Caderno de resumos Eshet

4TH ESHET

LATIN AMERICAN

Belo Horizonte – Brazil, 19-21 November 2014

FOTO: DAVI OLIVEIRA GARCIA

CONFERENCE

Originality, Adaptation, and Critique: the place of Latin America in the History of Economic Thought

Conference Programme and Abstracts

4th ESHET Latin American Conference “Originality, Adaptation, and Critique: the place of Latin America in the History of Economic Thought”

Conference Programme and Abstracts

Belo Horizonte – Brazil, 19-21 November 2014

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PRESENTATION The 4th ESHET Latin American Conference will take place in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, on November 19-21, 2014, hosted by the School of Economics, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG). The theme chosen for this edition of the conference is “Originality, Adaptation, and Critique: the place of Latin America in the history of economic thought”.

What do we mean when we talk about Latin American economic thought?

Are the works of any Latin American economist apt to be thus qualified, or should the term be reserved for ideas and theories which seek to explain economic themes peculiar to the region? Conversely, what is the role of foreign investigators – imported experts, specialized scholars, or interested observers – in molding regional economic knowledge? Does original thinking necessarily involve abstract and far-reaching theoretical constructs, or is there also originality in the adaptation of foreign ideas to local realities?

To what extent has the need to critique the “universalist” aspirations of economic theory defined the character of Latin American economics? Scholarly interest in the history of economic ideas in Latin America has increased markedly in recent years, but when compared with more traditional themes and approaches, the field still remains largely uncharted. This conference aims to serve as a forum for exploring the multiple analytical dimensions and avenues of inquiry that could lead to a richer, more illuminating historiography of economic thought in and about Latin America.

We wish all participants an enjoyable and productive stay in Belo Horizonte.

The Center for Development and Regional Planning, the Faculty of Economics and the Federal University of Minas Gerais feel truly honored to welcome you all, and look forward to making you feel at home during your visit to our city. We hope with this conference to expand on the admirable initiative inaugurated by the European Society for the History of Economic Thought in Mexico (2011), and further developed in Argentina (2012) and Colombia (2013), which has been helping effectively to articulate and integrate the Latin American community of historians of economic thought.

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the Federal University of Minas Gerais and to Belo Horizonte.

The Local Organizing Committee 5

COMMITTEES SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Alexandre Mendes Cunha (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais) Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais) Mauro Boianovsky (Universidade de Brasília) Maurício Coutinho (Universidade de Campinas) José Luís Cardoso (Universidade de Lisboa) Cristina Marcuzzo (Università di Roma “La Sapienza”).

LOCAL ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Alexandre Mendes Cunha (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais) Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais) Mauro Boianovsky (Universidade de Brasília) Maurício Coutinho (Universidade de Campinas)

SPONSORS The Local Organizing Committee is very grateful to the support provided by the following institutions: • Centro de Desenvolvimento e Planejamento Regional (Cedeplar/UFMG) • Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) • Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) • Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) • Fundação Instituto de Pesquisas Econômicas, Administrativas e Contábeis de Minas Gerais (IPEAD) • The Institute for New Economic Thinking (INET) • The European Society for the History of Economic Thought (ESHET)

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TRAVEL GRANTS & YOUNG SCHOLARS Winners of grants for the 4th ESHET Latin American Conference Travel grants (jointly sponsored by ESHET, INET and IPEAD Foundation) In alphabetical order • Alain Clément (University of Tours / France) • Andrés Álvarez (Universidad de los Andes / Colombia) • Claudia Sunna (Università del Salento – Lecce / Italy): • Jérôme Lange (Université Paris Descartes / France) • Margarita Fajardo (Princeton University) • Rebeca Gomez Betancourt (Université Lumière Lyon / France) and Matari Pierre Manigat (Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México / Mexico) • Roberto Lampa (Universidad Nacional General Sarmiento / Argentina) • Sharmin Khodaiji (Jawaharlal Nehru University / India)

Young Scholar grants (for Latin Americans only) In alphabetical order • André Roncaglia de Carvalho (Graduate Program in Development Economics, Universidade de São Paulo / Brazil) • Carla Curty (Graduate Program in Economics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro / Brazil) • Danielle Guizzo (Graduate Program in Public Policy, Universidade Federal do Paraná / Brazil) • Luiz Felipe Bruzzi Curi (Graduate Program in Economic History, Universidade de São Paulo / Brazil)

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PRACTICAL INFORMATION SUGGESTED HOTELS Promenade Golden Flat Av. Prudente de Moraes nº 520, Cidade Jardim - Belo Horizonte, Brazil Phone: +55 31 3064 4100 http://www.promenade.com.br/goldenflat/ Daily fee, single room: R$268,00 (approximately US$125), breakfast and taxes included Royal Savassi Express R. Bernardo Guimarães , 1045 Funcionários - Belo Horizonte, Brazil http://www.royalsavassiexpress.com.br/en/hotel-overview.html Daily fee, single room: R$228,00 (approximately US$110), breakfast and taxes included Both hotels are located in the south-central area of Belo Horizonte, where most of the city’s tourist attractions and entertainment options are concentrated.

ARRIVING IN BELO HORIZONTE After landing at Confins International Airport, there are two options for reaching your hotel. You can fetch a taxicab directly from the airport to the hotel, which will cost approximately R$110,00 (US$50). Alternatively, you can look for the Conexão Aeroporto bus shuttle service, located right outside of the arrivals area. The service operates executive buses with air conditioning and wi-fi, connecting the airport to downtown Belo Horizonte. Tickets cost R$21,00 (approximately US$10). From the final stop of the bus shuttle service, you can then fetch a taxi to your hotel, costing approximately R$15,00 (US$7). Between 7am and 10pm, buses depart from Confins airport every 20 minutes, and the estimated duration of the trip is not significantly larger than an equivalent taxi ride. However, depending on the time of your arrival and your willingness to look for information at the airport, taxis could provide a more comfortable option.

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CONFERENCE VENUE Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas – UFMG Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha Belo Horizonte – MG 31270-901 The Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) is located in the Pampulha region, at approximately half an hour from downtown Belo Horizonte by taxi (45-50 minutes using public transportation). The seminar will take place at the Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas (FACE), which is located in front of the Dean’s Office building (see the campus map on the opposite page).

If you choose to reach UFMG using public transportation, please follow these instructions: after you walk out of the Promenade Golden Flat building, cross Prudente de Morais avenue and look for the closest bus stop. Climb on the 8101 bus service – tickets cost R$2,85 and can be purchased inside the bus.

Ride the 8101 until you reach SENAI station (watch the electronic monitors inside the bus). At SENAI station, change for either the 51 or the 52 bus services, and continue until you reach UFMG station. The main entrance to the university campus will be right in front of you.

MEALS The registration fee includes a light meal option for lunch on the 20th and 21st. Lunch will be served at the hall right outside of the conference rooms.

The conference dinner will take place on Friday, 8pm, at Xapuri restaurant, which specializes in traditional Minas Gerais cuisine. Tickets should have been purchased at the time of registration. After the Closing Lecture, there will be a shuttle service taking conference participants from UFMG to the restaurant.

Xapuri restaurant (http://www.restaurantexapuri.com.br/index.php/en/) Rua Mandacaru, 260 – Pampulha Belo Horizonte – MG 31370-270 +55 31 3496 6198 9

IN CASE OF EMERGENCY Alexandre Mendes Cunha (+55 31 9277 2420) Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak (+55 31 9242 7575)

UFMG - Campus Map

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Faculdade de Ci锚ncias Econ么micas - Conference Venue

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PROGRAM AT A GLANCE

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Wednesday, November 19th 11:30 AM to On-Site Registration 4:30 PM 2:00 to 3:30 PM Parallel Sessions A1: IPEAD Special Session - Foreign Influences in Latin American Economic Thought A2: Theorizing Economic Behavior in the Early 20th Century A3: Structuralism and Neoliberalism in Latin America 3:30 to 4:00 PM Coffee Break 4:00 to 5:30 PM Parallel Sessions B1: INET Special Session - Theorizing Underdevelopment B2: Methodological Issues in the History of Economics B3: Economic Thought in 19th-Century Brazil 5:45 to 6:15 PM Welcome Address 6:15 to 7:45 PM Opening Lecture “The evolution of CEPAL thinking: structuralism and neostructuralism (1949-2014)” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Keynote speaker: Ricardo Bielschowsky (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) Chair: Maria Cristina Marcuzzo (Università di Roma “La Sapienza”) 7:45 to 8:45 PM Welcome cocktail 9:00 to 10:00 AM 10:00 to 10:30 AM

Business Meeting Conference Room 1 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Coffee Break

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Thursday, November 20th 10:30 to 12:30 PM Roundtable “Nationalism and Economic Development in Latin America” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Ana Maria Bianchi (Universidade de São Paulo)

12:30 to 2:00 PM 2:00 to 3:30 PM

3:30 to 4:00 PM 4:00 to 5:30 PM

5:45 to 7:45 PM

Speakers: Joseph Love (University of Illinois) Michele Alacevich (Loyola University Maryland) Mauro Boianovsky (Universidade de Brasília) Lunch Parallel Sessions C1: Inflation and Monetary Theory C2: Models of Social Analysis and Control C3: Historical Materialism C4: Lessons from HET to the Present Coffee Break Parallel Sessions D1: Social Economics and Institutions D2: 20th Century Brazilian Economists D3: Economics and Politics in the 20th Century Roundtable “International Dissemination of Economic Ideas” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Alexandre Mendes Cunha (Cedeplar/UFMG) Speakers: Timothy Hochstrasser (London School of Economics and Political Science) José Luis Cardoso (Universidade de Lisboa) Tamotsu Nischizawa (Teikyo University)

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Friday, November 21st 09:00 to 10:30 AM

10:30 to 11:00 AM 11:00 to 1:00 PM

1:00 to 2:30 PM 2:30 to 4:00 PM

4:00 to 4:30 PM 4:30 to 6:00 PM

From 8:00 PM

Parallel Sessions E1: Historical Methods in Latin American Economics E2: Constructing the History of Economic Thought in Latin America E3: Searching for the Origins of Brazilian Economic Thought E4: State, Institutions, and Economic Development Coffee Break Roundtable “Protectionism and Free Trade in the 19th Century” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak (Cedeplar/UFMG) Speakers: Stephen Meardon (Bowdoin College) Anthony Howe (University of East Anglia) Maurício Coutinho (Universidade Estadual de Campinas) Lunch Parallel Sessions F1: IPEAD Special Session - Economic Development in the Periphery F2: Free Trade, Protectionism, and Economic Development F3: Disciplinary Boundaries F4: Stages of Capitalist Development Coffee Break Closing Lecture “The History of the Political Economy of Public Debt” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Keynote speaker: Nicholas Theocarakis (National University of Athens) Chair: Hugo da Gama Cerqueira (Cedeplar/UFMG) Dinner (Xapuri restaurant) 16

PROGRAM IN DETAIL

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Wednesday, November 19th 11:30 AM to 4:30 PM 2:00 to 3:30 PM

On-Site Registration

Parallel Sessions A1: IPEAD Special Session - Foreign Influences in Latin American Economic Thought Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Maurício Coutinho, Universidade Estadual de Campinas Andrés Álvarez, Universidad de Los Andes “Nineteenth century monetary utopias in Latin America: French liberalism’s influence on Colombian free bankings experiment” (Discussant: Thiago Fontelas Rosado Gambi) Rebeca Gomez Betancourt, Université Lumière Lyon 2, and Matari Pierre Manigat, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México “Edwin Walter Kemmerer and the ‘neo-metalista’ monetary policy in Latin America during the 1920’s: the role of United States investment” (Discussant: Norikazu Takami) Álvaro Grompone Velásquez, Instituto de Estudios Peruanos “The economic redefinition of Peru: the liberal turn through the 1845-54 debates” (Discussant: Claudio Robles) A2: Theorizing Economic Behavior in the Early 20th Century Conference Room 2 (Language: English) Chair: David Dequech, Universidade Estadual de Campinas Maria Cristina Marcuzzo, Università di Roma “La Sapienza” 18

“Consumption and money-making in Keynes: enjoyments of life or morbid instincts?”

(Discussant: José Edwards) Felipe Almeida, Universidade Federal do Paraná “Revisiting Thorstein Veblen’s conspicuous consumer: can the American pragmatist school of philosophy offer more psychological insights?”

(Discussant: Manuel Ramón Souza Luz) Thiago Oliveira, Cedeplar/UFMG, and Alysson Lorenzon Portella, Cedeplar/UFMG “Pre-Synthesis Microfoundations and the Emergence of Walrasian Economics” (Discussant: Jorge Paulo de Araújo) A3: Structuralism and Neoliberalism in Latin America Conference Room 3 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Chair: Juan Pablo Arroyo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Jair do Amaral Filho, CAEN – Universidade Federal do Ceará “Prebisch-Cepal: revisiting the ‘Havana Manifesto’” (Discussant: Ivan Salomão) Pedro Luiz Aprigio, FECAP, and André Roncaglia de Carvalho, IPE-USP / FECAP “Monetary Stability and ECLAC: the heterogeneity of developmental structuralist doctrine of Latin America” (Discussant: Giancarlo Hespanhol) Maria Eugenia Romero Sotelo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México “The creation and development of the neoliberal institutions in Mexico during the twentieth century” (Discussant: Eliana Tadeu Terci) 3:30 to 4:00 PM

Coffee Break 19

2:00 to 3:30 PM

Parallel Sessions B1: INET Special Session - Theorizing Underdevelopment Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Alexandre Mendes Cunha, Cedeplar/UFMG Margarita Fajardo, Princeton University “’Not a Marshall Plan for Latin America’: How International Balance of Payments Crises Made a Regional Network of Expertise, 1953-1956” (Discussant: Rebeca Gomez Betancourt) Claudia Sunna, Università del Salento - Lecce “Development Economists on the Alliance for Progress” (Discussant: Michele Alacevich) Sharmin Khodaiji, Centre for Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University “Dependency, Underdevelopment and the Nation: economic nationalism in late-nineteenth century colonial India” (Discussant: Stephen Meardon) B2: Methodological Issues in the History of Economics Conference Room 2 (Language: English) Chair: Pedro Garcia Duarte, Universidade de São Paulo David Dequech, Universidade Estadual de Campinas “Applying the concept of mainstream economics outside the United States and Europe: the case of Brazil as an example of pluralism” (Discussant: Eduardo Angeli) Fidel Aroche, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México “Wasiliij Leontieff and the Economy as a Circular Flow” (Discussant: Roberto Lampa)

