The Primal Shelter

THE PRIMAL SHELTER 5 Weeks INTERMEDIATE ARCHITECTURE STUDIO B ARCHITECTURE 202 | PATRICK ONISHI + CATHI HO | SPRING 2006

THE PRIMAL SHELTER 5 Weeks INTERMEDIATE ARCHITECTURE STUDIO B ARCHITECTURE 202 | PATRICK ONISHI + CATHI HO | SPRING 2006

Design and build a lightweight and portable shelter for a 24-hour campout period on Friday, February 10 thru Saturday, February 11, 2006. Shelters should be able to keep inhabitant(s) safe and comfortable from wind, heat, rain, and “things” that crawl in the night. Each person will have to carry their own materials and build their shelter without any help from anyone in a time period

Site Analysis Site Analysis Site Site Analysis Analysis

By: Michelle Jaime, Jared Miyahana, Richard Rivera By: Michelle Jaime, Jared Architecture Miyahana, Richard ARCH 202 : Intermediate StudioRivera B By: Michelle Jaime, Jared Architecture Miyahana, Richard ARCH 202 : Intermediate StudioRivera B ARCH 202 : Intermediate Architecture Studio B By: Michelle Jaime, Jared Miyahana, Richard Rivera ARCH 202 : Intermediate Architecture Studio B

Ho’omaluhia Botanical Garden Ho’omaluhia 45-680 Luluku Road Botanical Ho’omaluhia Botanical Garden Garden 45-680 Luluku Road Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744 45-680 Luluku Road Ho’omaluhia Botanical Garden Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744 Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744

45-680 Luluku ofRoad Parks and Recreation Department Department of Parks and Recreation Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744 City and County of Honolulu Department of Parks and Recreation City and County of Honolulu City and County of Honolulu Department of Parks and Recreation City and County Ho’omaluhia, oneofofHonolulu the five Honolulu Botanical Gardens, Ho’omaluhia, one of the five Honolulu Botanical Gardens, is located on the of Oahu in Kaneohe.

Ho’omaluhia, onewindward of the fiveside Honolulu Botanical Gardens, is located on the windward side of Oahu in Kaneohe.

Ho’omaluhia to “make aa place of peace and is located on means the windward side of Oahu in Kaneohe.

Ho’omaluhia, one of the five Honolulu Botanical Gardens, Ho’omaluhia means to “make place of peace and quility.” This 400-acre Garden is planted with many tran Ho’omaluhia means to “make a place of peace and is located the 400-acre windward sidetrees ofisOahu Kaneohe. quility.on ” This Garden planted with from manythe tran dangered and rare rainforest andinshrubs en quility.” This 400-acre Garden is planted with manythe tran Ho’omaluhia means to “make a place of peace and dangered and rare rainforest trees and shrubs from endangered tropics of the world, including Hawaii and Polynesia.

With and rare rainforest trees and shrubs from the en quility. ” This 400-acre Garden isfacility planted with many of lake the world, including Hawaii andwas Polynesia.

With tran atropics 32-acre (no swimming), the developed of the world, including Hawaii and Polynesia.

With dangered and rare rainforest trees and shrubs from atropics 32-acre lake (no swimming), the facility was developed in conjunction with the U.S. Army Corps &was Engineers tothe aen 32-acre lake (no swimming), the facility developed tropics of the world, including Hawaii and With in conjunction with the U.S. Army Corps & Polynesia.

Engineers to provide flood for the community. in conjunction with the U.S. Corps Engineers to aprovide 32-acre lake protection (no swimming), the facility&was developed flood protection for Army the community. provide flood protection for Army the community. in conjunction with the U.S. Corps & Engineers to provide flood protection for the community.

Kahua Lehua Campsite Conditions Lehua Campsite Conditions -Kahua 4 water spouts, 5 fire pits, 5 picnic tables, 1 bathroom.

Lehua Campsite Conditions -Kahua 4 water spouts, 5 fire pits, 5 picnic tables, 1 bathroom.

-Kahua 4 water spouts, 5 fire pits, 5 picnic tables, 1 bathroom.

Lehua Campsite Conditions -Site 4 water spouts, 5 fire pits, 5 picnic tables, 1 bathroom.

