Careers with STEM: Science 2025 by Refraction Media

with STEM™ CAREERS

CAN SHED NEW LIGHT ON OLD MYSTERIES with us

Every year scientists make thousands of new discoveries and shed new light on old mysteries – from the furthest extent of the cosmos to the molecular machinery of life and the wonders of whale migration.

Marine scientists at Macquarie University, for example, are using their discoveries to reshape whale conservation efforts. Bryde’s whales – once thought migratory –were recently found to be year-round Australian residents with a passion for surfing in shallow waters as they feed. The discovery is helping policymakers find new ways to protect the elusive tropical animals.

When you study science you develop transferable critical thinking, research and communication skills, which you can use as a launchpad to thrive in careers across diverse industries. And when you major in marine science at Macquarie as part of the Bachelor of Science, you will study alongside internationally recognised marine scientists like Dr Vanessa Pirotta, at the University ranked 1st in the world for the UN Sustainable Development Goal Life Below Water (Times Higher Education Impact Rankings 2023).

Your experience will be enhanced by our beautiful campus, world-class facilities, inspiring researchers and unique approach to teaching. So, if you want to use your career to make an impact, find out how studying science at Macquarie will set you up to become a changemaker.

Science superheroes needed

Stick with science if you want a career that could help change the world

Did you know that science is the ‘how’ behind everything? And that scientists are the people with the real power to improve the world?

Australia’s Federal Government recently announced a new set of National Science and Research Priorities which are all about focusing the work of scientists tackling some of the most complex challenges facing our society today, including in human health, climate change and sustainability. Many scientists at ANSTO are part of this important undertaking, and with a qualification in science, you could join them!

ANSTO is the home of nuclear science and technology in Australia and over a third of our workforce are directly involved in scientific research.

Science study is your ticket to a diverse range of careers, many of which you can read about in this issue of Careers with STEM

For example, ANSTO research collaborator Dr Alana Gall (page 6) who is bringing Indigenous and Western science together for the benefit of human health. The science priority to elevate Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledge systems is forging new career paths.

Dr andrew peele group executive, ANSTO nuclear science and technology

As we strive to protect and restore Australia’s environment, experts like contaminant geochemist Dr Elisabeth Tondl (page 6) are part of a team at ANSTO using nuclear science to identify, quantify and monitor the scale and speed of environmental changes.

Studying science is your ticket to a diverse range of careers”

As Australia works to meet its goal of net zero carbon emissions by 2050, scientists like Dr Qinfen Xu (page 7) are enabling us to better understand materials like those used in the advanced batteries that will help us store renewable energy in the future.

Scientists are also helping support healthy communities in Australia, such as Dr Maxine Roberts, a radiochemist who supports nuclear medicine production at ANSTO

I hope their stories inspire you to explore the many and varied career paths science can open up and consider science in your future.

Dr Andrew Peele Group Executive, ANSTO Nuclear Science and Technology

PhD, physics University of Melbourne

Program Manager, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science

Director, Australian Synchrotron

Group Executive, ANSTO Nuclear Science and Technology

Adjunct Professor of Physics, La Trobe University

What’s inside?

Science for Earth and beyond

P5 Choose your science mission

Australia has some new national science priorities you should check out

P6 Nuclear science to the rescue

Meet the ANSTO team helping Australia’s new science priorities

P8 The nuclear workforce of the future

Read what it’s like working at ANSTO

P9 Awesome science workplaces

Get these organisations on your radar

P10 A career with

STEM + X =

Combine science (STEM) with your passion (+X) to discover your dream career. Here are some ideas to get you started…

Why science?

Science + …

P12 Environment

Find a career making the planet better for all

P18 Space

A mission, should you choose to accept it

P20 Quantum

Take a quantum career leap in this future-proof field

P22 Animals

Make nature your office working with animals and you might even discover a new species!

Free download

Jobs in conservation science are as diverse as the career pathways to get skilled up! This free Careers with STEM job kit download is your introduction to what conservation biologists do, plus advice from those already working in the field.

Choose your science mission

THave you heard about the government’s new science priorities? Here’s what you need to know

he Australian government has some new science goals, and they’re actually pretty awesome. They’re focused on areas that could seriously change the world. Think: solving challenges like climate change, discovering health treatments and tapping into the knowledge of our first scientists to prepare for the future. If you want to make a difference, these priorities could open up career options for you. – Charis Palmer

Climate warriors wanted

The government’s putting big bucks into environmental science. Imagine careers where you’re working on stopping climate change, saving endangered animals or protecting Australia’s beautiful coral reefs. You could be an environmental scientist studying ways to reduce bushfire risk, or a renewable energy scientist designing solar tech that powers entire towns. If you want to help the planet, this is where you can shine.

Pathways in research

To help ensure Australia is prepared for the future, the government has identified priority research areas. Check them out if being at the cutting edge of new discoveries sounds appealing to you!

And here’s something unique: the government is also focusing on Indigenous knowledge and culture. This could mean a career in anthropology, environmental science or linguistics, working with Indigenous communities to preserve knowledge and learn from their culture. How cool is that?

