Rural Electric Nebraskan by Nebraska Rural Electric Association

May 2014

Stop by the

Old Bank Coffee Shop

Power Powered ed by People. The rreal eal power behind Tri-State is its people. From skilled emplo oyyees in rremot emote field locationss, coal mines and power plants to dedicated workkers in Tri-State facilities acrross o Colorrado oss o, Nebrraskka, New Meexic xic x o and Wyoming, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the people of Tri-State who make it possible for for us to generat a e and nd delivver er the electrricitty that helps help our communities thrriv ivve.

Wholesale power supplier to 44 electric cooperatives in Colorado, New Mexico, Nebraska and Wyoming.

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Volume 68, Number 5, May 2014

“The Rural Voice of Nebraska”

Staff Editor Wayne Price Editorial Assistant Kathy Barkmeier Published by the

Contents Features

Energy Saving Heating and Cooling Systems

Up to half of the energy used in your home goes to heating and cooling. Making smart decisions about your home's heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system can have a big effect on your utility bills — and your comfort.

Visit us at www.nrea.org General Manager Troy Bredenkamp President Randy Papenhausen, Cedar-Knox Public Power District Vice President/Secretary Ron Jensen, Loup Valleys Rural Public Power District

The Old Bank Coffee Shop Bob and Tina Albrecht have been running the Old Bank Coffee Shop in Nelson, Neb. for six years and offer visitors a welcoming destination for locals and travelers in the area.

Treasurer David Keener, Niobrara Electric Association, Inc. Published monthly by the Nebraska Rural Electric Association, 1244 K Street, Box 82048, Lincoln, Nebraska 68501, (402) 475-4988.

Advertising in the Rural Electric Nebraskan does not imply endorsement for products by the Nebraska Rural Electric Association. Correspondence should be sent to Wayne Price, Editor, Rural Electric Nebraskan, Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501. The Rural Electric Nebraskan is printed by Quad Graphics, 660 Mayhew Lake Rd. NE, St. Cloud, MN 56304. Form 3579 should be sent to the Rural Electric Nebraskan, Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501. Periodicals postage paid at Lincoln, Neb. POSTMASTER: send address changes to the Rural Electric Nebraskan, 1244 K Street, Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501. Publication numbers are USPS 071-630 and ISSN 0193-4937.

Departments EDITOR’S PAGE

SAFETY BRIEFS — Murphy

CUT YOUR UTILITY BILLS by James Dulley

RECIPES

ADULT PEN PALS

MARKETPLACE/CLASSIFIEDS

On the cover Bob and Tina Albrecht operate The Old Bank Coffee Shop in Nelson, Neb. See the related story on page 12. Photograph by Wayne Price.

Rates: $10 for one year; $15 for two years; $20 for three years, plus local and state tax.

May 2014

EDITOR’S PAGE

A new way to use an ordinary ol’ Mason jar very month I receive mail promoting new products that companies want the public to know about. And every once in a while I find one that captures my interest. One such product came in last month so I thought I would share it with you. Most of you probably have a Mason jar somewhere in your house. But have you ever considered using one as a travel mug? A company in Massachusetts was developed around creating a solution for easier drinking from a canning jar. They came up with a lid that lets you drink, without spilling, from virtually any wide or regular mouth canning jar. The folks at Cuppow already saw the canning jar as the perfect travel mug. It’s easy to clean, made of heat-resistant glass, cheap, durable, and when it is sealed it doesn’t leak. But if you’ve ever drank from one, you know that their large opening is not great for spill-free sipping while on the go. So they created a lid, allowing people to upcycle the ordinary Mason jar into an ecofriendly alternative to messy, disposable paper cups and those overly expensive travel mugs. Cuppow products utilize BPA and phthalate free food-grade recycled plastic as part of an ongoing commitment to divert as much needless waste as possible from the landfill. Joshua Resnikoff, Cuppow cofounder, said the company set a goal of reducing our environmental impact through abstaining from the use of disposable paper coffee cups. “We wanted to carry that intent into the product, so we committed ourselves to not producing another "throwaway" coffee lid like those found at gas stations,” he said. “Cuppow is robust enough to last a lifetime of use, and is sourced from recycled stock of food-grade plastic.” Cuppow has also created an adaptor for the

