February-09 by Recharge India

Contents Issue 19, February 2009 6

Remanufacturing Instructions

Brother HL 4040 Series Toner cartridges

23 Cover Story All About Trade Shows

Bindu M. Nair Editor Vijay Jamadar Design & Concept 099021 35669

Industry News

Static Control Training Information Available on Webinars, Laser printers cleared of toner dust hazard ,But ultra-fine particles still causing concern, Recharger Magazine's ReIndia Expo Provides Global Business Opportunity. Future Graphics Imaging Corporation, Static Control's Webinars Now Online Announces Expanded Lab and Sales Facilities in China, Static Control Announces New Information Platform “Straight Talk”

37 Product Launch

Publisher : Veerendra Chopra # 63, 1st Floor, 5th Cross, Malleswaram, Bangalore - 560 003. Ph: +91-80-23312014 E-mail: info@rechargeindia.com Printed at : Lakshmi Mudranalaya # 117/2, 5th Main, Chamarajpet, Bangalore - 560 018. INDIA Ph : +91 80 26613123, 26618752

37 Static Control Releases New Starter Chips for the HP® P1005, P1505 and Cp1215, Static Control Releases New Odyssey® Toner for the HP® 3000, 3600 and 3800 and for Canon® Image Runner LBP 5360, Uninet To Add Xerox Phaser 3250 38 Expand Your Profits Remanufacturing Colour Okidata® Cartridges With Components From Static Control, Uninet Releases Brother Hl-4040/tn-110 Cartridge Remanufacturing Instructions, Uninet Qualifies New Products For Kyocera Km-f1060, Uninet To Add Xerox Phaser 3600 39 UniNet Releases HP CP-2025 Absolute Color, Smartchips, Future Graphics Releases Toners for Brother HL-4000 Color Series, Uninet To Add Xerox Phaser 3635 Mfp, Future Graphics Releases Toner for Brother HL2170 40 Faroudja Toner Offering Smartchips for HP CP 2025, Color Imaging Expands Its Okidata offerings, UniNet Releases HP CP-2025 Absolute Color, Smartchips, Hi & Bestech Releases Chip for Xerox Phaser 6125 Color Printer

While every effort is made to ensure authenticity in the preparation of this publication, the publisher and editors can not be held responsible for its contents. The views of contributors to the magazine are not necessarily those of the publishers. All trademark names cited in the magazines are property of their respective owners. Product brand names mentioned are intended to show compatibility only. Press releases, company profiles, articles and opinions are all welcome.

Owned and Published by M. J. Prashanth Kumar from 733, 1st Floor, 6th Cross, Kempegowda Layout, BSK 3rd Phase, 3rd Stage, Bangalore - 560085 and Printed by Mr. Ashok Kumar.B.R at Lakshmi Mudranalaya, 117/2, 5th Main, Chamrajpet, Bangalore - 560018, India, Ph: 91 80 26613123. Editor Bindu M. Nair

41 MSE Releases HP P4014/P4015/P4515 compatibles, Oasis Releases Products for the Samsung ML 1630, Oasis Releases Products For The Samsung Ml 1630

42 Company Profile Indian Toners and Developers Ltd.

46 OEM News 46

Canon takes legal action?,Cartridge Costs Increase up to 6 Percent, United States: Court Rejects Per Se Rule For Vertical "Market Allocation" Agreement

Hewlett-Packard's decision to eliminate nearly 25,000 of its 320,000 jobs worldwide is expected to have a significant impact on its Indian operations too.

Ninestar, Dataproducts lose appeal

50 Technical 50 52

Color Pigments: A Long - Term Opportunity in Desktop Bulk Ink Market The Chemistry of Toner Polymers

58 Advertiser Index & Association Contacts

February 2009

Editor’s Note Hi Friends, This year has surely begun with a pleasant note; good improvement, better ideas and the best of responses. We extend our heartfelt gratitude towards our readers. The imaging industry is all set for the Recharger India Expo scheduled during the first week of March in Mumbai. There is great lot of excitement and equal hopes pinned with this expo. Keeping this in view, the cover story of this issue is decided as “Trade expos”. The article focuses on the influence of trade expos on trade and economy and also the factors to be considered before, during and after trade expos. We are constantly trying to 'Indianize' the magazine, to be precise trying to include more of features pertaining to Indian Imaging Industry; like the product launch, industry news and so. The magazine expects the valuable co-operation of all its readers to make this venture possible. This issue aims at focusing on the pioneer in the imaging industry, “Indian Toners and Developers Limited”, along with the product launch, industry news, OEM news and the remanufacturing instructions of “Brother HL 4040 Series Toner Cartridges”. Looking forward for your valuable suggestions. Please write in your suggestions and queries to editor@rechargeindia.com. Best Regards Bindu M. Nair, Editor

February 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

Remanufacturing the Brother

HL 4040 Series Toner Cartridges by Mike Josiah and the Technical Staff at Summit Technologies â&#x20AC;&#x201D; A distributor of Summit and UniNet products

are different reset gears used for the LY and HY cartridges. Figures 1 and 2 on the next page show the new toner detection system and the developer bias voltages when a new cartridge is installed. When the printer senses a new toner cartridge, the bias voltage is set to a high voltage. As the cartridge is used, the bias voltage is reduced gradually down to a lower voltage. This process is necessary because, according to Brother, a new toner cartridge has a tendency to print light. As the cartridge is used, the density increases. To keep the density level even throughout its life, the density bias voltage is reduced accordingly. (See Figure 2) This is why there are two different reset gears. For the low life cartridge, the gear has one rib and the bias voltage is reduced over the life of 2,500/1,500 pages. For the highyield cartridge, the gear has two ribs and the bias voltage is reduced over 5000/4000 pages.

The Brother HL-4040 printer engine is based on a new 21-ppm black and color, 2,400-by-600 dpi color laser engine. The machines come standard with 64 MB expandable to 576 MB of memory, and all run off a 300 MHz-processor. With print speeds of 21 ppm and a list price starting at $299, these machines are becoming very popular.

Each time a new cartridge is installed, Gear 1 (See Figure 1) engages the gear train. The rib on the reset gear pushes down on the upper reset lever that is attached to the drum unit. This lever turns and pushes up the new cartridge actuator. The bias voltage is then reset, and the cartridge page count is reset to zero.

The toner cartridges do not have a reset chip on them, but do have a reset gear that must be positioned properly for the machine to accept it as a new cartridge. From my research, the starter cartridges that initially came with new printers (TN-110) did not come with rest gears, but all the new starters I have seen now do. The proper reset positions of the gears will be covered later in this instruction.

While the cartridge yield is stated in pages printed, it actually is based on the revolutions of the developer roller. The upper limit for the HY black is 111,000 revolutions or 6,000 pages x 18.5 revolutions. Brother factors in 18.5

As with some of the Brother monochrome cartridges, there

FEBRUARY 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

revolutions per page to account for the actual number of revolutions when printing plus the idle rotation revolutions that occur when the printer is on and idle. The stated yield of the HY black cartridge is 5,000 pages at 5 percent coverage. The upper limit allows for less toner per page to be used before the printer stops printing.

When the printer is in a monochrome print mode versus a color print mode, the C, M, and Y cartridge developer rollers are disengaged so that only the black developer roller has any revolutions. There are also different versions of the TN-110 as far as the non-reset gears in the cartridge itself. The initial cartridges had an idle gear positioned above the gear train, and the newer cartridges have the idle gear positioned below. This only matters if you want to convert a LY TN- 110 to a HY TN-115 cartridge. Because of the gear positioning, the older style cartridges with the idle gear on top of the gear train cannot be converted to a HY. There are two different yielding series of toner cartridges available for these machines, the TN-110 and the TN-115. The yields of the cartridges as well as the various worldwide versions are listed below.

The drum unit is new as well: part number DR-110CL and is rated for 17,000 pages. This unit has four separate drums laid out in line. It will be covered in a future article. Other consumables are the transfer belt â&#x20AC;&#x201D; rated for 50,000 pages â&#x20AC;&#x201D; and the waste toner box, that is rated for 20,000 pages

The diameter of the gears is smaller in the old version, and cannot handle the stress of a HY load. There are no problems converting the new style cartridges. Figure 3 shows the old style TN-110 and Figure 4 shows the new style.

FEBRUARY 2009

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Remanufacturing Instructions

Europe, Middle East, Africa

TN-130BK

2,500 pages

TN-130C/M/Y

1,500 pages

TN-135BK

5,000 pages

TN-135C/M/Y

4,000 pages

Asia, Australia TN-150BK

2,500 pages

TN-150C/M/Y

1,500 pages

TN-155BK

5,000 pages

TN-155C/M/Y

4,000 pages

China

TN-170BK

2,500 pages

TN-170C/M/Y

1,500 pages

TN-175BK

5,000 pages

TN-175C/M/Y

4,000 pages

If youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re familiar with Brother cartridges, you know they do not work like other manufacturersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; cartridges. This series of printers is no exception. Because of that, we will cover the printing theory here.

HL-4040CN HL-4050CDN HL-4070CDW DCP-9040CN DCP-9045CDN MFC-9440CN MFC-9840CDW

North America TN-110BK

2,500 pages

TN-110C/M/Y

1,500 pages

TN-115BK

5,000 pages

TN-115C/M/Y

4,000 pages

South America (Except Argentina) TN-110BK

2,500 pages

TN-110C/M/Y

1,500 pages

TN-115BK

5,000 pages

TN-115C/M/Y

4,000 pages

Figure 5 shows a broad overview of the printing process and the component locations. As you can see these machines use a single pass type system. Figure 6 is a simple diagram that shows the six basic steps in the printing process.

Argentina TN-115BK

5,000 pages

TN-155C/M/Y

4,000 pages

In the first stage, the Primary Corona Wire places a uniform negative 870 VDC voltage on the Corona wire grid

FEBRUARY 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

which then charges the OPC drum surface. The amount of the negative DC voltage placed on the drum is controlled by the printerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s intensity setting. See Figure 7 on next page.

While most manufacturers have switched over their production to PCRs to eliminate ozone health issues, Brother states that the amount of ozone expelled from the printer is less than 3.0 mg/h and therefore not harmful to the human body and that applicable safety standards have been complied with. In the second stage, each color laser beam is fired onto a rotating mirror (called the scanner). In this system, four separate beams are focused through a series of lenses, bounced off a mirror and then to the scanner motor or polygon mirror as listed in the diagram. The beam then strikes the drumâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surface, reducing the negative charge

This Brother system uses four separate laser units and one scanner mirror. The top of Figure 8 shows the top view of the different lasers, the bottom half shows the view from the right side. The third or developing stage is where the toner is developed on the drum by the developing section (or supply chamber), which contains the toner particles. The development stage is actually made up of two steps: toner charging and the actual development. In the toner charging stage, the foam feed roller brings the toner to the devel- 7 oper roller. The developer roller has a charge placed on it

6 and leaving a latent electrostatic image on the drum. The areas where the laser did not strike the drum will retain the higher negative charge.

