Fabrikasi digital 2016

2016

DIGITAL FABRICATION

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA

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HEXAGONS + RECTANGLES JADI MEJA BALDOON 2.0 HEXA.120 THE TATAKAN CTHULHU THE POT

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A + HEXAGONS

RECTANGLES Dina Marcelina – 1306404784 | Isna Naziladinka – 1306367605 Nabila Jamal – 1306404765 | Shofagi Raniyah – 1306367643

“We were initially interested in lantern concept that let light slip through the gaps of geometrical forms and create various kind of shadows�

In this digital fabrication class, we learned many fabrication methods such as section, tessellation, etc. Through learning some precedents online and also model making exploration, we came up with conclusion that different geometrical shapes create different kind of light & shadow through the gaps they have.

Materials : 3mm plywood and 3mm white acrylic.

Using 2 different materials that have different characteristics gives us benefits in arranging the light & shadow. The solid plywood directs the light and the translucent acrylic lets them pass through comfortably, makes it work as its bed side lamp function.

PLYWOOD

PVC BOARD

Before realizing the lamp using the laser cut machine, we tried to make the prototype manually using PVC and polycarbonate to represent the plywood and acrylic. We realized that we should be more precise as the finger joints need the correct sizes to fit in.

After working with the prototype and also the real model using laser cut machine, we understand that there are differences between different material characteristics and how it affects one another. We should be more precise in calculating the size we laser cut using acrylic material since it creates bigger gap than the plywood ones.

Knowing the materials as we were thinking about the design concept would make the working process more efficient. It would broaden our mind about what we can do to the materials and how we will do it correctly.

Using laser-cut machine as the media to realize our design, we tried to overcome the cutting constraint that only let us cut in 90 degrees angle.

Challenged by such constraint, we explored some joints to break the limitation that the machine has. We ended up with hexagons and rectangles that are connected through finger joints, H joints, and N joints. To make it more dynamic, we also decided to differ the size of the geometries that we stacked.

After deciding to stack 2 different geometries with different sizes, we realized that the gaps between the geometries let the direct light from the lamp shine way stronger than how we thought it would be. Thus, we added some translucent triangular planes in the gaps using finger joints. This allows the light pass through the plane indirectly and create a better light & shadow.

PLAN

FRONT VIEW

SIDE VIEW

“It would be really helpful if we had thought the materials we were going to work from the very beginning of the process. �

LIGHT SEEPING THROUGH

THE JOINTS

B VERNACULER FABRICATION [jadi meja]

Dic Fla Vidya 1406604222 | Dimas Aditama Fikri 1406530621 Noviar Dwidaud 1406530395

Materials : 4mm multiplex wood and 4mm transparent acrylic.

The material chosen due to its physical characteristic.

Multiplex with its roughness can provide the necessary friction force on the inside of the module for the joint to work well.

Acrylic chosen due to its strength also transparent to highlight the inner joint.

“By the amount of traditional joints in Indonesia, we’re challenged to create fabrication product inspired by traditional joint work’s principle.” . But due to lack of time and experience, we decided not to learn the techniques of joints that exists in Indonesia, but learning how to adapt the techniques of traditional joint into a joint that can fabricated digitally. This project is a form of our study to convert the working principles of the traditional connection and how it can be fabricated. We agreed to produce a product that has a value of function from the knowledge above.

We inspired by a fabrication lab at Lawrence Technological University named makeLab™. On one of their project, makeLab™ perform conversion process from Indian traditional joint to become an art installation made by fabrication process. From there, we started this project to learn how makeLab™ adapt a traditional connection into a fabrication product plus by adding extra value of function to that joint.

Fabrication methods we use are tessellation and sectioning. Both of these methods was able to create the form required (there should be space on the inside of the module to become the locking-space for the joint of the next modules) In the process of realization, we create a template layer of 3 which will be used as one module. Each layer in sequence are made of acrylic-multiplex-acrylic, with the multiplex layer will be locking the Y-axis direction of the force, while the acrylic layer response to the force of the X axis. We use 7 millimeters bolts to secure the force of the axis Z. After the template is completed accurately by using digital application Rhinoceros and exported to CAD, laser-cutting process begins and afterwards the assembly process.

Obstacles that we face such as the level of precision which must be very high when creating the templates.

Lack of experience and knowledge when determining the speed and power of laser cutting machines, makes the process takes more time than usual. There are some inputs from our external reviewer about the logic of forces, how to make the product function as a table may function in accordance with the standard by dividing the mass heavier in the middle to bottom, as well as how to recognize the character of the material multiplex (timber) with a view wood fiber and its influence to the streaming load.

