Elements of Architecture Contributing to Placemaking by Phally Chhay

Sudtio D0-Pivot The City

THESIS BOOKLET

STUDENT: PHALLY CHHAY ID:102441591 MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE

STUDIO LEADER: BY AMMON BEYLERLE UNIT CONVENOR: IAN WOODCOCK

01 02 03 04

INTRODUCTION ABSTRACT THESIS STRATMENT

RESEARCH

21. RESEARCH THEMES...........................................................................6 2.2 RESEARCH QUESTION.......................................................................6 2.3 ECOSOPHY........................................................................................7

LITERATURE REVIEW

3.1 THEORIES OF ARCHITECTURE...........................................................10 3.2 PREVIOUS STUDY...............................................................................12 3.2 PRECEDENTS.....................................................................................13 3.3 HOUSING TYPOLOGY.......................................................................14 3.4 1ST CRITIQUE.....................................................................................15

SITE ANALYSIS

4.1 HISTORY OF THE SITE.........................................................................18,19 4.2 URBAN CONTEXT...............................................................................20 4.3 PROPOSED LANEWAY.......................................................................21 4.4 ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT...............................................................22 4.5 MALOP STREET OBSERVATION (MOMENTS)....................................23 4.6 RELATIONSHIP MARTRIX (ELEMENTS)...............................................24 4.7 PERMANENCY OR TEMPORAMENT.................................................25

05 06

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (DESING PRINICIPLES)

5.1 WHAT MAKE GOOD PUBLIC PLACE?...........................................................28 5.2 ADAPTIVE REUSE............................................................................................29 5.3 BUILDING EDGES AND INTERFACE...............................................................30 5.3.1 BUILDIGN EDGES.............................................................................30 5.3.2 INTERFACES......................................................................................31 5.4 2ND CRITIQUE................................................................................................32 5.5 APPLYING CONCEPTS INTO PROPOSED LANEWAY....................................33

SIMULATION (VARIATION OF SCENARIOS)

6.1 SIMULATION ON BUILDING EDGE...............................................................36 A. WITH/WITHOUT AWNING STRUCTURE................................................36 B. GALLERY STRUCTURE...........................................................................37 6.2 SIMLATION ON INTERFACE...........................................................................38 A. FACADE...............................................................................................38 B. BALCONY.............................................................................................39 6.3 3RD CRITIQUE...............................................................................................40

1ST ITERATION

7.1 PROPOSED NEW MALOP STREET..............................................................44,45 7.2 PROPOSED PROGRAM.............................................................................46,47 7.3 PROPOSED FLOORPLANS.........................................................................48,49 7.4 PROPOSED CONTEMPTPORARY DESIGN................................................50 7.5 PROPOSED PERSERVATION OF HERITAGE DESIGN..................................51 7.6 RENDERE OF THE 2ND ITERATION (CONTEMPORARY DESIGN)..............52,53

2ND ITERATION

PROPOSED MASTERPLAN

8.1 PRECEDENTS OF NEW AND HERITAGE COMBINATION DESIGN...........56 8.2 CONCEPT INSPIRATION............................................................................57 8.3 GROUND FLOORPLAN.............................................................................58 8.4 1ST-2ND FLOORPLAN (TYPICAL FLOOR).................................................59 8.5 3RD- 4TH FLOORPLAN (TYPICAL FLOOR)................................................60 8.6 SECTION A - A...........................................................................................61 8.7 DESIGN ELEMENTS AND STRUCTURES......................................................62,63 8.8 4TH CRITIQUE.............................................................................................64 9.1 MASTERPLAN (GROUP)............................................................................68

iii

FINAL RENDERS

CONCLUSION

10.1 PROPOSED LOCAL FRUIT & VEGETABLE MARKETS...........................72 10.2 PROPOSED PEDESTRIAN FRIENDLY ST. ALONG GREEN SPINE (MALOP ST)............................................................74 10.3 PROPOSED NIGHT STREET FOOD.......................................................76 10.4 PROPOSED SPACIOUS BALCONY......................................................77 10.5 FINAL FACADE RENDER......................................................................78 10.6 ENTRANCE RENDER VIEW...................................................................79