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Rafael Almeida, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - Sorocaba “Economy and Economic Models in History: a performative approach” (Discussant: Felipe Almeida) B3: Economic Thought in 19th-Century Brazil Conference Room 3 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Chair: Jimena Hurtado, Universidad de Los Andes Milena Fernandes de Oliveira, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, and Nelson Cantarino, INSPER / FECAP “D. Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho and the Treaties of Alliance and Trade with Great Britain (1810)” (Discussant: Daniel Cosentino) Thiago Fontelas Rosado Gambi, Universidade Federal de Alfenas “Economic thought in the periphery: an outline of the economic ideas of Joaquim José Rodrigues Torres (1848-1858)” (Discussant: Natalia Tammone) Ivan Salomão, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, and Pedro Dutra Fonseca, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul “Heterodoxy and Industrialization in an Agrarian-Exporting Context: Rui Barbosa’s economic thought” (Discussant: Roberto Simiqueli) 5:45 to 6:15 PM 6:15 to 7:45 PM

Welcome Address

Opening Lecture “The evolution of CEPAL thinking: structuralism and neostructuralism (1949-2014)” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Keynote speaker: Ricardo Bielschowsky (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) Chair: Maria Cristina Marcuzzo (Università di Roma “La Sapienza”)

7:45 to 8:45 PM

Welcome cocktail 21

Thursday, November 20th 9:00 to 10:00 AM

Business Meeting Conference Room 1 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish)

10:00 to 10:30 AM

Coffee Break

10:30 to 12:30 PM

Roundtable “Nationalism and Economic Development in Latin America” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Ana Maria Bianchi (Universidade de São Paulo) Speakers: Joseph Love (University of Illinois) Michele Alacevich (Loyola University Maryland) Mauro Boianovsky (Universidade de Brasília)

12:30 to 2:00 PM 2:00 to 3:30 PM

Lunch

Parallel Sessions C1: Inflation and Monetary Theory Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Rebeca Gomez Betancourt, Université Lumière Lyon 2 André Roncaglia de Carvalho, IPE-USP / FECAP “Inflation inertia and inertial inflation: an historical appraisal of unstable theoretical concepts” (Discussant: Maria Cristina Marcuzzo) Norikazu Takami, Hitotsubashi University “Baffling Inflation: how cost-push inflation theories influenced policy debate in the late-1950s United States” (Discussant: Mauro Boianovsky) 22

Alexandre Andrada, Universidade Federal de Brasília “Understanding Robert Lucas (1967-1981)” (Discussant: Danilo Ramalho da Silva) C2: Models of Social Analysis and Control Conference Room 2 (Language: English) Chair: Emmanoel Boff, Universidade Federal Fluminense Danielle Guizzo, Universidade Federal do Paraná, and Iara Vigo de Lima, Universidade Federal do Paraná “Foucault’s Genealogy of Classical Political Economy and the Contemporary Consequences of Biopolitics” (Discussant: Jérôme Lange) Fernando Ribeiro, INSPER / Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, and Nelson Cantarino, INSPER / FECAP “’Circulation is the principle of life’: medical thought and economic analyses in the work of François Quesnay” (Discussant: Alain Clément) Andrés Estefane, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez “The Numbered City: the beginnings of the Chilean state system” (Discussant: Álvaro Grompone Velásquez) C3: Historical Materialism Conference Room 3 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Chair: João Antonio de Paula, Cedeplar/UFMG Carlos Belchior, Universidade de Brasília, and Andrea Cabello, Universidade de Brasília “The development of economics in Brazil as a byproduct of the economy itself: the Brazilian economics scientific community, now and then” (Discussant: Gustavo Barros) 23

Carla Curty, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro “Classical Political Economy from Karl Marx’s perspective: notes on history of economic thought” (Discussant: João Antonio de Paula) Leonardo Gomes de Deus, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto “Memories from the Underdevelopment: life and death of dependency theory” (Discussant: Jair do Amaral Filho) C4: Lessons from HET to the Present Conference Room 4 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Chair: Roberto Lampa, Università del Salento / Universidad Nacional General Sarmiento Rosa Angela Chieza, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul “The debate between Gudin and Simonsen and the performance of the State in the Administrations of FHC (19952002), Lula (2003-2010) and Dilma (2011-2014) in Brazil“ (Discussant: Antonio Claudio Cerqueira) Lúcio Barbosa, Cedeplar/UFMG, Fabrício Missio, Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul, and Frederico Jayme Jr., Cedeplar/UFMG “The role of exchange rates in Celso Furtado: elements for current debates” (Discussant: Pedro Luiz Aprigio) Juan Pablo Arroyo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México “The economic liberalization of the Mexican and Spanish societies” (Discussant: Leonardo Nunes) 3:30 to 4:00 PM 4:00 to 5:30 PM

Coffee Break

Parallel Sessions D1: Social Economics and Institutions Conference Room 1 (Language: English) 24

Chair: Ana Maria Bianchi, Universidade de São Paulo Jimena Hurtado, Universidad de Los Andes “Jean-Baptiste Say’s Social Economics and the Construction of the 19th Century Liberal Republic in Colombia” (Discussant: Emmanoel Boff) Laura Valladão de Mattos, Universiade de São Paulo “Continuity or Rupture? An analysis of some aspects of social philosophy in the works of J. S. Mill, Alfred Marshall and J. M. Keynes” (Discussant: Maurício Coutinho) Jaques Kerstenetzky, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro “History in Alfred Marshall’s Principles of Economics: back to historical economics?”

(Discussant: Luiz Felipe Bruzzi Curi) D2: 20th Century Brazilian Economists Conference Room 2 (Language: English) Chair: Mauro Boianovsky, Universidade de Brasília

Andrea Cabello, Universidade de Brasília “Curing the Disease and Killing the Enemy Through Language: metaphors and analogies in Mário Henrique Simonsen” (Discussant: Pedro Garcia Duarte) Giancarlo Hespanhol, Universidade de São Paulo, and Alexandre Macchione Saes, Universidade de São Paulo “Delfim Netto and the assimilation of modern economics in Brazil (1950-60)” (Discussant: André Roncaglia de Carvalho) Leonardo Nunes, Universidade Estadual de Campinas “The Economic Development Conception of Roberto Campos” (Discussant: Alexandre Andrada)

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D3: Economics and Politics in the 20th Century Conference Room 2 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Chair: Ramón García Fernández, Universidade Federal do ABC Gustavo Barros, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora “Speech and context: steel-making policy in the first Vargas government (1930-1937)” (Discussant: Carla Curty) Eliana Tadeu Terci, ESALQ/USP, and Jefferson Oliveira Goulart, UNESP “The Constitution of 1988 and the Economic Order” (Discussant: Rosa Angela Chieza) Manuel Ramón Souza Luz, Universidade de São Paulo, and Roberto Simiqueli, Universidade Estadual de Campinas “Counterculture and the Preservation of Archaic Traits: reading the 60s through Veblenian lenses” (Discussant: Danielle Guizzo) 5:45 to 7:45 PM

Roundtable “International Dissemination of Economic Ideas” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Alexandre Mendes Cunha (Cedeplar/UFMG) Speakers: Timothy Hochstrasser (London School of Economics and Political Science) José Luis Cardoso (Universidade de Lisboa) Tamotsu Nischizawa (Teikyo University)

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Friday, November 21st 09:00 to 10:30 AM

Parallel Sessions E1: Historical Methods in Latin American Economics Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Jaques Kerstenetzky, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Mauro Boianovsky, Universidade de Brasília “Between Lévi-Strauss and Braudel: Furtado and the historical-structural method in Latin American political economy” (Discussant: Ana Maria Bianchi) Luiz Felipe Bruzzi Curi, Universidade de São Paulo “History as a way of doing economics: Roberto Simonsen and the diffusion of the German tradition of economic thought in Brazil” (Discussant: Joseph Love) Claudio Robles, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez “A Listian Self-Taught Economist in the Chilean Economic Policy Debate (c. 1860-1880)” (Discussant: Anthony Howe) E2: Constructing the History of Economic Thought in Latin America Conference Room 2 (Language: English) Chair: Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak, Cedeplar/UFMG Pedro Garcia Duarte, Universidade de São Paulo, and Pedro Teixeira, CIPES / FEP – UP “Textbooks in Postwar Economics: Brazil, 1950-1980” (Discussant: Margarita Fajardo)

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Ramón García Fernández, Universidade Federal do ABC, and Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak, Cedeplar/UFMG “Creating Academic Economics in Brazil: the Ford Foundation and the beginnings of ANPEC” (Discussant: Claudia Sunna) José Edwards, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez “Towards a history of economic thought in Chile (1810s-1980s)” (Discussant: Andrés Álvarez) E3: Searching for the Origins of Brazilian Economic Thought Conference Room 3 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Chair: Laura Valladão de Mattos, Universidade de São Paulo

Daniel Cosentino, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto “Parliamentary Debates in Imperial Brazil: notes on Brazilian 19th-century economic thought (1870-1889)” (Discussant: Milena Fernandes de Oliveira) Carla Curty, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Maria Malta, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, and Bruno Borja, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro “Interpreters of Brazil: influences at the origin of Brazilian economic thought” (Discussant: Thiago Alves Dias) Natalia Tammone, Universidade de São Paulo, and Thiago Alves Dias, Universidade de São Paulo “Colonization and Portuguese economic thought: from the Old Colonial System to New Brazil” (Discussant: Nelson Cantarino) E4: State, Institutions, and Economic Development Conference Room 4 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Chair: Felipe Almeida, Universidade Federal do Paraná 28

Eduardo Angeli, Universidade Federal do Paraná “The institutionalism of F. A. Hayek: an analysis of Hayekian institutional concepts” (Discussant: Rafael Almeida) Lucas Finamor, Universidade de São Paulo “From benevolent paternalism to political economics: a methodological discussion of the schools of public economics” (Discussant: Andrea Cabello) Danilo Freitas Ramalho da Silva, Universidade Federal do ABC “The construction of the theoretical object of economic development theories” (Discussant: Conrado Krivochein) 10:30 to 11:00 AM 11:00 to 1:00 PM

Coffee Break

Roundtable “Protectionism and Free Trade in the 19th Century” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak (Cedeplar/UFMG) Speakers: Stephen Meardon (Bowdoin College) Anthony Howe (University of East Anglia) Maurício Coutinho (Universidade Estadual de Campinas)

1:00 to 2:30 PM 2:30 to 4:00 PM

Lunch

Parallel Sessions F1: IPEAD Special Session - Economic Development in the Periphery Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Chair: Claudia Sunna, Università del Salento - Lecce 29

Davide Gualerzi, Università di Padova “Underdevelopment, backwardness and catching-up: on the notion of unbalanced growth” (Discussant: Gustavo Britto) Rustem Nureev, Financial University under the Russian Government “Development Economics: neoinstitutional approach of Hernando de Soto” (Discussant: Maria Eugenia Romero Sotelo) Roberto Lampa, Università del Salento / Universidad Nacional General Sarmiento “Anarchic accumulation, un-effective demand and institutional constraints: Oskar Lange’s analysis of peripheral capitalism” (Discussant: Davide Gualerzi) F2: Free Trade, Protectionism, and Economic Development Conference Room 2 (Language: English) Chair: José Luis Cardoso, Universidade de Lisboa

Alain Clément, University of Tours and LEO - NRS Mixed Research Unit 7322 “The issue of the colonies in the first half of the 18th century in Great Britain” (Discussant: Timothy Hochstrasser) Maurício Coutinho, Universidade Estadual de Campinas “Silva Lisboa on slave labor: tropical plantation under the scrutiny of political economy” (Discussant: José Luis Cardoso) Jérôme Lange, Université Paris Descartes “Positive Feedback in Adam Smith’s Theory of Economic Development: how ‘primitive’ is ‘primitive accumulation’?”

(Discussant: Jimena Hurtado) 30

F3: Disciplinary Boundaries Conference Room 3 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Chair: Danilo Ramalho da Silva, Universidade Federal do ABC Fernando Cotelo, EESP – FGV, Bruno Herrman, Cedeplar/ UFMG, and Sergio Goldbaum, EESP - FGV “The controversy NEG x PEG: a methodological dispute in the field of economic geography” (Discussant: David Dequech) Rodrigo Leite Kremer, Universidade Federal do Paraná / FESP, and Jorge Paulo de Araújo, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul “Leonid Kantorovich and the development of mathematical economics in the Soviet Union” (Discussant: Thiago Oliveira) Conrado Krivochein, Universidade Federal da Bahia, and Emmanoel Boff, Universidade Federal Fluminense “What do thinkers of economics think in Brazil? An empirical study about the production in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology in Brazil from 2004-2013” (Discussant: Ramón García Fernández) F4: Stages of Capitalist Development Conference Room 4 (Language: Portuguese/Spanish) Chair: Nelson Mendes Cantarino, INSPER / FECAP Marcelo Bandeira de Mello Filho, Cedeplar/UFMG “Imperialism, Monopoly Capitalism and Stages of Capitalism” (Discussant: Leonardo Gomes de Deus) Antonio Claudio Cerqueira, Cedeplar/UFMG “The internal consistency in Smith’s work: the emerging commercial society as a natural way of reconciling self-interest and greed with social justice and peace” (Discussant: Lucas Finamor) 31

Germán Chaparro, Universidad Central, Colombia “Caio Prado Júnior and Luis Eduardo Nieto Arteta: pioneering interpretations of the economic histories of Brazil and Colombia” (Discussant: Andrés Estefane) 4:00 to 4:30 PM

4:30 to 6:00 PM

Coffee Break

Closing Lecture “The History of the Political Economy of Public Debt” Conference Room 1 (Language: English) Keynote speaker: Nicholas Theocarakis (National University of Athens) Chair: Hugo da Gama Cerqueira (Cedeplar/UFMG)

From 8:00 PM

Dinner (Xapuri restaurant)

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ABSTRACTS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER OF AUTHOR SURNAME (SESSION CODE GIVEN AFTER NAME)

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Felipe Almeida [A2] Universidade Federal do Paraná Revisiting Thorstein Veblen’s ‘The Theory of the Leisure Class’: following the pragmatic philosophy to understand the conspicuous consumer’s decision-making Thorstein Veblen was a founding father of the original, or old, institutional economics. The social and evolutionary usage of things and thoughts are at the center of Veblen’s approach. Veblen’s first book, The Theory of the Leisure Class, was published in 1899 and introduced economists to a novel way of analyzing consumers’ decision-making.

Influenced by American pragmatist philosophy, Veblen developed a decision-making approach thatrelied on an evolutionary perspective of institutions as a generalization of habits. In doing so, Veblen stressed his unconventional framework for the analysis of consumers’ decision-making. However, it can be argued that there is place to clarify or enrich the Veblenian approach to consumers’ decision-making.

