non_Fictional Cities

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _

_NON-FICTIONAL CITIES

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _

UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY COORDINATORS: UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES_PROFS: DANIELA ATENCIO AND CLAUDIO ROSSI EDITION VIRTUAL EXHIBITION AND BOOKLET: UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES_PROFS: DANIELA ATENCIO AND CLAUDIO ROSSI _NON-FICTIONAL CITIES

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _

UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY COORDINATORS: UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES_PROFS: DANIELA ATENCIO AND CLAUDIO ROSSI EDITION VIRTUAL EXHIBITION AND BOOKLET: UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES_PROFS: DANIELA ATENCIO AND CLAUDIO ROSSI

1ST GLOBAL WO POST-COVID IM RKSHOP GINARY 6

_NON-FICTIONAL CITIES

ORKSHOP MAGINARY 1ST GLOBAL W POST-COVID IM 1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 7

“Ecology is not the name of a party, or even of something to worry about; it is a call for a change of direction: Toward the Terrestrial!”

Latour, Bruno. “Down to Earth: Politics in the New Climatic Regime”. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken: 2018

_NON-FICTIONAL CITIES

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _

“Ecology is not the name of a party, or even of something to worry about; it is a call for a change of direction: Toward the Terrestrial!”

Latour, Bruno. “Down to Earth: Politics in the New Climatic Regime”. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken: 2018

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INTRO UNIVERSIDAD DE UNIVERSIDAD DE UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES LOS LOS ANDES ANDES

PROFS.: DANIELA ATENCIO / CLAUDIO ROSSI PROFS.: DANIELA ATENCIO / CLAUDIO ROSSI PROFS.: DANIELA ATENCIO / CLAUDIO ROSSI PROFS.: DANIELA ATENCIO / CLAUDIO ROSSI

PAGE 194 ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION

PROF. LAWRENCE BARTH

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UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE MELBOURNE MELBOURNE

PROF. JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ PROF. JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ PROF. JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ PROF. JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ

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SOUTH CHINA SOUTH CHINA SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY

PROFS. MICHELLE XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, PROFS. MICHELLE IVOR QING WANG XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, PROFS. MICHELLE LING, KE XIANG, IVOR QING WANG XIAOHONG PROFS. MICHELLE XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, IVOR QING WANG IVOR QING WANG

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JURY PANEL UNIVERSIDAD UNIVERSIDAD UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA VENEZUELA VENEZUELA

PAGE 104 UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES

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PROFS. ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI, JOSÉ PROFS. ALESSANDRO JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANAFAMIGLIETTI, G., JUAN CARLOS PROFS. ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI, JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G., JUAN CARLOS PARILLI PROFS. ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI, JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G., JUAN CARLOS PARILLI ALEJANDRO SANTANA G., JUAN CARLOS PARILLI PARILLI

PROFS.: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ, AXEL FRIDMAN

_STUD _STUD DANIEL _STUD DANIEL JUANIT _STUD DANIEL JUANIT EZEQU DANIEL JUANIT EZEQU MARIA JUANIT EZEQU MARIA E DIANA EZEQU MARIA DIANA E EMMA B MARIA _STUD DIANA E EMMA B MANUE DIANA E CONST EMMA B MANUEB SERGIO EMMA CAROL MANUE SERGIO VALERI MANUE HILAL K SERGIO VALERI SERGIO MURIEL VALERI VALERI MARLE _STUD _STUD YUUKI JIE JIN /N _STUD JIE JIN NAN LI/ _STUD JIE JIN / NAN LI JIAQI M/ JIE JIN NAN LI JIAQI M LINGAS NAN LI JIAQI M LINGAS LUKE K JIAQI M LINGAS LUKE K KUSHA LINGAS LUKE K KUSHA JOO LUKELIE K KUSHA JOO LIE YANXIA KUSHA JOO LIE YANXIA WEI JOO DO LIE YANXIA WEI DO YANXIA WEI DO WEI DO _STUD _STUD MENGY _STUD MENGY MINSHI _STUD MENGY MINSHI YU DUA MENGY MINSHI YU DUA YANQI MINSHIH YU DUAH YANQI CHENG YU DUA YANQI H CHENG LINGHU YANQI CHENGH LINGHU JIANMIN CHENG LINGHU JIANMIN LINGHU JIANMIN STEFAN JIANMIN _STUD PETER _STUD DANIEL _STUD CAROL DANIEL CARLA _STUD DANIEL ODILE CARLA STEPH DANIELD CARLA TOM KV STEPH JUAN B CARLA STEPH ANTON JUAN JORGE STEPHB JUAN B HERNA JORGE DANIEL JUAN B JORGE COLIN DANIEL ANDRE JORGEF DANIEL OSCAR ANDRE SEVER DANIEL ANDRE DANIEL SEVER OLIVER ANDRE SEVER MARCE OLIVER JESÚS SEVER OLIVER JESÚS CHIARA OLIVER JESÚS CHIARA JESÚS CHIARA _STUD CHIARA VICTOR FRANC IAN BEA MALEN JEREMI JOAQU MICHEL IVO LAU FRANC JENNIF FACUN ESTEFA

_STUDENTS / _STUDENTS / / CARLOS ROJAS DANIEL ESLAVA _STUDENTS / DANIEL ESLAVA ROJASZAMORA JUANITA ECHEVERRY / ANDREA _STUDENTS / / CARLOS DANIEL ESLAVA / CARLOS ROJASZAMORA JUANITA ECHEVERRY / ANDREA EZEQUIEL LEIBOVIC / SOFÍA URIBE DANIEL ESLAVA / CARLOS ROJAS JUANITA ECHEVERRY / ANDREA ZAMORA EZEQUIEL LEIBOVIC / SOFÍA URIBE MARIA CAMILA SÁNCHEZ / ANDRÉS FELIPE CRANE JUANITA ECHEVERRY / ANDREA ZAMORA EZEQUIEL LEIBOVIC / SOFÍA URIBE MARIA CAMILA SÁNCHEZ / ANDRÉS DIANA ESLAIT / ANNIE AMAYA EZEQUIEL LEIBOVIC / SOFÍA URIBE FELIPE CRANE MARIA CAMILA SÁNCHEZ / ANDRÉS FELIPE CRANE DIANA ESLAIT ANNIE AMAYA EMMA BONILLA / ANTONIO VELEZ FELIPE CRANE MARIA CAMILA//SÁNCHEZ / ANDRÉS DIANA ESLAIT ANNIE AMAYA EMMA BONILLA / ANTONIO VELEZ MANUELA ARDILA DIANA ESLAIT / ANNIE AMAYA EMMA BONILLA / ANTONIO VELEZ MANUELA ARDILA SERGIO BELLUCCI / SANTIAGO UNDA EMMA BONILLA / ANTONIO VELEZ MANUELA ARDILA / SANTIAGO UNDA SERGIO BELLUCCI VALERIA ROZO / MANUELA SILVA MANUELA ARDILA / SANTIAGO UNDA SERGIO BELLUCCI VALERIABELLUCCI ROZO / MANUELA SILVA SERGIO / SANTIAGO UNDA VALERIA ROZO / MANUELA SILVA VALERIA ROZO / MANUELA SILVA _STUDENTS / _STUDENTS JIE JIN / DEON/ CHAM / HEYU LU _STUDENTS / CHAM / HEYU LU JIE JIN NAN LI//DEON JIAQI/MO / THOMAS TSE / LINGAS TRAN _STUDENTS JIE JIN / DEON CHAM / HEYU TSE LU / LINGAS TRAN NAN LI /DEON JIAQI MO / THOMAS JIAQI MO / THOMAS TSE / NAN JIE JIN / CHAM / HEYU LULI DENNIS LEUNG / LINGAS TRAN STEFANO BOERI NAN LI / JIAQI MO / THOMAS TSE TRAN JIAQI MO / THOMAS TSE / NAN LI ////LINGAS DENNIS LEUNG LINGAS TRAN / NAN LI / JIAQI MO THOMAS TSE / LINGAS TRAN NAN LI /TESTA JIAQI MO / THOMAS TSE LINGAS TRAN PETER JIAQI MO / THOMAS TSE / NAN LI / DENNIS LEUNG TRAN LINGAS TRAN / NAN LI / JIAQI MO / THOMAS TSE // LINGAS LUKE KIM / ARINAH RIZAL / QUN ZHANG JIAQI MO / THOMAS TSE / NAN LI / DENNIS LEUNG LINGAS TRAN CAROLINE BOS LINGAS TRAN / NAN LI / JIAQI MO / THOMAS TSE LUKE KIM / ARINAH RIZAL /GONG QUN ZHANG KUSHAGRA JHURANI SOHAN MITRA LINGAS TRAN / NANRIZAL LI/ /RUI JIAQI MOZHANG // THOMAS TSE / XINZHUO TIAN LUKE KIM / ARINAH / QUN ODILE DECQ KUSHAGRA JHURANI / RUI//GONG / SOHAN JOO CHAN YANGFAN PANMITRA / XINZHUO TIAN LUKELIEW KIM / YUKYEE ARINAH RIZAL QUN ZHANG KUSHAGRA JHURANICHAN / RUI /GONG / SOHAN MITRA / XINZHUO TIAN TOM KVAN/ YUKYEE JOO LIEW YANGFAN PAN YANXIANG YANG / WEI/ RUI DONG / XINMING SUN / JUNKAI HUANG KUSHAGRA JHURANI GONG / SOHAN MITRA / XINZHUO TIAN ANTONIO LIPTHAY JOO LIEW / YUKYEE CHAN / YANGFAN PAN YANXIANG YANG / WEI DONG / XINMING SUN / JUNKAI HUANG WEI DONG / XINMING SUN JUNKAI HUANG / YANXIANG YANG JOO LIEW / YUKYEE CHAN / YANGFAN PAN HERNANDOYANG BARRAGÁN YANXIANG / WEISUN DONG / XINMING SUN/ YANXIANG / JUNKAI HUANG WEI DONG /YANG XINMING / JUNKAI HUANG YANG YANXIANG / WEI DONG / XINMING SUN / JUNKAI HUANG COLIN FOURNIER WEI DONG / XINMING SUN / JUNKAI HUANG / YANXIANG YANG WEI DONG / XINMING SUN / JUNKAI HUANG / YANXIANG YANG _STUDENTS / OSCAR GRAUER _STUDENTS / MENGYU WU / SIYA YANG DANIEL VASINI _STUDENTS // SIYA YANG MENGYU WUGOW MARCELYN MINSHI ZHANG _STUDENTS / / XIAOLIN LIU MENGYU WU / SIYA YANGLIU MINSHI ZHANG / XIAOLIN YU DUAN / ZILANG CHEN MENGYU WU / SIYA YANGLIU MINSHI ZHANG / XIAOLIN YU DUAN / ZILANG CHEN YANQI HUANG //SHI QIU LIU MINSHI ZHANG XIAOLIN YU DUAN / ZILANG YANQI HUANG SHICHEN QIU CHENGLIN HU / JIAYE ZHONG YU DUAN / ZILANG CHEN YANQI HUANG SHI QIU CHENGLIN HU ////JIAYE ZHONG LINGHUI KONG ZHAOJIE HUANG YANQI HUANG SHI QIU CHENGLIN HU //JIAYE ZHONG LINGHUI KONG HUANG JIANMING CHEN /ZHAOJIE MINGYAN ZHAO / RANPENG CHEN CHENGLIN HU / JIAYE ZHONG LINGHUI KONG / /ZHAOJIE HUANG JIANMING CHEN MINGYAN ZHAO / RANPENG CHEN LINGHUI HUANG JIANMINGKONG CHEN/ /ZHAOJIE MINGYAN ZHAO / RANPENG CHEN JIANMING CHEN _STUDENTS / / MINGYAN ZHAO / RANPENG CHEN _STUDENTS / DANIELA BIANCHI / PAULA FANDIÑO / MARÍA CLARETTE GUERRA / LUIS TREJO / HARVIC MADRIZ _STUDENTS / DANIELA BIANCHI / PAULA FANDIÑO MARÍA CLARETTE GUERRA / LUIS TREJO / HARVIC MADRIZ CARLA CANTAGALLO / AMIRA BAZZI // ANDREA DE SOUZA _STUDENTS / DANIELA BIANCHI / PAULA FANDIÑO / ANDREA MARÍA CLARETTE GUERRA / LUIS TREJO / HARVIC MADRIZ CARLA CANTAGALLO / AMIRA BAZZI / DE SOUZA STEPHANIE CHIARULLO / TOMÁS CAEIRO / ALEJANDRO DÁVILA / LUIS TREJO / HARVIC MADRIZ DANIELA BIANCHI / PAULA FANDIÑO / MARÍA CLARETTE GUERRA CARLA CANTAGALLO / AMIRA BAZZI / ANDREA DE SOUZA STEPHANIE CHIARULLO / TOMÁS CAEIRO / ALEJANDRO DÁVILA JUAN PÈREZ / AUGUSTO RIVERA / /RODOLFO WALLIS CARLAB.CANTAGALLO / AMIRA BAZZI ANDREA DE SOUZA STEPHANIE CHIARULLO / TOMÁS CAEIRO / ALEJANDRO DÁVILA JUAN B. PÈREZ / AUGUSTO RIVERA / RODOLFO WALLIS JORGE CHACÍN ALBERTO SCHWARZ / RICARDO SARDINHA STEPHANIE CHIARULLO / TOMÁS CAEIRO / ALEJANDRO DÁVILA JUAN B. PÈREZ / AUGUSTO RIVERA / RODOLFO WALLIS JORGE ALBERTO SCHWARZ / RICARDO SARDINHA DANIEL CARRERA / CLAUDIA GOUVERNEUR / DANIELA JELAMBI / JANEIRI BARRADAS / VANESSA FARRA JUAN B.CHACÍN PÈREZ /// AUGUSTO RIVERA / RODOLFO WALLIS JORGE CHACÍN ALBERTO SCHWARZ / RICARDO SARDINHA DANIEL CARRERA / CLAUDIA GOUVERNEUR / DANIELA JELAMBI / JANEIRI BARRADAS / VANESSA FARRA ANDREINA BRUZUAL / LUZMARINA CAMPITELLI CORDERO / VANESSA JIMENEZ / NEBRASKA JORGE CHACÍN / ALBERTO SCHWARZ / RICARDO/ GABRIELA SARDINHA DANIEL CARRERA / CLAUDIA GOUVERNEUR / DANIELA JELAMBI / JANEIRI BARRADAS / VANESSA FARRA ANDREINA BRUZUAL / LUZMARINA CAMPITELLI / GABRIELA CORDERO / VANESSA JIMENEZ / NEBRASKA SEVER DANIEL CARRERA / CLAUDIA GOUVERNEUR / DANIELA JELAMBI / JANEIRI BARRADAS / VANESSA FARRA ANDREINA BRUZUAL / LUZMARINA CAMPITELLI / GABRIELA CORDERO / VANESSA JIMENEZ / NEBRASKA SEVER OLIVER BELISARIO / JAVIER BARRIOS / IGOR FUENTES ANDREINA BRUZUAL / LUZMARINA CAMPITELLI / GABRIELA CORDERO / VANESSA JIMENEZ / NEBRASKA SEVER OLIVER BELISARIO / JAVIER BARRIOS/ JOSÉ / IGORMIGUEL FUENTES JESÚS / ANDREA CARRERA SOSA / ARGENIS SUÁREZ SEVER ARNÍAZ OLIVER BELISARIO / JAVIER BARRIOS/ JOSÉ / IGORMIGUEL FUENTES JESÚS ARNÍAZ / ANDREA CARRERA SOSA / ARGENIS SUÁREZ CHIARA MARIUS / MARIANNA QUINTERO OLIVER BELISARIO / JAVIER BARRIOS / IGORMIGUEL FUENTES JESÚS ARNÍAZ / ANDREA CARRERA / JOSÉ SOSA / ARGENIS SUÁREZ CHIARA MARIUS / MARIANNA QUINTERO JESÚS ARNÍAZ / ANDREA CARRERA / JOSÉ MIGUEL SOSA / ARGENIS SUÁREZ CHIARA MARIUS QUINTERO _STUDENTS / // MARIANNA CHIARA MARIUS MARIANNA QUINTERO VICTORIA GUPPY / VICTORIA IRIGOYEN / SASHA SCHNAIDER FRANCISCO JOAQUIN BRUNO / ALEJANDRA BEATRIZ CAMPOS IAN BEATTI / TADEO URGOITI MALENA GARABATOS BONARD / MALOLA CANAY GARCIA JEREMIAS ALAN DABBAH / CAMILA CRUDO / SOFIA DI TOMASO JOAQUIN MIRANDA / LAUTARO NISI MICHELLE KATHERINE LAUSI / SHIRLY ZALESKI IVO LAUTARO FLORENTIN / NICOLAS GOVER FRANCISCO CHUA / MARINA MEZA JENNIFER CECILIA YOO / FLORENCIA GRAMAGLIA FACUNDO GARCIA BERRO / SOFIA JORGE / RINA GHIONI ESTEFANÍA LITOVICH / MARÍA CELESTE O’CONNELL 1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _

ESTEFA ESTEFA

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INTRO PONTIFICIA PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA CATÓLICA DE DE PAGE 194 ARCHITECTURAL CHILE CHILE ASSOCIATION

PAGE 170 UNIVERSIDAD PAGE 170 UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN SIMÓN BOLÍVAR BOLÍVAR

PROF. VIVIANO VILLAREAL PROF. PROF. VIVIANO VIVIANO VILLAREAL VILLAREAL

_STUD _STUD _STUD FÁTIMA FÁTIMA FÁTIMA ARMAN ARMAN ARMAN JIMENA JIMENA JIMENA VALENT VALENT VALENT URI SUV URI SUV URI EVASUV MA EVA EVA MA ANA MA TE ANA TE TE ANA SO ANA SO ANA SO VALERI VALERI VALERI PAULA PAULA PAULA

PROFS. HUGO MONDRAGÓN, MANOLA PROFS. PROFS. HUGO HUGO MONDRAGÓN, MONDRAGÓN, MANOLA MANOLA OGALDE OGALDE OGALDE

_STUD _STUD _STUD MELINK MELINK MELINK MAIRA MAIRA MAIRA FRANC FRANC FRANCG LUCA LUCA G LUCA JAVIERA _STUDG JAVIERA JAVIERA DANIEL CONST DANIEL DANIEL CAROL DANIEL DANIEL HILAL K _STUD MURIEL _STUD _STUD MARLE ANDRE ANDRE ANDRE YUUKI N ANGEL ANGEL ANGEL FEDOR FEDOR FEDOR FERNA FERNA FERNA KELLY KELLY KELLY MARÌA MARÌA MARÌA MARÍA MARÍA MARÍA MARÍA MARÍA MILENA MILENA MILENA PASQU PASQU PASQU ROSA M ROSA ROSA LM M SARA SARA SARA L L _STUD CONST CAROL HILAL K MURIEL MARLE YUUKI N

PROF. LAWRENCE BARTH

PROFS. GUILLERMO FRONTADO, FRANCO PROFS. FRONTADO, PROFS. GUILLERMO GUILLERMO FRONTADO, FRANCO FRANCO MICUCCI, MANUEL BARRIOS MICUCCI, MICUCCI, MANUEL MANUEL BARRIOS BARRIOS

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PROF. LAWRENCE BARTH

STEFAN PETER CAROL ODILE D TOM KV ANTON HERNA COLIN F OSCAR DANIEL MARCE

ESTEFANÍA ESTEFANÍA LITOVICH LITOVICH // MARÍA MARÍA CELESTE CELESTE O’CONNELL O’CONNELL _STUDENTS / _STUDENTS _STUDENTS // / MARIAN MAC GREGOR FÁTIMA BARUD FÁTIMA BARUD BARUD MARIAN MAC GREGOR FÁTIMA // MARIAN MAC GREGOR ARMANDO SASTRÉ PRIEGO / JORDI LÁRRAGA ARMANDO SASTRÉ PRIEGO / JORDI ARMANDO SASTRÉ PRIEGO / JORDI LÁRRAGA JIMENA MIJARES BLANCO / VALERIALÁRRAGA DÁVILA VERÁSTEGUI JIMENA MIJARES BLANCO VALERIA DÁVILA VERÁSTEGUI VERÁSTEGUI JIMENA MIJARES BLANCO // VALERIA DÁVILA VALENTINA MAIDANA / MARIANA GONZÁLEZ GARZA VALENTINA MAIDANA / MARIANA GONZÁLEZ GARZA VALENTINA MAIDANA / MARIANA GONZÁLEZ GARZA URI SUVALSKY MENDELEJIS URI SUVALSKY MENDELEJIS URI MENDELEJIS EVASUVALSKY MARÍA GAYTÁN LIZÁRRAGA / IGNACIO ORTIZ BAKER EVA MARÍA GAYTÁN LIZÁRRAGA IGNACIO ORTIZ ORTIZ BAKER BAKER EVA MARÍA GAYTÁN LIZÁRRAGA // IGNACIO ANA TERESA FURBER RODRÍGUEZ ANA TERESA FURBER RODRÍGUEZ ANA TERESA FURBER RODRÍGUEZ SOFÍA GÓMEZ RAMONES ANA SOFÍA GÓMEZ RAMONES RAMONES ANA SOFÍA GÓMEZ VALERIA GONZÁLEZ GARZA / NOHEMÍ GUAJARDO PIÑA VALERIAFERNANDA GONZÁLEZGARCÍA GARZADE NOHEMÍ GUAJARDO PIÑA PIÑA VALERIA GONZÁLEZ GARZA // NOHEMÍ GUAJARDO PAULA LA GARZA PAULA FERNANDA FERNANDA GARCÍA GARCÍA DE DE LA LA GARZA GARZA PAULA _STUDENTS / _STUDENTS // JAVIERA LORCA _STUDENTS MELINKA BIER, MELINKA BIER, JAVIERA LORCA MELINKA BIER, JAVIERASANCHEZ LORCA MAIRA VEGA, HERNAN MAIRA VEGA, HERNAN SANCHEZ MAIRA VEGA, HERNAN SANCHEZ FRANCISCA AMENÁBAR, JOSEPHINA TORRUBIANO FRANCISCA AMENÁBAR, JOSEPHINA FRANCISCA AMENÁBAR, JOSEPHINA TORRUBIANO LUCA GARNERONE, LUCIANA TRUFFATORRUBIANO LUCA GARNERONE, LUCIANA TRUFFA LUCA GARNERONE, TRUFFA JAVIERA PAÚL, PILARLUCIANA LIRA JAVIERA PILAR LIRA JAVIERA PAÚL, PAÚL, PILAR ROBERTO LIRA DANIELA GONZÁLEZ, GONZÁLEZ DANIELA ROBERTO GONZÁLEZ DANIELA GONZÁLEZ, GONZÁLEZ, ROBERTO GONZÁLEZ MANZUR, CATALINA QUINTANA DANIELA MANZUR, CATALINA QUINTANA DANIELA MANZUR, CATALINA QUINTANA _STUDENTS / _STUDENTS // _STUDENTS ANDREA ALGARA ANDREA ALGARA ANDREA ALGARA ANGELICA DE BERNARDO ANGELICA DE ANGELICA DE BERNARDO BERNARDO FEDORA PORTILLO FEDORA PORTILLO FEDORA PORTILLO FERNANDO PERAZA FERNANDO PERAZA FERNANDO PERAZA KELLY CHACÓN KELLY CHACÓN KELLY CHACÓN MARÌA LAURA SUÁREZ MARÌA LAURA HEREDIA SUÁREZ MARÌA LAURA SUÁREZ MARÍA MARÍA LAURA LAURA HEREDIA HEREDIA MARÍA ALESSANDRA NIETO MARÍA ALESSANDRA MARÍA ALESSANDRA NIETO MILENA CAPOBIANCONIETO MILENA CAPOBIANCO MILENA CAPOBIANCO PASQUALE CUCCHIA PASQUALE CUCCHIA PASQUALE CUCCHIA ROSA MORENO ROSA MORENO ROSA LEIVA MORENO SARA SARA SARA LEIVA LEIVA _STUDENTS / CONSTANZA CARRILLO CAROLINA GILARDI HILAL KUSCU MURIEL MULIER MARLENE ORTIZ YUUKI NOGUCHI STEFANO BOERI PETER TESTA CAROLINE BOS ODILE DECQ TOM KVAN ANTONIO LIPTHAY HERNANDO BARRAGÁN COLIN FOURNIER OSCAR GRAUER DANIEL VASINI MARCELYN GOW

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _

Pollution, violence, the collapse of health and transportation systems, global warming, the 2020 Pandemic (Covid-19), isolation and social distancing, have abruptly positioned the city as an apparent fictional scenario. The other (or the otherness), the fear, the outside and its new relationships with the domestic, the new space inhabited by networks and technologies, promote relationships that must be explored from the architectural perspectives.

This workshop suggests new ways of making the evident -Fictional city- perceivable, being able to represent it from existing technologies, promoting synopses and alternatives about changes in these circumstances as a way to contribute to the world reflection on the future:

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What comes next ?

intro

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 011

The challenge was to synthesize and imaginary speculative escenario in one single drawing as an argument about the future!

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 13

The challenge was to synthesize and imaginary speculative escenario in one single drawing as an argument about the future!

TRIGGERS_ PROPOSAL _ S

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TRIGGERS PROPOSA

__ LS

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 15

ZOOM INTO THE DETAIL S!

THERE ARE MANY!

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ZOOM INTO THE DETAI

!

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LS!

THERE ARE MANY

_NEW TERRITORIES >>>>FANTASTIC REALITIES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO/DR. CLAUDIO ROSSI _Our starting point is the reflection of the post-pandemic future on a fundamental basis: reality is fantastic.

