeding habitats

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Loss and degradation of natural breeding habitats

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Loss and degradation foraging habitats and loss of food sources  changing the mosaic landscape into monoculture  growing the percentage of unsuitable crops  abandonment of agriculture land (arable land and permanent grasslands)  loss of grasslands in the favour of infrastructure 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Innapropriate agriculture techniques

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Loss of grasslands in favor of infrastructure

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Large proportion of failed breeding attempts

 Human disturbance in the nest vicinity during the breeding period (forestry activities,hunting, tourism,etc.)  Increasing frequency of windy and rainy storms during the period of incubation and chicks rearing due to global climatic changes  Innapropriate age and tree species structure in the forest cover (spruce monocultures) 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Colisions with 22 kV power lines  electrocution - very important threat in the case of medium and large sized raptors  mechanical injuries (e.g. serious fractures, amputations of wings) or death of specimens

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Direct persecution  poisoning and illegal shooting

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Applied conservation measures In situ measures  Designation of temporary protective zones  Insulation of 22 kV power lines with consol barriers and other devices  Bird friendly 22 kV power lines construction  Nest stabilisation and installation of artificial nests Ex situ measures  Rescue operations for injured specimens in rehabilit. centre Other measures  National Species Recovery Programme  SPAs specific management plans  Incentive schemes (e.g. Natura 2000 payments, forest and agri-environmental schemes, etc.) 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Applied conservation measures In situ measures 

Designation of temporary protective zones

 areas with restricted/excluded human activities  Purpose avoid disturbance in breeding period conserve breeding habitat  Flexible concept 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Applied conservation measures In situ measures  

Insulation of 22 kV power lines with consol barriers and other devices Bird friendly 22 kV power lines construction

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Applied conservation measures In situ measures  Nest stabilisation and installation of artificial nests

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Applied conservation measures Ex situ measures  Rescue operations for injured specimens in rehabilitation centre

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Applied conservation measures Other measures   

National Species Recovery Programme SPAs specific management plans Incentive schemes (e.g. Natura 2000 payments, forest and agri-environmental schemes, etc.)

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Project LIFE09 NAT/SK/000396 Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Coordinating beneficiary: Ochrana dravcov na Slovensku/Raptor Protection of Slovakia Associated beneficiaries: Stredoslovenská energetika,a.s. Východoslovenská energetika, a.s. Project period: 1.1.2011-31.12.2014 ( 48 months), 28 actions Project team: 3 full time experts and 14 part time, regional experts 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Project LIFE09 NAT/SK/000396 Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Project objective Improving conservation of the Lesser Spotted Eagle in Slovakia through  Improving conservation of breeding and feeding habitats  Eliminating negative forest management activities  Improving nesting conditions  Reducing causes of disturbance and mortality  Improving personal and technical capacities for the conservation 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Project LIFE09 NAT/SK/000396 Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Project area

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Project LIFE09 NAT/SK/000396 Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia

International Conference on the conservation of the Lesser Spotted Eagle will be held in Slovakia in autumn 2014 !!! ALL OF YOU ARE CORDIALLY INVITED !!!

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

Acknowledgements Zuzana Argalášová, Miloš Balla, Tomáš Bělka, Peter Bryndza, Štefan Danko, Andrej Dúbravský, Ivana Fabiánová, Tomáš Flajs, Erik Gulák, Stanislav Harvančík, Ján Hoľma, Ervín Hrtan, Dušan Karaska, Ján Kicko, Miroslav Lehocký, Anna Macková, Metod Macek, Miroslav Madera, Pavol Majko, Jozef Mihók, Štefan Mikiara, Vladimír Nemček, Milan Olekšák, Vladimír Pečeňák, Juraj Platko, Juraj Popovics, Martin Riník, Slavomír Senk, Slávka Siryová, Oldřich Suchánek, Karol Šotnár, Ladislav Šnírer, Oldřich Šreiber, Jozef Vrána, Peter Vrlík, Ján Žigraj and many others. 31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania

LIFE 09 NAT/SK/000396

Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia Ochrana orla krikľavého na Slovensku

31.10.-02.11.2013 International conference for updating the European Action Plan for The Lesser Spotted Eagle Bâlea Cascadă, Făgăraș Mountains (Sibiu County), Romania