In order to clarify or enrich the Veblenian perspective on individual consumers’ decision-making and to preserve Veblen’s methodology, we consider a reinterpretation of Veblen’s conspicuous consumer in terms of the theories held by the American pragmatists Charles Peirce, John Dewey, and William James, since it is widely recognized that some insights in Veblen’s theory rely on the American pragmatist school of philosophy.

Rafael Galvão de Almeida [B2] Universidade Federal de São Carlos - Sorocaba Economy and Economic Models in History: A Performative Approach This paper aims to study the role that econometric models had in the history of economics. Using the performativity approach, we conduct a study on the role of econometrics in the economic theory in the eco34

nomic system (the distinction between Economics and Economy). In the introduction we call the attention to the fact that there have been controversy on the role that the economists play in the economy, however we believe that the controversy that surround the “Growth in Time of Debt�, which crossed the boundaries of the academy, was enough to show that economists and their models have a power of influence that they might not be fully aware of, along with their models. The first section we explore Gerald Faulhaber and William Baumol’s theory that economists can be seen not only as scientists describing the economic reality but the economist can be an inventor as well, capable of introducing innovations in economics that can modify the economy.

However, they did not continue studies in this area, their paper of 1988 remains an one-shot. Thus, studies concerning the role of economists in the economy emerged from other field, the studies on performativity of language, by J. L. Austin. His theory of language blurred the separation between subject and object by attributing a performative role to the language. However, his theory needed to be modified in order to fit to the social sciences. The French sociologist Michel Callon was the first to adapt it to the economics, in order to study the marketplace, a concept relatively not explored by modern economic theory. Donald MacKenzie also elaborated the concept, to explain the effect of the Black-Scholes model in the financial market. He elaborated three levels of performativity: the generic (description), the effective (the theory shows influence in the economy), the barnesian (the theory performs the economy, making the results observed in the economy to resemble the ones predicted by the theory). However, he mentioned the effect may not be observed sometimes. And thus, after explaining how performativity works, we use it to analyze the history of economics, the history of econometric models. The econometric models have been present in public economics ever since the Second World War, being a tool from which policymakers can influence policy, according to their underlying theories. We conclude that economists should become aware of the influence of their ideas in reality, as history of economics shows.

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Andrés Álvarez [A1] Universidad de Los Andes Nineteenth century monetary utopias in Latin-America: French liberalism’s influence on Colombian free banking experiment The second half of the 19th century was a decisive period for the consolidation of Latin-American political and economic systems. In the 1860s, around half a century after its independence from Spanish Crown, Colombia has not yet developed a banking system and its monetary system was chaotic and weak. At the end of one of the numerous civil wars the radical liberals ideas took over and ruled the country implementing federalist and economic liberal ideas. As a solution for the monetary problems radicals proposed a monetary and banking architecture on the basis of a free-banking system. The theoretical justification of this institutional construct found its inspiration in French liberalism. The so-called group of Économistes. A central figure concerning banking and monetary questions within this group was Courcelle-Seneuil. He worked for the Chilean government as the first “money-doctor” during 1855-1863. This Chilean experience served as an example encouraging Colombian liberals to propose following the same route. This paper critically retraces the content of the economic arguments advanced by Colombian liberal thinkers and shows how the evolution of its banking system reflects Courcelle-Seneuil’s entrepreneurial conceptions. We show how this experience molded a banking system biased toward fiduciary-money issuing and with a limited capacity to finance long-run investment.

Furthermore the country postponed the debate about the role of monetary policy until the second decade of the 20th century.

Jair do Amaral Filho [A3] CAEN – Universidade Federal do Ceará 36

Prebisch-Cepal: revisiting the “Havana Manifesto” The return to the seminal theses ECLAC has become a mandatory exercise for those who need to study and understand current issues in Latin America. The purpose of this text is to make a reflective return to the primórdios of the theory of economic development ECLAC, taking as a reference the work written by Raúl Prebisch Introduction to Latin America Economic Survey, 1949, or, as it became known, the “Latin American Manifesto” or simply, “Manifesto of Havana.” The specific objective is to seek to identify and recover the structure, the lines of central ideas and arguments contained in the Manifesto, considered the cornerstone of the creation of the Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLAC. This text is divided into two parts. The first analyses the aspect of the drivingforce of the Manifesto and the second part examines four theses or lines of ideas, privileged by Prebisch in the Manifesto of Havana.

Alexandre F. S. Andrada [C1] Universidade de Brasília Understanding Robert Lucas (1967-1981) This paper analyzes Robert Lucas’ contribution to economic theory between 1967 (year of his first solo publication) and 1981 (the year before the emergence of Real Business Cycle approach). The paper has two parts. In the first one, we do a citation analysis, using data from four different sources: Google Scholar, Web of Science, IDEAS RePEc and Jstor. With this data, we answer two questions: what is Lucas most influential papers nowadays? And how this influence changed over the time? We show, for instance, that according to three of those four sources, Lucas’ most influential paper today is not from his business cycle research agenda, which gave him his Nobel Prize. Moreover, it is clear the loss of influence of Lucas’ macroeconomic theory since early 37

1980s. In the second part, we construct a ranking with the papers Lucas most often used as reference in his paper, and we separate those reference in ‘positive’ and ‘negative’. We show that the author that Lucas most cited in a positive context were John Muth, Milton Friedman and Edmund Phelps. The authors more often cited in a negative context are John M. Keynes and A. W. Phillips. We discuss the reasons behind this data.

Eduardo Angeli [E4] Universidade Federal do Paraná The institutionalism of F. A. Hayek: an analysis of Hayekian institutional concepts The paper aims to contribute with the comprehension of F. A. Hayek‟s institutional thought.

For that, it proposes an explanation and an analytical classification of some of institutional categories that Hayek used in his works: rules, order, law, and legislation. Furthermore, it is showed the role played by institutions in Hayek‟s intellectual agenda.

Pedro Luiz Aprigio & André Roncaglia de Carvalho [A3] FECAP & IPE-USP / FECAP Monetary Stability and ECLAC: The Heterogeneity of Developmental Structuralist Doctrine of Latin America The paper evaluates the assumption of a homogeneous theory of monetary stabilization in early Latin American structuralist economics. Starting in the 1950s, the growing and continuous inflationary problem in the region was seen as a result of bottlenecks within the productive structure. The novel and original theory of inflation was 38

put forth by Juan Noyola Vazquez, Osvaldo Sunkel and Celso Furtado, as well as Raúl Prebisch’s take on the problem. According to Cepal’s seminal approach, structural imbalances lead to unbalanced adjustment of relative prices, which trigger distributive conflicts among societal groups seeking to defend their relative share in real income. The ensuing pressure on the price level fuels demand for money. Seeking to avoid the strains of a liquidity crisis, monetary authorities have no alternative but to accommodate such increased demand; hence the Cepal’s notorious postulate of endogenous money. However, the channels that transmit such imbalancesonto prices are framed quite distinctly amongst the aforementioned writers, with implications regarding their policy suggestions. Two aspects stand out. First, a certain level of methodological flexibility that engendered a fragmented (or discontinuous) theoretical framework of analysis. Second, the notion that inflation was part of the process of economic development.

Thus, the early structuralist concept of “structural inflationary pressures” seemed to rationalize and justify the widely Latin American authorities’ perceived “structural proneness to inflation”, widely supported by the financing of public deficits by way of primary emission.

The combination of both elements unveiled an analytical deficiency within Cepal’s theory of monetary stabilization. As a result, there arose a tension between Prebisch’sanglo-saxonkeynesian view and the emerging theory held by Sunkel, Noyola and Furtado. The paper traces the nature of such disparities and the extent to which they impaired the constitution of a unique theoretical corpus on matters of stabilization. Curiously, this topic has been systematically overlooked by the literature. Its appreciation throws light on how heterodox ideas have been historically welcome in the region, enjoying a much wider academic space than the one found by these ideas in industrialized countries’ academia.

Fidel Aroche Reyes [B2] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

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Wassiliij Leontieff’s “The Economy as a Circular Flow” This paper discusses the Doctoral Thesis that Wassiliij Leontieff (sic.) presented at the Friederich Wilheim University of Berlin in 1928. Many authors have linked Leontief’s work to general equilibrium, there are also those who argue that his models are of classical nature; moreover, it has been discussed that Leontief’s work is motivated by concerns raised by the Balance of the Soviet economy published in 1925.

In those regards it is interesting to consider Leontieff’s thesis (1928) as a point of departure to his later work and revise his theoretical background. The author combines diverse theories, but avoids confronting them, in order to build a useful and original framework to explain a model of circular flow.

Juan Pablo Arroyo [C4] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México The economic liberalization of the Mexican and Spanish societies Mexico and in Spain went through a structural adjustment to build an open and market economy during the last third of the twentieth century and the first decade of the twenty first century. The processes in both countries had the intention to incorporate economies to the globalization of production, trade and financial system based on the free market. However, in both countries the application context of structural adjustment is different from a political perspective by the context in which society evolves, the purpose of this paper is to make a comparison of similar processes in the structural change in the behavior of liberalization economy. In Mexico the change started from the debt crisis in 1982 and the change in conditions of implementation of economic policy in a political process. In the years 2012 and 2013 the Mexican Congress approved structural reforms that strengthened the way the free market and reduced government in the economy. The labor reform, financial reform, education 40

reform and energy reform were a set of changes designedto deepen liberalism in Mexican society. In Spain this goes in the context of the transition to democracy after attempts autocratic government of Francisco Franco, trying to modernize, is applying measures of economic liberalization and modernization but without changing the character of the state government and a vertical authoritarian, that industrialization and tried enabling closer links with Europe. It was only after the transition to democracy and the necessary restructuring of character state changes in depth from the agreement of “La Moncloa” be performed, the change in economic policy that this leads to an acceptance of the free market is developed. This paper focuses on both the principles of economic policy promoted by the IMF and that supported NAFTA, and the similarities with the new economic policy of the social market economy, promoting a shift in the theoretical underpinnings of driving economy in Europe. This debate and political decisions represent the substitution of one form of state intervention in economic thought by the gradual reduction of government in the economy.

Lúcio Otávio S. Barbosa, Fabricio Missio & Frederico Jayme Jr. [C4] Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul & Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais The role of exchange rates in Celso Furtado: elements for current debates The aim of this paper is to show that the debate on the effects of exchange rate policy on growth is not new among Brazilian economists.

In order to do so, on one hand, we present the discussion made by Celso Furtado, when he wrote Economic Formation of Brazil. On the other hand, we present a critique of contemporary Balance of Payments Constrained Growth (BPCG) models. Although this literature is aligned with Furtado analysis, it does not include the debate about political economy in its framework. Afterward, we show a related discussion done by Sachs (1995). The concluding remarks points out some direc41

tions whichshed some light on the current discussion about growth and exchange rate relation.

Gustavo Barros [D3] Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Speech and context: steel-making policy in the first Vargas government (1930-1937) In February 1931, GetĂşlio Vargas delivered a well known speech in Belo Horizonte and made then one of his most important public interventions in the Brazilian steel-making debate. This speech made fortune in the historiography, above all for its incisive statement in favor of a national steel-making industry and, by extension, of industry in general, few months after the Revolution of 1930. We discuss and interpret here this speech, alongside with a comparison between what was defended in the speech and the steel-making policy which effectively followed it along the first Vargas government, but before the Estado Novo. We try to understand the reasons which led Vargas to state what he did about the steel-making problem, at that moment in Belo Horizonte, based on the history of the debate until then, on the position which the state of Minas Gerais occupied in it and on other propositions made by Vargas on the same occasion. Regarding the steel-making policy actually implemented by the government after the speech, we conclude that, if it was not nonexistent, we must at least consider it as disappointing, if compared to the expectations which the vehemence of his 1931 speech could give rise to.

Carlos Alberto Belchior & Andrea Cabello [C3] Universidade de BrasĂ­lia The development of economics in Brazil as a byproduct of the economy itself: the Brazilian Economics Scientific Community, Now and Then 42

The establishment of a discipline in a foreign country has, at least, two dimensions: research and practice. The establishment of Economics in Brazil happened later than in other countries. In this paper we analyze the evolution of the Brazilian Economics scientific community since its origins in the nineteenth-century until its current situation, considering the role of the economy, demand factors such as the government need for skilled professionals and supply factors such as the availability of Professors and resources. We discuss whether this process was able to generate a well-established community with relevant research of high impact in the world.

Rebeca Gomez Betancourt & Matari Pierre Manigat [A1] Université Lumière Lyon 2, Triangle-ISH & Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México Edwin Walter Kemmerer and the “neo-metalista” monetary policy in Latin America during the 1920’s: the role of United States investment In this article we analyze the role played by the boom of United States investments in Latin America in determining monetary policies in Latin America during the twenties. We particularly study the Andean countries (Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru), in which Edwin Walter Kemmerer intervened establishing their Central Banks. For this purpose, we consider the characteristics of monetary relations development in these economies during the primary export era (1850-1930).

Until the creation of central banks, the debate between metalistas and papelistas dominated monetary policy controversies. This opposition summarizes contradictory views on gold standard and inflation by the ruling classes in Latin America. With the formation of central banks, monetary policies looked for the stabilization of the external value of local currencies. We consider Latin-American monetary policy in the Twenties as neo-metalista appearing in a diaphanous form in the Andean countries.

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Mauro Boianovsky [E1] Universidade de Brasília Between Lévi-Strauss and Braudel: Furtado and the Historical-Structural Method in Latin American Political Economy The methodology of Latin American economic structuralism has been generally interpreted as an implicit extension of classic French structuralism of Claude Lévi-Strauss and others, without careful examination of the methodological pronouncements of Latin American economists and social scientists. The present paper provides a detailed treatment of how Latin American structuralist methodology was formed between the 1950s and 1970s, with emphasis on Celso Furtado’s views. Furtado was influenced by both C. Lévi-Strauss’s and F. Braudel’s apparently incompatible approaches to structure and history. Furtado’s suggested combination of structure and history was based on the use of economic models to interpret successive historical structures, plus the development of the notion of creativity as a link between structures and processes. It differed in some important aspects from the “historical-structural method” usually associated with other Latin American authors such as Sunkel, and Cardoso & Faletto, built on existentialism and dialectics.

Luiz Felipe Bruzzi Curi [E1] Universidade de São Paulo History as a way of doing economics: Roberto Simonsen and the diffusion of the German tradition of economic thought in Brazil This study deals with the diffusion of German economic thought in the works of the Brazilian economist and economic historian Roberto Simonsen (1889-1948). It has a threefold purpose: to show that German economic ideas were present in early 20th-century Brazil; to investigate the ideological and methodological affinities that are associated 44

with this diffusion; and to deepen the understanding of the economic ideas of Roberto Simonsen, by means of the influences of German ideas on his thought. In addition to Roberto Simonsen, the authors more carefully analyzed here are Karl Rodbertus, Gustav Schmoller and Adolph Wagner. These thinkers, in their different contexts, were concerned with the constitution of a national economy, hence the specificites of the historical development of economies were central to them.