These new priorities could lead you to a career that mixes science, adventure and real-world impact. So stick with science at school and check out some of the inspiring people in this edition of Careers with STEM.

Health heroes assemble

In health and medical research, the government’s looking for people to tackle health issues like fighting diseases, finding new treatments and even stopping future pandemics. Careers in this field range from biomedical researchers (discovering cures and treatments) to public health experts who shape how we respond to health crises. Good news if you’re interested in science that helps people.

Australia’s National Science and Research Priorities

• Transitioning to a net zero future

• Supporting healthy and thriving communities

• Elevating Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledge systems

• Protecting and restoring Australia’s environment

• Building a secure and resilient nation

Nuclear science to the rescue

These ANSTO stars are helping to deliver on Australia’s new science priorities

Australia’s new science priorities are all about changing our future for the better. The scientists at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) are fully signed up to help deliver on them. If this is a mission you’re up for too, then here’s some inspiration from ANSTO scientists working in a wide variety of careers you could consider. – Charis Palmer

As a beamline scientist at the Australian Synchrotron, Qinfen works with researchers to use advanced X-Ray techniques to check out the internal structure of materials, like those used in batteries.

“I might assist a team researching battery materials to see how their structure changes during charging and discharging cycles. By using high-energy X-Rays, we can help researchers design more efficient batteries,” he says.

Qinfen says it’s exciting to know his work could contribute to future breakthroughs in renewewable energy storage and sustainability.

#1 #2 Helping Australia transition to net zero carbon emissions

dr Maxine Roberts

Medicine Development

Dr Qinfen Gu principal scientist

Qinfen’s top career tip

Don’t be afraid to explore different fields early on, even those outside your main interests. The connections between disciplines often lead to the most exciting discoveries.

Supporting healthy and thriving communities

With one in two Australians expected to require nuclear medicine in their lifetime, a career as a radiochemist can literally be life-changing! Maxine’s team at ANSTO works to ensure the production of nuclear isotopes for use in medicine is done safely and efficiently.

“We typically work with clients to understand their needs, providing subject matter expertise and consulting on the question or problem to be solved,” Maxine says.

“ANSTO has a goal of doing things ‘others can’t or won’t’. This allows me to use my radiochemistry research skills along with ANSTO’s equipment, facilities and infrastructure to do work that wouldn’t otherwise be possible,” she says.

Maxine’s career tip

Work on emotionalyour intelligence skills. Scientists often have to work together to solve problems.

Elevating Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledge systems

Alana’s top career tip

Don’t listen to the haters if you’re different. There is a place for every brain, you just need to find yours.

Asa research fellow and proud Truwulway woman, Alana’s work focuses on policy and law related to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and traditional medicines. Her research makes a real difference to the lives of her community and Indigenous peoples globally.

Alana says that with the elevation of Aboriginal knowledge systems as part of the new science priorities, it’s an exciting time to bring Indigenous and Western sciences together.

“We have knowledge that has been passed down through generations. It makes sense to harness this knowledge for the benefit of human and planetary health, which is what my research holds at its core,” she says.

Protecting and restoring Australia’s environment

Elisabeth’s top career tip

Unplanned career detours are the greatest opportunities for personal and professional growth.

As a research scientist in the ecotoxicology team at ANSTO, Elisabeth is helping to protect Australia’s marine environments by studying contaminants linked to decommissioned offshore oil and gas pipelines. She applies her chemistry expertise to experiment with mercury compounds and naturally occurring radioactive materials in seawater, sediment and marine organisms.

“I make radioactive mercury compounds that we can trace in model marine systems using nuclear techniques in our laboratories.”

The data is then used to inform decision-makers on how best to protect the marine environment.

dr

Elisabeth Tondl research scientist

Building a secure and resilient nation

As a science program manager working in nuclear forensics, Kaitlyn leads a small team examining forensic evidence – like fingerprints, DNA and digital devices – that is contaminated with radioactive material, meaning it can’t be examined safely in a normal forensic lab.

“Ever since I read my first Patricia Cornwell book I’ve wanted to be a forensic scientist,” she says.

“Now I get to work with forensic scientists who work for the police – it’s one of my favourite parts of the job.”

Kaitlyn’s top career tip

Try new things, even if they are far from the path you see for yourself.

Endeavour College of Natural Health

Studies, Charles Darwin University

Charles Darwin University

Indigenous Research Fellow, ANSTO

Kaitlyn Toole

Nuclear workforce of the future

We spoke to two ANSTO graduates about their awesome careers, plus what exciting opportunities are around the corner for upcoming STEM pros (like you!)

Sherry Chen OPAL Systems Engineer

CwS: Hi Sherry! What does an OPAL systems engineer at ANSTO do?

SC: My role focuses on optimising plant systems and equipment which I do by leveraging operational feedback and data to enhance efficiency and performance.

CwS: What’s the coolest thing about your job?

SC: Working at a nuclear reactor! Getting the opportunity to work with experts in various fields and becoming a technical specialist on complex reactor systems. It’s an exciting challenge everyday, and I’m constantly learning.

