WWII - Part I The World in the 1930’s
Monday, May 10, 2010
Economic Nationalism • National policies that place your country’s economic well-being ahead of all other concerns.
• Throughout the 1930’s the US and
countries throughout Europe practice Economic Nationalism.
• US raises tariffs, Europeans continue to demand German reparations for WWI.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Totalitarianism • Strong centralized government. • Citizens have no individual rights. • Government suppresses all opposition.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Fascism
• Strong Centralized government headed by a dictator.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Stalin Controls the Soviet Union •
Stalin takes control of Soviet Union in 1924.
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1928 Stalin launches series of Five-Year Plans.
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By 1939 USSR has third largest industrial output in the world.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Hitler takes command •
Leader of the Nazi party elected by a plurality in 1932.
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1932 - 6 million Germans are unemployed.
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1934 - Germany stops paying its war reparations obligations.
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Mussolini controls Italy •
Benito Mussolini - takes control of Italy in 1922 as leader of Socialist party.
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1935 invades Ethiopia.
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1936 aids Fascists in Spanish Civil War
US Neutrality Act • 1935 - Outlawed the sale of weapons to nations at war.
• Outlawed giving loans to nations at war. • Outlawed loans and weapons sales to countries engaged in Civil Wars.
Monday, May 10, 2010
1937 Neutrality Act • Cash and Carry policy for non-military purchases by warring nations.
• Those making purchases must pay cash and use their own ships for transport.
• US Citizens forbidden to travel on foreign ships.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Appeasement • British and French policy of allowing
Germany to take pieces of land as long as it wasn’t their land.
• First example of appeasement: 1936 Germany invades Rhineland.
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Failure of Appeasement • 1938 - Hitler invades Austria. • 1939 - Hitler invades Czechoslovakia • 1939 - Hitler invades Poland. Britain and France declare war on Germany, September 3, 1939.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Repeal of the Arms Embargo • After Britain and France declare war on Germany, US repeals arms embargoes.
• Allows cash-and-carry sales of weapons to French, British, and their allies.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Lend - Lease Act • Britain and its allies were broke. • March 1941 - US Begins “lending” weapons and supplies to Britain.
• June 1941 - US Begins “lending” to USSR. • Roosevelt orders US Navy to patrol
halfway across Atlantic for the safe delivery of weapons.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Attack on the Greer • September 1941 - German submarine fires on, but doesn’t hit USS Greer.
• Greer had been following submarine for hours and relaying locations to British.
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Sinking of Reuben James • October 1941 - US Destroyer Reuben James sunk by Germans.
• Roosevelt authorizes transport of weapons on armed US merchant ships.
Monday, May 10, 2010