Andrea Cabello & André Santos [D2] Universidade de Brasília Curing the Disease and Killing the Enemy Through Language: metaphors and analogies in Mário Henrique Simonsen Rhetoric studies have been emphasizing the importance of metaphors and analogies in discourse in Economics for some time. However, in Brazil, although the use of these literary instruments is very common and the discussion of rhetoric in Economics is somewhat spread in methodological circles, few studies have focused on the types of metaphors Brazilian economists have used to describe the events they study. From the description of inflation as a dragon to be fought or a disease to be cured by a “tratamento de choque” (a cold turkey policy – another metaphor in itself, which shows that translation is not always faithful), the analysis of metaphors brings out the fact that some ideas are universal while some are very specific to a time and space. This paper aims to analyze the metaphors and analogies chosen by Mario Henrique Simonsen, as he was one of the most important Brazilian economist in the second half of the Twentieth Century and a frequent user of literary instruments and how this influenced the language of the debate on many issues during that period. Part of the argument is to show that the choice of language also had impacts over what type of policies were seen as adequate.

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André Roncaglia de Carvalho [C1] Universidade de São Paulo Inflation inertia and inertial inflation: an historical appraisal of unstable theoretical concepts The paper entertains the hypothesis that the decline of Latin American-based inertial inflation theory was largely due to the instability in its theoretical communication. Starting in the 1950s, various traditions in economic thought purported to explain the concept of “inflation inertia”. Not only quite distinct meanings were ascribed to the term “inertia”, but also different narratives implied rather conflicting policy implications. The paper outlines the critical junctures at which such conflicts in theoretical parlance were smoothed out by the common goal of curbing the self-sustaining thrust of inflation in the region.

Contributions by Celso Furtado, M.H. Simonsen, Julio Olivera and James Tobin are evaluated as points of departure from the typically discursive Latin-American structuralist mode of exposition. These authors strived to fit the core novelties of the inertial inflation theory into either mathematical formulations or conceptual frameworks more in tandem with then contemporaneous developments in macroeconomic theory. They did so whilst maintaining the key features of the CEPAL approach, namely, the presence of distributional conflicts and local institutional details such as wage and price indexation and balance of payments constraints. Paradoxically, by bridging the communication gap with the North-American developments, these authors helped to unveil the shortcomings of the Latin-American tradition in two crucial dimensions. First, the prominent policy-oriented nature of such debates led to association of this emerging approach to the sequence of failed heterodox stabilization plans in the 1980s. The second aspect refers to the debunking of the concept of inertia from its central position in the debates in the region in the late 1980s. Out right defense of the theory gave way to a massive exodus of several of its claimants towards the ongoing new neoclassical synthesis. The inertial inflation theory was thus gradually stripped of its previous substance and form, as it seemed not to fit the micro-foundations revolution that gained momentum in the 1980s.

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Antonio Claudio Cerqueira [F4] Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais The internal consistency in Smith’s work: the emerging Commercial Society, based on division of labor and trade, as a natural way of reconciling self-interest and greed with Social Justice and Peace It is discussed the connections, in Smith’s work, between the ethical conceptions in ‘Theory of Moral Sentiments’ with the economic conceptions in ‘Wealth of Nations’. The first is based on Sympathy, concept behind the inspiration for mankind living in harmony, but that also generates an inclination of obtain wealth and prosperity as preferential way of gaining social admiration, which if not properly directed can cause disorder and ruptures as evidenced by several nations at time. It is proposed that Smith, testifying the capacity of wealth creation of the emerging capitalism, based on increasing division of labor and in an intense trade, has produced ‘Wealth of Nations’ for sustain, consistent with his early thought, the ability of the Commercial Society in diminish the latent social conflict by allowing to the ordinary individual to search for material progress for approval by the others, in a harmonious way with Justice and Social Peace.

Germán Raúl Chaparro [F4] Universidad Central, Colombia Caio Prado Júnior and Luis Eduardo Nieto Arteta: pioneering interpretations of the economic histories of Brazil and Colombia Since the 1930s the Latin American reality promoted the modernization of historical studies. The social and economic changes of the time projected new problems and demonstrated the presence of unknown actors; this raised the need to rethink the national past. The process of industrialization changed the social structure and institutions in the traditional system of power, social structure and economic system were very different from what they had been in the nineteenth cen47

tury, yet still dependent on the export of a few primary commodities, mainly coffee, both in Brazil and Colombia, and the state is mainly financed by taxes on foreign trade. This period coincides with an influx of Marxist thought to analyze national history. The works of Luis Eduardo Nieto Arteta in Colombia, Alfonso Teja Zabre in Mexico, Rodolfo Puiggrós in Argentina and Caio Prado Jr. in Brazil questioned the history. The paper proposes to focus on two pioneering authors in the use of Marxist approach in the interpretation of the economic histories of Brazil and Colombia; they are Caio Prado Júnior and Luis Eduardo Nieto Arteta, respectively. The selected authors have in common that have had great influence on subsequent generations, combined their intellectual activity with the political activism of left movements, adopted Marxism as a method of research and social and political criticism, their interpretations of economic history were revolutionary in their time, were the first to apply the Marxist interpretive framework to their national histories. Both are men of an era that witnessed the renewal of social studies, and his most notable contribution was the overcoming of traditional history in the field of economic history, allowing a change of direction from erudition to interpretation.

Rosa Angela Chieza & Alexandre de Queiroz Stein [C4] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul The debate between Gudin and Simonsen and the performance of the State in the Administrations of FHC (1995-2002), Lula (2003-2010) and Dilma (2011-2014) in Brazil This article aims to analyze the performance of the Brazilian State in the administrations of Fernando Henrique Cardoso-FHC (1995-2002), Luis Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2014) through the lens of the theoretical debate held in the 1940s between two major Brazilian intellectuals of the twentieth century: Roberto Simonsen (1889-1948) and Eugênio Gudin (1886-1986). Simonsen was a defender of economic planning and saw industrialization as an alter48

native for the rising level of income and the improvement in the standard of living of the Brazilian population. Gudin argued that Brazil did not need a plan, but it rather needed agricultural productivity and free market. Their sequence of publications on planning brought about what has been conventionally called in the Brazilian History of Economic Thought as “The Planning Controversy in the Brazilian Economy between Roberto Simonsen and Eugênio Gudin”. The controversy set in Brazil in 1944 and 1945 remains, and it is currently connected to a fundamental conflict of the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century that is the transition from a market economy with principles of laissez faire, known features of the FHC government, to a model with State coordination, especially from the second term of the Lula government onwards.

Alain Clément [F2] University of Tours and LEO - NRS Mixed Research Unit 7322 The issue of the colonies in the first half of the 18th century in Great Britain Toward the end of the 17th century, a twofold debate took place in England during economic discussions of trade, foreign trade and the colonies. The first aspect concerned opening up to the colonial markets, often likened to the “quarrel with chintz” (the lengthy French ban on chintz production and importation). This quarrel was the expression of a dual concern, for the balance of trade and for jobs. A related debate posed the question of whether to open that trade up to one and all, or to reserve it for companies with monopolies, particularly the West India Company. The second great debate was a less obvious one, because it was more a matter of isolated stances than actual confrontations, and concerned the question of whether or not to have colonies at all (Clément 2006). All of these confrontations were a reflection of a split between two currents of economic thought: a mercantilistic current, openly in favor of protectionism, but divided as to the role of the companies, while the other, which traceable back to Petty, adopted a 49

position in favor of opening the domestic market to colonial products, going so far as to reject all colonial policy then in place and oppose all forms of colonization. The first three decades of the 18th century marked a new stage in these debates, even if the dividing line did not entirely tally with Hutchison’s distinction between mercantilists and natural-law philosophers, between the pamphleteers directly involved in colonial trade and leaders the likes of Law and Berkeley (Hutchison 1988). The points of opposition were minor, mainly situated within the very core of mercantilist thought. However, a few authors, like Henri Martin and Isaac Gervaise, served as rare spokesmen for anti-protectionism. In reality, the debates often reflected the contradictory championing of various economic interests (Armitage 2000), rather than any defense of a global British Empire at the service of England. Beginning in the 1740s and running through 1765, the questions of colonial trade and the colonies were addressed from increasingly “liberal” points of view, prefiguring the new conceptions of the colonies centered around Adam Smith (Winch 1965; Clément 2014). A more critical approach to the economic ideas of that period came to light with the publication of work by Townsend (1751), Wallace (1753) and, on the subject of the colonies, Decker (1744), pre-cursors to Tucker’s liberal approach. This period also corresponds to the circulation of several English versions of Jérôme Savary’s Universal Dictionary of Trade and Commerce (Dictionnaire universel de commerce), reworked by Malachy Postlethwayt and Richard Rolt and published between 1751 and 1766 (Perrot 1992). Although the contents of the English version of the dictionary remained largely mercantilistic in nature, the text still exerted a substantial influence until the publication of The Wealth of Nations. After very briefly retracing the main stages and economic and geographic features of the burgeoning colonial empire (Part 1), this paper will then present the debates that occurred between 1700 and 1740 (Part 2), differentiating between analyses of settlement colonies, the purpose of which was the to exploit and develop the Americas to the benefit of the British nation, and analyses of trading post colonies, which assessments focused more on foreign trade issues than the colonies themselves. But as much as settlement colonies were perceived as enriching the home country, trading post colonies (over and above 50

any partisan interests) were held as responsible for the decline of the British economy. Finally (Part 3), this paper will analyze the evolution of this colonial thought, as embodied by a new generation of economists, heralds of Smithian conceptions of the colonies. Mercantilist thought, however, continued to resonate, driven by the circulation of the various augmented and revised translations and editions of the Savary Brothers’ Dictionary of Trade and Commerce.

Daniel do Val Cosentino [E3] Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Parliamentary Debates in Imperial Brazil: notes on Brazilian 19th-century economic thought (1870-1889) Most studies on Brazilian economic thought approach the twentieth century, especially the debate about economic development. Nevertheless, there is a literature that addresses the question to the nineteenth century. This paper discusses the Brazilian economic thought in the nineteenth century from parliamentary speeches between 1870 and 1889. In the Brazilian imperial parliament several issues related to the Brazilian economy were discussed. From the speeches we can see the theoretical influences that guided the discussion, dissemination of economic thought in the country, as well as how these issues were adapted to national realities. In this paper we intend to present an opening balance of our research in parliamentary speeches of the Brazilian imperial Senate. Thus we synthesized the debate and economic issues held by the senators in their speech and show how we can see from the same theoretical influences and adaptation of ideas to the Brazilian reality.

Fernando Cardoso Cotelo, Bruno Martins Hermann & Sergio Goldbaum [F3] 51

EESP – Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais & EESP – Fundação Getúlio Vargas The controversy NEG x PEG: a methodological dispute in the field of economic geography This paper explores the controversy between the New Economic Geography and the Economic Geography Proper. From the 1990s on, the so called “geographical turn” in economics meant the colonization of a disciplinary field until then dominated by geographers: the field of study of uneven development of economic activity in space. We hypothesize here that the dispute between economists and geographers for the disciplinary field of Geographical Economics is exposed in a methodological instance. In the last two decades there has been a movement toward cooperation and learning with one another, but that cooperation did not happen in the methodological field.

Maurício C. Coutinho [F2] Universidade Estadual de Campinas Silva Lisboa on Free Trade and Slave Labor: the fate of liberalism in a colonial country José da Silva Lisboa (1756-1835), the Luso-Brazilian writer and public official acknowledged as one of the first introducers of liberal political economy in Portugal and Brazil, is well known for his defense of the superiority of unconstrained labor. However, and facing the realities of Brazilian economy, Lisboa couldn’t evade the crucial free labor versus slave labor question. In this respect, it may be argued that he kept a double standard: while arguing the superiority of free labor, he conceded the necessity of admitting slave labor in tropical plantation.

In supporting free labor Lisboa appealed to the authority of acknowledged liberal economists, but it should be noted that he didn’t fail in gathering ‘theoretical’ economic arguments in defense of slave labor.

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The paper aims at revising Lisboa’s arguments in defense of free labor, as well as in the admission of slave labor, stressing: 1. The political economy apparatus (writers and arguments) referred to in Lisboa’s defense of free labor; 2. The uses and abuses of economic reasoning, in such a difficult task as defending free labor, while admitting slave labor; 3. the decisive character of the slave labor question in 19th century ‘liberal’ political economic, as transposed to periphery.

Carla Curty, Maria Malta & Bruno Borja [E3] LEMA – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Interpreters of Brazil: influences at the origin of Brazilian economic thought The study of the history of thought through historical materialism implies the perception of political disputes and different worldviews behind the theoretical positions that oppose each specific controversy.

Arising from a specific problem in their particular historical context, the controversies in its development allow the researcher to capture the historicity and the processivity of certain thought. Ie, the historical development of the thought expressed in the author’s works, with their sources, their inflections and their own summaries developed over time – without taking it as something closed and finished, impassive of change. Regarding the history of Brazilian economic thought, we can indicate two foundational historical moments referred to concrete problems that put the Brazilian society in a critical position in relation to its own situation and cause a Brazilian thought developed starting from the reflection on its social status and its historical formation process. These moments are, in the late nineteenth century, the abolition of slavery, undermining the foundations of the political form of the Empire and, in the early twentieth century, the historical transition of Brazil, from an agricultural exporting (based on plantations) country to an urban-industrial country, with the reference point the 1930’s. To discover the meaning of Brazil was something so strong in 53

the social thought of these times that the economic, political and artistic expressions were marked by this issue, without necessarily seeking a nationalist or xenophobic reference, although in some cases it goes through them. These periods were marked by a profusion of attempts to give an autonomous meaning to the sociability that functioned within the boundaries of what was understood as Brazil. Thus, our goal in this paper is to recover in the thoughts of the interpreters of Brazil, in the two periods mentioned, elements of the configuration of the Brazilian economic and social structures that gain centrality in their views about Brazil and influence the origin of Brazilian economic thought.