According to Fernand Braudel 1 (1992), in his gaze on the historiographic layers of society, the layer of everyday life is the place where the present and reality operate. Events are the factors that activate this layer, but sometimes they have the capacity to remove the deepest foundations of our structure as a society. An earthquake, a torrential avalanche, a terrorist attack or the quick and increasing spread of a deadly virus (pandemic), are events that can redirect the course of a country and even the world itself, towards a new reality. (Crisis vs. Circumstances )2. This new reality, or what we have called the fantastic reality, can be understood as the “new normality”, however, for this academic space, reality itself, especially in our Latin American contexts, will be understood as the superposition of complexities and the accumulation of layers of violence associated with the territory where we live. To look at this violence, we will start from the observation of reality, but more in the literary sense of Gabriel García Márquez, Borges or Uslar-Pietri, as a “magical realism”. There is no greater fiction than reality itself.

Stuart Elden (2013), in his book The Birth of Territory3 , explains that the etymology of the word territory comes from the same etymological root of the word terror. The city and especially the Latin American one, in its exponential urbanizing context, can be understood as a dynamic, changing, emergent territory. Fear, pollution, insecurity, are ideas or perceptions that are generally associated with the city. The COVID19 pandemic has not been but another element in this reality. From this position we will explore the construction of new territories, as critical, fateful or optimistic scenarios. Utopic, dystopic, but preferably heterotopic4. These scenarios are: The aerial as new territory (Add)__The underground as soil recovery (Remove)__City as habitable ruin (Add) __Mountains as new topographies (Add_Remove)__Caves as rural excavations (Bunker) (Remove)__ Flooded or floodable (Add)__From violent to biolent (Add).

Daniela Atencio M.Sc. / B.Arch Architect, with 11 years of professional experience. Completed her professional degree at Universidad Rafael Urdaneta in Venezuela, receiving the Summa Cum Laude award.

Subsequently, completed Post-Graduate studies (Master of Science in Architectural Technologies) at Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI_Arc) in the United States, where she graduated with Distinction. In Venezuela, worked at the firm Nones + Nones, participating in 60 projects in South America and the Caribbean. In the United States, worked at PATTERNS as Senior Associate, where she led a wide range of projects in America, Europe and Asia. Her academic and professional work covers topics of advanced technologies in architecture, representation, robotics, coding and digital fabrication, published by various platforms and associations, such as the International Association for Robots in Architecture ROB | ARCH. Among the most relevant exhibitions, Agent based computational design exhibition by Satoru Sugihara in Paris, SCI-Arc Spring Show and Close-up exhibition in Los Angeles, stand out. She has taught and has being invited as jury at Universidad Rafael Urdaneta in Venezuela and in recent years at UCLA and SCI-Arc. In 2019, she joins Universidad de Los Andes, where she addresses areas of speculation in computational design, digital fabrication, representation and advanced technologies applied in both architecture and design.

Claudio Rossi PhD/M.Sc./BArch Doctor in Architecture, Master in Urban Design, and Architect, with experience in architectural, landscape and urban projects in the professional and academic field that have been awarded, such as: the Urban Project for the Central Coast of Venezuela after the Natural Disasters of 1999 [National Architecture Award and Mention of Honor to the Best Urban Project, Caracas Biennale, 2001]. Lecturer, jury, critic and reviewer in Architecture, Urban Design and Landscape Architecture in different universities in Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina, Perú, Italy, Australia and United States. Visiting Professor at Politecnico di Torino [2018-2019]. Associate Professor, Researcher at the Faculty of Architecture and Design, Universidad de Los Andes, Colombia [2009 - present]. Research topics: Architectural Anomalies / Biolent Cities: Collisions between Landscape and Infrastructure / Biolent Cities: Frontiers in Latin-America cities / Biolent Cities: Resilient Territories.

Braudel, F. Civilization and Capitalism, 15th-18th Century, Vol. I - Paperback - University of California Press.

Ortega y Gasset, José. “Meditaciones del Quijote”. University of Illinois Press, Chicago: 2000 (1914) Elden, S. (2013). The Birth of Territory.

4 Foucault, Michael: “Of other spaces”, Diacritics Nº 16, págs. 22-27, (1986) 1 2

3

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UN SI DE AN

NIVERIDAD E LOS NDES

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 019

MONUMENTALIZE TOPOGRAPHICAL SOCIETIES

MOUNTAINS AS NEW TOPOGRAPHIES UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO, CLAUDIO ROSSI STUDENTS: DANIEL ESLAVA, CARLOS ROJAS

Richard Weller describes earth as: “an integrated system of solids, liquids and gases in a constant state of flux.” However, this system is not only working for itself, it has repercussions in the life that take place on its surface, the geography is that event, or number of events which configures and formalizes a culture into an specific space.

However, topography is not just a vertical or horizontal surface in which cities develop and cohabit, it is better understood as nonlinear processes where historical and geological layers overlap themselves and create complex relationships between geography and humanity. Some of them are deeper, other ones shallower; some of them natural and some others man-made.. It is the succession of layers which shape the landscape, a landscape that´s also recognized as transitive boundaries, where it could be seen some differences, but also an exchange point between cultures.

Those slow, sometimes imperceptible, but constant movements that act over that complexity of layers, capable of creating structural changes in social relations. However, these events are not alone by generating this specific changes in the social and topographic surfaces. As Braudel defines it, the long-term events structures, but also are structured by long-term events that occur in a specific moment in time, such as revolutions, wars, or natural disasters. This dialogue between contrast, two essential ideas to craft identities. Latour defines them as “Factors which have the ability to remove the deepest foundations of our structure as a society”.

We seek to denature these events in order to understand the change as the only constant state in both as geological and sociological actors.

It is when some vertical elements try to reach the deepest layers of the ground, conceiving the tectonic movements as the generators of new energies. Once they establish a place on the ground, they become part of the landscape itself, working synchronically and blurring the line between technology and nature. This is how the new territories are meant to be created, not by the explicit creation of spaces, but through the modification and creation of new processes, which arrives in new kinds of societies. The generation resources to the places where they have never been, massive migrations, fertility on infertile soils, understanding the transitive borders as places where life takes place.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 021

DECODING WASTECITY

CITY AS HABITABLE RUIN

UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO, CLAUDIO ROSSI STUDENTS: JUANITA ECHEVERRY, ANDREA ZAMORA The COVID-19 health emergency, together with the excessive consumer behavior of the human being, triggered the air pollution and the massive waste production rates in the city. This catastrophe led to the urban center abandonment, where both infrastructure and buildings became obsolete.

Returning to the ruined city implied rethinking the management of resources. Waste colonization became the strategy for this place to become habitable. In this way, the new territory is shaped by the overlapping of multiple time scenarios where the layers are interrelated through systems that reconcile conflictive situations.

Structures change their use becoming places where waste is processed and transformed into an alternative source of energy and oxygen production, which is low in upper levels due to pollution. Additionally, humans inhabit inside the leftovers of the city before COVID, forging the new territory through diverse coats, where the different activities depend on the sunlight incidence and air quality.

On lower levels, where natural light no longer reaches, but where there is enough oxygen to breathe, is where leisure and outdoor activities take place. These levels are ruined and overflooded by waste mountains. On the other hand, ruins on higher layers are reconstructed from waste reuse, becoming livable once again.

Life on this new territory is possible due to the existence of new mobility systems developed within these different living planes. The construction of bridges allows horizontal passages between levels, while the redesign and recycling of Bogotá´s public transport (Transmilenio) tracks along vertical structures that pivot through the coatings of the new territory.

Upper and higher levels are dependable on each other. What used to be is essential for what is to come. Each layer is unique and indispensable for life to survive and endure in the new territory. By decoding the decay accumulated over decades and reconstructing from what is no longer usable, life can develop in wastecity.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 023

THE RETURN TO THE AXIS MUNDI

MOUNTAINS AS NEW TOPOGRAPHIES UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO, CLAUDIO ROSSI STUDENTS: EZEQUIEL LEIBOVICH, SOFÍA URIBE

Why are cities going to end up in the mountains? The human has lived in such a way that he hasn´t always consciously contemplated the events that take place around him, he lives the present and only this one worries him. However, the arrival of the Covid-19, has generated humanity a catastrophic vision with tsunamis, earthquakes, landslides and floods due to climate change. When the feared future becomes present affecting the settlements and cities, new territories will be explored that guarantee protection, security and stability.

Man will migrate from the cities to remote and sacred territories such as the Serranía de Chiribiquete, located in the Colombian Amazon. The tepuis are the most primitive rock formations on the planet with some 2,000 million years old. Its ancient structures are the least exposed to the movements of tectonic plates due to their stability and firmness, avoiding and protecting against floods and earthquakes, among others. Its location close to the Equator makes it the cradle of biodiversity, the axis mundi (starting point of the world) and life itself. The arrival of man in this landscape will turn out to be a return to his origin, to his ancient ancestors of the jaguar men who have protected this territory since the beginning of time.

The pragmatism of the cornered man will make him return to the old ways of inhabiting the world, and so with excavations he´ll return to the caves. Instead of imposing and destroying existing topographies, it’ll seek refuge by rescuing natural morphologies. But this will not be the only logic they will experience. In these territories new ways of inhabiting will be conceived and thought will change the paradigms that kept human busy.

New vertical cities will emerge that will house hybrid typologies between branched city and centric cities, developing technological and commercial competences, also promoting diversity and a sense of belonging. On the other hand, moving the urban fabric and its components together with agricultural activities to the same vertical plane, would mitigate the impact of human settlement, but would also seek to guarantee independence in terms of food and basic resources thanks to technology. Using graphene and membranes, it traps fog, or ancient techniques, equally effective as terrace agriculture. Finally, eliminating all mobility restrictions, the possibility of adopting a nomadic lifestyle will be given thanks to the spheres derived from the new morphologies, which will be used as a means of air, water and at the same time mobile housing unit transportation.

The return to the axis mundi is geographic and existential. The attitude of arrogance and dominance will be left behind as features of a more evolved and advanced species that returns to its origins. Thus, human will reconcile with its environment, conserving it and seeking to live in harmony with other species and will resume its original role on earth without dominating or colonizing the habitat. The human race as part of the ecosystem.

An epiphany of man with himself and in the world that remains.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 025

HYPER GREEN HOUSES: LIVING PRODUCTIVE ECOSYSTEMS

CAVES AS RURAL EXCAVATIONS (BUNKER) UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO, CLAUDIO ROSSI

STUDENTS: MARIA CAMILA SANCHEZ CIENDUA , ANDRES FELIPE CRANE CASTILLO Incredibly dense cities, uncontrolled consumption of natural resources and undeniable climate change has forced us to change the way we live. The city, deliriously fictional, is no longer a phenomenon that occurs on the surface of our planet but instead migrates with us to the underworld, where a whole infrastructure serves as our new home.

This infrastructure that functions as a hyper greenhouse not only serves as the place where our daily lives happen but it also acquires a whole new set of responsibilities with the non-anthropocentric existence, assuring the survival of different ecosystems by keeping them safe as the surface regenerates from all the damages that our feet have left on it. The flora and fauna of different ecosystems occupy the old buildings on the surface which can be seen as “ruined” due to the pass of time and abandonment; they also serve as a device of communication between our underground-normality to the idea of the countryside. Binding the new urban context to the rural idea implies that another main role of this infrastructure is to maintain food security for our societies, it does so by maintaining microclimates that can sustain crops and provide us with what we need to survive, making these hyper greenhouses a living, productive ecosystem.

Advanced technology allows us to survive underground by providing light and warmth; the clean air we need to breathe comes from the ecosystems that live inside de surface ruins which also serve as a set of catalysts for the recovery of the surface environment and underground “architecture” gives us spaces to keep doing everyday activities, until the surface recovers and we are conscious enough to come back as a united front, not only between us but with the planet as a whole.

“Happiness can be found, even in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn on the light” Albus Dumbledore (J.K. Rowling)

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 027

ORIGINS: THE URBAN MYCOLOGIES

FROM VIOLENT TO BIOLENT

UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO, CLAUDIO ROSSI STUDENTS: DIALA ESLAIT, ANNIE AMAYA The COVID 19 pandemic of the year 2020 was the beginning of a radical change in mentality in the world population. The reasons this worldwide catastrophe originated is deeply related with the way humans interact with nature. After the sickness passed and humans regained their normal lives, nothing in their actions towards nature changed.

The year is now 2500, and this new version of a pandemic will oblige humans to radically change their way of inhabiting the planet in order for them to learn their lesson.

Throughout the cities of the world, an aggressive organic material spreads rapidly over the first skin of the earth. The city as we know it is being consumed by the second. This mysterious new material contains substances previously unknown to humans. It was originated by the unconsciousness of the human lifestyle. Microscopic environments have mutated and become gigantic versions of mushroom jungles that were barely noticed with the naked eye before. Their roots have fed from the concrete city. Brand new shapes in nature are formed. These current natural environments are violent, and constantly changing. Humans have developed a new sense of consciousness and eventually ceased trying to control and modify this new territory.

Only the spaces that nature carves, eats and destroys on its own are intervened and made fit to live in. This new form of nature is so massive that humans do no need to exploit the territory in order to live in it. The fungus insides are strong enough to create living spaces. Waiting for a new wave of this aggressive geological mass that ate the first version of the planet, humans settle in the highest places this new habitat has to offer.

The main form of transportation aerial because the ground has become toxic. The only way of inhabiting the lower grounds is inside the giant mushrooms.

The past, (the conventional city) the present, (the mutated city) and the future, (the new form of life that will arrive after these organic masses strike again) are coexisting. Time as we know it has become irrelevant because the end of this latest era is uncertain.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 029

FROM WASTE TO ENERGY, THE POST-CHAOS CITY

THE AERIAL AS NEW TERRITORY UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO, CLAUDIO ROSSI STUDENTS: MANUELA ARDILA

The year 2100 will be the last year in which human beings will be able to inhabit the planet earth because most of the natural resources will have been exhausted and the environmental conditions will have drastically changed. Overpopulation, in addition to generating an excessive increase in waste and pollution, will decrease the quality of life, especially for people in poverty.

The government and the elite will create a new floating city that will function from the energy generated by waste treatment on Earth. This new territory will promise the wealthiest an exit in the midst of a world in chaos and violence, while it will promise a program of territorial cleansing to the rest of humans that will free the planet from the large masses of waste and its high level of contamination. In reality it will be the strategy used by elites to explode the last remaining energy source on the planet. The new system will operate out of inequality and injustice, as it happens today. The floating city will be connected to the Earth through long metal tubes that work upwards carrying the energy generated from the garbage, in those plants the collectors work hardly with the promise that someday they will be taken with their families to this celestial city as pay for their “service to the nation”.

This garbage treatment generates all the energy that the city needs to rise and function and at the same time progressively cleans the Earth that has been devastated after many waves of overproduction and industrialization. The floating city will be compound by structures of material that works in outer space as microlattice, these structures are connected by channels that allow people to go from one structure to another. The city will go with the last animal species and the surviving plants that will allow a new start far from the ground.

The duality of both territories is necessary and complementary, the earthly world has no chance of recovering without a levitating world and this would have no reason to exist without the earthly world on the verge of collapse.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 031

NEOFORTIFICATION URBAN-ORGANISM______

FLOODED OR FLOODABLE

UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO, CLAUDIO ROSSI STUDENTS: EMMA BONILLA , ANTONIO VELEZ Cartagena, year 2300. Overpopulation and over industrialization have changed how humans live and interact with the planet. Excessive production of carbon dioxide has led to the acidification of all oceans, where life can no longer exist. Additionally, sea rise level has increased to the point where buildings are found completely underwater. Hence, cities have reinvented themselves all around a common theme: management of sea rise level and depleting drinkable water sources. Cartagena is the prime example of success.

It’s surrounding walls, initially built to protect the city against pirates and later serving as a tourist attraction, have transformed the city once again. Transfigured into a permeable membrane, the wall and its monolithic towers collect and manage how water is used and stored in the city.

These man made cells are the only ones capable to neutralize the acidity in water, so that it can be used to nourish the inhabitants of Cartagena and its vast surrounding region.

News of these towers have spread far, with travelers coming from all around the globe to witness the new role architecture plays in defining everyone’s livelihood. Other struggling cities look towards Cartagena as a North Star; several are trying to imitate a structure that so perfectly purifies water and creates the conditions for its ecosystem to survive.

Nonetheless, few have succeeded. The key to Cartagena’s success lies in reinventing the city itself, with water management no longer as a service, but as a core organism to the city’s infrastructure.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 033

POENAPOLIS: A DYSTOPIAN PATH TOWARDS REDEMPTION

THE UNDERGROUND AS SOIL RECOVERY UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO, CLAUDIO ROSSI STUDENTS: SERGIO BELLUCCI, SANTIAGO UNDA

After witnessing nature manifesting and taking over cities during the 2020 COVID-19 quarantine, humanity has finally realized the impact we have had over the world’s ecosystems and territories.

Through an international agreement, the human raze has decided to live underground in order to try and stop the Antrhopocene’s footprint on the surface of the Earth. The agreement states that every major city in the world must reside beneath the ground for 200 years while the surface recovers from centuries of human impact. Now, the city is an abandoned place and humanity lies below it’s ruins.

Deep within the Earth, humans have found a way to dominate Bogota’s subterranean waters as an alternative for transport and water supply. In the new city, every ring-shaped level has a special characteristic. The ring of Life holds from hospitals to graveyards. The ring of Justice is where the courts and jails are located. The ring of Wisdom is where people can go and contemplate works of art. The Agriculture ring is where people grow food and also eat it. The Junk ring is where people can dispose of their items they no longer use and find some new ones they need. The ring of Sport is where people can exercise.

The Silence ring is the place where relics from the old world are stored for people to remember. The ring of Entertainment is where people can go and enjoy cultural events.

This ring can move accordingly to the amount of people necessary. Finally, at the bottom of the city lie various rings of communal living and private spaces.

All rings in Poenapolis are connected by a rail in which different gears move freely and transport people from a place to another. The gears are also a way of transport in and out of the city.

This is the “punishment” we have accepted. This is how humanity redeems itself. Will we make it? Will we want to go back to the surface? Maybe we will be eager to go back up and inhabit the surface once again. Maybe humanity will forget about the the old city and live in this new underground system for centuries.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 035

DECOMPOSING CITY AS TRANSITION DESIGN

CITY AS HABITABLE RUIN

UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES FACULTY: DANIELA ATENCIO, CLAUDIO ROSSI STUDENTS: VALERIA ROZO M , MANUELA SILVA Bogotá, a city built on top of 500.000 hectares of wetlands and lakes. Buried under concrete, lays the latent ruin of a once biodiverse ecosystem. Bogota currently thrives on the remains of these wetlands, the environmental condition of this territory transitioned in order to adjust and support the new prevailing specie inhabiting it: HUMANS. In the anthropocene, the impact that the human activity produces in territories translates into some transformations, alterations and imbalances of the ecosystem in such a way, that secondary to that and inadvertently, new species which were previously controlled by the balance present in their habitat, may begin to grow disproportionately.

RUINS, traces, vestiges. In the year 2020, the strike of the global pandemic and the inactivity of humans has shown how these bio-ruins were just hiding, waiting for us to stay inside, in order for them to emerge from beneath. Like Fungi... The fungal life cycle involves the release of spores that act as efficient breeding agents allowing them to colonize and create bridges between territories. These breeding agents are ejected into the environment containing propagules, and air being its dispersal medium can help them reach significant distances, therefore, an effective reproduction and colonization of existing structures.

The rampant reproduction of these new species of Fungi, causes transformations in the environment. Some humans who develop antibodies to the new air might still remain living, but as their environment shifted drastically, they would have to condition their habitat units in order to remain standing. Humans would eventually adopt new ergonomics responding to the emerging geometry of the Fungi city and connect these new structures through tubes that work as an alternative and pneumatic transportation system.

If we established a timeline, we would see that the transformations on a territory are simply transitory and the lead to the survival of a new emerging society. We speculate about a post-anthropocene territory of fungi and non-human species inhabiting Bogotá, nourishing and living off of what remains built of the city that is doomed to decay. This would be the Decomposing City, where its ruins do not fade, but feed a new territory that adjusts to the prevailing society of the moment and coexist with the rest.

“Transition Design focuses on the need for “cosmopolitan localism,”a lifestyle that is placebased and regional, yet global in its awareness.”

Irwin, T. (2015). Transition Design: A Proposal for a New Area of Design Practice, Study, and Research. Design and Culture, 7(2), 229-246. doi:10.1080/17547075.2015.1051 829 Tonkinwise, C. (2019). Design’s (Dis)orders: Mediating Systems-Level Transition Design. Cuadernos Del Centro De Estudios De Diseño Y Comunicación, (73). doi:10.18682/ cdc.vi73.1039 R. G. (2016, November 12). A la luz de la propia sombra. Incorporaciones de la fotografía a la sociología. Retrieved July 06, 2020, from http://revistafotocinema.es/index.php?journal=fotocinema&page=article&op=view&path[]=307 036 _NON-FICTIONAL CITIES

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 037

_ RUINED BY 1 DESIGN – DON’T BLAME PANGO2 LINS – COUPLED URBAN AND NATU3 RAL SYSTEMS FACULTY: DR. JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ _Revolutions are never easy, but sometimes necessary. For years now, we have been responding to discovery of profoundly disturbing consequences of climate change with evolutionary responses. We have become immune to increasingly challenging environmental disasters like bigger fires, wider flooding, longer droughts, extensive famine, many of which are not widely reported. What doesn’t affect us it doesn’t upset us. But Covid-19 managed to disturbed everyone. Both the poor and the very rich suffered.

The lives as we knew will never be recovered. It takes a significant disturbance like the Covid-19 pandemic to make us realized that we have irreconcilable shortcomings in our established frameworks and we desperately need a paradigm shift, a fundamental change in our mindsets. This change must start with a gripping idea. One of the deep problems has been the increasing abrasion between urban living and natural systems.

Inspired by Haggard’s book on ecological urbanism4 we propose, therefore, invert the more usual phrasing of what can nature do for the city and ask instead what can the city do for nature? Our enquiry, however, will move beyond ecological urbanism to consider the consequences of our actions on the environment when we design in isolation with disregard of the environment. We hope by this that we will stop blaming pangolins for spread of the virus (or other trite assignments of blame) and will take closer look at what we have done to facilitate the rapid ascendency of Covid-19.

Monteiro, M. Ruined by Design. Fresno, Mule Design, 2019.

Hitchen, P.L.; Johnson C.K. Don’t Blame Pangolins, in Pursuit https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/don-t-blame-the-pangolin-or-any-other-animal-for-covid-19 Batty, M.; Bettencourt, L. M.; Kirley, M. Understanding Coupled Urban-Natural Dynamics as the Key to Sustainability: The Example of the Galapagos. in T. Kvan & J. iewicz (Eds.), Urban Galapagos (pp. 23-41): Springer, 2019.

4 Haggard, S. Ecological Urbanism: The Nature of the City. Routledge, 2014.

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Karak-

Justyna Karakiewicz, BArch(Hon), AA Dip, PhD, MSAI, RIBA, FRSA. Trained as an architect at the Architectural Association. She taught at the Architectural Association, Bartlett School of Architecture, University College, London and spent 14 years as Associate Professor at The University of Hong Kong. Currently Professor at The University of Melbourne. She has exhibited work in Royal Academy, London (6 times), Venice Biennale (three times), New York, Kyoto, Barcelona, Hong Kong, Beijing, Sydney and some twenty other venues. Her successes in international competitions include First Prizes in: Gateway to Mecca (1979); Crystal Palace Solar Housing Competition (1981; built); Dunkerque Waterfront (1992; partially built); Swansea Working Men’s Club (1995; built); awarded Prize at Royal Academy Summer Exhibition for the best drawing (2005); Honourable Mention and prize in Asia Front Village 39th Central Glass International Architectural Design Competition (2004); Honourable Mention in Modern Saudi House Design Competition (2004); Honourable Mention in eVolo Annual Skyscraper Architectural Competition (2006); First prize for Spinney Garden project completed 20 years ago, Housing Design Awards 2008 Historic Awards (2008); Second Prize in the Austral Bricks Design Ideas Competition (2010), Chimelong Ocean Resort, China (2012). Justyna has published over 60 papers, 16 book chapters and three books: The Making of Hong Kong (2010), Promoting Sustainable Living: Sustainability as an Object of Desire (2015) and Urban Galapagos (2019).

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UN SIT ME BO

NIVERTY OF ELOURNE

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 039

ALGAE-COFFEE [INFRA]-SCULPTURE_TYPE 1 UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: JIE JIN, DEON CHAM, HEYU LU This research project is investigating the reinvention of urban infrastructure in the PostCovid era. It aims to decentralise the existing infrastructural system that mainly serves the purpose of mass consumption. Hence, we propose a new type of “infra-sculpture” that can be localised, visualised, and popularised in the built environment. The idea intends to change how the public perceives infrastructural system, thus raising public awareness of current consumption practice and [bio]diversity. Three concepts are proposed to drive such a change: By localising infrastructure, it creates an infra-sculpture that is self-sufficient at the community level, which will reduce demands from central supply. By visualising infrastructure, it informs transparency, which exposes its operation to better understand the process and mechanism, hence educating the public on how the city operates. Finally, by popularising infrastructure, it fabricates an integrated urban infrastructural landmark that celebrates the new social paradigm: diversity creates resilience.

We propose two types of infra-sculptural systems: energy self-sufficient system using algae, and waste recycling system using wasted coffee ground. These two systems interconnect and coexist with one another, forming a self-sufficient ecosystem that is renewable and recyclable in terms of water and waste.

With Melbourne currently facing freshwater shortages, the establishment of algae-desalination infra-sculpture will substitute freshwater with desalinated greywater for daily activities such as gardening, car-washing, and toilet flushing. Seawater will be desalinated in the algae-towers near the coastline of Melbourne Bay and transported to the inner-land communities through its network. Concurrently, the byproducts of the desalination will be converted into electricity and heat, together with the biowaste as energy supply for the waste recycling infra-sculpture in the adjacent neighborhood. To achieve self-sufficiency, the algae-tower is coupled with the energy-dependent waste recycling system. Networks of the algae-towers set their initial desalination processors near the coast and gradually expand its infrastructural networks according to the needs of the community and the locations of the waste recycling infra-sculpture.

