REP2. RENFEI XU STAGE2

Representation II Renfei xu a1738937 2019

Forest of light

Architecture is the learned game correct and magnificent of forms assembled in the light -Le Corbusier

Place 1

Idea 7

Photographic study 3D views Scale study Site analysis

metaphor/Idea 1 Precedent study Idea 2 Idea 3

Case study: Luminosity

Case study: reflection

Form 15 plan and section access structure movement interior Case study: opacity

Material 23 exterior materials visual experience Case study: opacity

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Place Study

Site analysis

Place Study

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13690

Library 23665

25500

18300

58200

21050

South elevation 61240

13120

68360

25250

North elevation

Site analysis

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Place Study

Sun analysis

Summer 9am

Winter 9am

Site analysis

Summer 12pm

Winter 12pm

Summer 3pm

Winter 3pm

Place Study

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Site analysis

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Place Study

Site Plan

key 1.Barr Smith Library 2.The Braggs 3.Molecular life 4.sciences 5.Ingkarri Wardi 6.Engineering and 7.Maths.Sciences 8.Santos Building

The central lawn areas are occupied by students activities.

The main access to the site is across the front of Barr Smith library and two side roads.

Site analysis

Place Study

The Lawns are almost entirely illuminated throughout all years.And the site has more shadows in winter than summer

The green dash lines represents the flow assemble in the site.People like to assemble in front of the library.

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People like to assemble in front of the library.

Site analysis

7 case study

Linguistic defintion

Philosophical definition

Luminosity, the intrinsic brightness of a celestial object. Generally, It is defined as the lightness, brightness quality or quantity that an object displays via reflection or emission. It is derived from the Latin word lumen or French word Luminosite. It means an absolute measure of radiated electromagnetic power (light), the radiant power emitted by a light-emitting object.

Luminosity has the philosophical meaning beyond linguistic definitions. It refers to illumination. It is also a key Buddhist concept found throughout the major traditions of Buddhism.

In the context of Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, the term is commonly translated as clear light or radiant light. Similarly, in western philosophical world. light was considered to be spiritual and the divine,it is illumination and intelligence. Light is the symbol of good, which stands for the knowledge, purity and morality. However ,the world luminosity was perceived as a shift in intellectual philosophy,which would be found in the age of enlightenment seen in Europe in the early of 18th century.

Fluid Luminosity: The Architectural Lighting of Zaha Hadid In the history of architecture, the perception of light is considered as an important factor. In many public project, luminosity are well used to improve the atmosphere of architecture.

Zaha Hadid’s projects are well renowned for her imagination regarding the medium of light. Also, she is good at using light to render her architecture. Through her maturing as architecture, zaha had three stage in her careers. The three-decade transition from minimal light lines at her early Vitra Fire Station to the world’s tallest atrium at the Leeza SOHO

Case study : illumination

case study

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scraper.In architecture terms, “Light closes the gap between architecture and our perception. We sense forms and materials with our eyes not directly but through the reflected light.”

The Vitra Fire station,completed in 1993,show cased Hadid’s use of artificial lights both reinforced the sharp linear language and softens the masculine forms with diffuse lamination of facade.Light lines in the ceiling, or between wall and ground or between the wall and the flying roof give us a feeling of her suprematist paintings.The design of the light intensify the linear pattern language.From 1993 to 2001,Hadid explored the use of diffuse illumination of artificial and nature light .And this skill become a part of her design process.

The Nordpark Railway Station, completed in 2007 initiated a new period of light and fluidity in Hadid’s oeuvre.

Here, light is not absorbed by concrete but is instead reflected by glass. This is a mark that Hadid Introducing Shining Landscape Reflections.And what’s more, she explored how to incorporate fluid forms and luminosity to render her project in next stage.The atmosphere shown in her first project in China,Guangzhou Opera House,is special in using a multitude of pixels located on the ceilings.

Overall, what continuous in her career is that she breaks the volume with fragmentation,with the help of form and illumination.In her architecture languages,defragment is very important. And illumination plays the important role to accomplish her aim. To achieve a high level, the use of illumination is also changed during her career.Her exploration of artificial light to nature light makes her form touched more people.Above all,her use of illumination to render a building is very remarkable in contemporary architecture.

Case study one: illumination

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Idea

Seeking light is embracing nature

branches

disable access

leaves shadows

Concept A-forest of light

“Space is oblivion without light. A building speaks through the silence of perception orchestrated by light,” wrote Holl in 2006 at the start of his book .‘Luminosity/Porosity’

Roof

Idea

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Light gives energy to the buildings. Similarly, nature is important to both human and architecture.

When the sun passes through the forests. it produces a variety of lightspots. Similarly, when light passes through this pavilion, it also produces a different shape of light. These lights are related to the type of room

Concept A-forest of light

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Idea

Seeking light is embracing nature

This design is inspired by the floating waters.

When visitors walk through the pavilion, they could feeling like wandering under the brook.

And when the lights penetrates the water o the glass roof, it creates beautiful waves of lights.

