Ricker Report April / May 2019 by Ricker Report UIUC

architecture

a r t s

RICKER REPORT MAY 2019 VOL. 01 | ISSUE 05

Ricker Notes was originally a periodical for the School of Architecture, edited and published by Architecture students including feature articles, news, poetry, drawings, book reviews and beneficial quotes. The title â&#x20AC;&#x153;Rickerâ&#x20AC;?, refers to Nathan Clifford Ricker, the first graduate of an architecture program in the United States in March of 1873. This academic year, the School of Architecture is bringing back Ricker Notes in the form of a monthly magazine called Ricker Report. Moving forward, the magazine aims to create a unifying platform to present students with information about the school, upcoming events, architectural clubs and organizations, and articles on different studios, professors, and professionals.

05 06 10 34 46 56 62 70 84 90

Letter From the Editor This Month in Architecture Life - Work Balance Featuring Tom Loew

Society, Economy, & Environment Featuring Christina Bollo

Family, Fabrication, & Fellowship Featuring Lowell Miller

Womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Reunion & Symposium September 26 - 28, 2019

Inside ARCH 232 Barcelona Program Graduate Review Gallery Architectural Illustration Featuring Bruce Bondy

CONTRIBUTORS RICKER REPORT TEAM Matt Ehlers Hannah Galkin Karolina Chojnowska Nico Hsu Joshua Downes Diego Huacuja Jessica Stark Peter Schumacher Bhavi Dalal TJ Bayowa FEATURED Tom Loew Christina Bollo Lowell Miller Marci Uihlein Sara Bartumeus Bruce Bondy PRINTING + SERVICES Bruce Colravy Dixon Printing 105 W John St. Champaign, IL 61820

EDITOR’S NOTE convey their passions and professional

interests via charisma and encouragement in their educator and professional practice roles. I firmly believe, we as students,

have so much to learn from our staff, “Well, my philosophy is that worrying means you suffer twice”

colleagues, and coworkers we share our days with.

-JK Rowling

That being said, I feel it necessary to say

With the upcoming month of May, we

is only a partial depiction of the entire

enter Mental Health Awareness Month.

In the world of architectural education especially studio – education entails long

work weeks, immense amounts of stress, and potential health issues from lack of sleep and anxiety. Taking

this

into

consideration,

and

professionals

faculty. The entire faculty balances so many incredible feats at the University of Illinois. From research on sustainable

materials to deployable structures and housing, our students, faculty, and alumni excel in many fashions.

the

However, at the end of the day, our health

that

conduct our work weeks and lifestyle. As I

Ricker Report Team sought out faculty members

this selection of faculty and professionals

illustrate an admirable live-work balance. These individuals excel not only at the

educational/teaching platform, but in

professional practice, society, research, and their own personal and family lives. These individuals are mentors to students and aspiring professionals alike. They

and lifestyle are effected by how we continue to learn these principles myself,

I stress each and every one of you reading to listen to what these professionals have

to offer, and to put mental health, physical health, and sleep first as you approach school and professional practice.

Editor in Chief | M.Arch + M.S.C.E.E. Candidate 2021

This Month in Arch April 2019 & May 2019

Rozana Montiel Wins the Global Award for Sustainable Architecture 2019 Mexico-based architect Rozana Montiel has won the Global Award for Sustainable Architecture for the year 2019. She has won alongside

Werner Sobek, Ersen Gursel, Ammar Khammash, and Jorge Lobos. The award was created in 2006 by architect and academic Jana

Revedin, awarding five architects each year that “contribute to a more

equitable and sustainable development and create an innovative

and participatory approach to meet the needs of societies, whether experts in economics, construction or self-development actors for whom sustainability is synonymous with social and urban equity.” The

prize has been seen as a contemporary discoverer of cutting edge talent such as Wang Shu and Carin Smuts. Rozana Montiel, whose projects focus on social participation in her projects, has previously

won the MCHAP prize in 2018 and the Architecture Review’s Women in Architecture prize in 2017. The award ceremony will take place in Paris on May 13th.

Rozana Montiel Wins the Global Award for Sustainable Architecture 2019.” ArchDaily, 5 Apr. 2019, www.archdaily.com/914532/rozana-montiel-wins-the-global-award-for-sustainable-architecture-2019. Baldwin, Eric. “RIBA Launches Gender Pay Guidance for Firms.” ArchDaily, ArchDaily, 5 Apr. 2019, www.archdaily.com/9 l 45 l l/riba-launches-gender-pay-guidance-for-firms.

RIBA Launches Gender Pay Guidance for Firms A new directive has been issued by the Royal Institute of British Architects to close the gender pay gap between men and women architects as a means to create a more inclusive environment. The guidance, named

“Close the Gap - Improving Gender Equality in Practice”, outlines the best measures and initiatives an architectural manager can use to

separate an individual’s career from one’s gender identity. The news follows RIBA’s own 2018 study on the pay gap that came out earlier this month. RIBA President, Ben Derbyshire, said: “There is no place for

discrimination in our profession. Yet, almost 50 years after equal pay legislation came into force in the UK, significant instances of inequality remain. Change is long overdue and all of us - employers, employees

and the RIBA - have a vital role to play.” A core group of RIBA supporting practices have already signed the pledge, which encourages unbiased

recruitment and promotion, flexible working patterns, and techniques

to operate a practice fairly. The guidance is accompanied by a tweetable hashtag to show one is taking the pledge: #CloseTheGap.

Serpentine Bans Use of Unpaid Interns for 2019 Pavilion Design Team

Following controversy surrounding the use of unpaid interns, Junya lshigami + Associates, designers of the Serpentine Pavilion in London, have been ordered by Serpentine to pay all their staff. This comes

after an email that was reportedly seen by The Architect’s Journal

that detailed how one particular intern at the company had a lack of pay, six-day work weeks, and extended hours. Allegedly Serpentine

was unaware of the intern and the conditions, and after a discussion with Junya lshigami + Associates released a statement on March 27th that any unpaid internship would not be allowed on the 2019 design

team, or in the future for that matter. Although unpaid internships are more common in Junya lshigami + Associates’ home country of Japan, in Europe a six-day week consisting of extended hours with

below minimum wage pay would be illegal under the EU, and has been banned by the Royal Institute of British Architects since 2011.

Walsh, Niall Patrick. “Serpentine Bans Use of Unpaid Interns for 2019 Pavilion Design Team.” ArchDaily, ArchDaily, 28 Mar. 2019, www.archdaily.com/913982/serpentine-bans-use-of-unpaidintems-for-2019-pavi lion-design-team.

The Shed Opens in New York’s Hudson Yards After more than a decade of work Diller Scofidio + Renfro and Rockwell

Group’s Shed has opened in New York’s Hudson Yards, connected to the Highline at 30th Street. The 17,000 foot multi-purpose

building contains multiple galleries, the 500 seat Griffin Theater, and the Mccourt, itself a multi-use space for large installations and social performances. On the top floor are the Tisch Skylights, which

holds a lab for local artists and both rehearsal and event spaces. The most spectacular element of the building however is the 120

foot telescoping shell that covers the building, made of ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), which can be extended out for larger performances. Liz Diller of DS+R defines the Shed as “Eleven years in the making ... opening its doors to the public as a perpetual work-

in-progress. I see the building as an ‘architecture of infrastructure,’ all muscle, no fat, and responsive to the ever-changing needs of

artists into a future we cannot predict. Success for me would mean

that the building would stand up to challenges presented by artists, while challenging them back in a fruitful dialogue.”’ The opening was accompanied by a five night concert series directed by Steve

McQueen with Quincy Jones and Maureen Mahon, which celebrates the global influence of African American music. Studio Gang to Lead Winning Chicago O’Hare Airport Expansion Studio Gang, headed by the University of Illinois’ own Jeanne Gang,

has won the competition to lead the O’Hare 21 International Terminal extension. Their bid was successful due to their intent of celebrating

Chicago’s history itself. The winning submission consists of three major

volumes that converge around a main hub, merging the terminal and concourse into one large building. The overall profile therefore looks

similar to a Y, which invokes the branching of the Chicago River. At the point where these volumes meet is a six-pointed glass skylight,

reminiscent of the type of star used on the Chicago flag. Studio Gang beat out other leading firms including SOM, Bjarke Ingels Group, and

Calatrava. Do not fret for the runners up though: the remaining firms

will have a chance to design two smaller satellite concourses to be built west of Terminal 1. This will be the first expansion of O’Hare in 25 years, and will hopefully be completed by 2023. Baldwin, Eric. “Noor Completes Reconstruction of the Mirror Palace in Iran.” ArchDaily, ArchDaily, 27 Mar. 2019, www.archdaily.com/913 961 /noor-completesreconstruction-of-the-mirror-palacein-iran. Baldwin, Eric. “The Shed Opens in New York’s Hudson Yards.” ArchDaily, ArchDai ly, 5 Apr. 2019, www.archdaily.com/914450/the-shed-opens-in-new-yorks-hudson-yards.

Noor Completes Reconstruction of the Mirror Palace in Iran The Ayine Khaneh Palace, also known as the Mirror Palace, has been digitally reconstructed by Noor Art & Architecture Studio. Led by head architect Mohammad Yazi Rad, the digital reconstruction stems

from historic plans and written documents, and is meant to create a cultural structure that would bring attention to both the Safavid era and Persian architecture. As the capital of the Safavid Dynasty,

Isfahan became inundated with great building projects, the Ayine Khaneh Palace being the jewel amongst them. During the period of

its’ physical existence it was located on the southern bank of the Zayandehrood river in a garden called Saa’dat Abad, which was built in the Shah Sao and Shah Abbas II era, in the 16th century.

The walls were decorated with mirrors and paintings, and the project featured the use of marble. In the central part of the porch, there

was a marble pool with fountains spouting from the mouths of four stone lions. These descriptions drew similarities amongst historians to the Chehel Sotoun Palace. The Palace had been destroyed in 1891

by the then governor of Isfahan Zella Soltan. However, though the use of technology, budding architects and historians can access this beautiful piece of culture once again.

Baldwin, Eric. “Studio Gang to Lead Winning Chicago O’Hare Airport Expansion.” ArchDaily, ArchDaily, 28 Mar. 2019, www.archdaily.com/913 991 / studio-ord-wins-chicago-ohare-airport-expansion.

LIFE - WORK BA 10

ALANCE

JOURNEY TRANSFERABLE SKILLS THOROUGHNESS PROCESS DISTILLATIONS 11

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Process, in traveling, to me. You appre more. Understa you are at in a jour important as the 12

is important eciate process anding where rney is just as destination.”