by Wayne Price

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canning jar, turning it into an on-the-go container. They came up with BNTO (bentoh), a conveniently shaped insert that separates the canning jar into two compartments so you can mix or dip like a pro. The first product offering in the BNTO line hold six fluid ounces and is built to fit snugly under the standard metal lid of a wide mouth canning jar. Cuppow products are made from food-grade polypropylene at a plant in Massachusetts. Resnikoff said they only use domestic options in their supply, manufacturing, and fulfillment. While this might increase the overall cost of business, keeping the entire process within an hour’s drive allows Cuppow to ensure quality along every step of the process. “We know that our customers take pride in purchasing a highquality 100 percent American made product,” he said. “We knew that we didn't want to have it made overseas and then shipped here; even if the parts could be produced more cheaply the shipping and transportation wouldn't be very eco-minded.” Canning jars are made of heat resistant glass so they are safe to be exposed to even boiling temperatures, but they will get hot to the touch. There are sleeves or coozies available for Mason Jars, from companies such as www.freakerusa.com in North Carolina and www.holdsterusa.com in Vermont which makes a leather sleeve. A simple search on Etsy for ‘mason jar sleeve’ yields hundreds of handmade, recycled, and vintage options for your perusing pleasure. You can always up-cycle something like a basic coozie or even an old wool sock. Or you can even knit, sew, or crochet something yourself. You can order Cuppow products at www.cuppow.com.

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Energy Saving Heating and Cooling Systems Climate, Costs, and Technology Matter Up to half of the energy used in your home goes to heating and cooling. Making smart decisions about your home's heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system can have a big effect on your utility bills â&#x20AC;&#x201D; and your comfort.

By Thomas Kirk id you know that more than half of what youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re spending on energy bills goes to heating and cooling your home? It all adds up when you think about the amount of energy and money it takes to heat a home in a cold climate and to cool one in a region where the temperatures are hot. However, consumers can turn this necessary expense into savings by selecting the appropriate heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system for their needs. Modern systems featuring ductless, air-source, or ground-source technologies are just as effective as more traditional systems, but are much more energy efficient.

Rural Electric Nebraskan

Consider Going Ductless If you are conditioning smaller areas in retrofits, home additions, or in new construction, a Ductless Heat Pump (DHP) may be right for you. And it’s energy efficient. The DHP uses an estimated 50 to 60 percent less energy than electric resistance heating systems. They’re comprised of an outside compressor, indoor air handling units (mounted on a wall or ceiling), refrigerant lines, and a controller (either an in-home display or wireless remote). A 1¼ ton DHP system – an average size for heating and cooling a single-zone home – could cost about $4,000 to install. Keep in mind that pricing will vary based on brand and installation needs. But despite the system’s benefits, some consumers may not like having their heating system and

equipment located on their walls and visible. When DHPs are installed, they are placed at the top of walls, near the ceiling. Air Source Ducted electric Air-Source Heat Pumps (ASHPs) provide year-round space-conditioning and can both heat and cool a home. They use a single piece of equipment – allowing for a lower capital cost in most cases – and provide heat cheaper than electric resistance heating. These systems work by transferring energy between the air outside and the air inside a building. This principle of moving energy, not creating heat, is what allows ASHPs to be more efficient than electric resistance heating and fossil fuel heating. Please turn to page 8

Know Before You Buy

May 2014

Energy Saving Systems From page 6 Heat pumps will work in just about any climate zone because most use some form of auxiliary or backup heat, so when the temperature drops to a lower temperature than the heat pump can keep up with, auxiliary heat is called on to make up what the heat pump cannot do by itself. Heat pump HVAC systems can use electric or fossil fuels for the auxiliary heat source which is placed in the air handler or furnace inside the home. The exception to this use of backup auxiliary heat is the DHPs. They rely on an external source for the backup heat when it is needed. Choosing the right size system is also important. Be sure to ask the HVAC contractors to properly size, design and verify your HVAC installation. If a heat

pump is too small, it can’t provide sufficient cooling. An oversized one can be costly and require other equipment to operate, which is hard on the equipment and adds to the expense of the operating system. Ground Source Ground source heat pumps (GSHP), also called geothermal heat pumps or geoexchange systems, are electrically powered devices that use consistent year-round temperatures found underground to regulate indoor air temperature. GSHP systems are comprised of one or more underground loops that act as heat exchangers. They are connected to a heat pump unit that is then connected to a home’s heating and air conditioning system. In the summer, the loops transfer heat from the home into the ground, or in some cases, water. In the winter, the process is

reversed. Because GSHPs take advantage of moderate temperature found below ground for heating and cooling, in most climates they are much more efficient than air source heat pumps and other standard HVAC equipment. While savings vary depending on climate, the U.S. Department of Energy estimates that most homeowners will see a return on their investment in a GSHP system in two to 10 years through lower energy bills. A desuperheater or hot water generator can be added to the GSHP system, eliminating the need to heat water with gas or more electricity. If the investment is financed on a mortgage, cost savings begin immediately. As you consider these many heating and cooling options for your home, think carefully about whether a highefficiency system will save you money