FEBRUARY 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

based on the density setting and the amount of pages printed as set by the reset gear. The doctor blade controls the amount of toner on the roller. As the laser exposed areas of the OPC Drum approach the developer roller, the toner particles are attracted to the drumâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surface due to the opposite voltage potentials of the toner, and laser-exposed areas of the OPC drum. See Figures 9 and 10.

12 stacked to get different colors. After the transfer takes place, the printer turns on a set of LED lamps that irradiate the drums surface to keep the surface potential constant. This step helps eliminate ghost images.

The fourth stage is the transfer stage. In the transfer stage, the transfer roller that is located directly opposite each OPC drum places a positive DC bias charge on the back of the image transfer belt. Each toner cartridge has a separate transfer charge roller. The image is transferred from the drum directly to the paper. This process is repeated for each color cartridge in the following order: black, yellow, magenta, and cyan. See Figure 11.

In the fifth stage, the image is then fused onto the paper with the fuser assembly. The fuser assembly is comprised of the upper heating roller and lower pressure roller. The

FEBRUARY 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

lower pressure roller presses the page up into the upper heating roller that then melts the toner into the paper. This heating assembly consists of a hard metal-coated roller with a halogen lamp inside. See Figure 13.

The sixth stage is where the drum is cleaned. The drum is cleaned after the image is transferred to the paper by a cleaning roller. This roller uses a DC voltage to attract the residual toner off the drum. After the cleaning roller has cleaned the drum, the DC potential is raised and the toner is then transferred back to the drum, where it is then transferred to the image transfer belt. The waste toner is then cleaned off the belt by the belt-cleaning roller and stored in the belt waste chamber. See Figure 14. While this is taking place, the developer roller is moved away from the drum so that it is not contaminated by the waste toner. This cleaning system, while somewhat similar to other Brother systems, is different in that none of the waste toner is recycled back into the new toner supply.

Tools required 1) Toner-approved vacuum 2) Phillips-head screwdriver

Instructions on how to run test pages, printer troubleshooting as well as common cartridge problems will be covered at the end of this article.

3) Small common screwdriver 4) Needle-nose pliers Supplies required

1) Brother HL-4040 Toner Choose the correct color and gram weight for your cartridge 2) Reset gear for the older starter cartridge or if converting a LY to a HY cartridge (See text) 3) Lint-free cotton cloths 4) Toner magnet cloths Remanufacturing instructions Vacuum the exterior of the cartridge. Be careful not to damage the developer roller as it is exposed. Remove the fill plug from the toner cartridge. Dump the remaining toner and vacuum/blow out the cartridge. There will probably be a label over the fill plug. It comes off with a little alcohol and a lint-free cloth or cotton swab. See Figures 15 and 16.

Remove the handle by sliding the handle to the right and pulling back on the tab with your finger. See Figures 17 and 18.

FEBRUARY 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

While this is taking place, the developer roller is moved away from the drum so that it is not contaminated by the waste toner. This cleaning system, while somewhat similar to other Brother systems, is different in that none of the waste toner is recycled back into the new toner supply. Instructions on how to run test pages, printer troubleshooting as well as common cartridge problems will be covered at the end of this article.

With the handle facing you, remove the two screws on the left end cap. See Figure 19.

FEBRUARY 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

Lift up on the tab indicated and remove the end cap. See Figure 20.

Move the white plastic locking tab on the right side of the developer roller to the up position. See Figure 23.

Remove all the gears and reset spring. See Figure 21. Gently pry off the white bushing on the opposite side of the developer roller. Be careful not to lose the spring! See Figure 24.

Remove the E-ring and developer roller gear. See Figure 22.

22 Remove the developer roller. See Figure 25.

FEBRUARY 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

Vacuum/blow the cartridge clean. Be sure to rotate the foam feed roller so it is fully cleaned. See Figure 26.

Inspect the magnetic roller felts. If they are compressed (shiny), rough them up with a small screwdriver. See Figure 28.

26 28

Vacuum/blow the doctor blade. We do not recommend that the doctor blade be removed as the developer roller felt seals will be disturbed. Once a new blade is available, great care will have to be taken not to tear the seals causing a leak. The doctor blade can be easily cleaned by blowing the excess toner off, and wiping down with a lint-free cloth. Be very careful not to leave any lint behind and do not use any chemicals to clean it! See Figure 27.

Clean the developer roller with a lint free cloth. Do not use any chemicals to clean the roller. A dry, clean, lint free cloth will work fine. Reinstall the developer roller long shaft side to the gear side, and white lock pointing up. Turn the lock towards the doctor blade until it locks in place. See Figures 29 and 30.

30 The Deadline for receiving Advertisements & Press releases is 20th of preceding month.

FEBRUARY 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

Install the spring and bushing on the non-gear side of the roller. Make sure the bushing moves freely. See Figure 31.

Clean the gears, making sure that they have no toner on them. This is a good time to also check the gear shafts to make sure there is enough grease. If the shafts appear dry, or the grease is contaminated with toner, clean the shaft and inside of the gear. Replace the grease with white lithium grease. See Figure 33.

Install the spring and bushing on the non-gear side of the roller. Make sure the bushing moves freely. See Figure 31.

31 Set the reset gear and spring as shown. The tail of the spring fits into a notch at the base of the gear. There are different gears for the TN-110 and TN-115. Each should be set as shown. See Figures 34 and 35.

Install the developer roller gear and E-ring. See Figure 32.

34 32

Install the gear cover plate, and two screws. See Figure 36.

FEBRUARY 2009

Remanufacturing Instructions

Install the cartridge handle. See Figure 37.

Wipe the cartridge down to remove any remaining toner dust.

Install the developer roller cover. This is important as the developer roller is exposed and is easily damaged or contaminated. See Figure 40.

Fill the cartridge with the appropriate color and amount of Brother HL-4040 toner. See Figure 38.

38 Printing a Test Page: Printer Setting pages: Press the OK button three times while the printer is in the READY state. The printer will show “Print Settings/printing” on the LCD. The HL-4040/4050 will run three pages; the HL4070 will run four pages. Drum Cleaning page: Press the UP or DOWN arrows until “Maintenance 31” shows on the display Press OK The display shows “Drum Cleaning”

Replace the fill plug. See Figure 39.

Load the cleaning sheet into the MP tray Press GO

The cleaning process is started! Machine Troubleshooting All the machine error codes are in plain English so there is no need to go into them here. Repetitive Defect Chart Developer Roller 37.4mm OPC Drum 75.0mm Upper Fuser Roller 78.5mm Lower Pressure Roller 78.5mm

FEBRUARY 2009

Cover Story

ALL ABOUT TRADE SHOWS INTRODUCTION A trade fair (trade show or expo) is an exhibition organized so that companies in a specific industry can showcase and demonstrate their latest products, service, study activities of rivals and examine recent Trade shows can be rewarding business experiences for both exhibitors and attendees. t r e n d s a n d opportunities. Some trade fairs are open to the public, while others can only be attended by company representatives (members of the trade) and members of the press, therefore trade shows are classified as either "Public" or "Trade Only". They are held on a continuing basis in virtually all markets and normally attract companies from around the globe. There are currently over 2500 trade shows held every year in the U.S. alone, and several online directories have been established to help organizers, attendees, and marketers identify appropriate events. Tr a d e fa i r s o f t e n involve a considerable marketing investment by participating c o mp a n i e s . C o s t s include space rental, d e s i g n a n d construction of trade s h o w d i s p l a y s , Show attendees network at the 2008 Recharger Reindia Expo. telecommunications and networking, travel, accommodations, and promotional literature and items to give to attendees. In addition, costs are incurred at the show for services such as electrical, booth cleaning, internet services, and drayage (also known as material handling). Consequently, cities often promote trade shows as a means of economic development. The cartridge remanufacturing industry continues to grow, both in terms of revenue and marketing budgets. And

nowhere is this more evident than at the trade shows. Often, this trade show represents the single most expensive marketing investment that a company undertakes each year. Each year, the numbers of companies exhibiting at these shows grow, making it increasingly significant in boosting the economy. Companies choose to exhibit at trade shows because they offer a solid payback. Furthermore, in a world filled with emails, voice mails and Web sites, trade shows offer a valuable opportunity to build in-person relationships. In fact, according to the Center for Exhibition Industry Research (CEIR) in Chicago, the average cost of closing a sale with a trade-show lead is about half of the cost of closing a non-trade-show-generated lead. CEIR explains that this is due to two key facts: first, generating leads at trade shows is less costly than traditional methods, and second, it takes less follow-up to close a trade-show-generated lead (1.3 telephone calls) than to complete a deal where the prospect is not initially contacted at a trade show (3.7 telephone calls). More often than not, the actual success (productivity) of the hard work that went into planning and pulling off a trade show (activity) is a direct result of what happens, or doesn't happen, not at the show, but afterwards. The one area that dramatically affects trade-show success more than any other, and is in direct and total control, is following up after the show. Exhibiting at a trade show can be a wonderful experience. You make new contacts, show off your wares, and boast about the great services your company offers. It can be an incredibly rewarding event, provided you survive the stress of preparing for it.

THE BEGINNING OF IT ALL â&#x20AC;Ś. For the first time, cartridge remanufacturers from Arizona and neighboring states were given the opportunity to attend a locally organized educational event when the Arizona Cartridge Remanufacturers Association sponsored its first seminar and vendor trade show on April 18 and 19,1997 at the Phoenix Airport Hilton Hotel. More than 60 participants from three different states and 11 local and national vendors took part in the event.

FEBRUARY 2009

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Cover Story

A no-host dinner and presentations by Glenn Harris of the Harris Group, Inc. and Martin Baird of Robinson & Associates Marketing Group kicked off the two-day program. Harris shared information on a variety of plant productivity and cartridge production issues. Baird gave tips on marketing in the 90s, including the use of technology to make the marketing job more interesting and fun.

