Ringo chan 699873 final journal by Ringo Chan

CONTENTS Introduction Part A: Design Futuring Computational Design Generative Design Conclusion Learning outcomes Algorithmic Sketches Part B: Research Field Case Study 1.0 Case Study 2.0 Technique: Development Technique: Prototypes Technique: Proposal Learning Outcome Algorithmic Sketches Part C: Design Concept Tectonic Elements Final Detail Model Learning Outcomes

About Me WORK HARD n DREAM BIG. This is my motto after I get into architectural study. Although it makes me busy and gives me some pressure throughout the year, what I have done is far more than my expectation. It was quite confusing sometimes when the project which you pay a lot of effort on was banned by the professor but it always provides chances for you to think in a better way and so do I. It was really incredible that I can find my dream here and the feeling was so cool. I found my way and I really enjoyed studying in this subject. There is nothing better than doing study with my dream. I really want to achieve a higher level and learn as much as I can. So I can do more contributions to the society and give some more different to the citizens. As the city style in Hong Kong, the place I grew is worsening, people are full of dissatisfaction and most of the people are actually not doing what they want, the passion of life or meaning of life is being twisted. People in the same tower never try to know each other, the anger toward the government grow in the days and what they are looking for is just an isolated block from the society. And I think I should do something to it, even just a little bit of it. Started from the day I chose architecture study as my road. I find my target here, which is do better design to the city and make a better living environment for the people. And this is what we should do, as a professional.

‘THIS IS WHAT WE SHOULD DO, AS A PROFESSIONAL’

CONCEPT UALISTION

PART A

Design futuring: Who design our future?

WHO DESIGN OUR FUTURE? ‘Everything has an end, no matter what, it is just the matter of time.’ As the technology keeps developing, the things that we do will quickly affect the coming years. Although the situation of the world is being proved that we are now in a high time for us to save our world, people do not want to scarify their living quality to repair the existing problem. So you may ask, ‘How can we turn it on the right trick?’ Design is a definitely the key element to cure this situation what we design will exist in the future. To a certain extend, the future is in our hand. When we come to this point, we have to think very carefully before our design is finalized as anyone of them can change a little of the existing environment. We all know that the resource is limited. A good design should always design with the sense of danger and take all the things into account and then turn all the things become yours design, which suits for the society.1 Design intelligence Through design intelligence, we can read though the qualities of form and content of the design environment, so as to make judgment for the design.2 But now when we talk about design intelligence, it is just about the surface of the things and still have a lot to work on. The design theory is very narrow and lacks focus. Most of the design works are done by

the designer who was worked in the economical position. They didn’t take the sustainability into account but the profit they can earn. This do damage to the world and we need a change on it. Maintaining freedom is indivisible from the current society, but things seem going worse if we keep scarifying the limited resources which we now own and our future will be invisible to us. To deal with this problem, we should make changes to the current design trend, and the most effective method is by education, from the reason of design, to how it could react with the environment and then to the magnitude of the action in the world.3 Raise of the computation After the industrial revolution in eighteenth century, different kind of intelligence was made as the solution to the design problems, design experience and deliver design tools.4 This kind of advanced technology is enabling the knowledge embedded in contemporary design skills. Such as rendering, photographic retouching, graphic design etc. At the same time, we, as a human should have ability to filter the design data generated form the cold machine, avoid overlooking the design, give some temperature to it, and also try to make it as a sustainable one by every effort.

Case study: Garden by the bay, 2012, Singapore, Wilkinson Eyre Zayed National Museum, 2016, Abu Dhabi, Foster

ZAYED NATIONAL MUSEUM Abu Dhabi, (2016), Foster+partner

Zayed National Museum, resonating to the love of nature. “We have sought to establish a building that will be an exemplar of sustainable design, resonating with Sheikh Zayed’s love of nature and his wider heritage.” – Foster They want to combine the conventional design in Arab into the museum so as to imitate the local culture and maintain the Sheikh’s architecture and love for the environmental conservation. The museum will become the core of Saadiyat Island Cultural District, with the showcase of the history, culture and the social aspect. The design is passive design combined with a highly efficient, contemporary form design so as to build a sustainable, welcoming and culturally museum of it place. Featuring a landscaped garden around its base. Layered plantation will be carried out around the museum to create an oasis-like view. A garden and pedestrian walkway will connect the museum to the coast.5 The plants are also being careful selecting for landscaping which are drought-tolerant, salt tolerant and humidity tolerant in the purpose to suit the climate in Dhabi. With the aim of making it as a long lasting and sustainability design, the environmental features have been combined into the design of the museum to minimize the amount of the use of energy for the artificial lighting and temperature control. The five towers can act as a thermal chimney, by heating up to draw cool air through the complex. The orientation of the tower is also designed to maximize of the sunlight to get into the interior and the shape of the façade will then reflect them to the gallery places.6

Singapore, Garden in the City, with the high-rise greenery. Digital Technology, rising global city competition and changing functions of the central business districts (CBD) have resulted in dynamic and rapid evolution of the city core function today. The sustainable development issue is addressed as to how sustainable economic development is justified against the controversial sustainable social development issue.7 The Singapore government’s plan is to transform Singapore into a garden city. It envisions Singapore as a luxurious green with striking new parks, and tries to use them as the connectors to the whole city, by using those eye-catching vertical and high-rise greenery. They expect this project can bring five million visitors a year. Paul Baker, Director with responsibility for the project at Wilkinson Eyre said: ‘Sustainability was our starting point for Bay South Garden. To house an organization focused on preserving ecology in a building with a huge carbon footprint caused by air conditioning would have been madness. In my opinion, our design represents an unprecedented integration of sustainability principles into a structure of this size. This is a remarkable project with staggering ambition. It will play a big part in Singapore’s future, not just as a centre for trade, but also as a travel destination.’ 8 This is the best example to show our future can be the best selling point and benefit our city to a very large extend only if we have a good planning. Though the initial cost is high but the better future is already the best return to the city or even to the earth. 12

GARDEN BY THE BAY Singapore, (2012), Wilkinson Eyre

PART A

Computational design: Not Computerization, but Computation

NOT COMPUTERIZATION, BUT COMPUTATION. In the 21th century, the expansion of the use of computer is far more than what we expect. Unsurprisingly, this phenomenon also occurred in the architecture industry, to a very large extend of use. Then, question being keep asking after the day when computer started to aid the architecture, which is to what extend should we apply them into the design process. Best Assistant Ever ‘A digital computer, is essentially, the same as a huge army of clerks, equipped with rule books, pencil and paper, all stupid and entirely without initiative, but be able to follow exactly million of precisely defined operations.’ - Alexander, C9 I think this is the best answer for the question. As architect is human, although they have enough memories to remember all the experiences of their profession, but they cannot recall them at any moment.10 With the help of the computer, architect can handle more information at the same time. Thus, the time used for the design stage can be shorten as once they key in the data and limitation in the computer, the product can appear in the form of 3D interaction immediately. It can help to catch up with the fast growing demand from the people and even lead them to a better living style.

