Garcia Color Theory

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Color Theory

Reynaldo Garcia

WHO ARE YOU ?

My name is Reynaldo Garcia this is currently my last class at FIU. My major is Architecture and by the end of summer I will have a Masters Degree. I was born in Miami, FL my family is originally from Cuba. I speak both English & Spanish. My hobbies include working on my car, painting, drawing, & photography. I have been fortunate to have traveled to: N.Y.C., Spain, San Francisco, Savannah, & Canada.

RESEARCH + COLOR

Upon reading the article I did have a somewhat pre conceived notion of what the effects of color might have on the subjects in the experiment. Mostly based on their emotional reactions but was surprised to find how it as well affected the physiological aspect of the human body. The experiment on colors was based on three colors blue, red, and yellow. For blue the people in the experiment were found to have a relaxed state of being with minimal physical movement and interaction keeping to small groups and talking, utilizing the perimeter of the room rather than the whole or the center. I believe because the room was blue giving a relaxed aura the subjects felt inclined to be up against the walls requiring less effort to be aware of their surroundings and found comfort by the feeling of safety that the walls provided. The results also showed that people tended to linger longer in the blue rooms, but did not enter as often as red and yellow. Yellow on the other hand was entered more often by people but was the room with the least amount of consistent occupancy. In the red room many of the subjects reported feeling hungrier than in the other rooms but the results proved that it was the yellow rom that people ate the most in.

The red room along with the yellow also had a higher value for interactions with people using the center of the room more often and interacting at higher rates. Although yellow was slightly higher than red for interactions. Some behavioral reactions and emotions such as anger and happiness did not provide a definite answer to the question. Mostly due to the fact that when the results were compiled, social interactions between others skewed some results, revealing that color did not change heart rates as often as the experimenters thought. Leading them to believe that social interactions had a much larger role than anticipated. The information provided in the experiments was informative but I felt liked more controls should have been implemented. For instance was the color of clothing taken into account on the subjects did that affect entrance to rooms or how people chose to create groups. Was there the same ratio of male to female and what colors did they choose to wear. Finally was there color bias amongst the group by taking a survey of which color they preferred before they entered any room. Works Cited Caan, Shashi. Contractmagazine.com. December 2007. July 2015 <https://fiu.blackboard.com/bbcswebdav/pid-3636685-dt-content-rid35722856_1/courses/1155-IND5325VBB115552622/Module%202/Spatial%20Color%20-%20Shashi%20Cann.pdf>.

THEORY + COLOR

COLOR THEORY THE STUDY AND PRACTICE OF A SET OF PRINCIPLES USED TO UNDERSTAND THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG COLORS.

http://chandra.harvard.edu/graphics/resources/illu strations/xlightSpectrum-72.gif https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog486/sites/www.eeducation.psu.edu.geog486/files/image/L01_fig30.gif

Eye & Color Color is a complex process resulting from light entering the eye where two types of light-sensitive never cells – Cones (daylight/ color receptors) and Rods(dim light/ value receptors) within the retina transmit nerve impulses to the brain.

Properties of light: Reflection, Diffraction, Refraction Value: Refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. Chroma: Refers to the purity of a color. Change Color 3 Ways: Tint: Adding white to a color Shade: Adding black to a color. Pure: Void of any white, black, and gray.

DESIGNERS + COLOR

POMPIDOU CENTER A BUILDING IN WHICH ARCHITECTS RENZO PIANO AND RICHARD ROGERS CREATED, WHERE THE USE OF COLOR REPRESENTED THE DIFFERENT USES OF THE BUILDING.

France

Paris,

Centre

Pompidou

ARCHITECTS

RENZO PIANO born September 14, 1937, Genoa, Italy

Current Practice: Renzo Piano Building Workshop

Renzo Piano is an Italian architect who studied at the Polytechnic in Milan, 1964. He holds a degree both in architecture and engineering, winning many prizes and awards in architecture throughout his career. Throughout his career Piano has worked along side many architects: Louis Kahn in Philadelphia and with Z.S. Makowsky in London, 1965 to 1970 Richard Rogers, joint practice Piano & Rogers 1971 to 1977 Peter Rice, joint practice L’Atelier Piano and Rice 1977 to 1981. Awards: Pritzker Architecture Prize RIBA Gold Medal Sonning Prize AIA Gold Medal Kyoto Prize

Buildings: California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco, 2008 Art Institute of Chicago, 2009 The New York Times Building, 2007