Raghav Hariharan Graduate Instrumentation and Control System Engineer

CwS: Hey Raghav! What do you like about working at ANSTO?

RH: Working at ANSTO is the coolest thing ever! I’m working at a dream-come-true science organisation and my day-to-day work is actively contributing to the wellbeing of people as well as progressing science!

CwS: What do you do every day?

RH: I’m part of an amazing team that looks after the nuclear medicine facilities at ANSTO. We make radiopharmaceuticals that are used in cancer treatment. I also work with the atmospheric science team to upgrade radon detectors which are used to collect data to understand global atmospheric processes and thereby air pollution.

CwS: What’s something that studying and working in STEM has taught you?

RH: How to be a self-motivated learner! It was a good skill to gain as it made me more independent!

CwS: What do you think are the nuclear careers of the future?

RH: The nuclear industry brings together all disciplines from engineering and sciences, to business and safety. I see a lot more opportunities popping up in the automation and robotics space. Technology is advancing rapidly so it’s very exciting to imagine what the future will look like. – Louise Meers

CwS: What does the future look like in your career?

SC: Full of potential! I see opportunities to contribute to advancements in safety and technology. I’m excited to be part of new challenges and innovations that can make a real impact on society. Whether it’s improving reactor efficiency, advancing sustainability, or exploring new applications for nuclear technology, the possibilities are endless!

CwS: What piece of advice would you give your younger self?

SC: Don’t put so much pressure on yourself! There are countless pathways to reach your dream degree or job.

science companies to work for 5

If the ‘S’ in STEM is calling your name, here are some awesome employers to put on your radar!

1 ANSTO

The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) is one of Australia’s leading scientific institutions, employing more than 400 scientists and hundreds of other staff. Researchers from around the world come to use its state-of-theart facilities in Sydney and Melbourne.

You’ll love working here if: You want to work on a range of issues, from climate change to cancer.

DSTG

The Defence, Science and Technology Group (DSTG) is part of the Australian Defence Force and provides science and technology support through anything from quantum and AI research, to material science for engineering projects.

You’ll love working here if: You want a career that will serve and protect your country.

Thomas Ireland works at Gilmour Space Technologies and says: “I never really imagined working in the space industry. I didn’t think there’d be companies so close to home.”

4

2 CSIRO

This Australian government agency is all about carrying out scientific research that helps Australian industry and communities. It focuses on areas like agriculture, health and biosecurity, data, energy and the environment. You’ll love working here if: You are keen to invent the next big thing.

Meet Cass Hunter, senior Indigenous researcher at CSIRO, Cairns.

Head to careerswithstem.com.au/ defence to find science role models working at DSTG.

Gilmour Space Technologies

Based on Queensland’s Gold Coast, Gilmour Space Technologies develops and launches low-cost rockets and satellites. They are the largest sovereign space manufacturer in Australia.

You’ll love working here if: You’ve always dreamed of exploring space.

Mars Australia

They produce well-known food brands for humans and pets – think M&Ms, Snickers, Whiskas and Pedigree. Mars Australia employs scientists to help research and develop their products.

You’ll love working here if: You’re passionate about food and chemistry. – Louise Meers

Learn about science + food careers at bit.ly/cwfood

Other exciting places scientists work:

• Aquariums and zoos

• Hospitals

• Museums

• Pharmacies

• Research organisations

• Schools

• Universities

• Veterinary hospitals

You could work for sports teams, supermarkets, the government, beauty companies, gyms or even yourself!

Your office could be a beach, a sports field, a crime scene, Antarctica or even space! The sky is not the limit in science.

Learn how to mix science with your passion, interest or hobby at CareerswithSTEM.com/ stem-plus-x/

A career with a conscience

Keen on a career that helps protect the environment, but don’t want to go to uni? Check out some of the pathways that can get you there!

Conservation and ecosystem management

This is a very direct pathway to protecting the environment. With a Certificate III or Diploma from VET centres like NSW TAFE, you’ll learn about:

• Restoring natural environments

• Controlling invasive species

• Indigenous land management

• Waterway rehabilitation

• Pest management

• Maintaining biodiversity

Graduates often find work with Landcare groups, or as bush regenerators, sustainability consultants and national park field officers.

There are plenty of ways to use your science skills to help the environment in jobs that don’t require a degree. Check out some of the pathways you could take below… – Amy Briggs

Conservation and environmental skills

Many institutions, including TAFE, offer introductory programs that cover basic conservation techniques and fieldwork experience. These shorter courses can lead to roles such as ecological field assistants or support further education in biodiversity conservation.

Sustainable practice

Learn how to prompt sustainable practices in many different fields! In undertaking this subject, you will learn about:

• Environmental management

• Sustainable resource use

• Community engagement

Veterinary nursing

As a vet nurse, you can help preserve biodiversity in our environment by helping injured animals that are brought into clinics and hospitals. This career start can lead to further education to become a qualified vet, or further specialisation through other VET courses!