Carla Curty [C3] LEMA – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Classical political economy from Karl Marx’s perspective: notes on history of economic thought One very important aspect of Karl Marx’s work and his dialectical, historical and materialist method is his analysis in the field of the history of economic thought (HET), however, this aspect of his work is little debated and not much widespread. Following the notion developed

by Vladmir Lenin in his famous text “The Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism” (2006 [1913]), it is considered that Marx’s thought was constructed based on three sources – German philosophy, French socialism and English political economy. Marx’s constant critical dialogue with these three fields permeates all his work and is fundamental to the construction of his own theories. This paper has its attention turned to the issue of the analysis of classical (English) political economy in Marx’s work. From Marx’s contact with Friedrich Engels’s work entitled “Outline of a Critique of Political Economy” (published in the first and only edition of “Annals Franco-German (Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher)”, February, 1844), Marx’s reflections on the subject of political economy intensified and became one of the major components of his analysis and criticism. Among Marx’s 54

major works in the critique of political economy, the work which might bring greater contributions to the analysis of Marx’s history of economic thought is “Theories of Surplus Value”, perhaps one of his least disseminated and studied works. This work’s poor acquaintance and sparse distribution has several possible reasons, many of them linked to the way this work reaches publication, as will be revealed throughout the paper. In this sense, a study on the analysis in the field of the history of economic thought held by Karl Marx involves the study of his works around the object of classical political economy and its criticism, with special emphasis on the study of the book “Theories of Surplus Value”. Although Marx did not write a text summary of his method in the history of economic thought, it would be possible to extract from Marx’s analysis concerning the work of economists of his time and earlier - made in these works - some outlines of this method.

The objective of this paper is to present succinct notes on the matter of the method in the history of economic thought developed by Karl Marx, as well as provide elements of Marx’s vision of classical political economy, as a way to explain this method in question.

Leonardo Gomes de Deus [C3] Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Memories from the Underdevelopment: life and death of dependency theory The paper describes the practical roots of social sciences in Brazil.

When the worker’s movement became politically important, then it was also possible to think scientifically about development. The “theory of dependence” was one of the main outcomes of the formation of modern Brazilian social and economic thought. We discuss some of its most important ideas and authors, from the late 1920s until the 1990s, when the “theory of dependence” became a defence of economical subordination in a global and competitive world.

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David Dequech [B2] Universidade Estadual de Campinas Applying the concept of mainstream economics outside the United States and Europe: the case of Brazil as an example of pluralism Dequech (2007) proposes a concept of mainstream economics focused on prestige and influence inside academia. According to this concept, based on four criteria, “mainstream economics is that which is taught in the most prestigious universities and colleges, gets published in the most prestigious journals, receives funds from the most important research foundations, and wins the most prestigious awards” (Dequech, 2007: 281). When applied to a specific place and time, this sociological concept of mainstream economics does not need to correspond to only one (the main) school of thought. The intellectual content of mainstream economics does not need to be internally consistent.

When applied to different places during a given period or to the same place in different periods of time, this concept may reveal a geographical or historical variety of the most prestigious and influential ideas.

The present article discusses how the application of this concept to the recent decades shows some differences among countries. After a brief description of contemporary mainstream economics in the United States, the article examines the case of Brazil, for each of the four criteria highlighted by Dequech (2007). It shows that in Brazil ideas that are marginalized in American academia have been taught in the some of the most prestigious educational organizations, published in the most distinguished Brazilian journals, received support from the main research foundations in the country, and received some of the most prestigious awards, as have ideas that are part of internationally-defined mainstream economics. Brazil represents, therefore, as an example of pluralism. On the other hand, Brazil as a country is itself marginalized in the international scenario of academic economics.

Pedro Garcia Duarte & Pedro Teixeira [E2] Universidade de São Paulo & CIPES / FEP – UP 56

Textbooks in Postwar Economics: Brazil, 1950-1980 Textbooks are more than mere repository of past knowledge used to diffuse economic ideas. Instead, they serve different purposes in a network of agents devoted to build and disseminate knowledge. Its current incarnation is a product of the post-World-War II period in the United States, when the country experienced a dramatic expansion of higher education and when economics went through a substantial change towards a mathematical science. Our goal here is to explore how this new product crossed international boundaries and was introduced in an important Portuguese-speaking country: Brazil. To do so we construct a dataset of undergraduate textbooks translated into Portuguese over the period 1950-1980 and explore several issues: main authors and their profile, publishing market, size and structure of textbooks, and how they reflected and produced changes in economics education in this period. Additionally, we pay also due attention to the production of textbooks by Brazilian authors in this period and try to have a sense on the relative space they had in the market. This is a first step of a broader research project that will include textbooks in Portugal and will then assess some exploratory hypotheses on ideological issues and the Americanization of economics education, the size of these markets for textbooks, the massification of undergraduate training, among others.

José Edwards [E2] Universidad Adolfo Ibañez Towards a history of economic thought in Chile (1810s-1980s) Historiographical literature about the Chilean economy has produced a series of independent narratives about economic thought in Chile, including namely “neo-mercantilism” (1810s-1850s), French liberalism as promoted by Jean-Gustave Courcelle-Seneuil [1813-1892], the Entrepreneurial State as related to the ECLAC project (1930s-1970s), 57

and the “economic revolution” implemented by Chicago-boys during A. Pinochet’s dictatorship (1970s-1980s). This short manuscript aims at articulating a “rational reconstruction” of the history of these ideas.

It consists of three parts, each one covering six decades: (1) from neo-mercantilism and the crédit public, to Say’s Law and French Liberalism (1810s-1860s), (2) from the oreros and papeleros controversy, to the “nitrate cycle” and industrial reconversion (1870s-1920s), and (3) from an Entrepreneurial State to the professionalization of economics in Chile (1930s-1980s). Contextual elements are indicated in footnotes suggesting a number of additional research lines. Concluding remarks also indicate a series of interesting and unexplored topics, which would help writing a fine history of economic thought in Chile (1810s-1980s).

Andrés Estefane [C2] Universidad Adolfo Ibañez The Numbered City: the beginnings of the Chilean state system Literary critic Ángel Rama once said that, by colonial heritage, the Latin American republics building process rested on the written word.

That was the point of departure of his most inspiring metaphor, the lettered city, marked by the ubiquity of documents, the obsession with letters, and the prestige of the legal profession. But it is less common to admit that these republics were also erected on numbers. The fact that even the most trivial political discussion takes place in numerical terms, something that in these times we take for granted, has a long history in Latin America, although perhaps less connected with the colonial period. One might suggest, preliminarily, that numbers were a republican issue. I pose these questions in territorial terms, but they also pertain to other contexts: when did Chileans start to be consumers and producers of numerical data? When did numbers become part of the discussion of social problems? This paper seeks to answer these questions by studying the beginnings of the Chilean 58

statistical system, a practice that offers multiple tracks to explore the links between numbers and politics. This presentation will be divided into three parts. The first section aims to clarify some aspects of the history of the Chilean statistical system. The prevailing version ties its beginnings to the French scientist Claudio Gay, founder of the first statistical agency in the 1840’s. According to this interpretation, this institution was part of the scientific and cultural program of the conservative governments of the period and analyzes it as part of a bigger plan of centralized administration. My objective is to explore a more complex approach, including new names and offering a different chronology. I do so not only for enriching the prevailing narrative, but also with the aim of exploring new connections between the political history of the early republic and beginnings of statistics in Chile. That goal leads to the theme of the second part of the presentation: the links between the production of statistical knowledge and the changing political regimes of the period. The focus of this section will be the tensions between a decentralized and a centralized model of information gathering, clearly differentiated by the liberal/federalist political discourse of the 1820’s and the conservative/centralized logic prevailing in the 1830’s and 40’s. My goal here is to explore the connections between knowledge production processes and the territorial distribution of power. The third and last part has to do with the links between statistical discourse and numerical literacy. Reflecting on historical accounts that describe serious deficiencies in the numerical literacy of Chilean citizens in the early republican period, that affected both politics and trade, this part evaluates to what extent the State, through the development of statistics, contributed to the assimilation of numbers as part of the political debates.

Margarita Fajardo [B1] Princeton University “Not a Marshall Plan for Latin America”: How International Balance of Payments Crises Made a Regional Network of Expertise, 1953-1956 59

The end of the Korean War brought the post-war commodity boom in Latin America to an end, resurrecting the issue of the finance of the region’s development strategy. In that moment, countries like Brazil and Chile faced severe and recurrent balance of payments crises. These crises imperilled external stability, one of the pillars of the postwar order, and threatened export proceeds, the primary source for financing industrialization and development. Thus, financing industrialization, raising consumption, and guaranteeing monetary stability were proving irreconcilable for state functionaries and public institutions unless other sources of foreign capital were made available. This paper follows Felipe Herrera and Roberto Campos, two key policy actors in Chile and Brazil, respectively, as they discovered and confronted this dilemma. The paper first explores national policymaking experiences with devaluation, trade and capital restrictions as well as institutional reforms. Then, it shows how Herrera and Campos coalesced around UN Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA)-led proposals to attract foreign capital and create financial institutions and circumvent the trade-off between national development and international stability. The paper makes use of correspondence between regional economists and policymakers and the staff of international organizations like the International Monetary Fund and the UN ECLA as wells as conference proceedings and press reports to show how Latin American economists tried to fine-tune the development strategy vis-à-vis the international system. By dealing with global policy concerns such a dollar shortage and international payments stability, regional experts consolidated a notion of a Latin American economic “structure” which in turn, nurtured the idea of a regional approach to development, socalled “structuralism.” My paper demonstrates how macroeconomic rather than industrial policy concerns fostered a consensus around import-substitution industrialization (ISI), the adopted development model for the region. Thus, the paper situates the history of Latin American development within the story of the making of a global economic order.

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Milena Fernandes de Oliveira & Nelson Mendes Cantarino [B3] Universidade Estadual de Campinas & INSPER / FECAP D. Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho and the Treaties of Alliance and Trade with Great Britain (1810) D. Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho (1755-1812) is a central character in the fate of the Portuguese Empire in the context of the crisis of the Ancient Regime. Not only for exercise various positions of political prominence, as Secretary of the Navy and Overseas Dominions (1796-1801), President of the Royal Treasury (1801-03) and Minister for Foreign Affairs and War (1808-12). Coutinho also captained a reformist effort aimed at overcoming the weakness of the Empire, the challenges of the Napoleonic expansion and the British economic pressure on Portuguese overseas dominions. Undoubtedly, one of the striking consequences of his policy of rapprochement with the British was the signing of the Treaties of Alliance and Amity and Commerce and Navigation, both signed in 1810 and usually associated with liberal ideals. In this paper, we will analyze the treaties and the ideas that underpin it. To read them in their details, some inconsistencies lead us to question its liberalism. One of them lies, for example, on the Portuguese commitment to “achieve a gradual abolition of the slave trade to the fullest extent of their domains.” Then, Sousa Coutinho managed to allow the maintenance of many entrepôts that traded slaves. We know that slavery was an issue so crucial to the empire that Portuguese diplomats refused to talk openly about the subject. To face the international pressure for abolition, a gradualist strategy was adopted. Aside from slavery, which is the most sensitive issue of the Portuguese Enlightenment, because quite paradoxical in relation to liberalism, other passages reinforce the Portuguese reticence towards liberal assumptions, or at least the British liberalism. The appropriation of liberal ideas, represented by D. Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho and the Treaties of 1810, is what needs to be qualified, since liberalism is a fluid ideology, which can be adapted to different contexts, accommodating different interests.

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Ramón García Fernández & Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak [E2] Universidade Federal do ABC & Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Creating Academic Economics in Brazil: the Ford Foundation and the beginnings of ANPEC The 1960s saw the beginning of an effort to improve professional standards in Brazilian academia through cooperation with a few North American institutions, in the context of an important and controversial set of agreements between the Brazilian Ministry of Education (MEC) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). In the case of economics, the Ford Foundation was especially relevant, providing substantial funding for the creation of the first graduate programs in the field in Brazil. An important moment in this process took place in 1973 with the creation of ANPEC, an association of graduate programs in economics whose purpose was to organize and stimulate institutional interaction among its members. ANPEC is still today the most important association for academic economics in Brazil, exercising leadership through both its annual meetings and a national unified exam for admission in graduate programs in the field. The paper explores archival material from the period 1964-74 held at the Ford Foundation, which illuminates both the interaction between representatives of the Foundation and of different Brazilian academic institutions, and the strategy pursued by the former in order to develop the economics profession in the country. We thus seek to contribute to a better understanding of the conflicting motivations that lay behind the creation of ANPEC, and of the effects that the association would have on the emerging graduate programs in Brazil.

Lucas Finamor [E4] Universidade de São Paulo From benevolent paternalism to political economics: a methodological discussion of the schools of public economics 62

Public Economics is a field of research responsible for investigations of problems related to the collective choices of a society. Within this large and heterogeneous field different schools were developed, each one with its own methodological pattern of analysis. This ork emphasizes those recent schools that share the individualism methodological as a primary assumption: Welfare State Economics, Public Choice and Political Economics. Analyzing the origin, assumptions, models and the most important theoretical and normative outputs of each school, we aim to understand the development occurred in this field of research. Based on a kuhnian view, this methodological succession is understood as part of the process of expansion and articulation of the neoclassical paradigm. We thus disagree with the interpretation of scientific revolutions, that is, a paradigm shift between them.

Thiago Fontelas Rosado Gambi [B3] Universidade Federal de Alfenas Economic thought in the periphery: an outline of the economic ideas of Joaquim José Rodrigues Torres (1848-1858) The aim of this paper is to present an outline of the economic ideas of Joaquim José Rodrigues Torres, Viscount of Itaboraí, by analyzing the minutes of the financial section of the council of state, ministerial reports and parliamentary speeches between 1848 and 1858. In these years, Rodrigues Torres assumed, respectively, the Ministry of Finance and the presidency of the Bank of Brazil after the liberal experience carried on by Bernardo de Souza Franco as minister of finance. This period is interesting to evaluate their economic ideas as minister and banker. These ideas are presented in the first section of the paper. The second section discusses the adaptation of foreign ideas and theories in its economic policy. In the third section, we deal with the question of issuing banks evaluating the consistency between their ideas and practice. In the concluding remarks, we discuss the coherence of Rodrigues Torres’ economic ideas.

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Ă lvaro Grompone VelĂĄsquez [A1] Instituto de Estudios Peruanos The economic redefinition of Peru: the liberal turn through the 1845-54 debates This article seeks to outline the economic debates carried out in Peru between the years 1845 and 1854. On the one hand, the text aims to show how the economic policy and the debates around it evolved in the period. This is divided into a first phase of offensive protectionism, followed by a turn, around 1850, which would take to the free-trade hegemony of the following decades. The second and main objective is to emphasize the rationale and arguments used by both positions (based especially on official records and newspapers editorials,) for approaching the economic thought of the period. Based on it, three key aspects are highlighted: (i) the opposition to the colonial regime, (ii) the definition of an intrinsic economic identity and unfailing destination for the country, and (iii) the use of Political Economy as an argument from authority. These aspects are stressed by both liberalists and protectionists, although with quite different contents.