11.1 CONCLUSION.....................................................................................80

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INTRODUCTION

ABSTRACT Market Square, situated in Geelong, Vitoria, Australia, has a very rich history and city of Geelong itself has many heritage buildings. Taken a closer look at Market square it was built in 1856 and it has changed over times till today. In additon, the market has been inclusive with pedestrain on Little Marlop street. Significantly, there is a new Geelong Westfield shopping mall which attracts more shoppers and opens up more opportunities within its development. The Problems happening there are: - Green Spine has not served its purspose of attracting more shoppers - Market Square itself does not indicate any Cultural & Local Identiy - There is a lack of more engaging public spaces for both local and the tourists - Bus Stop along Morabool Street has effected the aesthetic of the Market Square

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THESIS STATEMENT To create a place where people can sense a cultural and local Identity, more engaging place making and spaces leading people to the Market Square as well as the water front and open up more opportunities for future development.

RESEARCH

2.1 RESEARCH THEMES 1. Create CONNECTIVITY between people & Places

2.3 ECOSOPHY My ecosophy is to create an approach in architectural context when designing a public space in which designers must not overseen because the architectural elements and structure has a connection to the placemaking, inspired by Doreen Marsey’s “thrown-Togethernes” emphasing that elements of architectecure contribute to sociality of space (Placemaking in particular).

2. Preserve CULTURAL & LOCAL IDENTITY Elements of Architecture contributing to Placemaking 3. Create Permeability

2.2 RESEARCH QUESTION

Active Building Edge

Interface

- What are the elements of architecture contributing to placemaking? - How to improve those architecture elements along the green spine to reactive the space and the market square. - How to improve the visual connection of the existing site?

LITERATURE REVIEW

3.1 THEORIES OF ARCHITECTURE

J a n e Jacobs

once people feel sense of being INCLUSIVE, they tend to use the space longer and more frequent

“Sociality of Public Space”

Doreen Marsey

VARIETY OF ELEMENTS AND STRUCTURES within the space also plays a part in Sociality of Public Space

“Thrown-Togetherness” 10

PLACMAKING C O M P L E M E N T

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ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE CONTRIBUTING TO PLACEMAKING 11

3.2 LITERATURE REVIEW:

3.3 PRECEDENTS

while the architects of the last decades designed a world of sky scrapers to accommodate the needs of the modern society, creating a neutral and functioning style and often ignoring the history and culture of the city or country where it appeared, the current trend in architecture calls for the return of cultural identity by ornamentation and playing with the forms. And if the form is the language of architecture, then one of the most beloved and at the same time challenging ones – is the curve, with its mystery interpreted by architects of various cultural backgrounds

Engaging local community, choosing right materials, PLAN FOR PEDESTRAINT NOT FOR VEHICLE, hightlight the character of the city are the strategies mentioning in 10 tips for designing successful spaces. (Arch20, n.d.)

“Architectural Conservation is a process through which the MATERIAL, HISTORICAL, DESIGN INTEGRITY OF HUMANITY’S BUILT HERITAGE IS PROTECTED” as cited in consideration of architectural and cultural heritage (Hesham, 2017). According to the contemporary conservation theory and practice, ADAPTIVE RESUSE is introduced as a vital strategy towards the conservation of cultural heritage (Jessen, J. & Schneider, J., 2003). Connetedness between people vs people and people vs space is important since it will create A SOCIALITY OF PUBLIC SPACE; a sense of being inclusive because once people feel that sense, they tend to use the space longer and more frequent (Jacobs, 1996). Doreen Marsey mentioned that VARIETY OF ELEMENTS AND STRUCTURES within the space also plays a part in Sociality of Public Space in her “Thrown-Togetherness” theory. 12

Passey Place, London - Eltham’s busy high street has been paved to create space for shoppers & informal activities Caufield to Dandenong level crossing removal project- Inclusivity of everyone access Kaunas, Lithuania -V- Plaza Urban Development - Elements and Structure contribute to Sociality of Space

3.4 Housing Typology

3.5 1ST CRITIQUE In my study I focus on Architectural elements and structures that contribute to Placemaking project because people will use the place longer once they feel the space, according to Jane Jacobs by using the Four main aspsects of good placemaking Project. Simulatanteously, I will conserve the local and cultural identity of Geelong through preserving the Market Square Heritage through the “Adaptive Reuse” Approach.

Through my research and observation, there are 2 elements of Architecture that I will explore which are:

Building Edges Interface

How does awning contribue to the public space?

Is there any relation between the private and the public space?