Protecting wildlife

Once you’ve finished your vet nursing program, you can enrol in a professional course at Taronga Zoo and learn how to treat wildlife and zoo animals!

bit.ly/learnwildlife

YOUR CAREER

Unsure of where to start? Looking for something new? Got skills but not sure what jobs are suited to them?

Career information can be overwhelming, that’s why we have made it simple for you.

Explore yourcareer.gov.au to:

• find occupations and career information based on your hobbies, skills and interests.

• complete a career quiz to start your career journey.

• search study and training options.

• read real life career journeys from Australian VET Alumni and case studies.

Visit yourcareer.gov.au today!

Download the School Leavers Information Kit for information about:

• study or training options to upskill

• financial support for further study

• how to nail a job interview and more! yourcareer.gov.au/schoolleaver

BE A PLANET SAVER

Want a job where you’ll be actively trying to make the world a better place?

Jump on a science + environment study and career path!

From helping mitigate the effects of climate change (wild weather, anyone?) to solving mysteries like tar balls washing up on beaches, people working in science + environment careers are pretty busy saving the planet right now. And they’re in demand too – it’s projected there will be a 7.7% growth in employment in this field by 2028!

What’s even better is that if you want to join forces with these real-life STEM superheroes, there are stacks of different roles – from aquatic ecologists to sustainability officers – and lots of study pathways to get you there!

As an environmental scientist, your days will be filled with looking at and measuring the impact of development and human activity on the environment. Your insights will be used to help make policies and plans to help the environment, as well as educate the public about exactly what is taking place.

Oh, and a science + environment career is a great option if you want to work outside! Sure, there will still be desk work involved, but you’ll

also get to take part in monitoring habitats, collecting specimens from waterways, and assisting with environmental emergencies like oil spills.

School subjects

Get a head start on your career while still at school by taking lots of science electives in years 11 and 12. While each qualification or degree may have prerequisites (and we highly recommend you check these with your vocational education and training institute or university of choice), it’s good to start immersing yourself in the science world as soon as you can. It will give you a solid knowledge base for when you start your tertiary studies. Consider taking subjects like earth and environmental science, as well as biology. Chemistry and physics can also be useful, depending on the field you want to get into. And don’t drop maths! It’s the language of STEM and will help you with the problem-solving skills you’ll need on the job one day. – Louise Meers

job inspiration

POP THESE JOB TITLES ON YOUR RADAR - AND IN YOUR BROWSERS

• Air pollution analyst

• Bioprospector

• Clean energy scientist

• Conservation officer

• Ecosystems scientist

• Ecologist

• Environmental consultant

• Environmental health officer

• Environmental impact assessor

• Geophysicist

• Hydrogeologist

• Research scientist

• Water quality analyst

Meet people working in science+environment

Kinjia kickstarted her career at engineering consultancy GHD where her job involved studying the health of waterways around Victoria by monitoring populations of macroinvertebrates –aquatic lifeforms including insects and crustaceans.

“Studying insects is my passion, and being able to work with them on a daily basis is the absolute best part of my job,” she says.

She is now a Traditional Owner Partnerships Officer at Melbourne Water.

Check out her STEM journey: bit.ly/cws_kinjia

Danielle Udy

Antarctic climatologist

As an Antarctic climatologist, Danielle works with Antarctic ice cores in the -20°C freezer at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies in Hobart.

“We are developing a new ice core climate proxy for extreme weather events in Antarctica to be able to see how the snowfall onto the ice sheet changed before satellite observations became available.”

Learn more about her job: bit.ly/cws_danielle

Kinjia Munkara-Murray

Aquatic Ecologist

Gidyea Venner

Graduate hydrogeologist

As part of his role working at Australasian Groundwater and Environmental Consultants, Gidyea has helped to supervise drilling efforts on wells for major infrastructure projects in Queensland.

In this job, he advised on casing and development, as well as coordinating regular sampling and monitoring tests.

Gidyea’s favourite thing about working in this field is being in new environments all the time.

“Plus, continuing to operate within the cultural interface between Indigenous and Western knowledge systems whenever I have the chance.”

Read more about his career: bit.ly/cws_gidyea

SCIENCE + ENVIRONMENT + STUDY

Bachelor of Environmental Science, Edith Cowan University

Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management, Charles Sturt University

Bachelor of Science

Advanced (Honours) (Environmental Science), QUT

Certificate III in Conservation and Ecosystem Management, TAFE SA

Diploma of Environmental Monitoring and Technology, TAFE WA

SCIENCE + ENVIRONMENT + JOBS

Conservation officer

$57K–$128K Ecologist

$55K–$83K Environmental scientist

$60K–$102K Hydrogeologist

$67K–$134K*

*Salaries according to payscale.com

When a butterfly flaps its wings...

Did you know butterflies can help alert us to environmental change? Plus, hanging out with them can make you feel better!

Imagine being in a sunny garden, the air filled with the soft flutter of wings, each a different species of butterfly.