Accuracy Since the program can generate all the information which is necessary for the architecture, such as the analysis, fabrication and time-based information for the construction. We can have a better control to the construction processes.11 The high accuracy level of the drawing can help to communicate in between the builder and the architect so as to minimize the possibility of the human error. In this way, the whole construction process can be carried out smoothly and speed up the speed of construction.12 Complexity In order to make a healthier living environment for the people, we must move on using some advanced skill to help us to make a better design. Computation can add complexity to the design as all the details and data can be calculated and tested with the help of computerization. By using different program like 3D Max, Rhinos and Maya, the form of building, the façade of building and even the structure can have more possibility to build. It doesn’t mean that computation can replace the design duty of the architect but it can help to create more possibility for the building by following the logic of the one who masters it. After all, it is just a tool.

Case study: Burnham Pavilion,Chicago, 2009, Zaha Walt Disney Concert Hall, Los Angeles, 2003, Frank Gehry15

When we are talking about computation, Zaha may immediately appear in you mind. “The Burnham Plan Centennial is all about celebrating the bold plans and big dreams of Daniel Burnham’s visionary Plan of Chicago. It’s about reinvention and improvement on an urban scale and about welcoming the future with innovative ideas and technologies. Our design continues Chicago’s renowned tradition of cutting edge architecture and engineering, at the scale of a temporary pavilion, whilst referencing the organizational systems of Burnham’s Plan. The structure is aligned with a diagonal in Burnham’s early 20th Century Plan of Chicago. We then overlay fabric using contemporary 21st Century techniques to generate the fluid, organic form – while the structure is always articulated through the tensioned fabric as a reminder of Burnham’s original ideas.” - Zaha13 This is a typical example which was created by the combination of multiple layer of farming. The complex form for this pavilion required taking many calculations into account like the grading of the materials or the structural support of this pavilion. With the help of the computation, we can easily transfer them from digital data to a physical body (3D).

For the purpose of celebrating the centenary of the 1909 Plan of Chicago which is planned by Daniel Burnham, This Burnham Pavilion was built in 2009. This pavilion was tracing the characteristic of the plan. From the spatial structure, we can find there are full of the feeling of the Plan, the bold and historic urban planning. Although the design is modeled by some computer programming, the main theme of it still relays on the human thought. It is a human touched design, with some core value in it.14

BURNHAM PAVILION Chicago, USA, (2009) , Zaha Hadid Architects

WALT DISNEY CONCERT HALL Los Angeles, CA , (2003) , Frank Gehry

Frank Gehry, the one who bring the drawing architecture come true. Frank gehry was one of the earliest architects trying to use the computation process to visualize his complex sculptural forms. The three-dimension modeling program can help him to break the limitation for the design of the Walt Disney Concert Hall. And this brings architecture into a whole new world. The twisting, silvery surface both have become the signature of Frank.15 There are numerous elements that will decide whether the architecture is buildable or not, indubitably, accuracy is one of the fundamental components to transform the idea come true. The more complex of the building, the more accuracy is required during the process of design and construction. Not only will the construction cost can be reduced, but also the possibility of the error occur will be minimized. Thus, the technic used for the Walt Disney Concert is definitely a milestone for the advanced technology. Even this building required to use a lot of different program to build, the design of this building is actually start with making the paper models and sketches, and all these is what Frank used to develop the idea of his buildings. Then, with the help of the computer, the complicated structure can be found. As no one knows how long will the building exist, having a firm structure is unquestionably a must for each of the architecture. This is the probably the strongest reason why we have to adopt using such kind of technology for the design processes. We use it not because of it can generate what we want automatically, but to provide to the basic data a building needed. Such as the angle of the curves, columns and beams. Without the help with computation. We may suffered from this complicated form of architecture.

PART A

Generative design: Design with logic rules.

DESIGN WITH LOGIC RULES. Parametric design system usually regards as generative equipment in the architectural industry. All of them are algorithmically based. We can use them in changing the design criteria and requirement to make parametric models especially useful. Because of this reason, many people often mis-understand it is emerging architectural style rather than a computational tool. In fact, It can raise the level of the effectiveness for the design process by providing the information we need.16 Four elements Generative systems are said to lead formation over form, which indicates a major turn from the modeling of a designed “object” to modeling of the design’s “logic”.17 Generative process require four essentials, which are input, rules, output, and the variable. By giving the condition and the parameter, the computer can produce some different outcome through different rules of the input data, and after that, we can sort out which one is the best for choosing. “architectures generate “new” designs, therefore, highly dependent on the designer’s perceptual and cognitive abilities, as continuous, dynamic processes ground the emergent form” - Kolarevic18 Algorithmically based Since it is algorithmically based, algorithmic think-

ing do relevance to the concept of the generative design. It can automatically duplicate and create form, design variable, structural data by follow a logic flow. With the faster computer or better logic, we can increase the productivity of the design. As parametric design is under the algorithmic design, with the same operation of the parametric, the result we get will also be the same. So, what we can do it to play around with those parameter vales to make some changes to the design, fine-toning them to a optimal design. Way to go So far the generative design system is yet to investigate in very detail way and there still have many rooms waiting for the designer to move in. It’s true that the way of design with this powerful tool keep being explored, it will rapidly invade to our design industry in the near future. With the fast growing knowledge about the generative design, what architect can do is to master the definition of the tool in a more comprehensive manner. All in all, parametric design is based on algorithmic and this won’t offer us infinite possibility to the design. They should keep their professional understanding to the building, keep a critical mind to them, some as to do design in a effective way with the help of these tool during the design process.