Ultimately, this proposal aims to echo the concept of coupled urban-natural systems. By creating a new set of self-sufficient infrastructural ecosystem, it decentralises the existing infrastructural framework with the localised, visualised, and popularised infra-sculptures. We challenge the current status quo of infrastructure and envision a self-sufficient and zero-waste infra-sculpture.

040 _NON-FICTIONAL CITIES

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 041

ALGAE-COFFEE [INFRA]-SCULPTURE_TYPE 2 UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: DEON CHAM, JIE JIN, HEYU LU This project is investigating the reinvention of urban infrastructure in the Post-Covid era.

It aims to decentralise the existing infrastructural system that mainly serves the purpose of mass consumption. Hence, we propose a new type of “infra-sculpture” that can be localised, visualised, and popularised in the built environment. The idea intends to change how the public perceives infrastructural system, thus raising public awareness of current consumption practice and [bio]diversity. Three concepts are proposed to drive such a change: By localising infrastructure, it creates an infra-sculpture that is self-sufficient at the community level, which will reduce demands from central supply. By visualising infrastructure, it informs transparency, which exposes its operation to better understand the process and mechanism, hence educating the public on how the city operates. Finally, by popularising infrastructure, it fabricates an integrated urban infrastructural landmark that celebrates the new social paradigm: diversity creates resilience.

We propose two types of infra-sculptural systems: energy self-sufficient system using algae, and waste recycling system using wasted coffee ground. These two systems interconnect and coexist with one another, forming a self-sufficient ecosystem that is renewable and recyclable in terms of water and waste.

The main objective of waste recycling infra-sculpture is a response to the coffee culture of Melbourne. As Melbournians consume a large amount of coffee daily, the wasted coffee ground poses a threat to the environment. By recycling these coffee ground through different creative processes, we promote better efficiency of recycling, hence producing sustainable products with zero waste and ultimately, feeding it back to the community with value-added design. The coffee waste recycling infra-sculptures determine their sites and networks based on the density of cafés/restaurants in the area, where they can source the wasted coffee ground in maximum capacity.

Ultimately, this proposal aims to echo the concept of coupled urban-natural systems. By creating a new set of self-sufficient infrastructural ecosystem, it decentralises the existing infrastructural framework with the localised, visualised, and popularised infra-sculptures. We challenge the current status quo of infrastructure and envision a self-sufficient and zero-waste infra-sculpture.

042 _NON-FICTIONAL CITIES

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 043

NETWORKS_ TYPE 1 UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: NAN LI, JIAQI MO, THOMAS TSE, LINGAS TRAN The event of coronavirus and the global climate change crisis has urged us to rethink the role of design and designer in the current predicament and how we imagine moving forward in times of uncertainty. Triggered by ruined by design, we are proposing a loose network system that integrates with the existing Melbourne urban fabric to make it a more interactive, more accessible, and more adaptable volumetric city.

Cities are not static entities, instead they are living systems that can grow and adapt by themselves. This nerve system image drawn by Camilo Golgi (1875) is the starting point of our thinking. The image illustrates the paths of nerves in the brain structure are highly connected. As a system, we were inspired by its adaptability: in the human brain, the more we use the path of nerves, the thicker this path will be; otherwise, the less we use, the thinner it will be. The neurons can intermittently change their connections in between to form a complex but loose network. So that constantly, the system is reshaping itself to adjust to our needs.

If we rethink our current city as a system, clearly it doesn’t work very well as it’s rigid and it failed to respond to unexpected disruptions like the pandemic. The proposed loose networks aim to dissolve the rigidness of our existing city by creating a volumetric system, both underground and above ground, to facilitate connectivity and accessibility at different levels.

The loose networks constantly expand or contract to adapt to various situations over time. Some may stay, but the networks will never be the same. The continuum of changing brings another dimension for people to experience the city – time. In the 4D city, walking will have much more fun. The journey in never-the-same networks will be full of unexpected surprises.

The living system thus can encourage urban slippages, where places are loosely defined and the programs are highly flexible and constantly adapting to different needs by the time changing. The slippages enable and foster bonding and bridging social capital, particularly in a time when isolation and physical distancing has had significant impacts both here in the communities of Melbourne and all over the world.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 045

NETWORKS_ TYPE 2 UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: JIAQI MO, THOMAS TSE, NAN LI, DENNIS LEUNG, LINGAS TRAN The event of coronavirus and the global climate change crisis has urged us to rethink the role of design and designer in the current predicament and how we imagine moving forward in times of uncertainty. Triggered by ruined by design, we are proposing a loose network system that integrates with the existing Melbourne urban fabric to make it a more interactive, more accessible, and more adaptable volumetric city.

Cities are not static entities, instead they are living systems that can grow and adapt by themselves. This nerve system image drawn by Camilo Golgi (1875) is the starting point of our thinking. The image illustrates the paths of nerves in the brain structure are highly connected. As a system, we were inspired by its adaptability: in the human brain, the more we use the path of nerves, the thicker this path will be; otherwise, the less we use, the thinner it will be. The neurons can intermittently change their connections in between to form a complex but loose network. So that constantly, the system is reshaping itself to adjust to our needs.

If we rethink our current city as a system, clearly it doesn’t work very well as it’s rigid and it failed to respond to unexpected disruptions like the pandemic. The proposed loose networks aim to dissolve the rigidness of our existing city by creating a volumetric system, both underground and above ground, to facilitate connectivity and accessibility at different levels.

The loose networks constantly expand or contract to adapt to various situations over time. Some may stay, but the networks will never be the same. The continuum of changing brings another dimension for people to experience the city – time. In the 4D city, walking will have much more fun. The journey in never-the-same networks will be full of unexpected surprises.

The living system thus can encourage urban slippages, where places are loosely defined and the programs are highly flexible and constantly adapting to different needs by the time changing. The slippages enable and foster bonding and bridging social capital, particularly in a time when isolation and physical distancing has had significant impacts both here in the communities of Melbourne and all over the world.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 047

NETWORKS_ TYPE 3 UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: LINGAS TRAN, NAN LI, JIAQI MO, THOMAS TSE The City of Networks is found in the land of the down under on volcanic plains that stretch west, and is bounded by grassland and rolling hills. The streets are tube like cables that stretch endlessly wrapping itself in and around rising glass towers as high as the sunny sky. The paths and connections are formed in every direction – to each building, floor, person and place. The streets are sometimes sandy, or sometimes like a park where the earth is cool and the grass is soft to touch. You can discover many different types of trees and birdwatch above tree tops on transparent glass floors that make you feel like you’re floating. The paths in the city shift and transform, they become narrow and shift to the wind, expands in the heat and grows in the spring time, but some of the streets do remain the same so you can always find your way home.

The City of Networks can be confusing at times, the street is always filled with excitement and there are countless numbers of people from distant cities that bring many stories and delicious foods. On an ordinary day the corner of the street leads to a café where people sit and read the newspaper and discuss important matters and then to a market where people dance and into a restaurant where people celebrate food and then quietly slipping away into a laneway where people meet to sip on martinis. The people who live in the glass towers in the city of networks anticipates the changes each season, particularly when the birds return and the flowers begin to bloom again, so that they can once again rediscover the city.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 049

DIVERSITY THROUGH DISRUPTION UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: LUKE KIM, ARINAH RIZAL, QUN ZHANG We are addressing Diversity, in response to the trigger ‘Ruined by Design.’

Our project reimagines the city and the way we live, by exploring the notion of community to enhance urban resilience. Instead of reinforcing barriers, we want to set up opportunities for interaction among young students, families with children, and elderly people, which can be enriching. The invisible ‘disruptor’, COVID-19, reveals how it has also reduced the resilience of key systems to triggers, and allowed failures to cascade from one system to others. The ability of office workers to work remotely amidst the pandemic undermines the contemporary organisation of the city. Its function was to centralise business and offices for labour efficiency, which attracted diverse groups of people to reside there, resulting in an individualist lifestyle.

The rapid urbanisation of cities has gradually diminished our understanding of a community where city dwellers reside in their own individual chambers. In a world ruined by design, social distancing exacerbates the already frayed network of human relationships.

Locked in, the fed up tower residents collude to appropriate the voidspace between their towers. Like silkworms and spiders, a rich tapestry of spatial forms are woven by the residents. Weaving this net structure encourages the diversity of interactions and promotes a diversity of function. Rather than form following function, these found forms open up new opportunities.

The net structure is never complete and always adaptable, with its ability to accommodate for different forms of leisure, circulation, entertainment, and infrastructure. The layered networks introduces redundancy by allowing for a diversity of work, life and leisure to overlap, This generates dependencies in the social tapestry, ultimately enhancing the collective resilience. As more life is woven into the fabric, barriers to individual struggles become a collective experience.

While physical, social and mental boundaries dissolve, the diversity of experiences reshape the social value system. The contamination of these dependent relationships shapes a more empathetic collective. One that places value on the mental, emotional and social wellbeing of its inhabitants. Our proposal serves as a disruptor to break free from the individualistic lifestyle popularly presented as a solution, but is evident to be the nexus of the pandemic. Buildings will no longer be static objects, but dynamic mediums that build communities in non-fictional Melbourne.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 051

THE GRAND ADJUSTMENT OF MELBOURNE 20XX UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: KUSHAGRA JHURANI, RUI GONG, SOHAN MITRA, XINZHUO TIAN All these years in the lockdown, people realized that they need to break through the boundaries for good, this change in thinking is now reflecting in their lifestyle. Now, the city is not known for its grid but for the ever-shifting community spaces, accessible from the balconies itself. People have started to see the city as their home, where they can adjust their surroundings. These surroundings are not permanent and that is what makes it exciting. These temporary structures can be undone, shifted to coexist with nature. All the hidden streams and rivers which were once covered with concrete have now revealed themselves and are allowing diversity to flourish with their porous boundaries.

There was a time when balconies were the only portals for the imagination of the unseen physical world, this made people question about their existing boundaries and structure that they live in.

Boundaries and grids limit their skills, imagination, collaboration, and growth. Why don’t we share knowledge? Why have we become so selfish? These were some of the questions that triggered this change. Now, people of Melbourne have started to breathe freely, started taking better consideration of themselves and the environment. The urban grasslands are thriving on top of the previous infrastructure, streams have revealed themselves and now nourish these grasslands. Here, people have started cultivating bamboo and have unlocked the potential of bamboo as a resource for multiple uses.

There is a new sense of collective responsibility and community, driven by the ephemeral nature of life and the built environment.

It is this quality of non-permanence that is creating a new type of excitement and the city is seen to be twitching like an organism. The city adjusts itself to new volatile terrain with a minimal impact on the ground, it does not leave a mark but sits very lightly. This allows changes: dismantling and reabsorption of the resource within the community. The opensource community is sharing innovative knowledge about bamboo as a material for several purposes. People have started a local economy from 3D prototyping to designing clothes using this information which is increasingly being expanded. The twitching nature of the city along with its many benefits is being realised elsewhere and the immediate surroundings, creating a new normal.

The city need not be a permanent gesture but an exciting temporal cycle of adjustments.

What the world could learn from Melbourne is that it is not about a grand vision but about grand adjustments which make us excited, rethink and be more caring about nature, culture and architecture.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 053

URBAN GRASSLAND UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: JOO LIEW, YUKYEE CHAN, YANGFAN PAN The Urban Grassland intends to provide environments that will enhance the quality of life via re-introduction of the Indigenous Australian landscape into urban Melbourne. The landscape offers recreational opportunities such as traditional gardening and habitat for smaller endangered species that have lost their habitats to deforestation, fires and urbanization. Recreation such as gardening, helps encourage collaboration within the community to grow and sustain their own food and some medicinal sources such as vegetables, herbs and honey, in order to create a thriving community wherein both native animals and people can once again live in symbiosis without destruction toward one another. Food sustainability and a cyclical water system is an integral part of the Grassland, working to enhance the growth of vegetation. Potentially, species that can be provided for are the Greater Glider, Orange-bellied parrot etc. With the loss of native plants from the original grasslands, proceeded the local extinction of native animals.

To increase amenity safety, we make use of unused vacancy and lesser traffic to drastically reduce use of vehicles. The Indigenous landscape has been ruined by rapid urbanization and consequences in damage to the original grasslands. It will integrate specific Indigenous grasses as well as types of native eucalypt to not only form partial boundaries that encourage social distancing during a pandemic, including harvesting food sources such as grains and breads. The grass which withstood many bushfire disasters was the Kangaroo grass. Seed harvests accompanied by the science of baking allows this grass to be grounded into a paste or flour, to specifically bake new bread, mamadyang ngalluk.

With high adaptability, the grass thrives in drought and low maintenance and extends its growth from the water banks toward fields and forest horizons together.

To maintain a hydro-environment for the grassland, the cyclical water system can be sustained via heat from bakeries. This can be used for electricity through thermoelectric generators or to warm bathing pools for recreational or hydrotherapy purposes for the older/vulnerable population of the community. The water of the baths can be recycled into the stormwater and/or greywater systems, for the plants. Support systems include wave generators, creating hydroelectricity to support the power source of the bathing pools. Solar-powered components assist in maintenance and growth of the rooftop gardens. The cycle of growth and enhancement, from decomposition and collection, forms a continual metabolic relationship between users and the Urban Grassland. Ultimately, enabling the community to lean toward practices of pragmatic acceptance and radical engagement which reassures a positive outlook for future survival.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 055

LIVING WITH WATER UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: YANXIANG YANG, WEI DONG, XINMING SUN, JUNKAI HUANG Nowadays, we are experiencing a severe global pandemic, which currently drives us into a chaotic and recriminative situation. It is necessary to think about what is the best way for our city to respond to the transmission of infectious disease. We all hope that we can trace back to the source hidden behind the phenomenon and prevent a similar crisis assaulting again. In this scenario, the epidemic is not limited to COVID-19 but any harmful virus which could cause a substantial negative impact on human. Thus, we are going to establish a preventative urban immune system for city’s self-protection.

For this system, it originates from epidemiology that infectious diseases should be systematically controlled from upstream, midstream and downstream. In this way, Architectural strategies can be used to reorganize advanced urban spaces, and these spaces are not only for self-isolation but also for maintaining visual interaction. Additionally, bioremediation technology is taken into consideration, which contributes to improve the environment quality and naturally inhibit the propagation of diseases.

Melbourne is a coastal city, so it has to face the global crisis of sea-level rise. The city could be potentially flooded in an extended period. From this perspective, we incorporate the response to sea level rising in the stage of Upstream; the first defensive strategy is to establish a series of monitoring buildings located on the waterfront or under the sea. It’s mostly expected to detect the source of the deadly virus and eradicate it immediately at an early stage. Therefore, many observing stations are supposed to distribute throughout the building. Some are placed on the top level for air quality monitoring. And some points on the seabed for achieving water quality testing. Besides, the underwater mixed space allows various creatures to live in harmony with each other.

On the other hand, the coralized buildings have also become the first barrier to avoid flooding. Its porous manufacturing is produced to drain and store a small section of the flood. Then convert them to hydroelectric power to achieve flood control. Besides, part of the flood water will be converted into the water for aquariums and ponds. Also, recycle it as household water to make sustainable water management.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 057

URBAN IMMUNE SYSTEM UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE FACULTY: JUSTYNA KARAKIEWICZ STUDENTS: WEI DONG, XINMING SUN, JUNKAI HUANG, YANXIANG YANG Bio-remediation on the first phase contributes to natural inhabitation of the spread of the virus. However, this self physical therapy is not a permanently practical approach. The severity of virus infection could potentially go beyond full capacity. When the number of infected people exceeds a safe level, the city should turn to the stage of midstream. More test points are established in high-density/populated areas throughout the city. The contaminated samples of food, air, water and soil will undergo routine testing. Once a dangerous virus from an unknown source is detected, the government can immediately take actions and cut off the spreading process.

With the virus spreads rapidly and widely, it will threaten the safety of those who are vulnerable and those who have been infected. Therefore, it has entered the third phase, which looks forward to protecting citizens and curing the infected. Consequently, it established a group of medical centres in the city, not only for isolation and vaccine development, but also to rebuild an interactive community under this circumstance. Also, the multi-layered space in this coral-shaped building allows residents to enter more zones; They are visible but not physically accessible.

The Myco-remediation is the primary therapy in this urban immune system; the fungi in the mushroom can effectively alleviate both soil and water pollution. With bio-remediation, the mycelium inside mushroom is also biodegradable, which is useful to remedy both soil and water. In the downstream stage, mushroom growth is promising to make a positive contribution to urban health care. Beekeeping, flower planting is also helpful to raise the diversity of the urban ecological system. The disease can be effectively eradicated and further prevented. On the underground, a network of mycelium systems can filter the soil pollution filtering. Some locations through the city can be used as medical laboratories for the dangerous experiment. Doctors extract mycelium from mushrooms to make medicine and create the vaccine. The mushrooms will be guided on the surface of the network for natural sterilization. The use of fungi to repair is also environmentally friendly.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 059

_DISTANCING CULTURE / A SOLUTION FOR POST-PANDEMIC CHINESE CITIES? FACULTY: DR. MICHELLE LING XIAOHONG / DR. KE XIANG / DR. IVOR WANG QING _While urban crisis around the world brings us many challenges, it also presents us opportunities to rethink what future cities should be like and how architecture and urban design interventions can be implemented to help build more livable and healthier communities for all.

During and after covid-19, it is observable that isolation and social distancing have gradually become the new normal. Social distancing not only changes the way we use public space, reshaping our public social life, it also shakes some urbanist assumptions about the general value of public space and public life. Against this backdrop, this studio represents the attempt to rethink and redefine the connotation of distancing by exploring its enlightenments and possibilities in the context of post-pandemic Chinese cities.

Our argument is that distancing culture is pervasive and perceivable in the real world. In essence, Chinese traditional culture somehow contains distancing gene and appreciates distance aesthetics in many circumstances. In the digital age, while technology helps to overcome the disruption from distancing and connect people in a novel way, there are contentions that it also creates new kind of social isolation and distancing in other dimensions, such as digital refugees.

In light of the thinking and reflection, the issue of how we can run with distancing and use it to develop a better distributed, yet better connected model of urban life will be explored. In the studio, various approaches of exploration are to be experimented, from physical to virtual, from spatial to social and cultural, from geometrical to topological, etc.

Ling Xiaohong, Michelle. PhD/MArch/BSc(Archi) Associate Professor, South China University of Technology; Class 1 Registered Architect (PRC); BEAM Professional (HK) Dr. Ling is a Hong Kong and Mainland China based architect. Being passionate in architectural design, she is committed to create a better environment for people by continuously breaking the conventions. She ever won First prize in DuPont Benedictus Awards and Honor Prize in ACSA/OTIS Elevator International Design Competition. After joining SCUT in 2011, she then has a combined career of practicing and teaching. Being a dedicated scholar in both architecture and urban design disciplines, her research mainly covers space syntax theory and techniques, spatial configuration and its implication for social or functional aspects, multi-level high-density urban morphology modeling and description, performance of public spaces, etc.

Xiang Ke PhD/MArch/BArch Associate Professor, South China University of Technology Dr. Xiang currently is engaged in the research, teaching and practice of public buildings, especially with solid research foundation and expertise in cultural architecture, regional architecture, green building design, and campus planning and design, etc.

Dr Xiang has led or participated in a number of national and provincial research projects and ever won the ministerial scientific research award. He has published one monograph and more than 20 papers. Also, Xiang has undertaken a large number of design projects and won 5 design awards in china.

Wang Qing, Ivor PhD/MSc/ BSc Post-doc/Lecturer, South China University of Technology; Registered Urban Planner (NL) Dr. Wang has education background of Architecture and Urbanism from Mainland China, the Netherlands and Hong Kong. His research interest focuses on the urban sustainable development and housing longevity not only in China but also in a global perspective. He is hosting 3 funded research projects and has published more than 20 academic papers in this field. Dr Wang is also a practicing architect and urban designer involved in more than 20 projects in UAE, China and Vietnam.

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SO CH VE TEC GY

OUTH HINA UNIERSITY OF CHNOLOY

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 061

NON_ISOLATED _RESHAPING DISTANCING CULTURE IN THE NEW NORMAL SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY: MICHELLE XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, IVOR QING WANG. STUDENTS: MENGYU WU, SIYA YANG. During the epidemic, while ‘stay-at-home’ became a positive motto, we were forced to reflect how the social relationship would be transformed accordingly. After COVID-19, it is observable that isolation and social distancing have gradually become the new normal.

Social distancing not only changes the way we use public space, reshaping our public social life, it also shakes some urbanist assumptions about the general value of public space and public life. In this case, this proposal represents the attempt to rethink and redefine the connotation of distancing by exploring its enlightenments and possibilities in various urban spaces of Chinese cities.

Our argument is that distancing culture is pervasive and perceivable in the real world. In essence, Chinese traditional culture somehow contains distancing gene and appreciates distance aesthetics in many circumstances. Generally, the meaning of distancing can be interpreted from spatial or psychological perspectives. For example, the ancients would set up walls, screens to avoid straightforward visual contacts, defining different social spaces based on their social status; Also, in the ancient society, people would consider the beauty of distance with others as a philosophy of life, just as described by the proverb “the friendship between gentlemen is as pale as water”. In this sense, we wonder if we can take inspiration from the traditional wisdom to develop a series of distancing vocabularies, which can help reshape our public spaces and public life.

To achieve the purpose, we first carried out a historical study by collecting some social scenarios from the ancient times, and then extracted a number of spatial prototypes based on different levels of social distancing, including respectful, denfensive, polite, generous but not too intimate. We found that the level of distancing is closely related to particular spatial forms and social relations. Moreover, by using different materials and structure, the ancients had developed a variety of spatial interface to deal with different distancing demands, which we can further transformed into architectural design language for practical purpose. Consequently, by applying these prototypes of spaces and elements into our modern public spaces, such as streets, parks, etc, we are able to reshape our unique social life under the normalization of the epidemic.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 063

GUERRILLA URBANISM SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY: MICHELLE XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, IVOR QING WANG. STUDENTS: MINSHI ZHANG, XIAOLIN LIU. Street vendors play an important role in people’s daily life in China. In the post-epidemic era, street vendors have been deemed a kind of informal economy, which can effectively complement the deficiencies of formal economy, in addition to increasing cities’ vitality and diversity. Therefore, the aim of our design is to bring out the advantages of street vendors, making it a catalyst to activate different urban spaces.

Over the past few years, since street vendors tended to occupy sidewalks with a large amount of traffic flows, they were treated as illegal and were prohibited by the government. Also, it is widely accepted that street vendors may cause some hygiene issues and produce smelly odor in the public spaces. However, while the society is facing the challenge of unemployment and the decline of formal economy nowadays, there is a need for us to rethink the value of street venders by making best use of their positive effects in the post-pandemic cities.

In light of the purpose as set, the ideas of ‘Guerrilla urbanism’ are adopted in our proposal. Since street vendors demonstrate certain self-organizing laws and logic, that is, their occurrence is highly related to time periods, distribution of pedestrians, traffic nodes and public spaces, we then speculate that street venders can act as a driving force, affecting the distribution of pedestrian movements and reshaping the use pattern of various urban spaces, especially those left-over spaces.

Studying the traffic flows of the street networks within a day, it is found that their distribution displays a tidal nature, which shares similar characteristic with the emergence of street vendors. In this case, we classify urban spaces into a spectrum based on their tide levels in different time periods. And then, the strategy of guerrilla urbanism is implemented by allocating street vendors in different areas, as well in different time periods.

Through making use of the catchment effect of street vendors, the distribution of pedestrian movement is to be remodeled and some negative space are activated subsequently.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 065

UPSIDE DOWN CITY SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY: MICHELLE XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, IVOR QING WANG. STUDENTS: YU DUAN, ZILANG CHEN. Chinese cities are characterized by high-rise and high-density patterns. At the same time, this country has dramatically rapid urbanization development in last several decades. With more and more people rush into the cities, we can imagine more high-rise buildings will constantly be built in the future. High-rise and high-density cities have also brought many challenges and problems. For instance, the urban transportation system cannot meet the large demand of people’s daily movement, the decline of public space system is hard to adapt the future uncertainty, and current resources are becoming increasingly scarce.

These problems are closely linked to the relation between human and nature, therefore, we consider if we can take the advantage of the rooftop spaces in our cities, creating a new infrastructure system on the air by means of new technologies, leaving all the ground spaces back to nature. In this way, an upside town city will be generated.

Rapid public transportation and continuous rooftop pedestrian system are arranged in the city that the way people travel will be changed. There is a vertical distance between the roadway and the sidewalk and the functional zoning of high-rise buildings has also be changed.

Rooftop becomes the main public space. the interior functions of the building consist of commercial, residential, office and so forth. The lower floor of the building is a place close to the nature, but it is unreachable. Ground floor space will be occupied by continuous natural landscape that ensure a pure ecological environment for animals and plants.

In conclusion, Upside down City is an environmentally friendly and high efficient post-epidemic city. We assume that dealing well with the relationship between human and nature can ensure people live in peace and stability for a long time.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 067

VIRTUAL DAILY SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY: MICHELLE XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, IVOR QING WANG. STUDENTS: YANQI HUANG,SHI QIU. Due to the impact of policies such as home isolation caused by COVID-19, the public space of people’ s activities is transfered to virtual space. Conventional commercial space which is a part of public space got involved. The original commercial activities are used interactively in the conventional commercial space and virtual commercial space.

However, nowadays, people prefer the virtual network commercial space. While the convenience brought by technology, we should not ignore the important role of conventional commercial space and the social problems brought by virtual commercial space.

The conventional commercial space and the virtual commercial space should not be opposed commercial space to each other.The future direction of development is mutual learning. Thus, How to learn from the advantages from virtual commercial space and revitalize the conventional spaceis the topic that we are trying to discuss In recent years, the great progress of virtual commercial space in China mainly depends on the progress of Internet information technology. Besides, Internet information technology will be the mainstream of the world in future. Therefore we combine the advantages of Internet information technology and conventional commercial space to promote the experience of conventional commercial space.