Tom Loew

Adjunct Professor | Builder | Designer | Father Master of Architecture, University of Illinois (1991) Bachelor of Science in Architectural Studies (1985) Since 1988, Tom has owned and developed a Design/Build firm in Champaign, Illinois specializing in custom designed homes and

remodels. He also actively balances the complexities of live-work

balance. His life is interwoven with the rhythms of life through family, professional work, educating, and travel. Tom’s ability to guide and instruct others though the process of home design and construction

is a trademark of his professional practice. This endeavor has proven to be a fulfilling life’s work, which draws from a rich architectural

education from the University of Illinois. Over the course of 30 plus

years, Tom has demonstrated an unmistakable ability to synthesize

concepts and programming requirements and to translate these objectives into built works. With well over 100 built projects, Tom’s

work embodies both an aptitude for the process of home design as well as a refined skill of hands-on craftsmanship with respect to

numerous building trades. While Tom’s passion comes from a desire to see the creation of meaningful architectural form and space,

his deep care for his clients and professionalism have produced longstanding relationships in addition to a long list of rewarding projects.

The Journey Ricker Report Team: Balancing multiple worlds, a

professional practice, teaching, advising young architects, a family, and an active lifestyle of

traveling, I was curious where your interests began with architecture and design?

Tom Loew: It’s hard to identify one specific moment that was a decision point for my career path.

believe that I was influenced by many factors alone

my journey. From my earliest memories regarding

the world of architecture, I didn’t really seem to

be motivated upon the idea of architecture as a professional objective as much as it was about a love

for creating space and the experience of engaging with it. I probably built my first real structure

when I was 10 or 11. We had a neighborhood trilevel fort which stood about 16 ft tall and housed

an underground room where everyone in the neighborhood came to play. I first learned to draw precise drafting details in Junior high school and

then again in high school architectural classes. I can still remember how this experience transformed my

understanding of measurements and mathematics into a three-dimensional world of rhythms and spatial relationships.

From my vantage point today, I look back with a lot

of admiration for the things I learned in my time at the University of Illinois. This place was formative, in the way that I think about life, and the way that

I conduct practice. As an 18/19 year old, you don’t truly understand while going through school that

you are being trained for much more than just the profession of architecture.

It is necessary to say it was a series of things that gave me the opportunities that I have followed in

“the moments we invite in our present, may ultimately

serve as the mechanism which sets our trajectory and velocity.”

my life to become an architect. That idea is something

than necessarily exactly what I learned. You know, it was

becoming an architect. But it is the playful sides of life

Jack Baker, Dave Chasco, Botand Bognar, and a whole

that is not at the forefront of your mind when and the interactions with moveable objects and the built environment that allowed me to immerse myself

in architecture as a profession. We played life in the

environments that we made. Whether that be jumping on a train and running around or exploring the depths of nature in forests.

RR: Are there specific skill sets which the academic

the Jim Warfield’s, the Art Kaha’s, Claude Winkelhake, list more of people who were influential in helping me navigate along my journey.

This idea of mentorship

is something I hold close as a guiding principle. Each of these people challenged my way of thinking; they provided an invaluable perspective of life.

While I was a junior in our School of Architecture I began to write the outline for my graduate Thesis.

experience trained or prepared you for?

What started as concern over the housing problems in

TL: We have always had a wealth of diverse knowledge

of the indigenous architectures of the country.

on the UIUC campus.

When you ask me about the things I learned, I know that the academics and excellence of the teaching have grounded so much of what I do today; yet, I could tell you about the people I learned from more

the large urban areas of Mexico led to an intimate study I still

remember the guidance of both Claude Winkelhake and

Jim Warfield. Warfield encouraged me to travel to Mexico

to work on my thesis. He asked, “how do you understand what a legitimate design proposition is without knowing the people you are designing for?”

â&#x20AC;&#x153;...we think that tomorrow is simply another day,

Yet we know so little about time. We measure and measure... perhaps with only a handful of tools...â&#x20AC;?

As a result of my visits to Mexico my thesis evolved into a comprehensive

study of the socio political

and cultural influences upon the urbanization issue.

Moreover, the experience itself certainly changed my

life. The vast cultural differences between my Midwest

“Every journey begins with a

thought… with a dream… an idea which transforms itself in the moments of travel.”

upbringing and the massive amount of poverty and

radically different lifestyle of these urban populations

changed the way I would see people for the rest of my

life. I began seeing the world from a perspective of: “how can any of us ever complain about what we have

and the way we live and conduct our lives”. I began to

appreciate life more by working to understand these other lifestyles through my thesis. These problems,

urbanization and housing issues, are still prominent today as well.

It changed my perspective knowing you can’t simply

impose change to just one entity in an equation and

necessarily expect a different result. You have to look at all the constituents – and maybe – reformulate the whole composition.

I began recognizing and remembering people above all

specific task.

involved with my research, travels, and work and will

a business deadline, resolving an issue over the

else. I would be able to remember the names of people

continue to remember them for the rest of my life. There is an inherent value in letting people into your life and

remembering their stories and connections.

Transferable Skills RR: Do you think the dimensions such as teaching,

practice, and family are more interdisciplinary? Do you learn from them collectively, or is it more of a balancing act of delineating different components of your life?

It’s easy to become engrossed in completing one

This can happen at any point of our

journey. It can be completing a class project, meeting

installation of a building component, the list is endless. In my first stages of building and designing for clients

I was surely overloaded with these goal oriented

tendencies. While in graduate school I found work with a skilled German carpenter who taught me a craft of many fabrication details. It was evident that there were skills which transferred from one craft to another.

would say that an ability to see a new problem with

clarity and understanding emerged from my carpentry experience. As I began my practice several years into this experience, I began to see larger rhythms of the way projects flowed from their beginning to end.

think looking for patterns and rhythms is something as designers we simply do.

Larger rhythms of projects and the lifestyle I was learning

directly coincided with perception of space that I learned in schooling and a strong work ethic. I wanted to know everything there was to know about showing things graphically on paper – and allowing to show things and perceive the world in alternative ways. With students

today, we don’t always realize that what occurs in the professional world doesn’t necessarily pertain to what we

do in education. We are trained for a lot more in life than

just architecture. We also learn a lot more, specifically, from the people around us than the coursework. Noting

that I am not taking anything away from the importance of education and coursework, it is simply a testament to the types of people you can come across in the world, and

at the University of Illinois, that we are able to learn more from the people around us. My personal experiences

with friends, family, and strangers along my life journey has contributed to how I think about architecture and

approach my studies, but it also contributes in a more prominent role to how I think about life.

More generally speaking, underscoring all of what you asked here of balance either compartmentalized entities versus collective- I see them as a collective. For example,

some of the important lessons which I have employed

in my practice we certainly birthed out of the context of raising my children. There is a world view in what I’m

saying, a life paradigm. It is the way we conduct life, the way we think about ourselves and about others. I think

when we consider life in these terms we are able to bring expertise and guidance into new and varied situations despite their complexities.

Thoroughness RR: Do you take the principle of following through with

“The earth doesn’t

demand our attention; yet when we give it such, it commands our gaze and compels our reason.”

your small-scale projects? Because the project, space,

architectural design starts by listening and listening

part in it -

write and design around this premise everything become

lifestyle is meant to be sustained for a while after your

TL: For me, the practice of (dedication to) thoroughness provides the essential framework to the notions of sustainability. This

process

begins

with

meeting

client

understanding what they hold as priorities, values, and project objectives. The clients themselves should

be the mechanism for how we define a particular projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s parameters and objectives. The craft of a good

carefully to each exchange of information.

When we

quite intimate and real for the client.

Thoroughness should be evident in every consideration

when it comes to architectural design and building

projects. In running a residential design build practice nothing is left for speculation. You have to be a problem solver and have an awareness of the various disciplines

which contribute to obtaining someoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s objectives.

There are many facets to architectural practice other than simply designing an architectural product.

When you

“ Just as there is a dedication to problem

solving when it comes to architectural design, there is an equal devotion to thoroughness in practice... when we strive for clarity and resolutions throughout the entire process we elevate the project as a whole; from my perspective, this is the chief characteristic of a sustainable project.”

move a line on a design sketch or computer image you

sites probably trumps all of these endeavors with respect

how it affects the building performance, how its influences

tendency, or just a mechanism to keep afloat with a busy

should fully understand how it changes the architecture, the fabrication

Just as there is a dedication to problem solving when it comes to architectural design, there is an equal devotion

to thoroughness in practice. I can’t think of a project

where I wasn’t called upon to resolve conflict, or resolve the numerous difficulties of fabrication in the build

process. Many hours of my practice are spent in product

to time and energy. I’m not sure if it’s simply a creative life, but for me all of these components fortunately seem

to weave together in a memorable and clear rhythm of organization and intent.

My take home message

for others would be that when we strive for clarity and resolutions throughout the entire process we elevate the project as a whole; from my perspective, this is the chief characteristic of a sustainable project.

research and project planning, probably more than design time. The hours spent in fabrication on projects

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Nat 26

Process

RR: It’s a matter of perspective though, isn’t it?

You learn from education, take that knowledge

to professional practice and learn there to teach new knowledge to your students – it becomes cyclical in nature. I would imagine it creates an

all-encompassing view, and cultivates for a better vision of the future, one in which you play an active role in.

~ moments on the journey matter ~ TL: I believe it is very interdisciplinary, very

intertwined. Ultimately we do produce architecture;

we give a client a place that they identify with as their own. So losing sight of the product would be

a mistake. However, cultivating that architectural product has everything to do with the process.

Recapping, the interdisciplinary or cyclical nature of what you mentioned, ongoing success is more about

process than product. There is a product which a client receives from me, but if you ask them what they remember most, I’m sure they would reflect

in detail upon the process they have undergone.

They remember the moment where they engaged

in the idea of “what their home could be.” Taking people through this long and exhaustive process of design and building a home is quite a task. Not

many clients would do it if they were handed all the topics and information for discussion at one time. It’s a long journey and it takes someone to help clients navigate through it. I think this is perhaps

ture brings clarity”

Our industry’s approach to the digital and delivery of data in the built environment needs to stop looking like a spreadsheet and more like prototyping with sensors.

what I enjoy most about what I do.

When you hear

a client’s ideas for the very first time it immediately conveys a sense of project trajectory.

It promotes

questions about how this project might be built, how

much it might cost, how much time and energy a client will need to invest in order to make it successful. In

order for me to design well, I believe it’s accurate to say that I am truly a part of my clients’ life. After 35

years, I see clients who are my friends. They often reflect

upon the things they remember and that are important to them about our projects. I have watched clients raise families in these homes.