Davide Gualerzi [F1] UniversitĂ di Padova Underdevelopment, backwardness and catching-up: on the notion of unbalanced growth The paper examines the views of a prominent figure such as Albert Hischman and his analysis of induced investment and development as a chain of disequilibria. It paper argues that a possible fruitful way to update and bring forward the original insight contained in the notion of unbalanced growth is that of focusing on the process of market formation. It calls attention to the ways the question can be articulated in emerging economies. A fundamental aspect is the evolution 64

of consumption patterns based on consumption complementarities.

It therefore suggested an enlarged view of development linkages. In developed economies the main problem is to overcome the tendencies towards market saturation. In developing economies the main problem is to build up the domestic market. The focus on market formation helps to shape a research agenda that, while “rethinking” development economics, can address the formidable challenges posed by the development of a heterogeneous periphery dominated by the new giants in Asia and Latin America.

Danielle Guizzo & Iara Vigo de Lima Onate [C2] Universidade Federal do Paraná Foucault’s Genealogy of Classical Political Economy and the Contemporary Consequences of Biopolitics This paper analyzes the strategic role played by the British classical political economy in the construction of a new technology of power.

When accomplishing a genealogy of liberalism and power relations in his lectures presented at the Collège de France in 1978 and 1979, Michel Foucault offered a unique approach on the subject of economic ideas, reasoning and discourse. He identified political economy as the first school of thought to introduce a new “governmentality”, which promoted a separation between/among power, knowledge, government and science, and led to what he called “biopolitics”. According to Foucault, economic practices managed to reconduct the action of State regarding population care, wellbeing and longevity, leading to biopolitics. This paper explores the main arguments provided by some of the most important British political economists of the 18th and 19th centuries on what concerns population management, State’s role and economic dynamic in order to examine Foucault’s considerations. Understanding how they consolidated some ideas, such as mechanism of markets and natural price, and created a new system of truth that fundamentally changed political practices, sheds light on the hidden con65

nections between the history of economic ideas and the techniques of power exercised in our world today.

Gian Carlo Maciel Guimarães Hespanhol & Alexandre Macchione Saes [D2] Universidade de São Paulo Delfim Netto and the assimilation of modern economics in Brazil (1950-60) Antônio Delfim Netto, economist who played a fundamental role in the Brazilian political economy in the second half of the 20th century, can – also – be distinguished as one of the most important scholars responsible for the modernization of the Economic Science in Brazil.

The Mainstream of Economic Theory was going through an enormous transformation in the after war period, consolidating the instrumentalization and formalization, which was parallel to the systematic rise of economists in governments. This paper discusses Delfim Netto’s role in the appropriation and dissemination of the Economic Theory that had been consolidate after World War II, whose fundamental epicenter was USA in the Department of Economics of the University of São Paulo.

Jimena Hurtado [D1] Universidad de Los Andes Jean-Baptiste Say’s Social Economics and the Construction of the XIXth Century Liberal Republic in Colombia Since the first years after the Independence political economy was considered as a major subject in the formation of the new generation of Colombian citizens. The teaching of political economy became compulsory for all students in higher education because it was consid66

ered the science of freedom. Understanding the production and circulation of wealth, for one, allowed the creation of institutions capable of guaranteeing stability and prosperity, and of inserting the country in the world economic order. On the other hand, political economy would promote the education of modern citizens, able to understand the mechanisms and interdependencies proper of a social order characterized by market relations and the guarantee of individual rights.

Political economy was considered as the science of modern times, providing the knowledge needed to make a successful transition from a colonial order towards republican life. Its instruction was then commanded by national law as were the textbooks that were to be used in the courses. The law provided political economy should be taught using texts by Jeremy Bentham, Antoine-Louis-Claude Destutt de Tracy, and Jean-Baptiste Say. At several moments during the second half of the XIXth century a vivid discussion arose concerning particularly Bentham’s and Tracy’s works; but Say’s Treatise and Course were rarely questioned. Through the lessons of Ezequiel Rojas, who came to be considered as the main teacher of the generation of the Radicals, who were to come to power around the 1860’s, Say pervaded the courses of political economy. In this text I propose a first approach to the transmission of Say’s ideas through Rojas’ teachings and writings. This first step would prepare the ground to continue the exploration of Say’s influence in Rojas’ pupils, most of which occupied important offices in the Colombian government. Rojas himself was a Senator, State minister and Ambassador. During his entire life, while holding public office, he only stopped lecturing between 1850 and 1857 when he was in Europe as Colombian Ambassador. He was a fierce promoter of Bentham, Tracy and Say in the education of young generations, and was convinced that political economy, or social economics as he called it following Say, should play a major role as a liberal social philosophy leading to a full explanation of human behavior and the social order.

Jaques Kerstenetzky [D1] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro 67

History in Alfred Marshall’s Principles of Economics: back to historical economics?

Alfred Marshall’s Principles of Economics are mainly celebrated for its partial equilibrium model. This is commonly known in the economics profession through the microeconomics textbook version made by subsequent economists who sharpened its analytical content. Marshall warned us that the equilibrium analysis should be seen only as a first approximation to the study of economic problems. Reading the Principles we find large additional institutional and historical content. However, the author’s exhaustively detailed style, his nuanced treatment, the poorly defined boundaries between concepts, and his taste for the complex and the contradictory turn it difficult to read his work and admit different interpretations and developments of his contribution. This article seeks to draw attention to the historical content of the Principles , arguing that it is not merely illustrative nor scope for supplementary non analytical propositions. It Intends to explore the typically Marshallian style of combining analysis and history, in a way that presents the partial equilibrium in a new light. The result is a proposition of theories loaded with history and an original way of conceiving economics.

Sharmin Khodaiji [B1] Centre for Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University Dependency, Underdevelopment and the Nation: Economic Nationalism in Late-Nineteenth Century Colonial India During the second half of the twentieth century, the theories of Dependency and Underdevelopment which emerged from Latin America, have been vital towards building a critical understanding of the position and functioning of post-colonial societies and their economies.

Both the Marxist and non-Marxist variants of this line of economic thought have shown the division of the global economy in terms of na68

tions that are differentially placed in this economic order. This paper will try to explore writings coming from the context of late-nineteenth century colonial India, where a small set of elite intellectuals were discussing similar themes with regard to British rule in India and its effect upon the economic conditions of the masses. By compiling together some of the first sets of statistics collected by the British administration, early liberal nationalists such as Dadabhai Naoroji, G.V. Joshi, R.C. Dutt, M.G. Ranade and a few others created a picture of what a ‘dependent’, ‘underdeveloped’ and ‘backward’ nation looked like. This was done by first identifying criteria such as the poverty of the masses and proving it statistically, so that the British government could be petitioned effectively to remedy the situation. Another significant contribution made by this group of thinkers was to develop the ‘drain of wealth’ thesis, which explained the systematic transfer of wealth from colonial India to Britain via the imperial government’s policy of free trade and a host of other fiscal measures. Simultaneously, these thinkers provided a significant critique of the abstractions of orthodox political economy coming from the Smithian and Ricardian traditions.

They instead looked for inspiration to nationalist and historically grounded framings of political economy such as that provided by the German economist, Frederick List. For this generation of early nationalists, political economy provided the entry point through which they could begin to launch one of the most powerful critiques of colonial rule. While the terms ‘dependency’ and ‘underdevelopment’ were being used in a specific manner and reflected the developmentalist aspirations of nineteenth century Indian nationalists, these writings on political economy are important because they signify the imagination of the modern nation-state. For the first time the economy and the nation were being conflated together, and it is this ‘political economy of nationhood’ that this paper will delve deeper into.

Rodrigo Leite Kremer & Jorge Paulo de Araújo [F3] Universidade Federal do Paraná / FESP & Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul 69

Leonid Kantorovich and the development of mathematical economics in the Soviet Union This paper aims to analyze the importance of Leonid Kantorovich in the development of mathematical economics in the Soviet Union.

While acknowledging the fragmentary knowledge about how economic ideas developed in that country, due to the reduced number of academic works available for consultation, it cannot ignore the advances seen in this knowledge area in the Soviet Union. In addition, the paper also extends the discussion of the mathematization of economics to an aspect unexplored by the literature. Once the process of mathematization was not restricted to western economic theory, it does not understand the reason for the exclusion of the soviet case, and therefore its greatest scientist, on the debate on the subject in the history of economic thought, even considering the difficulties mentioned above.

Conrado Krivochein & Emmanoel Boff [F3] Universidade Federal da Bahia & Universidade Federal Fluminense What do thinkers of economics think in Brazil? An empirical study about the production in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology in Brazil from 2004-2013 The present study investigated the production in History of Economic Thought (HET)/Methodology in Brazil between 2004-2013 at the meetings of Sociedade Brasileira de Economia Política (SEP) and Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-graduação em Economia (ANPEC). The main objectives of the article were 1. to check if HET/Methodology can influence other subareas of Economic thought and 2. to quantify the main economists studied by Brazilians HET/Methodology researchers.

It was found that HET/ Methodology authors influence other areas, mainly at the SEP Meetings, and, to a lesser degree, at ANPEC. It was also found that Brazilian authors concentrate their investigations in classical authors (Adam Smith, Karl Marx, John Maynard Keynes, Celso 70

Furtado). At the same time, there is an enormous dispersion in the researched HET/Methodology authors, mainly at the SEP Meetings.

Roberto Lampa [F1] Università del Salento / Universidad Nacional General Sarmiento Anarchic accumulation, un-effective demand and institutional constraints: Oskar Lange’s critique of capitalist dynamics. Core and periphery.

This article investigates a series of works written by Oskar Lange across 1935 and 1963, with the intention of providing a thorough interpretation of his beliefs about capitalist dynamics, both in the core and in the periphery. We explore in depth Lange’s 1938 theory of interest and its implications in terms of dynamics. We also reconstruct Lange’s analysis of the chronic sub-optimality of the underdeveloped economies and his proposals of economic policy. We conclude that Lange’s analysis of core and peripheral dynamics shows a remarkable continuity, notwithstanding a difference in grade.

Jérôme Lange [F2] Université Paris Descartes Positive feedback in Adam Smith’s theory of economic development: how “primitive” is “primitive accumulation”?

From the second part of Book I and throughout Book II of the Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith exposes his view that capital accumulation is the basis for the economic and demographic development of societies. This appears to be in conflict, however, with the “Introduction and Plan of the Work” and the first three chapters of Book I. Here Smith had told us, first, that the principal circumstance which determines a nations ‘per capita GDP’ is “the skill, dexterity, and judgment with 71

which its labour is generally applied”; second, that “the greater part of the skill, dexterity, and judgment with which it is anywhere directed, or applied, seem to have been the effects of the division of labour”.

While scholars have defended the position that either division of labour or capital accumulation are the primal or prevalent causal element in Smith’s theory of economic growth, this paper attempts to reconcile these views by showing how division of labour and capital accumulation are for Smith part of a complex virtuous cycle of development, where the different elements reinforce each other in a positive feedback loop. The examination of the interplay between capital accumulation and division of labour is used to reveal an important general feature of the logic of Smith’s writings about precedence and causality. Smith often conceived of the relationship between different variables not as a change in one variable strictly and unequivocally causing a change in the other (even if he sometimes appears to be saying this), but rather as a complex relation of cause and effect, whereby the behaviour of one element causes the other to behave in such a way as to bring about in the first precisely what provoked that behaviour in the second, thereby making it difficult to clearly ascribe the respective roles of cause and effect. In other words, the logic of Smith’s theory of economic development is one of positive feedback, and this underlies also to a large extent what has been considered as his notion of “emergent” or “spontaneous order” (for which the “invisible hand” metaphor is epitomic).

Maria Cristina Marcuzzo [A2] Università di Roma “La Sapienza” Consumption and money-making in Keynes: enjoyments of life or morbid instincts?

Keynes assigned a central role to consumption in his theory of income determination, but unlike others, for instance Mandeville or Malthus , who had also praised the virtue of a high level of consumption, he 72

pointed out the problems that consumption entails and the vice of which it was a product. In the General Theory (1936) consumption is seen as the necessary means for the well-being of society; the propellant, so to speak, in the machinery to boost employment and income.

This raises the question of what has happened to the remarks made in the Economic Possibility for our Grandchildren (1931), where the pursuit of material objects of wealth is seen as the by-product of a morbid instinct, the love of money as a “possession”. In fact, in the final chapter of the General Theory the money-making motive is no longer depicted as the dark side of the soul, but rather as the prerequisite for the full fruition of certain valuable human activities. I argue that nothing is said against consumption in the Economic Possibility for our Grandchildren; in fact among the “enjoyments” of life we may find many objects of consumption, which need not to be acquired through monetary expenditure and that can be made available in greater abundance thanks to solution of the “economic problem”. Consumption as an end, not as a means, to possession can therefore be accommodated within Keynes’s early and mature philosophy: to fight the pessimism of the heart and the untruthfulness of received ideas about the virtue of money-making rather than money-spending.

Marcelo Bandeira de Mello Filho [F4] Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Imperialism, Monopoly Capitalism and Stages of Capitalism The aim of the paper is to analyze the development of the theories of imperialism and monopoly capitalism from the point of view of the conceptualization of the stages of capitalism. The concepts of imperialism and monopoly capitalism were developed by Hobson, Veblen, Lenin, Hilferding, Luxemburg, Bukharin, Baran, Schumpeter, Sweezy and others to understand the transformations of capitalism that began in the late nineteenth century. In the introduction it will be presented the intellectual environment in which the theories of imperi73

alism and monopoly capitalism emerged. In the next three sections it will be commented, respectively, non-Marxist theories of imperialism (with emphasis on Hobson, Veblen and Schumpeter), Marxist theories of imperialism (especially Hilferding, Rosa Luxemburg and Lenin) and theories of monopoly capitalism. In the last section brief critical comments are presented. From the viewpoint of the stages of capitalism, it should be noted, first, that the concentration of capital and income, as well as the promiscuous relationship between the state and large corporations, are not features of only one phase of capitalism, but enduring features of the mode of production for at least an hundred and fifty years. On the other hand, it is important to clarify a major limitation of the concepts of imperialism and monopoly capitalism: the concepts fits well to the understanding of the behaviour of the major economic powers in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century and the current American capitalism, but not to the capitalism in Europe West and Japan since the end of World War II.