There are hands on labs, several seminars and demonstrations and of course the exhibit floor which makes the trade expos beneficial in a multi dimensional way. Advance planning on how to best view the trade show floor will pay off. If you currently are happy with the suppliers you work with, make a point of paying them a visit. Take some time to examine their product line, especially new items and those you are unfamiliar with. Meet your sales rep face to face. It's good business and strengthens your bond. The fact that you are serious enough to spend the time and money to attend the show speaks volumes about your commitment and will not go unnoticed.

The second day's activities included 24 different roundtable workshops covering everything from cartridge clinics and printer repairs to account collection and business promotion ideas. Total success is the best way to describe the June 28, 1997, industry trade show in Toledo, Ohio, sponsored by the Ohio Recycled Cartridge Association. Culminating months of preparation by the ORCA officers and board members, the show was almost problem-free due to the extensive amount of planning and work performed by the all-volunteer staff.

TRADE SHOW INSIGHTS

Similarly, if you are at the show to find new suppliers, you will not be disappointed. Supplier selection is key to your success. Preparing a short list of questions would help to evaluate many suppliers offering similar product lines. One can even consider the product specifications and business policies that are important for the company. Free sample of the product given, special offerings and discounted prices are all added advantages.

Some trade shows and conventions seem to traditionally be more of a social gathering and an excuse to party with peers than a legitimate educational business opportunity. Even if this is true, this is a chance each year to experience the essence of the industry. Good trade shows are much more than a trade shows. They combine floor exhibits from virtually all suppliers with invaluable hands-on workshops and seminars on topics ranging from business management techniques to selling service contracts.

If you are at the show to discover new items to assimilate into your product line, you'll have the opportunity to visually inspect them, and in many cases, see a demonstration. Use the map of the floor plan to mark essential booths to visit. Glance through the list of exhibitors in this magazine. Consider requesting catalogs in advance of the show from the suppliers that pique your interest. This will allow you to preview their products and note any questions you want specific answers to.

It would be safe to say that any newcomer, with careful planning and course scheduling, can learn more about this industry in four days than the old-timers spent years learning. It does not matter if one is just starting out or still in the planning stages of launching a new company. This also applies to those who have been in the business for a while and are considering expanding their offerings and product lines to incorporate advancing technologies and new-to-market products. Everyone benefits and everyone has something to learn at the expos.

INDIA PERSPECTIVE India's first ever trade show for remanufacturing industry, ReIndia Expo, was organized by the leading US-based information resource for the document printing industry aftermarket, Recharger Magazine. It was held in Mumbai in 2008. Recharger Magazine, headquartered in the U.S., is the leading monthly trade journal for the document printing industry aftermarket. Recharger Magazine's complement of global events includes Reciclamais Expo, South America's

FEBRUARY 2009

Cover Story

ReChina Asia Expo, the leading event showcasing the Asia Pacific regions; ReMacau Expo, the newest addition to the portfolio; and World Expo, the world's most important gathering for the document printing industry aftermarket.

Do your research. You need to choose the trade shows that will give your business the best ROI in terms of your goals. If your goal is on-site sales, having a booth at that big splashy trade show where your booth is one of a dozen that sell similar products may not be the best choice.

“Recharger Magazine made the important decision several years ago to invest a lot of time and money into what we determined was to be a very important market for the future in the remanufacturing industry – India. This investment was strategically planned to be long-term. We know the remanufacturing industry in India has a great future ahead; it simply requires long-term investments from companies like Recharger Magazine to help grow and develop the market.” said Recharger's Publisher Patricia Ames.

You want to choose a trade show that best targets the audience that you want to reach, and best suits your participation goals. Find out what the particular trade show's objectives are, and investigate and evaluate the show's audience. Once you've chosen a particular trade show to attend, plan your budget and book your space.

She added “Recharger is unique in what it brings to the industry. We have the original trade show for the remanufacturing industry, which is one of the largest, Recharger World Expo. It has been held now for 14 years in a row and remains one of the industry's largest shows. Recharger also has the leading industry publication, Recharger Magazine, which is now going into its 20th year. We also put on the biggest remanufacturing show in the world – ReChina Asia Expo, and have shows in Brazil and Macau. We are the industry leader globally and because of that, have a certain respect in the global market. That allows us to do things other companies are not able to. “

Find out everything you can about your space, including where it is on the floor, what kind of other exhibits will be around it, whether it's a high traffic or low traffic area, and the physical conditions of the booth space, such as lighting. Plan your exhibit in terms of your audience. Who is it that you're targeting with your trade show display? Retail customers? Wholesale buyers? Other businesses in your industry? Different audiences "shop" trade shows differently, and have different needs. Advertise in advance. Put the word out that you're participating in a particular trade show, by inviting your clients, customers, suppliers, and other contacts to attend the show. (Be sure you give them all the details, such as your booth number.) If you have one, be sure to advertise your coming trade show attendance on your Web site as well.

TRADE SHOW TIPS FOR EXHIBITORS Trade shows can be an incredibly effective promotion and sales tool for small businesses. Whether you're a trade show tyro, or an experienced trade show participant, these tips will help you get the best return on investment from any trade show you attend.

So now you're ready to attend that trade show - almost. Following are a few tips for putting together a trade show display that will woo your audience and some tips for making sure that your trade show booth is one of the ones that draws the crowd.

Set clear goals for your trade show participation. What do you want to get out of it? Do you expect to sell a particular amount of inventory at the trade show, or expect to become known to a certain number of wholesale suppliers? Are you focusing on promotion or hoping to launch a new product?

Your trade show display is one of the most important aspects of your trade show presentation. Just being there isn't enough to make attending a trade show worthwhile. You need to have a trade show booth that's going to draw and engage potential customers and contacts and your

You can have more than one goal, of course, but the point is that you need to be clear about what your participation in the trade show is going to achieve.

FEBRUARY 2009

Cover Story

trade show display will play a big part in determining if your trade show experience is worthwhile.

Encourage people to participate. l Make it easy for booth visitors to get information.

Use signs in your trade show display to give information about prices, minimum orders, shipping costs, or any other basic information they might need to know, to save them the trouble of having to wait to ask when you're busy with another potential customer.

Here are some trade show display tips: Think neatness and visibility when putting your l trade show display together. Use a display board to hang some of your products at customer eye-level to draw them into your display. Make sure your display is organized and tidy; customers will be turned off by messiness or by having to do too much searching to find what they want.

l Make sure you have plenty of promotional literature

on hand. You'll want to have a good supply of color fliers and brochures as well as order forms, price sheets and business cards that you can hand out to booth visitors so it will be easy for them to find all the information they need about your business later. You should also have a press kit prepared for the trade media.

Have all your prices clearly marked. l Build the impression of demand into your trade l show display. Customers will want your products more if they think they're in high demand. Place a strategic sold sign on one or two items. You might even leave a display spot empty, giving the impression that you've been too busy to restock.

l Be ready to do business.

Be sure you have a good supply of order forms, pens, credit card slips, or anything else you need to conduct sales and keep track of people's orders.

Pull a crowd to your trade show booth. l

l Have your trade show booth manned at all times.

Use an interactive display, such as a quiz or game on a computer, a contest draw, a scheduled demonstration; it doesn't need to be fancy to draw people's interest and get them to cluster around your trade show display rather than the others. At a gardening trade show, I once saw over 50 people crowding around to watch an exhibitor demonstrate how to turn compost!

Someone has to be there to greet browsers, engage them in conversation, and take their questions. If you can't be there every minute the trade show is open, you'll need to have at least one other person help man your booth. l Actively engage trade booth visitors.

Have a stock of promotion items that you can use as l

Give people who approach your trade show display a friendly welcome, and let them welcome their questions. Be sure your body language is friendly; don't stand there with your arms crossed over your chest, for instance. "Chat" with booth visitors, and find out what aspect of your business they're most interested in. Be prepared to offer specific solutions to their questions. The trick is to draw them in without intimidating or overwhelming them.

giveaways at your booth. Small items that people can take away and use (while being reminded about your business) are best. Be sure you place these items in a location where people will have to walk into or through your trade show display to get them. Use a prize draw or contest. l Having some kind of prize draw or contest is a great way to collect contact information from booth visitors. You can give away promotion items to

l Follow up promptly.

FEBRUARY 2009

Cover Story

Take a light and comfortable "carry-all" for l

Send out email, regular mail, or make the phone calls to follow up on the contacts and leads you made during the trade show as soon as possible. The faster you send them out, the more your business will stand out from the rest.

accumulated materials. Plastic bags are often uncomfortable as they cut into your hands. Make travel and hotel reservations early to maximize l on discounted rates.

Trade shows can be incredible sources of contacts and customers for your business - if you choose your trade show venue carefully and plan in advance to have a successful trade show experience.

Stay at a hotel closest to the convention site to save on l traveling and to give you a place to rest, sort through information gathered, and refocus your energy. Plan the seminars/workshops you want to attend. l

Before the Show:

Split sessions with your colleagues to maximize data gathering.

Know what you want to achieve by visiting the show l and if the company is sending you understand what your boss wants you to achieve by attending the show.

Pre-register for the event and arrive 30 minutes before l opening to avoid standing in long lines.

Develop a plan of which exhibitors you want to visit l

At the Show:

and then organize your list into two parts - "must see" and "want to see" companies.

Revise your plan at the show. The show directory and l schedule often changes several times before a show.

Decide how much time you want to spend at the show l and then at each booth. Allow extra time for browsing, distractions and waiting in lines.

Collect information that is of interest to you or that l might interest others in your company. Request literature and samples be mailed instead of having to carry them with you.

Find out who else from your company is going to the l show and develop a plan to maximize your visit, especially at large shows.

Obtain a map of the city and know how to get to the l convention center.

Know what information you need to have from each l exhibitor. Research different vendors to find out how they differ and what is most important to you. Then plan intelligent questions to ask them.

Tell exhibitors you are on a tight time schedule to l

Design a lead gathering form to research for specific l

industry leaders. Get invited to exhibitor's hospitality suites/ receptions. At workshops introduce yourself to people around you - hand out/collect business cards. Hook up with new contacts at mealtimes for added information

avoid casual chatter and get straight down to business. Look for networking opportunities. Network with l

products/services to make accurate comparisons. Make appointments with exhibitors you really want to l meet with. Get map of where exhibitors located and prioritize l

Skip overly crowded booths and plan to come at end of l

our route.

day when traffic is slower.

Take plenty of business cards to avoid filling out forms. l

Check coats and bags so you don't have to drag them l

Pack comfortable shoes and clothing to wear on the l

around with you.

show floor. Walking shows is extremely tiring. Try insoles for extra comfort. Remember to leave room for things to bring back.