I can admit that because the investment is so intimate at

this scale of design it is hard to clarify the point when a project is truly considered done. This is something that takes some of us many years to clarify for ourselves.

Regarding process, in traveling, it is important to me.

You appreciate process more. Understanding where you are at in a journey is just as important as the destination. Just like in design, everyone thinks about

some end result, reaching some summit, and that there

is an epiphany from it vantage point. Hopefully, people can dial back from that belief system and realize that

clarity and insight can happen at any given step along

the journey. This happens at a moment of fatigue, at a moment of personal breakthrough, it happens when the people alongside of you need help. It is embedded

in one hundred different directions we take. Traveling

reminds me of that. And it is a truly beautiful way to travel through life. There is a true treasure in finding others on the path that share these moments together

and elevate each other’s journeys. To experience life rhythm at this scale makes me quite grateful.

“Pathways, embrace the journey” 28

RR: Well this something you sell. It is more than a

product simply because your end product includes a very diligent and all-encompassing process. That is not necessarily something many people do.

TL: It’s hard to categorize what I do as a commodity or something that I sell. I’ve always felt that professional

practice was just something that I did amongst all the

other tasks of life. Wanting to create and create for others is something I have always done intuitively. Perhaps I feel most comfortable thinking of what I do as an exchange. We learn invaluable lessons related to

working with clients. I think it’s imperative to be other

focused in the midst of our journeys. We often find what we need when we are looking to help or guide others.

To be honest when it comes to teaching, I believed it

would enrich my life to teach, but I was also surprised

by the value it brought to the way I approached business. I believe it has been the source of tremendous

refinements. Imagine coming to a studio and being

challenged to teach students, in 14 weeks, what I have

gained in a thirty year career. Teaching over the last few years has given me a clearer voice with my clients

in guiding them through the potentially very complex

world of design build projects. In turn, it has given me a clearer voice with my students. I am much more

deliberate with what is necessary at the given moment.

Perhaps all of this has value for me because of the belief I hold in process. The years of practice have helped

Distillations

me intuit a project’s potential success or difficulties,

RR: Are there other ongoing experiences which

students or clients; it merely reaffirms the necessity

reconsider your approach to design in new or

but this insight doesn’t give me a magic solution for

of the journey and many steps required in obtaining that goal. I think my clients of the last few years are

have expanded your perspective or caused you to alternative ways?

getting a better experience and product than some of

TL: Invariably communication has to become distilled.

architecture and my practice are both in a much better

the design process in that very manner.

those I have served for the prior 30 years. I feel like my place today and teaching has played a big role in that.

Teaching others has helped me to see how I think about

It has also

helped me to appreciate the value in the moments along

the design path. I like to keep viewing architecture and

practice from a broader perspective other than the ways

that vast scale it invariably alters our understanding of

measure and measure for exactness and detail, yet when

discover of things we have as of yet to consider, let along

which I have been accustomed to approaching it. We

it comes to the vastness of everything around us, we truly know so little about time and measuring. I spend

ourselves. It provides an opportunity of exploration and understand.

a significant amount of time getting myself remote

on trips into nature. There is a perspective gained in nature, out in the natural landscape. I think that my life

and my thoughts become clearer with each experience of traveling into the wilderness.

This vast landscape provides an undeniable language

of rhythms. When we are able to engage rhythms at

Compression and emergence ...in this journey we call life, we are all variations of the same reality... Compressed... Expressed - within a veil, Digressed - to an elemental tale, Impressed- with double vision, Suppressed - in time and limitation... Emerging... Ascending - to heights within, Transforming - new life begins, Perceiving - another reality, Unfolding - lifeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s deep mystery... ...we emerge as we do; because we have taken this journey we call life.... - Tom Loew

Journey Through Pho

(11) Delicate Arch, Moab, Utah (2016) (12) The Druid, Canyonlands, Utah (2017) (15) Devilâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Garden Primitive Loop, Moab, Utah (2015) (16) Spooky Gulch, Escalante, Utah (2018) (17) Hole in the Rock, Lake Powell, Utah (2018) (21) Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico (1985) (21) Villa Park, Illinois (1976) (21) Mount Rainier, Washington (2003)

otos (In Order of Page) (21) Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico (1985) (23) El Capitan, Yosemite, California (2016) (24) White Heath, Illinois (2017) (26) Half Dome, Yosemite, California (2016) (29) Urbana, Illinois (2019) (29) White Heath, Illinois (2017) (29) Peek-A-Boo Slot Canyon, Escalante, Utah (2018) (31) The Needles District, Canyonlands, Utah (2017)

Society, Economy, & the

An Interview with Christina Boll

e Environment

Christina Bollo Architect | Educator

Christina Bollo is an assistant professor in the Health and

Wellbeing focus area. Professor Bollo’s research and teaching focus on the social, economic and environmental ramifications

of housing design, and the manifestation of policy in the built environment. Her current research investigates social

interactions in the shared spaces of permanent supportive housing projects, commonly known as “Housing First.” She

teaches an active-learning course in “Global Health and

Architecture” (ARCH 321), and graduate-level design studios, where her close connections with non-profit housing developers and architects give students exposure to the affordable housing

industry. She is a licensed architect in Washington State.

Ricker Report: What is the reason you chose to pursue

at the University of British Columbia and lived in

architecture?

Vancouver, a place of awe-inspiring beauty. The cultural

Christina Bollo: Growing up, I delivered food in

subtle to the casual visitor; as a resident, though, I was

groceries from donated surplus food. I carried them

with indigenous communities, and commitment to

apartment buildings. I learned that while a rudimentary

out of my cultural comfort zone, even in small ways,

seniors and people with disabilities, the housing itself

beauty. Mexico City is my favorite place to visit for

distinctions between Canada and the United States are

Chicago’s Uptown neighborhood by creating bags of

intrigued by differences in health care, relationships

to people who were homebound, usually in subsidized

the natural environment. When I travel, I love being

housing safety net did exist in Chicago, especially for

and I love being immersed in natural and architectural

was in very bad shape and difficult to live in. I realized

these reasons. And the food is incredible, as well.

that it was not well designed. That brought me to architecture.

RR: What architect most influences your work and/or your work habits?

RR: How have your degrees and education path influenced you today?

CB: Herman Herzberger has been my greatest and most

CB: My architecture career started more slowly than

my ethic that architecture is a social art; buildings

architect wasn’t part of my plan when I started college

pilgrimage to see his work in person after I finished

time I was a junior, I was quite sure I would apply for

Montessori school; to see people move in and out of

I chose to major in English Literature to gain a strong

humble materials. His work also influenced me because

Oregon because they have a very large Track 3 program

the social opportunities that a well-designed section

consistent influence. His writing helped me to develop

most students in our program at U of I. Becoming an

are vessels for people and their activities. I made a

at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. By the

my M.Arch. What a joy to watch children play at his

a “Track 3” style Masters of Architecture program, so

his Borneo housing; to sketch his elegant detailing of

liberal arts foundation. I attended the University of

he is very serious about the section of the building and

with opportunities for research and teaching, as well

can create.

essential value instilled in me by my family. I never

RR: What skill (or set of skills) has served you best in

as a strong focus on environmental sustainability, an

expected to pursue a PhD, but after 10 years of practice

your architectural career?

our design decisions impact residents’ quality of life. I

CB: Listening, looking, and always documenting. I think

of their PhD in Sustainable Architecture.

practice and the help of many mentors I was able to

in Oakland and Seattle, I needed to understand how returned to Oregon and was a member of the first class

that’s all it is. And these are skills, not talents. With develop those skills, both in school and in the profession.

I learned how to look at buildings and understand how RR: Where are the places you have travelled? For work, living, or presentations/lectures?

CB: After finishing the PhD, I worked as a researcher

they’re put together, to see the core design principle, just by looking at two materials coming together.

“ LISTEN | LOOK | DOCUMENT ”

RR: Where do you see yourself five years from now?

in 1995) for Environment, Economy and Ethics

20?

(or Society). Sometimes, sustainability is just the

CB: In five years, I want to be doing exactly what I

sustainability can be short-hand for Green Building.

studio teaching to my research agenda encourages

always degrades the environment. But socially, our

and keeps me focused. In twenty years, I’d like to be

regenerative, creating more opportunities for human

university, so housing developers and architects can

has been important to my research, and it is essential

the profession in a meaningful way. This could come

we can’t make the economic equation work, we’re not

housing programs, or even through primary research

cheaper buildings: I’m advocating for buildings that

Environmental leg of the stool, or, even worse,

am doing right now, just better and more. Connecting

One problem is that the architect’s intervention almost

students to be on the leading edge of housing design,

interventions can be sustainable, and can even be

leading a housing research institute, embedded in a

health and well-being. As a social scientist, economics

benefit from research, and students can contribute to

to sustainability. We can imagine great spaces, but if

together through funded studios that explore complex

designing sustainably.

projects that investigate wellbeing in existing housing.

are worth it.

RR: Your research and teaching focuses on the social,

RR: What past professional work have you worked

Can you tell us a bit more about these components of

health and wellbeing?

economic, and environmental facets of housing design. the world?

CB: I subscribe to a definition of holistic sustainability

sometimes called the “three Es” (coined by Goodland

And I’m not advocating for

on/completed relative to housing, sustainability, and

CB: The project that most exemplifies my ethos around sustainability and health is Kenyon House, which I designed with SMR Architects in Seattle. Kenyon House

provides studio apartments for 18 formerly homeless people with HIV/AIDS and other physical and mental

health challenges. Because of this, the client and I were very motivated to create an exceptionally healthy living environment.

We used the LEED for Homes

checklist, and focused on the criteria that had clear health outcomes. We prioritized indoor air quality and thermal comfort. Interestingly, some of the things we

did to create an energy efficient building, such as an air barrier and insulation between apartments, also had wellbeing impacts, such as decreased odor and sound

transmission. We achieved LEED Platinum certification, one of the first subsidized housing projects to do so. The second edition of the Green Studio Handbook has

a case study of this building, if readers are interested in learning more about the project and the development process.