How do I select a contractor to do the work? Selecting the right contractor is critical to the performance of your new HVAC system. The contractor is responsible for determining the type and size of the system and explaining your options as well as installing the system. A good contractor also should provide a warranty and aftersale service. Here are some tips on identifying the right contractor for the job: • Ask about the licensing and qualifications of prospective contractors. Is the contractor state-licensed? Is the contractor a member of state and national contractor associations, such as Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA)? Is the contractor adequately insured? • Make sure the contractor inspects your home and existing system, and explains your options. • Ask the contractor for the estimated annual operating cost of HVAC systems with different efficiencies (SEERs and HSPFs). This information will help you determine the total cost of each system over the lifetime of the unit. • Make sure the contractor has adequate staff to install

the system and respond promptly to service calls. What guarantees, warranties and follow-up service are offered? Warranties vary, so it’s important to know what is included in the warranty and what is not. Ask about a maintenance service agreement - what does it cost and what does it cover? • Are the technicians NATE (North American Technician Excellence) certified? Are they familiar with the brand of equipment that you want to buy? Will they perform load calculations, duct design and installation using industrystandard methods? • Get three written estimates for the work: what is being done, what equipment is being provided and when installation will begin and be completed. Understand what is included in each price. Remember the best value may not necessarily come from the contractor that offers the lowest price. Consider the cost of operating the system as well as the initial cost. This information is part of the “Questions to ask when replacing your HVAC” brochure, courtesy of your Touchstone Energy Cooperative.

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in the long run and if it meets your heating and cooling needs. Remember that HVAC costs vary significantly by manufacturer, region, dealer, and the time of year the unit is purchased. So, as you evaluate these systems and comparison shop, be sure to get local or regional price quotes. Some of the best savings and deals can come from your local public powert district or electric cooperative and from government programs offering rebates, tax incentives, or interest-free loans. Incentives are available for customers of NPPD and their wholesale utility customers. Or, homeowners may take advantage of a low interest loan available through the Nebraska Energy Office. Thomas Kirk is a technical research analyst specializing in energy efficiency and renewable energy for the Cooperative Research Network (CRN), a service of the Arlington, Va.-based National Rural Electric Cooperative Association

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Hiring summer workers on your farm? A member of the Wheat Belt Public Power District board of directors received the following letter from the State of Nebraska Workers’ Compensation Court and thought it would be useful information to share with all Rural Electric Nebraskan readers. The Court monitors businesses in order to make employers aware of their responsibilities under the Workers’ Compensation Act. All employers in the State of Nebraska with one or more employees, parttime or full-time, must carry a policy of workers’ compensation insurance. The only exceptions are employers of household domestic servants and certain agricultural employers. Employers engaged in an agricultural operation are not required to provide workers’ compensation insurance coverage if they employ only related employees, i.e. parents, grandparents, great grandparents, children, grandchildren, great grandchildren, brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, and spouses of the same. Agricultural employers who employ unrelated employees must provide workers’ compensation coverage if, in a calendar year they employ 10 or more unrelated, full-time

employees on each working day for 13 calendar weeks (consecutive or not). The act applies to an employer 30 days after the 13th week. Every exempt agricultural employer who does not elect to provide workers’ compensation insurance coverage must give all employees written notice at the time of hiring that they will not be covered by the act, that they will not be compensated under the act if they are injured on the job or suffer an occupational disease, and that they should plan accordingly. Failure to provide this notice subjects an employer to liability under the act for all unrelated employees. An employer exempt from the act may elect to provide workers’ compensation coverage for its employees. Such election is made by the employer obtaining a workers’ compensation insurance policy from an insurer licensed to write workers’ compensation insurance in Nebraska. Under Section 48-115(9), an executive

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officer of a corporation who owns 25 percent or more of the common stock of such corporation or an executive officer of a nonprofit corporation who receives annual compensation of one thousand dollars or less from such corporation are not considered employees under the Act. Such executive officers may choose to be covered under the provisions of the Act by filing a written election with the secretary of the corporation and with the workers’ compensation insurer. Executive officers owning less than 25 percent of the common stock and officers of nonprofit corporations receiving compensation of more than $1,000 annually from the corporation must be covered by a workers’ compensation policy.

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Clogged, Backed—up Septic System…Can anything Restore It? Dear Darryl

DEAR DARRYL: My home is about 10 years old, and so is my septic system. I have always taken pride in keeping my home and property in top shape. In fact, my neighbors and I are always kidding each other about who keeps their home and yard nicest. Lately, however, I have had a horrible smell in my yard, and also in one of my bathrooms, coming from the shower drain. My grass is muddy and all the drains in my home are very slow.

