THE LEADERSHIP CHALLENGE How to Make Extraordinary Things Happen in Organizations JAMES KOUZES & BARRY POSNER
In today’s volatile world, we need leadership more than ever to solve the world’s problems. The Leadership Challenge is about mobilizing and uniting people to create extraordinary results.
THE 5 PRACTICES OF EXEMPLARY LEADERSHIP
A ft e r s t u d y i n g l e a d e r s a t t h e i r p e r s o n a l b e s t f o r o v e r 3 d e c a d e s , t h e a u t h o r s f o u n d 5 ti m e l e s s p r a c ti c e s t h a t t h a t e x e m p l a r y l e a d e r s e x h i b i t . A l l 5 p r a c ti c e s a r e n e e d e d f o r e x t r a o r d i n a r y r e s u l t s .
Clarify Values Know your values. These guide you in everything you do.
Set the Example Model the Way
Live the shared values
Practice what you preach, including how you spend your time, what you say and do. Seek feedback to better align your words and actions.
Use your own words. Be authentic.
Develop role models
Affirm shared values.
Teach others to model the values, leveraging on critical incidents, stories, systems & procedures.
Identify & affirm common values shared by others.
Envision the Future Imagine the Possibilities
Embrace your “gut feel” of the future, know what it is, why it’s important, and tune in to your deepest feelings & calling.
2
Enlist Others
Inspire a Shared Vision
Go for Shared Ideals
Find a Common Purpose
Animate the vision
Identify shared aspirations that reflect what people want & value. Present a worthy cause that people will commit to.
Challenge the Process Seize the initiative
Take the initiative to make things happen, challenge status quo with purpose, and encourage initiative in others.
Build common ground, make people feel special, and show how their dreams are aligned with your vision.
Bring the vision to life with visual references, concrete examples, symbolic & positive language, and genuine emotions.
3 Challenge the Process
Exercise Outsight
Experiment & Take Risks Generate small wins Break down a complex and far-off vision into small action steps. Move people forward step-by-step, so they build confidence and momentum for success.
Actively learn what’s happening outside your organization. Stir imagination by forcing comparisons across non-related industries. Seek new ideas and innovation in every job.
Learn from experience
Enable Others to Act
Strengthen Others
Build a climate of trust
Start trusting first, show genuine concern, and share knowledge & information.
Adopt a growth mindset, and facilitate learning from both successes and failures.
4 Enable Others to Act
Enhance autonomy
Empower others by giving freedom of choice, job discretion and resources, with corresponding responsibility & accountability
Build competence and confidence
Facilitate relationships
Develop cooperative goals and roles. Encourage norms of reciprocity and face-to-face interactions, and help people understand how they fit and synergize.
Provide training, coaching and information. Involve people in processes/decisions that affect their work.
Recognize Contributions
Celebrate Values & Victories
Expect the Best
Set the right expectations by believing in people’s potential & ability. Clarify goals and rules of the game, and provide regular feedback.
5 Encourage the Heart
Hold public celebrations, promote camaraderie and have fun.
Be personally involved
Personal recognition
Make time for people, “catch” them doing the right things, share stories and give personal recognition.
A personalized touch (e.g. personal interest in people, informal gifts and appreciation) can be even more effective than “standard” or formal rewards.
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