RR: How have you been able to contribute to practice from the research you have done? CB:

Evidence based design is essential, but it can

be hard for practicing architects to conduct primary,

or even secondary, research. My research partner, RR: Can you tell us more about your own research, specifically how youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve seen social interactions within housing affected by architecture?

area

spaces

permanent

designs all types of affordable housing. Through our

partnership, I provide Amanda the scholarly sources

she needs to further her design, and together we

CB: My current research project investigates the common

Amanda Donofrio, is a practicing architect who

supportive

housing, buildings similar to Kenyon, that provide

apartments for people who have experienced chronic homelessness. Social workers have advocated for large allocations of common areas in these buildings, but

little is known how the residents use this space. So far,

we have inventoried the designs of twelve supportive

pursue research projects that produce new knowledge of the profession. I am committed to conducting

useful research, to produce findings that can help practicing architects make the case to their clients for better design. This includes working together from the

beginning to generate research questions, find the

right metrics and, very importantly, disseminate the research so that it is accessible to architects.

housing buildings and used space syntax analysis to uncover typical patterns in their designs and layouts.

Our next step is to visit the buildings, and, in the most

unobtrusive manner possible, watch how the residents read these patterns and how the design affects their

use of the space. We are still searching for the right metric so we can report back to architects and housing

providers and they can more effectively design these places.

RR: You also have a small practice focusing on low-rise, deep-green residential development. Could you tell us more about this?

CB: After I finished my PhD, I wanted to maintain a substantive connection to practice to stay up-todate on materials and methods, and because I love

designing. Adrienne Gerig-Heyerly and I started

Design Response after she received several house

generation of Illinois grads will have great success in

efficiency and responsible use of resources and we are

two mantras: first, stick together; and second, seek

commissions. We are committed to extreme envelope

very picky about which projects we pursue. Even though Design Response is a relatively small component of

my professional life, it is outsized in its importance to

my teaching. When I chose recent work for the gallery

last fall, I wanted to share work with students that was accessible in its size and scope and to demonstrate the connections between drawing and complete building.

RR: Is there any advice that you would give to women who are currently entering the field of Architecture?

CB: When I go to lectures, when I teach studio, when I read essays from ARCH 321, I see students of all genders committed to fairness and equity. If they

maintain this ethos as they enter the profession, this

dismantling institutional sexism in architecture. I have

mentorship, both up and down. Sticking together can help daylight discrimination: sharing uncomfortable

incidents with friends, even if we make the choice not

to report to a higher authority, makes us resilient. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve noticed that many of my students share salary offers

with each other, which is a powerful way to stick together. I urge students to seek good mentors early in their careers, so they are available when they need them. For example, starting a family affects womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s

careers differently than men and strong mentorship

can help women plan: find parents in your firm and ask them how they navigated this and find parents in

other firms to see how policies differ. Transparency is essential if we want to change the many biases in the profession.

“ As

a social scientist, economics has been important to my research, and it is essential to sustainability. We can imagine great spaces, but if we can’t make the economic equation work, we’re not designing sustainably. And I’m not advocating for cheaper buildings: I’m advocating for buildings that are worth it.”

Family, Fabrication, and An Interview with Lowell Miller

d Fellowship

ABOUT LOWELL: Fabrication Coordinator Lowell Miller is a man who has

worn many hats over his lifetime. He holds a Bachelor of Liberal Arts and Sciences from the University of Illinois

in Urbana - Champaign, along with an Associate Degree from Parkland College. He was also previously the retail

store manager for the CU Woodshop and School in Champaign. Since 2011 he has been the sole proprietor

of Miller Woodworks, his own personal fabrication

company that produces standalone furniture pieces and the Mod Dock acoustic amplifier.

Joining the University of Illinois faculty in 2016 as the

Interim Fabrication Coordinator, he was appointed to the position officially the next year. Alongside heading our woodshop in the Architecture Annex, Lowell also leads the

Root to Roof Project, an initiative to encourage, practice,

and educate others about urban wood harvesting. The pieces produced from the Root to Roof Project can be

seen throughout the Architecture campus, including benches and the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Untetheredâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; structure seen adjacent to Temple Buell Hall. Lowell took some time to discuss with

us his thoughts about fabrication, how his life affects his work, and the success of Root to Roof:

â&#x20AC;&#x153; I firmly believe that skill acquisition leads to

flexibility, adaptability, resilience, and a strong problem-solving skill set. Architects occupy an interesting intersection of design that, when coupled with problem solving skills, enables those individuals to dive into many different mediums and find a career there.â&#x20AC;?

Ricker Report: How does your family inspire your work now?

Lowell Miller: Inspiration comes from many sources. If I

were to pinpoint family that inspires me, I would have to start with my wife. She is a career educator, but her hobbies include drawing, painting, knitting, gardening, and photography. She is the reason that I really got

into woodworking and fabrication as her support and confidence helped me out considerably. I also have many

other family members and friends who create, and their work inspires me to do the best work I can, when and while I can.

RR: What made you decide to pursue fabrication as a career, or even as a lifestyle?

LM: I am naturally mechanically inclined, and I love

problem solving. Though I have those underlying skill sets, I admit that necessity of being a new homeowner with more time than money is how fabrication became a

lifestyle. As my confidence in what I refurbished, designed,

built, and constructed grew, so did my desire for a career that encompassed fabrication and design. I also had

jobs in lighting design and layout, construction, and woodworking that led me down the path of fabrication.

RR: What is the most satisfying piece of work that you have ever made? What made it so loved?

LM: The most satisfying piece changes by the day, month, and year. Honestly, I am most satisfied with a piece as

soon as it is completed. That said, I then begin the process of trying to make that piece better, so the satisfaction is fleeting. My most consistently satisfying piece is my Mod

Dock, which is an acoustic amplifier for smart phones. I

have sold and shipped this piece all over the world. The

Mod Dock (seen left) is an original design that helped me to really become the woodworker that I am today.

RR: You are the creator of the Root to Roof Project. What

was your inspiration in creating Root to Roof and where do you see it in five years?

LM: I was inspired to create Root to Roof for many

reasons, and as all inspiration tends to, they happened to come together at around the same time. The main reason for Root to Roof is that there is an enormous amount of

urban lumber that gets mulched or turned into firewood,

“I

am naturally mechanically inclined, and I love problem solving. Though I have those underlying skill sets, I admit that necessity of being a new homeowner with more time than money is how fabrication became a lifestyle.”

which is not very sustainable. This material could instead

House program, why can’t we have a 10K tiny house

cycle. The best way to do that is to make it into usable

see Root to Roof as a not-for-profit, in the vein of Habitat

be used in a way that would keep it out of the carbon

product. What better place to make usable product than in the ISoA!

I see Root to Roof as an ever-evolving project with a

keen focus on design build projects that benefit society.

The goal of this project is to use urban lumber to build

sustainably made from urban lumber? So, in five years I for Humanity, that builds tiny homes for those in need.

RR: What has been the most interesting experience in working on Root to Roof?

sustainable housing for those that are homeless or in

LM: The most interesting part of working on Root to Roof

and especially in the ISoA, are in an excellent position

I hadn’t thought about at its conception. The program

transition. As a top tier institution, we at the university, to think big and develop projects and programs that benefit our fellow man. The Rural Studio has the 20K

is that it involves networking and outreach in ways that also requires skill acquisition like learning how to use

a chainsaw, how to mill logs for specific purposes,

how to dry the logs to get usable material, on the fly

problem solving, videography, event planning, project

management, and improvisation when and where necessary to complete the task at hand.

To date though, the most interesting experience is

working with thoughtful, curious, and hardworking students. I try to learn as much from students as I

hope that I impart to them. The â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Untetheredâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; structure encompasses all of that. I am exceptionally proud of the

students that worked on that project and I am so glad that I was able to be a part of it.

RR: What is one thing that you hope anyone who has worked on Root to Roof has taken out of the experience?

LM: My goal is to impart knowledge and growth that allows anyone that works in our shops or in Root to Roof

to be well suited to life after college. I firmly believe that skill acquisition leads to flexibility, adaptability, resilience, and a strong problem-solving skill set. Architects occupy an interesting intersection of design that, when coupled with problem solving skills, enables

those individuals to dive into many different mediums

and find a career there. There are so many people that

start in architecture and pursue that career path and there are many that start in architecture and go into

careers in the culinary arts, industrial design, furniture making, print and digital media, etc. Architecture can be

a grand buffet of ideas if one is curious and dedicated enough to dive in.

RR: If there is one tool that you were forced to use in every project that you work on from here on out, what would it be?

LM: A pencil. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll let you draw your own conclusions.

Women’s Reunion & Symposium September 26 -28, 2019

“A symposium, a reunion, and an exhibit” Information: The School of Architecture at the University of Illinois at Urbana-

Champaign invites you to join us on September 26-28, 2019 for a reunion and

symposium for our alumnae. This two-day symposium will examine, celebrate, and recognize our alumnae through speakers, work sessions, and informal gatherings.

It is also a reunion to share stories, journeys, and work, inside architecture and

out. Expand your network by connecting with our community of over 2400 women graduates around the world.

We are additionally excited to announce an exhibit featuring the work and stories of our alumnae at the Krannert Art Museum, which will open during the Illinois School of Architecture Women’s Reunion & Symposium and continue through October 12, 2019.

We look forward to you joining us in September! Marci Uihlein & Sara Bartumeus, Organizers For more information contact: arch-women@illinois.edu Website: https://arch.illinois.edu/arch-womens-symposium

RR: The symposium is planned for September 26 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 28,

2019. Could you explain your vision for the symposium? A: The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has long been a pioneering program. Mary Louisa

Page, for example, became the first woman to earn an architecture degree in the United States in 1878, just a decade after the University of Illinois offered

its first architecture course in 1868. Today, we have 2400+ women graduates out impacting the world.

These alumnae, inside architecture and out, are doing all types of wonderful things. We wanted to welcome

these graduate back to share their stories, to connect

to each other, and to bring their work and energy to the School of Architecture.

RR: Would you like to further explain what is planned for the symposium?

A: The event will include speakers, intergenerational

only 18% of licensed architects in the United States and have similar percentages at the top roles in

architectural firms. Progress towards gender equity

in architectural education is being made, with women currently

comprising

over

40%

architecture

graduates. Despite these improvements, however, women still have fewer career opportunities, hold

fewer leadership positions, and earn less recognition

for their work. Women remain underrepresented as do

people of color. The research has found that there are a number of challenges for women in the profession

including lack of role models and mentoring, women

are less likely to receive a promotion, and unequal

compensation for their work. In terms of globally, each country has its own issues for gender and we are not able to comment on this directly.

RR: How have your experiences, as a woman in architecture/engineering, changed over the years?

panels, and an exhibit opening. We were pleased to be

A: Today, we all believe that change is being made,

featuring the work of our graduates. Inclusive and

includes two recent recognitions: Carol Ross Barney

able to curate an exhibit at the Krannert Art Museum declarative, this exhibition will visualize the diversity

and depth of alumnae work in a collective display. We have sent out requests for submission with all work

welcomed and continue to look for contributions.. This

exhibition reveals both a growing and a significant presence of women in the profession, despite

persistent challenges, and celebrates their remarkable accomplishments.