On the one hand, Internet information technology can conveniently combine big data with the future commercial space to provide more personalized services and better shopping experience. On the other hand, the emergence and maturity of technologies, such as naked-eye 3D, VR, and holographic projection, provide powerful technical support for the rich spatial experience of commercial spaces in the future.Physical shopping star plaza, digital entertainment space will come true. In the future, the commercial space will retain the characteristics of the original conventional commercial space and combine with the Internet information technology to create new commercial space like man-machine interaction and virtual reality.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 069

20XX:MORE THAN GRID——TOWARDS A RESILIENT SUPERBLOCK SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY: MICHELLE XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, IVOR QING WANG. STUDENTS: CHENGLIN HU,JIAYE ZHONG. In the midst of the pandemic, the advantages of Barcelona-style superblock have been widely recognized. Its facilities are so scattered that the daily needs of residents can be satisfied within walking distance, helping reduce the risk of cross-infections. However, our question is if the grid-like superblock is resilient enough to cope with various urban crises in future, such as flooding? In light of the question, we argue that the single-layer and grid-like block is not self-sufficient enough. At first, the exchange of resources between superblocks is lacking or even interrupted, which would lead to a low resistance on crisis. In addition, grid-like structure is homogeneous and non-hierarchical in nature.

It not only fails to provide spaces for cooperation and for resource interchange in different levels, but also increases the sense of insecurity. In this case, we speculate that an overhead hierarchical structure may fundamentally solve these problems.

The superblocks that we propose have double-layer circulation systems: a grid structure on the ground and a tree-like hierarchical structure on stilts. At peacetime, people mainly move on the ground and the overhead public spaces are mainly used as the sky gardens and social venues. When disasters hit, people move to the tree-structure space on top to form an autonomous alliance, which consists of three levels: first level is Farming Organization. People plant different kinds of food on their own roofs or platforms. The next level is Trade Organization, allowing residents to exchange substances among themselves.

The highest level is Medical Organization, operated by the stay-at-home doctors and nurses, maintaining the health of residents inside the superblock.

In this way, the double-layer superblock is supposed to be more flexible and self-sufficient, providing us with an alternative mechanism and a new urban lifestyle when facing crises.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 071

A BORDERLESS COMMUNITY: A COMPLEX OF RESIDENCE AND WORKSPACE SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY: MICHELLE XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, IVOR QING WANG. STUDENTS: LINGHUI KONG, ZHAOJIE HUANG. Due to the long commuting time and travel distance in Chinese cities, the life satisfaction and well-being of the population somehow are influenced. During the pandemic, the risk of infection is also increased by the long journey between different working and living areas.

In response to that situation, we, by taking the normalization of epidemic situation and the development of digital technology as an opportunity, try to integrate working spaces with residential units, aiming to develop a new mode of ‘working-at -home’ habitat.

This kind of community not only provides opportunities for vulnerable groups, such as migrant workers to develop their own business, but also helps promote creativity and establish the sense of neighborhood in the post pandemic cities.

To meet the needs of different groups, we first develop three types of working-at-home units, in. And then, through splicing, overlapping and enclosing, a number of units are integrated into a new community, where people can combine their workplace with their daily life, reducing the commute time and distance. To form different scales of communities, a specific growing logic and pattern are also developed in our proposal. For example, the forming of one building follows a natural growth pattern, extending from the bottom to the top. Also, another growth pattern, just like the staggered plants, is developed, where the units combine the organic whole as slab-type apartment buildings. The units form a dynamic “inner circulation” community under this logic. By means of these strategies, the community we develop is borderless in nature and can be extended to a wide range of areas. In the process of growth, different levels of public spaces are also created, providing opportunities for people to communicate and exchange ideas. Hopefully, our borderless community can provide an alternative building prototype and a new type of urban lifestyle in future.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 073

WONDERLAND – PETS - FRIENDLY COMMUNITY SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY: MICHELLE XIAOHONG LING, KE XIANG, IVOR QING WANG. STUDENTS: JIANMING CHEN, MINGYAN ZHAO, RANPENG CHEN. As we all know, pets play a significant role in people’s life both mentally and psychologically. While there is an increasing number of special groups like empty-nester, dink family emerging in Chinese cities, a growing number of households with pets is recorded accordingly. It is widely acknowledged that pets can provide people with companion and communications, eliminating their loneliness and releasing their depression. However, so cute as they are, the need of pets has not been taken enough consideration in the spatial design of our communities. By contrast, many attentions have been given to human’s needs merely in order to generate more economic benefits. As a result, a number of conflicts between pets and people are generated inside the community, which somehow has led to the abandonment problems of pets, notably during the epidemic.

Therefore, we would like to argue that pet groups should receive sufficient attentions in our communities or cities. By balancing various distancing between pets and owners, between pets and other residents, we are able to create a pets-friendly community for both humans and pets, where each group has public spaces to enjoy their own life, but the mutual interaction can be promoted when it is necessary.

In light of the argument, we are going to transform the community into a wonderland, where pets and humans can coexist harmoniously. By making the best use of some left-over or negative spaces inside the community, we add some devices or structures in the public spaces to bring out a vision that people stay and communicate peacefully and joyfully with various pets.

Through the vision, we are going to convey a message that pets share equal right of life with human beings. Our community design therefore should transform from ‘human-oriented’ to ‘life-oriented’, so that the relationship among people , pets and nature can be more harmonious and sustainable.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 075

_ CARACA(S) BEING HETERODOX. FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI _A heterogeneous Caracas in critical conditions offers, no doubt, the opportunity to rethink the public sphere from many perspectives.

Caracas can be dissected in four dimensions that collide with each other. It is defined by the contrasts forcefulness between these facets as a city, simultaneously, they confirm its autonomies. An abrupt and intricate topography that softens towards a narrow valley, an urban fabric from the city foundation which has undergone paradigmatic changes over time, a massive fabric, mainly of informal houses developed autonomously from real estate mechanisms and state planning, and finally, a virtual network, the manifestation of a new stage of existence, projected through the use of a global conditioning digital media.

This dramatic coexistence, in which no force ends up taking control, has determined the appearance of a series of cultural and material borders. A crisis like that of Covid-19 has led us to paroxysm. In Caracas, different dynamics coexist, areas of the city alive, with plenty of people outside during the contagion peak, while other areas remain empty because the quarantine. The pandemic recreates the anti-city by preventing the enormous flow of exchanges to take place in the urban setting by extinguishing the city’s reason for being and by commuting large parts of everyday physical reality to the virtual world.

Are dwellings and hospitals the only surviving spaces in the city?

Our interest is in reflecting on this apparent and momentary death of the public space.

The revival of drive-ins offers an interesting example of a dead architectural type that comes to life again. We are interested in rethinking the public realm as an indispensable condition in the physical and cultural environment of the city.

Alessando Famiglietti 1969, Rome, Italy. Architect graduated from the Central University of Venezuela, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism (1993). From 1994 to date he is Professor of the Project Workshop at the UCV Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism and from 2007 to 2014 as Coordinator of Teaching Unit 9. He has participated as a guest as a jury and / or lecturer at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Florida International University, Veritas University in Costa Rica, Universidad del Zulia, Universidad de Oriente, Universidad Simón Bolívar and the Teaching Unit Extramuros Barquisimeto. In 1993 he founded FAARQ, Alessandro Famiglietti Architects, together with Ángela Rodríguez and Florbella Dias.

Participate in national and international architecture competitions achieving seven first places, a second prize and nine honorable mentions. He has also participated as a jury in competitions and has been part of the Selection Committee-Venezuela Chapter in the IX and X Ibero-American Biennial of Architecture and Urbanism (BIAU). Recognized works: Casa X (2019); Acknowledgments: Award for Architectural Design XI 2014 National Architecture Biennial; Special Award III Biennial of Architecture of Maracaibo 2010; Award for Best Built Work X Caracas Architecture Biennial 2001-Participations: VIII and XI BIAU 2018; Quito Biennial 2004; Miami Biennale 2001.

José Alejandro Santana Garmendia (1967), Architect graduated from the Central University of Venezuela, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism in 1991. Currently he freely practices the profession in a project and construction office with the architects Andres Alemán and Andys Piñate. He has been involved in the design, conception and construction of projects of various scales in Venezuela and abroad, including private residences, sports facilities, educational facilities, offices, hotels and commercial premises. He has been professor of Design and projects at the Central University of Venezuela, the José María Vargas University and the Simón Bolívar University. He has been teaching for 25 continuous years and is currently Professor of Design and projects at UD09 of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the Central University of Venezuela. He has been a visiting professor and lecturer at several foreign universities, as well as a visiting professor, lecturer and jury at national universities.

Juan Carlos Parilli Born in Caracas, in 1951. Architect, Graduated in the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the Central University of Venezuela in 1977. Teaching Activities: Enters as professor of Architectural Design in 1980 in the Faculty of Architecture of the Central University of Venezuela. In 1984 wins a position as Instructor Professor in an opposition competition, obtaining the first place among 100 participants. In 1997 is promoted to the category of Assistant Professor submitting the research paper “Domino V 3.0: A system for Social Housing”. Invited Professor in the Universities Simon Bolivar (1982) and Jose Maria Vargas (2.000, 2002). Professional Activities: From 1974 to 2013: Partner in the Architectural Studio “S+P+A Arquitectos”, with Joel Sanz and Francisco Arocha; From 1978 to 1980: Partner in the Architectural Studio “Arquitectura Comando”, With Isabel Sanchez, Alfredo Guinand and Luis Puchades. Awards: First Prize in the Competition for the design of the Town Hall of the Sucre District, Caracas (1985); Honorable Mention in the Caracas Bienale of Architecture: Banco Provincial, La Florida, Caracas (1997); Second Prize in the Ideas competition: Transformation of the “San Carlos Military headquarters” in a “Center for all Cultures”, Caracas 2000; First Prize in the competition: Rehabilitation of the “Barrio La Mapora“, San Carlos, Cojedes State (2002; First prize in the competition Caracas 450: Urban Interventions in emblematic buildings in Caracas (2017).

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UN DA CEN VEN

NIVERSIAD ENTRAL DE ENEZUELA

1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 077

BAZAAR CITY UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: DANIELA BIANCHI, PAULA FANDIÑO, MARÍA CLARETTE GUERRA, LUIS TREJO, HARVIC MADRIZ In the case of Caracas, the city has been characterized by the coexistence of the city of planned origin and that of spontaneous origin, where “spontaneity” is even observed within the same “planning”, contexts in which trade has evolved in different ways. That makes us think that within this new post-pandemic paradigm the opportunity arises to generate radical changes in the existing problems within this dichotomy. Especifically, it makes us wonder: how will the reactivation of all the commercial, spontaneous and planned spaces be? Could it be that COVID-19 is the necessary trigger for planning to be spontaneous? What would happen to shopping malls if they no longer have occupants?

Will they be transformed to reactivate their activities or will they become warehouses and distribution centers for online commerce?

Based on the relevance of looking back to advance forward, we start from the memory layer and the self-produced layer, to bring up the problems that hinder social distancing, such as the development of the “spontaneous” market, its coexistence with the hermetic “mall” and with the “planned trade”. This defines a range of possibilities that begins with the appropriation of the public space par excellence: the Street, to generate in it the new kernel of commerce and encounter of society, also considering the inevitable transformation of large commercial buildings and their adaptation to the new forms of virtual exchange, seeking to link planned and spontaneous trade with the needs that the pandemic has exposed.

We understand that architecture must adapt and that the benefits of tropical climate allow a greater use of our open spaces. Therefore, our image presents two different commercial scenarios: on one hand, how planned commerce takes the streets, with isolated capsules intended for consumers; on the other hand, how the itinerant market uses elevated structures that form separate terraces for the stalls and also free up the transit space on the sidewalk; finally, the image ends in a large mass known as the “Cubo Negro”, which has perforations that represent how buildings that are hermetic and blind to the outside must open up to their surroundings, allowing for natural ventilation to come in and generate public spaces inside. In addition, it is proposed that these shopping centers, since they cannot host large concentrations, could become the virtual commerce warehouses, from which the drones that distribute products to the rest of the city depart.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 079

A CITY OVER THE CITY UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: CARLA CANTAGALLO, AMIRA BAZZI, ANDREA DE SOUZA Certainly, the post-covid era could generate a different perception of the city, reducing all urban life to a residential scale.

From this observation, it is recognized that most of the residential buildings do not have enough recreational spaces for the community that lives in them.

This leads us to reevaluate the spaces that are generated in the uninhabited ceilings in the city and observe the terraces as an opportunity that intends to break the limit that exists between the public and the private space, and at the same time humanize the surroundings near the residential areas By identifying the different sectors of the city and their possibilities, we see the potential to create strategic connections between buildings, whether in the planned city or selfbuilt one, through the modification of the use of their terraces, so that they adopt the needs of the community, allowing the creation of public and semi-public spaces and the construction of a new landscape.

The idea is to create a membrane that extends over the entire city, a layer that works for activities aimed at the amusement, production and recreation of the people, thus reinforcing the conditions of the public space that exists in Caracas.

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POSTCOVID BLOCK UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: STEPHANIE CHIARULLO, TOMÁS CAEIRO, ALEJANDRO DÁVILA Knowing the dangers a pandemic like Covid-19 represents and preparing ourselves for future pandemics and crisis scenarios; we ask ourselves: Can people from a community organize themselves by sectors to mitigate the effects of isolation? An apple like a fortress but with no physical borders than the limits established by their capacity to self-govern and the reach of direct democracy through digital connections (online groups).

Frontiers that close or expand according to the situation.

We propose a CHAZ. One that is not driven by protest but self-preservation guaranteed inside this intangible barrier. Could the change of functions of conventional spaces we have perceived through our social networks be enough to satisfy all their needs? How would vital needs be satisfied so this community becomes self-sufficient? We put forth that this functions and needs can be resumed inside one block universal enough to adapt to what every specific sector would need.

In consequence we propose rethinking that sector and representing it so it reflects: 1. The change of perception and use of conventional spaces perceived by its user in their search for filling their new needs of public space and dispersion.

2. The key points that the community will need to self-govern.

3. The replicability of this typical structure, the block, adaptable to the circumstances of each area. This building would shelter the functions and services the sector lacks during the alarm, mutating as its implanted.

At the end, these blocks would be capable of satisfying non-vital needs after the alarm, molding themselves to the city as a whole, while being ready to serve their sectors for the next one...

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FUTURE TROPIC UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: JUAN B. PÈREZ, AUGUSTO RIVERA, RODOLFO WALLIS HOW TO LIVE TOGETHER ?

- u s a s f u t u r e (s) Constantly considering the nature of our topography, the quality of our tropical environment, the protection of the ecosystem and technological possibilities. As well as our current broken system and the threats that Covid-19 presents. All this accompanied by a disconnection with our identity.

We have managed to bury (physically and mentally) our tropical valley little by little and enhance our failure. We feel how dystopia awaits us. Starting from the origin, with the courtyard scheme as a morphological trigger that responds to our ecosystem and culture - living inwards to live outwards.

Aiming for a future vision, where Caracas disintegrates into a single network of courtyards. A dynamic, diversified, continuous and interdependent tropical system. A large courtyard for the city, and on a smaller scale, extend the system to urban developments and residential formations. The individual within the collective and vice versa.

Connected by a much-needed and updated transportation network. Give space to our identity, disarm the ideal of the modern city and explore/rescue our future. Continue the cycle of building cities - from rural to urban to mixed. The development of our true physiognomy, a tropical city.

This future vision also responds to possible natural disasters in Caracas. Heavy rains and earthquakes, which threaten layer 02 (spontaneous-mass) as well as layer 03 (ordered-structure).

It opens the opportunity to enhance layer 01 (natural- landscape), and 04. (virtual-network), the layers in which we consider that the future is born today In the function of draining the disaster - living with the tropics - an urban opening movement - crossing the layers - creating voids - a city that constantly invites participation living our truth.

Caracas is, in essence, her, the heavenly Valley and the mountains. We are mere spectators of its beauty.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 085

SEMI TANGIBLE UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: JORGE CHACÍN, ALBERTO SCHWARZ, RICARDO SARDINHA The City of Caracas, protected by a topography which defines a warm and fresh tropical valley, with an urban reticle that organizes it, is now a reality that is altered by the pandemic. We perceive it as unfinished and we need to look at the origin of tangible things, find their place in the intangible, to find answers that clarify what the post-pandemic future holds, understanding the excess of everything that already exists and may not exist.

This is the basis to the idea of liberating structures that no longer need a physical place, taking them to virtual space, releasing the congestion of the city, taking advantage of the occasion to produce urban limits that integrate its inhabitants to the vegetable lung of the city.

Taking advantage of the urban reticle that already exists and the rivers that come from the mountain, the city is divided into new sectors, defined by these physical limits and joined by virtual connections, seeking to find a way to self-sustain. The definition of these spaces on one way would be achieved, on one hand, through extensive urban connections, a by-product of the idea of subtracting physical elements moving them to the place of the virtual, and on the other hand, by the topographic conditions of the City, with the intention of connecting Caracas transversally through these spaces, whose backdrop is Ávila, with great versatile characteristics to meet the needs of the inhabitants of these new sectors.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 087

TROPICAL VEINS UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: DANIEL CARRERA, CLAUDIA GOUVERNEUR, DANIELA JELAMBI, JANEIRI BARRADAS, VANESSA FARRA Before the pandemic, Caracas was already immersed in a huge range of pre-existing problems, being the massive deterioration of the infrastructure one of the most evident.

Now, in this crisis, the streets are mostly desolated, while the vegetation that surrounds them is more vivid than ever. Without long-term maintenance, an urban fabric could be submerged in the uncontrolled growth of vegetation, resulting in a city invaded by, a jungle.

The main arteries of mobilization that could survive, and would become the only means of moving trough the city, provoking an expansion in their uses. Since they are the only spaces suitable for mobility, with time, they would become roads intended for both pedestrians and alternative means of circulating, supplanting the vehicle. The difficulty of moving would lead to the need of producing locally, so secondary roads and buildings submerged in nature would be used as spaces for urban agriculture development.

Humans, who had been acting as parasites by damaging and feeding themselves from nature, now will have to observe as the natural world gains back the space that originally belonged to it. This drastic change in the urban dynamics would generate the beginning of a dystopian world for society, however, it might well propel positive and necessary changes for the city.

Man immersed in chaos is forced to act with resilience and adapt its spaces, transforming them positively without harming the environment in which he lives. Thus, an utopian world is created for nature and human beings. A balanced relationship between both parts will enable the changes the city needs to survive the crisis.

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CARACAS _A_ NEW EDUCATIONAL NETWORK UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: ANDREINA BRUZUAL, LUZMARINA CAMPITELLI, GABRIELA CORDERO, VANESSA JIMENEZ, NEBRASKA SEVER Venezuela, the country where the education deficit is becoming more noticeable day by day, in the last 20 years it has become evident how the quality of education has been deteriorated fastly. Today, education is facing yet another crisis, one that also affects the rest of the world and makes us rethink all of the methods previously used. As students in the midst of this pandemic, we share a feeling of uncertainty about the future of our education and what it will be like from now on. How citizen education will look like in the future? Which measures will be effective to solve the problem of education during and post-Covid 19? This is the foundation of a developed society and there is no city without education.

“Education helps people learn to be what they are capable of being” Hesiod.

In the rest of the world, education is currently being carried out through the virtual layer, the internet, a basic connection service accessible to “everyone”. In our country the main problem lies in the precariousness of basic services like this one. Therefore, it is necessary to give another twist to the educational system, guiding it towards schemes that adapt to the new reality and that make possible the inclusion of all citizens. By means of multi-valent educational centres, as a neural network, education of all kinds will be provided with services that adapt to the new normal and that make possible the inclusion of all those who want to learn, emphasizing the most vulnerable areas of the city of Caracas so that the citizen is formed and can continue with his or her learning process, a human right by birth, while also respecting the necessary distancing measures to overcome the pandemic.

“A lot of little people, in little places, doing little things, can change the world”. Eduardo Galeano.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 091

FORCED COEXISTENCE UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: OLIVER BELISARIO, JAVIER BARRIOS, IGOR FUENTES

The city of borders and limits.The COVID-19 pandemic came to perpetuate a confinement that had already materialized due to insecurity and lack of public services.

We take this “demobility” as the trigger for a new way of living the city, decentralized commerce is motivating new exchange relations between the city’s territories, where some inhabitants of formal and informal sectors have resorted to common borders between them to satisfy certain needs, forcing an acknowledgment between this dimensions.

We locate borders by identifying them as strategic places to link separate natural, physical, and social communities. They are provided with the necessary equipment to fill the deficiencies of the areas and thus stimulate an exchange of resources and internal trade between the city, but without the need for long commute times. We propose connection devices between sectors adapted according to the place and the program that the communities involved need.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 093

THE LIVING VIRTUAL AMBIENCE UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: JESÚS ARNÍAZ, ANDREA CARRERA, JOSÉ MIGUEL SOSA, ARGENIS SUÁREZ

¨Finding yourself in a place means finding yourself through the place. When that encounter with oneself occurs, the experience of architecture reaches its fullness” says Alberto Saldarriaga Roa in his book The Architecture as Experience.

The Covid-19 pandemic has largely limited different social manners that respond to immediate physical contact, this suggests a response to accelerate a transformation process that is already ongoing in the world, and is not yet formalized. The use of digital platforms gives place to the creation of what we call “The Living Virtual Ambience”.

In this new Virtual Ambience, two types of spaces emerge. The first one is the palpable, where the people can (through the virtual) explore what is built, what already exists and what generates an idea that revalues our built memory (museums, squares and other spaces that are part of Caracas). Secondly, the non-palpable, all those social networks that are virtual places of communication and encounter, centers that are, somehow and in many ways, perceptible. New spaces arise as a result of the transformation of physical reality to the virtual plane.

The city, now changed, will become a large storage center, which allows these dynamics to be accelerated through connections. These are realities in which the users are many times architects, and where this new virtual public realm is the result of the sum of different small spaces. All these internet users coexist, making every participant an actor of what they show and live through their virtual platforms This transformation is already taking place, resulting in these dynamics, it is our duty, as architects, to change the role of the home to this new virtual reality as a window for social encounters, leaving open the question: Has public space really died... or simply has it been transformed into the home environment?

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 095

EMERALD CARACAS UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: CHIARA MARIUS, MARIANNA QUINTERO A fractured city, divided into unrelated layers, parts of a non-existent whole. Caracas is a collage of at least four parts: an exuberant and misunderstood geography, an aggressive plot that has been imposed, a self-constructed mass that adapts to the topography but makes no concessions to the public space, and a virtual city, conformed of absolutely precarious networks. This fragmented territory is incapable of functioning properly, and much less able to respond to an emergency such as a pandemic. With the appearance of the Covid-19 pandemia Caracas seems to have become even more segregated, leaving us with the question of how to make the parties understand each other and produce a healthier and more integrated habitat.

Caracas’s geography is its distinctive feature and perhaps also a key to bear in mind a Post-Covid 19 city. We imagine that this Emerald Caracas, as the fictitious city of the Wizard of Oz, is green, and manages to intermingle with the green in the other layers through the richness and generosity of nature. We imagine a city dominated by green, capable of oxygenating itself,feeding itself and capable of providing shade so that the diversity of its inhabitants can live in a more balanced context. Thus the contradictory, complex and multiple Caracas is transformed into a unique organism where the borders between built and natural context are diluted, where the parts are recomposed so that they can coexist in an integrated way in the diversity that composes it. An Emerald City which, as in the film, strikes you only at a great distance, on flowery hills covered with grass next to the neighboring mountains.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 097

FROM UTOPIA TO DYSTOPIA: THE DOMESTIC URBANISM UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: DANIELLA EUGENIA ARAQUE VILACHÁ, VALERIA ANDREINA ARELLAN AMICO, VERÓNICA DÍAZ GUTIÉRREZ. Due to the prohibition to inhabit the public space, the different communities in our city, Caracas, have sought alternatives for recreation, coexistence and social exchange that allow them a certain level of “normality”. This has been achieved through the extrapolation of public space in the different urbanizations, where the private streets that are part of them transformed into common and public spaces where activities such as running, playing and exercising have become part of a new dynamic of daily encounters. The situation is the mere corruption of the city as a system, where a broken image takes protagonism and produces a rupture of Caracas’s dynamics and therefore a bigger abandonment of the public spaces known before.

We take this as an opportunity and possibility of speculation, towards a broader and different understanding of the typologies with which the state faced the housing deficit back in the late 50’s. Our proposal aims to speculate on the utility of a different model, neither the disjointed suburb nor the modern block, but a mixture of the two, creating this new “guettos” that can generate a diversity of spaces from private to public and more adequate protection, and also being capable of guaranteeing green and kinder spaces and family distancing in a single proposal of lower density.

Despite of the wellness and security that this new public spaces bring, we see the problematic of social isolation, in which the “guettos” individually become all for its inhabitants, and the lack of interest towards the real city increases.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 099

FORBIDDEN CARACAS UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: ARIANNA MORENO, ORIANA DIAZ, MARIO WONG Caracas is a fragmented city, the result of fear as a permanent dividing barrier between slums and neighborhoods, between the planned city and the self-produced one. Fear, by enclosing the public spaces and raising walls between neighbors, forbids the night outings and even the quiet walks.

By giving a temporary name to our fears, the COVID-19 produced the fictional city where we live. But the true prohibitions of the real city, the fragmented Caracas, exceed the privations of social distancing. It is not about how many meters isolate us from each other, but about the height of the walls already erected. behind these walls of fear, Caracas is one.

We are concerned about losing a few freedoms due to the quarantine, without questioning whether or not will return the Caracas prior to the itinerary of violence and criminality that forbids living it since a long time ago. Where any possibility of change is despised by ungovernability, corruption and impunity, we ask ourselves: when will we stop building walls between us?

Perhaps we shall assume, with a tragic conscience, this inevitable future, or be more conscious about its consequences, knowing that the responsibility for intervening on these barriers will be architecture.