RICHARD ROGERS born July 23, 1933, Florence, Italy

Richard Rogers is an Italian born British architect who studied at the Architectural Association School of Ar- chitecture in London, before graduating with a master’s degree from the Yale School of Architecture in 1962. Like Renzo Piano, Rogers holds many awards for his contributions to architecture . He as well has serverd as an architectural / urban plannig advisor to the mayor of London and Barcelona. Rogers has worked along other well known architects as well. Team 4 ( Himself, Norman Foster, Su Brumwell, Wendy Cheeseman), 1963-1967 Richard Rogers, joint practice Piano & Rogers 1971 to 1977

Current Practice: Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners

Awards: RIBA Gold Medal (1985) Thomas Jefferson Medal (1999) Praemium Imperiale (2000) Stirling Prize (2006), (2009) Minerva Medal (2007) Pritzker Prize (2007) HonFREng (2005)

Buildings: Lloyd’s building (Grade I) Millennium Dome European Court of Hu- man Rights Madrid-Barajas Airport terminal 4

Project The Pompiduo Centre was named after the French president who held the compe- tition for the cultural center of paris. Rogers and Piano won the competition and opened on January 31, 1977. The building houses numereous amounts of programs which include concerts, permanent and nonpermanent art galleries , conference halls, music hall. “In addition there is a large public library, a centre for industrial design, a film museum, and an important musical centre associated with the French conductor and composer Pierre Boulez, known as the Centre for Musical and Acous- tical Research (Ircam). The music centre comprises rehearsal rooms, studios, and a concert hall and presents concerts devoted primarily to modern music.� (Encyclope- dia Britanica)

“The different systems on the exterior of the building are painted different colors to distinguish their different roles. The structure and largest ventila- tion components were painted white, stairs and elevator structures were painted a silver gray, ventilation was painted blue, plumbing and fire control piping painted green, the electrical elements are yellow and orange, and the elevator motor rooms and shafts, or the elements that allow for movement throughout the building, are painted red. One of the “movement” elements that the center is most known for is the escalator (painted red on the bot- tom) on the west facade, a tube that zigzags up to the top of the building providing visitors with an astonishing view of the city of Paris.” (by Adelyn Perez ArchDaily)

Color

White Structural / Large Ventilation Painted: White

Silver Stairs/ Elevator Structures Painted: Silver

Blue Ventilation/ AC Painted: Blue

Green Plumbing / Fire Painted: Green

Color

Yellow Electrical Painted: Yellow & Orange

Orange

Electrical Painted: Yellow & Orange

Red Elements of Movement Painted: Red

Conclusion The architects use of color throughout the building shows that the colors chosen were not given only beacuase of programed fuction but as well as a way to distinguish direction, movement, and zones. For example red is painted on the surfaces and objects used for movemnet throughout the building.

In choosing white for the building I believe the architects were purposely showing how the building is void of anything else but its functioning ma- chinery (A/C, Stairs, Elevators etc...) further showing off the quality of the building which is to have a clean open building with large floor plates void of any machinery. A concept that seems very similar to that of Louis Khan’s serve and servant spaces, which may have come through Renzo Piano who once worked with Khan.

References Glancey, Jonathan. BBC. OCT. 2014. July 2105 <http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20130819-pompi- dou-centreparisian-radical>. Perez, Adelyn. Arch Daily. n.d. July 2015 <http://www.archdaily.com/64028/ad-classics-centre-georg- es-pompidourenzo-piano-richard-rogers>.

Zukowsky, John. n.d. July 2015 <http://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-Rogers>. —. Encyclopedia Britanica. n.d. July 2015 <http://www.britannica.com/biography/Renzo-Piano>.

FILM + COLORS

AMELIE A MOVIE WHERE THE SCENES WERE COLORED WITH DIFFERENT HUES CREATING UNIQUE, SPECIFIC, AND COLORFUL MOMENTS.