Additionally, during the two-day

event, there will opportunities to interact with the students, see the School today, and share meals with each other.

RR: What is your opinion about the view of women

in architecture in the United States? Does this opinion change on the global scale?

A: Statistics by the American Institute of Architects and other organizations tell us that women comprise

however slowly that may be. Anecdotal evidence receiving the Illinois Medal (2019), the highest honor for the School and the first woman to do so. This is,

of course, after she had received the AIA Illinois Gold Medal (2015) and an AIA Chicago Lifetime Achievement

(2017) awards. Jeanne Gang, in addition to her many acknowledgments, was named by Time Magazine as among the 100 most influential people in 2019. This

recognition shows Ms. Gangâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s growing influence outside of the architectural field. These are but two

recent stories among the many that our alumnae are creating. However, change is still needed. When Carol Ross Barney graduated, she was one of three women

in her graduating class, and even through there are many more now, barriers remain.

We write today as

practitioners that have become educators. While there has been much discussion around women in the field,

there needs to be some examination of women in

architectural education. For example, women faculty

“This

exhibition reveals both a growing and a significant presence of women in the profession, despite persistent challenges, and celebrates their remarkable accomplishments.”

in ISoA make up only 20% of the faculty, and there

RR: Unfortunately, there are still people in the industry

“Full Professor” in the School’s 146-year history. While

how can these actions be combatted?

have only been three women who were promoted to students now have the opportunity to be taught design

who undervalue work done by women. In your opinion,

by a women faculty member, it is not guaranteed that

A: Two sources can provide insights here – Equity by

as well.

efforts have challenged the field of architecture to find

everyone will do so. Challenges remain in academia

RR: Are there any particular stories you would like to share?

A: Many women practitioners and educators have stories. We are hoping that this event will give our

graduates a chance to share these stories, learn from

each other, and to find or provide some mentoring. The event was designed to have formal opportunities for discussion and many moments for informal dialogue. We hope that everyone will meet someone from a

different generation or location and be able to take something back with them – advice, new insights, and even new friendships.

Design and the AIA’s Guides for Equitable Practice. Both new “best practices” within architectural firms.

For

instance in hiring, some firms have blind application

reviews, while others have developed clear and agreed upon hiring criteria. As equitable compensation remains

an issue, pay audits help a firm understand how salaries are distributed as points of data and then these can

be examined under a set of firm’s established criteria. Establishing a diverse compensation committee within a

firm is another option. Clear and accessible promotion criteria helps employees understand the firm’s leadership

development strategy. Similarly, it is recommended that

employees are evaluated on a regular basis and receive

ongoing feedback. There are a good deal of tangible actions that can create a culture within a firm that is more

welcoming and supportive of women and people of color.

RR: As a highly regarded professor, what are values you would like to continue to teach/bring to your courses at the School of Architecture?

A: Thank you for the compliment. We expect that

our answers would be very similar to our colleagues, male and female. We bring a desire for our students to

learn, be challenged, think critically, and be successful in whatever path they chose. We hope to give our students the best foundation possible for a lifetime of

learning and the ability to begin to address the needs of our larger societies.

own stories. Bringing visibility to issues for women in architecture and beyond we aim to make some

change together. Several keynote speakers and nine

panelists, soon to be announced, represent and will be sharing a myriad of trajectories of our alumnae in the profession, aligned fields, or elsewhere. Through

different formats -- with live interviews and Q&A sessions between students and alumnae -- we aim to

have an intergenerational panorama and also a fertile discussion. Examining past and present obstacles, challenges and accomplishments, will help us sketch,

and hopefully build, bridges towards a more equitable future.

RR: Any closing thoughts or details?

Besides all of the above, the reunion includes informal

A: We are very excited to welcome our alumnae back

share memories of their time at Illinois and to update

to Illinois to participate in this multifaceted event!

With the exhibition, Revealing Presence: Women in Architecture at the University of Illinois (1874 - 2019), at

Krannert Art Museum, we want to show and celebrate the impact of our alumnae work and be declarative

about the role of women in architecture. Womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s work often does not find itself in main publications and

exhibitions, rather it remains somehow hidden, with its authorship unknown, unrevealed.

The exhibition,

intentionally inclusive of the breadth and depth of our alumnae work, will show the diversity of their

architecture, the scale of the work and its worldwide imprint on the built environment in a collective display.

opportunities for exchange, we want our alumnae to and expand their networks. The event will take place in several university locations to give alumnae a

chance to revisit favorite old building and see new

ones. Optional tours will be held before and after the event as well.

We only need YOU - Come and join us September 2628! (By

the

way,

you

have

not

received

our

communications it is because the University does not have your current contact information. Please reach out to us at arch-women@illinois.edu!)

Historical data and architectural work will be displayed along a timeline, reflecting Illinois as a pioneer and

also as a mirror of the imbalance growth between women and men in education and practice.

With the symposium, we want to hear our alumnae voices, to get to know more about the career paths

they have traced inside or outside architecture, to hear how their education in architecture has shaped

their views and work, and to learn from their very

ARCH 232 Marci S. Uihlein, Associate Professor Introduction: As part of our series of classes the School of Architectureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s new curriculum, ARCH 232 is presented here. It is a required course for sophomores in the

second year of the undergraduate program. This Spring (2019) was the first time the course was offered. This feature provides an inside look of some of the course group projects.

Course description: This is a course that includes

the study of forces, their distribution, and impact on

building structure. Topics of study include: equilibrium of rigid bodies in two and three dimensions; trusses;

shear and bending moments in beams; arches and frames; stresses, strains, and deformations

in axially

loaded members; direct shear and bearing stresses; torsion; beam stresses and deflections;

introduction

to the design of structural members; and architectural applications.

Course Learning Objectives: To increase studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; ability to visualize, problem-solve,

and understand the demands as well as the behavior of building structure

To learn about the loads on a building and its structure.

Feature Focus - Structural Projects: Students completed four projects this semester to

support their learning in lecture and the homework

assignments. These projects included building a model to study equilibrium (pictured to the right), a truss which

was loaded in class, a structural load path model, and a spaghetti tower which was loaded until failure.

Course Topics Fundamentals: Structural mechanics, Units and Digits, Newton’s Laws Statics of Particles: Forces and their resultants in 2D / Resolution of forces into components and their addition Statics of Rigid Bodies in Two Dimensions: Moment of a force, Principle of transmissibility, Moment of a force / Moment of a couple, Equivalent couples, Addition of couples / Rigid bodies, Free body Diagrams, Reactions / Equilibrium of two-force and three-force bodies Analysis of Structures: Introduction to Trusses / Trusses, analysis by method of joints / Trusses, analysis by method of sections / Cables / Beam loading and supports, shear and bending moment diagrams Friction: Laws, coefficients, and angles Building Loads: Dead vs Live / Dead / Live / Environmental / Loading Diagrams Geometric properties: Center of gravity, Centroids, and Composite sections / Moment of Inertia, Parallel-axis Theorem Concepts of Stress: Stress / Stress on an inclined plane / Deformation / Strain Stress and Strain: Tension and Compression test / Stress/Strain Diagrams, Hooke’s Law / Ductile and Brittle Behavior / Poisson’s Ratio Axial Loading: Saint-Venant’s Principle / Elastic Deformation / Principle of Superposition / Temperature Torsion: Torsion formula, Circular members in torsion / Polar Moment of Inertia, Shear Stress / Torsional deformation and Angle of twist Beams in Bending: Shear and Moment diagrams / Moment diagram in relation to the elastic curve / Beam stresses in pure bending / Beams of two materials Beams in Shear: Shear on horizontal face of beam / Shearing stresses / Longitudinal shear and shear flow Combined Loading: Stress cause by combined loading Deflection of Beams: Elastic Curve Equation / Deflection Equations / Method of Superposition Columns: Stability and Critical load / Euler formula, Radius of Gyration / Columns with various types of supports

Load Capacity of Trusses (Pictured Above) - students and graduate teaching assistant testing the load capacity of trusses.

Load Path Models (Pictured Below and Left)

Spaghetti Structures (Pictured Right): Students compete and test out group-constructed spaghetti structures. The structures are tested with loading of varying weights. Equilibrium Projects (Pictured Page 68): Students completed equilibrium design projects along with printed boards explaining the means of equilibrium.

IASAPâ&#x20AC;¢BV

Illinois Architecture Study Abroad Program

At Barcelona-El VallĂ¨s 71

IASAP•BV

“theLearning how to learn: that’s main goal of the IASAP-BV

program. When students are out of their zone of comfort, away from their familiar environment, they are forced to question everything they know and everything they have learnt until that moment, both from a personal and an educational point of view. Participating in that experience provides students opportunities to discover their own abilities to learn by themselves.” Núria Sabaté, IASAP-BV Professor of Architectural Design.

The Illinois Architecture Study Abroad Program at Barcelona-El Vallès [IASAP•BV] is a yearlong comprehensive international learning experience available to undergraduate students enrolled at the Illinois School of Architecture (ISoA) of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. It provides a unique opportunity for living and studying in an historically and architecturally vibrant overseas environment while simultaneously offering a curricular structure that is

fully equivalent –in content and academic rigor— to the courses offered on the Illinois campus. The Program’s mission is to provide students with a multicultural and cross-national approach, enriching their personal and professional development. It is committed to providing a holistic and dynamic architectural education that includes required courses and a wide range of curricular and extracurricular activities that focus on an integrated approach to the

Photo by Adam Souhrada Fall 2016 at the Barcelona Pavilion

discipline of architecture, continuing the students’ academic education on the same path toward graduation with a BS in Architectural Studies from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The IASAP•BV is part of an overarching institutional agreement between the Schools of Architecture of the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign and the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) that provides for a significant and long-term

academic collaboration. The IASAP-BV is hosted at the Escola Tècnica Superior d’Arquitectura del Vallès (ETSAV), one of the two archi¬tecture programs of the highly ranked UPC. The ETSAV is located in Sant Cugat del Vallès, a small, beautiful and prosperous city within the Barcelona metropolitan area that has a rich history dating back to the medieval period. Home for many international educational programs, Sant Cugat is known for its high quality of life.