Carry a pad and pen to jot down important notes, or l have small tape recorder for note taking.

FEBRUARY 2009

Cover Story

Take a break after a few hours to refresh and get some l fresh air. Air in convention halls is dry, stale and draining. Drink water instead of pop/beer regularly to avoid dehydration. Write a trip report as you go along and summarize your l notes every evening. Be prepared to push for answers to questions l exhibitors are not prepared to answer. Avoid conversations with vendors you have no interest l in. Leave the show about 30 minutes before closing l toavoid long lines for busses and cabs. After the Show: Plan how you are going to implement information l gathered. Be prepared to follow-up after the show for literature l and samples requests.

CONCLUSION Despite the ongoing economic slowdown, the recentlyconcluded TAIT's COM-IT 2008 received an overwhelming response from the industry. "We were very much successful in inviting almost all the major brands to the expo," said Champakraj Gurjar, Director - Trade Association of Information Technology (TAIT). The sentiment can very well be seen from the fact that IMTEX 2009 exceeded expectations and boosted market sentiment. Covering 40,000 Sq.Mts. at the state of the art Bangalore Exhibition Centre, IMTEX 2009 had more than 900 exhibitors from about 25 countries displaying the latest products. The exhibition saw an unprecedented number of visitors. It is probably safe to conclude that Trade expos will probably do better in these difficult times as most players are looking at all the options to tide over this era.

Real time environment l Comprehensive training l World class equipment l Experienced trainers l

Cartridge Refill Academy

Totally hands on training l Exhaustive course l material Support after training l

Contact for World Class Training Facility

Monthly Batch Details Digvijay Enterprises

for

Inkjet and Toner Cartridge Refilling

#63, Ground Floor, 5th Cross Malleswaram Bangalore - 560003

Ph: 080-23312014

FEBRUARY 2009

Industrial News

higher than levels outside, which they assumed could include potentially dangerous toner dust.However, researchers at the Fraunhofer Wilhelm Klauditz Institute in Braunschweig looked into exact composition of the emissions."Some printers do emit ultra-fine particles made of volatile organic-chemical substances," says WKI Professor Tunga Salthammer. "But one essential property of these ultra-fine particles is their volatility, which indicates that we are not looking at toner dust.”

Static Control Training Information Available on Webinars SANFORD, N.C. - Static Control Components has created a new training format known as webinars. This interactive training program is a special service for Static Control customers. Each webinar comes with information about new releases and featured products. The webinars are packed with technical details as well as marketing knowledge.

Toner deaf

Customers will receive direct information and learn how to handle even the toughest remanufacturing situations through live "hands-on" demonstrations.

The scientists confirmed their conclusions by testing a range of printers without any paper or toner in them - and still detected the ultra-fine particles.They concluded that the particles were coming from the printers' fixing unit – a component that heats up as high as 220°C during the printing process in order to fix toner particles on the paper.Ultra-fine particles are produced by many household gadgets that have an electric motor or heating element such as toasters - but little research has been done into their possible toxicity.In any case, say Fraunhofer boffins, there's nothing to be done: "Our investigations show that as the ultra-fine particles are not emitted from a specific part of the printer, but also from the paper output, filters can only have a limited effect."

This is the most convenient and cost-effective way for customers to understand Static Controls products and receive training on the job, without ever leaving the office. It is a free service. A live question-and-answer section will allow customers to contact Static Control while they are watching the webinars. Static Control's Web site has a webinar guide with all the details for the training sessions and how-to log in. It is simple; just follow the prompts. Easy-user instructions will guide users through the entire session, so customers need no previous webinar experience using Web-based seminar programs.

Recharger Magazine's ReIndia Expo Provides Global Business Opportunity LAS VEGAS – Recharger Magazine's second annual ReIndia Expo will be held March 5-7 at the Bombay Exhibition Center in Mumbai. The event will help businesses engaged in the document printing industry meet economic challenges by fostering global business and providing new international partnerships.

At the end of each webinar Static Control offers a special discount on some introduced products for webinar users. Contact Static Control Components Visit: www.scc-inc.com Visit: www.scceurope.co.uk

“In the world's current economic climate it can't be business as usual; volatile market shifts require adaptability and a search for market-driven solutions,” said Recharger's Publisher Patricia Ames. “Many savvy industry leaders are recognizing the importance of establishing a global reach now more than ever. The 2009 Recharger ReIndia Expo will be critical to businesses wanting a global presence in this new economy.”

Laser printers cleared of toner dust hazard ,But ultrafine particles still causing concern Office workers can breathe easily now that German scientists have shown that laser printer emit 'hardly any' particles of black toner, a potential carcinogen.A previous study by the Queensland University of Technology found that printers emitted clouds of particles that were five times

FEBRUARY 2009

BRINGING A WORLD OF... BEST QUALITY PRODUCTS • HP® P-1005, P-4015, CP-1215 solutions within 3 months of OEM release!

LOWER MANUFACTURING COSTS • High yield toners provide up to 30% savings ™ • Multi-cycle SU MM IT OPC Drums

• Lowest cost chip solutions

LOWER DISTRIBUTION COSTS • New 110,000 SF Corporate facility in Los Angeles • New warehouses in Canada, Colombia and Dubai • Fast delivery to major cities worldwide

CUSTOMER SERVICE AT NO COST • STMC Training and Certification • Award winning Technical Support • Online Remanufacturing Instructions • Technical road shows • Over 500 employees providing personalized service to you!

WITHIN YOUR REACH

Industrial News

India remains one of the fastest growth regions, and Mumbai is recognized as one of the biggest IT hubs. ReIndia Expo 2009 provides tremendous new business opportunities and peer-to-peer networking in the imaging supplies aftermarket industry for both Indian and international companies. Many global businesses are seeking sales and distribution partnerships in India and China as well as new sources of supplies.

Wang Quiag and Bernard Yu are available 8:30am to 5:30pm Monday through Friday (8:30am to 12:30pm Saturday) to provide live technical support to customers. The expansion of the FGIC lab and sales facilities supports the China market with the highest technical and service levels in the industry. Chinese-language remanufacturing guides and video instructions are available by calling the sales staff at FGIC, China.

ReIndia Expo, which is free to attendees, also offers learning opportunities in technical, sales and marketing, and entrepreneurial areas at no additional cost. Valuable, in-demand instructional offerings range from the roots of the industry in cartridge remanufacturing to cutting-edge strategic offerings such as content management software and managed print.

Static Control Announces New Information Platform “Straight Talk” Static Control has added a new information tool to the website to provide direct information for professionals from the industry's leading professionals.

Recharger Magazine, headquartered in the U.S., is the leading monthly trade journal for the document printing industry aftermarket. Recharger Magazine's complement of global events includes Reciclamais Expo, South America's longest running and most successful industry event; ReChina Asia Expo, the leading event showcasing the Asia Pacific regions; ReMacau Expo, the newest addition to the portfolio; and World Expo, the world's most important gathering for the document printing industry aftermarket.

“Straight Talk” is the name of the new web page and email communication and is linked under Static Control's homepage (go to “Literature”). Just a click away: new product releases, technical bulletins and industry alerts are just a few of the topics on the new webpage. Static Control will tell your company important information and assist you in making the best business decisions for your remanufacturing business.

For more information visit http://rechargermag.com/conf/reindia2009/index.aspx

Static Control also wants your feedback. Send an email if you would like to see or read some specific topics.

Future Graphics Imaging Corporation Announces Expanded Lab and Sales Facilities in China

“Straight Talk” is informative, in keeping with Static Control's goal to provide you with the latest remanufacturing developments for you and your business.

Zhuhai, China – Future Graphics Imaging Corporation (FGIC) is pleased to announce the expansion of its technical and sales facilities at the Zhuhai office in China.

The Deadline for receiving Advertisements & Press releases is 20th of preceding month.

Led by Bernard Yu, a 20-year veteran of the imaging industry, the new thirty-five square meter lab is equipped with the latest technology to test yield and density for HP, Brother and Samsung monochrome and color cartridges. The lab is also capable of employing the STMC method when required by customers. Kenny Yu and Sherry Kong join the FGIC sales staff while

FEBRUARY 2009

Product Launch

Static Control Releases New Starter Chips for the HP P1005, P1505 and CP1215

SANFORD, N.C. Static Control announces the release of starter chips for the HP® P1005/1006, P1007/1008, P1505 and CP1215/1515/1518 cartridges that offer the same functionality as the OEM chips and are the most reliable in the aftermarket remanufacturing industry. Like all Static Control chips, these replacement chips are 100% QC tested for the highest standard of quality control. The starter chip is specially designed for the “introductory cartridge or starter cartridge”, which may occupy as much as 50% of empties available now. These cartridges are shipped with new printers and have reduced page yields. Using standard chips on these cartridges can lead to unexpected printing of blank pages. These chips are designed specifically for these starter cartridges. This is the only way to make sure they work properly. The chip must match the toner load for proper functionality. These starter chips were developed so that Static Control customers can utilise these introductory empties with no expensive modifications or additional labour. This saves time and money and gives customers the ability to sell a cartridge with an OEM appearance and OEM functionality using proven Static Control chip technology.

Static Control Releases New Odyssey Toner for the HP ® 3000, 3600 and 3800 and for Canon Image Runner LBP 5360

SANFORD, N.C. Static Control ® announces the release of new Odyssey ® toner qualified for the HP printer family ® HP 3000, 3600 and 3800 and related printers. ®

The new Odyssey toner is extremely reliable and offers OEM-like print quality. Static Control's new toner is designed to match OEM performance characteristics with darker image density, no backgrounding, and OEM comparable page yield. Rated at 7,000 pages for black and 6,000 for cyan, magenta and yellow, this toner gives the remanufacturer an opportunity to offer replacement product for a very popular printer family in the market. All products can be ordered via the Static Control sales team. The product codes are: “TRHP36-135B/Y,MA,C”, “TRHP38-170B/ Y,MA,C” and “TRHP38-175B-KOS”. For further information, please contact Static Control Components, Inc. Visit: www.scc-inc.com, www.scceurope.co.uk

Uninet To Add Xerox Phaser 3250 LOS ANGELES – UniNet announces new development of toner and cartridge recycling components for the Xerox Phaser 3250. Products consist of Absolute BLACK toner, supply and developer rollers, wiper and doctor blades, and smartchips (standard and high capacity).