Amelie

Garcia

Color + Environment _ FILM ANALYSIS_M.5

The film Amelie takes place in Paris where a young girl Amelie goes through a childhood trauma when her mother suddenly dies. Even though she tries to bring happiness in other peoples “messy “ lives , Amelie herself has a hard time learning how to express herself and how to love. Throughout the film she helps others by intervening in their personal affairs because she perceives it to be a small act of happiness and kindness. By doing these small acts I believe Amelie starts to learn, grow, and understand what living and loving is about. Amelie soon finds someone named Nino who catches her attention but she is too timid to do anything about it. After many failed attempts she learns to take a leap of faith and courage and is united with the man she loves. Yellow: Yellow the most common and reoccurring color of the movie’s scenes depicts the aura throughout the movie in using a yellow filter in the backgrounds representing happiness, cheerfulness, optimism, self-esteem. Red: Red in the movie represents the love, excitement, passion, and courage. Amelie specifically throughout most of the movie wears hints of red. The background and foreground of the movies scenes have many red accents from wall colors and objects to peoples clothing. Green: Throughout the film Amelie finds herself learning new lessons; one scene would be when her fish is released into the stream the aura in that scene was green. Depicting growth, youthfulness, peace, and renewal.

Arrow Scene Throughout the movie many hues of yellow were used to depict the scenes throughout Paris, in this scene the yellow is much more dark. Because the moment for Amelie is more about being subtle and hidden yet happy because of her love for Nino.

Yellow: Happiness, Cheerfulness, Optimism, Self-esteem. Red another of the reoccurring colors in the movie is also used in a subtle tone again because of the way Amelie is expressing her love in a secretive way at an arms distance when she returns Nino’s book.

Red: Love, Excitement, Passion, Courage Blue was a color that was used in very specific scenes or hidden in the background. Very few times was it a foreground, in this scene it was used in the foreground as well background to set the mood where Nino’s sad to not have met her. We as the audience can feel that bit of gloom that Amelie must be feeling for not being courageous enough through the use of blue. Blue: Gloominess, introversion, isolation

BALANCE + COLOR

COLOR BALANCE Refers to the relationship of different hues to one another when each is perceived to be equal in perceived visual weight.

Contrast: Is the opposition in order to show or emphasize differences between two objects. Symmetry: The arrangement of elements on either side of an implied axis that are equally balanced and of the same shape and from. Asymmetry: Results when elements on either side of an implied axis are equal in color but differs in shape and size.

Vertical Color

Horizontal Color

RHYTHM + COLOR

RHYTHM COLOR Is the natural evolutionary trait in nature that can be transferred to interior spaces and can be further emphasized with color. Alternating hues, values, contrast of saturation.

Types of Rhythm: Repetition, alternation, progression, continuation, and radiation. Repetition: The symmetric orderly succession of identical design elements (shape, line, color, form) along a defined path in space. Alternation: Occurs when two design elements are repeated in sequence but the pattern includes two distinctly different elements as opposed to one element repeating. Progression: Involves the repetition of similar elements with a continuous change (large to small, narrow to wide, light to dark). Color continuation refers to the placement of one or more colors throughout an interior to create a continuous movement of the eye through the space.

RETAIL + COLOR

Contrast :Hue The contrast in hue at the John Varvatos store on Lincoln Road is between black and red. The theme is carried throughout the store in its merchandize and dÊcor. The store’s colors as well differ in their brightness and dullness .

Red Painted Brick

Black Painted Brick & Stucco

Main Entrance View

Contrast :Value The contrast in value is depicted throughout the store in their use of dĂŠcor as well as merchandise. The scarves on the wall are organized along different values of the same hue. The differences in value are also observed on the red wall and the accessories in front of it such as the amplifier.

Contrast : Design Feature The design features throughout the store carry a rock influenced theme. The photographs on the wall are framed in sharp geometric shape of squares and rectangles ,against the uneven brick edges that seem to be worn and have a distinct masonry pattern. The mirror on the roof is another key design contrast in the store . Where the image of the store is mirrored perfectly on the ceiling contrasting the reality happening vs its reflection through a slightly worn looking mirror distorting the hues and values. The wall behind the register has a contrast of frames and guitars against the brick, but using different hues of black which seem to blend more with the brick.

Contrast : Texture The John Varvatos store is full of textures, the floor is wood but with variations of worn marks, scratches, and fading. With carpets that give the space a texture to texture contrast. The walls at the store have a smooth to rough texture with smooth stucco contrasting the rough brick. The store’s displays feature hard to soft textures like the soft warm carpet against the hard cold aged copper of the hand made table.

Focal Point The focal point of the John Varvatos store is the chandelier that hangs in the center of the store. What sets this as the focal point is that the it is an anomaly. At first glance it may look like one giant chandelier but upon closer inspection it is comprised of dozens of smaller chandeliers grouped together. The chandelier as well is painted black where usually it is used for its reflective crystals. Along with the mirror on the roof its easy to see how this chandelier makes a beautiful focal point in the store.