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DES – ENCUENTRO UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTY: ALESSANDRO FAMIGLIETTI / JOSÉ ALEJANDRO SANTANA G. / JUAN CARLOS PARILLI STUDENTS: DIANA PAEZ, JOSE CASTILLO, CARLA CARRASQUEL, RODRIGO MENDEZ, JOSE MIGUEL VALLENILLA, CARLOS ARELLANO Staying at home has shown us that as individuals we have a virtual identity and a citizenship, and that each one needs its own space. Due to the massive exodus of human beings to digital networks, the areas of connectivity between people have narrowed, the virtual network has mutated and grown, generating public and private spaces within it, expanding rapidly as a new intangible city. Our virtual being is as real as we decide it to be. This new epicenter of development is made up of layers that define it and give it a hybrid personality; in the near future we will have to retake the physical city and our relationship with it, however, the virtual city will not disappear. How will the meeting between the two be? What changes will this strange relationship bring about in the physical city?

Our reflection approaches the facts that currently shape our behavior within the city, look for ways to promote them and narrow the limits between the private and the public. We intend to explore new human relationships and interactions, technological advances, processes, systems and objects that coexist within a dynamic matrix that, although it has started from the virtual world, it quickly takes shape over the existing city, generating in it a new plot full of connections.

The multiple layers of information that overlap reinforce a complex infrastructure on the urban landscape. The data is materialized in physical spaces that serve as receivers and emitters, which make use of 5G technology to become super connection centers, privileged and super connected places, urban spaces where antennas fulfill the role of being the bridge between both realities. In this way, the image of the city changes, transforming the city into a center for social and digital exchange; guiding the individual to a metamorphosis between his virtual being, his physical part and the new city, that makes it easier for him to adapt to the new structure in which it develops and to the new movements it offers.

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1ST GLOBAL WORKSHOP _ 103

_ BOUNDARY CITY / SPACES UNDER COMPRESSION FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN _We live in quantifiable spaces, shaped by physical limits (walls, that define our property) and delineated by virtual limits (borders, which define our sense of belonging).

The relationship between the number of inhabitants per house and a considered political area establishes the population density. Argentina is a south american country characterized by the coexistence of extreme densities, where limits compress until collapsing (Villa 31 and 31 bis, density: +100,000 inhabitants/km²) and expand until disappearing (Patagonia, density: 2 inhabitants/km²). Faced with the state of pandemic there have been very different reactions and responses throughout the vast territory (2.780.000 km²); this leads us to (re)consider the relationship between population density, boundaries and health.

As a desperate method of COVID-19 containment, new barriers seem to continually appear in the empty space in-between the already existing ones. The concept of scale loses its quantifiable attribute and becomes a subjective and oppressive perception: 1:1 - 1:0.9 - 1:0.8 - 1:0.7... Spaces are no longer measured in meters but instead perceived through different types of barriers: social distancing (virtual limit, 2D), prohibition to leave the house (physical limit, 3D) and days of confinement (time limit, 4D).

Can a virus be contained within barriers? Is urban density a time bomb? Is it feasible to replace virtual limits by physical ones? How do we decompress spaces?

Agustina Alaines Is an argentinian licensed architect with ten years of professional and academic experience. She graduated from the University of Buenos Aires (FADU, UBA) carrying honors in her graduation ceremony and later studied Parametric Design in the University of Palermo. In 2015 Agustina was honored with a full merit-based scholarship and transferred to Los Angeles (USA), where she graduated with distinction from the Master in Science in Architectural Technologies at Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI_Arc).

Agustina has worked and still internationally collaborates with renowned architecture firms in Argentina and the United States. She has been Design Director and Project Manager for multiple residential and hospitality projects in several cities of both countries and abroad. Simultaneously she has taught undergrad design, postgrad speculative architecture, and experimental urbanism in UBA (Buenos Aires) and SCI_Arc (Los Angeles), where she has also been invited as critic on repeated occasions. Agustina returned to Buenos Aires in 2019. She is currently teaching at UBA and has recently opened her own firm, NAAR, where she studies the speculative relationship between NAtural ARchitecture and ARtificial NAture. NAAR develops sensitive systems that exist on the edge of architecture, industrial and graphic design, conceptual thinking, technology, and art.

Her professional and academic work has been exhibited and published in multiple shows, lectures, magazines, books and digital platforms.

Tristán Dieguez (Buenos Aires, 1972) graduated as an architect in the University of Buenos Aires in 1997, obtaining the Sociedad Central de Arquitectos–Consejo Profesional de Arquitectura y Urbanismo award to the best architecture student project in 1993 and the CPAU award to the best grades in the career in 2000. Between 1996 and 1998 he works in Luis Bruno/ arquitectos and between 1998 and 2000 in Cesar Pelli and Associates in New Haven, USA. Axel Fridman (Buenos Aires, 1971) graduated as an architect in the University of Buenos Aires in 1997. Between 1994 and 1997 he works as a designer in Berdichevsky Cherny and between 1997 and 1999 in M/SG/S/S/S arquitectos. In 1998 he starts the Master in Advanced Architectural Design in Columbia University, New York, USA, graduating with honors in 1999. In 2000, Tristan Dieguez and Axel Fridman found Dieguez Fridman. Since then, they have completed residential and commercial projects in Argentina and won awards in several design competitions. They are currently developing projects in Argentina, Mexico, the US and Uruguay.

In 2004 they won their first major architectural competition, a 10,000 sqm addition to the University of Buenos Aires School of Economics. In 2006 they won another national design competition for a new 45,000 sqm building for the UBA School of Psychology. They were also awarded second prizes in the República Square redesign competition (2001), the Instituto Técnico Judicial competition (2009), the new building for the Cancillería competition (2010), and the Consejo de la Magistratura competition (2011). In 2008 they were selected by Jacques Herzog to be one of the 100 firms participating in the Ordos 100 project in China. Each invited firm designed a 10,000 sq.ft. villa on a master plan by chinese architect Ai Weiwei. They have also been invited by Yansong Ma, from Beijing-based firm i-MAD, to design one of the buildings of the Guiyang Hua Xi Urban Center, in the Chinese province of Guizhou. They have been part of several exhibitions and events such as the XVI Bienal de Arquitectura de Santiago, Chile, the first Bienal de Arquitectura Latinoamericana in Pamplona, Spain, Pecha Kucha Nights and Prague Architecture Week. Their work has been published in numerous magazines such as A+U, 2G, Arquitectura Viva, Arquine, Monument, Frame, Metropolis and Wallpaper. They are at present design studio professors at the University of Buenos Aires School of Architecture, Design and Urbanism.

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BEYOND LIMITS UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: VICTORIA GUPPY, VICTORIA IRIGOYEN, SASHA SCHNAIDER 2020 came with an unexpected plot twist. In our pre COVID-19 days we were used to be surrounded by family, friends, neighbours, coworkers, and even strangers; however, in a wink of an eye, social contact has somehow become the principal threat to human’s health. All of a sudden we found ourselves completely confined within the four walls of our houses, limited inside our district, and with no possibility of going outside, leave our country. We are not even allowed to get 1,5m close to other people.

Human beings have been put in front of the challenge of finding the way to still be able to carry on with their social life. In order to deal with the natural impulse of gathering together, we found a very ingenious way of transforming large distances into a great virtual network that connects people that cannot now physically interact. All of these tools were already in our hands but it has faced an exponential growth and has discovered new possibilities. The internet has become our only way to come together, to see our faces and to feel the least distance as possible. The strength of this network of connections is a great discovery because of the facility in which we can exchange knowledge, work, friendships and even birthday parties. In our country specifically, where distances in between cities are so extense, this opportunity of learning and working from the safety of our homes is a point of no return.

As a direct result of the huge and powerful network, we are closer to the rest of the world population than we have ever been. We found that there were different levels of connectivity depending on each country, the percentage of the increase on internet connectivity during Covid-19. We compared this information with the physical distance in between them, leading us to the conclusion that the actual distance in-between people turns out to be absolutely irrelevant during confinement.

From all the critical things and physical limits COVID-19 brought to all of us, we think this new virtual life opened and knocked down other limits, in a sort of expansion and union of different parts of the world and has actually become the bridge that connects us no matter the distance. This bridge and these networks are here to stay.

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BUENOS AIRES BLACK HOLE UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: FRANCISCO JOAQUIN BRUNO, ALEJANDRA BEATRIZ CAMPOS In the case of Argentina, Covid-19 pandemic exposes the weaknesses of a country that lacks balance in many different aspects (social, economic, health, etc.). Due to this underlying context, and with Corona directly affecting a vulnerable society, Argentina finds it very difficult to deal with this type of global crisis.

Buenos Aires is a city with different population densities which dualities are very extreme. The density is so high in some area (normally the most vulnerables ones) that citizens suffer from the feeling of oppression due to the lack of minimum living standards.

The crisis we are currently experiencing has left the emergency neighborhoods much more unprotected than before due to the lack of infrastructure and urban services, causing not only socio-economic but also health problems. Today, these informal settlements are too compact and the fact that they lack urban planning brings with it many problems. The arrival of Covid-19 made even more evident the different realities and the overcrowding that many families in the metropolis suffer. Agglomerations are increasing, which produces a great unbalance in the urban structure and in the distribution of its parts.

The social instability and all the problems that it brings are reflected in the (non) planning of the territory. The informal settlements have shown the higher peaks of Covid-19 cases in the city and, in order to “try to control the spread of the virus”, these areas have been physically isolated: no one can go inside, no one can leave. Consequently, new barriers are added to these sectors of the population and the sense of scale, freedom, and opportunities is continuously oppressed. These factors cause the city of Buenos Aires to compress until it collapses and this could even translate into a social explosion in the near future.

The oppression caused by the lack of space and extreme social situation made us reflect about the concept of a black hole: gravity is so strong that not even light can get out and, when it can no longer absorb anything, it explodes. The voxels we are working with represent this defragmentation in the form of an explosion that the city of Buenos Aires may suffer. As it expands towards the periphery of the image, barriers beyond physical and virtual limits break down and voxels are released into an uncertain and vulnerable space.

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ESCAPE UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: IAN BEATTI, TADEO URGOITI We live in 2020, on planet Earth, Covid-19 is outside and we are bored to death.

The pandemic strikes, we don’t know yet how to stop it. The only apparent solution is social distancing and locking cities down. Hence, we are at 125 days of confinement, and counting... The arrival of Covid-19 has installed a logic of seclusion, where public space is empty and collective life suspended. The worst part is that we don’t know how or when this will end.

The city of Buenos Aires presents multiple social and financial inequalities among its citizens, however the extremely extended quarantine period has achieved one clear fact to unite them all in a common feeling: boredom.

The fantasy of escaping from our apartment-cages increases day by day and exponentially grows the need for fun and life as we knew it. Meeting with friends, going to the movies with your somebody special, visiting family on the weekends, going for a run, having lunch with coworkers, going to that cooking class… No, none of that is possible now; those are just pre-covid memories and we don’t know when they will be able to come back.

Every day our homes feel a little bit smaller and walls seem to squeeze us non stop. How do I have fun? Where can I go? Is it there anything I can still do? Please, fun is a need; we have to democratize laugh and urgently end boredom for all society! We need to escape this dense and gray city, its fast pace, and its looping routine; let’s stop living with our minds in tomorrow. The time is today.

We want to propose you to take a colorful train and escape to a planet where we can run through an infinite purple field, enjoy a playground like when we were kids, and just forget about all the problems of this earthly life. Don’t worry, the trolly will just pick you up at your tiny city balcony.

Hey, Earthlings, fun is now one station away! Wanna go for a ride?

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GROW AND FLOW UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: MALENA GARABATOS BONARD, MALOLA CANAY GARCIA The Argentine Republic (hereinafter “Argentina”) is a country located in South America with a population of 44.49 million inhabitants. It is a sovereign state subdivided into twenty-four federated units: twenty-three provinces and an autonomous city.

Nevertheless, Argentina, with a surface of 2.78 millions km2, suffers from a strong inequality in population density across the country. According to the last census (2010), over half of the population lives within the limits of the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (part of the Buenos Aires province), while twenty-five percent of Argentines(around three million) live in just three of the provinces, Buenos Aires, Cordoba and Santa Fe. The rest of the population resides in the remaining nineteen provinces; representing less than 15% of the total.

This inequality in population density was also shown in the studies of the Argentine writer Ezequiel Martínez Estrada in 1940, who, over the years, has revealed his concern about mediocrity, injustice, and the dehumanization of contemporary industrial and technological society that affects demographics of the country. One of his books entitled: “The head of Goliath: a microscopic study of Buenos Aires” exposes his analysis on the subject, where he illustrates that Argentina without the city of Buenos Aires means a country: “... without force, without vital power, in a word without a head ...” 1 For starters, the title of the work uses a metaphor in which a giant’s head represents Buenos Aires, trying to reflect the capital city as the center of national political power. Thus, if we understand Argentina as a body, then we should at least consider its veins. After all, they are responsible for connecting all parts of the body and keeping them running.

We have decided to represent the idea in the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (MRBA), the inhabitants as particles in reference to the fluid in the veins, and the population density as a speculative method that re-interprets 3d data as a new virtual topography. By analyzing and comparing different points of the city, we obtained the following results: the fluid particles tend to expand throughout the region as population decreases and then overflow until they fall from the area (as if they were not part of it).

Through this image, we intend to obtain an alternative perception of the problem. Mainly, a perception according to which the impacts in the metropolis also affects the development of the rest of the provinces and vice versa.

1 ¿La Cabeza de Goliat? Región metropolitana y organización federal en Argentina - Escolar, Marcelo Pires. Pedro - Sep 2001

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HANGING BY A THREAD UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: JEREMIAS ALAN DABBAH, CAMILA CRUDO, SOFIA DI TOMASO Balance (noun): a state of equilibrium or equipoise; equal distribution of weight, amount, etc. something used to produce equilibrium; counterpoise.

Definition, Cambridge Dictionary Over the years, population density has been affected by great growth, thus generating constant urban changes, from changes in the perception of housing to the way in which the means of transportation are affected. These aspects make up a system that tries to balance the density to optimize the operation of the city.

But what happens when you lose balance? What happens when density becomes unmanageable? The arrival of Covid-19 has turned our world upside down, forcing us to take measures that, not too long ago, were simply unthinkable. Nowadays Argentinians find themselves forced to stay home, only allowed out for essential reasons. Wearing masks when outside and keeping at least a 1,5 mts distance has become the norm.

From one day to another we have stopped seeing our loved ones. All of this to stop the advance of the “new virus”. However, this crisis is not only about the “new changes”, but also about underlying situations that have become worse and exposed due to the lack of essential resources to prevent the outbreak.

Overcrowding is one of the main consequences that occurs due to uncontrolled density.

This is reflected in the slums (or informal settlements), that occupy a small portion of the city, but contain a large population group. Villa 31 has a population of 35,000 people, living in an area of 0.32 km2, this means a density of 105,000 p km2. This community is concentrated, compacted, in the infinite multiplicity of elements at force with each other.

Trying to maintain balance, living in a place that seems to be held by nothing more than some simple and extremely weak strings.

Our image intends to portray the variety of situations that affect people living in Villa 31, while attempting to understand their stories and invites us to expose into this deteriorated reality. People of limited resources and numerous families live here extremely crowded, in deteriorated conditions and spend every day finding ways to adapt and survive.

Each and every detail of these scenes captures a different meaning, from the teacher that uses a rooftop as a classroom, to the danger sign underneath those who live there, crowded together in one tiny space, ceaselessly juggling in order to survive, suffocating to the changes this instability brings. This is a permanent state of fragility.

Unrestrained density attempts to bear its own weight, beating gravity itself. However, it seems to expand endlessly, until it reaches a breaking point. Those tired cables will not withstand the burden of time.

Equilibrium is lost before it begins, everything is about to collapse.

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INT/EXT = IXT UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: JOAQUIN MIRANDA, LAUTARO NISI We started from the concept of preventive and social isolation as the prior virtual (and physical) limit of the recent months. A limit that disables us from leaving our houses without a proper justification involving either a prime necessity or an urgency.

This week, Argentina is surpassing 125 days of uninterrupted quarantine, with ups and downs in the level of restrictions but always with the premise of staying at home. In this way, we are being caught day and night in a space that we used to remain in half of the time we stay nowadays.

As a consequence, living spaces (homes) become some sort of bunkers against the sanitary crisis and the possibility of new future pandemics. The domestic space is bound to change its setting in order to incorporate multiple functions that typically belong to our “exterior life”. When this type of activities are suddenly happening indoors a feeling of space compression increases day after day. A multifunctional apartment gets surrounded by a time that doesn’t stop. A time elapsed as a sequence shot: a single, confusing and infinite experience. We don’t know if we are sleeping, jogging or cooking (or even all at the same time). We don’t know what plane or reality we are living in either. We find ourselves immersed in an inextricable space, but yet habitual and natural for our new perception of the way of living.

Thereby, the interior and the exterior abandon their characterization based on their functions and are forced to merge into a new concept of hybrid space. Distances are shortened and privacy is canceled inside a room that shrinks exponentially as the days go by. The stage remains immutable, but is forced to assume a multifaceted scenography, allowing the inhabitant an appropriate ease in accordance with our new necessities.

Are we witnessing the origin of a new lifestyle? Is this the metamorphosis of the domestic space? Is urban life in crisis? To what extent these limits will become part of our new normality?

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MOTION SENSOR CITY UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: MICHELLE KATHERINE LAUSI, SHIRLY ZALESKI What is a city post COVID? When we come across this question we are immediately startled upon our new reality.

On fighting the pandemic, confinement has been one of the most applied measures worldwide and is the method supposed to be proven most effective. This action, boosted with other measures like social distance, have traced extraordinary limits that we would not have imagined some months before. We thought it was not possible to stop the whole world altogether, We thought there was no way we could feel imprisoned in our own homes. However, It happened.

The Motion Sensor city comes from the idea of night security lights that follow our footsteps. Lights that together can trace our paths. In a city that movement never stopped confinement haven’t stopped it either. Connections have been moved out of the physical plane and got up off the ground into a new virtual reality we are still supporting.

When people are concentrated indoors, Ground Floors become nonexistent because they are not needed anymore but connections between populations remain active, even in the highest floors. As in an automatic system, The post-Covid City becomes an urban landscape that has turned off its lowest planes in order to continue living high up.

Just like when the motion sensors turn on when you pass, in this drawing the lines illuminate citizens paths and illustrate how they all moved before in the center and how they readapted their movement going higher up when the pandemic hit. The top of the buildings are lightened up by these lightstracks because they are overcrowded inside.

But What really represents the light inside people? Connectivity This is the real light that accompanies buildings, that light that illuminates homes even in dark times looking for what makes us most human. When we remain connected this light never turns off.

These lights also represent thoughts and feelings of each individual that is why they are restless and move, because even in the strictest confinement they desperately seek to connect and relate with others.

In a Post-Covid city, citizens may move above into the private sphere of life but this does not mean isolation is the final result. Cities would still be full of light.

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NATURAL SYSTEM VS ARTIFICIAL SYSTEM UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: IVO LAUTARO FLORENTIN, NICOLAS GOVER In the context of this pandemic, reflecting on cities, we question the relationship between the natural and the artificial. We see that most of the cities that are going through the isolation situation, restriction that was adopted until the situation is contained or until they are better prepared to face it, are those that have a high population density.

A common denominator that these cities have is the dispossession, in a certain way, of the natural system, a complex and intelligent phenomenon that presents an integral and functional logic of an ecological nature. In this way, the city (the artificial), by not taking into account what we mentioned, begins to be a homogeneous and rigid system, where interstitial spaces are generated.

This is where we start to think about a scenario where on the one hand is the “inside” that represents the artificial, which we think we control, our physical limits, but we do not understand, we stay with it, controlled, looking outside, discovering that inside is empty.

On the other hand, the “outside” appears, which represents the natural, which we believe we control, but we definitely do not understand either, that traces its own path, optimally, showing that inside it differs from the artificial by having an entire wall cell and membranes that gives it power and life.

To finish, we ask ourselves if we can start thinking about the urban environment tending towards a more disorderly or degraded form with respect to its planned conditions; in an entropy process characterized by a new logic. Where the natural begins to interact with the artificial to form a more comprehensive ecological logic, where both feedback.

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RESILIENT NATURE UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: FRANCISCO CHUA, MARINA MEZA Mankind has always tried to conquer and control nature. It takes possession of nature at its convenience and benefit, taking actions that attempt against it, such as indiscriminate deforestation, in order to have new spaces for cities without any connection with nature.

The lack of interest and the insensibility for nature when acting on it has resulted in the destruction and disappearance of its specific biomes, flora and fauna species due to the contamination and destruction we inflict on it.

However, nature is resilient and powerful enough to adapt to the severely adverse circumstances we force it to go through. For our project, we present this character of nature by proposing a scenario where a cut down tree shows the destruction of mankind and its successive urbanization over the trunk. However, when Covid-19 pandemic broke out, mankind was forced to surrender to nature and to admit its power. We were forced to put all our activities on pause in order to survive. As a direct consequence, by ceasing to produce, consume and circulate as much as we did before, we stopped polluting the planet. It is at this point that nature has found our weakness and a new opportunity to reclaim what always belonged to it.

During the pandemic we have seen plenty of examples of how nature was recovered.

Dolphins appeared on Venice’s canals, free of any human interaction. Animals took over roads and streets. Skylines were uncovered due to the reduction of air pollution and in some places the Ozone layer was even able to heal. The weakened nature acts quickly and returns with strength imposing itself in the face of these adversities, being reborn from its own destruction and recovering its belonging. We represent this in our image by showing a new tree that regrows right from the center of the previously cut down one.

We thought we could control and take advantage of our own planet. However Covid-19 has come to reveal who is the one and only real owner of the planet.

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SPACE TAKEOVER UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: JENNIFER CECILIA YOO, FLORENCIA GRAMAGLIA For many years now, we´ve had the tendency of shrinking down spaces to the minimum due to increasingly high levels of overpopulation and density. In fact during our pre Covid-19 days, studio apartments and their extremely compressed layouts seemed to be attracting more and more publics. Under the current pandemic situation and as days in lockdown go by, people are beginning to realize that the current situation may take a while to go back to normal - if there is still such a thing as normal after all.

Humans have been forced to bring what were their day-to-day exterior activities all under the same roof, compressed within its walls, starting to make them come to terms with the limitations they actually have. Houses are no longer composed of a mere kitchen, bathroom and bedroom, but also they have come to absorb the office, school, gym and many other spaces nobody ever even wondered were capable of fitting in a domestic environment. We’re not only talking about the lack of physical space but also about the growing need for fresh air, sunlight and a natural environment. So, we wonder: what happens when we effectively run out of space to bring more activities into? Where will people try to flee?

In this uncertain context we propose for this project a speculative scenario that explores what could happen if space and its different materializations could be reinterpreted as interchangeable elements, something cities could actually manipulate according to their different needs and possibilities. This way, we would be discussing a new way of “fixing” the density problem, generating a whole new idea of cities. This would be some sort of fluctuating scheme that includes for example all of those green and organic environments we’ve been longing for since the beginning of quarantine, along with many other aspects that make cities function. As a result, we would develop these new and improved cities that would be composed of, conceptually, several particles of the same whole, orbiting around space waiting to be needed.

Where space has grown to be very highly dense, cities have been dissolved into these 3D voronoi polygons that share each of their sides with their neighboring ones, making them all pieces of the same system, but one different from the other. These portions are arranged according to sub-categories: Nature, Ocean, Architecture, Humanity and Animal, all of which are necessary in different proportions and times for cities of the future to thrive. Each of these divisions are characterized by several virtues of its own that contribute to the global well-being of the system.

The mechanism changes over itself, attracting the different elements it needs, while expelling the bits it no longer supports. It develops and evolves into different configurations according to its requirements, absorbing the virtues and capabilities of its components.

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SWITCH UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: FACUNDO GARCIA BERRO, SOFIA JORGE, RINA GHIONI According to unanimous opinions from doctors, scientists, and politicians to stop the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19), people should avoid close contact with anyone you do not live with. This is called social distancing. Is our new normality and it doesn’t matter where you came from.

This phenomenon has created changes in space density like empty streets and crowded hospitals. Within this new scenario, we notice that there are spaces, such as stadiums and schools, that used to group lots of people, however these spaces nowadays no longer have a specific use and turn to be bothersome within the urban corridor.

Cities all around the globe have gone on lockdown and society in general has been forced to put its regular routine aside in order to concentrate all activities within a reduced space - the “housing”/“living space”. This condition has modified our understanding of what is essential and what is not. Urban areas, like parks, and shared spaces, like offices and school, have become obsolete during this pandemic; while, on the other hand, local shops and apartment balconies have become new protagonists of daily routines.

Our proposal elaborates around the transformation of these new and old spaces; the ones that have switched their conditions and have been forced to redefine themselves according to people and time needs.

The idea behind the proposal is to create a city that has the ability to answer to external situations. We thought of a world conformed by a “net” residing internally to the earth crust, an infinite space serving as virtual storage of these unused spaces that lost functionality and transform them into spaces that can be used for other purposes more relevant at that present time. This same internal virtual storage will accommodate the ones that are being prepared according to the new needs. Generating a resilient city that uses the physical space in a more efficient way.

Our mission is to be able to make the same space usable for different purposes and each new use having its own characteristics and functionality.

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POINT BREAK / UNLIMITED UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTY: AGUSTINA ALAINES, TRISTÁN DIEGUEZ - AXEL FRIDMAN STUDENTS: ESTEFANÍA LITOVICH, MARÍA CELESTE O’CONNELL What’s the point where something starts or ends? What’s happens when that limit can’t longer be seen? Can we change these limits? Could COVID-19 Change them?

These questions made us think about the uncontrolled growth of the city of Buenos Aires.

We note that this problem generated “spots” that do not allow us to see its total shape.

These spots correspond to different population densities.

In the case of Buenos Aires, density-centrality relationship is very frequent. As we move away from the centrality of the city, the spots mutate.

They are subdivided and growing irregularly, generating different flows that lose consistency towards the periphery. You can see that this growth is impromptu, almost chaotic.

With this point of view, we understood that we live surrounded by barriers (invisible or not) that limit or distinguish us, physical or temporally.

This moment, when we went through the global pandemic of Covid-19, generated changes in our daily lives. It became a factor that changed us all. The limits that we thought we knew are affected or almost forced to generate a new breaking point; in which we are all connected.