Orientation Site Orientation Ko’olau Mountains: S, SE Site Orientation Ko’olauOcean: Mountains: S, Pacific N,SE NE, NW Ko’olau Mountains: S, Site Orientation Pacific Ocean: N,SE NE, NW Sun Direction: EN,(ocean) W (mountain) Pacific Ocean: NE, NWto Ko’olau Mountains: S, SE Sun Direction: EN (ocean) to W (mountain) Wind Pattern: to Sun Direction: EN, (ocean) Pacific Ocean: NE,SS NWto W (mountain) Wind Pattern: N to Climate: Overcast Wind Pattern: to S early Sun Direction: EN (ocean) to W morning. (mountain) Climate: Overcast early morning.

Sunny midday.

Climate: Overcast early morning.

Wind Pattern: N to S in Sunny in midday.

Humid with a chance of rain.

Sunny in midday.

Climate: Overcast early morning. with a chance of rain.

Average temperature: Humid 75º Fahrenheit Humid with a chance of rain.

Sunny in midday.

Average Annual temperature: 75º Fahrenheit Average Rainfall: 80” temperature: 75º Fahrenheit Humid with a chance of rain.

Average Annual Rainfall: 80” 2000-2005: Annual Rainfall: 80” Average for between temperature: 75º Fahrenheit Average Rainfall Rainfall for February February between 2000-2005: 0.91 (2000) – 16.79 (2004) Average Rainfall for February between 2000-2005: Annual Rainfall: 80” (2000) – 16.79 (2004) Wind pattern: N0.91 to S – 16.79 (2004) Average Rainfall for February between 2000-2005: Wind pattern: N0.91 to S(2000)

Microclimate: Wind variance Wind pattern: N0.91 to S(2000) – 16.79 (2004) Microclimate: Wind variance Microclimate: Wind Wind pattern: N to Svariance Microclimate: Wind variance - Native Hawaiian plants – Koa, Naupaka Kahakai, Hapu’u -- Native – Koa, Naupaka Hapu’u A plantHawaiian collectionplants from various countriesKahakai, of the world A plant collection fromcoot, various countries of the world -- Endangered Hawaiian Hawaiian gallinule -- Endangered Hawaiian coot, Hawaiian gallinule Native black-crowned night heron Native black-crowned night -- Various aquarium fishes due heron to unauthorized dumping -- Various aquarium fishes due to unauthorized Cattle, wilds pigs (boars), chickens and ducks. dumping - Cattle, wilds pigs (boars), chickens and ducks.

Flora Flora and and Fauna Fauna

Constraints: Rules, Regulations and Laws Constraints: Rules, Regulations and Laws - Collecting plants, fruits, flowers, seeds and other plant parts is not permitted.

-- Collecting fruits, flowers, and other plant parts isinnot Swimmingplants, in lake/streams is notseeds permitted due to impurities thepermitted. water.

Swimming in lake/streams is not permitted to impurities in the water.

-- Do not tie, nail, or attach anything to trees ordue structures.

-- Do not tie, nail, or attach anything to trees or structures.

Ball playing and other such games are not permitted.

Ball playingare and other such arefire notpads. permitted.

-- Campfires permitted on games concrete -- Campfires permitted onfor concrete firenot pads.

Collecting are twigs/branches firewood allowed.

Collecting for firewood not allowed.

-- Fires must twigs/branches be 20 feet from building.

- Fires must be 20 feet from building.

Early Concept Working primarily with the microclimate of Ho’omaluhia Botanical Gardens, I became fascinated in playing with the ideas of two noteworthy architects and somehow incorporating their concepts into a creative, versatile, and functional design that can be manipulated to the varying climate conditions of the setting (rain, heat, wind, etc). Illustrating Frank Gehry’s “House within a house” concept of his Santa Monica Residence with a basic square framework and a connected cantilever roof, Shigeru Ban’s Curtain Wall House is reminiscent through the attached multifunctional curtain wall system