Faculty 2018-2019 The program’s staff is composed of a combination of fulltime and part-time members, and a wide range of especially invited guests who, based on their expertise, lead and deliver special activities such as thematic workshops, field-trips and other types of pedagogic modules. The IASAP-BV staffing in 2018-2019 is composed of: Full-time members Alejandro Lapunzina Professional Architect degree, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina (1983); Master of Architecture, Washington University in Saint Louis (1987). He joined the Illinois School of Architecture in 1991 and is both a full-time faculty member and the Program’s Director since its creation in 2014; he had served as Director of the IASAP•BV’s predecessor program in Versailles (France) from 1994 to 1999 and from 2002 to 2013. In 2018-2019 he taught Architectural Design in the two semesters and coordinated the program’s curricular and extracurricular activities. Marc Sanabra Loewe Professional Architect degree (UPC-ETSAB, 2005), Master Degree in Architectural Technology, specializing in Structural Analysis and Design (UPC-ETSAB, 2011), PhD in Architectural Structures (UPC-Barcelona TECH, 2014). He has his consulting firm and joined the program as a fulltime faculty member in 2018-2019. In 2018-2019 he taught the four Structures courses (two at junior level and two for seniors), acted as the students’ structural consultant in Architectural Design projects and delivered lectures and presentations in other courses. Magalí Veronelli-Lapunzina is the Program Coordinator; she holds a professional degree in Political Science and Public Administration, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico (1984, and a Master in Public Health, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina (1986). She joined the School’s Study Abroad Program in Versailles in 2007 and oversees the program’s administrative activities and students’ affairs. In 2018-2019 she conducted optional support activities such Mindfulness sessions, a cooking workshop and time-management presentations to support the students’ overseas experience. Part-time members Jaime Batlle Visiting Lecturer Raimon Farré Moretó Invited guest lecturer Carolina García Estévez Lecturer; professional Architect degree, UPC-ETSAB (2005),

PhD in Theory and History of Architecture UPC-ETSAB (2012); she holds a teaching position in Architectural History and Theory at the UPC-ETSAB; at the IASAP-BV she teaches Architectural History in the Fall semester. Carles Marcos Padros Lecturer; Professional Architect degree UPC-ETSAV (2001), PhD in Architecture UPC-ETSAB (2016); he has his own architectural practice in Tarrassa and holds a teaching position in Architectural Design at the UPC-ETSAB; at the IASAP-BV he teachers Architectural Design in the Spring semester. Núria Sabaté Giner Lecturer; Professional Architect degree, UPC-ETSAB (2006), Master in Theory and Practice of Architectural Design (predoctoral studies), UPC (2009); she has her own architectural practice in Barcelona and Paris and holds a teaching position in Architectural Design at the UPC-ETSAV; at the IASAP-BV she teachers Architectural Design in the Fall semester.

Specially invited teaching participants Elena Albareda Fernández Invited lecturer; Professional Architect degree, UPC-ETSAB (2005), PhD in Theory and History of Architecture UPCETSAB (2012); co-taught one module of Architectural History in the Spring semester. Gerardo Caballero Invited lecturer; Professional Architect degree, Universidad de Rosario, Argentina (1982); Master of Architecture, Washington University in St Louis (1986); principal of Gerardo Caballero Arquitectura, Rosario, Argentina; taught one module of Architectural History in the Spring semester. Josep María García Invited lecturer; Professional Architect degree UPC-ETSAV (2005), Master in History and Theory of Architecture UPCETSAB (2007), PhD in Architecture UPC-ETSAB (2012); taught one module of Architectural History in the Spring semester. Burke Greenwood Invited workshop leader; Architect (Barcelona and Chicago); offered workshop support sessions about portfolio design and application to graduate school process.

(Barcelona); offered a workshop photography in the Fall semester.

architectural

Celia Marín Vega Invited lecturer; Professional Architect degree, UPC-ETSAB (2008), Master in Theory and History of Architecture UPC-ETSAB (2010), PhD in the History of Architecture, Universidad Pompeu Fabra (2018); co-taught workshop sessions in field-trips to architecturally significant sites. Marta Serra Permanyer Invited lecturer; Professional Architect degree, UPC-ETSAB (2005), PhD in Theory and History of Architecture UPCETSAB (2012); co-taught one module of Architectural History in the Spring semester. Benjamin Bross Assistant Professor, Illinois School of Architecture David Emmons Visiting Lecturer, Illinois School of Architecture Jack Kelley Principal McBride, Kelley and Baurer Architects, Chicago, USA, conducted –in Paris, Amsterdam and Sicily, respectively— one-week long intensive Traveling Workshops at the beginning of the Spring semester.

Josep María de Llobet Invited workshop leader; Architectural Photographer

IASAPâ&#x20AC;˘BV Program Time line

2nd Generation: Class of 2016 1st Generation: Class of 2015

The first overseas program of the School of Architecture was in La Napoule, southern France, in 1969; the program moved to Versailles in 1970, where it operated without interruption until the 2012-2013 academic year; it moved to BarcelonaEl VallĂ¨s in the Fall of 2014.

4th Generation: Class of 2018 3rd Generation: Class of 2017

Class of 2019

1 year 8 courses 36 Students

Q: How are the studio set up in Barcelona? A: The studio has a strong European focus. We work with the context in dense urban fabrics of Barcelona as well as the building programs. For the Class of 2019, we are currently experimenting with residential project in studio, which is very different from U.S residential units. A part of the design challenges is to reflect the characteristics of European architecture. The studio uses Metric system to design and communicate so students can learn the system and work internationally.

only through intuition, and then analyzed using structures software. Once the structure is understood, the structure is described as a whole, now being able to understand its beauty in a different, enriched, manner that includes the nature of the structural behavior. Q: How are the field trips set up and organized? A: The study abroad program allows students to visit buildings first hand in person. Every course has field trips associate to it. History course, for example, has half-day field trip once a week that goes along with the lectures. We also have a multiday field trip per semester. There is a short one in Fall semester and a long one in Spring semester. The itinerary changes every year according to the courses and other activities. For the Class of 2019 Spring semester field trip, we traveled throughout Andalusia, including Cordoba, Seville and Granada and visited some of the most important architectures in the history such as the Alhambra and some contemporary buildings like the Madinat Al Zahara Museum by Nieto Sobejano.

Q: How many studio options do they have? A: In the Fall semester all students work under the guidance of a team of teachers who work collaboratively (they coteach the entire course for all students); in the Spring semester, there are two sections for the senior studio (but both sections work with the same project assignment); the small number of junior-level students works under the guidance of another teacher. Q: How are the structure courses taught in Barcelona?

Q: Tell us about the workshops:

A: Structuresâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; courses offered at the program are equivalent, in content and rigor, to the same courses offered on campus, both at the junior and senior levels. However, at the IASAP-BV, these courses are put in context by showing that structures are all around us in architecture. They are essential to properly design projects, merging/ blending order and beauty. But they also are all around us: in every object, in every natural being and in every human construction. To see so, the structures course starts by picking an everyday object or a natural being and working in finding out by intuition what is its structural behavior. Then, an outstanding Barcelonaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s architecture work is picked, and its structural behavior is studied, first

A: Workshops allowed us to take advantage of the studying abroad environment and offer student more educational opportunities. As for the Class of 2019, there are three types of workshops: the architecture urban sketching workshop, the architectural photography workshop, and the traveling workshop. The architecture urban sketching workshop this year is taught by Raimon FarrĂŠ from ETSAV. Students work in a very orchestrated sequence of assignments to improve their sketching techniques and analytical skills that ultimately ties into other courses. The architectural photography workshop consists of a series of exercises lead by a professional architecture

photographer. Students improved their photographic skill significantly just within a short amount of time. Traveling workshop is a one week long intensive workshop lead by faculty from ISoA that takes place at a European city. It had taken in cities like Paris, Rome, Budapest, Brussels…etc. For the Class of 2019, there are three options: Utrecht, Holland, Paris, France, and Sicily, Italy. The workshop focuses on one theme throughout the week. It provides students the chance to experience interesting urban setting, landscape and buildings. Q: How are the history courses taught in Barcelona? The history courses are equivalent to the ones offered on campus, but the same time take full advantage of the studying abroad setting. It includes an overview of the Catalonia Architecture from Medieval to contemporary with lectures and field trips. The assignments are more analytical compare to the history courses on campus. The class incorporates many different aspects such as contemporary theory and practice into the discussion. It has three independent autonomous modules lead by three faculty. One is the ecological urbanism that discusses the political, economical and sustainable aspect of architecture. The second one discusses building preservation with a more contemporary approach. The third one focuses on a particular discourse of architecture that analyzes and studies buildings on-site.

A: Students are lodged at a residence that is adjacent to the school. This residence houses students from different local schools (medicine, business, and architecture) and different nationalities. An internationally recognized building designed by faculty members of the ETSAV, the residence units are organized around a central planted courtyard. Housing units are approximately 440 square feet and can accommodate two students; they are equipped with kitchenette, living/dining area, a full shower/ bathroom, and individual sleeping/study areas. All daily needs –from grocery shopping, to physical recreation, entertainment, banking, and health care— can be satisfied within a 10/15-minute walk from the residence. Sant Cugat’s train station is ten minutes walking distance from the residence; it connects the town with Barcelona’s central Plaza Catalunya through a modern and efficient public transportation system.

Q: Can you tell us about the student housing?

Student work from IASAP•BV

“of Atvisiting the IASAP-BV, students have the opportunity many relevant architectural works from

all times, seeing them from very different points of view. They can always explore them on their own by just walking in and observe. But they can also enjoy them by enriching their vision with the knowledge of a historian, with the eye watch of an architectural designer, though the drawing as a draftsman, with the experience of a structural consultant, and through the camera like a photographer. The student can thus learn from architecture masterpieces, observing and absorbing them under from all these different perspectives, which –of course-- complement and enrich each other.” Marc Sanabra, IASAP-BV Professor of Structures

Sketch by Concepcion, J

Drawing by Fang, A

Student work from IASAP•BV

Sketch by Isaj, N

“theThebestacademic travel is, historically, tool to expand architectural

knowledge. From Le Corbusier to Robert Venturi, Europe provides plenty of opportunities, year after year, over and over,... In addition to this, the Illinois challenges students to learn from the European culture, the legacy of monumental heritage, and the way in which some of the most renowned firms in the world tackle the practice of architecture.” Carolina García, IASAP-BV Professor of Architectural History

Drawing by Li & Perrine & Zhou

Sketch by Hu, S

Drawing by Fang, A

Graduate Final Review

ARCHITECTURAL ILLUSTRATION

| BRUCE BONDY

â&#x20AC;&#x153;I think most people in architecture and design value and respect the skill of drawing.â&#x20AC;? -BB

ABOUT BRUCE Bruce Bondy is an architectural illustrator who grew

up in the Chicago area. After working in another industry, Bondy returned to his passion for art and

architecture through illustration. He trained at the Harrington Institute of Design and studied Classical

Academic Realism at the School of Representational Art. In his 30 years in the business he has remained committed to rendering in traditional media. He has worked with architects, urban planners, engineers

landscape architects and developers throughout the US helping to move projects forward with compelling

imagery. Today he works from both his studio and “in charrette” traveling to work from his client’s office. In addition, he also teaches drawing and visualization

skills to architects and design professionals around the country through workshops.