SITE ANALYSIS

18 1879 1906 1918 2007 LATEST LOOK OF THE FACADE

1990 HERITAGES WERE PRESERVED

NEW LOOK OF MARKET SQUARE

OLD MARKET SQUARE CLOCK WAS DEMOLISHED

THERE USED TO BE A FOUNTAIN

1866

EXHIBITION BUILDING & MARKET SQUARE

1856

FENCE WAS CREATED

1844

SMALL TRADING

REQUESTED AS PULBLIC SQUARE SQUARE

4.1 HISTORY OF THE SITE

MARKET SQUARE AND ITS TRANSFORMATION OVER TIME WITHIN ITS RICH HISTORY

2010 TILL NOW

4.2 URBAN CONTEXT

4.3PROPOSED LANEWAY

SCENARIO 1

GIANT MASS FORM: NEED HORIZONAL & VERTICAL PERMEABILITY 20

SCENARIO 2

4.4 ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT

4.5 MALOP STREET OBSERVATION (MOMENTS)

ADVERTISEMENT RUINS FACADE

ADVERTISEMENT RUINS THE FACADE

SOLID FACADE 22

4.6 RELATIONSHIP MATRIX (ELEMENTS)

4.7 PERMANENCY/TEMPORAMENT

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (DESIGN PRINCIPLES)

5.1 WHAT MAKES GOOD PUBLIC PLACE

5.2 ADAPTIVE REUSE By looking at what makes good pulic place, I will focus on - Sociality: Street Life -I nteractive & Welcoming - Diverse: Elderly, woman, Childrent, etct. - Access & Linkages: walkable & Convenient - pedestrians - Comfort & Image: Attractive & Historical environment, spiritual & chaming building conditions - Green, walkable and Sitable area - Uses & Activities: Fun & Active

I will adapt only the primary structures which are columns, beams, and slaps and creating new program, and new look on the xisting one. By a semi open plan with the new ideas of local fruit and vegetable markets and groccerry, it emphasizes the local culture and identity when Market Square was first created. It will also reactive the public space and permeability which enables viusal connection from the main Malop street. This show the alive culture inside the new facade design.

5.3 BUILDING EDGES & INTERFACE 5.3.1 BUILDING EDGES

5.3.2 INTERFACE

Building edge is important to create an interaction within a public space because it can either disconnect indoor and outdoor interaction. However, the awining structure and gallery structure are key to consider in this research because various activities can happen within them and their physical attributes according to Canter’s model of place (1977).

A. Awning Structure 30

B. Gallery Structure (with column)

According to Urban design & place making article by Community Planning Academy, visual connection can create interaction between indoor and outdoor activities. Transparent window is mentioned as an example elements that can create the interaction. Therefore, builidng facade and balcony are the essential elements in this context.

A. Facade Transparency

B. Balcony 31

5.4 2ND CRITIQUE

5.5 APPLYING CONCEPTS INTO THE PROPOSED LANEWAY

After the 1st stage of the research, I believe a good public space is needed in market square site, permeability on the ground floor and making the place more accessible and visible by the public is one of the key to bring people in. However, quality of space is another step to make people feel attached and tend to use the space more often and stay longer in the space. Therefore, Jacobs’ theory of sociality of space is important. On the other hand, I can only work on the areas highlighted in “what Makes a Great Place?” since the site is large and there is a time constraint within this research. In addition, adaptive reuse requires more time to analzye the extend of the hertiage what to preserve because we cannot just preserve the entired site in order to make a new design work. Importantly, it requires more experts with heritage consultants and regulation which might slow down the progress of this limited time research. However in the next step, I will analyze on the elements of architecture that I have found through various precedents including various scenarios.

SIMULATION (VARIATION OF SCENARIOS)

6.1 SIMULATION ON BUILDING EDGE

B. WITH GALLERY STRUCTURE

A. WITH/WITHOUT AWNING STRUCTURE) Different scenarios has been shown in the drawing by considering differences between building with and without awning at different times of the day (Sun, Rain); comparing to differrent various activities within gallery structures. It has shown that the gallery structure (with column) provide more variation to increase interaction & visual connection.

