All You Need To Know About Corona

All You Need To Know About Corona

(COVID-19) Corona Virus is responsible for causing illness ranging from the common cold to more severe disease. The Novel Corona Virus (nCoV) responsible for the recent outbreak (Corona Virus Disease or COVID-19) was discovered in 2019 and has not been previously identified in human till now.

Incubation period is 2-14 days

Symptoms 

Coronavirus illness ranges from common cold to more severe diseases

General Symptoms  Fever (high grade)  Running nose  Cough (Dry)  Shorteness of breath  GIT symptoms like loose motions, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort (but these are less common)

Warning Signs   

Shortness of Breath Persistent chest pain Bluish discolouration of lips

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Corona Virus

Who Are At Risk       

Adults (60 or older) Serious chronic medical condition Diabetes Mellitus Chronic Kidney Disease Lung disease Heart Disease People who are immune-compromised (patients taking steroids, another immunosuppressant)

How It Spread    

Close contact the person carrying infection (within 6 feet) Spread through respiratory droplets produced by coughing & sneezing.

The infection spreads only when a patient presents with the symptom, not in the incubation period.

Virus can be spread by touching the contaminated objects but this is not the main way of virus spread.

Prevention 

Mask o o o

the general population doesn't need to wear face masks Anyone with cold and cough should wear Surgical Mask Doctors, nurses and other healthcare professionals should wear N-95 mask

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Corona Virus

    

Wash hand frequently Don’t touch eyes, nose or mouth without washing hands with soap and water Avoid crowded place Avoid travelling Contact doctor if you have persistent fever & cough for more than 7 days.

Stages of Pandemic

How to prevent the occurrence of epidemic in India     

Quarantine – Anyone coming from affected countries quarantined for 14 days regardless of symptoms.

Contact Tracing- Testing and quarantine too.

Stop large gathering Spread awareness Preparation to control the disease

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Corona Virus

Diagnosis 

Molecular Test – To detect active disease rRT PCR specimen (BAL, Sputum, tracheal



aspiration, Nasopharyngeal swabs, Serum & stool specimen) Serological Test- To detect the previous infection, to detect carrier or close contacts (by detection of antibodies), this test is ELISA based

Treatment 

Symptomatic Treatment o o o



Fluid to reduce the risk of dehydration Antipyretics Oxygen therapy (if required)

Medical Treatment o o o o o

Remdesivir – used to treat Ebola, not yet approved in human Chloriquine- used to treat malaria & autoimmune disease Lopinavir & Ritonavir- Combination of these drugs causes significant reduction in levels of coronavirus.

APNO1- A clinical trial is set in China Favilavir- Used to treat inflammation in sore throat

Article written by Dr Shivani Mangla, DNB Internal Medicine, 2nd Year

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Corona Virus