Case study: Arab World Institute, France , 1987, Jean Nouvel Serpentine gallery pavilion, London, 2002, Toyo Ito

ARAB WORLD INSTITUTE France , (1987), Jean Nouvel

The shutter of the eyes, combine the mechanical system into the aesthetic part. “Patterns have been covering architectural surfaces since time immemorial, in the same way that they have been spread all over manmade objects. The human body was perhaps the first surface to receive designed patterns. Architectural patterns thus have a broad and deep lineage, and one should not expect them to have any well-defined, unitary function. As patterns evolve they acquire new functions and lose their prior functions, or new functions are superimposed upon older ones.” Schumacher19 A well-known example for the generative design is the Arab World Institute. This building is a very first one who makes use of the computational design to the architectural design. “It offers a high degree of geometric control combined with ability to rapidly generate variations”.20 At that time, it was a new style to the architectural industry, the induction of the parametric design methods and the new manufacturing skill has turned a new leaf of the architectural design and stimulated so many experiments start in the industry. With the help of the program, we can generate more complex form of building or facade and we can predict how is perform in the reality. Jean Nouvel applied a mechanical shutter system to the facade, which designed to open and close according to the sun location. Each of the system acts like a camera lens by adopting the photocells to block the sunlight from the exterior. This system combined the mechanical system into the aesthetic part of the whole building, under the rules generated by the sun path.

Serpentine gallery pavilion, the floacting slab in London. This pavilion showed the aesthetic of complexity on its structural design. This is a typical case of how the building formed my means of making around the different rules to find out the optimal design. The idea of this building isâ&#x20AC;&#x153;make a floating slab without any other structure part apart form the facadeâ&#x20AC;?. The traditional column is disappeared and the facade itself acts as the only structure for the whole building. The main question is how the facade with voids can support the slab without any other help? Ito then collaborated with the ARUP team to see if there is any method to do this. And they finally solved this problem by the mean of geometric algorithm, through drawing the lines in a ration (1/2 to 1/3) between different sides of the square. By keep drawing the same pattern, the squares are totally embedded in the other one with a trend of rotation. A very complicated pattern will be formed on the plan, followed by extending the lines the squares. When applying the crossing line to a box plane, and since the geometry is acting the base of the structure, it formed a relatively rigid frame by folding of the lines. So the material of all the lines can used a minimum of steel flat. This is another example to examine that the generative design can offer great freedom to the design by adding some randomness on it which is so hard to imagine on a human brain. The unpredictable complexity can somehow simulate the design to have a better understanding to the 3D model with those design data. Not only the complexity form, but also help to contribute to the design process. 24

SERPENTINE GALLERY PAVILION London, UK, (2002) , Toyo Ito

PART A

Conclusion: Age of Computation + Learning Outcomes

AGE OF COMPUTATION. Conclusion As we are now living in the New Media Age, the computational design will happened more and more. With the help of the digital design tools, architect can create some new form of the design to fulfill the growing demand from the people. As the resources are limited, the design of the building should be all-rounded one and try to minimize the waste of energy during the construction process so as to make our future to be a visible one. And this is the reason why computational design is become more and more popular in the current industry. Also, it can generate complex form by giving condition and rule to it, from producing the product in a totally new style, it can simulate the creativity of designer to certain extend. Apart from the outlook of the building, computational design also help to solve some of the structural problem through a computerization. With the calculation about the loading, it can generate a list of accurate structural data to help the designer to choose the suitable material for use, so as to obtain the best result with the minimum resources. Also, in some time the structural part can be combined to it aesthetic part of the building through careful adjustment to the parameter for the generation process.

Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s true that the digital design tool do help us a lot in the progressing process, but we have to bare in mind that we are the one who do design, as a human but not the machine. We acquired the professional knowledge, and we should do better design with the help of the powerful tools. Learning Outcome Through these few weeks, I reading through a lot readings and it is actually quite hard for me to mange, but I do gain quite a lot of idea about the computational design and how we can apply them to the design without overusing them. I was inspirited by this kind of design method because it makes me think of many different ways to my design, not just a conceptual one but also a particle one. Furthermore, I spent most of the time to watch the tutorial video in order to strengthen my grasshopper skill and I got a some ideas about what is it finally. By learning the great work, I try to grasp the mind map of how it work and learn from them. During learning this software, I got so many ideas in my mind and I will try to model them into a real one.

PART A

Algorithmic Sketch

Curve division, Offset, Extrude, Jitter, Trim After drawing a few line in rhinos, I put them into grasshoper and divided them into few sections. Then I linked them up to from a serious of square and offseted them to form a smaller square. By finding the mid point of each section, I can break down the square into four part and the extrude them up to form the base. By using the same curve from the rhinos, I pulled them up and used jitter to variate the level of them. Finally, I formed this model by trimmin the two things together.

R=D

Point, Circle, Cull, Voronoi, Extrude By means of using the serious to make the dot pattern, I try to create some more pattern by using cull pattern. Then I used the distance difference in between the center point to each point to be the radius as the circle with the control of the division of number. After getting all the points from the serious of dot and cull pattern tools, I used voronoi tool to make some voronoi cells. By finding the area of the cells, we can use it as the Z-vector to extrude the voronoi cell to form the below model.

R=d/5

R=d/10

R=d/15

R=d/20

N=1

N=5

N=15

N=20

N=25

Gird, Distance, Pick and choose, Pipe By creating gird and points, we got a seriour of intersection points with those pinch points. Then I find out the distance in between the intersection points and the pinch points, I try to pull the points in a specified radial range. After removing the points with the same coordination, I just connected them up and make a new pinched grid. Lastly, I applied the pipe and mesh function to solidify them into a 3D model.