Leonardo Dias Nunes [D2] Universidade Estadual de Campinas First approaches to the economic development conception of Roberto Campos The aim of this article is a first approach to the economic development conception of the Brazilian economist named Roberto Campos. This article is part of a research project that aims to reconstruct the Roberto Campos interpretation of Brazil. Thus, was chosen to start the investigation by the economic development conception of this author, because of the methodological orientation that though the Roberto Campos analyses of the Brazilian economic development process can be found the economic, social, political and cultural comprehension of the society that this author aimed to transform. Other researchers that also had studied Roberto Campos thought had characterized him like a prominent participant of an intellectual group that would like to develop the transnational capitalism in Brazil, a guardian of the authoritarian polit74

ical model that was introduced in Brazil after the 1964 coup d’etat, and a thinker that was characterized to be in the forefront of conservative thought of his time. The article had considered this studies and had focused on the analyses of the paper Planejamento do desenvolvimento econômico dos países subdesenvolvidos, first published in 1954. Thus the article was divided in three parts. In the first part was presented the main ideas about the Roberto Campos economic development conception according to the researches already done about this author. In the second part was presented an analysis of the Roberto Campos paper which was first published in 1954. In the concluding remarks was pointed that the Roberto Campos vision about the economic development process has ahistorical components.

Rustem M. Nureev [F1] Financial University under the Russian Government Development Economics: neoinstitutional approach of Hernando de Soto This article analyzes the works of Hernando de Soto and their impact on the economy development. Discusses similarities neoinstitutional approach and features of their implementation in his books “The Other Path” (1989) and “The Mystery of Capital” (2000). The first book devoted to the analysis of the informal economy. It consists of two parts: empirical and theoretical. In the empirical part, he examines three areas of illegal activities (housing, trade and transport), and in the theoretical part investigates mainly transaction costs. Led by Hernando de Soto Institute for Liberty and Democracy conducted a series of experiments to determine the economic “price obeying the law” in Peru, in order to determine the costs that have to bear the persons wishing to engage in the usual legal business. Opting for an illegal organization, the entrepreneur gets rid of the “price obeying the law”, but is forced to pay “the price of illegality.” This second group includes transaction costs “price evade legal sanctions”, costs associated with the transfer of income, higher rates on the black market capital, the 75

inability to participate in the knowledge-intensive and capital-intensive areas of production, relatively weak protection of property rights, “the inability to use price contract system” etc. What should be done?

From de Soto’s standpoint, it is necessary to bring the legal system to reality. And the second is devoted to this work, “The Mystery of Capital,” in which the author tries to solve five puzzles: the riddle of the missing information; the Mystery of Capital; riddle political ignorance; forgotten lessons of U.S. history; riddle legal impotence. De Soto puts the important question of why property laws do not work outside the West. Hernando de Soto believes that a significant portion of the accumulated capital in developing countries is undercapitalized. If the assets in the West have double lives: not only directly used for domestic needs, but also they are source of capital (ie loans guarantee), the Third World and former communist countries that they do not fulfill the second function, thereby not actually capital. Therefore, de Soto identifies six effects of private property. Marginalization of society is the consequence of being cut off from the majority of the population of six positive effects of private property. Job Hernando de Soto is a new line of neoinstitutional research - economic and legal concepts of development (Law and Economics of Development).

Thiago Dumont Oliveira & Alysson Lorenzon Portella [A2] Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Pre-Synthesis Microfoundations and the Emergence of Walrasian Economics Economics has a long tradition of transmuting ideas, creating stereotypes that do not quite resemble the original thinkers. Adam Smith and John Maynard Keynes are notorious examples. The former was completely detached from his Scottish Enlightenment’s tradition with a rather distorted picture of Homo Economicus replacing his philosophical view of self-interest. The latter was lost in translation with the Keynesian Revolution that was not, the famous quote ‘we are all Keynesians now’ is a misunderstanding of Keynes that does hold up 76

to scrutiny. This paper aims at examining how the emergence of general equilibrium theory reshaped Léon Walras’s tâtonnement process, putting an end to the plurality that characterized microeconomics from 1930 to 1950. We assess how the tâtonnement process evolved throughout the five editions of Walras’s Eléments d’économie politique pure. Walras gradually changed his approach to general equilibrium theory, his introduction of bons in the fourth edition privileged internal consistency at the expense of a realistic description of the adjustment process. Nevertheless, Walras continued to use his different formulations of the tâtonnement for different purposes. On the other hand, Samuelson, Hicks and other authors that further developed the general equilibrium theory focused entirely on the bons version of the tâtonnement, neglecting Walras’s original concern to depict the adjustment process of a real market system; as a consequence the emergence of abstraction imposed a monolithic character to economics that only recently (and timidly) started to change. In order to portray the emergence of general equilibrium as a change of path regarding the history of economics, we take a step back and examine the works of Armstrong, Bernardelli and Georgescu-Roegen. We consider these authors of particular interest for some elements of the recent developments in behavioral economics such as errors of perception, path-dependency and the importance of context and attention in the decision making process can be found in these authors, although they are embedded in a rather different methodological prism. In light of the announcements of the death of Walrasian microeconomics in recent years and the plea for pluralism and reformulation of economics curriculum, we consider this paper may contribute in that it reviews the context in which the new version of the tâtonnement was forged and, further, relates the alternative approaches formulated during those days to recent developments in economics.

Danilo Freitas Ramalho da Silva [E4] Universidade Federal do ABC

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The construction of the theoretical object of economic development theories This work analyzes the Theory of Economic Development, a branch of economics which gained importance from the study of underdeveloped countries in the period between World War II and the late 1970’s.

Its aim is the recovery of the main ideas of this branch in a way to understand the construction of its theoretical body and, thus, interpret its relevance to the study of the underdeveloped (developing) countries nowadays, as proposed by Krugman (1992). To accomplish such task, classic texts were selected from four representative authors of development economics, including Paul Rosenstein-Rodan, Arthur Lewis, Albert Hirschman and Raúl Prebisch, with the intention of covering the fundamental ideas of the branch. Their ideas will be analyzed and interpreted with the assistance of supplementary texts, aiming their insertion in the context where they were formulated. Results from the analysis showed that development economics represent a theoretical body that is separate from the traditional economics’ core and that the construction of its theoretical subject of investigation takes place through the rejection of the traditional economics’ framework. This is due to the fact that underdeveloped countries demonstrate sui generis qualities that characterize them as a different subject of study from developed countries and, therefore, makes traditional economics not applicable to the understanding of their development. Although these results are in agreement with the interpretation of development economics by Seers (1967) and Hirschman (1982), they diverge from the interpretation provided by Myint (1967). However, what is expected from this analysis is its accomplishment in recovering some original ideas of development economics so that they, in turn, can take part in the current debate on economic development of underdeveloped (developing) countries.

Fernando Ribeiro & Nelson Mendes Cantarino [C2] INSPER / Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo & INSPER / FECAP

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“Circulation is the principle of life”: Medical Thought and Economic Analyses in the Work of François Quesnay The life and work of François Quesnay (1684-1774) are well known by the historiography of economic thought. In particular, the analogy between the discovery of Harvey (1578-1657), presented in “Exercitation anatomica de motu cordis et sanguinis in animalibus” first published in 1628 and the structure and dynamics of the “Tableau Économique”, published in 1758, is appellant. We search here for an alternative route to understand the work of the French author. First, from a more general point of view, we design the path from Natural Sciences towards the formation of Economics scientific autonomy in France in the second half of the Eighteenth Century. Next, we seek to identify from the medical works of Quesnay, his affiliation between the various approaches in dispute in medical thinking. This effort is subordinated to the precise identification of the influences of these ideas in the preparation of what Mirabeau judged the third greatest invention of mankind: the “Tableau Économique”. Thus, we intend to shed light on the interfaces between medicine and the shaping of the economic thought in the Ancien Régime. Finally, since medical as well as social thought were very much influenced by the Enlightenment and its appeal to natural forces driven humanity towards plenty and progress, we try to develop the connections between liberalism and Quesnay’s medical and economic ideas.

Claudio Robles Ortiz [E1] Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez A Listian Self-Taught Economist in the Chilean Economic Policy Debate (c. 1860-1880) This paper discusses self-taught Listian economist Julio Menadier’s ideas and role in the economic policy debate regarding tariff reform in Chile during the mid-nineteenth century. A Prussian lawyer first hired 79

as head of the Customs House, Menadier subsequently served for two decades as an ideologue of the National Agricultural Society (SNA). In that capacity Menadier employed Friedrich List’s economic nationalism to analyze the main problems of the Chilean economy and, specifically, to argue in favor of protectionist measures for fostering its incipient manufacturing sector as an “infant industry” which was beginning to produce modern agricultural equipment. Along with demonstrating that, contrary to conventional views (Coastworth & Williamson, 2014), List’s work was read in Latin American countries like Chile, the paper shows that Listian economics provided sound arguments for critics of the seemingly hegemonic free trade doctrine, who sought to transform economic policy from a rent-seeking fiscal tool into a means of promoting economic growth, and industrialization in particular. In addition, Menadier’s pragmatic economic approach reveals that, despite its adherence to liberalism, the landowning elite employed elements of an emerging protectionist discourse to demand tax exemption for agricultural equipment imports.

Maria Eugenia Romero Sotelo [A3] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México The Creation and Development of the Neoliberal Institutions in Mexico during the Twentieth Century The thirties in Mexico were an intense period filled with conflict between the State and several groups from the private sector which felt threatened by the nationalistic economic policies of the government of the General Lázaro Cárdenas (1934-1940): the nationalizing processes and the social politics were the main factors that tensed these relationships. Since then, bussinessmen and liberal intelectuals began to create institutions that would fight and stop the politics of the nationalistic and interventionist Mexican State. Mainly, they constituted business and educational organizations that would promote a market economy in Mexico and Latin America during the 20th century. For ex80

ample, in Mexico, some of these include: the Association of Bankers of Mexico, the Mexican Association of Culture, the Mexican Institute of Technology, The Ludwig von Mises Institute, among others. The aim of this paper is to study the process of the origin and development of these instututions that promoted the installation of neoliberalism in Mexico and their combat against the economic policies of the country’s Welfare State.

Ivan Colangelo Salomão & Pedro Cezar Dutra Fonseca [B3] Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa & Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Heterodoxy and Industrialization in an Agrarian-Exporting Context: Rui Barbosa’s economic thought Rui Barbosa’s economic legacy notably refers to his controversial performance at the Ministry of Finance of the first Brazilian republican government, which is associated to a strong inflationism. However, the research in primary and secondary sources allows to identify his untimely ideas about economic themes that went through the debate in Brazil, and in the leading western economies in the second half of XIX century and in the first decades of the XX century, such as the critical of the currency neutrality, the monetary monopoly state and the gold-standard. During a period of complete domain of the orthodoxy economy, the originality of Rui Barbosa’s economic thoughts were expressed not only to move away from the traditional paradigm, but also to adapt and validate the relevance of those ideas to what was deemed to be the country’s reality, marked as an export economy of primary products. Going beyond, he made a premature and emphatic defense of the industrialization and of the necessity of a “nationalism breeding”, reason why he can be considered one of the Brazilian and Latin-American developmentalist precursors that gained importance along the XX century.

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Manuel Ramon Souza Luz & Roberto Resende Simiqueli [D3] Universidade de São Paulo & Universidade Estadual de Campinas Counterculture and Conservation of Archaic Traits: reading the 60’s through Veblenian lenses This paper seeks to contribute to the ongoing debate on the political, economic and institutional meaning of the 1960s and the Counterculture Revolution. Revisiting the contrasting interpretations of the period, two diverging perspectives stand out - one which emphasizes the social advances of these struggles, and a critical strand that alerts us to the somewhat limited or even non-revolutionary results achieved by these movements. There seems, however, to be some consensus around the aesthetic innovations present in this specific moment - no social struggle after the sixties was thought or pictured as those before. This provides us with a starting point on how these movements could be analysed from a institutional perspective: since Veblen understands aesthetics as representative of a deeper institutional setting, the common themes and motifs employed by counterculture revolutionaires are representative of an adherence to individualism as an unquestionable civilizational principle (analogous to the imponderables presented in The Vested Interests and the Common Man). Thus, a veblenian understanding of the aesthetics of the period grants us valuable insights on how counterculture acted as a driving force on redefining (and revalidating) capitalism - going so far as to present us with renewed mechanisms for legitimating individual property.

Claudia Sunna [B1] UniversitĂ del Salento - Lecce Development Economists on the Alliance for Progress After the U.S. debacle at the Bay of Pigs in April 1961, the Kennedy administration promotes a radical step change in the relations with Lat82

in America’s countries and launched the initiative of the Alliance for Progress (Alianza para el Progreso). This plan, which officially ended in 1973, consisted in the financing of a program of development projects for Latin America’s countries. The Alliance for Progress has been studied mainly by historians and in the field of history of international relations. The main aim of this paper is to study the Alliance for Progress through the analysis of the debate raised within Development Economics. The theoretical context in which this initiative is launched is particularly interesting because it is possible to study how the modernization theory, in the version of Walt W. Rostow, was applied to international aid plans of the sixties. Through the reconstruction of this period it will be highlighted, on the one hand, how deep is the relationship between theory and practice in the making of development economics and on the other, it will emerge with clarity the boost given by international political relations to the development policies in Latin America.

Norikazu Takami [C1] Hitotsubashi University Baffling Inflation: How Cost-push Inflation Theories Influenced Policy Debate in the Late-1950s United States The aim of this essay is to examine how cost-push inflation theories, which highlight autonomous increases of wages and other production costs as a cause of inflation, played a decisive role in the policy debate over interpretation of the price movements of the second half of the 1950s. In late 1956, economic experts, including politicians and journalists as well as economists, began to observe a peculiarity accompanying the ongoing inflation, namely, an apparent lack of excess aggregate demand, and they placed great emphasis on cost-push inflation theories in their interpretations of this peculiar phenomenon. When the recession of 1958 was accompanied by a steady increase of gen83

eral prices, some experts took this as further supporting evidence for cost push inflation. Against the background of this atypical inflation, the United States Congress, then ruled by the opposition Democratic Party, initiated a large-scale inquiry into the nature and causes of inflation. These investigations produced one report in particular that emphasized cost-push theories. This essay as a whole shows how the controversy over the inflation of the late 1950s created various processes that shaped and propagated cost-push inflation theories and triggered early Keynesian and monetarist tools and theorizing, such as the Phillips curve and ideas of lags in the effect of monetary policy.