This is what volunteers at Brisbane’s Big Butterfly Count experience. Citizens can see what it is like as a scientist to document the gentle beauty of butterflies. By carefully tracking each butterfly’s presence and living patterns, butterfly counts provide a window into the health of our environment, allowing us to foresee and reveal shifts in biodiversity and ecological balances. This blend of scientific research and natural beauty allows every butterfly to be turned into data, giving way to the connections between them and the ecosystems they inhabit.

Brisbane’s Big Butterfly Count started in the butterfly season of 2020/2021, created from an initiative of the Brisbane Catchments Network.

The project aims to engage Brisbane residents of all ages and education levels to experience and contribute to a greater project of understanding our ecosystems, with around 160 different butterfly species being recorded.

This annual event not only enhances the understanding of local butterfly populations but also demonstrates the power of citizen science in an urban setting.

reena du high school student

Winning essay

Abbotsleigh student Reena Du wrote this article, winning the 2024 UNSW Bragg Student Prize for Science Writing!

Scan for more about this prize for aspiring scientists:

But why do we count butterflies?

Butterflies play a vital role in the ecosystem as pollinators, and they can be useful indicators of environmental change. Their sensitivity and quick reactions to differences in their habitats makes them valuable for monitoring shifts in ecological conditions.

Butterflies face many challenges that threaten their survival. They experience a loss of habitat, which can be linked to urban development, agricultural trends and deforestation. These activities reduce the areas butterflies use for feeding, breeding and sheltering.

Climate change worsens these issues by altering weather patterns, which can disrupt butterfly life cycles, such as times of eclosing, and the availability of their food sources.

Additionally, the use of pesticides and herbicides in crop-growing environments can pose a threat to butterflies, as they can kill them and harm the plants they collect pollen and nectar from.

Invasive species can disrupt the lives of butterflies by outcompeting them to plants and preying on their larvae.

By taking part in butterfly counts, community members collect data that can help scientists and researchers track changes in the environment, allowing them to make informed decisions about conservation strategies.

It’s not just butterflies that benefit from butterfly counts though – research shows they also help humans! Participants gain a sense of connection to nature, and evidence shows that strengthening this connection can lead to an increase in our wellbeing and more environmentally friendly behaviours.

A study was conducted by researcher Dr Carly Butler on emotions participants felt during a butterfly count, and it was shown that the more emotions felt, the more engagement with nature.

What does Brisbane’s Big Butterfly Count do?

Brisbane’s Big Butterfly Count provides many opportunities for researchers and butterfly enthusiasts to engage with butterflies and the ecosystems they inhabit.

Surveys are conducted at a variety of locations in Brisbane representing different butterfly habitats. The data is collected three times during the butterfly season.

Citizens use the BioCollect app or paper flyers featuring over 30 common local butterflies, allowing easy accessibility for people who may not be used to research. The data is entered into the Atlas of Living Australia to keep track of the butterflies found.

There are many workshops for those wanting to learn more about butterflies, such as identifying butterflies and their habitats. Ecology walks are also provided to explore the relationship between butterflies and their habitats.

Educators and butterfly enthusiasts are given resources to spread their teachings to other people. Additionally, targeted butterfly plantings for butterfly rehabilitators and gardeners promote teachings on larval host plants. Public events highlighting the environmental value of looking after butterflies are also held.

Overall, Brisbane’s Big Butterfly Count is a way for citizen scientists to observe the environment around them, while also providing data for understanding and preserving biodiversity. These counts offer insights on the impact humans have on the natural world and what state the environment around us is in. – Reena Du

Threatened species ecologist

Kaija Pedler loved all the field work in her Charles Sturt degree and now she’s putting it into practice every day

Asa self-described “bush kid” growing up, Kaija says nobody was surprised when she switched from studying forensics and criminology to a Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management at Charles Sturt University.

Kaija is now employed as an ecologist in the threatened species team of the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, where she collects data on species including the southern bell frog, Sloane’s froglet, regent parrot, western pygmy possum and even some orchids!

kaija pedler ecologist

Kaija met her current boss while on a field trip as part of her degree, and she’s looking forward to doing more threatened species research in the future.

“I like that the Charles Sturt enviro cohort is a little bit smaller. It is nice to not feel like a number, and also means they know your name for possible work experience or volunteering,” she says.

“Ecology always has new and evolving fields, so there are a lot of options.” – Charis Palmer

SCIENCE+ ENVIRONMENT

Sustainability careers

With environmental science qualifications you could have a career making a real difference to the sustainability of the planet and life on it

Sustainability officer

These superstars help companies and government organisations do better when it comes to their impact on the environment. They measure things like emissions, waste disposal and resource use, and suggest and monitor improvements over time.

Average annual salary: $69,332*

Sustainability analyst

As an environmental analyst you get in deep with data that matters for sustainability. Think: water, air or soil quality. You might spend your days checking monitoring sites and writing reports for business or government agencies.

Average annual salary: $74,500*

Environmental compliance specialist

If detail is your thing then a career as a compliance specialist could be for you. This job would see you using your environmental science knowledge to ensure organisations comply with environmental regulations.

Average annual salary: $87,429*

Environmental health and safety coordinator

In this gig you’ll help to ensure employee safety by doing things like training workers on environmental health and safety protocols, and providing advice to senior managers. You could work in-house or as a consultant.