My wife is on my back to make the bathroom stop smelling and as you can imagine, my neighbors are having a field day, kidding me about the mud pit and sewage stench in my yard. It’s humiliating. I called a plumber buddy of mine, who recommended pumping (and maybe even replacing) my septic system. But at the potential cost of thousands of dollars, I hate to explore that option. I tried the store bought, so called, Septic treatments out there, and they did Nothing to clear up my problem. Is there anything on the market I can pour or flush into my system that will restore it to normal, and keep it maintained? Clogged and Smelly – Omaha, NE

DEAR CLOGGED AND SMELLY: As a reader of my column, I am sure you are aware that I have a great deal of experience in this particular field. You will be glad to know that there IS a septic solution that will solve your back-up and effectively restore your entire system from interior piping throughout the septic system and even unclog the drain field as well. SeptiCleanse® Shock and Maintenance Programs deliver your system the fast active bacteria and enzymes needed to liquefy solid waste and free the clogs causing your back-up. This fast-acting bacteria multiplies within minutes of application and is specifically designed to withstand many of today’s anti-bacterial cleaners, soaps and detergents. It comes in dissolvable plastic packs, that you just flush down your toilets. It’s so cool. Plus, they actually Guarantee that it restores ANY system, no matter how bad the problem is. SeptiCleanse® Shock and Maintenance Programs are designed to work on any septic system regardless of design or age. From modern day systems to sand mounds, and systems installed generations ago, I have personally seen SeptiCleanse unclog and restore these systems in a matter of weeks. I highly recommend that you try it before spending any money on repairs. SeptiCleanse products are available online at www.septicleanse.com or you can order or learn more by calling toll free at 1-888-899-8345. If you use the promo code “NESEPT2”, you can get a free shock treatment, added to your order, which normally costs $169. So, make sure you use that code when you call or buy online.

Bring your appetite to The Old Bank Coffee Shop ob and Tina Albrecht are no strangers to getting to work before the sun rises. They have been doing it for the past six years, opening the doors of the Old Bank Coffee Shop in Nelson, Neb. and preparing to serve breakfast to their customers. The Old Bank Coffee Shop is located in the historic bank building on Nelson’s main street just 4 miles north of Highway 136 on Highway 14. Bob and Tina are the shop’s only employees. Bob’s passion for cooking began when he was in high school. He worked at a local country club in the restaurant when he was 15 years old. After he graduated from high school he received a culinary arts degree from the Madison Area Technical College in Madison, Wisc. He was working in Oklahoma when he met Tina. A job opportunity at Country Barn candle manufacturing brought them to Hastings, Neb. but it wasn’t long before he put on a chef’s hat once again. “We knew about Nelson,” Bob said, “and thought it was a great community.” The Albrechts helped another

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couple open the Old Bank Coffee Shop and were able to purchase the business two years later. They kept the name and created a welcoming destination for locals and travelers in the area. The Old Bank Coffee Shop serves up authentic espresso, lattes and cappuccinos plus several types of brewed coffee made from freshly ground beans. The breakfast menu includes belgian waffles with fruit toppings, sausage gravy and bisquits and the B.O.B. breakfast sandwich, a sausage patty, egg and cheese on an English muffin. It is also a popular lunch destination with a rotating menu of choices for daily specials such as reuben and beef brisket sandwiches, turkey wraps, BBQ Beef and Hot Beef sandwiches, and soups. The shop is open from 7 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Tuesday through Friday and from 7 a.m. to 12 noon on Saturdays. They are closed on Sunday and Monday. The Albrechts also provide catering for private events. Nelson is also the location of the main office of the South Central Public Power District.

May 2014

The metal roof on this log cabin features a standing seam design that reflects the sun’s rays, making the home easier to cool in the summer months and great for snow shedding in the winter. Photograph provided by Metal Roofing Alliance

Cool energy bills with metal roofing sphalt shingles are still the norm in most regions, but the next roof over your head could be an energy-saving metal one made of stainless steel and painted to reflect hot sun rays. Thomas Jefferson chose metal roofing to shelter Monticello, his Virginia estate. Centuries later, historians say, Jefferson’s “tin” roof “is in fine shape.” That kind of durability, say metal roofing retailers and manufacturers, is a strong selling point for making converts of a growing band of homeowners who want a building material that is not only sustainable, energy efficient, and cost-effective, but more aesthetically pleasing than asphalt. Today, consumers can select metals from copper to zinc. They can also choose roofing styles ranging from traditional vertical seams to those that resemble wood shake, slate,

shingles, and clay tiles. A multi-year study conducted by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s Building Technology Center suggests that replacing conventional asphalt roofs with metal ones can reduce air conditioning energy use by up to 25 percent. Wondering whether your house should be clad with a metal roof? Energy Star offers this guidance: homes hampered with high airconditioning bills, have large roof surfaces, lower levels of insulation, and are located in hot, sunny climates benefit the most from metal roofing. Painted metal roofs, also known as “cool metal roofs,” are designed to reflect more sunlight and absorb less heat than a standard roof. Special reflective color pigments in the paint make that possible. But whether using white or a darker paint color, heat will still reflect well and help reduce

cooling loads in the summer and insulate homes during the winter. With metal roofs, there are also other ways for homeowners to save money over time, but the initial purchase price can be a factor. The cost for using metal roofing systems in home renovations or in new residential construction is higher than most other roofing materials, say manufacturers. But compared to traditional dark gray asphalt shingles and other non-metal roofs that last on average 17 years and require replacing about every decade or two, metal roofs last longer. The lifespan of metal roofs is about two to three times longer, says William “Bill” Hippard, chairman of the non-profit Metal Roofing Alliance, a coalition dedicated to educating consumers about the benefits of modern metal roofing, and the product is virtually maintenance-free.