Although it sounds contradictory, we divide but at the same time it unites us more than ever.

After reflecting on this topic, with the effect of folding we were able to achieve this distortion of the limit. In addition, these paths appear almost suddenly, enhancing the idea of connecting different places.

You cannot understand at a glance what is what; becoming a great continuity and we conclude that at one point there is no such division between the city and the countryside.

You end up seeing the entire image as a single space, and you being able to see a single thing as a fusion without any limit.

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_“TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN ____________.”

FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL _“Towards a new life in________”, this purposely open-ended sentence presents itself as a launching board to a myriad of paradoxical possibilities. “Towards” and “new”, two words which reference the swiss master´s canonical publication undoubtedly lean on the positive. However, it is the sentence´s incomplete status that makes it a power in potentia. Is this dystopia or utopia? The true spin of it can only be unlocked by whom completes it, thus allowing a flexibility of interpretation.

Whether analytical, critical, dystopic, or utopic “Towards a new life in__________”, (T.A.N.L.I) has only —one outcome, a forward looking, speculative one.

TANLI, invites students to complete the sentence by investigating 15 topics from the nano to the macro scale critical for the visualization of our post COVID-19 life.

Our students will investigate, analyze and create a speculative proposal that will helps us visualize how architecture and design will play a vital role Towards a new life in__________: 1. our cities´ sidewalks & streets (the new section and flow); 2. our public transport (density and procedures); 3. travel (quarantine centers); 4. collective live events (drive in concerts / a new life holograms); 5. politics (voting space); 6. healthcare (spaces / mobile) ; 7. geriatric architecture (living and visiting protocols); 8. decontamination centers (at home and collective spaces); 9. residential life support (home grown food. Desktop insect farm); 10. our integrated suites (density to unit – isolation – everything you need); 11. the architecture of our bodies (fashion for pandemics); 12. antibacterial materials (copper etc / irobot desinfectant); 13. plexiglass (the new gold / jewelry / alternatives); 14. work & balance (home office/vc); 15. the touchless (face recognition & 5g tech)

Viviano Villarreal-Buerón /MSc/ BSc Hholds a bachelor degree in architecture by Tec de Monterrey (B.Arch ‘08) and a Master´s degree in Design Theory & Pedagogy by SCI-Arc (M.S ‘19) where his thesis was awarded the best postgraduate thesis prize for 2019. Prior to establishing his design practice Villarreal-Buerón collaborated with several prestigious international design practices such as: Felipe Assadi in Chile, SeARCH architects in Holland and during 2009 to 2015 with OMA / Rem Koolhaas from their Hong Kong offices, where he participated on the most important projects in the region including the Taipei Performing Arts Center (TPAC). With offices in Hong Kong and Mexico, in 2015 Villarreal-Buerón establishes MASS OPERATIONS; a design studio that understands architecture as a series of operations which when applied to mass and matter generate architecture. Among the studio´s recent projects are the Farmacias del Ahorro HQ building in Monterrey, México (21,000m2), the Barcode Tulum Residential Building in Tulum (2,000m2) and the Stair House in Monterrey, México (750m2). In addition to his practice Villarreal-Buerón is an academic and lecturer, having been adjunct architecture professor for Hong Kong University (HKU), USJ in Macau and Mty Tec, he currently is professor of architecture at UANL and UDEM in Monterrey México.

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_“TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN ____________.”

GROUP CITY AXO

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN OUR INTEGRATED SUITES UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: FÁTIMA BARUD & MARIAN MAC GREGOR The COVID-19 pandemic situation has forced our lives into a brand new lifestyle, therefore causing a remarkable impact in our cities.

Vertical living has been a solution for spatial optimization in every continent for more than 100 years. It is important to improve quality of life for population living in high rise buildings, which will be even more common in future years.

Our project attacks two different living scenarios that we consider indispensable for our present cities. First we considered important to adapt the existing vertical residential buildings to become suitable for this new health conscious lifestyle. We propose to integrate different systems like antibacterial sprays through out the suites as well as sensors that reduce the use of handles in elements like doors, cabinets and other furniture.

Our second design includes the mentioned technologies used to adapt the existing buildings but with a touch of what we call a whole. This strategies include the incorporation of a surrounding balcony that allows ventilation and outdoor living. We consider this crucial because for self experience, we now notice the importance of the balcony when not being allowed outdoors. The second strategy is an extruded garden that breaks through the entire building allowing outdoor and interior connection. This cube would give a different feel to the entire apartment because of its location right in the center.

Finally, the third strategy would be the smart walls that offer possibilities of spatial expansion and compression as well as storage depending on the use of these areas. These walls will also contain technology that allows a change in opacity, allowing isolated member of the unit to interact with others. Complementing these strategies sanitizing devices as well as integrated home automation is part of these post-pandemic suites.

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN THE TOUCHLESS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: ARMANDO SASTRÉ PRIEGO , JORDI LÁRRAGA Suddenly is not an easy word. From one day to another, the world changed from what it used to be into this dream we all wonder when it will stop. We are all spotted into a reality into which no one prepared us to live in, where we are faced to fight while working on solutions that will improve our days, our lives. Today, the idea of being outside terrify the most of us, why? Because our cities are not designed to function in a way where we are allowed to properly function from the distance; that is why right now I am proposing a city that will bring solutions to many, touchless solutions for a touchless city.

In a touchless city you will not worry about what you interact with, no parking meters, 5g connected cameras will charge you in automatic by reading your license plates. You will not have to worry if you are sharing your space with someone who may be infected, that is because thermal cameras or laser beans will measure the temperature of every person on the streets, identify them with face recognition and triangulate their location with all the antennas that 5g will need. Spreading COVID-19 through public transport systems is one of the riskiest ways to get people aboard or yourself infected. Public transport is essential in most big cities around the world, and in most cases, this system is not well disinfected during their working periods. Therefore, this serious worldwide problematic is opening an opportunity for a permanent solution.

In some countries, the solution is mostly seen with two main changes. The first one has to do with the reduction of transport capacity which has been decreased down to 15% of its original capacity. Additionally, another solution by the British government has to do with implementing automatic temperature checks and more extensive cleaning periods.

Even with this change being made, governments around the world are still worried on how in the future, the virus will start to spread once again like it did at the beginning.

Many studies have shown that this kind of viruses and bacteria are going to appear more often due to our climate change. With that being said, we came up with a simple solution that can be implemented in almost all public transport systems around the world. The main idea is to decrease the chances of getting infected and by this we have implemented a new cabin typology where people is arranged in independent cabins to ensure a safer space for a greater number of people. In addition, the implementation of several space dividers can help us wait in line in a safer way for our transport arrival. The concept of this proposal can be implemented in many different systems of collective transportation. It provides a solution not only for actual transportation systems but for future problematic situations.

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN WORK & LIFE BALANCE UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: JIMENA MIJARES BLANCO AND VALERIA DÁVILA VERÁSTEGUI Long before the events of the COVID19 took place, a gradual migration had already been taking place in working activities, going from offices to private homes. This because of the constant development of technology that allows us to have the information we use at the click of a button; either because most document-type information can be encrypted in a digital file or because equipment and programs are decreasing in costs. If we study the history of offices and workplaces, their origins are modest, many times we find them as a section within homes. Back in the Middle Ages, blacksmiths performed their office in a space of their homes suitable for them to perform their workshops and the churning of the metal. At the beginning of the industrial era, factories took jobs outside of the city and the beginning of the technological era created jobs that offered a middle class standard of living, due to the technological advance that allowed people to have the information they need as a digital file, granting people to return home. For example, stories of garages as initial workshops of the big computer companies, such as Amazon and Apple. So, the hypothesis that arises is the return of the offices and workshops to the home, going back to the beginning. For which, there must be a new analysis of the architectural needs of the houses, inserting the new facilities and generating new space relationships that allow working from home.

The World Health Organization once confirmed that stress is the health epidemic of the 21st century, and in the face of this challenge along with the lockdown of the COVID9 pandemic, it is fundamental to take action to prevent stress, instead of reacting to its adverse consequences. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, people are spending almost 90% of their time indoors. Therefore, we propose architecture with healthy and active design as a way of healing and preventing stress.

These new work and study areas must be part of a healthy indoor environment where there is a healthy water quality, noise reduction, regulated temperature, and great amount of natural light to create a workplace satisfaction and productivity. Having open spaces with natural elements inside, such as, plants, stones and fountains can improve healthy by creating a cleaner ventilation and helping people to reduce stress and anxiety that can be produced as a side effect of the COVID19 lockdown. The return of the offices and workshops to the home may present a lack of work-life balance anymore.

The combination of work and life inside the same building presents the need of work and study areas apart from the recreation and rest areas, integrating work and life inside a house or an apartment but keeping areas organized by activities with the purpose of having a better outcome and accomplish the tasks without any problem or obstacle to maintain a work-life balance.

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN COLLECTIVE LIVE EVENTS UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: VALENTINA MAIDANA, MARIANA GONZÁLEZ GARZA As stated by J. David Knottnerus, collective events are an essential part in the pursuit of a better society. It is in these types of events where members of a community come together to share a collective experience and thus, develop an undeclared bondage with what we would normally call strangers. Consequently, these types of activities do develop a sense of solidarity in individuals and they shape the way that we interact with each other. During the current pandemic caused by covid-19, we have seen how societies are abruptly adapting to the new limitations that we face. Social Interactions may be one of the harshest changes that we have come across during this period of time characterized by self-isolation. Therefore, collective live events we once took for granted such as concerts, live sporting events, or even spiritual rituals have drastically changed if not stopped altogether. Given the importance of collective live events and their role in shaping society, we have made ourselves the following questions: After such an important and radical change in the world, how will collective live events look like in the future? Will we ever return to what just a few months back was considered “normal”? And most importantly; Should we?

After researching the changes that have been made so far, we decided to take it one step forward and speculate on how collective live events will evolve and what this new normality will look like in the future. In order to do so, we took the city, our city of Monterrey, as a canvas to portray our interpretation of this future. Cities, like Jane Jacobs once stated, are “ecosystems” and ecosystems adapt to new circumstances. We have already seen these adaptations in public spaces like parks in major cities like New York or Bristol where distancing has not only been suggested by authorities, but also graphically displayed. We opted to adapt a real public space in our city, the Macroplaza, incorporating the recommendations made by the most important health entities like the WHO and the CDC. Some of the most recommended measures to ensure a lower risk of infections are to avoid closed spaces, ensure sanitization of objects and maintain a safe distance between people who do not share the same household. We translated this into a non-fictional design in a non-fictional city. The result was an outdoors concert with sanitization spots at the main access and crucial points such as public restrooms, a platformed and distanced audience space with modular cubicles in which people can enjoy the performance Besides this, we also made sure that the whole experience for every one of the attendees is cautiously planned to the point where every move or path they take has the health measures to ensure their integrity. Paths are carefully designed, graphic indications are implemented and emergency points are strategically placed. As a result, we portrayed an innovative but still very real scenario that we may face in a non-distant future.

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN OUR CITIES SIDEWALKS & STREETS UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: URI SUVALSKY MENDELEJIS One citizen’s freedom ends where another citizen’s freedom begins. In this unusual day and age, the concept of isolation is of ever-increasing importance in our daily lives. Working, studying, and raising children are just a few examples of the cornerstones in our daily routines that have now transformed into burdens in quarantine. With this dilemma in mind, how can we maximize the positive outcomes from our natural reactions and impromptu rules to quarantine? How can we take advantage of isolation and social distancing in our public spaces with the most foot traffic like streets and sidewalks?

Streets are getting empty, as people don’t need transportation for work, social events, or to have dinner at a fancy restaurant. Skies have cleared up and reverted back to a blue as bright as it was in the pre-industrial age. Animals have reasserted their once-rightful place in public parks. Notoriously congested streets have been converted into thoroughfares for pedestrians only. Given the dramatic changes to public spaces in the age of a pandemic, a new challenge has arised. How can we retain the healthy, positive pandemic by-products like allowing people to return to the streets and sidewalks for convenient routes and exercise? Streets and sidewalks have been an integral part not only of the city and the transportation system, but also historic moments, from protests to parades, from wars to celebrations. For once in hundreds, if not thousands of years, our streets and sidewalks are completely empty, and this is the best time to rethink what can become of that public space we so readily take for granted. We have been placed in an unusual position where we now have the opportunity to present a solution that will address two problems at once. For example, global warming begets disease and natural disasters, so reducing vehicular traffic hits twofold: more space for bike lanes, a solution to address health and more room for much needed greenery, a step towards reducing CO2.

Moving forward, we must consider the burgeoning transportation technology of the future: cars will likely be programmed to drop us off, so street parking and parking infrastructure will become obsolete. Drones will not only deliver packages to our rooftops, but also eventually fly us around cities, ultimately leaving more street and sidewalk space free of automobiles. Other methods of transportation like biking allows us to keep a healthy lifestyle, expose ourselves to natural air and sunlight, and, of course, gets us to the places we need to go. Sidewalks must be wide enough for two people to keep a healthy distance from one another and have their own traffic directions demarcated.

If we act on this opportunity to reconfigure the ways we travel, we leave more space for greenery which provides a sense of nature in the concrete jungles we have built. We anticipate the inevitable ways that new technologies will alter certain staples of infrastructure. Lastly, we open ourselves to the chance for a better lifestyle by creating more walking and biking-friendly cities.

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN RESIDENTIAL LIFE SUPPORT: HOME GROWN FOOD UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: EVA MARÍA GAYTÁN LIZÁRRAGA & IGNACIO ORTIZ BAKER. The way we humans have lived until now is not sustainable for the upcoming years. Scientists have told us over and over again that we won’t be able to feed world’s population by 2050 if we continue to do agriculture the way we have been doing it. A land area of the size of South America has been cleared for agriculture and the size of Africa for raising livestock, not to mention that ⅓ of that arable land has been lost due to climate change. If this this growing goes on, the whole world’s surface will end occupied. But what happens if among all this we add a pandemic? Where’s the main place where people buy food? at markets, a place where people can easily catch the virus. Can we change this? Yes. How? Let us tell you. How did our ancestors survive before we had a globalized world like now? By growing and consuming local crops. The difference is that right now we have high-tech systems that can help us grow way more food with less resources and in small and indoor spaces. That sounds like a really nice solution for our situation, and is not the future, these technologies are here right now, we only need to start using them.

For example, 70% of freshwater consumed worldwide is for agriculture, but if you use an aeroponic system you can save up to 90% of the water normally used for crops.

So, what are we proposing exactly? We decided to create a formula where you have all the inputs as: where you live (typology), if you need a cropland for private or public use, what climate you have, your tech scope, and most importantly, if the world is going through a pandemic, among others; so you can have an ideal cropland to at least have the necessary to survive and reduce the big agriculture demand. We considered to take advantage of spaces in cities that are often “forgotten or misused” or that they will be in a near future, such as, parking lots, Multi-story car park buildings, Big-Box stores or “Superstores”, spaces under bridges or highways, and we can also adapt other existing spaces such as, parks or sidewalks to apply a public agriculture system, where neighbors and municipality can get involved. On a smaller scale (houses or apartments), we can reassign the uses of rooftops or small closets, and apply technologies and systems of agriculture in such spaces. Our project will add quality to the city with new urban farming furniture such as geodesic domes in rooftops (following Buck Fuller’s design), to generate microclimates with high tech to have variety of corps. For inside spaces we would have hydroponic, aeroponic or aquaponic farming, depending on the area, and orchards of native crops for exterior and public areas such as sidewalks. Step by step, we could reach a new circular and sustainable economy for agriculture.

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF OUR BODIES UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: ANA TERESA FURBER RODRÍGUEZ. The fact that we cannot go out to the streets wearing just the regular clothing we were used to, before the pandemic started, is already a reality. So, how will the Architecture of Our Bodies change from now on?

The first proposed piece of garment, or “wearable”, is a Smart shirt. In every establishment we go to, they check our temperature to see if we have any signs of being infected with the virus, but if we’re just walking down the streets or do not go anywhere where they do this, there’s no way of knowing we may be sick if we don’t feel ill. This is where this shirt steps in. Proposed to be fabricated with thermochromic fabric, this shirt (or any upper body garment that we may want to use), will change to a certain color (specified in society) where people will know that the person wearing the Smart shirt in its changed hue, has a body temperature of 38°C or more, indicating that they got a fever and therefore, possibly the virus.

Following this, people will start wearing a Smart bracelet which will have 2 functions: trace contact and alert social distancing breach. The first one is useful to know with whom you’ve had contact within a few weeks; and if one of them tests positive, the bracelet will alert you immediately to indicate that you should quarantine and take the test. The second function will make the bracelet vibrate to let you know someone around you is closer than the recommended distance of 2 m. (This technology works through Bluetooth and has already been developed but has yet to be accessible to all the population.)

And lastly, the indispensable facemask. Nowadays, regular facemasks stop us from recognizing the facial expressions of the people around us. A smile, especially in hard times is always helpful to lighten up the mood or show empathy. So, what was needed was a clear facemask that was effective in avoiding infection and spread of the virus but at the same time did not deprive us of that human interaction through facial expressions.

This facemask, besides being see-through, features an air filtering system like the one in the KN-95 (known as the most effective) on the sides and on a small opening near the mouth so that speaking to each other, and while using the phone, people can understand each other clearly. It also covers the entire head to avoid any possible breach of infectious droplets coming in or going out.

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN HEALTHCARE SPACES UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: ANA SOFÍA GÓMEZ RAMONES Humans have always had the characteristic of adapting in whichever environment they are in, and re-adjusting in the face of adversity. The reality that humanity faces today in the Covid-19 pandemic has caused many day to day habits to completely change. This new pandemic is forcing humans to adopt a different role within the cities. Little by little, each city started adapting to its new normality, the new way of doing things.

Radical changes were created in cities throughout the world, that caused everyone to question the reality that were currently living in. It was clear that in every city, there was not enough equipment to attend every person who needed medical care. How are we going to move towards a new life in healthcare from the actual situation? Based on this question, Quarantine Pods are a good alternate solution to the lack of medical centers in the cities. These pods are based in large green esplanades, where nature is near. Each pod has a disinfecting area, with antimicrobial medical mats, sensor hand sanitizer, and 2 door barriers to control access. Each prototype pod is made up of 4 rooms, serving one person per room. These pods have external visiting areas, that can be attended by medical care or family members.

The Quarantine Pods are made up of modular elements, they are fundamental for this service, because they adapt to the needs in the moment. If there is the necessity for a pod to be bigger, to be smaller, to have an office, an investigation center, the characteristic of change is there, the elements are there. The use of this elements can be altered and reused over certain periods of time. They can even be used in something completely different from the quarantine pods, because, as humans do, they adapt and change.

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN THE PENITENTIARY SYSTEM UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: VALERIA GONZÁLEZ GARZA & NOHEMÍ GUAJARDO PIÑA The current sanitary situation has completely changed the way we see our world and our surroundings. The streets we used to walk through, the schools and offices we would spend time in and even activities such as grocery shopping or exercising have now become dangerous situations. This sudden removal of our comfort has been eye-opening to say the least as to our understanding of what the word safe means. We are more cautious, we mind our social distancing and follow sanitary guidelines in order to prevent ourselves from contracting or even spreading the virus; we do so in order to protect the people we love, but what happens when some of these people are not given the chance to take care of even themselves? The penitentiary system has been a controversial topic regarding architecture for quite some time now, but in the light of a new sanitary emergency, we realize that we cannot postpone this any longer. Multiple people crammed into a single cell, forced to even sleep whilst standing up; common areas that have never seen a disinfectant product and that cannot be described in other words other than completely worn out; outdoor experiences being reduced to the least amount of sun exposure on a full on concrete environment. In addition to this, the overcrowding of penitentiary facilities alongside the refusal of personal protection gear and architectural distributions that don’t allow for social distancing are now unveiling the truth we had been ignoring for the longest time: people living in prison facilities are being put in inhumane conditions. While prison is part of our social contract in which it serves the purpose of penalizing the ones who have broken the law, we urgently need to draw the line between an undeniable consequence of our acts and a mere act of cruelty. This begins when we change our focus and start seeing prisons as a place of reformation rather than punishment. And what better way of changing this conceptualization of prisons than by doing so through our constructed spaces? What would happen if the conversation is shifted through our architectural solutions? We imagined a prison that can respond to the current contingency and simultaneously provides people within these facilities with dignified spaces. We do so by applying the correct distancing between facilities, implementing mobiliary that allows for the maximum utilization of space while still being in compliance of sanitary guidelines, using materials that don’t interfere with the function but rather enhance it, and implementing the use of biophilic design with which we provide a humane experience. This project, though idealistic at the time of its conception, acknowledges that this idea of space cannot be considered utopic, but rather an urgent necessity. The time has come to do the right thing and use our professional capacities to create dignified spaces for every single citizen, people in prison included.

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TOWARDS A NEW LIFE IN AIRPORTS UNIVERSIDAD DE MONTERREY FACULTY: VIVIANO VILLARREAL STUDENTS: PAULA FERNANDA GARCÍA DE LA GARZA For the proposal of this project, the airport was selected to address the trigger Towards a New Life in Decontamination Centers in the post-Covid19 era, taking into consideration the role this building typology brings as a focal point for the spread of viruses and diseases across the world, contributing to the evolution of epidemics into pandemics.

Therefore, the project consists first on the scale reduction of the airport on to just the necessary space for aircraft operational purposes – building reference back into the first military aerodromes-, passengers attention services, transportation and access of machinery, staff and baggage; with the intention to convert the airport into a space solely for transition -where the least amount of people circulating contribute to the reduction of risk of virus spreading-, and offering a critique to the existing mall-like airports that are each time more common in today’s world.

Considering the large extension of territory an airport takes, the reduction of its program provides with the opportunity to reassemble the remaining land for purposes of decontamination in three different scales: urban, architectural and systematic. The project covers the urban scale proposing that the airport within itself becomes a decontamination center for the pollution in the environment, including in its morphology a buffer zone or green belt, that immediately makes up for a big amount of pollution created with the aircraft. This green buffer becomes the heart of the design proposal, located around the main airport facility at the center and as a barrier from the health control and baggage claim facilities that are positioned in the perimeter of the area.

In the architectural scale, the project apart from incentivizing the redesign of the plan and program of the overall airport, focuses on proposing vast-in-space health control areas as new passengers arrive (resembling customs control) so that each person can be examined to prevent from spreading disease. Given the importance of isolation and quarantine, a series of quarantine facilities are placed near the Health Control areas to disable sick people from entering the main airport and most importantly, the city. This quarantine blocks are spread throughout the green buffer and contain cells as bubble-like structures that enable isolated people to be in contact with nature for physical and mental health purposes.

Finally, in the systematic scale, the project proposes decontamination cavities in the entrance of buildings, that are called Purple Chambers; called by that name given the fact that UVC light – capable of killing all types of viruses and bacteria- is applied in these chambers, along with screening technology that is able to detect viruses in the human body, calling up for a very advanced technology in the x-ray and microscopic levels, leaving the laboratory testing methods obsolete, and replaced by this instant tech. Each person arriving in the airport would be identified and screened to grant them an access via their mobile phone- to one of two different areas: the airport – if no disease or health condition were to be found- or health control.

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_ ARCHEOLOGY OF THE IMMEDIATE FUTURE FACULTY: HUGO MONDRAGÓN / MANOLA OGALDE. _The School of Architecture Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (ARQ-UC) proposes to build projects on five fundamental fields, which can be understood as a range of possible spheres of intervention: infrastructure, services, housing, recreation or politics.

The exploration process will be open, but the proposals will be ruled by disjunctive principles. Which of the proposed fields of intervention will they approach? Will they work under the logic of prototypes, networks, or structures? Will they take place over our existing city or in territories not yet inhabited? Will they be placed in the prospect of recurring pandemics in the coming decades or the scenario of a prolonged health emergency – perhaps infinite? This set of alternative or complementary projects will allow us to shape an archeology of the immediate future: a collection of utopias of diverse nature, which will confront the apparently dystopian present that we inhabit today.

Hugo Mondragón López Architect (Universidad Piloto de Colombia), Master in Architecture and Ph.D. in Architecture and Urban Studies (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile). He is currently an associate professor at the School of Architecture Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, where he directs research projects and teaches courses on design, theory, and history of architecture.

Manola Ogalde Gutiérrez Architect (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile). She has developed her professional practice independently and in public and private institutions. From 2016 to the present, she has worked on teaching undergraduate and postgraduate courses, and has collaborated in academic research in the area of history and theory of architecture at the School of Architecture Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

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HYPER SOCIAL-DISTANCE CITY PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE FACULTY: HUGO MONDRAGÓN, MANOLA OGALDE STUDENTS: MELINKA BIER & JAVIERA LORCA This dystopia takes place in Santiago, an extremely socio-spatial segregated city in which the territory is divided related to the economic incomes of the families.

That’s why in the context of a pandemic, these qualities get extreme and it is possible to identify some privilege people who are able to stay in their bubbles staying safe, while there are others who still need to work on the open space to provided services, exposing themselves to get infected, making more evident the cruelty of inequalities in Chile.

Hyper Social-distance city, represents our national situation, in a future Chile where the pandemic has taken over the planet and the ground is permanently infected with viruses, and we don’t have a vaccine to heal them. Emphasizing the injustice of the society we live in, we project the wishes of the wealthy ones wanting to get constantly apart from the poor ones. This enabled citizens who have the possibility to get isolated in space by abandoning the city, representing our actual context in a tridimensional way of segregated territories.

In respond to the experience related to the Covid pandemic, in these new Hyper social distance cities the privileged ones will take the chance to live in communities, as new nomads and non-localizable, avoiding lockdowns and being able to move freely around space. Moving through the air will allow them to approach rural and extreme territories, avoiding the contaminated cities.

The only reason why the bubbles would overfly the cities is to get the main supplies for survival, leaning on towers which distribute the primary services. The towers situated in wide areas are guarded by circled protection fence and police officers, who have the obligation to guard the towers from the unhappy citizens who want to rob them as a sign of protest.