Average annual salary: $79,695*

• Bachelor of Sustainability

• Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management

Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management (Ecology and Conservation), Charles Sturt University

Assistant Regional Operations Support Officer, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water Degrees

Climate changer

Macquarie University graduate Emma Handley gets paid to save the

planet

For Emma, going to work means making a major difference. As an environment and sustainability scientist, her daily to-do list involves managing sustainable development and contaminated land management projects, and drafting climate risk evaluations. And yep, as with most next-gen STEM pathways, getting there was half the fun.

“It started in high school. Earth and environmental science was always one of my favourite subjects – particularly the term we spent on oceanography,” she says.

Sustainable study

Looking for a degree that allowed her to deep dive into theory, but that was also peppered with practical units, Emma enrolled in a Bachelor of Marine Science at Macquarie University. She took classes across the entire Science and Engineering Faculty, diving into areas as diverse as biology, geoscience and meteorology. She was even lucky enough to head to Indonesia on exchange after landing a New Colombo Plan scholarship.

“I completed one semester at Udayana University in Bali,” she says. “It was an amazing way to develop practical and cross-cultural skills, as well as expanding on the theory I had learnt.”

internships are a great way to learn about roles you might want”

Emma handley environment and sustainability scientist

The real deal

While at uni, Emma put her hand up for many extracurricular opportunities, including a geology excursion across New Zealand.

“Internships or research positions are a great way to learn more about the kinds of roles you might want to end up in,” she says.

She followed up her undergrad degree with a Master of Sustainability, exploring the impact of our changing climate on fishery supply chains.

Now, Emma has two roles in two different environmental organisations!

“In my core role, I manage contaminated land investigation and remediation projects,” she says of her gig at EP Risk Management.

“We look at contamination issues affecting soil, groundwater, oceans and rivers from current and historic land uses.”

And then there’s her operations position at Climate Risk Advisory, where she helps businesses respond to climate challenges. Her advice for those keen to get into a similar field? “Get as much experience as you can out of the classroom!” – Cassie Steel

A mission, should you choose to accept it

Discover a career that is out of this world

When you think of space, you might think of astronauts, but a career in space can include so many other roles! There are numerous missions you can choose from, whether it’s exploring the stars or calculating a satellite’s orbit. You could be an astronomer looking through telescopes (and other equipment) to study the planets, stars and other celestial objects, or a space scientist using the laws of science to understand the universe. Maybe you’ll be drawn to astrophysics, delving into the mysteries of black holes and the birth of stars.

A career in space can also take you all over the country, including Queensland. At the moment, 20% of the nation’s space-related jobs are in Queensland, and it hopes its space industry will create up to 6000 Queensland jobs by 2036. Will you be lucky enough to scoop one of them up?

Whether you’re fascinated by the night sky or the thrill of innovation, careers in space offer endless job opportunities – and many can be done from the comfort of your home planet. – Samantha Wheeler

SPACE LESSONS

What we learn from studying space is also being applied in other sectors including:

• Agriculture

• Telecommunications

• Manufacturing

• Medicine • Mining • Weather forecasting

From science to crypto

Karlie Noon spends her days trying to unravel the Milky Way’s Secrets

Karlie Noon Astrophysicist and PhD Candidate

Karlie, a Kamilaroi astronomer, found her passion for the field through her deep appreciation for her culture, nature and science.

“Astronomy and really all physics play a really big role in Indigenous culture,” she says.

Her PhD bridges the gap between theoretical physics and observational astronomy. She gets to work with cutting-edge radio telescopes to gather data on star-formation materials, which helps predict the galaxy’s lifespan.

Advice for aspiring astrophysicists

Here are Karlie’s career tips for those aspiring to follow in her footsteps.

• Embrace failure: “In science, you will fail 99% of the time. You have to get used to separating your self-worth from your success rate. Failing is normal.”

• Be resilient: “The difference between being successful and unsuccessful is that you pick yourself up and keep going and keep trying.”

• Balance your life: “Live a really balanced, happy, healthy life to be able to show up every day with curiosity and passion.”

“Seeing that first image of something that no one has seen before is really magical.”

Unlike traditional scientists, astronomers cannot control the environment they study, so they use simulations to test their theories instead.

“Astronomers are very deprived scientists. We don’t have labs, we can’t control what the galaxy is doing or anything like that,” Karlie says.

START

While many astronomers focus on distant galaxies, Karlie’s more drawn to the Milky Way.

“I find it really interesting that there’s a lot we don’t understand about our home galaxy,” she says.

She loves seeing a small part of the galaxy come to life before her eyes.

“Simulations are an opportunity to test our understanding of our theories and the physics that we know. And also an opportunity for us to run experiments that we normally wouldn’t be able to run,” she adds.

“We essentially take what we know from theory, from all our equations and all our different theories within physics, and we try to simulate the galaxy.”