Content Reference: 1. Fry, Tony. Design futuring: sustainability, ethics, and new practice. English ed. Oxford: Berg, 2009. P.5-9 2. Schumacher, Patrik. The autopoiesis of architecture a new framework for architecture. Chichester: Wiley, 2011. P.2 3. Fry, Tony. Design futuring: sustainability, ethics, and new practice. English ed. Oxford: Berg, 2009. P.11-13 4. Schumacher, Patrik. The autopoiesis of architecture a new framework for architecture. Chichester: Wiley, 2011. P.2 5. “Zayed National Museum, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.” Zayed National Museum, Abu Dhabi. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Aug. 2014. <http://www.designbuild-network.com/projects/zayednationalmuseuma/>. 6. “Zayed National Museum, Abu Dhabi Building - e-architect.” earchitect RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Aug. 2014. <http://www.e-architect.co.uk/dubai/zayed-national-museum>. 7. Wong, T. C. (2008). Integrated resort in the central business district of Singapore: The land use planning and sustainability issues. In Spatial planning for a sustainable Singapore. P.59-78 8. Eyre, J A, and A R Wilkinson (2012). “British-led team completes 54-hectare Bay South Garden in Singapore.”. P,1-4. Singapore, Garden by the Bay. Web. 17 Aug. 2014. 9. Alexander, C. (1964). Notes on the Synthesis of Form (Vol. 5). Harvard University Press. 10. Architecture’s new media: principles, theories, and methods of computer-aided design. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. P.2-3 11. Architecture in the digital age: design and manufacturing. New York, NY: Spon Press. P.8 12. Architecture’s new media: principles, theories, and methods of computer-aided design. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. P.8 13. “Burnham Pavilion / Zaha Hadid.” ArchDaily. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Aug. 2014. <http://www.archdaily. com/33110/burnham-pavilion-zaha-hadid/>. 14. Khalili, P., & Maymind, A. (2010). Urban Follies: Technology and The Apolitical. Log, 119-123. 15. Borden, G. P., & Meredith, M. (Eds.). (2012). Matter: material processes in architectural production. Routledge. P.191-192

16. Dino, İ. G. (2012). Creative Design Exploration by Parametric Generative Systems in Architecture. Metu Jfa, 1, 207. 17. Leach, Neil.(2009) “Digital Morphogenesis.”Architectural Design 79.1. P. 32-37 18. Kolarevic, Branko. Architecture in the digital age: design and manufacturing. New York, NY: Spon Press, 2003. 19. Schumacher, P. (2009) ‘Parametric Patterns’, AD Patterns of Architecture, Vol 79, 6:28-41. 20. Schumacher, Patrik. The autopoiesis of architecture a new framework for architecture. Chichester: Wiley, 2011 21. Balmond, Cecil. Cecil Balmond: 2002-2006. Tokyo: a+u Publishing Co, 2006. Print. 22. “SERPENTINE PAVILION // CASE STUDY | Collective Architects.” SERPENTINE PAVILION // CASE STUDY | Collective Architects. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Aug. 2014. <http://www.collectivearchitects.eu/ blog/77/serpentine-pavilion-case-study>. Picture Reference: Zayed National Museum: “Foster + Partners.” Zayed National Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Aug. 2014. <http://www.fosterandpartners.com/projects/zayed-national-museum/>. Garden By the Bay: “Gardens by the Bay.” Gardens by the Bay. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Aug. 2014. <http:// www.gardensbythebay.com.sg/en/home.html>. Burnham Pavilion: “Burnham Pavilion by UNStudio.” Burnham Pavilion » UNStudio. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Aug. 2014. <http://www.unstudio.com/projects/burnham-pavilion>. Walt Disney Concert Hall: “AD Classics: Walt Disney Concert Hall / Frank Gehry.” ArchDaily. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Aug. 2014. <http://www.archdaily.com/441358/ad-classics-walt-disney-concert-hall-frankgehry/>. Arab World Institute: “AS.ARCHITECTURE-STUDIO.” ARCHITECTURE STUDIO. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Aug. 2014. <http://www.architecture-studio.fr/en/projects/pastb1/arab_world_inst Serpentine Gallery Pavilion Serpentine Gallery Pavilion: “Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2002 / Toyo Ito + Cecil Balmond + Arup.” ArchDaily. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Aug. 2014. <http://www.archdaily.com/344319/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2002-toyo-ito-cecil-balmond-arup/>.

CRITERIA DESIGN

PART B

Research Fields : Sectioning: Metaball

SECTIONING: METABALL History Metaballs are formed through computation calculation, it is an organic n-dimensional bodies. Jim Blinn is the one who created the meatball in the early 1980s. The use of metaball became popular during the 1990s. There are groups of passionate programmers and artists applied the technic of metaball in the aspect of graphical and musical effects. Through this, the viewers and the programmers started to explore how can the effect was applied in different industry. Definition Every single metaball is defined as a function in N-direction and most of the people defined them in the three (x,y,z) or two dimension (x,y) metaball function. All the two-dimension metaball and isosurfaces are referring to the three-dimension one and it is very easily to modify to 2 dimensions.1 This is a geometry form built by many implicit surfaces, it cannot use a particular mathematical equation to express the formation of metaball but instead, they are sharped by steping up the isosurfaces or contours according to the energy field from some points or lines.

while the energy level will keep decreasing with the distance away from the centre point.2 Energy range is then represented in the form of the surfaces of the metaball with a particular energy value. Because of this, the surface of metaball is always formed by planar rather than a smooth surface. Application The use of metaball can be found in many modelling design nowadays, they are frequently used in designing the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;sticky organic shapeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, they usually formed the form of bleeding together when putting it close to the other mataball.3 Rules In order to make it work, there are few things needed to be the perimeter for this function: 1, Point, the highest energy point, which formed a energy field to merge or reject the other points. 2, Plan, the isosurface of the metaball are formed according to the number of planar. 3, Threshold, the size of the metaball, like the radius of it and it become infinity when it become 0.

