C R AW F O R D P A R T N E R S H I P
Arbutus St MICROFLATS
ARCHITECTS & INTERIOR DESIGNERS
WAN Future Project Award 2016 Submission
&R
ise
sA
bo
ve
on
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ati
Backland and infill sites becomes more important and valuable. Their development becomes a necessity
en
up
ip
Wa
Cost & Scarcity of Land
r cto Se at e riv
rsh
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ne
Average Income £30,000 Income For 2-Bed Flat £140,000
This is an issue across the UK, but nowhere more deeply felt than London. Governmental and social forces have made no impact on this systemic crisis.
ity
ge
s LONDON
Post Permission Residential Land Value City of London Per Hectare
TheGuardian
“Affordable” defined as up to 80% of market value
300,000
“
Size of Units
ble da for Affordable housing completions have fallen to their lowest level in 24 years.
nt Re
UK Post-War House Building By Sector
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“
Quantity is the only issue discussed with quality not considered important
Homelessness increasing 1.2million on Housing Waiting Lists 6million Insecure tenure
o-
Low Density can create urban sprawl & desecration of the green belt
“
Jerry Lehane Managing Director at ChapmanBDSP
y-T
TheTelegraph
Bu
“
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London has particular issues in this respect, where planning considerations and the sheer practical challenge of upgrading infrastructure in a densely populated environment can hinder swift delivery.
Ho me les sn es s
sity n De
Compared with other cities worldwide, London is relatively low-rise. But that could change as land is scarce.
A
Quality vs Quantity
£100,250,000
The urban built environment is incredibly strained, and new ideas and materialisations need to be considered to address these issues.
& e r u
n me
ct
u
tr ras
Inf
Af
Private developers have never been able to supply the quantity we need currently, while the public sector accounts for only 1,310 completed houses in 2014.
Ow
£66,000 Min. Income to buy house within Greater London
e Ov
Across much of the world there is a housing crisis engulfing our cities. Increasing urbanisation is projected to boost the global urban population by 2.5 billion by 2050.
Public Sector house-building discontinued and economic pressures on planning departments
sP
r&
Real House Prices 151% since 1996
Private Sector unable to build over 225,000 homes p.a.
cv
650,000 Homes Over Occupied
Construction Capacity
Urban Population 2050 = +2.5billion Urban Dwellers
de Un
Housing CRISIS
(nearly 8million properties)
bli
66% Global
Skills shortage & dependence on migrant labour
Pu
37% Housing Stock Under Occupied
70% New Builds within London bought by investors
+5.8million homes by 2033 (Government Target)
UK Housing smallest units in First World
250k p.a.
100-150k p.a.
2010
2000
1990
1980
1970
1960
100,000
Housing Demand | Supply
200,000
FOR SALE
Housing Associations Public Sector Private Development
Source: DCLG
C R AW F O R D P A R T N E R S H I P
Arbutus St MICROFLATS
ARCHITECTS & INTERIOR DESIGNERS
WAN Future Project Award 2016 Submission
Microflat NETWORK The roots of Microflats lie in 1960s Japanese metabolism, a movement placing people and flexible systems at the heart of their architecture. However the technical realisation was always constrained by it’s time. Contemporary Microflat developments are being accepted by developers, planners and customers as a viable and sensible solution. They can be quickly constructed to create compact living spaces for those at the bottom of the housing ladder who are living alone; from elderly people to first-time-buyers, creating inter-generational communities which can sit within the existing housing stock to create lifetime neighbourhoods.
Site
Smaller units lend themselves to the smaller backland and infill sites which comprise the majority of brownfield sites in London. Tessellating a series of units on a compact site creates potential for pockets of greater density without putting pressure on infrastructure, and could create a network of this type of unit across the city to provide a significant volume of units to ease house prices.