SCIENCE + SPACE + STUDY

Bachelor of Science (Astronomy and Astrophysics), Macquarie University

Bachelor of Science (Space Sc & Astrophysics), The University of Adelaide

Bachelor of Science (Astronomy & Astrophysics), Australian National University

Graduate Diploma of Science (Astrophysics), University of Southern Queensland

SCIENCE + SPACE + JOBS

Astrophysicist

$61K–$101K

Astronomer

$70K–$152K

Meteorologist

$65K–$113K

Atmospheric scientist

$94K–$167K*

*Salaries according to payscale. com and salaryexpert.com

Quantum leap

career

Supercharge your science skills with future-proof qualifications in an industry on the up

For science lovers, there is no shortage of pathways after high school. But if you’re also keen on tech – and want a job that’s niche, diverse and rewarding – a career in quantum could be your calling.

And nope, despite the buzz around quantum computing, quantum qualifications aren’t just reserved for those in IT. Quantum-literate grads are at the forefront of scientific innovation, championing cutting-edge tech in diverse fields ranging from defence, mining, space and business, to health, cyber security and education.

So who’s hiring? Short answer: everyone! At Transport NSW, quantum technologies are solving complex networking challenges

(think: timetabling and rerouting vehicles). Meanwhile, scientists at the CSIRO are developing quantum sensors to change the resource game, assisting mining companies to detect magnetic fields and target specific underground resources.

In case you needed another reason to consider quantum, Australia’s quantum research industry is forecast to generate over 16,000 jobs by 2040. So, getting skilled up in both science and quantum is a smart way to kickstart an in-demand career. –CassieSteel

Emerging ecosystem

What the quantum?

Quantum is extremely complex – but put simply, it’s a branch of science that examines things that are very, very small (yep, tinier than an atom) in order to make sense of the universe.

Quantum and science go way back. With the potential to solve some of society’s biggest problems, quantum-led technologies are just as common in next-gen science fields as AI and automation. From ultra-precise measuring devices to specialised hardware, security systems and tracking tools, quantum-driven initiatives are enabling new research capabilities across many sectors. And the best bit for wannabe quantum pros? Study options are as diverse as the gigs going! On top of a strong background in classical physics and advanced maths, you’ll want problem-solving skills and an interest in AI. Look into bachelor’s degrees in computer science, engineering and science, packed with units in quantum mechanics, optics and physics. If you’re keen to get even deeper into quantum theory, adding an honours year or a master’s degree is a great way to level-up and dive into advanced quantum topics like spin-statistics, computational chemistry and electronics.

CV stalk

Talented aerospace student Keshavi Charde hopes to use her quantum skills to design and develop air and spacecrafts

Quantum-literate Keshavi has turned her love of physics into a career set for the stars.

“I’ve always wondered about the big [quantum] questions: ‘How big is the universe? Where is it located?’ Building machines that can help answer them is why I chose the path I did,” she says.

keshavi charde aerospace student

Enrolling in UNSW’s Bachelor of Aerospace Engineering / Bachelor of Advanced Science (Physics) double degree allowed Keshavi to apply quantum-heavy physics research to her practical electric and mechanical units.

And for fun? On-campus clubs like UNSW’s rocket group and its American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics’ (AIAA) branch have connected her with like-minded mates.

“I ended up becoming secretary [of the AIAA], and I was immediately hooked!” she says.

Rocket science

Eight years into her career, Keshavi is getting closer to landing her dream role in the quantum aerospace industry. Last year she scored a prestigious Fulbright exchange scholarship to start a Master of Quantum Science and Technology at the University of California, Los Angeles, which will help deepen her skills in physics research.

With professional quantum networks in both Australia and the United States now, the sky literally is the limit for this global aerospace engineering grad.

“With this opportunity I get to collaborate between two countries at the forefront of quantum,” she says.

“It’s about exploring our unique pathways and progress together.” – Cassie Steel

Master of Quantum Science and Technology (Physics),

SCIENCE + QUANTUM + STUDY

Bachelor of Science (Physics), Macquarie University

Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) (Quantum Engineering), UNSW

Master of Quantum Technology, The University of Queensland

Bachelor of Advanced Computer Science, University of Western Australia

SCIENCE + QUANTUM + JOBS

Materials scientist

$66K–$130K

Software engineer

$62K–$124K

Cyber security analyst

$60K–$123K

Device physicist

$74K–$137K*

*Salaries according to payscale.com

MAKE NATURE YOUR OFFICE

Discover a whole new world (in this case, a whole new species)

Imagine trekking through a remote Australian rainforest when, suddenly, you spot an animal or bug you’ve never seen before. Could it be a new species? One waiting for you to discover it?

It’s estimated that a staggering 70% of all Australian species – which includes plants, animals and fungi – haven’t been discovered yet. So it’s no wonder there’s still so much to learn about when it comes to animals, especially here in Australia.

A career with animals could lead you to not only discovering new breeds or species, but your work as an ecologist might also go

Travel in the field

There are so many opportunities to get out in the field when you combine a science + animals job!

• Wildlife biologist

• Wildlife photographer

• Veterinarian

• Marine biologist

towards protecting animal habitats or exploring the deepest oceans as a marine biologist. You could even look after animal populations as a wildlife conservationist.