Rural Electric Nebraskan

Check your boats & docks to prevent deadly shocks afe Electricity urges boat and dock owners to: “Prevent deadly shocks. Check your boats and docks.” Have electrical systems checked and repaired to help prevent water electrocution accidents. Exposure to the elements and the motion of water can degrade the condition of electrical components allowing electricity to leak into the water or energize surrounding metal. Each year, people are killed by electrical shock while in the water near docks or boats plugged into shore power. Proper maintenance and safety equipment are vital in helping to prevent these tragedies. Safe Electricity in conjunction with the American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC) and the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers/National Electrical Contractors Association recommend: • Docks should have ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) breakers on the circuits feeding electricity to the dock. • The metal frame of docks should be bonded to connect all metal parts to the alternating current (AC) safety ground at the power source. That will ensure any part of the metal dock that becomes energized because of electrical malfunction will trip the circuit breaker. • Neighboring docks can also present a shock hazard. Ensure your neighbor’s dockside electrical system complies with the National Electrical Code and has been inspected. • All electrical installations should be performed by a professional electrical contractor familiar with marine codes and standards. • Have your boat’s electrical system checked at least once a year. Boats should also be checked when something is added to or removed from their systems. Learn more at SafeElectricity.org and www.abycinc.org.

SAFETY BRIEFS

Look up, stay alert during outdoor work, play s the weather begins warm up, kids and adults alike will soon head outside to perform winter clean-up and play. Before they do, remind them to look up and be alert for power lines and other electrical hazards, the best way to stay safe from electrocution—and even death. “Using proper procedures and safety measures is a matter of life and death,” explains Bob Cooper, NREA Job Training and Safety Coordinator. “We take safety seriously at home, too. Accidents happen, but if we educate ourselves and our children, we can keep them to a minimum.”

For kids • Never fly a kite on a rainy day or anywhere but an open space. A high point in the sky makes a kite a grounding point for lightning, and kites could easily become tangled in power lines. • Don’t climb trees that are near power lines and poles—evergreens can disguise dangers this time of year; leaves during the spring and summer. • Stay far away from power lines

lying on the ground. You can’t tell if electricity is still flowing through them. If there’s water nearby, don’t go in it. Water is the best conductor of electricity. • Obey signs that say “danger” and “keep out” around large electrical equipment, like substations. These signs aren’t warnings; they’re commands to keep you safe. • Never climb a power pole. For adults • If power lines run through your

trees, call your local rural electric utility—professional tree trimmers with proper protective equipment can trim branches safely. • Remember that power lines and other utilities run underground, too. Call 811 to have utility lines marked before you start digging. • Starting that winter cleanup yard work? Sweep dried leaves and debris from outdoor receptacles. • If they’re not already, consider upgrading your outdoor receptacles—or any outlets that could come in contact with water—to ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs). GFCIs immediately interrupt power flow when a plugged-in device comes in contact with water. Regardless, keep your outlets and cords dry and covered outside. • Use only weather-resistant, heavy-duty extension cords marked for outdoor use. • Don’t leave outdoor power tools unattended for curious children or animals to find. For more safety tips and information, visit SafeElectricity.org. Sources: Safe Electricity, Electrical Safety Foundation International

Rural Electric Nebraskan

Use extension cords safely in your home xtension cords seem like the practical, cost-effective solution when adding or rearranging appliances and electronics in your home. However, keep in mind that extension cords are not designed for permanent use and that it is important to choose a cord that meets your needs. If you go shopping for extension cords, you will find there are a variety of options available. It is important to choose an extension cord that is properly rated for the device(s) you will have plugged into it. According to Underwriters Laboratory (UL), if an appliance or power tool is drawing more current than an extension cord can carry, it may cause the cord and tool to overheat and create a fire. Check the packaging or the tag on the cord for its rating, and check the appliance or its use and care booklet for its power usage. • Check the condition of extension cords. Look for fraying or cracking along the entire length of the cord and for damage to the plug or sockets. Replace any damaged extension cords. • Make sure the extension cord that you are using has been certified by a recognized laboratory, such as Underwriters Laboratory, ETL, or CSA. • Do not overload extension cords with too many devices. • If any part of the extension cord becomes hot while in use, unplug it immediately and discard it. • Keep extension cords away from children, pets, and high-traffic areas. • Do not place extension cords under carpets, rugs, furniture, or other objects. • An extension cord should never be put in place as a long-term solution. A qualified electrician can help you install the necessary wiring and receptacle outlets for a permanent solution. For more information on electrical safety at home, visit SafeElectricity.org.