The energy in the centre consider as the highest

PART B

Case study 1.0

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,0) (0,0)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 1

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: Step: 2

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (3,0) (0,3)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 3

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: Step: 1.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (6,0) (0,6)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 6

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: Step: 1

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 9

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: Step: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (12,0) (0,12)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: Step: 0

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (0.5,3)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 1.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 0.75 Accuracy: 0

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 1.25

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 0.75 Accuracy: 1

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (2.5,3)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 1

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 0.75 Accuracy: 3

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (3.5,3)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 0.75

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 0.75 Accuracy: 5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (4.5,3)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan in Z-direction: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 0.75 Accuracy: 7 41

SELECTION CRITERIA

36 42

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan: 12 Step: 1

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) 4. No. of plan: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 0.75

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (9,0) (0,9) No. of plan: 12 Step: 1 Isocurve interaction: (1.5,3) Threshold: 0.75 Accuracy: 7

Selection criteria All the samples are developed from the pervious row of samples by adjusting another perimeter to control the variation step by step. For the first one, I selected it based on its optimum interval distance (step) to each of the isosurface. For the second one, I selected it based on the location of the interaction point of the metaball. It created a symmetric curvy shape of the metaball with a tipped top and base. Then the third selection is based on the radius of the metaball (threshold). With this radius, the connection of the metaball just created a circulation automatically. And the last one, it was selected base on the smoothness of the isosurface (accuracy). In this way, the metaball can be fabricate and construct easier with less accuracy to the curve. So my design, I will try to make use of these three perimeter as my main control tool.

DESIGN POTENTIAL

Space forming By stepping up the contours, a hollow space can be formed and adjust the interval in between them. In this way, we can easily produce an outline of the building. By changing the intersection point of the metaball, the shape can be varied into a circular or a tiny one. Architecture feature With the perimeter of the contour lines, we can use it as the shelter of the metaball so that it can provide some shading effect into the building in the site, which is a relatively open space in surrounding. The circular shape of the building provides a smooth surface of the building and the linkage in between to metaball. It keeps these two things in the same style which create a sense of consequence for the people to walk along as the circulation path. By adjusting the accuracy of the curve, we can divide the contours into different sections so as to make it easier for the fabrication, construction and the transportation process. And this can save the resource and reduce the material waste during those periods. For the solar energy generation, the solar cell can be applied in the surface of the metaball so than it can obtain the sun energy in the daytime. By making them in to different pattern, it can be another feature for the faรงade treatment.

PART B

Case study 2.0

JEJU HILLS HOTEL RESORT This is a resort designed my Laboratory for Visionary Architecture. They are trying to create another landform by building a serious of hotels in this island. The island located in the south east of south Korea with a mountainous volcanic landform.4 The beautiful and the vitiated natural landscape attracte many local and visitors to come through out the year. This project is designed as a landform, dominated by the ‘Valleys and canyons’ topology. Each of the rooms is forming a stepping façade of the hotel and the internal one facing the open atrium spaces with the nature light. The whole building is embraced in the nature landscape and the feeling of nature continuously. The natural atmosphere filled in everywhere as the landscape continues to the beachfront forest over the place where they look from the rooms.

1.Point Forming

2.Base Forming

3.Base area Adjusting

4.Contours Setting

RE-CREATE PROCESSES

5.Threshold Adusting

6.Extrude and Caping

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,0) (0,0)

PART B

Technique: Development In order to test the limit of this 3D metaball technique, I tried to put the different perimeter to control the variation of the evolution of the metaball. In this part, I am aiming to examine the possibility of the metaball according to itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s threshold, level different difference, the grow in X and Y coordination. I tried to fit in another metaball to the one existing, to form the internal space for the project.

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,7.5) (0,0)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,7.5) (7.5,0)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (7.5,0)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0)

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0,2) (0,10,0) (10,0,0)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 1

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0,2) (0,10,4) (10,0,0)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 15

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0,2) (0,10,4) (10,0,6)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 10

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 10

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0,2) (0,10,8) (10,0,6)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 15

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 5

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0,10) (0,10,4) (10,0,6)

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: -5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.7

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20,20,15 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.6

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10+1N) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20,10,15 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10+0.5N) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 5,10,15 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.4

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10+0.5N) (10+0.5N,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 5,10,0 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.3

X,Y Coordination: (0-0.5N,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 5,-5,0 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20, Threshold: 0.3,1

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20, Threshold: 0.4 Accuracy: 0

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20,10,15 Threshold: 0.3,0.9

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20, Threshold: 0.4 Accuracy: 5

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 5,10,15 Threshold: 0.3,0.8

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20, Threshold: 0.4 Accuracy: 10

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 5,10,0 Threshold: 0.3,0.7

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20, Threshold: 0.4 Accuracy: 15

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 5,-5,0 Threshold: 0.3,0.6

X,Y,Z Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20, Threshold: 0.4 Accuracy: 20

DESIGN POTENTIAL

X,Y Coordination: (0,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.5

54 56

X,Y Coordination: (0-0.5N,0) (0,10) (10,0) Step: 20 No. of N: 20 Threshold: 0.5

X,Y,Z (0,0) Step No. Thre

Z Coordination: ) (0,10) (10,0) p: 20 of N: 20, eshold: 0.3,1

DESIGN POTENTIAL

After trying to test the limit of the 3D metaball by applying different kinds of perimeter to control the change. I found there is lots of possibility to play around with. I chose three example out to see the design potential of them and the first one is still the linkage in between the metaball which is the signature of the technic, like the cell division from one to one with similar but different shape. The second one is the direction of the grow in vertical position. With the change of point, the metaball can be inclined to certain angle. With can produce some more interesting shape of the building and create the feeling of movement to the building. And the last one I picked is ball in ball, it shows one metaball with three individual spaces. This can use as the space dividing while keeping the appearance as a whole. I will use these three as the main control tool to form my design.

TECHNIQUE: PROTOTYPES

Main Structure The building will mainly supported by the reinforced egg shape concrete gird. This is a material with low ductility and tensile strength. As my design is an egg shaped metaball, I need to have a very rigid support for it and reinforced concrete is a food choice as there are steel reinforcing bars embedded in the concrete as the reinforcement. With the high strength of the material, flexible in the shape, and also the durability, all these make me chose it as the main support of my metaball in order to hold up the building.5 As concrete is a kind of environmentally friendly material, it will cooperate with the sustainable principle very well. Invisible Solar Panel With the invisible solar coating, it can replace the traditional solar cell as the appearance will be better for the solar coating. We can get rid off from the old, massive solar panel by this new approach. It can be applied in a wide variety of the glass surface. The method of construction of this kind of new technology is convenience as it can be sprayed, painted or by means of roll to roll methods which do not need a new manufacturing process.6 With the new technic, the invisible solar cells is more cost-effective the traditional one Steel Beam For the contour plates around my metaball outside the metaball, I will use the steel beam to be the support of it. Steel has a high strength to weight ration. It can take up massive stresses under a high loading, which is very suitable for reacting with the wind load form the breeze. 7 Because of its flexibility in casting, it can be molded into a curvy shape which suit for the outlook of the faรงade. The fabrication of the beam can be casted with in a very short time and the quality control is relatively easier that the other. The construction process can be carried out quickly. As these beams will installed outside of the metaball, so it will exposed to the heat in the day time and insulation should be provided to control the expansion of the steel beam. For the connection to the concrete main structure, metal connectors are used.