PLAN

FRONT VIEW

SIDE VIEW

C BALDOON 2.0 Faiza Dini Hanifah - 1406530426| Hanifa Fijriah - 1406530602| Winda Hutami Tatyana - 1406530571

“Inspired by some critics from children about how boring it is to use the globe to study geography, the idea came with all its interests and specific technical constrains.�

The first BALDOON 1.0 had many issues that needed to be solved as we took the idea of the globe to be our initial idea. The BALDOON 2.0 came as a developed idea from the spherical form of the globe. We physically reformed the idea of the sphere and cut it in have and tried to answer the problems of the previous BALDOON 1.0 on how to connect each material to each other to achieve our goal.

We use cardboard for each modules by layering it to specific thickness.

We also apply clear acrylic to the top of each modules so the joints – key holes, key legs and its mechanism – can be seen.

Cardboard is used by considering its perforated character so it allows the light to be leaked in a certain degree directly to the plans around. The gap between modules, that leaking things through the cardboard and reflective lights from acrylic are exactly the combination of ambiances we are about to achieve.

Joints and overmaterial issues have been the main problem of the initial idea. On the very first of our agenda, we were planning to use CNC machine with reductive methods to make the contour of every island stated on existing globe.

The first problem was that mapping the contour of the whole earth and scale it to such a helium baloon is really a super homework. Also, we were considering how much materials we needed, how much materials remain, how much materials are we actually using and how do we connect each plate to be one product. It takes too much effort just to have an interactive globe. This is the end of our first idea and we are about to upgrade it on the next version.

BALDOON 2.0 takes the idea of spherical form from the earlier. We physically reformed the idea by cutting it into half. The next idea is answering previous technical constrain about the amounts of material and how it is connected to each other.

We simply try to make a spherical effect with very little amount of material by making it hollow. From this point, we also have a final purpose idea to make it as a lamp cap. Here we came up with a new thing that it can be a portable by applying mechanical sequence. We divided it into modules, not as plates like the earlier but rings.

We got 4 rings from the widest in the edge to the smallest in the center. Then we use stacking key holes and 3 legs for the joints than allows it to be extruded or pulled when we want to use it and flattened when we want to save or carry it somewhere.

CONSTRAINTS

Stacking layers, as already stated before, are done by the reference of codes. We used glue to stack the layers into modules. Different case for the final top layer, we used sealant to stick cardboard and acrylic. The appliance is becoming one of the most fatal things to the frontal appearance of the product. If we don’t apply the sealant equally through everypart of the surface, it will leave bubble marks on the surface and – relatively - it will disturb he whole appearance of the product.

D HEXA.120 Hexagonal Bookshelf Module

I Putu Febry Kusuma – 1406573753| Nur Muhammad Rifa’at - 1406604286 Muhammad Razaq Raudhi - 1406578464

“Our initial idea came from the basic shape of hexagonal superimposed to each other to create an limitless and continuous piece of form.�

The tessellation method became our preliminary fabrication idea in this project. The idea of expanding something to a limitless and continous form made us searching for a simple yet developable form of a tessellation method. The precedent of an Islamic hexagonal pattern with simple pattern interests us. In conclusion, we came up with a single module representing parts of a hexagonal that can be joined together limitlessly.

Illustration 1. The hexagonal form is placed in its context as a bookshelf on the wall.

The form can be changed and expanded according to our will. The illustration shows that the book is sitting nicely at an angle on the bookshelf.

Illustration 2. The final form of HEXA.120.

The configuration shown in this illustration is just one type of combination you can assemble with the hexagonal module. The joints and connections of the module can be seen very clearly.

Illustration 3. The limitless combination and experiment on the module shape. This illustration show that the module can be expanded and even change its function.

The HEXA.120 can either be something massive like a wall installation or something small like a pencil organizer.

JOINT

SURFACE

Illustration 4. The module is formed from three different surfaces. The three surfaces is joined together to form a Y module of HEXA.120. The intersection created from the module is then locked with an adapter. This adapter is made from a 3D printing machine and performs well as a rigid joint.

SURFACE JOINT

SURFACE

COMPONENTS

Upper Left: Y Module. Upper Right : L Module Bottom Left: L Adapter Joint Bottom Right: Y Adapter Joint

1 : 1 MODEL The realization model of HEXA.120.

There are a lot of constraints in achieving this type of form. The limitation of the fabrication machine meant we had to rethink our method in achieving it. The connection between the surfaces for example can not lock into each other rigidly because we had to cut it in a two dimension way.