6.2 SIMULATION ON INTERFACE

B. Balcony

A. FACADE

In the case, the facade is a solid wall, there is no connection to the public at all, especially the space that does not have balcony or outdoor garden. However, glass is an important material that can create a different feeling and environment because anything happening outside will triger our vision through the glass window or curtain wall. 38

The diagrams on the right indicate different scenarios of balcony ranking from size to its structure(with/ without roof) and with extra features as well. It clearly reflects that the balcony with roof provide more shading and protect the occupants from the rain so they tend to stay longer. In addition, more features such as table & chairs, plants can create various activity that make the participants interact more with the space apart from just seeing the view& getting fresh air.

6.3 3RD Critique After analysing different scenarios of the elements of architecture namely, building edge and the interface, it has reflected that: 1. Awning structure do create interaction and make people stay longer within the space but if compared to the gallery structure because the column does make a difference since it increase variation of activities within the space such as leaning, running around, sitting next to it, taking photos with it, etc. 2. Transparency in material is really important because it can create visual connection from private to the public space espcially when there is no other public space such as balcony or garden.

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3. Size of the balcony does matter since when it is more spacious, there are more furniture and features that can be added such as seating for drinking coffee, smoking, reading newspaper, reading bay, growing plants, taking fresh air, seeing the view, etc. To sump up, the design need to have transparency on the facade where necessary, and the gallery structure must be a better option to active the building edge of human interaction. On top of that, big balcony has to be the option for residential unit or public housing. 40

1ST ITERATION

7.1 PROPOSED NEW MALOP STREET

Issue

Program

Lack Lack of of connectivity connectivity between between people people vs vs place place

Floor

7.2 PROPOSED PROGRAM

Design Brief

Create Create aa pedestrain pedestrain Friendly Friendly (allowing (allowing Bus Bus access access to to the the Mallop Mallop Street) Street) Keeping only a part of old car parkfor future increase of demographic Keeping only a part of old car parkfor future increase of demographic Create Create aa new new typology typology of of mixed mixed use use building building along along with with new new program program reactivate reactivate the the market market Create aa connectivity connectivity of of people people and and places places through through architectural architectural elements elements contributing contributing to to Placemaking Placemaking Project Create Project Preserve local identity of geelong market square and recreate the sense of rich history in market square Preserve local identity of geelong market square and recreate the sense of rich history in market square

Program

Floor

Zone

GROUND GROUND FLOOR FLOOR CORE AREA AREA A CORE A CORE AREA CORE AREA B B Café Café A A Café B B Café Milk Tea Milk Tea A A 7 eleven eleven A A 7 Sushi Sushi B B Fast Fast Food Food Restaurant B B Restaurant Groccery Zone Groccery Zone Public Public Toilet Toilet Fruit & Veggie Market Market Fruit & Veggie 46

RETAIL RETAIL NA NA NA NA Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail NA NA Retail Retail

BUILDING BUILDING A A

Office Office

1ST FLOOR

OFFICE

Area (SQM) Environtment 2291 2291 88 88 86 86 68 68 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 246 246 512 512 68 68 783 783

2162 877 877

Materials

Zone

GROUND FLOOR CORE AREA A CORE AREA B Café A Café B Milk Tea A 7 eleven A Sushi B Fast Food Restaurant B Groccery Zone Public Toilet Fruit & Veggie Market

RETAIL NA NA Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail Retail NA Retail

BUILDING A CORE AREA A WAITING HALL OFFICE 1A OFFICE 2A MEETING ROOM A PANTRY A REFRESHMENT AREA BUILDING B CORE AREA B HALL OFFICE 1B OFFICE 2B MEETING ROOM B

Office NA Office Office Office Office Office Office Office NA Office Office Office Office

1ST FLOOR

OFFICE

Area (SQM) Environtment 2291 88 86 68 88 88 88 88 88 246 512 68 783

Materials

2162 877 88 80 144 325 80 80 80 1285 86 80 523 256 75

7.3 PROPOSED FLOORPLANS

Feedback from studio leader: the corridor is too dark not good ventilation and natuaral light. (The responsed will be shown in the next drawing of the floorplan by internal courtyard and barbeque area for socializing) 49

7.4 PROPOSED CONTEMPORARY DESIGN

7.5 PROPOSED PRESERVATION OF HERITAGE DESIGN

This proposed option is to give an entirely new look to the market square by getting the inspiration from the Pier entrance in Geelong to create physical elements connection along the way with the laneway to the waterfront.

This proposed option is to maximine the heritage value by adapting the architectural styles from the clock tower heritage and applying them to the new building design.