The chips are sold in packages of 10 and 50. They are in stock and ready to ship. These are the product codes: “HP1005CHIP-S”, “HP1007CHIP-S”, “HP1505CHIP-S”, “HP1515CP-CS”, “HP1515CP-KS”, “HP1515CP-MAS” and “HP1515CP-YS”.

The Xerox Phaser 3250 is the latest monochrome small printer release of its kind. Though small in size, this printer is loaded with features. Rated at 30 ppm and two sided printing as a standard feature, this printer should place very well at the base price of $279.00 USD. Cartridges offered are a standard 3,500 page version and a high yield cartridge rated at 5,000 pages.

Complete instructions for chip replacement, toner fill weights and information such as technical bulletins can be found online at www.scceurope.co.uk or by calling a member of the Static Control sales team. For further information, please contact Static Control Components, Inc. Visit: www.scc-inc.com, www.scceurope.co.uk

For further information, please contact UniNet at + (310) 280-9620, or visit www.uninetimaging.com.

FEBRUARY 2009

Product Launch

Expand Your Profits Remanufacturing Colour Okidata® Cartridges With Components From Static Control

Uninet Qualifies New Products For Kyocera Km-f1060 LOS ANGELES – UniNet announces Absolute BLACK toner, Unidrum with gears and fill plug, qualified for use in Kyocera KM-F1060, TD-47 engines.

SANFORD, N.C. Static Control has introduced new toner and chips to remanufacture 42 Okidata® colour cartridges, including those used in the C3300/3400, C5500/5650 printers and related geographical variants. ®

The new Okidata toner is extremely reliable and provides outstanding colour results. Extensive toner testing and qualification enabled the creation of cartridges with OEMlike print performance including great image quality, image density and page yield.

T h e K M - F 1 0 6 0 monochrome laser is a high volume fax machine that also functions as a desktop printer delivering 19 ppm on letter size paper. Toner cartridge is rated at 5,000 pages at 5% coverage.

The Okidata® colour cartridges are a tube design, which is simple and easy to remanufacture. Static Control's new products are designed to answer customers' need for efficient and profitable cartridges to expand and broaden their product ranges.

For further information, please contact UniNet at + (310) 280-9620, or visit www.uninetimaging.com.

There are many geographical variations of cartridges for the ® Okidata printers. Both page yields and chip types vary from region to region. See Static Control's website at www.scceurope.co.uk to find the right chip and toner for your particular application.

Uninet To Add Xerox Phaser 3600 LOS ANGELES – UniNet announces new development of toner and cartridge recycling components for the Xerox Phaser 3600 printer. Products include Absolute BLACK toner, smartchip (standard and high capacity),

All products can be ordered by calling a member of the Static Control sales team. For further information, please contact Static Control C o m p o n e n t s , I n c . V i s i t : w w w. s c c - i n c . c o m , www.scceurope.co.uk

Uninet Releases Brother Hl4040/tn-110 Car tridge Remanufacturing Instructions

OPC drum and wiper blade.

L OS ANGELES – UniNet a n n o u n c e s re m a n u f a c t u r i n g instructions for the Brother HL4040/TN-110/115 toner cartridge. These latest instructions, written by UniNet Technical Director Mike Josiah, include a preliminary cartridge printing process theory and reset gear procedure for determining low to high yield conversion options. UniNet offers its clients free copies of these instructions via the company's global website.

Xerox recently released the Phaser 3600 printer, a 40 ppm monochrome printer that is very competitively priced starting at $549.00 USD. Toner cartridges are available in both standard yield (7,000 pages) and high yield (14,000 pages) versions. The printer utilizes a familiar all-in-one cartridge design that provides an easy process needed for remanufacturers to rebuild these cartridges. For further information, please contact UniNet at + (310) 280-9620, or visit www.uninetimaging.com.

For further information, please contact UniNet at + (310) 280-9620, or visit www.uninetimaging.com.

FEBRUARY 2009

Product Launch

UniNet Releases HP CP-2025 Absolute Color, Smartchips LOS ANGELES – UniNet released the Absolute Color Toners and Smartchips, qualified for use in remanufactured HP CP2025 printer cartridges. UniNet also released additional components, set for January release, such as drum and wiper blade and free online remanufacturing instructions. HP's recently introduced CP2025 color printer offers improvements in speed and processing power over its predecessor, the CP1215. Speed is essentially doubled, going from 12 ppm to 21 ppm, while retaining the small footprint of the Cp1215. Contact UniNet Imaging E-mail: sales@uninetimaging.com Visit: www.uninetimaging.com

Future Graphics Releases Toners for Brother HL-4000 Color Series LOS ANGELES – Future Graphics Imaging Corporation is pleased to release toners for the Brother HL-4000 series printer cartridges that display OEM-like fusing characteristics critical for these relatively high-speed (21 ppm) SOHO color printers. The toners (color and monochrome) have undergone rigorous testing at the FGIC research and development center and consistently demonstrate OEM comparable yield and density. At the time of their release, the Brother HL-4000 series printers were the fastest low-priced (the HL-4040CN priced sub-$400) color machines on the market. They featured Brother's first internally designed engine and have been very popular in retail. Compatible with Brother models, DCP-9040CN, DCP9045CDN, HL-4040CN, HL-4040CDN, HL-4070CDW, MFC-9440CN, MFC-9840CDW, the Future Graphics toners are in stock now and ready to ship.

Uninet To Add Xerox Phaser 3635 Mfp LOS ANGELES – UniNet announces new development of toner and cartridge recycling components for the Xerox Phaser 3635 MFP, consisting of Absolute BLACK toner, supply and developer rollers, wiper and doctor blades, and smartchips (standard and high yield). The Phaser 3635 is Xerox's latest and lowest cost MFP currently offered. Rated at 35ppm, this MFP has a host of special features. The Phaser 3635 MFP comes standard with an 80GB hard drive, a color touch screen and the ability to print and scan directly to or from a flash drive. This MFP will use either the standard 5,000-page cartridge or the high-yield 10,000-page cartridge. For further information, please contact UniNet at + (310) 280-9620, or visit www.uninetimaging.com

Future Graphics Releases Toner for Brother HL2170 LOS ANGELES — Future Graphics has released a specificallydesigned toner for the Brother HL2170, one of the bestselling singlefunction monochrome printers for consumer electronics stores and bigbox retail. Brother made a successful entrance into the SOHO market three years ago with the release of the HL2040 and HL2070n.The lowcost HL2170w was a replacement for the 2070 and has proved highly popular. Test data at the FGIC research and development center shows OEMcomparable density and background levels. The cartridge for the HL2170 is very easy to refill, ensuring great profits for remanufacturers. The FGIC toner for Brother HL2170 is in stock and ready to ship now from FGIC locations around the globe. Contact Future Graphics Imaging Corporation

FEBRUARY 2009

Product Launch

Faroudja Toner Offering Smartchips for HP CP 2025 SAN CARLOS, Calif. — Faroudja Toner carries smartchips for the HP CP 2025. “Many of our customers have been inquiring about this, as none ex i ste d a ny w h e re , ” Marketing Director Timothy Farrell said. “Again, we are first to market, and Faroudja has become an industry leader in chip development.” The chips are available for all four colors, and are sold individually or in multiple quantities. They are dedicated to work specifically for the HP CP 2025 cartridge. “In the past we were able to produce chips such as the Dell 3110 and Xerox 6180 very soon after the cartridges came out, and this is the case with the CP 2025,” Farrell said.

Hi & Bestech Releases Chip for Xerox Phaser 6125 Color Printer

Contact Faroudja Toner Visit: www.faroudjatoner.com

TAICHUNG, TAIWAN — Hi & Bestech has released new compatible chips for the Xerox 6125 color laser printer. The phaser 6125 is Xerox's new entry-level color laser printer, with printing speeds of up to 12 ppm (color printing) and 16 ppm (monochrome printing), monthly duty cycle of up to 40,000 pages and print resolution of up to 600-by-600 dpi.

Color Imaging Expands Its Okidata offerings NORCROSS, GA. – Color Imaging Inc. has added to its

The chips are suitable for the following toner cartridge numbers: 106R01334, 106R01331, 106R01332 and 106R01333.

Okidata offerings with the introduction of the 100 percent new compatible color toner cartridges for the Oki C6000 and C6050 series color printers. These products expand Color Imaging's offerings of compatible cartridges for Okidata products and have been tested to ensure OEM compatibility, comparable print quality, and yield. These products are available and can be ordered from Color Imaging's online store for customers who have registered. Specials, products coming soon and catalogs are also available on the site. Contact Color Imaging E-mail: sales@colorimaging.com Visit: www.colorimaging.com

As an industry partner for chip solutions, Hi & Bestech includes qualified engineers with more than 20 years on ASIC chip design, reverse engineering and cost-effective production. Hi & Bestech chips are full emulation with 100 percent functionality, unique circuit and firmware design from OEM chips for IP protection and are fully RoHS compliant. Contact Hi & Bestech E-mail: alvin@tonerchips.com Visit: www.tonerchips.com, www.printerchip.com

FEBRUARY 2009

Product Launch

MSE Releases HP P4014/P4015/P4515 compatibles VAN NUYS, Calif. — Micro Solutions Enterprises (MSE), an industry leader for quality compatibles, has released two compatible cartridge models for the HP P4014 / P4015 / P4515 series printers. “These two cartridge models are important releases for our customers” said President Yoel Wazana. “They are the replacements for the Hewlett-Packard 4200/4300 series which are very popular network laser printers in today's business arena. These network-ready printers have print speeds up to 62 pages per minute and our cartridges are stringently tested to perform at these speeds. Both MSE cartridge models meet OEM yields of 10,000 and 24,000 pages(based upon 5 percent coverage) respectively and MSE page yields are verified on all machines to ensure their performance meets the original specifications.” MSE, an ISO 9001/ISO14001 certified company utilizing 24 patented and patent-pending technologies, manufactures a full line of high-quality compatible toner cartridges, MICR toner cartridges, inkjets and thermal transfer ribbons. MSE's manufacturing capacity exceeds 300,000 toners and 500,000 inkjet cartridges per month. The company owns and operates more than 260,000 square feet in California and Pennsylvania as well as additional distribution facilities in Canada, the Netherlands, Brazil

and Israel. MSE offers full solutions for outsourcing, private labeling, private packaging, and blind-drop shipping. The company also offers award-winning sales training, marketing materials and additional value-added services. Visit: www.mse.com

Oasis Releases Products for the Samsung ML 1630 NASHUA, N.H. — Oasis Imaging Products Inc. has released products for the Samsung ML 1630 printer. The ML1630 is a printer with a high-gloss finish, designer style, small footprint, and low-decibel noise level. The target market for this printer would be the executive with a low volume output and confidentiality concerns. The Samsung Model SCX-4500 Multifunction Device incorporates a scanner in the ML1630 box that uses the same ML1630 toner cartridge. The new Oasis Samsung ML1630 toner when matched with either the OEM OPC or the OptiPrint ML1630 drum provides an outstanding finished product that will be appreciated by all end-users. In addition Oasis has the chip, wiper blade, and doctor blade available when the original items need replacing. Visit: www.oasis-imaging.com

Real time environment l Comprehensive training l World class equipment l Experienced trainers l

Cartridge Refill Academy

Totally hands on training l Exhaustive course material l

World Class Training Facility

Contact for

for

Monthly Batch Details Digvijay Enterprises

Inkjet and Toner Cartridge Refilling

#63, Ground Floor, 5th Cross, Malleswaram Bangalore - 560003

Ph: 080-23312014

FEBRUARY 2009

Company Profile

Indian Toners and Developers Limited:

Simple and Direct

The production plant at Rampur has the capacity to produce 1,200 metric tons of toner a year.