Natália Tammone & Thiago Alves Dias [E3] Universidade de São Paulo Colonization and Portuguese economic thought: from the Old Colonial System to New Brazil This communication seeks to stimulate the debate about the colonial question and the relevance of the Portuguese colonies in economic thinking, mainly focusing on the importance of Brazil. It will begin from the situation of the Portuguese restoration in Brazil after the Dutch rule (1654) until the 1830s, when the Portuguese monarchy began another restoration: ensuring the legitimate heir to the throne and the continuity of constitutional monarchy. We will use texts produced at that time and that influenced insome way the formulations of economic thought or the colonial policies of the Portuguese State. Duarte Ribeiro de Macedo, in 1675, analyzed the costs and the values produced by colonies, to establish the productive colonies and those that were causing damage to the State, the later should be abandoned. Even in this context, Cardinal da Mota, in 1734, extolled the potential of the colonies for trade and increasing metropolitan manufactured productions, highlighting the better profit this relationship could have with the participation of Portuguese products in colonial trade. Between 1741 and 1742, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo not only qualified 84

the debate on the state of the Portuguese trade, but also presented projects that would be consolidated in the subsequent years of his public life, notably the formation of colonial trade companies. Minister King, D. Rodrigo de Souza Coutinho, in 1796, among other measures, proposed the union of economies of metropolis and colony through an interdependent relationship, which he called “happy nexus”. From the opening of Brazilian ports in 1808, the colonial relationship suffered a series of policy changes that triggered the revolution of 1820 and the independence of Brazil. Facts which required new economic arrangements in the ancient metropolis, prompting debates in political circles about the economic possibilities of the Portuguese Empire.

One of the most important was the work of the Commission for the improvement of trade created by the Portuguese parliament in 1822, which proposed the liberalization of the Portuguese economy, On the other hand, Sá da Bandeira, in 1836, drafted a proposal to resume the Portuguese maritime empire through the creation of a “new Brazil” in Africa. From a restoration to another, the period highlights the role of colonies in the economic life of Portugal.

Eliana Tadeu Terci & Jefferson Oliveira Goulart [D3] Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz – ESALQ/USP & Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP The Constitution of 1988 and the Economic Order The article examines the debate of ideas around economic order in the National Constituent Assembly of 1988. The transition from military regime to democracy, put on the agenda the convocation of a national constituent assembly to operate a regime change. The convocation of a constituent at a time of the crisis of long cycle of development based on state leadership that began in the 1930s. Inflation and foreign debt were the two legacies of developmentalism. The new constitution was to be written and could register what society wanted for the Brazilian economy. For this research, we have the file kept by the Constituent 85

Studies Program and Documentation and Education Society, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (PROEDES), which brings together collections of written material consists of clippings of newspaper articles, opinion articles, published interviews in the press and magazines that were about the work of the Constituent. Through consultation with the files we tried to identify the main controversies and debates poles of the leading exponents in the debate of ideas, its theoretical and doctrinal affiliations, political alignment, as well as their views on the economic history of contemporary Brazil.

Laura Valladão de Mattos [D1] Universidade de São Paulo Continuity or rupture? An analysis of some aspects of social philosophy in the works of J. S. Mill, Alfred Marshall and J. M. Keynes It is argued in this paper that it’s possible to speak of a ‘tradition’ in the field of social and economic philosophy uniting the works of J. S. Mill, Alfred Marshall and John Maynard Keynes. This ‘tradition’ can be characterized by the following concepts: (a) by the rejection of the acquisitive values of capitalism; (b) by the ideia that capitalism would be incapable of spontaneously solving the problems of distribution of wealth and poverty; (c) by the idea that, for the sake of the preservation of liberty, diversity and economic efficiency, individual initiative should be free to act wherever it engenders good results, but that the State should intervene whenever the free initiative fails, acting in the good of collectivity; (d) by the belief that it would be possible to make capitalism significantly better by the way of small and gradual changes.

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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

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Alacevich, Michele Almeida, Felipe Almeida, Rafael

Loyola University Maryland Universidade Federal do Paraná Universidad Federal de São Carlos – Sorocaba

michele.alacevich@ gmail.com felipe.almeida@ufpr.br rga1605@gmail.com

ca.alvarez967@uniandes.edu.co Amaral Filho, Jair CAEN - Universidade Fede- amarelojair@gmail. do ral do Ceará com alexandreandrada@ Andrada, Alexandre Universidade de Brasília gmail.com Fundação Escola de CoAprigio, Pedro Luiz plaprigio@gmail.com mércio Álvares Penteado Araújo, Jorge Paulo Universidade Federal do 00006283@ufrgs.br de Rio Grande do Sul Universidad Nacional AuAroche, Fidel aroche@unam.mx tónoma de México Universidad Nacional Au- jpabloarroyo@hotmail.

Arroyo, Juan Pablo tónoma de México com Cedeplar – Universidade Barbosa, Lúcio lucioosb@hotmail.com Federal de Minas Gerais Universidade Federal de gustavo.barros.ufjf@ Barros, Gustavo Juiz de Fora gmail.com carlosalbertobdc@ Belchior, Carlos Universidade de Brasília gmail.com Betancourt, Rebeca rebecagomez@gmail.

Université Lumière Lyon 2 Gómez com Universidade de São PauBianchi, Ana Maria amafbian@usp.br lo Bielschowsky, RiUniversidade Federal do ricardo.bielschowsky@ cardo Rio de Janeiro gmail.com Universidade Federal Flu- emmanoelb@yahoo.

Boff, Emmanoel minense com.br Álvarez, Andrés

Universidad de los Andes

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Bruzzi Curi, Luiz Felipe

Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Universidade de São Paulo

mboianovsky@gmail. com gustavo@cedeplar. ufmg.br luizfelipelfbc@gmail. com

Cabello, Andrea

Universidade de Brasília

andreafc@gmail.com

Cantarino, Nelson Mendes

INSPER / FECAP

nmcantarino@hotmail. com

Cardoso, José Luis

Universidade de Lisboa

jcardoso@ics.ul.pt

Boianovsky, Mauro Britto, Gustavo

Universidade de Brasilia

Carvalho, André Roncaglia de Cerqueira, Antonio Claudio Cerqueira, Hugo da Gama

Universidade de São Paulo Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Cedeplar - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Universidad Central (CoChaparro, Germán lombia) Universidade Federal do Chieza, Rosa Angela Rio Grande do Sul

andre.roncaglia.carvalho@usp.br antonio.gamacerqueira@gmail.com hugocerqueira@gmail. com gchaparroc@ucentral. edu.co

Clément, Alain

University of Tours

clement@univ-tours.fr

Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto EESP – Fundação Getúlio Vargas Universidade Estadual de Campinas Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

dcosentino@terra.com. br

Cosentino, Daniel Cotelo, Fernando Coutinho, Mauricio Cunha, Alexandre Mendes Curty, Carla

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rosa.chieza@ufrgs.br

fcotelo@gmail.com mcout@eco.unicamp. br alexandre@cedeplar. ufmg.br carla_curty@yahoo. com.br

De Deus, Leonardo Dequech, David Dias, Thiago Alves Duarte, Pedro

Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Universidade Estadual de Campinas Universidade de São Paulo Universidade de São Paulo

dedeus@icsa.ufop.br dequech@eco.unicamp.br thiago.dias@usp.br pgduarte@usp.br

Edwards, José

Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez jose.edwards@uai.cl

Estefane, Andrés

Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez andres.estefane@uai.cl

Fajardo, Margarita

Princeton University

Fernandes de Oliveira, Milena Fernández, Ramón García

Gambi, Thiago Rosado Grompone Velásquez, Álvaro

Universidade Estadual de Campinas Universidade Federal do ABC Universidade de São Paulo Universidade Federal de Alfenas Instituto de Estudios Peruanos

Gualerzi, Davide

Università di Padova

Finamor, Lucas

Guizzo, Danielle Hespanhol, GianCarlo Hochstrasser, Timothy Howe, Anthony

Universidade Federal do Paraná Universidade de São Paulo London School of Economics and Political Science University of East Anglia

90

mmfajardoh@gmail. com milena.foliveira@gmail. com ramon.garcia.fernandez@gmail.com lucasfinamor@gmail. com thiago.gambi@uol. com.br agrompone@iep.org.pe davide.gualerzi@unipd.it danielleguizzo@gmail. com gian.hespanhol@usp. br t.hochstrasser@lse. ac.uk A.C.Howe@uea.ac.uk

Hurtado, Jimena

Universidad de los Andes

Kerstenetzky, Jaques

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Centre for Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University Universidade Federal do Paraná Universidade Federal da Bahia Università del Salento / Universidad Nacional General Sarmiento

Khodaiji, Sharmin Kremer, Rodrigo Leite Krivochein, Conrado Lampa, Roberto

jihurtad@uniandes. edu.co jkersten@ufrj.br sharminkhodaiji@ gmail.com kremer@fesppr.br raconra@gmail.com robertolampa@gmail. com jeromelange@yahoo. com fernandoribe@hotmail. com

Lange, Jérôme

Université Paris Descartes

Leite Neto, Fernando Ribeiro

INSPER

Love, Joseph

University of Illinois

j-love2@illinois.edu

Marcuzzo, Maria Cristina

Università di Roma “La Sapienza”

Meardon, Stephen

Bowdoin College

cristina.marcuzzo@uniroma1.it smeardon@bowdoin. edu marcelosbmf@gmail. com nisizawa@ier.hit-u. ac.jp leonardodiasnunes@ hotmail.com

Mello Filho, Marcelo Cedeplar – Universidade Bandeira Federal de Minas Gerais Nischizawa, TamotTeikyo University su Universidade Estadual de Nunes, Leonardo Campinas Financial University under Nureev, Rustem nureev50@gmail.com the Russian Government Cedeplar – Universidade oliveiraeconomia@ Oliveira, Thiago Federal de Minas Gerais gmail.com

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Paula, João Antonio de Ramalho da Silva, Danilo

Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Universidade Federal do ABC

Robles, Claudio

Universidad Adolfo Ibañez claudio.robles.o@uai.cl

Romero Sotelo, Maria Eugenia

Souza Luz, Manuel Ramón

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Universidade Estadual Ponta Grossa Universidade Estadual de Campinas Universidade de São Paulo

Sunna, Claudia

Università del Salento

Suprinyak, Carlos Eduardo

Cedeplar – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

manuelramon06@ gmail.com claudia.sunna@unisalento.it suprinyak@cedeplar. ufmg.br

Takami, Norikazu

Hitotsubashi University

takami.jp@gmail.com

Salomão, Ivan Simiqueli, Roberto

Universidade de São Paulo Escola Superior de AgriTerci, Eliana Tadeu cultura Luiz de Queiroz – ESALQ/USP Theocarakis, Nich- National University of olas Athens Valladão de Mattos, Universidade de São PauLaura lo Tammone, Natalia

92

jpaula@cedeplar.ufmg. br danilofrs@gmail.com

meromero@prodigy. net.mx ivansalomao@gmail. com rrsimiqueli@gmail.com

ntammone@gmail.com etterci@usp.br ntheocar@econ.uoa.gr lauramattos@usp.br

CALL FOR PAPERS (next ESHET Conference)

93

European Society for the History of Economic Thought XIX Annual Conference Great Controversies in Economics Roma Tre University, 14-16 May 2015 The 19th Annual Conference of the European Society for the History of Economic Thought (ESHET) will take place in Rome, Roma Tre University, 14-16 May 2015. Proposals for papers or sessions on all aspects of the history of economic thought are welcome. An abstract of about 400 words for a paper and 600 words for a session should be submitted on the conference website no later than January12th, 2015.

Note that: a) published papers are not eligible for submission; b) only one conference presentation is allowed per person (but more than one submission may be accepted, if involving co-authors who are also presenting); c) session proposals must conform with a standard format (3 papers, 90 min).

Particularly welcome are proposals of papers and sessions that fall into the ESHET 2015 conference theme: Great controversies in economics The clash of opinions constitutes one of the main driving forces in the advancement of knowledge. While this applies to all the sciences, controversies in the study of economic phenomena have a particularly significant role. The changing nature of the subject matter of economic theory over time and space, the circumstance that economists, with their value judgements, belong to the system they themselves study, and the fact that no economic theory is neutral in terms of its social and welfare implications may account for this.

A list of the great controversies in the history of economic thought may well include the monetary controversies of the19th century, the Methodenstreit, the Cambridge controversy over the theory of capi94

tal, and, more recently, disputes over rules vs. discretion, fiscal austerity and the causes and consequences of economic crises from the Great Depression to the present day.

These controversies, unquestionably significant per se, can be regarded as instances of deeper fault lines characterizing the evolution of economic thinking over time. Two main divides come immediately to mind in this respect. First, over the issue as to whether a market-based economy tends naturally to use its resources in the best possible way without any State intervention beyond that of providing basic infrastructure and protecting property rights: a matter of concern from the times of the General Glut controversy that saw Malthus opposed to Ricardo down to the debates that have marked the evolution of macroeconomics since the publication of Keynes’ General Theory. Closely connected to this first issue is the following: whether and, if so, to what extent the allocation and distribution of resources affect and are themselves affected by different social groups and institutions or are solely determined by technology, preferences and endowments (as exemplified by the differing views on wage determination entertained by classical, institutional or neoclassical economists). The well-known methodological divide between the mainly deductive approach to the study of economic problems and other approaches that attribute more weight to historical-inductive reasoning or specific perspectives (e.g. feminist economics) cuts across the issues mentioned above.

Participants are welcome to address any issue related to specific and general controversies in economics or the effectiveness of communication between different schools of thought or the importance of pluralism in economics.

YOUNG SCHOLARS SEMINAR ESHET invites young scholars -- persons currently enrolled in a PhD, or who have been awarded a PhD no more than two years prior to 95

May 2015 (and regardless of age) -- to submit their work to the Young Scholars Seminar to be held on the occasion of tjhe ESHET Conference.

Up to six submissions will be selected: ESHET will cover travel expenses up to €300, accommodation costs up to €80/night for three nights, and the registration fee. The authors of the selected papers will have 20 minutes each to present the paper, and a senior sholar will disscuss it. Papers may be on any topic relevant to the history of economic thought, and are not restricted to the conference theme.

Candidates should e-mail a paper no longer than 9000 words to Professors Richard Sturn (richard.sturn@uni-graz.au) and Annalisa Rosselli (annalisa.rosselli@uniroma2.it) by February 9th, 2015. Authors will be notified about the result of the selection process by March 23rd, 2015.

Please include documentation of your (and your co-authors) position vis à vis your PhD, and indicate in the Subject of your e-mail: for Young Scholars Seminar.

ESHET encourages young scholars to participate in the conference.

A one-year ESHET membership is offered to all young scholars who submit a paper. Papers that have not been selected will be considered for presentation at other conference sessions.

The Scientific Committee Tony Aspromourgos (The University of Sydney) José Luis Cardoso (Universidade de Lisboa) Roberto Ciccone (Università Roma Tre) Cristina Marcuzzo (Sapienza Università di Roma) Annalisa Rosselli (Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”) Antonella Stirati (Università Roma Tre)

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Become a member of the European Society for the History of Economic Thought http://www.eshet.net/index.php?a=22

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