7.6 RENDERED OF 2ND ITERATION FACADE

2ND ITERATION

8.1 PRECEDENTS OF NEW AND HERITAGE COMBINATIION DESIGN

8.2 CONCEPT INSPIRATION

The Pier, Geelong

The Geelong Art Gallery refelects an intergration of Modern and Heritage in term of material and the design styles themselves. However the Musee du Louvre glass entrance reflects how the glass materials can minisize the effect on the heritage. Therefore, I will adapte these ideas in my design. 56

Combination of Existing and New Arch Contemporary Design

The reason of choosing the Pier to be the inspired design is because Market Square The Sketch of the inspired design lacks Visual Connection to the Waterfront and since The Pier is one of the landmark in Geelong, it is worth to create physical elements that re- Creating Void to the flect a connection existing Awning between the two Architecture not just through visual connection to the water front but also through the architectural element. The Sketch of How the New combination might look like 57

8.3 GROUND FLOOR PLAN

8.4 1ST - 2ND FLOORPLAN (TYPICAL FLOOR)

On the proposed ground floor, I believe using the cafe and restaurants as activators to bring in people as well as eye on the street to secure the street along the site will encourage people to come. with the open plan of the fresh product and groccerry 58will permeabilitiy similar to the laneway culture.

With the office floor, there is an internal courtyard that allow light and natural ventilation to the corridor. Moreover, the wall partition is expandable or shrinkable to make bigger or smaller office space according to the tenant’s need. 59

8.5 3RD - 4TH FLOORPLAN (TYPICAL FLOOR)

8.6 SECTION A - A

To response to poor design from previous work, internal courtyard has been created within the the barbeque area to increase more interaction between the residents. The internal courtyard can bring in natural lighting and ventilation along with plants and vegetation that create more encouraging environment for residents to chill out, drink coffee and maybe spend sometimes having a talk with their neighbours. The barbeque can be a party area for the tenants to host some communal activity such as party, meeting, etc. 60

This section reflects that level of privacy changes from public(Retail) to semi public(office) and to More Private(Residential units). Therefore it is better to create a more enganging space for the residential area (as responed in the floor plan drawing). 61

Preservation of the Heritage

COLONIAL MUTUAL LIFE ASSURRANCE BUILDING WAS ANNOUNCED TO OCCUPY THE SITE OF THE PREVIOUS CLOCK TOWER.

2007

Adapting the existing slaps (Concrete) New Secondary Elements (Timber & Glass) Adapting the existing Primary Structures (Beams & Column)

NEW PROPOSED CONTEMPORAY FACADE & ELEMENTS

Creating Void to the existing Awning Structures New Contemporary Design (Steel & Glass)

NOW (2021)

PREVIOUS DESIGN INSPIRED FROM THE PREVIOUS MARKET SQUARE ARCH

ARCHITECTURE CHANGES OVER TIME

8.7 DESIGN ELEMENTS & STRUCTURES

AROUND 2010 62

8.8 4TH Critique Throughout the iteration journey, it has shown that 1. within a private space, semi public space can be created to engage people; residential facilities such as barbeque area for party, gym, internal courtyard for residents to socialize (chill out and drink coffee). Another thing is garden for the resident or for office staff. 2. Preserving heritage, adaptive reuse and creating new design as a combination is quite challenging but it can create an architecture that people can feel the local culture and attached to that place which reminds us back of Doreen Marsey’s theories saying that structure and elements of archiecture play a part in sociality of space.

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3. Laneway culture, permeability, semi open ground floor plan are all important to create a good interaction between public, semi-private and private spaces.

PROPOSED MASTER PLAN 67

9.1 PROPOSED MASTERPLAN (GROUP) Focus Area +

The Focus Area is the mixed use building with semi open plan on the ground floor with local fruits market and groccery so there will be a sense of local culture when the market square was first created to gather people and local trading. On the first and second floors are the office space and the third and fourth floors are residential units. However, the number of floor can be increase up to 7 floors by having same typical floor plans of the residential units to achieve higher density and also to incease the user of the space and funtions of the building. Mixed used buildings (pink color coding area) are up to 7 floors of residential units, public space, office space, etc. (proposed by group work). Design Manufacturing hub is included as part of the geelong council vision to educate people in that particular area.(Proposed by group work) A public realm is proposed along the existing little mallop street but with more vegetation and more interactive and engaging space.