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Know the pros of radiant barriers by James Dulley

My air-conditioning costs were Q :high last summer and we still felt too warm at times. I see ads for radiant barriers that are supposed to save a lot. How does a radiant barrier work, will it save much and how much does it cost? Everyone has read A :advertisements or received sales calls about the huge energy savings from installing attic radiant barriers. The savings claimed are often the very maximum possible and are exaggerated for the typical retrofit installation. Having said this, proper installation in a specific house can yield a reasonable payback and better comfort. The savings from installing a radiant barrier in the attic vary considerably depending upon your climate and your specific house, orientation to the sun, etc. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory estimates the air-conditioning cost savings can range from about $150 annually for very hot climates to only $40 for cold climates. Attic radiant barriers provide little positive or negative effect during the heating seasons. If your electric utility offers time-of-use rates, the saving may be somewhat higher. It is important to understand the basics of heat transfer, i.e., how a house loses and gains heat, so you can evaluate whether your home is a good candidate for radiant barriers. The most important basic is that the rate at which heat flows from a hot area to a cold one is a function of the temperature difference between the two spaces. Conduction is heat flow through a solid object or several objects touching one another. This is how the handle on

an iron skillet gets hot on the stove. The walls and ceiling of a house also lose or gain heat this way because the building materials are all nailed together. Convection is where heat flows through a moving fluid or gas. This generally increases the rate of heat flow compared to plain conduction through a solid. An example is how your skin loses heat faster during winter in the wind. This causes the wind chill factor creating an effective lower temperature.

Radiation is heat flow directly from one object to another through a vacuum, air, glass, etc. It is not dependent on touching or fluid flow. This is how the sun heats the Earth or you feel warm sitting in front of a raging fire. What makes radiant energy unique is that it is much more affected by the temperature difference than the other types of heat flow. For conduction and convection, if the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors doubles, the heat flow also doubles. With radiation, the heat flow is 16 times greater when the temperature difference doubles. This is why radiant barriers are most often used in the attic to block

heat flow through the roof. On a hot summer afternoon, the temperature of a dark shingle roof can easily reach 150 degrees. This hot roof conducts heat to the roof sheathing. From there, conduction takes over the heat radiant and carries it down through the insulation, to your ceiling, and into your house. Radiant barriers require an air gap to prevent them from touching the hot surface; otherwise, they become a conductor like any other building material. Reinforced aluminum foil was typically used as the radiant barrier, but now many barriers use plastic films with reflective surfaces. In addition to reflectivity, emittance is a property of radiant barriers. It should be lower than 0.25 - 25 percent - in order to be an effective barrier. Aluminum foil is well below the 0.25 level. There also are reflective paints, such as Low/Mit (www.solec.org), which can be sprayed underneath the roof sheathing. Definitely check the emittance spec before signing any contract. To get a good payback from the energy savings, it makes sense to install the radiant barrier yourself. Companies, such as Innovative Insulation, Inc. (www.radiantbarrier.com) sell doublesided reflective foil for about $130 for a 4x250-foot roll. Invest in a hand construction stapler, a utility knife, and a long straight edge and you are ready to install it. The easiest method to install the radiant barrier is to cut it into lengths and staple it underneath the roof rafters. It is not important how neatly it is installed, but it is important to have adequate attic ventilation, preferably a combination of soffit and a ridge vent. When installing singlesided foil, face the reflective side down to take advantage of its low emittance. Send inquiries to James Dulley, Rural Electric Nebraskan, 6906 Royalgreen Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45244 or visit www.dulley.com.

Rural Electric Nebraskan

Knowing what is over your head could save your life o-it-yourself projects can be overwhelming, and you can sometimes find yourself in over your head. However, that is never an excuse for not knowing what is actually over your head, as in overhead electric wires. Knowing where power lines and other potential hazards are should be part of the planning process for any do-it-yourself project. Before starting a job, survey the area to find any power lines or other potential hazards. If you discover a possible hazard, take the proper steps to avoid it and make sure everyone involved in the project is aware of it. Other safety tips to keep in mind for do-it-yourself projects include: • Use caution when using long tools like ladders, pool skimmers, and pruning poles to keep them from getting near power lines. • Keep equipment and yourself at least 10 feet from power lines. • Never trim trees near power lines. Leave that to the professionals. • Never use water or blower extensions to clean gutters near electric lines. Contact a professional maintenance contractor. • If it is raining or the ground is wet, do not use electric power or yard tools. • Use only extension cords that are rated for outdoor use when working outside. Keep your work area tidy, and do not allow your power cords to tangle. • Use heavy-duty, three-prong extension cords for tools with threeprong plugs. Never remove or bend back the third prong on extension cords. It is a safety feature designed to reduce the risk of electrocution or shock. • Make sure outlets in garages and outdoors are Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) equipped outlets. If you do find yourself in over your head, don’t just wing it, especially when it comes to working with electricity. Call a licensed professional to help you finish the job. Source: SafeElectricity.org.