Respect for the remanufacturing industry in India, both

which then create a positive image of the industry through leadership and/or example.”

at home and abroad, has at times been lacking. Indian Toners and Developers Limited, led by Sushil Jain, has been doing its part to try to change that image.

It’s an apt description for Jain, who founded ITDL and is now the company’s chairman and managing director. The company was incorporated in 1990 and started commercial production of dry black toner in November of

Jain was part of last summer’s inaugural Recharger Magazine Hall of Fame’s select class.

1992.

It was said of the first Hall of Fame group that recognition was being given to those in the remanufacturing industry who had “built their businesses into industry powerhouses,

FEBRUARY 2009

Company Profile

“Initially for the old generation of analog copiers,” Jain said of his company’s initial production marching orders. “Over the years, the market trend shifted to toners for the laser printers and next to the digital multifunction machines. Being comparatively new in this field, it was real difficult to respond to the foregoing trends. However with our strong R&D efforts ITDL could successfully develop newer toners on its own to meet the challenge of the shifting trends.”

Some of the products produced by Indian Toners and Developers Limited.

That quality at ITDL has been put together by both looking abroad and concentrating intently from within. From outside India, ITDL has been able to draw much insight on how to do business. ITDL has plants built largely with equipment from Switzerland and Germany. That has helped ITDL’s production boom. ITDL draws technical support from Japan. And raw materials are shipped in from Japan, Germany and the United States.

The R&D facility at the Rampur production plant.

In the world in which India is becoming a bigger player on the remanufacturing stage, ITDL has taken a lead role in that evolvement.

“ITDL has business associates in Japan, who regularly visit us for any techno-commercial discussions,” Jain said. “Working very closely with them we update and keep ourselves abreast of the latest trends in the toner field and at times draw on their lab expertise.” ITDL has a workforce of around 350, with staffing included at two factories, R&D, headquarters and sales and marketing.

Jain has a simple but direct business philosophy for his company, headquartered in New Delhi. “ITDL believes in its emphasis on transparency, fairness and warm personal relations in business dealings,” Jain said. It’s popular to talk quality in the remanufacturing world. Talking quality can still be an uphill battle in India though where trust in the remanufactured product is suspect at best. “The cartridge recycling in India is still dominated by the roadside fillers, of course, with compromise in quality,” Jain said.

ITDL’s R&D drive, which is led by five “specialists” as Jain calls them, is focused mainly on producing toners for emerging-market requirements. ITDL’s R&D facility has been recognized for its work by the Government of India’s Department of Science and Technology.

But the shortcomings that might still exist in certain segments of India’s remanufacturing industry hasn’t stopped Jain from propelling ITDL into a model of quality and growth.

An ISO 9001:2000 certified company, ITDL’s quality control lab consists of hundreds of machines, put in place for testing purposes. OEM standards are sought on yield and copy quality.

FEBRUARY 2009

Company Profile

prospects “very promising.” ITDL’s reach can be felt from China (where it has a representative office in Zhuhai) to offices in the United States (Irvine, Calif.), Singapore and the United Arab Emirates.

“We want to be a company to be reckoned with in this industry and probably one of the biggest in the Asian region outside of Japan because they have very huge capacities.”

The future could hold much for ITDL. Studies are in progress at ITDL in the growing field of color toners. “ITDL is quite conscious that color toners are getting popular by the day and that there is a future in them for ITDL in that they add value to the company’s bottom line,” Jain said. Jain cut his business teeth working for 10 years in his father’s steel pipe business in India. He feels comfortable in taking a lead role in pushing for quality coming out of India’s remanufacturing market.

Sushil Jain Chairman and Managing Director Indian Toners and Developers Limited

“Market pressure on ITDL to drop prices to the level of lowquality products to combat the competition has always been there,” Jain said. “However, as a company philosophy we never succumbed to this temptation and rather could establish our goodwill in the market as a supplier of quality products over the past 15 years. Quality conscious users are there who recognize what image density, background, resolution, yield, etc. mean in the performance of toners. Of course as elsewhere there are all levels of users and obviously one can not please 100 percent of the people.”

“As the Indian toner market is maturing and people in this field are getting enlightened by way of domestic and international exposure.Through seminars, exhibitions, etc., more and more people are coming around to appreciate the benefits of and accept the recycled/remanufactured products,” Jain said. “That India now has two or three magazines and two associations on recycling proves the foregoing.”

Long-term, Jain wants to be a major player outside of India. “We want to be a company to be reckoned with in this industry and probably one of the biggest in the Asian region outside of Japan because they have very huge capacities,” Jain said.

In 1992, ITDL had the capacity to generate approximately 330 metric tons of toner per year. After realizing full 1,200 metric ton capacity at its first facility in Rampur in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, ITDL has opened a second production plant in Sitarganj in the state of Uttarakhand, also in the north. Toner production at the second plant began recently and ITDL’s combined capacity at the two facilities is 2,400 metric tons per year.

At home, ITDL has moved far beyond any “roadside filler” mentality that still might pervade India’s remanufacturing business. “The biggest challenge ITDL faced in its life so far had been on the economic front,” Jain said. “That is to survive and remain afloat in the face of price war from the cheaper imported and homemade lower quality products, including some unfair practices thrown in. In its operations, ITDL also found that customers have their own perception of quality which need to be met not only to attract new customers but also to retain the old ones.”

In India, ITDL likes to think of itself as a leader, where it claims to be the first and largest toner company. ITDL is just not a leader in the India market though. The company has spread its wings to make its mark worldwide. The company now sends its toners and developers to more than 32 countries. Jain said approximately 40 percent of ITDL’s product is exported. Jain calls ITDL’s exporting

FEBRUARY 2009

196

Works: B-1, GNEPIP, Site - V, UPSIDC, Kasna, Greater Noida, UP-201308, INDIA Tel No.: +91-120-2341892/893/886/895, Fax No.: +91-120-2341887 Email: sales@opcdrumsindia.com Website: www.opcdrumsindia.com Authorised Distributor for India: Ace Copiers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi Tel: +91-11-23257310, +91-9871198220

OEM News

Canon takes legal action? CLI-8 patents in dispute? 12th January 2009, Tokyo, Japan. Canon is rumoured to have begun legal action against as many as ten companies operating in the Asian aftermarket producing aftermarket CLI-8 cartridges. Canon is allegedly seeking an injunction in the Japanese courts later this month to prevent the import of the aftermarket CLI-8 cartridges into Japan. One of the patents in question is apparently JP 2005205886 which applies to the LED on the chip and is used to send cartridge information. When contacted regarding the rumoured lawsuit involving Canon, Canons PR spokesperson responded "We are unable to offer any comment regarding this matterâ&#x20AC;?, three of the other companies believed to be involved have not yet returned our calls or emails.

Cartridge Costs Increase up to 6 Percent Pricing database Printer.com USA, has found that some major manufacturers have shown increases in prices on inkjet and toner cartridges in the United States. HP, as of September 1, 2008, had hiked list prices on all mono and color laser print cartridges by 5 percent, as well as increasing by approximately 5-6 percent the prices on inkjet cartridges. On November 3, 2008, Lexmark increased printer supply prices throughout its inventory by 5 percent. At approximately the same time, Xerox made price increases of 3 to 6 percent on some products.

This new decision provides a helpful precedent for the argument that an agreement between a manufacturer and retailer should be judged under the rule of reason, even if one aspect of the arrangement reduces "horizontal" competition between them. Bedi v. Hewlett-Packard and Staples, Inc., No. 07-12318-RWX (D. Mass., Nov. 17, 2008). As part of a new strategic relationship agreement with HP, Staples agreed to carry only HP's ink and toner and to cease selling Staples' own brand of HP-compatible printer cartridges. A putative class of customers challenged the agreement as "a horizontal agreement between direct competitors" and relied on the claim that it was per se illegal. Ruling on the defendants' motion to dismiss, the court focused on the narrow scope of the per se rule, which applies only to those types of agreements that confidently can be said to be always or almost always anticompetitive. While acknowledging that the HP and Staples ink cartridges compete with each other, the court emphasized that the HP-Staples relationship is "primarily vertical" and their strategic agreement involved more than the one aspect challenged by the plaintiff. Noting that vertical agreements typically are analyzed under the rule of reason and that the HP-Staples agreement did not fit into any established per se illegal category, the court dismissed the claim.

And then if you have another OEM press release instead of the HP-Iran one, please use it.

This decision reinforces what clearly should be the rule. While it is possible to have a "naked" market allocation agreement that eliminates interbrand competition between firms that otherwise are vertically-related, that would be unexpected in ordinary business arrangements. More likely, other aspects of the vertical agreement will suggest a procompetitive alliance, as the Bedi court found in reviewing the supply and purchase commitments and other aspects of the HP-Staples agreement. If the agreement is on balance possibly anticompetitive, this should be shown under the rule of reason.

United States: Court Rejects Per Se Rule For Vertical "Market Allocation" Agreement

Static Control sells chips for specific use in remanufactured laser and ink jet cartridges only

A federal district court has dismissed the claim that an agreement between Hewlett-Packard (HP) and its customer Staples office supply stores, under which Staples stopped selling its own ink cartridges for HP printers, was a per se illegal antitrust violation.

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Oki has stated that prices of ink and toner cartridges are going up a flat 5 percent. Brother and Canon are also reportedly increasing prices but have not stated a rate of increase yet.

