Nov. 21, 2023 | The Reflector

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THE OFFICIAL STUDENT NEWSPAPER OF THE UNIVERSITY OF INDIANAPOLIS • FOUNDED 1922 • INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA VOL.

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NOVEMBER 21, 2023

What there is to know about Israel and Palestine

State of current affairs between Israel and Palestine, historical context and the response in Indianapolis By Editorial Staff Editor’s Note: We acknowledge that the situation between Israel and Palestine is ongoing, and that we have not discussed every single event or point that has taken place between Israel and Palestine. For the sake of our publication, we discuss “current events,” which we define here as events that have taken place between Oct. 7 and Nov. 17, the historical context behind the situation and the impact on and reaction of the UIndy and Indianapolis community. As tensions have risen nationally and internationally over the status between Israel and Palestine, those affected extend not just overseas,but to the University of Indianapolis campus and the greater IndianapolisCarmel-Anderson Metropolitan Area. With people everywhere interpreting various aspects of recent and historical events, the history of both parties and how that relates to people worldwide at UIndy comes under discussion. The Hamas-led attack on Israel on Oct.7 launched the Israeli government’s retaliation,and reactions from Israel, Palestine and the rest of the world continue to unfold.

Current Events

For the purposes of The Reflector’s press time, events unfolding from Oct. 7 to Nov. 17 are covered. The current issue, although it has historical ties back to the 19th century, began on Oct. 7 when Hamas killed over 360 people and took at least 40 hostages at the Supernova Music Festival in Re’im, according to the Times of Israel. Hamas also stormed southern Israel communities and launched several rockets at Israeli cities, according to the Times of Israel.According to CNN,1,400 Israelis were killed in the attack, and over 240 were taken hostage.As of Nov.7,more than 10,000 Palestinians have been killed in Israel’s retaliation, according to CNN. According to University of Indianapolis Professor of International Relations Milind Thakar, the Oct. 7 attack was the first time in 50 years Israel was able to be caught by surprise. Now, Israel is telling 1

million northern Gaza residents to move south, Thakar said. “The last time that happened was about the same time, and they tried to recreate that moment, the Yom Kippur War of 1973, when Egypt and Syria had surprised Israel,” Thakar said. UIndy Director of Global Education Ghina Sadek said it is important to note that what is happening did not just begin in October, it has been developing for decades. Understanding the context is crucial to understanding current events, according to Sadek. “It is a terrible misconception that things in the past month started on October 7,” Sadek said. “This has been going on for 75 years plus. It's really important to understand the history and the context. Otherwise we, as we are now, are stuck in questions and conversations that really don't capture the truth of the situation.” On Oct. 11, Palestinian reporters claimed white phosphorus was being dumped in a neighborhood by Israeli forces, which was later verified by Human Rights Watch. Later in the day, an air raid on Gaza killed 11 workers with the U.N. Palestinian refugee agency and five members of the international Red Cross and Red Crescent, according to Reuters. On Oct. 13, the Israeli military told all 1.1 million civilians in northern Gaza to move south within 24 hours, according to Al Jazeera, a Qatar-based, independent news channel. During a panel about the current attacks held at UIndy on Oct. 27, Professor and Director of the Graduate Program in International Relations Jyotika Saksena said that Israel issued this warning before attacking Gaza. “So Israel is asking 1 million people in northern Gaza to leave the area before they can be attacked,” Saksena said. “This is what is expected of 1 million people. Access to food, water and electricity has been pushed in the news. Fifteen out of 25 hospitals as of now are unconscionable.” On Oct. 16, Israel followed this by extending the time frame for citizens to evacuate, according to Al Jazeera. The World Health Organization reported that nearly 1.5 million people have been

Photo by Breanna Emmett

Indianapolis citizens and out of state protesters gather on Monument Circle to protest the United States’ support for Israel. The protest took place on Nov. 1 2023 and featured several speakers voicing their thoughts and telling their stories.

displaced. On Oct. 17, Israel conducted an air raid on al-Ahli Arab Hospital in Gaza City,which killed at least 471 people sheltered in the hospital, according to Al Jazeera. Gaza’s oldest church, the Church

It is a terrible misconception that things in the past month started on October 7." of Saint Porphyrius, was destroyed by an Israeli air raid, which also killed 18 people, according to The Washington Post.Fighting also continued at the IsraelLebanon border, according to Al Jazeera. First Aid trucks were seen at the Rafah border crossing between Egypt and Gaza, which opened Oct. 20, according to Al

Photo by Breanna Emmett

An Indianapolis protester stands among other protesters holding a sign showing his support for Palestine. The sign is reminiscent of a call and response chant shouted by the protesters, “From the river to the sea, Palestine will be free.”