His home and

studio are in Northbrook, IL. He is married, with 3 grown children and an empty nest come August.

â&#x20AC;&#x153; Draw with a pen, on anything you have around

you, whenever you have a chance. Just draw. Chances are, somewhere in your history was an affinity for drawing. Reconnect with that and make it personal. â&#x20AC;?

Matt Ehlers: What originally led you to study art

was wholesale distribution of generic pharmaceuticals.

and develop your own design/illustration firm with

making a good income but felt something was missing.

history and architecture/design, and proceed to own Bondy Studio?

Bruce Bondy: I grew up with drawing. My parents met

in art school so I was drawing from my earliest years. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m told, having found a grease pencil, I drew all over

the walls from my crib, as far as I could reach. Drawing was my primary childhood activity and outlet for my imagination. I developed an interest in architecture

very early as well. I think it came from sitting in church services, bored and uninterested in the presentation I would spend a lot of time looking at the structure of

the cathedral. I certainly had the intention to become an architect from a young age. I spent a lot of my time

at the library looking at books of modern architecture:

Frank Lloyd Wright, Mies, etc. There was pressure at some point for me to join the family business, which

I was working in that business for maybe 6 years and We were expanding our operation and took over an adjacent building. The build out of the offices was my

responsibility. We hired an interior design firm and I met a very talented designer who was about my age.

He was incredibly gifted at drawing and rendering. We became friends and I discovered he taught at

Harrington Institute of Design. I discovered they had a night program so I could attend class without leaving my job.

I did pretty well, and felt very much like I

had returned home to drawing and architecture. After a semester I happened to walk into an architecture office, Decker & Kemp, in the Fine Arts Building (home

to Harrington at that time). This was about 1986. I

was with my drawing instructor from Harrington and he started telling the principals at Decker & Kemp that they should commission me to do a rendering. I had

no idea he was going to do that and was horrified.

came back with the fully completed drawing a week

they were working on and asked how much I’d charge

encouraging. I had to start over, but returned with a

To my astonishment they walked me over to a project

to do a rendering. I stumbled around and coughed up a ridiculously low price. They asked if I could draw

in pen & ink. I of course said yes, though I’d never

actually done a rendering in pen before. They gave me an old Arthur Guptill classic book “Drawing With

Pen & ink” and a copy of the plans and elevations. I had to research how to construct a perspective. I

later. Despite all the problems with it they were very

pretty good pen and ink rendering. They asked me to do another. Eventually it dawned on me that this was something I loved and that I would learn far more by

drawing for them than I would at Harrington. I offered to work for free as long as they understood that my day job came first. Today we’d say it was a free internship.

Eventually Decker & Kemp became DLK Architecture.

Representational Art (SORA). This was great training in drawing and oil painting. Long hours of cast drawing, still

life, and figure drawing through old school traditional methods. Not for everyone but it certainly trained my hand and eye in drawing and oil painting techniques. Eventually, my family sold the business and I continued to

work for the new ownership on a part time basis. Finally, the pharmaceutical business was sold again and I needed

to move on. This was now December 1995. I thought about becoming a landscape painter but was married with a newborn son and realized architectural illustration

would be more financially lucrative. I think even then I had some hesitancy about going into a career where I could see that eventually digital imaging would come to

dominate. Fortunately, hand drawn illustration was still the primary method of illustration. I quickly developed a following.

Howard Decker of DLK was instrumental

in introducing me to other firms around Chicago. The biggest limitation then was constructing perspectives by

hand. Very time consuming. I met a landscape architect,

Larry Glasscock, who was great with computer modeling

and he offered to moonlight from his day job to build my wireframe perspectives. That was a huge game changer. It greatly increased my production capability. Eventually

I brought in several artists who Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d met through SORA

to assist with production, ending up with a studio of 5 people.

ME: With 30+ years of experience as an architectural I worked with them on this basis for years, and it was great experience.

I really had to teach myself the

rendering aspect, but being in an architecture office was heaven for me. They were great supporters and

mentors. It was really learning by doing. I consider

myself self taught relative to architectural rendering. I eventually started to go to open life drawing sessions

at Tree Studios. No instruction, but I could draw from a live model. In 1992 a new school devoted to Classical Academic Realism opened. It was called the School of

illustrator, working with a plethora of firms, what were the experiences that helped you develop your graphic style?

BB: Well, without a doubt, my years at DLK were a huge influence. They were very much of a traditionalist firm. They exposed me to many classical influences that I may

not have found on my own. For example, just pushing me to draw in pen and ink led me to explore many of the old

illustrators and architects who drew with a pen: Franklin Booth, Joseph Pennell, Frank Lloyd Wright, Arthur Guptill,

Jules Guerin, but by far the biggest influence on me

choice was made for efficiency, speed, and ease in

by his pen & ink drawings. I taught myself how to

it is difficult to do much experimentation, so changes

was Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue. I was gobsmacked

draw with a pen by copying his drawings in the same

way that art students study the Old Masters. I had

correction. When you work on a deadline all the time to the practice were small, slow, and incremental.

copied a lot of Leonardo, Raphael, and Michelangelo

Another memorable influence was a project I did

student of these old pen masters. I still advocate and

+ Gordon Gill, but back then was at SOM.

drawings while at Harrington and SORA and became a teach students to learn by copying master drawings. I was of course influenced by some of the contemporary illustrators as well. Two of the greatest architectural

illustrators in history were working here at the time: Rael Slutsky had elevated pen & ink architectural rendering beyond anything else I had seen.

Also,

Gil Gorski, who at that time mostly worked in mixed

media, I believe it was airbrushed underpainting with colored pencil. You could see Gil was influenced by

Eliel Saarinen and Maxfield Parrish. Gil didn’t do much pen drawing but what he did was superb.

He’s an

amazingly versatile architect and artist who also works

in watercolor and in hybrid digital drawing techniques. Eventually I came to work with Rael for a short time and he was a powerful influence.

for Richard Wilson, who now works for Adrian Smith The

illustrations were for a project in Saudi Arabia, an “oil free, green” city.

He asked me to really focus on the

images as a storytelling process, that they should be

small and fast. More, less detailed images was better. That was a milestone for me. I did some things, like

print the drawings on toned vellum rather than white paper which changed the look of the images, but it

really brought the storytelling importance of urban

design drawing to the forefront. Ironically, I think the client ended up choosing to go with a digital approach and I only did a half dozen sketches. Nevertheless, it

changed my thinking and for that I’m very grateful to Richard.

Rael helped me

Looking back I see that my years with DLK were great

was returning to architectural practice by then. This

office and work quickly with little base information. I

get a commission with Helmut Jahn’s office.

Rael

was around 2000-2001. The project was the Burbank Media Center and everything was steel and glass. That

was really challenging for me. I thought I was going to have a nervous breakdown but managed to muddle through.

It was a great experience. I really had to

study drawing transparency and reflectivity.

One of my earliest decisions after opening my practice

was to devote a lot of attention to the depiction of landscape and entourage. We developed huge files of

entourage in my studio by going out and photographing

people and then drawing them when there was down time. My interest in landscape painting influenced my

commitment to landscape illustration. Also, we were working in a mixed media format: pen & ink rendering then colored with pastel and colored pencil.

This

training in charrette drawing. I would often go to their developed a good quick sketch drawing style which

has now come to be one of my greatest strengths. You see, back in the 90’s and early 2000’s the goal was

the big, detailed trophy rendering that might take 60+ hours to complete. That’s where the money was

and the drawings you’d want in your portfolio. That’s when a fully baked design would come out of the design studio and needed to be drawn for marketing purposes. That kind of drawing is extinct now, and would almost always be a digital illustration today. I

did my share of those, but frankly, I’m much happier

to be working on smaller, quicker drawings. I find it tedious to draw every brick on a building and every leaf on a tree.

Around 2013 I finally realized that

working from a client’s office in charrette was a much better strategy for both of us. It’s focused, efficient,

and collaborative.

Drawing is more useful early in

imaging strives to be photorealistic. Photography is

kitchen, not waiting for it to come out! That was a key

translation. It requires the artist to make storytelling

the design lifecycle.

I needed to be in the design

moment for me. It was energizing and gave me a new perspective on my role in the industry. Today, I try

to work from my client’s office rather than my studio whenever practical. Often drawings are needed before all the details are resolved. It’s much easier for the

designer and for me if I’m right there. I’ve been doing this a long time and am now often asked to improvise design, or “missing parts” of a design. I often hear

complaints about the “brain damage” factor in having to explain every detail when outsourcing rendering services, particularly overseas. I think the convenience

of working with me right there is a factor for some clients. I just feel it has made me a better practitioner and added to my enjoyment of my work. I find it much

more focused and efficient when I’m there. Out of

town charrettes are even better. I call them working vacations.

I get exposed to a broader group of

professionals and have a better view of the profession by working within multiple offices.

One of my first

charrette clients was Christopher Diehl who was the Director of Design for URS Corporation in Cleveland

at that time (around 2003). He has described what I

do as Collaborative Ideation. I love the collaborative aspect of it. I think this many years of drawing for so many offices has made me better at design. I’m like

the professional golf caddy who is out on the course every day.

Your name is on the scorecard but my

experience can be useful.

ME: In my opinion, some architecture programs

consider hand drawing less important than computer

generated imagery. Others consider it a lost art form. Could you tell us your opinion on how the world of architecture and design view illustrations?

BB: I joke that it’s as if I speak Latin because I still draw.

I see drawing as an entirely different language

than computer generated images.

100

Most digital

the ultimate tool of transcription. Drawing is one of decisions, to make selective choices in to what to

put in, what to leave out, what to elevate, and what

to diminish. It requires a lot of practice to become proficient.

As for the “lost art form” I suspect

representational drawing instruction suffered from the trend towards modernism and abstraction in art. I’ve heard many artists say they were looked down upon in their college art departments looking to draw in a

traditional way. There has been a resurgence of interest

in representational art. Look at three trends over the

last 20 years: plein air painting, urban sketching, and classical realism ateliers which are popping up all over.