FEBRUARY 2009

OEM News

immediately by e-mail if you have received this e-mail by mistake and delete this e-mail from your system. E-mail transmission cannot be guaranteed to be secure or error-free as information could be intercepted, corrupted, lost, destroyed, arrive late or incomplete, or contain viruses. Static Control Components therefore does not accept liability for any errors or omissions in the contents of this message which arise as a result of e-mail transmission.

Hewlett-Packard's decision to eliminate nearly 25,000 of its 320,000 jobs worldwide is expected to have a significant impact on its Indian operations too. Analysts in India believe that in the short term, the company could see off some 1,000 people, and that in a three year period this could go up to 6,000 of its nearly 60,000 people in the country.The computer and printer maker's job cuts come as part of its plan to integrate Electronic Data Systems (EDS), the computer services giant that HP acquired for $13.9 billion in August as part of an effort to match IBM in the services space. Following the acquisition, a workforce reduction was seen as inevitable, but the figure HP has announced is way beyond anybody's expectations.Kapil Dev Singh, managing

director of research firm IDC India, said HP's announcement mostly stems from the global economic scenario. “It's an instant fall out of what's happening on Wall Street. The IT accounts of banking and financial institutions (BFSI) have been shrinking. So hiring for this space has been put on a slow burner by global companies,” he said. Mohan Lal Menon, managing director of strategy advisory firm Sentient, said a lot of overlapping was expected with the integration of HP and EDS Mphasis (in India, EDS had previously acquired Mphasis).“Most of it would have been in the areas of HR, administration, sales and marketing. But the trigger for HP is definitely the precarious conditions in the BFSI space across the US, Europe and Asia. HP seems to be ahead of the curve, towards planning for the economic downturn,” he said. Till the time of going to print, HP had not responded to questions sent by TOI on the impact HP's workforce reduction move would have on India.However, a senior official at Mphasis said no immediate impact was expected on Mphasis. “We have been hiring junior to top talent. We have been expanding our footprint across the country. So its business as usual,” he said.

FEBRUARY 2009

OEM News

Ninestar, Dataproducts lose appeal Epson continues enforcement of its ink cartridge patents The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in Washington D.C. affirmed the Final Determination and General Exclusion Order of the U.S. International Trade Commission ("ITC") on January 13 2009. A General Exclusion Order that bars imports of infringing new and refilled cartridges was entered by the ITC in October 2007, after an ITC trial established widespread infringement of Epson's cartridge patents by many foreign manufacturers, importers and U.S. distributors. The unsuccessful Appeal was filed by Ninestar Technologies Co, Ltd.of China, Ninestar's U.S. subsidiaries and Dataproducts USA LLC (a division of Clover Technologies Group). Epson says it will vigorously proceed with enforcement of its patents now that the validity and enforceability of its patents have again been ratified. A second ITC trial was conducted on January 14-16, 2009 in Washington D.C. to determine any financial penalties that may be assessed against Ninestar, Mipo America, Ltd. and Cana-Pacific

Forfeiture Orders, ITC Enforcement Complaints, and U.S. District Court complaints referenced in this press release are all posted on the Web site with other useful information including a summary of the legal requirements for refilled cartridges. These ITC actions and U.S. District Court lawsuits were all brought by Epson Portland Inc., Epson America Inc. and Seiko Epson Corp. as part of Epson's worldwide efforts to protect Epson's intellectual property rights and its substantial investments in R & D to produce high quality, innovative printers and ink cartridges. Although most U.S. importers and distributors have now undertaken commendable efforts to avoid infringing Epson's cartridge patents, Epson will continue taking the necessary actions to protect the company and legitimate competitors from ongoing infringements and unfair competition.

Ribbons Inc. and their affiliates for alleged violations of the General Exclusion Order. The ITC has not yet determined any violations, but has the authority to assess substantial penalties up to $100,000 per day of violations or twice the commercial value of infringing imports. In addition to the ITC actions, Epson filed U.S. District Court lawsuits in Portland, Ore., for patent infringement damages against the same 24 companies named in the ITC action and numerous additional distributors and retailers alleged to have continued infringements after the ITC Final Determination. The District Court cases were stayed pending the ITC Determination and Appeal, but will now proceeds against those defendants that have not settled. Recently, Epson settled two of these lawsuits filed against major internet retailers: Media Street Inc. dba mediastreet.com and Comptree Inc. dba meritline.com.

The Deadline for receiving Advertisements & Press releases is 20th of preceding month.

Epson maintains a Web site (http://www.itc.epson.com) that provides U.S. importers, distributors and retailers with timely information about the ITC action and related U.S. District Court lawsuits. The U.S. Court of Appeals Judgment, ITC Exclusion Orders, ITC Seizure and

FEBRUARY 2009

Technical

Color Pigments:

A Long-Term Opportunity in Desktop Bulk Ink Market Inkjet printer manufacturers often tout the benefits of their color pigment inks for photo printing. However, it is possible that office printing will be responsible for driving significant growth in the market for color pigmented inks in upcoming years. While pigment-based black inks have long been used for consumer printing, color pigment formulations were first developed in the 1990s specifically for graphic artists who needed greater durability, waterfastness, and fade resistance from their inks. By 2007, every major vendor offered color pigment inks for the desktop market. These new pigment dispersions have overcome many of the print-quality and reliability limitations of previous generations. As a result of technological improvements, pigment inks can now be optimized for a wide range of home as well as office applications.

Looking at color-ink volumes by ink technology shows that there will be significant gains for pigment dispersions. Lyra projects that total color-ink volume will be relatively flat between 2007 and 2011. In contrast, color pigment inks are expected to increase rapidly at an 18 percent compound annual growth rate (CAGR) from 2007 to 2012 (see Figure 2)

Desktop Bulk Ink Shipments, by Type While pigment-based inks are expected to capture a greater share of inkjet ink volume, dye-based inks will still be dominant. Lyra predicts that total desktop ink volume will decline gradually between 2007 and 2012. As a segment, pigment- based ink shipments (black and color) are projected to grow slightly between 2007 and 2012. Developers have surmounted many of the earlier limitations of dye-based inks, as they did with pigment inks. Still, volume and market share for dye inks is expected to shrink from 55 percent in 2007 to 52 percent in 2012 (see Figure 1).

The Deadline for receiving Advertisements & Press releases is 20th of preceding month.

FEBRUARY 2009

Technical

thandye-based inks at the wholesale level. Lyra estimates that the average wholesale price for color pigment dispersions is about twice that of dye inks. This is primarily due to the additional expense needed to develop and produce pigment inks versus dye formulations. Both dye and pigment-based ink prices are expected to be fairly stable through 2012. Lyra expects pigment bulk ink to continue to be sold at a premium. The rising cost of petrochemicals, energy, and transportation were a constant challenge for ink manufacturers in 2007 and 2008. Sun Chemical, the largest producer of printing inks, announced in August 2008 that it will raise ink prices 6 to 10 percent in the North American market. Higher production costs are sure to put margin pressure on all ink manufacturers as well as companies further down the supply chain. HP cited some of the same factors for its September 2008 price increases for ink and toner cartridges.

Color Pigment-Based Ink Shipments, by Vendor In terms of vendor-level segmentation, between 2005 and 2007, Epson was nearly the only vendor of color pigmentbased inks. Launched in 2001, Epson’s DuraBrite formulation was the first full-color pigment ink set aimed at the consumer market. Epson has since updated its pigment inks with DuraBrite Ultra in 2006. Meanwhile, Canon, HP, Kodak, and Lexmark have developed advanced color pigment inks of their own. Most recently, Canon leveraged its Lucia color pigment inks for use in business-class devices, and Epson is selling DuraBrite Ultra inks in highcapacity tanks. Lyra anticipates that these vendors, particularly Epson and Kodak, will expand this segment.

Conclusion While the desktop bulk ink market is certainly mature, it is not static. Lyra believes that advances in aqueous ink technology such as Canon’s Lucia and Lexmark’s Evercolor 2 technologies will contribute to substantial ink volume and revenue growth in the long term. This bulk ink market expansion will most likely be derived from inkjet segments targeted at high-volume durability-sensitive office applications rather then home applications. New business inkjet printers from Canon, Epson, HP, Ricoh, and Xerox currently show potential, but these devices are not yet a major challenge to laser. Meanwhile, desktop ink manufacturers need to weather a slow-moving market in the near term.

The types of printers in which color pigment inks will be used must be considered when projecting growth for this segment. Currently, Canon, Dell, Epson, Kodak, Lexmark, and Ricoh ship pigment-based inks for use in consumer, photospecialty, and business-oriented devices. In contrast, HP has reserved the use of color pigments for B-size photospecialty printers. Lyra’s forecast assumes that HP and others will expand the use of their pigment ink sets to a greater number of business-oriented printers that require the best in output durability.

Lyra Research collaborates with imaging industry decision-makers worldwide, enabling clients to strengthen their market position and achieve profitable growth. Lyra's expert analysts and editors help clients devise and implement creative solutions to business challenges, arming them with competitive intelligence, strategic and tactical advice, news and analysis, and market forecasts. Since 1991, Lyra's custom research and consulting, advisory services, award-winning journals, and innovative events have set the standard for analysis of imaging hardware, consumables, and digital photography markets. Call Sandy Tobin at 617-454-2612 for information on how Lyra can help your business grow.

Average Wholesale Desktop Ink Pricing While pigment inks have many performance advantages, they have the disadvantage of being more expensive

FEBRUARY 2009

Technical

The Chemistry of Toner Polymers by Elizabeth Yuan â&#x20AC;˘ Baker Hughes Incorporated

Improving the Compatibility of Nonfunctionalized Wax in Polyester and Styrene Acrylic Toner Resins a scanning electron microscope (SEM), light microscope and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

Various low molecular weight (LMW) polyolefins have been widely used in conventional imaging toner to provide a low energy surface, abrasion and scratch resistance, and release properties. LMW polyethylene wax is a nonfunctionalized wax that is a key additive in digital processes such as electrophotographic, thermal and inkjet printing. Polyethylene release wax (hereafter referred to as release wax) provides release and lubrication, while also improving image sharpness.

Background Xerographic printing is a process that generates and develops electrostatic toner images onto recording media, typically by the process of hotroll fusing. Toners are used to produce the printed images. A typical toner consists of resins, colorants, chargecontrol agents, and functional additives. The basic steps for hot-roll fusing of xerographic engines include: 1) charging of the photoreceptor, 2) generating electrostatic images onto the photoreceptor, 3) developing electrostatic images with toner, 4) transferring toner onto the recording media, 5) fusing toned images onto the recording media to form final images, and 6) releasing the recording media from the fuser roll.