The dignity of the poor people no longer exist, the cities are used just like a service station, and those who are left behind must survive working to supply the lucky ones that left the cities behind. Their only chances are taking part of this extreme capitalistic system, by working very hard so in this case they can earn more money and buy their way to the bubbles.

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POST PRODUCTIVITY CITY PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE FACULTY: HUGO MONDRAGÓN, MANOLA OGALDE STUDENTS: MAIRA VEGA, HERNAN SANCHEZ Due to 2020 pandemic, the whole system stopped. People stopped working, studying and getting around with their friends. The whole world went through an economic crisis.

Our idea is about a post-pandemic scenario, between 10 to 100 years of city transformation, people from Santiago of Chile begin to abandon their office districts because production spaces are not needed anymore.

In a city where the production don’t required big areas, people asks themselves why go out? Is really need something from the outside world or the digital isolation can cover all our needs?

Plenty of production spaces like offices and factories become reprogrammed due the essential need missed because the pandemic, the social contact present in leisure and amusement .

The no-movility required by this new living reconfigures a compress and connected city.

By the other side, housing become a system itself that brings together daily activities such as studying and working. Our project imagines a massive lineal housing that conforms the new city.

The transformation starts with the building enclosing the main office districts, creating new “leisure districts” and in the progression of 100 years, colonizing around the Metropolitan Park and the Mapocho River.

The city starts to compress in response to the new life, the metropolis is no longer needed and the periphery that used to be excluded, now moves back into the new center.

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FARM CITY PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE FACULTY: HUGO MONDRAGÓN, MANOLA OGALDE STUDENTS: FRANCISCA AMENÁBAR, JOSEPHINA TORRUBIANO Today, we live in a dystopia in which the world is in continuous decay: pollution increases every day, and there’s great social inequality. As some enjoy the finest meals, others have nothing to eat. The global pandemic has only highlighted these pre-existing issues, forcing us to revisit our privileges, and question the way our society is organized.

“Maybe another virus, an ideological virus, will spread and infect us all: the virus of imagining an alternative society, a society beyond ideas of State and Nation, a society that updates itself on solidarity and worldwide cooperation.” ( Zizek, 2020, p.26) Our utopia takes place in a scenario where pandemics are an everyday problem that has tragically diminished the world’s population. About 200 years from now, States have been abolished, and society is organized in a world-wide co-op based on empathy and cooperation. Resources are equally distributed, and there are no longer rich or poor countries. No one is left behind. On the other hand, the regeneration and conservation of nature are the other core principles of this new society.

Society is organized in small productive cells, groups of around a thousand people who in a joint effort produce enough resources for the whole community. Even though there are supervisors with an agricultural training, everyone must cooperate in producing the resources needed, no matter what their everyday job is. Food and other basic services (such as education and health systems) are not monetized but are a right to all. Jobs are no longer focused in making money and consuming products, but in generating knowledge through scientific research and philosophical debates. This makes it possible for human race to reach new levels in creative and scientific achievements.

These small groups constitute the starting point of a new way of urban development: agriculture and industries have migrated into the city, freeing the spaces previously taken from nature, allowing for it to heal itself. Extensive agriculture is no longer permitted; on the contrary, the new way of production is based on maximizing production in small spaces with limited resources.

Since remote work has replaced old ways of production and, combined with the need for social distancing, most office buildings and shopping malls have become obsolete, opening new development possibilities. These obsolete buildings have been given new uses, being transformed into agricultural, industrial, water-collecting and air-cleaning infrastructure, everything within the same building. Productive and research uses are combined into the same space, providing and ideal scenario in seek of the most efficient way to produce food. The roof has been given an energy-producing role: wind turbines and water collectors are located here. Later on, the water collected is filtered by reeds and other similar vegetation in the large water tank, this vacuole-like tank that goes through the entire building. This vacuole also poses benefits for air cleaning and food producing, thanks to the algae that grows inside it: this carbon dioxide-consuming algae will later be used as food for the fishes in the tanks downstairs. Filtered water goes through the entire building, providing for irrigation for the hydroponic crops grown in the levels below.

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DARWIN’S PARASITE PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE FACULTY: HUGO MONDRAGÓN, MANOLA OGALDE STUDENTS: LUCA GARNERONE, LUCIANA TRUFFA. Following a series of coronavirus and other pandemics outbreaks, the new social dynamics progressively led to the obsolescence of much of the pre-pandemic productive and recreational infrastructure.

Skyscrapers and office buildings were gradually evicted due to the replacement of faceto-face work by teleworking. Likewise, the shopping malls, hotels and restaurants, after their bankruptcy and consequent abandonment, came to evidentiate the decline of the traditional cycle of production and consumption. The pressure exerted by the health authorities, media and by the individuals themselves, sparked a series of debates between a sector of the population determined to adopt health measures as the basis of life in society, and another reluctant to renounce leisure and social dynamics in a definite way. To put an end to the controversies that for more than a decade triggered protests and even rebellions in different countries and cultures, it was decided to carry out a project that, thanks to significant improvements in construction technology, abandoned the merely theoretical and utopian plane to which it had been relegated years ago*.

This consisted in the serial production of indefinably replicable frames, which fulfilled the double function of suppressing the physical distances that for decades limited globalized society - harboring a high-speed transportation system - while adapting to the most varied contexts to create a network that ended up eliminating the traditional notions of space, sanitation and privacy that characterized the old city. Deserters from the latter, helped build a perfectly air-conditioned and timeless environment, designed to provide its inhabitants with the maximum benefit from their facilities according to their own schedules and wishes.

What started as a social experiment in the countries with the most resources, expanded rapidly to a global level thanks to its versatility and the exponential demand that hyper-socialization raised. Inside the network proliferated from bars and clubs, to stadiums and prayer temples. Thus, the definitive split of the productive city from that essentially unproductive was unleashed. For someone to move from one to the other, the compulsory measure was dictated to seclude themselves voluntarily, for a period of two weeks, in the sanitary hotels that were established in the abandoned buildings following the pandemic economic crisis.

Thereby both realities were pleached and developed, both conceptually and practically, in a substantially parallel way. The second city, which laid its foundations in the detritus of old capitalism, grew in an organical, exponential and unregulated way, giving rise to a kind of artificial organism that brought people to the most animal level of their human condition. The inhabitants of the old city, who began to call themselves post-humans, called this second city, the Darwin’s Parasite. * Reference to the Fun Palace (Cedric Price) and the Continuous Monument (SuperStudio).

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FEDERALIST ARCHIPELAGO IN SANTIAGO PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE FACULTY: HUGO MONDRAGÓN, MANOLA OGALDE STUDENTS: JAVIERA PAÚL, PILAR LIRA In society, we have always tended to segregate ourselves because of different reasons.

Beliefs, social classes, gender, even the colour of our skin. It is, sometimes, a voluntary self-segregation to face the external adversities that we are subjected to. This isolation, could even be an answer to a probable protection fillip that take form in trends, ideologies, communities, neighbourhoods, etc. We anticipate, that in a prolonged pandemic and chaotic situation, the translation of this insecurity will unfold the transformation of the city of Santiago in several federal districts established from the initiative of the citizens themselves as a solution that, supposedly, will keep safe the community inside, in opposition to the external sick environment of the disorganized and anarchic city.

In our proposal, the new organization with diverse structural boundaries, end up corresponding to an archipelago formed inside the capital. This type of civil islands will be formed by the abandonment and irresponsibility of the government in a politically, economically and socially problematic context. It would be an urgent alternative presented to protect the urban heritage of the city, important historical sites, green areas with natural resources, residential neighbourhoods, among many other scenarios were the citizen initiative is necessary to avoid the irremediable disaster.

We define these community-nations as social organizations that have their own self-government system and a self-sufficient supply regulated by their own governing entity.

Such extreme disconnection with the exterior, aims to safeguard the interior against a drifting citizen ocean that is being destroyed and is disappearing in the chaos of abandonment. We see necessary the definition of an immovable wall around the island to resolve an undeniable limit from the surroundings. We consider that these perimeters could be structured with different materials or techniques and could also be used with a variety of services and programs that complement the operation of the district under the same regime logics.

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INTIMATE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE FACULTY: HUGO MONDRAGÓN, MANOLA OGALDE STUDENTS: DANIELA GONZÁLEZ AND ROBERTO GONZÁLEZ The pandemic and the social crisis affected people’s behavior, changing their way of transporting. Santiago, Chile’s capital, used to have the longest and most efficient metro system in South America, but the fear of crowding changed the city.

The use of the former public transportation was the greatest danger of contagion and private motorized transport was the largest pollutant in the city, despite its low use during quarantine. Since pandemics are chronic in the new world, public transport had to adapt to the new urban normality. The implementation of the new system generated that people could go out more safely, triggering the deconfinement.

The new public transport system replaced the metro and every motorized transport.

The streets were transformed in favor of bicycles and pedestrians, who reconquered the public space between the buildings, maintaining a permanent social distance. Inside the system, people must move individually or in small groups; contact with strangers is not allowed here. This system is based on small capsules designed for 1 or 5 known people, who can arrive walking or cycling. These groups are family members, neighbors, or close friends who must move everywhere together in compliance with the rule of the exclusive social bubble.

The system is supervised by a superior technology that controls each step of the users, so the trip is planned from AI smartphones before heading to the station, avoiding the congestion of people at the same place. The trip is continuous and without stops, generating a fast and efficient route. Travel times are greatly reduced compared to the ones in previous transportation.

The whole transportation system is built above the superficial vestiges of the old metro network. The stations, towers built above the previous platforms, include the intelligent mobilization system. This tower is arranged on 9 levels, which structure is based on rigid frames that support 7 floors for the faster transportation, above a metallic structure, and top two floors for a slower transportation with a cable structure. The elevators inside the frames take you directly to the capsule in a intimate and controlled way. In order to create transportation as efficient as possible, there are two continuity rails, and two stop rails for the capsules whose route starts and ends on that station. This entire system is constantly sanitized when users change. Some stations have connections with buildings around them, like shopping centers or dwellings, which include an appropriate stationary room controlled by the transportation system providing a direct access to transportation.

The motorized vehicles are suppressed from the urban streets, this frees up a large public space that gives rise to different recreational areas. Around the network, the streets are transformed into linear ecological corridors and uninterrupted bicycle lanes. Since the system is powered by renewable energies, the contamination disappears and the landscape of Santiago can be seen more clearly. With this new way of mobilizing, people can carry out their activities despite permanent social distancing.

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ROOF-CITY FOR GOLDEN AGERS PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE FACULTY: HUGO MONDRAGÓN, MANOLA OGALDE STUDENTS: DANIELA MANZUR, CATALINA QUINTANA. Today, we are urgently concerned about how the situation for golden agers in the city will continue. In Chile, the living conditions of our elderly are mostly precarious and they constantly suffer from injustice and discrimination. The current pandemic has aggravated this issue, leaving this 12% of the population totally isolated from family and friends.

In a society where pandemics and diseases will be a frequent outlook, we want to think in a city where the elderly are the first-class citizens, giving them the welfare and care they deserve in their golden years. Currently, we have seen how governments exclude senior citizens from their daily routine by justifying social distance for their safety. But at the end of the day, the isolation damages their quality of life much more than the pandemic itself.

We propose a city for the future that will be split by using the roofs as sanctuaries for the elders, ensuring the sanitary measures and simulating the optimal life routine of a city.

A space that aims to promote the leisure, away from the fast pace of the city center on which it rises and offering activities according to the enjoyment over the productivity.

This way, the buildings that belong to housing complexes or towers are crowned by a harmonious, shining and ostentatious panoramas with the purpose of paying the historical debt that the city has for those who worked it throughout its life.

And it’s not just the roofs, but also the upper half of the buildings will be planned to keep the interactions and frictions between their families and other citizens, in order to avoid any kind of isolation through exclusive connections that fit into buildings. These pieces have and interior space with multiple devices capable of allowing interaction while maintaining the tightness that the pandemic requires during the visits, like plastic sleeves that allow hugging and even steam baths and spa. While in the crown of the building there are shared spaces for gathering, recreation and enjoyment with closed and air-conditioned spaces, as well as others completely open to the outside with a panoramic view of the skyline and the city they have made, under their sight.

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_ HABITAT AT 3 SCALES: CITY_ NEIGHBORHOOD_ HOME/ Post-pandemic visions for cities FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS _The studio is focused on the concept of habitat at three scales: city, neighborhood and home, as spaces of diverse urban, landscape and architectural nature in which the notion of community and social organization are fundamentals for the future of cities after the pandemic.

Habitat is understood as a series of simultaneous realms, from the city and its neighborhoods to the private home as spaces of multiple scales and heterogeneous in their type and morphology. It is intended to investigate notions for a sustainable city with a more responsible and sensitive approach towards the environment, mechanisms of social integration through clear public spaces and places for productive housing that might strength economic development in communities and their links with urban surroundings.

Each student will select its own urban environment in order to study it at the three given scales and produce ideal images about its potential as a place. All this based on principles that would reinforce pedestrian connectivity and sustainable mobility, stimulate the combination of different uses, consolidate its urban identity and relationship with the natural environment. The challenge for this proposals or conceptual projects is to evaluate urban and architectural strategies to achieve a healthy, democratic, productive and just city in a general context of global crisis in terms of its environmental, political, economic and social order.

Guillermo Frontado.

Architect from Simon Bolivar University, Caracas 1977, with a Master of Architecture in Advance Studies from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 1980.

Professor of the Department of Design, Architecture and Arts at Simon Bolivar University where he was Coordinator of the Architecture Program. His professional experience in association with other architects as well as independent is very wide and with several recognitions to his projects and buildings.

Franco Micucci.

Architect from Simon Bolivar University, Caracas 1989, with a Master of Architecture in Urban Design, Harvard University, Cambridge 1992. Professor at Simon Bolivar University since 1993 where he was Coordinator of the Architecture Program between 2009 and 2012 and, currently, Chair of the Department of Design, Architecture and Arts. Principal at Micucci Arquitectos in Caracas.

Manuel Barrios.

Architect graduated from Simon Bolivar University in Caracas in 2000 where he has been a Design Studio Professor for more than ten years. He has been a visiting professor at the School of Architecture of Central University of Venezuela. Partner at the architectural firm BOCA Proyectos in Caracas, that has been awarded with several recognitions nationally and internationally.

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UN DA SIM BO

NIVERSIAD MÓN OLÍVAR

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EMERGING CENTRALITIES. THE SURVIVAL SPIRIT OF A GARDEN CITY

UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: ANDREA ALGARA La Soledad / Maracay, VENEZUELA. The challenge for this particular approach has to do with how to adapt neighborhoods that are urban fragments in a way to integrate its community members given critical situations like the COVID19 pandemic.

A vision for areas of cities that became centralities given their strategic geographic and urban location and their role as part of a metropolitan area. The challenge is how to preserve the sort of domestic quality of enclosed neighborhoods as well as they take advantage of all amenities and services they find around them. A sort of wall town within the city that could define clear edges and borders at the same time create inner spaces of great urban character for the community.

Recents events related with the COVID19 Pandemic have proved the need for open public spaces in neighborhoods that were conceived under principles of garden city but suffered important transformations with new planning strategies and zoning changes.

Spaces that could reinforce the notion of community by activating its central spaces and public events such as school, cultural centers and children facilities. Several strategies were explored in order to complete conditions of these neighborhoods by defining pedestrian corridors that could link urban edges with relevant educational, cultural and sport facilities located on its center. This is a way to provide access under conditions of safety for people and particularly children and the elderly. Introduction of new residential types in order to guarantee a certain demographic diversity with combination of families, young couples, students and elderly in areas of clear central conditions. This would allow a possible combination of residential uses with activities related with production and home work. Incorporation of community spaces on residential buildings that could promote social interaction between neighbors.

Protect the intimate condition of the neighborhood by reinforcing its urban edges with strong architectural interventions of mix use, density and typological diversity. This as a consequence of future mass transit interventions that could provide access to different areas of the city through a system of ecologic corridors and pedestrian promenades along the edge of the neighborhood. Finally, all these strategies are completed with a more general approach to relate the neighborhood with underutilized areas located in its immediate context. Experiences of urban agriculture and some other environmental strategies could balance the need for parks and community spaces for the interaction with nature.

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PERIPHERAL LANDSCAPES.

THE INNER LIFE OF SUBURBIA UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: ANGELICA DE BERNARDO San Antonio de Los Altos / Caracas, Venezuela Dorm cities located on the periphery of large cities face the other side of their own essence. Confinement measures, restriction on travel distances, absence of public spaces and urban facilities, etc. All of those aspects show that online solutions are not enough in a post-Covid-19 city.

The proposal explores the case of these areas that result of suburban development occurred when transforming peripheral towns with great potential for the expansion of the city, into areas signed by the contradiction between the original character of rural conditions and their new metropolitan role. In this sense, an intermediate landscape will be proposed defining places with a strong urban identity without renouncing its unique semi-bucolic landscape and its conditions of security and tranquility.

Various strategies to establish a clear center around urban mobility strengths and integrated solutions for mass transit and local transit were explored. This is also an opportunity to define the main open public spaces, such as squares and boulevards, that could attract people and companies, since they remain active at all times. A kind of peripheral centrality that would bring urban life to the calm character of suburban fabric.

In this sense a system of pedestrian paths across areas that are lacking spaces for social integration but also as more efficient links between places with strong topographical conditions that could produce public spaces with particular character. This is particularly relevant because of the importance of the car as the only vehicle for access to services and public facilities which excludes a good portion of the population of these neighborhoods. At the same time the strategy seeks a reduction of the presence of the car in the urban landscape of the area specifically at the more domestic level, since parking spaces are extensive and extremely visible.

Reuse of green areas that could be treated as places for agricultural production within a residential neighborhood are part of the strategy that could improve the relationship between built and natural areas. This is somehow a strategy that would recover the agricultural tradition of places that turned into suburban areas by their process of densification.

This is also important in terms of improving conditions of local production and creation of jobs in these suburban neighborhoods that rely too much on central areas of the city.

Creation of a network of public spaces and facilities that could define several levels of use from metropolitan to local scale.

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TRANSITIONAL TYPOLOGIES.

SEARCHING FOR A NEW CENTRALITY UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: FEDORA PORTILLO

La Castellana / Caracas, VENEZUELA . La Castellana is a neighborhood located in Caracas, sitting at the skirts of El Avila National Park which serves as its north limit. It is surrounded by Altamira, El Pedregal, San Marino, Chacao historic center and Bello Campo neighborhoods. During the 90s, the so-called “Milla de Oro” or Golden Mile of La Castellana, was created out of the extensive growth of Business developments expanding from other sectors of the city. The Golden Mile occupies the south side of la Castellana along a main street that runs east-west of the city. Pedestrian movement in the neighborhood primarily occurs in a east-west direction being often interrupted by wide avenues that run in the North-South axis. The neighborhood north side comprises buildings of both single and multi-family use while the south is dominated by its large business developments. It was therefore of extreme importance to create an intermediate scale area that would unify and connect the two aforementioned neighborhood limits.

The proposal focuses on the creation of a series of Pedestrian Greenways that would direct the flow and serve as Inter-connectors of buildings of different uses such as Business and cultural centers, recreational spaces and new (proposed) residential typologies. A main Pedestrian Green way would connect the Avila National Park to the Chacao neighborhood creating a defined north-south axis. Secondary Walkways in the east-west axis would emerge from it as connectors for the remainder of La Castellana neighborhood. The most currently prominent residential building type in the area are multi-family buildings sheltered from the public roads by external walls. The proposal looks at incorporating a new block typology with mixed uses. The new block would contain hotel developments to the south surrounded by buildings with ground floors and terraces designated for semi public use. These spaces would not only take advantage of the scenic views inherent to the neighborhood but would also open the possibility of sustainable developments.

A new multi-family residential typology is proposed. It is characterized by a double front: one that opens to a pedestrian walkway and another to the new block internal patio.

The ground floor is consistently designated for commercial use. This typology intends to integrate the proposed Main Greenway and secondary walkways to the blocks inner patios. Such internal patios offer a more private alternative to the neighborhood’s public plazas, while feeding from it (plazas and pedestrian walkways) and the proposed commercial front. The resulting product of the proposal would enable La Castellana to act as a self-sufficient neighborhood within Caracas making it a functional and articulated urban center that responds to it’s citizens needs and allows them to continue life after COVID 19.

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ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES.

THE EDGE BETWEEN CITY AND ITS NATURAL ENVIRONMENT UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: FERNANDO PERAZA Los Rauseos / Maracay, VENEZUELA. This project explores the apparent conflict between the urban and natural environment. As researchers explored the causes of the Covid-19, it was widely recognized that the pressure exerted on the natural environment by the ever-expanding cities and human activities are laying groundworks for pandemics.

The city limits are identified as the primal territory where this ethical confrontation takes place. While in industrialized countries the interface between cities and the natural environment tends to be a layered and a complex one, in other countries it is more common to find cities side by side with the natural environment. North of its centre, the city of Maracay borders the Henri Pittier Park, an extensive area of cloud forest, rainforest, rivers, mangroves and shrub forest.

Los Rauseos neighbourhood marks the abrupt end of the city and the start of the natural park. While it has grown as an organic development of the urban sprawl, this proposal aims to rethink the neighbourhood as a harmonic transition between the city and the park. Two water courses, including El Limon River, are re-established as green corridors allowing the park to penetrate the urban form. This in turn will provide a better quality of life for the community and a more efficient and sustainable system of distribution of a precious natural resource. Alternative urban strategies based on values of ecology, understanding and coexistence are developed to heal this relation and ultimately comprehend humanity as part of nature.

The main concept consists in an exchange where nature is expanded into the city and low impact human activities are developed in the natural environment for its enjoyment.

The public realm is developed with a sensitive naturalistic landscape in which plazas and streets become urban parks and natural promenades. Architectural structures are recycled focusing on the introduction of planting to soften the edge of the building and their surroundings. Los Rauseos will be developed as a gateway to the Henri Pittier National Park. The green corridors that penetrate the urban form will in turn become the start of activities that will extend into the park.

The tourism focus in the natural appreciation will help to develop a positive character of the area. The development of Los Rauseos, using its unique attributes, will create ideal conditions to develop a strong community that could hold together by a sense of harmony with its environment and the strong and beautiful natural events around them. The project challenges the traditional notions of division between urban settlements and natural environments as divorced places. This project seeks a vision of integration between the two as a way to guarantee the preservation of both as one unit.

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SEMIPUBLIC REALMS.

SUPERBLOCKS AS PROTECTED CAMPUSES UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: KELLY CHACÓN La California / Caracas, Venezuela. In this project, pandemic-induced confinement is re-interpreted as an opportunity to protect the communal spaces from external pressure of new investment and as a way to promote communal or social activities within the neighborhood. The project pretends to create new interactions between La California and its surrounding sectors to correct the deficiencies generated by its divisions.

La California neighborhood sits among large topographic masses, the terrain has slight slopes and an organic orthogonal layout that contains mostly residential and low-density buildings. After the construction of the Metro line, the zone went through a transformation with the introduction of new commercial uses and the creation of new physical barriers in the area through the privatization of its internal streets, due to social insecurity and the closure of its perimeters towards the industrial sector of Los Cortijos.

To achieve this, the project proposes a circuit through the two main axes of the main routes, to provide a connection that reuses the existing rivers and creeks as potential green corridors that can integrate at a pedestrian level, several neighborhoods through their course and also provide access to clean water and connecting trails. This will be accompanied by a system of macro-blocks, not only as a means to avoid the closure of streets, but also as a model of social interaction that allows a more harmonious relationship between the different types of uses within the neighborhood. The transformation and consolidation of a metropolitan park at La Carlota airport is proposed, seeking to enhance the density of the sector and its connections. In the north-south axis, a mixed commercial/residential use is implemented that ends in the creation of new green parks that will serve as eco-filters towards the elevated highway and accompany an edge piece destined for the pedestrian connection between the north and south.

Walkable streets at the north and west of the plaza are established, and the enhancement of the connection with the east-west axis. A linear park is proposed that accompanies the ravine and creates a connection to the industrial area of Los Cortijos. The buildings along the fronts of the big avenue, will have a bigger scale that will focus on the commercial and recreational activity of the square, proposing homes with workshops that can unify industrial activity to the west and educational activity to the east.

The Macro-block as interactive model is the main theme of this proposal, generating a peripheral ring as a semipermeable barrier, which allows the creation of green internal spaces in which buildings can provide educational, commercial and residential uses, and the new big green spaces, that can provide a more ecological and human friendly limits toward the highway and the industrial zone.

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CITY BORDERS.

ITINERARIES OF CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: MARÌA LAURA SUÁREZ Santa Elena / Barquisimeto, VENEZUELA. Confinement is understood as an opportunity to protect communal spaces from external urban pressure for new development and a way to promote social interaction and collective activities within the neighborhood. In this sense the strategy of the definitions of new borders along major urban corridors would define transitions between the metropolitan and the local scale of the community.

In particular, this is an essential urban strategy for areas of low density that are capable of major urban transformations either by densification or irregular changes on the land use pattern with commercial or retail activities. These areas tend to isolate themselves in order to preserve their quality of life but avoiding new possibilities of combination of both residential and productive spaces.

COVID19 has proved that some neighborhoods are not capable of surviving but themselves since they are depending on adjacent urban areas that could concentrate most commercial and retail spaces that are necessary for the population. In general, this is a consequence of an extreme zoning system in which there is no mixture of uses, densities and building types.

Densification as an urban strategy to mix demographic conditions of a neighborhood allowing subdivision of large individual units and incorporation of new forms of living such as cohousing and production or co-working places. Integration of residential structures to new productive uses given the potential of commercial areas nearby and the combination of scales, uses and building types as a way to reinforce centrality.

Preservation of the scale of a community in relationship with the new borders as a way to define mega-blocks that could combine the new scale with pre-existing structures. Such mega blocks could improve conditions of open public spaces as places for community interaction, sports, culture and recreational purposes. In this sense the proposal plans to reuse underutilized linear spaces such as alleys that were designed for services and car garage entrances and that could become pedestrian and bike paths.