1. Foundation Forming

2. R.C grid Forming

3. Solar cell installation

ASSEMBLY SEQUENCE 1, Foundation forming For the foundation, Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m going to use a relatively thick raft foundation because the scale of my project is a large one, in order to hold the superstructure tight above the ground, a thicker raft foundation is needed 2, Curved reinforced concrete structure I chose reinforce concrete as the main structure for my project because the concrete has a very high flexibility. They can be any shape and also easy to be in situ, so this is very suitable for the project.

4. Steel beam installation

3, Solar cell installation As the concrete provide a large surface area to form a grid for the installation of the integrated solar cell glass, so the installation of the glass panel can be carried out at this stage. 4, Steel beam installation Since the concrete structure provided a very rigid support to take up the dead load for the structure. We can attach the Steel beam on them by means of the metal connecter and welding to form the contour for the metaball.

PHYSICAL MODEL

60 62

61 63

POTATORIUM

“COME AND GET INTO THE POTATO

POTATORIUM PROPOSAL: POTATORIUM

“COME AND GET INTO THE POTATO”

63 65

Proposed Usage I will build a green house in the site. With the purpose of imposing sustainable idea in the project, I will apply the green house with the solve cell in order to make the whole building become an environmental friendly one. The reason I make these two things together is because green house is the perfect match with the solar energy. Plates need sunlight and PV cell also. Specified Plant In order to attract people all around the world to come and draw their attention, this green house will be specified for planting â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Potatoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. For the potato lover, they will definitely want to come and be a potatorian for a day; while for the non-potato hater, they will still go to the green house as this is the largest green house in the world which is specific for one kind of food. Also, they can experience different things which related to the potato, they can farm potato, make craftwork, listen to the lecture, take a potato hot spring or even have a potato massage. Whatever you think it is related to potato, they will be there. Architectual Feature Apart from the function of the green house, another focus is the outlook of it. The faĂ§ade will be formed with the metaball technique. The PV cells will be installed on each of the plants of the metaball to absorb as much sunlight as possible. People can also go up to see the harbor from the green house. As green house are full of life, I try to add some angle to each of the mataball so as to create a motion of life, make the potatoes look different in different angle. The different shape of the metaball additionally indicated the different size of the potato and how it is flexible for different kind of shape. For the linkage, since potato will all linked by root, so I used this characteristic to find some similarity in the linkage of meball. With this kind of linkage, I can easily formed the circulation of the visitor to walk around in the green house. After scaling up the metaball, I dipped up the intersection part from the site to form the landscape so as to make the whole site to look more alike and consistence.

65 67

TOP PLAN

The metaballs are orientated to facing the SouthWest of the site because that direction will receive the maximum amount of sun light. The inclined angle of each of the metaball is different so as to obtain as much as sunlight and converted them into solar energy. The wind flow form the see to the site and the curvy shape of the building react very well to it and allow them seamlessly blow through the metaballs.

GLASS HOUSE, EXHITBITION, LECTURE

RECEPTION, RESTAURANT, SHOP

PIER

SCALE 1:750 67 69

ELEVATION

From the side elevation, we can see that the metaball linked together by mean of its special personality. All the mataball formed an individual cell while the function of mateball held them as a whole. It help to keep the outlook of the project remain the same style while there are divided into different area.

SCALE 1:750

SCALE 1:750 69 71

INTERIOR

71 73

LEARNING OUTCOME

This studio allowed me to get into the aspect of computational design in a very in-depth level. Not only the conceptual theory of it in Part A, but also the different design approach of it in this stage. As the pool of computation design is so large which included the metaball, voronoi, L-system, flow line, karkarook, contoursâ&#x20AC;ŚWhat I can do is find one and use it for my design by taking a closer view to it. In these two months, I have learnt the idea of controlling the parametric model. Through different controlling tool, the outcome can be very different. As I know nothing about grasshopper before this studio, I tried really hard to master the skill and create some design work with some quality. After choosing metaball as my focus, I attempted to see what the possibility of using this parametric tool to do my design work. And the processes have been recorded in the algorithmic sketches in the beginning of Part B. It allow me to see the limitation and

opportunity of this technique and what would be produced by using grasshopper. As the characteristic of metaball is quite special and I have to try different approach to control the variation of the shape. During the tries, I found many different outcomes with this tool. Sometime it is quite hard for me to do something which is complicated. So I searched and asked for the solution from the grasshopper very frequently and I gain many knowledge about different aspect in grasshopper and I finally got some idea about this program, but still a long way to go. So far the outline of my glass house is formed and Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m going to see how the parametric tool can further develop my design in a more comprehensive one.

PART B

Algorithmic Sketches Metaball 3D, , Extrude and cap First I used some line to from the intersection point as the centre of the metball, then I started pulling up the metaball into different height and width. After getting the height of the metaball, by adjusting the step of each plant, I can re-arrange the height of different plans in order to set the height of plans or number of plans in the metaball. With the purpose of making it as a solid but not only some contours, I extrude those line up and cap it.

Content Reference: 1. Menon, Jai. An introduction to implicit techniques. Yorktown Heights, N.Y.: IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 1996. Print.

2. Shier, John, and Paul Bourke. “An Algorithm for Random Fractal Filling of Space.” Computer Graphics Forum 32.8 (2013): 89-97. Print.