INSIDE: OPINION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 NEWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 8 SPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 5 FEATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ENTERTAINMENT . . . . . . . . . 7

Jazeera. But, from Oct. 21-22, Gaza saw the most violent bombing since the attacks began early that month, resulting in over 400 Palestinian deaths, according to Al Jazeera. Later that weekend, Israel launched an air attack on the West Bank’s Jenin refugee camp, killing two people, according to Reuters. On Oct. 25, residents of Gaza faced a communications blackout as internet and cellular services broke down due to the bombing. More residential areas and refugee camps in Gaza were hit from Oct. 25 to 27, while an apartment block was struck by a Hamas rocket in Tel Aviv, according to Al Jazeera. From Oct. 28-31, the Israel Defense Forces said it was expanding its ground operations in Gaza, as reported by CNN. At least 123 Palestinians were killed in the West Bank, with 1,980 detained since Oct. 7, according to Al Jazeera. On Nov. 9, U.S. President Joe Biden said there was no chance for a ceasefire in Gaza, according to the White House briefing room. Biden also said the retaliatory strikes in the Middle East are hitting the targets that they are seeking during the current crisis. On Nov. 13, Al Jazeera reported that 41 journalists had been killed, 36 of whom were Palestinians, four Israelis and one Lebanese. Al Jazeera also reported that Israeli forces raided Gaza’s al-Shifa Hospital, the largest medical facility in the coastal enclave, on Nov. 16. Israeli forces found three duffel bags each containing an assault rifle, grenades, Hamas uniforms and flak jackets, located in the MRI lab. CNN reported that as of Nov. 16, the death toll in Gaza had reached 11,470 and in Israel 1,200. Sadek said that the main focus now should be on calling for a ceasefire. Palestinians, she said, do not have much time for governments to wait to call a ceasefire. Discussions about topics such as a two-state solution, she said, can also distract from the calls for a ceasefire. “I don't know that people in Gaza and Palestinians have the time anymore to wait on us to discuss stuff in detail, and go back in history and have everybody understand everything,”Sadek said.“And we don't know what a two-state solution means, and I don't know that it matters right now.” On Nov. 17, according to the

AP, deliveries of food and other necessities to Gaza from the United Nations were forced to stop, with the U.N. warning of increased risk of widespread starvation after internet and telephone services collapsed due to the lack of fuel. The AP reported that Israel would allow two tanker trucks of fuel into Gaza each day for communication systems and the U.N, but this is half of what is needed for lifesaving functions such as bakeries, trucks delivering aid, water systems and hospitals.

Historical Context

Tensions between Israel and Palestine date back to the 19th century, according to an independent, nonprofit organization, the Council on Foreign Relations. Resolution 181, also named the “Partition Plan,” sought to divide the British Mandate of Palestine into both Arab and Jewish states, according to the United Nations. This resulted in the creation of the State of Israel on May 14, 1948 and led to the first Arab-Israeli War, according to the Council on Foreign Relations. Thakar said that the State of Israel was created out of the historic land of Palestine. The land was part of the Ottoman Empire until the British took it over, Thakar said. “This is one incident to be seen in a historical timeline. In 1948, the State of Israel was carved out of the historic land of Palestine, which was itself part of the Ottoman Empire until Britain took it away from the TurkishOttoman Empire right after World War I,” Thakar said. “Britain allowed large numbers of Jewish people who wanted to settle there to come in.” In 1948, what is known as Israel’s War of Independence and Palestinian’s “Nakba,” which means “catastrophe” in Arabic, according to the U.N., ended with Israel’s victory and the displacement of 750,000 Palestinians, according to the Institute for Palestine Studies. This resulted in the division of territories in the Levant, a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia. The territories > See Israel/Palestine on Page 3

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