P/S & U/H + COLOR

Proportion: Is defined as the size relationships between elements (parts) and the visual composition or space (whole). Scale: Refers to the size of a shape in relation to a given known, in most cases, the human body and its position within space. The proportion of color in a space will be relative to other design elements and should be scaled to fit interior spaces on a situation by situation basis. Whereas proportion is concerned with the relationships of various parts arranged to create an aesthetically pleasing whole, scale is concerned with the relative size of space. Color can be used to change our visual perception of a space’s actual size.

Unity: Is defined as the repetition of color to achieve a unified whole. Harmony: Is the result of a perfect balance between individual color relationships. If the color combinations result in a pleasing whole where no one color stands out, then one has achieved a color harmony.

HOSPITALITY + COLOR

VARIETY is a principle of design that is concerned with the combination of one or more color elements that use line, shape, texture, and/or pattern to create diversity and contrast in an interior space.

COLOR + VARIETY Commercial Design Analysis

SLS Hotel Philippe Stark Miami Beach, FL

OVERVIEW IMAGE

Garcia

HOSPITALITY

Garcia

HOSPITALITY

Discussion

Details Outdoor Area/ Bar

The SLS Hotel’s outdoor area has a neutral/ natural color palette. With a variety of contrast using primary and secondary colors varying in shades and tints to give it contrast and in doing so defining different zones or particular parts of the project. Lines were used throughout the space in the carpets and textiles as well as the alternating planks of the wood floor. The shapes were used in the different heights of cabanas, chairs, and rounded benches. Multiple textures at the SLS made for a special experience, wood, tile, metal, and nature were all pulled together to create a sense of place. The patterns on the floors are one of the key focal points of the outdoor space by keeping the furniture simple with varying colors it further emphasized the floor’s color which makes its way to the indoor bar tying both spaces together. The space gave a relaxed beach scene but with hints of intricate floor patterns that mimic some Spanish/ Moorish architectural themes.

shape

line

LINE Outdoor Furniture Lounge Area

pattern

texture

TEXTURE Bar Entrance / Outdoor Bar Area

Garcia

SHAPE Outdoor Furniture Lounge Area

Pattern Outdoor/Indoor Flooring Tile

COLOR + VARIETY _ HOSPITALITY

Garcia

HOSPITALITY

Discussion

Details Outdoor Restaurant Area

The outdoor restaurant area of the SLS Hotel featured black and white contrasting patterns on the floor with a yellow pastel roof. The space uses different forms of wicker furniture along with the solid cold lines of metal tables. creating a soft yet sharp design. The lines used on the floors patterns are corresponding with the chairs back patterns. The space had mostly rectilinear shapes with a organic wood chair shape becoming a key focal point of the lounge area. The restaurant had an array of textures from its wood floors, wicker furniture, cloth benches/ seats, wood columns, and ceramic pots. The colors from the restaurant are used on the wall with small ceramic pots that are placed in a staggered pattern, which create a entrance to the next outdoor lounge/ pool area.

The restaurant gives an earthy beach feel which seems to be a recurring theme throughout the hotel.

shape

line

LINE Outdoor Restaurant Area

pattern

texture

TEXTURE Staircase Dividing Restaurant Areas

Garcia

SHAPE Outdoor Restaurant Lounge Area

PATTERN Entrance Wall to Adjacent Area

COLOR + VARIETY _ HOSPITALITY

CULTURE + COLOR

C U B A

CUBA Cuba is a the largest island in the Caribbean. It was settled by early colonials and later won their independence in 1898. Shortly after the country fell into communist rule in 1959.

The Cuban flag consists of five blue and white alternating stripes, and a red equilateral triangle with one white star in the triangle adopted into use in May 20, 1902. Blue Stripes: Refer to the three old divisions of the island, White Stripes: Represents the strength of the independents ideal. Red Triangle: stands for equality, fraternity and freedom as well as for the blood Star: symbolizes the absolute freedom among the peoples

PAKISTAN

PAKISTAN Pakistan gained it independence from India in 1947. The green color in the Pakistan flag represents life and Islam. The crescent symbolizes progress and the star represents light and knowledge. With the larger green portion representing Muslims and with the white section representing the minorities. Weddings in Pakistan are an important event with the women wearing traditional red. Men in Pakistan cultural normally dislike purple but usually wear white while the women are the ones who usually wear black.

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