3. ”Exploring Metaballs and Isosurfaces in 2D - Graphics Programming and Theory - Articles Articles.” GameDev.net. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2014. <http://www.gamedev.net/exploringmetaballs-and-isosurfaces-in-2d-r2556>. 4. “LAVA.” Jeju-Island-Resort ». N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2014. <http://www.l-a-v-a.net/projects/jeju-hills-hotel-resort/>. 5. Collins, Peter. Concrete: the vision of a new architecture; a study of Auguste Perret and his precursors.. New York: Horizon Press, 1959. P. 58-60. Print. 6. ”Your Tax Dollars At Work: Invisible Solar Cells That Look Like Glass.” CleanTechnica. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2014. <http://cleantechnica.com/2013/03/10/your-tax-dollars-at-workinvisible-solar-cells/>. 7. “What Is a Steel I-Beam?.” wiseGEEK. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2014. <http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-a-steel-i-beam.htm>. Image Reference: 1. ”LAVA.” Jeju-Island-Resort ». N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2014. <http://www.l-a-v-a.net/projects/jejuhills-hotel-resort/>. 2. “Specialist Services Reinforced Concrete Detailing.” HOP. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2014. <http://www. hop.uk.com/services-specialist/reinforced-concrete-detailing.html>. 3. “Roll the Windows Up: Solar Powered Glass Coming Soon.” TechnoBuffalo. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2014. <http://www.technobuffalo.com/2012/06/22/roll-the-windows-up-solar-powered-glass-comingsoon/>. 4. “Patent EP1503006B1 - Curved suspended drywall ceiling.” Google Books. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 2014. <http://www.google.com/patents/EP1503006B1?cl=en>.

DETAILED DESIGN

PART C

DESIGN CONCEPT

From the interim presentations in Part B, there are insufficient information about my project and iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m going to respone to them in the coming part of Part C. They are as follow: 1. The development in the algorithmic process 2. The interaction of the project to the surrounding 3. Reason of the orientation of the metaball 4. Solar energy scheme from detail study 5. Massive vertical scale of the project 83

ALGORITHMIC PROCESS

In order to make use of the metaball function to create the potato shape, I formed the base by setting the circle by the points, just like making the potato slices and

then linked them up as a whole by adjusting the threshold. And stepped up them

by pull up in the Z-direction. Till now, the shape of the metaball just like a cylinder but not a potato, so I input a formula into the equation so as to make the tipped

top and the base, after this I setting the level different and the X, Y Coordinate in each potato slice and make it like a potato shape.

STE

PULL UP THE PLAN

THRESHOLD ADJUSTMENT

BASE FORMATION

X,Y COORDINATES ADJUSTMENT

SETING LEVEL DIFFERENT

FORMULA INPUT

EP ADJUSTMENT

INTERACTION TO THE SURROUNDING 1:5000

ORIENTATION OF THE METABALL From the view of the city, the three metaball just like shaking their hand and saying ‘Halo, Copenhagen!’

From the view of the world, the three metaball just like shaking their hand and saying â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Halo, World!â&#x20AC;&#x2122; 89

ORIENTATION OF THE METABALL - WIND According to the wind path study in the University of Copenhagen1, the wind in

Copenhagen is flowed from south to north. With the curvy shape of the building,

It can react to the wind very well and allow the wind can blow thought seamlessly.

Whats more, the rings in the facade can act as a wind catcher to catch the wind so as to enhance the ventilation in that area.

ORIENTATION OF THE METABALL - SUN By using the plug in â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Ladybugâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; in grasshopper, I knew that the sun path in there is different to the Melbourne. The sun will rise from the east, go thought the south,

and set in the west. So the inclined angle of the metaball can capture as much as

sun light in order to produce the maximum amount of sunlight to the city and also let the potato can grow healthily inside.

SOLAR ENERGY SCHEME FROM DETAIL STUDY By using the plug in â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Ladybugâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; in grasshopper, I can get the below diagram which showed the sun light energy in dif-

ferent time within the day, From the lowest in the early morning and the evening, to the highest in the afternoon. Also, I can get the sun light hour analysis for my project as it can generate a diagram which showed how long is my project can obtain sun light in a day, from the longest period of time to the shortest. This can very effectively showed what is the sunlight hour in my project and applied the solar panel technology into the potatorium and maximise the solar potential energy.

LOCATION OF THE SOLAR PANEL The below diagram is the average sunlight hour thought out the year and I can easily find out the best location for the installation of the solar panel, as we can see, the

surface of the ring can capture the sunlight very effectively within a day, so there will be the place where I placed my solar panel for my solar energy generation scheme.

SOLAR DEFROST PANEL

When considering the snowing condition in Copenhagen, I designed to use a

solar defrost panel for my solar energy scheme. It is because the effectiveness of the panel will decrease when the snow or ice formed on top of the solar

panel.2 And this technic can protect the photovoltaic cells from the extreme weather and make it more sustainable one. The theory is to insert a heating

element on top of the photovoltaic cells which separated by the transparent

layer so as to melt the ice or snow on top of it to make it workable thought out the year.

Rings Surface Photovoltaic cells

Transpar

rent Layer Heating Element Transparent Layer Aluminium Frame

MASSIVE VERTICAL SCALE OF THE PROJECT

The vertical in my project is so massive that it seem not realistic to the reality, no matter in the method of con-

struction, or the project scheme. For me, I think the scale should reach a certain scale in a huge site like the one

we have. So as not to waste any part of the site. In order to make it reasonable and make sense, I started tackling the problem by fully utilized the usage inside the Potatorium. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s true that the scale is a huge one but this maybe a chance to put an iconic building in Copenhagen where their are in lack of.

The height of my project reach to 70M, which is similar to the Sydney Opera House. And I think many of the

iconic building also in a massive scale, so it can be a potential to make Potatorium to be an icon to Copenhagen.

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INTEGRATE WITH THE INTERNAL USAGE

I started to introduce some more function space inside the potato so as to fill up the massive internal space

with different kind of activities or divided the zone for different age group people to use the facilities. With this

changing, the massive scale of the building can be a meaningful one and people can enjoy their time inside the massive architecture by having different kind of activity!

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106

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108

BASIC JOINTING

This is how my jointing work in my model, I think its fine to make in a 1:500 scale model, the horizontal rings hanged on top of the vertical curvy column. The difficulties is than the vertical column is no perpendicalar to the column, so when

perparing the laser cut material, I have to do some more calculation to see how

wide the sort should be made. When comes to the reality, I think this is not gonna work for just a huge project so Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m going to find some case study to see how it can be built on the site.