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RECIPES

Chicken Pasta Salad 3 cups bow tie (farfalle) pasta (12 oz pkg works) 1 (16 oz) bottle coleslaw dressing 1/2 cup mayonnaise 1/2 cup Miracle Whip 4 cups cubed cooked chicken 1 1/2 cup seedless green grapes, halved

1 1/2 cup seedless red grapes, halved 2 (5 oz) cans water chestnuts, drained and quartered 2 cups thinly sliced celery 1/2 cup thinly sliced green onions 2 cups cashew halves 2 cups dried cranberries

Bring a large pot of lightly salted water to a boil. Add pasta and cook for 8 to 10 minutes or until al dente; drain, and set aside. In a medium bowl, whisk together coleslaw dressing, mayonnaise and Miracle Whip. In a large bowl, combine pasta, chicken, green grapes, red grapes, water chestnuts, celery and green onions. Stir in dressing and mix well. Place the salad in the refrigerator to marinate for 2 hours or overnight. Mix in cashews and dried cranberries just before serving. Serve cold.

Terri Oltmans, Nelson, Nebraska Inside-Out Grilled Steak Salad 2 beef Strip Steaks Boneless, cut 1 inch thick (about 10 ounces each) 16 Boston or butter lettuce leaves (about 4 to 5-inch diameter) 2 cups thin assorted vegetable strips, such as cucumber, red onion, carrots, bell pepper, sugar snap peas 1/4 cup frozen shelled edamame, thawed or frozen peas or corn, thawed 1/4 cup reduced-fat or regular vinaigrette (any variety) 1/3 cup crumbled goat or blue cheese (optional) 1/3 cup toasted chopped almonds, walnuts, pecans or hazelnuts (optional) Rub: 2 teaspoons sweet paprika 2 cloves garlic, minced 1 teaspoon coarse grind or cracked black pepper Combine Rub ingredients; press evenly onto beef steaks. Grill, covered, 11 to 14 minutes (over medium heat on preheated gas grill 11 to 15 minutes) for medium rare (145°F) to medium (160°F) doneness, turning occasionally. Carve steaks into slices. Place lettuce leaves on serving platter. Evenly layer vegetables onto lettuce leaves. Top evenly with steak. Drizzle with vinaigrette; sprinkle with cheese and nuts, if desired.

Recipe provided by the Nebraska Beef Council 20

Rhubarb Chili Powder Coffee Cake Batter: 1/3 cup butter 1 cup sugar 1 egg 1 1/2 teaspoon vanilla 2 cups flour 3 teaspoons baking powder 1/2 teaspoon salt

1 cup half & half 1 cup strawberries 1 1/2 cups rhubarb Topping: 3/4 cup brown sugar 1/4 cup butter 1 tablespoon Chili powder

Cream butter & sugar; add vanilla & egg, beat well. In a separate bowl, combine flour, baking powder, & salt. Add to creamed mixture alternately with half and half. Pour into a 9 x 13 sprayed baking dish. Spoon in strawberries & rhubarb. To make the topping, combine ingredients & sprinkle on top of batter. Bake at 350 degrees for 45-55 minutes. Serves 6-8.

Lavon Mason, Grand Island, Nebraska

Snappy Potato Salad or Deviled Egg Dressing 6 eggs, beaten 1 cup sugar 1 cup vinegar 1 teaspoon dry mustard Cook until thickened, stirring constantly as it scorches quickly and cooks fast. Mix with equal amounts of store-bought mayonnaise or to taste.

Shirley Hendricks, Polk, Nebraska

Rural Electric Nebraskan

Look for Adult Pen Pals next month ue to a low number of submissions sent in by readers for use in the May issue of the Rural Electric Nebraskan, no Adult Pen Pals submissions will be printed this month. Submissions sent for use in the May issue will appear in the June 2014 issue of the magazine instead. It is the policy of the Rural Electric Nebraskan to run Adult Pen Pal submissions only when at least six letters have been received by the Nebraska Rural Electric Association office in a given month. The Rural Electric Nebraskan Adult Pen Pal Service is exclusively for member-readers ages 18 and over. Adult Pen Pal submissions can be sent to Rural Electric Nebraskan Adult Pen Pal Service, P.O. Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501.