Versatility of Concept With Frank Gehry’s concept of having an exterior and interior space that is somehow connected by the same composition, the exterior layer functions as an envelope, creating an in-between void that provides additional advantages. For this particular project and location, I am using this void in my shelter to 1) become a path for wind circulation and; 2) act as a storage space (1’ x 5’ ft. sq.) that is separate from the living space. In a circular shape where a small portion is taken away, I am able to maintain the maximum space available in my 5’ x 4’ ft. sq. living area, making it an airy and comfortable place (with doors open) for 4-6 people to hang out inside

The versatility of Shigeru Ban’s open and close curtain system not only allows for the circulation of wind and hot air to vent out, it becomes a protection from the natural elements such as the heat, the sun, chilly winds and rain. They can be opened to create a window for sightseeing or transformed into a personal private space. While the curtain entrances are closed, ventilation will be able to flow in, out and through the open/voided systems between the outer layer and the inner mesh-like layer of fabric

Co Pro

onstruction ocess

Materials

Dark Gray Nylon White Nylon Orange Mesh White PVC Piping PVC Joints (x14) Rope Hooks

$7.59/yard $4.69/yard $2.99 $1.75/10 ft $0.59-0.79 Donated Donated

TOTAL

$50-$60

The basic framework of my composition is constructed out of 1 inch white PVC piping and connectors. A gray waterproof nylon was used for the cantilever roof, an orange screen-like fabric for the inner roof layer and a white neutral color for the entrance/exit and connecting wall. The manageable weight and portability of PVC piping allowed me to transport my materials from the car to the camp site in two (2) trips. Having my framework composed primarily of 90 degree angles, assembly became a quick and easy 10 minute procedure

THE PRIMAL SHELTER

Design Problem With the basic framework of a square, rain water would collect on the top two layers due to the flat roof; the fabric were not secured tight enough to the framework to prevent the vinyl from drooping.

Also, not enough coats of water repellent were applied to the white fabric; both the white fabric and orange mesh absorbed rain water and watermarks were visible on the black gray nylon.

Although this curtain system prevented water from entering, rain could still enter from openings and by soaking through the fabric.

Otherwise, my living area was pretty dry

Design Solution There are two possible solutions to solve the problematic “cube� framework and the flat roof. The first option is to create additional layers of covering for the living space by using a fabric that would repel water easily, such as a plastic tarp.

Another option would have been to tilt the box to allow water to run off to the sides, distorting the clean and simple visual of a simple composition

Analysis of the Cubicle - Lightweight and portable; 1- 2 trips to the car to get the materials - Quick and easy 10 minute assembly - Spacious yet comfortable - Able to fit 4-6 people at one time - Storage space is separate from the living space - Versatility with open and closed curtain systems, allowing for ventilation and sightseeing or protection from the natural elements such as heat, sun, chilly winds, and rain - Curtain system provided privacy from others - When the main entrances are closed, ventilation is still able to flow in, out and through the open/ void spaces between the outer layer and the inner layer - Diverse functions for PVC framework, functioning also as a clothesline to hang wet clothing on when entryways are open - Cost of “skin� material can be justifiable. For example, using a plastic tarp instead of nylon or other nice and colorful fabrics

THE PRIMAL SHELTER

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2

3

1. Front - semi privacy 2. Front - open 3. Bacl - private

THE PRIMAL SHELTER

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8 3

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4 5

1. The main structural framework is constructed of white PVC tubes and connections to create a smaller square for the living space within a larger square frame 2. Dark gray nylon as outer skin 3. Orange perforated fabric as inner second skin 4. The main entrances are covered with white nylon 5. The structure was secured tightly to the ground with rope and pins that were attached to the top four main corners 6. A blue tarp was used for the living space floor 7. Storage area and ventilation corridor between the inner and outer square framework 8. The pipe structure also functioned as a clothesline

THE PRIMAL SHELTER

Project Reflection This project was very exciting because we had to build our own shelters from scratch that we would occupy in an outdoor camping experience. It was also meaningful for me because it was the first project where my parents and grandparents gave me suggestions and ideas throughout the whole design process. Being that my dad and my grandpa both have experience in the construction field, they have very useful knowledge that I can learn and gain from.

As for my mom and my grandma, their homemaking skills in sewing benefited me in stitching-up my building “skin�

THE PRIMAL SHELTER