Potential Sites
Creating Iterative Microflat Network
Nakagin Capsule Tower Kisho Kurokawa
Dasynetric Map of London Residential Area Density Source: James Gleeson
C R AW F O R D P A R T N E R S H I P ARCHITECTS & INTERIOR DESIGNERS
WAN Future Project Award 2016 Submission
WeWORK, WeLIVE Live/Work units are increasingly common and ideally paired. People are more mobile than ever before, as people live within an intended state of flux with their employment and where they live. Third Space is critical to the success of ideas like WeWork, being the spaces of social interaction between our homes (First Space) and our office environments (Second Space). WeWork provides the essential communal and collaborative space as well as conventional office and meeting spaces to enable high levels of productivity in more compact spaces. Combining all of these three spaces into a single architectural vernacular is incredibly efficient. Inside WeWork, space is understood through an ‘Internet of Things’ which manages and monitors space to improve the user experience by measuring occupancy and enabling people change, for example the temperature, in their immediate environment. This technology will soon be able to help employees to maintain the most productive environment on an individual basis.
BUILD MEASURE LEARN WeWork Spatial Design Flow Loop
Arbutus St MICROFLATS
C R AW F O R D P A R T N E R S H I P
Arbutus St MICROFLATS
ARCHITECTS & INTERIOR DESIGNERS
WAN Future Project Award 2016 Submission
Site ANALYSIS
Pre-FABRICATION
The site is ideally location neighbouring a recently completed train station with connections across London. It will also be close to the Crossrail 2 route further making it an interchange.
Pre-fabrication is the natural companion to Microflats, being equally nimble and responsive to societal shifts. The benefits of pre-fabrication are widely known, being a quicker and cheaper construction methodology, which minimises on-site disruption and can create more sustainable and higher-quality units through techniques of mass production.
“
Intensifying development around well-connected transport nodes will form an important part of my vision for the city. Sadiq Khan
Kingsland Road
Currently the site is occupied by a warehouse, but the location is suited to residential development with a park beyond the station and with newly-created retail and office space, an entire micro-economy can be created on the site which should be self-supporting.
tus Arbu
Street
Site
The site is cleared, concrete cores are constructed to contain the staircases and lifts. Then a tower crane can lift individual pre-fabricated units from trucks directly into position, either as singular flats or as part of larger spaces.
Haggerston Station
The services are connected to risers and the units can then be finished internally and externally as desired.
“ Location Plan Existing South Elevation
1
2
3
Tower Crane
Haggerston Station
Arbutus Street
Site
Concrete Circulation Cores
Microflat Units
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Arbutus St MICROFLATS
ARCHITECTS & INTERIOR DESIGNERS
WAN Future Project Award 2016 Submission
1 2
8
The Microflats are designed around the standard material sheet size for efficiency and ecology (1220x2440mm), creating a footprint of 38.75m2.
10
3
9
3
The structure of these units is formed from Structural Insulated Panels (7x4) arranged around the outside to create a rigid and insulated form which is highly efficient, economical and sustainable from a manufacturing perspective. This creates a self-supporting structural pod unit which can then be stacked on-site.
8
13 12
The space provides a service zone (with bathroom, kitchen and utility cupboard) located at one end, clad in exposed stained OSB. The rest of the Microflat is then open, with fitted full-height storage on one side, flanking a luxury contemporary fold-out sofa bed, with a single half-height unit (containing the TV) on the opposite wall.
11
9
4
1
4
F
Kitchen Elevation
This provides each compact flat with a light, open-plan and adaptable space, which can be customised by each user. Large windows can be placed on the majority of two of the walls, one of which has sliding doors opening out onto a cantilevered balcony to provide adequate amenity space.
10
7
6
Unit Plan
1
Kitchen Elevation
7
High-Level Storage Units Microwave/Oven
Structural Insulated Panels (SIP)
55
6
12
A 21st century construction methodology which creates efficient singular elements which provide the structural support as well as internal and external finishes, insulation and service integration.
W
11
HW
2
Material REALISATION
1
13
4
Sink Electric Hobs Fridge/Freezer
Compact furniture has become high-quality and designer, still taking a minimum of space whilst providing everything required for everyday use.