To appear in print The Rural Electric Nebraskan Adult Pen Pal Service is exclusively for member-readers ages 18 and over. To be considered for use, submissions must: (1) Identify rural electric system providing magazine; (2) Include $6 to cover mail forwarding costs; (3) Be 25 words or fewer; (4) Include full name and mailing address (will not be used in magazine); and (5) Be first person, submitted directly by person to receive responses. Acceptance, editing and issue scheduling is at editor’s discretion. Address all submissions to Rural Electric Nebraskan Adult Pen Pal Service, P.O. Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501. All responses received by the Adult Pen Pal Service are routed directly, postage paid, to the response number assigned to each submission. To write To respond to one of the adult pen pal requests, write letter, place in envelope, seal and affix first class postage. Address to full, correct response #, c/o Rural Electric Nebraskan Adult Pen Pal Service, P.O. Box 82048, Lincoln, NE 68501. Your letter will be forwarded unopened. Do not send money or additional postage; forwarding is prepaid. Enclose your full mailing address for return correspondence. Once again . . . it is very important that all responses carry the full response number—both month and number—to be properly forwarded. Abbreviation Code C — Christian; C/W — Country-western; D — Divorced; F — Female; M — Male; NS — Non-Smoker; ND — Non-Drinker; R&R — Rock and roll; S — Single; W — White; Wid — Widowed

May 2014

Dispelling myths of how energy is used lectric utility companies hear quite a few well meaning, but often incorrect, energy-related “beliefs” which reveal a basic misunderstanding regarding energy use and savings. While some may seem logical, the majority yield little, if any, energy savings and often end up costing customers additional time, effort and money. Here is a quick list of a few common erroneous energy “untruisms”: Ceiling fans keep rooms cooler when you are not there. Fans do not chill air. They merely circulate it producing greater comfort for occupants. That takes energy. If no one is there, what is the point? Turn your ceiling fans off when you leave a room. Buying an efficient air conditioner or furnace will automatically reduce your utility bill. This is true to some extent, but you will not realize all the possible savings if the equipment is not sized or installed properly. Studies have shown that typical air conditioner and duct systems are improperly installed and waste up to one third energy used for space conditioning. Duct tape is good for sealing ducts. Duct tape has very low durability when used to seal ducts. Tape may fall off due to poor surface preparation, because ducts are often installed in dirty and dusty locations. As it ages, the tape’s adhesive dries

out and no longer seals, sometimes within a few months. Use mastic or aluminum foil tape instead. A few air leaks and drafts do not cost much in energy dollars. Air infiltration can account for 30 percent or more of a home’s heating and cooling costs. Seal around windows, doors, skylights, electrical outlets, walls, floors and the roof. In fact, caulking around leaky windows is often the quickest, easiest, and least expensive way to achieve energy savings in your home Source: Nebraska Public Power District

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Talk Show Doctor Reveals Digestion Remedy That Works Instantly!

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ecently, alternative medicine expert Dr. Bryce Wylde, a frequent guest on the Dr. Oz show, revealed a simple secret that amazed millions who suffer with digestion nightmares. People haven’t stopped talking about it since.

“I’d give anything to make it stop!” That’s people will say That’swhat whatmost most people willabout say their problems. problems. “It’s just horriaboutdigestive their digestive “It’s ble,” says Ralph Burns, former adigestion just horrible says Ralpha Burns, former victim. “I victim. was tortured for yearsforbyyears my digestion I was tortured Acid-Reflux. Sometimes I’d almost pass by my Acid-Reflux. Sometimes I’d almost out the pain. My wife suffers with passfrom out from the pain. My wife suffers digestion problems too. Iftoo. sheIf eats one with digestion problems she eats wrong thing,thing, she spends hourshours stuck in the one wrong she spends stuck bathroom dealing with severe of in the bathroom dealing withbouts severe constipation or diarrhea.” bouts of constipation or diarrhea.” FDA Warns About Popular Antacids A recent FDA warning explained that excessive use of antacids could lead to an increased risk of hip, wrist, and spine fractures. Especially in people over the age of 50. So when alternative medicine expert Dr. Bryce Wylde discussed an alternative on National TV, you can imagine how thrilled people were to find out they could finally get relief without having to rely on Prevecid®, Nexium®, Prilosec® and other dangerous antacids. But now, according to Dr. Wylde, your stomach problems could be over by simply drinking a small amount of a tasty Aloe Vera extract. Finally There’s Hope... This delicious “digestion cocktail” is doing amazing things for people who suffer with stomach problems --- even if they’ve had them for years. Here’s how it works… Stop Stomach Agony Your stomach naturally produces acid so strong, it can dissolve an aluminum spoon in just 30 minutes! And when excess acid

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