There are fewer people left able to teach traditional

drawing techniques in colleges. The appeal and power of digital imaging is understandable, but I see it as an

additional tool in the box rather than a replacement. Soon we’ll have hyper realistic immersive 3D virtual

experiences for architecture. Without a doubt there are some incredibly skillful digital illustrators. But, you

still have to design it and drawing is the language of visualization and design. What you learn by drawing

will make you better at design and better able to understand and use digital tools. So drawing still has its place. I know most employers still place a value

on the skill, even if many architecture programs have diminished it. It takes a lot of time, and every year there is more and more to squeeze into those programs.

So when to use hand drawing over a computer generated image? Think of it this way: Drawing tells

a story in a different way. It’s an artistic choice. It has emotional and romantic qualities difficult to achieve in digital photorealism. It can allow a viewer to more

actively participate in the image by allowing them to fill in details. So, if a project is still more conceptual

than finished or if one doesn’t want the viewer to be distracted by details that may not yet be resolved a

hand drawn image may be a good option. Or, human

activity, say an urban design approach is important,

where activity is the focus and architecture is the

backdrop drawing can be ideal. I find the depiction of people in most digital images looks a little forced or

like a collage. This may be my personal bias, but I think drawing knits together the elements more seamlessly.

Plus, in a lot of urban design drawing there isn’t much

architecture designed and you still have to fill that space in the image. Certainly a bigger portion of my work

is urban design drawing. More architects choose to produce their illustrations themselves through digital

tools. Sometimes I work on very large projects where there may be very detailed digital images but they still

ask me to do sketches to represent the ideas or the

thought process to supplement the presentation. I’m

also seeing a big trend toward use of black and white sketches. By its nature its somewhat abstract. It’s fast and much easier to leave details out or be ambiguous but still get to a compelling, user friendly image. I’ll

often do 5-6 black and white perspectives or more in a day if we have some basic 3D model to work from. It’s the one skill I really try to teach in my workshops, this

quick sketch abbreviated drawing style. After years of doing these quick drawings as a preliminary sketch for

myself to prepare for a more finished drawing I now see this as its own art form: efficient and compelling at

a fraction of the time. I’m thrilled more clients seem to want to use them as part of their presentation. Again, it’s just another artistic choice.

I think most people in architecture and design value and respect the skill of drawing.

I encounter few

people that say drawing has no place anymore. Some architects believe they have to always present

themselves on the cutting edge of technology so there are firms that would rarely or never allow drawings to

represent their ideas. That’s a choice. Certainly I have lost clients that have chosen to represent their work exclusively through digital imaging. Some of my best

clients are very sophisticated in their use of drawing. They may use my renderings in the earliest phases

101

when a degree of ambiguity is desirable or when the

their skills have eroded. I suspect most people in the

progresses they then shift to digital imaging.

the first place and pictured themselves drawing as part

romantic qualities are more important. As the project That

makes sense to me. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s be realistic too. Sometimes it comes down to cost and a person in house to produce

design professions had some affinity for drawing in of their job.

an adequate digital image may be good enough to

I see drawing as a vital part of the training of any

can sometimes come in and do quick black and white

how to see, to understand the visual world, and a way

get the job done. That can work the other way also. I

sketches over a bare bones model and produce user friendly images more cost effectively than the client can.

Digital tools have put rendering in the hands of

many more people. Drawing takes persistent, regular

practice. People with my training and experience are

design professional.

Drawing is a part of learning

of expressing and developing ideas; learning how to

think visually. Drawing is also critical in the ability to communicate effectively with clients and colleagues.

We may not all be able to write like Shakespeare but we can still speak the language.

now few and far between. Because I teach drawing

ME: How do you plan to continue to inspire

about the lack of basic drawing skills of emerging

professional work?

skills to design professionals I hear a lot of lamenting professionals. Or, I hear people complain that they

used to draw but donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have the time anymore and

102

professionals to incorporate hand drawing into their

BB:

I see two parts to that question: First, how to

inspire professionals to continue to use drawing

One would think that a lifetime of using our eyes we

how does my skill set remain relevant to architectural

precision. Just sit and draw what is before you and

in some way as part of their practice and secondly, presentation.

A hand drawing is now unusual. When I make sales calls I just bring a tube of original artwork. It’s amazing

the response that gets. People love seeing the original handmade artifact. A screen is the great equalizer and

a small sketch or a large format rendering are seen at the same scale. Seeing an original drawing makes an interesting impression.

Even hand drawings end as

digital products, being scanned and reproduced.

I encourage architects and design professionals to continue to draw. Here are my 5 reasons: 1.

would naturally see what is before us with clarity and within minutes you will be astonished at how much

more is there, and how different it may appear than you expected. The detail may be almost overwhelming.

You may notice subtlety, texture, color that you’d not previously noticed.

As you begin to translate

to paper you will almost immediately struggle with measurement and proportion.

You’ll be feeling

pressure to transcribe or translate what is before you. You will quickly realize seeing is a skill and drawing is

a language. Fortunately, regular practice will lead to greater facility. 2.

To visualize, articulate, and nurture ideas

through a process of exploration and discovery.

To develop the ability to see with greater

accuracy.

In his book “On Writing,” which I highly recommend,

Stephen King equates writing to the excavation of a

103

fossil, as an idea that is there below the surface waiting to be released.

In that sense, drawing can often be

used to engage with our own subconscious mind. Ideas can come to the surface through drawing when

one has pen and paper at hand and the willingness to explore. Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t wait for an idea to come to you before picking up paper.

The Muse is more likely to visit

those who are already at work.

3. To more effectively communicate with colleagues and clients. By far the most pragmatic of reasons I hear from

design professionals for drawing is the need to be able to communicate in real time directly with a client. You

inspire confidence when you can reflect your dialogue

in a sketch. The legendary napkin sketch does not need to be a masterpiece to express and document an emerging idea. So many times have I heard anecdotes

that designers went to a presentation with a finished

rendering but the client threw them a curveball and the ability to spontaneously sketch a response saved the day. 4.

To document design ideas.

Would you even think to ask a lawyer to describe your

design in words? Wrong language. Drawing is the perfect tool to act as the midwife to an emerging idea. 5.

To develop visual intelligence and fluency.

Or we could call it design intelligence. What you learn

through drawing will carry over to the use of digital tools. What makes us better at drawing is also part

and parcel with good design. For years, I worked with assistants in a studio environment. I struggled with each project at some point where I simply couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t

explain to my colleagues what to do next. I would need to sit down and draw my way out of the problem.

I saw this as some kind of personal character flaw or a

104

sign of my own inexperience. Eventually, my thinking

enjoyable.

is a degree of problem solving required. We need to

Bach, but learning to play one of his compositions on

changed. What happens is that in each drawing there confront a problem with artistic experience, creativity, and a degree of instinct: a weighing of the risks of trying something outside our comfort zone with a vision for the finished product.

That’s the work of

an artist, like running interval quarters might be for a miler. You need to feel some pain, some degree of

struggle and anxiety. You need to push the boundaries of your own limitations. It’s not always a coast to the finish line, certainly not if you wish to improve your

skills. Design ability is hard earned through hours and hours of practice. That’s my lecture on why to draw.

ME: You are also able to teach design professionals hand drawing and visualization skills in workshops.

What are some of your approaches to the workshops

to help architects and designers better understand visualization through illustration? .

BB: Drawing workshops are challenging. It’s a little

like taking a drink out of a firehose. Try learning French in a weekend. I teach basic principles and then ask the students to immediately try them. I then become

more of a coach than a teacher. What really has to happen is students need to be inspired to continue

to draw on a regular basis and to have some clear objectives on what to do. I give them exercises and ask them to do them repetitively. I ask them to draw

I see it as taking private lessons from

your role model artist.

I could never write music like

classical guitar is extraordinarily useful. There is no

stigma or expectation when learning music to play compositions. I think some people have a problem with copying for learning purposes.

Obviously you

don’t want to pass on a copy as your own work.

For

imaginative drawing it helps to be comfortable with axonometric and perspective skills.

I work hard to

teach them to see the underlying structure and form, in a skill I call Analytical Drawing which is the link between comparative and imaginative drawing.

I teach people to use abbreviated drawing techniques.

How to approach translation rather than transcription. Beginners want to transcribe every detail.

It takes

practice to learn what to leave in and what to omit. I teach simple 3D skills, perspective. I teach lighting

and casting shadows. Basics. Getting them to see

drawing as a language and that they need to practice on a regular basis. If you practiced French every day

for a few years you’d develop a degree of proficiency. I say the same is true of drawing. Again, we can’t all write like Shakespeare but we can speak the language.

ME: What is one piece of advice you have for young architects and designers?

every moment they can. All you need is pen and a

BB:

plenty of exercises. I give them “productive doodling”

are, somewhere in your history was an affinity for

piece of paper and a willingness to draw. There are assignments.

I teach Comparative and Imaginative

drawing techniques. Simply, comparative is drawing what we see, imaginative is drawing from your imagination. Some of my Academic Realism training

is very useful with comparative techniques: sight size,

Draw with a pen, on anything you have around

you, whenever you have a chance. Just draw. Chances drawing. Reconnect with that and make it personal. I believe that by drawing you will be better at whatever you do in the profession and you will derive deeper

satisfaction from your practice as a design professional.

values, edges, proportion, visual measurement, etc.

Copying from masters is great practice and very

105

Hartshorne Plunkard Architecture (HPA) State & Walton

106

Aurora, IL - Arts Incubator Project

107

HPA - Minneapolis Student Housing

108

109

Ethos Workshop, College Square

Holzheimer, Bolek & Meehan, Roanoke Virginia Library

CSO Architects, Deco on Mass - Indianapolis, IN

110

CSO - Deco on Mass

111

Yas Architecture - Edplex, Paris, IL

112

113

HPA - Toronto Mixed Use Project

114

Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning (CMAP) - Aurora, IL - Streetscape

Equity Schools - Third Space - Chicago, IL

115

HPA - 1230 Washington

116

117

HPA - Toronto Mixed Use Project

118

119

CMAP - Aurora

Yas Architecture - Edplex Interior

RDg Planning + Design - Waterworks - Des Moines, IA

120

HPA - 659 Dearborn

121

URS Corp. - Cleveland - Alt. for Oberlin College Music School

122

Harboe Architects - FLW Blossom House

Harboe Architects - FLW McArthur House

123

KEO International - Al Ain - United Arab Emirates

124

125

HPA - Cleveland West End Market

126

HPA - Evanston