The generation of form is also from the waves, the form is created by the tracing of water waves.

Concept B-waves of light

Idea

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Seeking light is embracing nature

The third design is generated from the form of mountains. When visitors walk through this pavilions, they will have a feeling of being in a valley. The main shape of this design is the pyramid. However, it has various height and width.Through the change of size and height, it creates a feeling of traveling in Mountains.Parts of pyramids are transparent, some are solids.When sunlight shine in the pavilion, it rendering a translucent atmosphere.

Concept C-mountains

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Case study

Philosophical definition

Linguistic defintion Reflection can be defined as the bound of heat,sound or light off an object without absorption.Literally,it is a “bending back ” or a “reflection”.

Perceivable light reflecting off a surface often results in a mirrored image.

Case study two: Reflection

Reflection is also a notion of human thought.In philosophy,It means self-reflection, to look back oneself thought,behaviour and decisions.It is an important philosophy topic, which is a common theme in meditation to find yourself and understanding of one’s self and past events. In inorganic nature, reflection is the process

Case study

of things reproducing, under the influence of other things, traces or imprints of the things exercising that influence.It is an active process.The concept of reflection, as the correspondence of mental images with the material world which is the source of those images, is the basis of the materialist approach to cognition.

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Veiled in Brilliance: How Reflective Facades Have Changed Modern Architecture Reflection is linked to the usage of materials. With the development of industry, the glass facade has been popular in the modern architecture for a century. And in the post-modern architecture, many skins are made by glass,which use its quality of reflection.

In architecture, reflection is used to render a facade or interior. Mies van der Rohe is famous for using glass facade in skyscraper .The popularity of glass also brings some problems.

The reflection of glass always burn the street too much. Thanks for the development of techniques,many architects developed their skins by small or irregular pieces of glass.Accompanied by the belief that light and brilliance could help in creating iconic architecture and a better human world, glass and metal have been innovatively transformed to create crystalline images. As a result, the locus of meaning in architecture has shifted from the internal space-form towards the external surface.

In more recent years, greater experimentation with external form play has occurred. Herzog & de Meuron are the masters to manipulate skins in their architectures. the glass facade at the Elbphilharmonie refers to the visionary glass culture of Scheerbart.Also,in another project, Prada Epicenter in Tokyo,is a previous example of transforming the mirror effects of modernist glass skyscrapers.This facade create a great distortion and reflection of the surrounding city ,water and sky.

Frank Gehry is another pioneer to experiment with reflective materials.In his famous Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao,the facade of building is covered by titanium which allows the soft reflection of light to extenuate the dynamic form of building.

Frank Gehry has not only brought a dynamic composition of

forms to Bilbao but reinforced his design with a distinctive, dynamic image which varies with every cloud and sunbeam.

What’s more, Paul Andreu covered the monumental dome of the National Grand Theatre of China with a shiny titanium skin and heightened the effect with a surrounding reflecting pool to stand out against the nearby ancient red walls of the Forbidden City. The National Grand Theatre of China looks like a giant ufo floating on the water, which has beautiful sun reflection during the whole day.

Above all, reflection could bring a dynamical feeling to the buildings. Also, it could beautify the facade of building which in context to the street and city.The idea of how to react and embrace of surrounding architecture is an important topic in reflection study.

Case study two: Reflection

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Form

Forest of Light To visit the pavilion is to embrace nature. When walking in the forest, it makes us realized the fantasy of nature.There are thousands of trees in the forest which weave a giant canopy. Inspired by the form of trees, I designed this pavilion. When standing under this pavilion, we will feel like being a rain forest of light.And the circulation of this pavilion is similar as the trees: disable access is its trunk and different units are leaves.

Final design

Form

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Plan and section

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Form

1. 2 Seminar rooms 2. An exhibition /presentation space 3. Storage space 4. Reception area 5. Reading/relaxing space 6. Small library 7. M&F toilets 8. Underground disable access 9. Ground disable access 10. Disable toilet 11. roof structure

Composition

Form

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Steel mero structural dome Laminated glass

Ground Concrete toilet Underground Concrete structure

Ground level

Underground level

Above and below

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Exterior

Form

Form

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Taking visitors on a slow ramp into underground, it starts a journey to embracing nature.The main ramps is similar as the trunk of trees. And the the main ramp extends to many branches which connects to different rooms.The rooms are arranged into two sides of the underground ramps,which is similar as the big cluster of leaves.And then I used a unique roof cover the room which cast the “leaves of light�. The roof are combined by hundreds of leaves shape structure, which could create a feeling of waling under the forest. Also, the leaves shape structure are covered by colorful glass.When visitors use this site ,it can evoke their feeling about forest and nature.

Exterior

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Idea Generation

Linguistic defintion

Philosophical definition

Opacity can be defined as the quality of state or degree that an object is opaque.It is related to the ray of lights,the relative capacity of matter to obstruct the transmission of radiant energy.Also, the meaning of opacity in the context of light has a close relationship with the materials.