Despite the vital role it plays, the dispersion of release wax in polar toner resins remains a challenge. Baker Petrolite, a Baker Hughes company, evaluated the effect of combining specialty performance LMW polymers (hereafter referred to as specialty polymers) with release wax to enhance compatibility with polar toner resins. The compatibility was assessed in both polyester and styrene acrylic resins by using

FEBRUARY 2009

Technical

In this study, specialty polymers were introduced into a conventional melt pulverized toner formulation. The objective was to improve the dispersion of release wax in the polyester and styrene acrylic toner resins and reduce the domain size of the release wax, thereby improving toner release and allowing toner to be used in an oil-less fusing print engine.

Table 1. Specialty Polymers as Compatibilizers Chemistry Category

Sample Abbreviation

Polyethylene Ethoxylate

U720

Low

(HLB*=4)

Long hydrocarbon chain ethylene oxide2

U750

High

(HLB=10)

Maleic grafted polyolefin5

Experimental Procedure

Polyalphaolefin5

C67

Low (Acid No.** = 48)

C1608

High (Acid No. = 160)

V103

Amorphous hyperbranched polyolefin

Specimens were prepared by compounding polyester or styrene acrylic resin, release wax, and specialty polymers in a batch mixer.1 Fracture surfaces of the compounded specimens were generated and inspected under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or light microscope to reveal the size of dispersed wax domains and their uniformity.

Functional Groups

None, but highly branched

* HLB = hydrophilic-lipophilic balance. An HLB of 0 corresponds to a completely hydrophobic molecule, and a value of 20 corresponds to a molecule of completely hydrophilic components. ** Acid number unit is mgKOH/g

The thermal behavior of the specimens was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry to assess the effect of compatibilizers on the glass transition temperature of the toner resin.

Materials used in this study. l Figure 1. Photo A shows 5 percent PW 850; photo B has 2.5 percent PW 850 with2.5 percent U720; and photo C shows a 2.5 percent PW 850 with 2.5 percent U750, all at 1000x.

Polyester resin: cross-linked polyester2 and linear l polyester (proprietary material). Styrene acrylic resin3: crosslinked and linear l

resin or styrene acrylic resin, 0-5 percent release wax, and 05 percent specialty polymers. Reference specimens for the polyester resin were prepared by mixing 95percent crosslinked polyester resin and 5 percent PW 850. Reference samples for the styrene acrylic resins were prepared by mixing 95percent of each styrene acrylic resin (i.e., crosslinked or linear) with 5percent PW 850.

LMW polyethylene4: a nonfunctionalized LMW l polyethylene typically used as a release wax (abbreviated here as PW 850). Specialty polymers: (from l Baker Petrolite studied as compatibilizers. l Table 1 summarizes the relevant properties of these materials. Base formulations for the samples consisted of 90-95 percent polyester

Results and Discussion SEM and light microscope photographs were used to qualitatively compare the various specialty polymers â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;ability to compatibilize the release wax in cross-linked polyester and styrene acrylic resin.

1 Plasti-Corder, C. W. Brabender Instruments, Inc. So. Hackensack, N.J. 2 Diacron ER-508, Dianal America, Pasadena, Texas 3 Bayton C-300 and Bayton T493, Sybron Chemicals Inc., Birmingham, N.J.

Polyethylene Ethoxylates

4 POLYWAX 850 Polyethylene, Baker Petrolite Corporation, Sugar Land, Texas.

Figure 1 shows light microscope comparisons of wax dispersion in polyester resin with different levels of HLB polyethylene ethoxylates.

5 UNITHOX 720 Ethoxylate, UNITHOX 750 Ethoxylate, CERAMERT 67 Maleic Grafted Polyethylene, CERAMER1608 Maleic Grafted Polymer, and VYBARTM 103 Polyalphaolefin are products of Baker Petrolite Corporation, Sugar Land, Texas

FEBRUARY 2009

Technical

domain size in the polyester resin.

Light microscope photographs demonstrate that both the U750 and U720 appear to improve release wax dispersion in the polyester toner resin. However, the high HLB U750 improves release wax dispersion more than the low HLB U720. It is also clear that release wax can be dispersed uniformly in the base resin and its domain size can be reduced by incorporating the polyethylene ethoxylates. These results suggest polyethylene with ethylene oxide functional groups may create a bridge between the polar polyester resin and the release wax to improve the dispersion of the release wax in the polyester resin.

We also studied the effect of V103 on release wax dispersion in styrene acrylic resin. Based on SEM photos, V103 did not demonstrate a positive effect on PW850 dispersion in either the cross-linked or linear styrene acrylic resins. Resin Chemistry Effect The study also evaluated the effect of cross-linked or linear resin structures on the dispersion of the release wax (Figure 4). Our data indicated that release wax dispersion in the linear polyester resin was better than in the cross-linked polyester resin. It appears that release wax dispersion in this type of polyester resin strongly depends on resin chemistry.

Our experiments also indicated that polyethylene ethoxylates were good compatibilizers for PW 850 in both types of styrene acrylic resins, but they were more effective compatibilizers for the linear nonfunctionalized styrene acrylic resin than for the slightly functionalized cross-linked styrene acrylic resin.

Differential Scanning Calorimetry Evaluations In this study, DSC was used as a tool to understand the effect of adding release wax and specialty polymers on toner polymer glass

Maleic Grafted Materials Light microscope results indicated that both the highfunctionality maleic grafted polymer C1608 and lowfunctionality C67 polyethylene improved wax dispersion in the cross-linked polyester base resin. This would indicate that acid functionality in the polyethylene can also act as bridge between polar resin and release wax.

The SEMs in Figure 2 illustrate dispersion of wax in the cross-linked styrene acrylic resin.

Figure 2. Cross-linked styrene resin + 5 percent PW 850 (A), cross-linked styrene resin/PW 850 with C67, 1:1 (B), and cross-linked styrene resin/PW 850 with C1608, 1:1 (C), all at 500x.

The results showed that C67 improved PW 850 dispersion in the cross-linked styrene acrylic resin, but C1608 had the opposite effect.

For the linear styrene acrylic resin, the C67 Polymer improved PW 850 dispersion, but as with the crosslinked resin, the C 1608 Polymer had a negative effect on PW 850 dispersion.

Figure 3. Control (A) and with 2.5 percent V103 (B), both at 1000x.

Polyalphaolefin The light microscope photographs in Figure 3 demonstrate the ability of hyperbranched V103 to compatibilize release wax in the cross-linked polyester base resin.

Figure 4. Comparison of wax domains in two types of polyester resins: crosslinked polyester resin (A, 50x) and linear polyester resin (B, 100x).

This highly-branched polymer with wide polydispersity appeared to improve wax dispersion and reduce the wax

FEBRUARY 2009

Technical

Table 2. Compatibilizer Effect on Polyester Resin Tg Compound Compound

Table 3. Compatibilizer Effect on PP Wax in Polyester Resin

Tg (degrees Celsius)

DSC(J/g) ? H â&#x20AC;&#x201D; After Pulverizing

Compatibilizer Classified

Fine Powder

Fine/Classified (F/C)

Control (polyester resin + 4% PP wax)

0.88

3.84

4.36

63.7

Replace 2% PP with 2% U720

1.13

1.63

1.44

With 5 percent PW 850/U720 (1:1)

63.7

Replace 2% PP with 2% U750

1.34

1.40

1.04

With 5 percent PW 850/U750 (1:1)

63.4

Replace 2% PP with 2% C67

0.80

2.67

3.33

With 5 percent PW 850/V103 (1:1)

63.5

Replace 2% PP with 2% V103

1.18

2.37

2.00

Polyester resin

66.0

With 5 percent PW 850

63.7

With 5 percent PW 850/C67 (1:1)

transition temperature (Tg). Specimens were prepared with the crosslinked polyester resin.

among the materials studied here.

As Table 2 indicates, DSC showed a small decrease in the Tg of the polyester resin when the release wax was added. However, incorporating specialty polymers in the formula did not further shift the Tg of the polyester resin.

This study illustrates that a compatibilizer assists wax incorporation and dispersion, thereby reducing free wax. With reduced free wax and better dispersion of wax within the toner particle, more wax can be available to provide the release function during the toner fusing step.

Specialty Polymers as Compatibilizers

Conclusions

The first portion of the study demonstrated how incorporation of specialty polymers improved release wax dispersion in polyester resin. In this portion, the effect of specialty polymers on polypropylene (PP) wax dispersion in polyester resin was evaluated. Samples were prepared by mixing cross-linked polyester resin, PP wax, and specialty polymers (Table 3).

The polyethylene ethoxylates (U720 and U 750) and low functionalized maleic grafted polymer (C67), improved the dispersion of both nonfunctionalized LMW polyethylene and polypropylene in polyester and styrene toner resin. The polyalpholefin (V103) and the high functionalized maleic grafted polymer (C1608) improved wax dispersion in polyester resin but not in styrene acrylic toner resins.

To understand wax dispersion in polyester resin, DSC data compared the heat of fusion of wax in classified toner and in fine powder. The ratio of fine powder to classified toner (F/C) indicates the amount of wax remaining in the classified toner to that remaining in the fine powder. If F/C = 1, the wax is well dispersed in the toner materials. If the F/C ratio is high, the wax is not well dispersed in the toner. Clearly, the data showed that toners containing the U750 had F/C ratios very close to 1, which indicated U750 materials were the most effective compatibilizers for PP wax

The U750 polyethylene ethoxylate proved to be the best compatibilizing agent among the materials studied for both polyethylene wax and polypropylene wax in polyester and styrene acrylic resin. Resin chemistry had a strong effect on wax dispersion. LMW polyolefins could be dispersed into linear polyester resin and low functionalized cross-linked styrene acrylic resin more uniformly than into the crosslinked polyester and nonfunctionalized linear styrene acrylic resins.

FEBRUARY 2009

Advertiser Index Company Name

Page

Akseelent Digvijay Enterprise Future Graphics Indrayani Itone Inc. OPC Technology Japan Pvt. Ltd. ReIndia Expo Silver Tex Static Control Uninet Imaging

47 32, 41 1, 24, 25 60 9 45 4, 11, 14, 15, 21, 49 57 7, 28,29 3, 5, 34, 35

Association Contacts

Computer Media Dealers Association Delhi (Regd) Tel: 011-25702973 E-mail: cmdadelhi@rediffmail.com E-mail: pioner@ndf.vsnl.net.in

February 2009