The connection between surfaces needs to fit seamlessly to each other but the limitation of the machine meant that this is the best connection we can do with this type of form. The angled intersection is quite loose compared to our expectation on this form.

The surface uses a 3 mm thick triplex.

The triplex is glued to achieve a thicker surface with a 9 mm thickness. This fabrication was achieved using laser cutting machine with high precision.

FRONT ELEVATION

Adapter Joint

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RIGHT ELEVATION

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E THE TATAKAN

R M Gulam Nurul Imam - 1306413694 | Rona Permata Hati - 1306367536 Khalil Gibran - 1406566224

“We decide to make something which could be produced in mass scale and cheapest budget.”

We take a decision to make a laptop pad based on our experiences in using a laptop while sitting on the floor (the same level between laptop and where we sat). The pain and inconvenient brought us an idea about TATAKAN. The concept itself came from modular, where customers can adjust their own measurement as their needs. It could be easy to take and go because it’s adjustable.

Materials: Aluminium Zinc Sheet and Chopsticks

For fabrication method, at first we were going to make joints with 3D print and using chopsticks as frames, but we got problem with the casting. The casting needs to be heat-resistant material but could be separated with 3D print material when they were cool. We were about to use resin but it was too expensive and opposite with our idea to had less budget. We had some experiment with glue for the cast, we use Fox Glue and paper mixture and Fox Glue. The experiment led us to nowhere because it took 4 days to dry out.

After the experiment, we change our method by using laser cut to make joints. We were measuring and making prototype for module of joint with art carton paper until we found the right measurement.

There were 3 joints. Their principle was the same, the joint was joining two or more chopsticks, to make them stand stay still. We interlock the joint with lock.

The lock will be locked and shaping tube form so the chopstick could get in. The chopsticks are connected to other by the joints and forming a laptop pad where we could place our laptop on it and giving the ergonomic measurement between user and laptop.

For realization, we used aluminium zinc sheet for joint. We chose it because we need something more rigid than art carton paper, but could be bent in order to shape tube form for chopsticks. Other reason, it was cheap and easy to find. The problem was in Department Fabrication Lab, laser cut machine couldn’t work with metal. We had to find commercial laser cut or do it manually. In the end, we did it manually from measuring the pattern, cutting the material, shaping the joints, and placing the chopstick in to the joints.

The obstacles we had, first was production system on forming the joints was hard because we did manually and would cost more. Second, the joint at first was gripping the chopstick very well, but after few lodge and dislodge, the joints became loose. It made the whole TATAKAN fragile. Third, the joints could break, alumininum zinc sheet might be more rigid than art carton paper but they could be fractured on the folded side. Forth, it was fragile so we were not sure if it worked for laptop pad. If we put laptop on TATAKAN the joint wouldn’t capable to resist the laptop weights and led it to second obstacle.

Our reflection, we should think another way to could grip the chopsticks. We could use gear to grip the chopstick tightly. The problem of folded side fractures could be handled by filling glue to make it more rigid and strong. And the last problem about production system we did manually on forming the joints, we could use folding machine in the real mass production.

PLAN

FRONT VIEW

SIDE VIEW

F THE CTHULHU Aulia Amardhika – 1306413391 | Kevin Romario – 1306409280 M Dwi Rochmansyah – 1306403226 | Mutiara P S W – 1206204260

KINETIC ART

MANDALA

“Instead of just a static product, why don’t we make something with mechanical properties?

Something that not only stand, but also has interactive value. ”

By the many possibilities of fabrication methods, there’s one quality that desribes most of the final product : static. The puzzle-like joints, the layering of materials, etc leads to a still-standing, or possibly, hanging sculpted goods. What we are trying to do here is to expand the vocabulary.

The first thing that comes to mind is: a kinetic sculpture. We want to engage people to experience the mechanism. Our approach when we decided to make kinetic art would be to make some simple rotating wheel while keeping the concept of “mandala” in mind.

Mandala is a diagram or pattern that represents the microcosm of the universe. Mandala was originally made by monks using sand to make gorgeous, intricate pattern. After the mandala has been done, it is wiped away immediately. While it itself is a beautiful allegory to life in general, we also wants that instantaneous quality to be present in our work.

CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

Cthulhu is wooden kinetic sculpture, consisting of blades and gears connected with belts and springs, and fixed on a standing core. The blades and gears would rotate in certain directions, and that can be triggered by giving force on one of the wheels.

The rotation is constant, as the spring would hold the forces and bounce the blade back to spin in different direction. This can be achieved also by the help of escapement system on the blade that works like a stopper to force the blade to rotate to another direction.