FINAL RENDERS

10.1 PROPOSED LOCAL FRUIT & VEGETABLE MARKET

From this Queen Victoria Market, there is an advantage of creating the vendor and local shopper, it is more direct and active interaction most of the time. Therefore, I want to create this kind of experience that reflects the local culture and history of when Square market was created and gathered as local small trading.

From this Dandenong Market, We can see that fruits and veggies has been organized in a more tidy way and the color of fruits and veggies themselves has created a more enriched environment for shoppers to be excited to shop by seeing various and fresh products. From this springvale market, there is a skylight in the middle of the market in which I can adapt into my project to increase more natural lighting and as well to make the fruits look more fresh and more color shining and clear for shoppers to choose the best fruits during their shopping expriences. 72

By combining all the ideas from the precedents I can come up with my proposal of the fresh market with skylight in the middle and create permeability through this semi enclosed floorplan. Simultaneously, there is more interaction between shoppers and venders with environment of street art, different wall material, street artist, and various color of fresh food. 73

10.2 PROPOSED PEDESTRAIN FRIENDLY ST. ALONG GREEN SPINE (MALOP ST.)

China Town in Melbourne and Sydney they have smiliar charactistic so from these two precedents, we can see that the informal tent roofs are installed to create a temporary space underneath so there will be a space for creating human interaction of the night light street food.

Inclusivity of bike path, bike parking, pedestrain side walk, street arts, fresh market and outdoor cafe within consideration of warm color and materials will bring more people to market square and encourage them to stay and interact more within the space. 74

Back in Bangkok, Thailand where there are many active street food almost everywhere in the city and is very famous for the local and international tourists, food cart is another type of interesting thing for nightlight street food because they can be designed differently, colorful and they can be either traditional, modern or even contemporary. Importantly, food carts can be moved during the day in which the other acitvities are still active and can be used during the time that there is a free space. 75

10.3 PROPOSED NIGHT STREET FOOD

Geelong night life is too silent and local people cannot really hangout much because there is no place to increase their interaction. Night Street food is very famous to bring back informal street life and we can see Melbourne and Sydney has embraced that in their China Town Area so Geelong must include as well to create active night life. Therefore, I adapt the food carts culture to be used under the space of the pedestraint along Malop street at night when the other retail activities start to die out. (8pm-12am) 76

10.4 PROPOSE SPACIOUS BALCONY To Response to my research finding, size of the balcony does matter in term of level of human interaction because people can spend more time there with various activities. For instance, residents can take care of their plants and enjoy their plantation. Another thing is you can spend time reading newspaper and enjoying your coffee on the balcony every morning and also just chile out and get fresh air after staying too long inside the unit. However, along with that I also believe that privacy is also important beacuse many people might not enjoy doing their activity at the balcony if there is no privacy so I just propose a circle window that can be viewed from other’s balcony so it will limit the sight 77

10.5 FINAL FACADE RENDER

10.6 ENTRANCE RENDER VIEW

CONCLUSION

11.1 CONCLUSION The research has shown that beside public realm, elements of architecture do contribute to placemaking to create human interaction within a particular space. Throughout the process, I have learned that awning structure has created a space that can be engaging if it is well designed; however, if compared to gallery structure, it is better since the presence of a culumn does make a big difference. In term of facade, Transparency of Material is really important since it can visual connection, direct and indirect interaction within the outside and inside building. Finally, size of balcony does matter since the more spacious of the balcony, the more time the occupants tend to spend there if it is well designed with sun and rain protection with vegetation and more agency in term of furniture and other triggering physical objects. Along with the research, I have figured out that there are some more elements that are quite related and worth focusing on in further research such as entrance, street

Previous Elements of Architecture

Building Edge

Interface

New Elements of Architecture

Entrance

S t r e e t Scape

Time Scale

Entrance is also an important element of architecture that can attract people to the place. Due to the time constraint, the research cannot cover the iteration and simulation of this element; however, I have created an arch entrance that take the inspiration for the Pier in geelong to create physical connection in term of architectural element. Even this researched does not focus much on Street scape but there are still street scape exploration at the beggining and in the final render. Time scale has been taken into consideration when exploring the different time of the day such as rainy day, sunny day, and also the proposal that has proposed street food for night life in geelong along the pedestraint when the normal retail during the day activity has died out.

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