109

CORE CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT Precedent Study - Burj Al Arab3

With the purpose of finding a suitable construction method for the project, I tried to look for some case study which similar to my design.

Burj Al Arab is one of the best case study for my project because this structure al-

low a long span structure for the central atrium which is what Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m going to do in my

project, also the scale of this project is a huge one when compare to the other similar project.

From the below image, it is not difficult to find that the structure is mainly formed by 3 elements, which is the central concrete core, exoskeleton structure, and the truss.4

Lateral loads are transferred from steel frame to central core and then to the founda-

tion, the truss act as a reinforcement to the structure to add rigidity to the building so as to make the whole structure stronger.

110

111

STRUCTURAL SECTION

After Studying form the case study, I borrowed the concept of the Burj Al Arab into my design concept so as to make it work in the reality. Also, with the huge central core, the service for the indoor facilities such as the air conditioning, the water pumping, and the transmission can be centralised in the centre of the core of the spine. By taking reference from the structure of my precedent study, I tried to make the external structure from the case study to a internal one. I used the reinforced concrete as my core spine and the curvy columns as it is a very strong supporting material and the flexibility of it is very high which can easily moulded to the wanted shape. For the horizontal support, I mainly used the steel as the skeleton of the support. It is because the steel is a light and strong structural material which is fast and easy for the installation. In order to make the whole structure more solid, I used the 3 tubes steel trusses as the reinforced element in my structure. The high tensile strength of the steel can deal with the tension effectively to hold the structure as a whole.

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LOADING DIAGRAM

By taking a closer look to the section, I started to test the workability of it by seeing the loading flow is strong enough to withstand the loading from the external force and the superstructure itself. Horizontal load created by the external force and the movement of the ground will directly transmitted to the vertical column and to the foundation. In the weakest point of the jointing, I thickened the column to make it stronger so as to have a better respond to the loading transmission. Since the whole structure is built with a inclined angle, the movement of the building will be a great issue to deal with, so the diagonal steel trusses can strengthen the whole structure as they can pull the horizontal and vertical structural element together to form a rigid structure.

114

In Tension

In Compression

115

FINAL DETAIL MODEL

For my final model, I decided to use a MDF as the landscape of my site and Perspex white for my

main building. In this way, the building can be more eye-catching while the landscape will not lose its texture.

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FINAL DETAIL MODEL

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PROCESS

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SITE MODEL 1:500

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SITE MODEL 1:500

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Learning Outcome It is hard for me to start writing this part of the journal as it just like putting an end to the studio. I think I will feel a bit lost after finished it as time become so empty without the studio. So glad that I can come here for my third year study in Architectural as what I saw in here give me a big impact to the design aspect, no matter the teaching style, the course structure, and of course the new program. The computational design tool like grasshopper do changed the idea of design in my mind. With the tool, you can create something which seem impossible to build in reality. And the time for creating and testing the scheme can be done in a second which is something I never thought before. It also let me know that the age of computational design is coming and what attitude should we have to treat it as an architect in the future. We have to fully understand the computational tool and be the one who do the design so as not to get lost in the generative tools. In order to master the tool, I tried to generate as much variety as I could in my research field by adjusting the different parametric condition and showed in the matrix of the pervious part. Since there are unlimited tools I can play around with while the time is limited, I chose to focus on specific one type of tool rather that combining different kind of tools in the design. All the varieties are made by the metabll function and thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s all. So it is no doubt that I can handle my parametric tool in a detailed manner as showed in the matrix. Apart from the computational design tools, I also learnt how to use the 3D modelling tools for the digital fabrication and what is the requirement and the limitation for the 3D print. In this semester, I started to get into touch with the 3D print as I knew that it will be the future trend of modelling so I tired to use it and get some more knowledge about it with the help form the friendly guys in fablab. I used of the tool to print the model for my interim presentation. At first, I got some problem about the mesh document and I spent two day with the technicians to solve the it. During the process, I gain so much knowledge about the 3D print concept and I finally did it.

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It is quite hard to link the design proposal to the concept of air. What is air? Air is invisible, air is without smell, air is up in the sky, filling up all the cornea. So I think the similarity in between this two is the design proposal of the Studio: Air is so abstract that like the air, it can be anything while it did exist in the atmosphere in the final stage. It also remind us it is essential to us to keep the abstract idea to create more and more innovative architecture so as to keep pushing the development of the architecture. Without the abstract idea just like a human without air, it will die. Due to the abstract idea, I proposed a very special project in this studio Air. This is good as if it is a design course, the difficult thing is how to make this proposal be a workable one in reality. What I have to do is search for more and more precedent case for the usage of the internal space and the method of the construction. To duel with these, I searched some of the contemporary architectural for my case study like the burj al arab... to make things sound more reasonable and workable. After finding the precedent, I still have to filter the things that I need to adopt or improve as there will not have a case study which is 100% fit to your design, so I have to further elaborate the idea from the case study and apply them into my design. During the design process, there are numerous errors occurred in the grasshopper and I tried to solve the problem by all means, discussing in the forum, watching tutorial video, asking in the class. These helped me to know more about the program and in the later part of the semester, I can solve some of the problem be myself and the feeling is so great, just like you can finally get used to the program to a certain extend. All in all, what I gained in this year is more than I thought. New university, new program, and new model. All these just like leading me to a different level of design work, and redefine the word of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Designâ&#x20AC;? in my mind. OK, letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s just call it a day!

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Content Reference: 1. Humlum, Ole. Copenhagen Geografisk Tidsskrift. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Universitets Geografiske Institut, 2006. Print. 2. “Patent US20110056924 - Solar Defrost Panels.” Google Books. Web. 30 Oct. 2014. 3. Welch, Adrian. “Burj Al Arab Tower, Dubai - UAE Hotel Building - E-architect.” Earchitect RSS. 17 Oct. 2008. Web. 4. Zeballos, Carlos. “MY ARCHITECTURAL MOLESKINE®: BURJ AL ARAB, THE SYMBOL OF DUBAI.” MY ARCHITECTURAL MOLESKINE®: BURJ AL ARAB, THE SYMBOL OF DUBAI. 18 Jan. 2010. Web.

Image Reference: Burj Al Arab section: Dimitrov, Dimitar. “Structure.” By Dimitar Dimitrov. 13 Jan. 2010. Web.

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