This sculpture gives us a sense of hypnotic tranquility, as the blades and gears movement can be perceived as “moving pattern�. As the blades gracefully collide and drift apart, a visual illusion can be perceived, a momentary presence of pattern that just capture our sensory in an instant.

MECHANISM

The method of fabrication used here is mostly layering, using laser-cut 3 mm plywood sheets for the blade and gears, and 12 mm plywood sheets for the main core. We used glue, and nuts and bolts to build the parts. Ball-bearings are fixed up on the blades and gears, and finally, every parts are put onto steel axles in the axis.

“As the blades gracefully collide and drift apart, a visual illusion can be perceived, a momentary presence of pattern that just capture our sensory in an instant. �

G The POT

Fabricated Habitat For Plants And Birds

Mohaddeseh Maktabifard – 1306399090| Astrid Vidya – 1306437574 Rahmatina Widyarini – 1406642113 | Nadia Cantika Putri – 1306437605 Zalfa Nabilah – 1406547162

The Pot

Front Eyebird View On Context Position

The overall concept is to create a bird feeder and the chosen type of bird feeder is the platform one which as a group, we want the design to step up its game to a whole new level.

Since the proposal is to put it on a tree, we decided to add a space for an open container for plants to the programming.

The combination of both thus, is expected to make the design aesthetically blend with the environment. In that case, we choose processed wood, as the material for it is aesthetically pleasing. Other than that, we also take it as a consideration that processed wood is laser-cut-able. Therefore, without any more consideration but joints, we moved on to the method of fabrication.

For the design, we came up with three configurations that are meant for the bird feeder, the plants, and a space for a bird bath (or a container that can hold water for bird to drink and bath). Those configurations are then arranged in a way that it can be suitable to be placed in the middle of two tree branches.

Consequently, the design will not just sit on the tree but be a part of it. Since that method has to includes joints that will be strong yet flexible enough to hold the design with that is made with certain angles, which in this case we also avoid usage of glue, we came up with using aluminum as a flexible base. We figured that aluminum is a material that is rigid but flexible to be folded at certain angles and it is also laser-cut-able. Simultaneously, joints can be made out of aluminum since the arrangement proposal is for the wood and aluminum to be in a sandwich mode.

Thus, the joints are the cuttings from aluminum that goes to a cutting of a hole on the wood and just slip and fold it through the wood.

In extent to that, the use of both materials are planned to be fabricated using laser cut. Subsequently, thickness of materials is also being considered. We need both materials to be lightweight so that it will not break when its placed on the tree nor it will ruin the tree. In addition, especially for the wood, it has to be lightweight enough since it will be placed on folded and light aluminum. CADs are used to prepare for the laser cutting. The difficulties we faced in the creative process were mostly revolve around how to connect unconnected planes (which then we decided to add joints for necessary sides), choosing thickness for the aluminum for it has to be thin enough to be laser cutted, and some other technical issues around arranging cutting joints from the aluminum, etc.

The wood works just fine with the laser cut with its 3 millimeters thickness since we only reducing several parts for joints and cut the outline of the plan but for the aluminum, we had been suggested by the laser cut place that we used CNC milling machine instead which in the end has no significant difference with the result of the wood laser cuttings. Thus, both method has worked perfectly fine for the design especially since the joints have curved edges and works well with the CNC milling. However, we realized that we could have extent our thinking towards the amount of materials we used plus the sandwich method while we can just use less. But the whole point is to make it blend with the nature thus we emphasize the usage of the wood. All in all, we have reached our expected result and we the design can be useful in the future.

CONTRIBUTORS ASTRID VIDYA DIC VLA VIDYA Dina Marcelina FAIZA DINI HANIFAH HANIFA FIJRIAH Isna Naziladinka KHALIL GIBRAN MOHADDESEH MAKTABIFARD MUHAMMAD DWI ROCHMASNYAH MUHAMMAD RAZZAQ RAUDHI MUTIARA PUJARIANI S W NABILA JAMAL NADIA CANTIKA PUTRI NOVIAR DWIDAUD NUR MUHAMMAD RIFA’AT R M GULAM NURUL IMAM RAHMATINA WIDYARINI RONA PERMATA HATI SHOFAGI RANIYAH WINDA HUTAMI TATYANA ZALFA NABILAH

EDITORS AULIA AMARDHIKA MOSMARTH DIMAS ADITAMA FIKRI I PUTU FEBRY KUSUMA KEVIN ROMARIO DHARMASENA

SPECIAL THANKS OUR LECTURERS

CAHYO WILIS CANDRAWAN ENIRA ARVANDA MIKHAEL JOHANES