If an object is opaque you cannot see through it clearly.

In a philosophical world, opacity stands for peaceful and clarity.It is viewed as a blur situation. For examples, someone who wants to hide or doesn’t want others know the truth,they could be considered as opaque.If you refer to something’s opacity,you mean that it is difficult to understand.Therefore,the word opacity is generally used for describing something obscure, unclear, or incomprehensible.Above all, light is a metaphor for truth and knowledge, and transparency stands for the discover, while opacity makes this truth to be concealed.

Case study: opacity

Idea Generation

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Light Matters: Whiteness in Nordic Countries Scandinavian countries have developed a style of light which could fix the problem bring by their geometric locations.It can make use of both the lack of light in winter and brightness in summer.

This can give a sense of lightness to the space.

Opacity refers to the solidness or the ability of a structure to block light.In Nordic architecture,lights are looked as an important material to express their sense of space in architecture.

from materials to specific glass functions and the built-in volume of the image that changes during the day and season. Some churches draw attention throughout the morning service with characteristic light patterns, some welcoming the sun at the end of midnight services, while others suggest that only soft light can enhance meditation.

Above all,this extensive use of white throughout the interior of a building is very prominent in many religious buildings.White can coveys an atmosphere of sacred space and heaven.

Meanwhile, this style of light need to calculated very accurately.Architects need to calculate sun position and direction to maximize its affect.

Nordic architects are very skillful to apply light in a purity space.In the 1930s, Alvar Aalto introduce the concept of white diffusion.However, the power of pure white volumes is not the only characteristic of the Nordic built environment. The pulse of nature with vibrating patterns of light or the transiency of dramatic light and shadow belong to the distinctive Nordic light approach as well.

As well, Steven holl, an architect who believes the parallax,bring a feeling of white with the help of light and his volume.Holl likes investigating the deeper meaning behind the space,and how the lights could affect human experience and soul.

The feeling of white always remind people the feeling of church.The use of white in religious buildings was expressed in a variety of materials and textures.Religious architecture in particular reveals concepts of time. The concepts range

Case study : opacity

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Mobility1

Material

Material

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Mobility2

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Interior

Material

Material

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Interior

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Interior

Material

Material

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Interior

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Material

Roof system Mero joint system steel structure Glass roof

Mero joint

Construction Details

Material

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Glass roof

Construction Details

31 Case study

Linguistic defintion Filtration is the process of filtering a substance.In other words,it is a situation that objects are passed through a device to remove all things that is unwanted.This process of filtering often applies to liquid,light and gases.It is derived from the french word filtration circa 1600.Above all, filtration indicates a movement that initiates purification.

Philosophical definition In a philosophical setting, filtration is usually described as the way you perceive something.

The action of purification requires an object to pass through a filter or undergo a process of filtration.When you decide to remove a perception filter means to view something differently or in a new way.Filtration is a more efficient method for the separation of mixtures than decantation, but is much more time consuming. If very small amounts of solution are involved, most of the solution may be soaked up by the filter medium. In our world,the production of filtration is something purity.

In my understanding, filtration can stimulate and provoke purity of one’s mind and soul.

Case study: Filtration

Case study

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Light Matters: Le Corbusier and the Trinity of Light Le Corbusier played masterfully with orientation, openings and textures to create kinetic architecture with daylight.is The Ronchamp chapel, the monastery of Sainte Marie de La Tourette, and the parish church of Saint-Pierre in Firminy are all reveal an element of light filtration.All these three buildings render contemplative spaces with light.

windows and angle of the roof towards the sun.In detail, The patio at the top represents the sun, and the plexiglas in the Orion nebula are the most impressive of the countless round holes. Cobb used up all the methods of light in this building. The echo of the church, the air, the light, the most distinctive feature of all these bands of light.

Due to Le corbusier ‘s travelling experience in Rome, he learned from thee glow of the Romanesque apse, the golden shimmer of Byzantine mosaics and the luminous walls of Gothic stained glass. All these ancient buildings inspired him a lot in his careers.

Le Corbusier expressed an exceptional sensitivity for the interaction of colours and light in his sacred buildings. What he want to show in those space is a desire to open the soul to poetic realms.

Above all, Le corbusier use the sunlight to give volume a life.The dynamic light brings a vivid feelings to his building. Light divides day from night, heaven from earth. His use of light bound his architecture to religion very closely.

Light is the language of conversation between man and god.

In the Ronchamp chapel, the light through the openings follows the continuous circle of solar events.According to Henry Plummer, it is a method to concentrate the nature universe.Corbusier captured light through use of strategically placing windows and opening to direct sunlight into the interior at different times of day.The atmosphere created by him always changed variously during the day which bring an amazing feeling of light.

Church at Firminy was the last project of Le Corbusier. In this church, he uses the spirituality of geometry to create the overall form; a square base that projects upwards to a circle depicts the metamorphosis and transition from earthly to spiritual realm.

And the cosmological basis is revealed in the constellation

Case study : Filtration

Rep iI-2019