With Australia losing 75% of its rainforests and having the highest rate of mammal extinctions in the world, our reputation isn’t great when it comes to the squeeze on our ecosystems, which means working with animals has never been more important.

Want to save your furry (or feathered or scaled) friends? Your journey starts with a class in biology. – Samantha Wheeler

Programs that help our animals

Rewilding Australia aims to reintroduce five animals, including the southern brown bandicoot, to at least five places in southeastern Australia by 2030.

Saving Native Species Program helps support the recovery of threatened native species, including koalas.

Marine and Coastal Hub’s research supports Australia’s marine and coastal environments, including estuaries and reefs.

The Nature Fund provides funding to help stop the decline of native plants and animals.

Weeds and Pests on Public Land aims to limit the spread of foxes and rabbits, which threaten our native plants and animals.

Helpful skills

Interested in becoming an ecologist? Here are some useful skills:

✔ Problem-solving

✔ Communication

✔ Analytical thinking

✔ Love for the outdoors and nature

SCIENCE + ANIMALS + STUDY

Bachelor of Animal and Veterinary Biosciences, La Trobe University

Bachelor of Biodiversity and Conservation, Macquarie University

Bachelor of Science (Ecology and Conservation

Biology), University of Wollongong

Bachelor of Science (Zoology), The University of Queensland

SCIENCE + ANIMALS + JOBS

Ecologist

$55K–$84K

Marine biologist

$46K–$128K

Wildlife biologist

$51K–$78K

Zoologist

$59K–$88K*

*Salaries according to payscale.com

Animal instincts

Veterinary surgeon Emma Hay is proof that not all pathways start with uni

After finishing high school, Emma didn’t need to stress about what was next because she’d already smashed out a Certificate IV in veterinary nursing.

“I was the first person in Australia to become a qualified vet nurse before I’d even finished high school,” says the former WA Trainee of the Year. “I proved it was possible if you put in the time and effort.”

Although it was difficult to convince her teachers that enrolling in TAFE while juggling her final year was a good idea, Emma’s persistence paid off when she scored a part-time traineeship at GEOvet Veterinary Hospital before the year was out.

Emma had good reason to double her already epic workload. Many undergrad veterinary science degrees require an ATAR in the 90s, so vet nursing was a way to get started early.

i became a qualified vet nurse before i’d even finished high school”

“I figured I could take a Certificate IV instead, gain entry into animal science, and then transfer directly into second year,” Emma says.

Doing it all

With a passion for animals (“We always had horses growing up!”), Emma built the foundations of her successful career at Polytechnic West. Her Certificate IV helped her gain entry into an animal science degree, which later led to a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine – both at Murdoch University.

“I’ve shown that it’s possible to get an education in other ways,” she says of her alternative pathway.

“Not every person will benefit from completing an ATAR pathway.”

These days Emma is literally living her dream and working as a veterinary surgeon.

And although it took her a little longer to get there – and an extra certificate (or IV) – Emma is proof that thinking outside of the box might just be a STEM undergrad’s most employable skill. – Cassie Steel

dr emma hay veterinary surgeon

Get started in science

Watch our STEM + X: Science webinar recording to explore how you can combine a science degree with your passion, another field or a world-changing goal. You’ll hear from a leader in Antarctic conservation, a reef restoration pioneer, a biological scientist who advises companies on environmental conservation and a graduate hydrogeologist. Brought to you in partnership with QUT, you’ll gain tips, tricks and advice for forging your very own science study and career path: bit.ly/QUTsciwebinar

Check your electives

Are you studying what you need to in years 11 and 12 to get into your dream course after school? Find out if the qualifications you’re aiming for have any prerequisites and have a chat with your careers advisor for further guidance around subject selection.

Immerse yourself #6

In citizen science! You don’t have to wait until you’re at uni or TAFE to start making your mark on the world of science. From recording frog calls to counting koalas, there are lots of programs and initiatives to get involved in. They all look good on your CV too! Head to citizenscience.org.au and look for their project finder to find something near you.

Careers with STEM: Science 2025 is a publication and trademark of Refraction Media. Copyright © 2025 Refraction Media, all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any manner or form without written permission. If you would like to reproduce anything from this magazine, email: info@refractionmedia.com.au.

We acknowledge the Traditional Owners of country throughout Australia and recognise their continuing connection to land, waters and culture. We pay our respects to their Elders past, present and emerging. This issue went to press on 20 January 2025. Printed in Australia by IVE.

Cover image: Lauren Trompp

Produced and published by: Refraction Media

Co-founder, CEO & Publisher : Karen Taylor-Brown

Partnerships Manager : Rachel Jones

#5 #3

Find courses

If uni or TAFE is in your future, take a look at the gooduniversitiesguide.com.au to find excellent science degrees and qualifications near you. You can filter by qualification type, location, study mode, as well as field of study.

Diving into our free Job Kits can help! We’ve got ones on everything from marine science to green chemistry. Take a look and download at bit.ly/CwSTEMJK or scan the QR code.