5m Key 1. Entrance 2. Utility Cupboard (Washing Machine, Storage & Services) 3. Bathroom (with Shower) 4. Kitchen (John Strand compact kitchen) 5. Adjustable-Height Folding Kitchen & Dining Table 6. Cube 6 Stools (Naho Matsuno design) 7. TV Lift within Credenza Storage Unit 8. Bookcase & Shelving Unit 9. Fold-Out Bureau Desk 10. CLEI Penelope Folding Sofa & Bed 11. Private Clothes Storage 12. Sliding Full-Height Doors 13. Balcony (5.2m2 Amenity Space)
Base Storage Units
1
5m
C R AW F O R D P A R T N E R S H I P
Arbutus St MICROFLATS
ARCHITECTS & INTERIOR DESIGNERS
WAN Future Project Award 2016 Submission
2
Spatial EXPRESSION
3
Key 1. Entrance 2. Utility Cupboard (Washing Machine, Storage & Services) 3. Bathroom (with Shower) 4. Kitchen (John Strand compact kitchen) 5. Adjustable-Height Folding Kitchen & Dining Table 6. Cube 6 Stools (Naho Matsuno design) 7. TV Lift within Credenza Storage Unit 8. Bookcase & Shelving Unit 9. Fold-Out Bureau Desk 10. CLEI Penelope Folding Sofa & Bed 11. Private Clothes Storage 12. Sliding Full-Height Doors 13. Balcony (5.2m2 Amenity Space)
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9
4
1
10 5
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12
7
Many Microflat layouts carve the space into recognisable rooms to replicate a larger property, however this leaves users with a series of small spaces.
13
This design is focused around an open-plan living bedroom which provides all of the spaces people would expect whilst enabling adaptation for living, dining, cooking or entertaining.
Unit Axonometric
1
5m
C R AW F O R D P A R T N E R S H I P
Arbutus St MICROFLATS
ARCHITECTS & INTERIOR DESIGNERS
WAN Future Project Award 2016 Submission
Street MANIFESTATION +27.000 9 Roof
+24.000 8 Eigth Floor
+21.000 7 Seventh Floor
WeLive
+18.000 6 Sixth Floor
+15.000 5 Fifth Floor
+12.000 4 Fourth Floor
Haggerston Station +9.000 3 Third Floor
+6.000 2 Second Floor
+3.000 1 First Floor
±0.000 0 Ground Floor
Retail Unit
WeWork
Community
Infrastructure Arbutus Street
WeWork
C R AW F O R D P A R T N E R S H I P
Arbutus St MICROFLATS
ARCHITECTS & INTERIOR DESIGNERS
WAN Future Project Award 2016 Submission
Plan TESSELLATION Roof
8th
7th
6th
3
3
The tessellation permutations of these Microflat blocks are endless. This iteration focuses on maximising the natural light and view from the flats.
Key 1. Entrance 2. Community Common Area 3. Circulation Cores 4. Bike Storage 5. WeWork Reception 6. WeWork Waiting Area 7. WeWork Bullpen 8. WeWork Conference Room 9. Retail Unit 10. Microflat
10
The in-built flexibility of this system, from the adaptability of each flat unit to the larger-scale arrangement of the flats to create interesting forms while managing to densify limited and smaller sites make this a powerful tool. Roof Garden for Residents
Haggerston Station
Typical Residential Plan
Street s u t u Arb No. Microflats: 33 Site Area: 560m2 Density: 591 hr/ha
5th
< To
ation
t Elev
Stree
oad R d n a Kingsl
9 1
3
3 4th
2
5 7
6
3rd
4
8
2nd
WeLive Flats WeWork Office & Meeting (Ground & 1st)
Ground Floor Plan
1st
Proposed Microflat Block Layout
1
5
N
C R AW F O R D P A R T N E R S H I P ARCHITECTS & INTERIOR DESIGNERS
WAN Future Project Award 2016 Submission
External MORPHOLOGY
Arbutus St MICROFLATS