Finally, this vision for the city intensifies the green character of the neighborhood as a way to incorporate nature as well as other activities such as cultural, religious and sports circuits around its edges and borders.

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INTERSTITIAL PLACES.

THE DISCREET ALLURE OF FORGOTTEN SPACES UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: MARÍA LAURA HEREDIA La Candelaria / Caracas, VENEZUELA. This proposal encompasses five areas in La Candelaria neighborhood established throughout different moments in the history of the city of Caracas, originating particular communities with a strong cultural heritage and a specific urban fabric. La Candelaria opened its doors to European immigrants, giving a unique character to the community. These areas present the opportunity of pedestrian fluidity, which is a very rare condition within the area of study, by exploring the application of pedestrian promenades, and consequently, the connection of existing and proposed public spaces. The pandemic has accentuated the need of re-evaluating the constant and daily interaction between different communities and/or cities. By creating a more independent multifunctional community where its members can mobilize by foot for its daily activities, the aspect of contamination, by exponentially exposing its habitants to others, is minimized. Therefore, the recycling and reuse of abandoned infrastructure, public spaces and buildings as a way to expand opportunities for economic enterprises, local production and gastronomic events, seems to be a healthy approach to our present times.

Pedestrian flow will be recaptured by remembering a historic creek and, therefore, creating an urban promenade or ecological corridor with the use of water and green elements. Green roofs and terraces will also add to the independence of the community from others by taking advantage of currently non-active surfaces to promote sustainable solutions such as water collection and energy generation. These surfaces will also provide recreational space and magnificent views of El Avila, part of the Cordillera de la Costa Central mountain range. Caracas presents a very diverse topography, and this neighborhood is no different. The pedestrian flow is a must for this neighborhood to interconnect and integrate its functions for its habitants’ daily activities. This proposal makes sure the pedestrian flow happens not only horizontally, but also in a vertical plane, creating connections along both a north-south axis and transversally. This creates a unified and centralized system of uses and activities during day and night hours, eradicating abandoned spaces and consequently providing a safer community. This idea reutilizes existing concepts of traditional planning, landscape design and architecture in a more efficient urban display, so that a community activates itself as a mini independent city center. This center will provide its members with a realistic interaction with their environment and their community, while reducing the large impact of contamination by commuting long distance and probably contaminating different cities on a daily basis. Such a proposal does not limit itself to pandemic times; it applies to all the challenging scenarios of decadent economies of third world countries, where independent communities will have an opportunity to thrive and not succumb to the lack of services. The integration of uses and an activation of pedestrian flow to access our daily activities will be key to challenge any scenario our future might bring.

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FUTURE AS A DEJA VU.

RESILIENCE OF IDENTITY

UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: MARÍA ALESSANDRA NIETO Colinas de Bello Monte / Caracas, VENEZUELA. The challenge for this particular approach has to do with how to adapt neighborhoods that are urban fragments with particular geographical conditions and its community members given critical situations like the COVID19 pandemic. Access to services and urban facilities becomes an issue in areas that are extremely oriented to the car whereas pedestrians, particularly kids and old people, are restricted to their buildings with very little possibilities to unwind other aspects of their lives.

During Venezuelan Modernity ambitious and heroic interventions that aimed to conquer the natural landscape through architecture and urban planning produced a unique neighborhood with great character and clear potential as an alternative centrality. A place in which metropolitan cultural events can occur while the local and more domestic activities can happen almost simultaneously.

Existing Places of strong urban and architectural identity are reinforced by creating a new pedestrian system based on the incorporation of major transit lines and circuits, minimizing the presence of the car on public spaces.

This approach leads to a more ecological system in which a series of paths would be defined in order to integrate green spaces leftovers, that are important because of their natural and positive environmental value. They become shortcuts that would expand opportunities for connectivity between isolated condominiums offering opportunities for children and elderly since they are not relying on the car for mobility purposes.

By limiting car access, we aspire to reinforce the presence of metropolitan activities within the neighborhood, taking advantage of cultural and sport facilities. This notion would define clearly commercial areas as places of interchange between major urban corridors and the more local patterns of curvilinear streets and boulevards.

Interstitial spaces in between buildings that were designed as isolated structures could be transformed into promising places for commercial purposes such as restaurants and cafés. A sort of “passage” condition in between streets to expand the amount of public surface in the area.

This mix of residential solutions would bring to the city more collective forms of living which are especially attractive for young students and will tend to consolidate a sort of cultural agora for the community and the metropolis.

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SUBURBAN RINGS

THE VOID AS AN URBAN OPPORTUNITY

UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: MILENA CAPOBIANCO San Blas – Canillejas / Madrid, ESPAÑA. The case of study are the neighborhoods that were originally conceived as social housing solutions in the periphery of large metropolitan areas and that somehow took over preexistent rural communities. San Blas/ Canillejas in the surroundings of Madrid is a very good example of urban development with large buildings placed in ground as objects surrounded with empty spaces with no relation between them, nor with the environment, this solution for social housing was lacking of places were people can relate to their neighbours, or to have any social engage, the empty spaces can not be qualified as public, nor semi-public spaces creating a deep need of places were relationships can take place. In this sense the proposal plays with the idea of how to reinforce the notion of urban identity by giving character and qualifying activities that can occur on those open spaces that begins to promote community appropriation and sense of belonging.

Until now these areas were surviving because they have a very efficient system of transportation that allows people access to the real city, (the traditional european city) where they could easily find all services and the activities that are missing in their neighborhoods. But in the development of COVID 19 those needs were discovered as a real problem to solve. That’s why re-qualification of open spaces becomes so important, transforming those voids without any content or meaning for the community into spaces where people easily solve their needs without a big effort in transportation is key, reinforce the sense of belonging is also very important in order to give some sense of ritm in the act of walk in the surrounding, the proposal focus all its efforts in give to the walker the whole urban experience in those voids.

Light Architecture, even ephemeral, is the perfect solution to fill those void spaces in order to give them structure, rithm, color and a sense of orientation, even a reference, with new activities, without put a fight with the preexisting buildings, the idea is to be related to those buildings in perfect harmony, conferring new urban values to the environment.

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RESILIENT VILLAGES

THE ORGANIC LOGIC OF AN URBAN PRE-EXISTENCE UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: PASQUALE CUCCHIA El Pedregal / Caracas, VENEZUELA. The existing barrio of El Pedregal exemplifies what the urban topology of the area and what the superimposed layers of the city (both social and structural) offer… as vectors for new proactive thinking, in the name of contemporary Urban planning and Architectural development as it relates to the new models of urban expansion in South America in particular, or to the new challenges in general, regarding the question of density vs community in an era of renewed ecological and sanitary guidelines... that redefine the creative path of today’s urban practice.

The heart of this project exists in the conjoined experience of either, following the topographical horizontal path that the east-west valley to the south of this neighborhood imprints in the gradual growth of the mountain to the north... or aiming towards, the gentle slope that becomes the strong longitudinal mountain presence, located to the north of this traditional Caracas neighborhood. This, stemming from a point of jointure that functions both: as an expansion point for an existing educational facility as much as it functions, as a pivoting point; for the enhanced green corridors (pedestrian)... that feed the urban center of gravity of the proposed residential presence, and light commercial development, to happen along the periphery of this mixed residential area that also lightly combines different socioeconomic levels that presently, coexist, with a potential innovative community discourse that this project aims, at building upon.

The aforementioned densification has been planned to happen gradually and in phases as the urban conditions of this initial transformation allows for expanded development.

The following guidelines have been used to accomplish this set of urban solutions: The re-use of existing structures in order to produce natural and renewed opportunities for gathering and social encounter.

Foster densification as a way to stimulate residential presence in areas of pressure to allow for new retail use and other diversified forms of local engagement.

Integration with surrounding areas by means of new pedestrian corridors.

Definition of new conditions of centrality via the development of new open public spaces.

Defining shortcuts, as strategy to further integrate areas within the central landscape.

Ecologic paths are to be defined in order to integrate the community to nearby parks.

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MODERN UTOPIA

THE ANONYMOUS URBAN STRUCTURE OF A RESIDENTIAL MEGABLOCK UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: ROSA MORENO Montalbán / Caracas, VENEZUELA. Montalban is a relatively new neighborhood located in the periphery of Caracas belonging to the Parroquia La Vega in the Libertador Bolivarian Municipality. It borders the parishes of El Paraíso and Antímano. The zoning of the neighborhood and the different urban interventions through time, has created a heterogeneous abundance of different urban scales and the segregation of uses typical of the modern approaches to Urban planning in the 50’s and 60’s. The precedence of an important highway to the north and the big slum of La Vega to the south, has it relatively isolated geographically making it difficult to integrate to the rest of the city.

The main challenge in this proposal was to combine three very different urban scales and textures, using an innovative way to make the interstitial spaces between the big residential buildings into a more usable human scale, trying to transform and to promote the introduction of a diversity of uses in such spaces.

This is made possible by the creation of a series of Mega-Blocks throughout the neighborhood as a way to reinforce community integration and appropriation through the creation of pedestrian corridors within and in-between the current structures and the new proposed ones. This is made possible by the incorporation of productive spaces within residential structures like ground level units, with a variety of commercial, recreational and cultural uses. Also promotes the integration of community facilities to the network of educational, cultural, sport and religious buildings and into the existing public spaces.

The project also aspires to reduce the presence of vehicles in the face of the new pandemic “normalcy” of staying home or in semi-public spaces, and proposes the creation of more public parking structures, to facilitate the transition between the vehicles and the pedestrian walkways for a more efficient and livable city; these corridors and lower structures also promote the improvement of connections with mass transportation systems like the existing Metro line.

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ECOLOGICAL PATHWAYS

THE OPPORTUNITIES OF AN EXTINCT SATELLITE CITY UNIVERSIDAD SIMÓN BOLÍVAR FACULTY: GUILLERMO FRONTADO / FRANCO MICUCCI / MANUEL BARRIOS STUDENTS: SARA LEIVA La Trinidad / Caracas; VENEZUELA. The kickoff of the proposal is to understand the power and leverage of the city in its double condition of scenery and tool to face the challenges set by the pandemic. In this sense, the opportunities to transform spaces not adequately assimilated to the urban fabric into places that serve as a support for activities that would not otherwise occur in the sector and would require a high energy consumption and long travels to other areas, aspects which the Covid-19 has shown again, are counterproductive.

For this proposal, an area that was originally located on the outskirts of the city and that with the growth of it has now been absorbed by the growing urban fabric was taken as a case study. This absorption has been imperfect, particularly those that are located in topographic features and watercourses, generating a series of problems of mobility, services, connectivity, public space, etc.

The first strategy implemented in the sector is based on the naturalization of watercourses that were treated as functional elements of infrastructure and that ended up creating pollution and poor urban quality. To this network of watercourses, green spaces are added, which also collect rainwater between houses and residential buildings. An essential part of the operation is to guarantee the preservation of water quality by including the necessary infrastructure solution in terms of collection and treatment of gray and dark water.

A second operation involves creating a linear park along the watercourse to integrate neighborhoods along its path and promoting new notions of sustainable mobility that would range from metropolitan transportation systems, bicycle lanes, and pedestrian corridors.

Likewise, the definition of an ecological road system along green spaces between urban areas is required as places for sports and recreation, but also community production given its potential for local agricultural activities. Green spaces can also create opportunities for local businesses related to greenhouses and nurseries that can produce flowers and other extremely expensive natural species.

Densification as a way to activate the use of the ecological corridor with new types of buildings that could create urban transitions between the surrounding nature, the edge of neighborhoods, and their internal domestic life. Architectural solutions that could promote new ways of life in which workplaces are integrated with residential units.

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_ AT HOME: The Pandemic, Localism, and Urban Resilience FACULTY: DR. LAWRENCE BARTH _The AA Housing and Urbanism Programme took as our starting point our collective experience of being at home during these last months of the Covid-19 pandemic. Each of our MA students is defining their own personal thesis research at this time of year, and they have used their observations and experience of the pandemic to sharpen their questions. We began with the obvious fact that we were observing more from our windows than usual, discovering surprising things about our neighbourhoods, and combining these observations with what we could learn about how our cities were responding to the challenge. Being “at home” invited us to think about the ways we might be at home in our cities in the future, but we defined this future in terms of a pragmatics of its immediate making. We were less interested in the fantastic and the very radical, and more interested in the ways innovation and resilience might be discovered in the everyday detail of changes that have already been underway. Like Robin Evans, we wished to explore the mystery that might be found in ordinary places and experiences.

One of the aspects of the ways cities locked down during the pandemic could be seen in the importance placed on localism. Not only were people’s lives constrained within local areas, but much of the best of our cultures of innovation, agility, care, responsibility, and leadership were also located here. Central governments seemed often overmatched by the events, while important knowledge around the world came from front-line doctors seeing how their patients responded both to the virus and to treatment. Local school heads were more aware of patterns of response within communities than were the governments supposedly guiding them. Local businesses found novel solutions to maintain supply long before central government could indicate directions of adjustment. Our students took the point of view that an internationalist and inclusive localism might stand as the starting point for a fresh approach to urban transformation. Let us build greater capacity for care, improved agility, and stronger leadership by strengthening the relationships that characterise a civic orientation linking the home to urban life. Rather than the isolation of functions that dominated 20th Century urbanity, today we should seek integration and build a stronger sense of responsibility between our core institutions and the populations they both lead and serve. Schools, health services, scientific and cultural institutions all have the capacity to mediate between local populations and rapidly evolving global events. These are the centrepieces of our urbanity.

We took the opportunity to reflect upon the ethics and politics of the pandemic and build this into students’ research topics. The author, Yuval Harari, wrote an article for the Financial Times on March 20, 2020, in which he called for an internationalist ethos of cooperation over competitive and secretive nationalism. At the same time, the leadership of this internationalism would be found in the same local communities of scientists, doctors, and other responsible actors and decision-makers who had direct roles in the civic life of patient communities, residents, and businesses. In Housing and Urbanism at the AA, we took our guidance from Harari’s short essay and looked for trends that supported a resilient, internationalist, and responsible localism. We set our research topics in line with a pragmatics that did not depend upon radicalism, fantasy, or nostalgia, but upon the mysteries of everyday innovation.

Larence Barth. PhD, M.Arch, B.Arch Is Co-Director of the Housing and Urbanism Programme at the Postgraduate School of the Architectural Association.

Mr. Barth works independently as a consultant urbanist for cities, design practices and research institutes. He has collaborated for nearly two decades with diverse architects and landscape architects on large-scale urban projects in Europe, North America, and Asia. He is also a frequent contributor to both civic and government-led advisory panels on the role of design in promoting successful urban development in the contemporary knowledge economy.

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HOME AND WORK ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION FACULTY: LAWRENCE BARTH STUDENTS: CONSTANZA CARRILLO, CAROLINA GILARDI During the pandemic, we have discovered some interesting things about our working lives. Of course, not all sectors of the economy were affected in equal ways. Those who work in the health services were called upon to be present in potentially dangerous settings. Others, in what have been called “non-essential” jobs, found new ways of working remotely, sometimes flexibly. Some people worked harder and longer to adapt and learn new digital skills. Nevertheless, if we look at the overall picture, we have seen new relationships emerge between the home and our work, especially in office-based occupations that dominate the knowledge economy. Among London’s central-city business clusters, the pandemic has brought images of desolation in place of once vibrant scenes of everyday life. In financial services, for example, we learned that we may have an overabundance of central-city office space, and that there are many aspects of the work that can be performed remotely at lower overall cost to the business and the environment. At the same time, working from home placed new pressures and strains on domestic environments while also enabling new cultures of home life to flourish.

Each of these observations give rise to domains of research and experimentation. For example, Carolina Gilardi will be researching the potential for adapting underused office environments into mixed function complexes based upon new forms of central city residential life. This research goes to the heart of architecturally based urbanism: to begin to envision the radical transformation of central city environments in ways that are relatively sustainable and minimally disruptive involves solid understanding of the typological, mechanical, and material characteristics of existing office buildings. Equally, however, to imagine how new homes might be developed in place of offices demands a rich understanding of emerging trends in multi-residential living. Constanza Carrillo, on the other hand, has noticed that in recent years the kinds of projects we see emerging in and along the fringes of central cities mix office functions with an expectation of public life. Both government buildings and the offices of tech and media companies are often partnering with housing developers to produce new urban assemblages with higher quality public spaces than have been associated with office environments in the past. Again, this is an area that needs to be researched architecturally because of the complex trade-offs among private, public, and civic claims and responsibilities.

If the pandemic has called into question the agglomeration economies of the city centres, however, the solutions may be linked to trends that were already underway. Office environments have already been changing, becoming more diverse in their functions, emphasising crossovers with cultural and public life. Even more noticeably, central city areas have become more attractive as places to live for those engaged in the knowledge economy.

Even as outdated office buildings may be transformed into next-generation living environments, new office clusters will be designed and built as centrepieces of urban residential and public life. These features demand a new civic orientation among actors and the development community.

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HOME AND CARE ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION FACULTY: LAWRENCE BARTH STUDENTS: HILAL KUSCU, MURIEL MULIER During the pandemic, we discovered the commitment of frontline health services, their direct involvement with those who depend upon their services, and their close connection to science through observation and experimentation. As a culture, the health services generally exemplify the best characteristics of pragmatism within democracies: they often demonstrate in equal measure leadership through responsible experimentation, active learning, and ethical reflection. However, we also discovered that many existing medical facilities lacked preparation and resilience and struggled to cope. Governments will want to build in greater capacity in their health services, but this should ideally be accompanied by improved health awareness across populations, the strengthening of ties between clinical care and scientific research, and the enabling and support of a broad range of therapies distributed into local areas.

In many respects, London could be imagined as a vast and intricate network of health service provision, medical research, and health education. Clearly, health-and-wellbeing makes up one of the most rapidly growing sectors of both the national and the metropolitan economy. Could we not imagine a series of projects that begin to emphasise this sector’s role and potential in the life of neighbourhoods? Muriel Mulier has chosen to speculate upon the idea of a care hotel as an element linking research, care, therapy, and residential life as a key component in evolving central-city neighbourhoods. Drawing upon the many crossovers within the contemporary politics of health and wellbeing, Muriel envisions the care hotel as an opportunity to critically reflect upon the democratic potentials and dangers of the contemporary bioeconomy.

However, care does not belong exclusively to the medical services community, and might equally be said to describe the foundational ethos of the family home. Hilal Kuscu, however, has taken this research topic in a new direction. Today, perhaps, rather than in the privacy of the home, care might be found more in the anonymous intimacy of the neighbourhood.

Having begun from reflections on the potential crossovers between the arts and medical care environments, Hilal has embarked upon a new envisioning of the neighbourhood.

As the pandemic has heightened our sense of local dependency and interaction, while simultaneously undermining the hospitality and retail sectors, we have an opportunity to diagram the neighbourhood in new ways. Beginning with a series of exemplary housing projects which emphasise collective residential life while simultaneously strengthening our sense of personal autonomy, Hilal explores two further moves in rethinking the idea of neighbourliness in contemporary democracies. Overturning the usual polarization of retail areas and cultural zones, we might take advantage of the decline in retail-dominated high streets to insert cultural functions while multiplying and distributing services more widely throughout residential areas. Secondly, novel approaches to the mixture of services might be based upon the care-oriented aspects of growth sectors such as recreation, therapies, and creative industries. These represent areas where our sense of care accommodates difference and avoids making demands upon personal identity. An anonymous intimacy becomes the foundation for stronger future neighbourhoods while challenging their morphology and organization.

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HOME AND ACTIVE LIVING ARCHITECTURAL ASSOCIATION FACULTY: LAWRENCE BARTH STUDENTS: MARLENE ORTIZ, YUUKI NOGUCHI During the pandemic, we discovered that our parks were more essential to our wellbeing even than we thought, that our streets could happily be repurposed for more active forms of mobility, and that personal exercise space was not only essential to our health, but could be found all around us in our cities. As we looked out our windows, we saw people skipping rope, riding bicycles, jogging, strolling, and even dancing. We witnessed people of all ages and surprising mixtures being active together. Suburban neighbourhoods gained a new vitality, even as central city areas emptied and became ghostly.

These observations align with an existing trend emphasising a shift in the conception and design of urban parks internationally. They have become not only instruments for the requalification of fragmented and severed parts of our cities, cut off from their surroundings by infrastructure or underused industrial areas, but have also become cornerstones in a shifting attitude about sport and wellbeing.

The park at Gleisdreieck in Berlin, Burgess Park in South London, MFA Park in Zurich, and many others indicate a shift in our sense of the layered relationships between landscape and urban activity. They are far more diverse in their character, more welcoming of the idea of being connected to industry and infrastructure, and more conducive to supporting new patterns of residential life adapted to functionally diverse neighbourhoods.

Marlene Ortiz has taken these parks as starting points to explore how the quite typically blighted zones surrounding central city environments can deploy this landscape strategy to not only requalify and integrate these territories, but also to challenge the traditional separation of the park as a singular entity separate from housing. Drawing upon recent traditions of the park as a layered urban terrain, she also explores the degree to which these new parks can absorb housing, businesses, and recreational functions. Mobility and integration are reconceived, with the park, rather than the street, becoming the primary surface of local circulation and active synergy.

Yuuki Noguchi has similarly drawn inspiration from these exemplary projects, noticing the increasingly natural pairing of transport infrastructure and landscape. In his case, the severance associated with suburban motorways becomes the starting point for a speculation on the role of landscape to support a more open and fluid ground underneath, and also to cultivate a sense of harmony between mobility patterns, recreational life, and the revaluation of these challenging sites for mixed function developments. Yuuki is further building upon a pattern of change we have witnessed in recent years: outlying metropolitan communities have emerged as new centres of workspace, taking advantage of lower costs and opportunities for higher quality office space than would be affordable in city centres. However, to fully reach their potential these projects must take full advantage of crossovers between residential living, knowledge-economy networking, and recreational life. Taken together, one can see that landscape plays a critical role in the resilience and integration that might emerge in the more peripheral localities of a polycentric metropolis.

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STEFANO BOERI _FOUNDER STEFANO BOERI ARCHITETTI

_Architect and urban planner, Stefano Boeri is Professor at Politecnico in Milan and visiting Professor in several international universities. In Shanghai, he is Director of the Future City Lab at Tongji University: a post-doctoral research program which explores the future of contemporary metropolis under the perspectives of biodiversity and urban forestry.

In February 2018 he has been appointed President of Fondazione Triennale Milano, a major international cultural institution, based in Milan.

In November 2018, he was Co-Chair of the Scientific Committee for the first World Forum on Urban Forests, organized in Mantua together with FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization, UN). In 2019 he presented in New York the Great Green Wall of Cities project, developed with FAO, C40, UN Habitat e other international research organizations, on occasion of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019.

Stefano Boeri is founder and main partner of Stefano Boeri Architetti, based in Milan and with offices in Shanghai and Tirana.

The focus on the relationship between city and nature led in 2014 to the creation of the Vertical Forest, the first prototype of residential building hosting more than 700 trees and 20,000 plants.

Built in Milan, the Vertical Forest has received many international awards, like the International Highrise Award in 2014 and the Best Tall Building Worldwide Award in 2015 by CTBUH.

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CREDITS: STEFANO BOERI ARCHITETTI

PETER TESTA

_FOUNDER TESTA&WEISER _SCI_ARC DESIGN STUDIO, APPLIED STUDIES, HISTORY+THEORY, VISUAL STUDIES FACULTY.

_Peter Testa is a founding partner and design principal of Testa & Weiser, and Design Faculty of Merit at SCI-Arc. At Testa & Weiser he leads strategy and design for some of the world’s most innovative companies. He was previously principal-in-charge with Pritzker Prize laureate Álvaro Siza. He has held professorships at Columbia GSAPP, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; as well as visiting positions at several schools including Harvard GSD. He is currently Design Faculty of Merit at SCI-Arc. His work is part of public collections including the Canadian Center for Architecture CCA; and exhibited at leading museums worldwide with recent installations in New York, Los Angeles, London, Paris, and Tokyo. In 2016 his firm’s Carbon Tower was featured as one of twenty canonical projects of the digital turn in the exhibition ‘Archeology of the Digital’ at the CCA, and Yale School of Architecture YSOA. Projects and writings are published in international art, architecture, design, and scientific journal as well as major newspapers. His critically acclaimed collection of essays and projects “Robot House,” was published by Thames & Hudson in 2017.

Testa holds an B.Arch and an S.M.Arch.S (History/Theory/Criticism) from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and is a Registered Architect in California. He is the recipient of numerous awards including the MIT Innovation Award, the Architecture Award of the Municipal Art Society of New York, and Design Arts Award of the National Endowment for the Arts.

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CAROLINE BOS _CO-FOUNDER / PRINCIPAL URBAN PLANNER UNSTUDIO _DIRECTOR AM CONCEPTS AND SUPERVISOR URBAN PLANNING AM _HONORARY PROFESSOR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE’S FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND PLANNING

_Caroline Bos studied History of Art at Birkbeck College of the University of London and Urban and Regional Planning at the Faculty of Geosciences, University of Utrecht. In 1988 she cofounded Van Berkel & Bos Architectuurbureau with the architect Ben van Berkel, extending her theoretical and writing projects to the practice of architecture. Realized projects include the Erasmus Bridge in Rotterdam, museum Het Valkhof in Nijmegen and the Moebius house.

In 1998 Caroline Bos co-founded UNStudio (United Net). UNStudio presents itself as a network of specialists in architecture, urban development and infrastructure. Completed urban development projects include the restructuring of the station area of Arnhem and the mixed-use Raffles City in Hangzhou, while current projects include the Southbank by Beulah mixed-use development in Melbourne and the masterplan for a leisure island in South Korea.

Caroline Bos has taught as a guest lecturer at Princeton University, the Berlage Institute in Rotterdam, The Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna and the Academy of Architecture in Arnhem. In 2012 she was awarded an Honorary Professorship at the University of Melbourne’s Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning. Central to her teaching is the inclusive approach of architectural works integrating virtual and material organization and engineering constructions. In 2020 Caroline joined AM as Director AM Concepts and Supervisor Urban Planning AM. 210 _NON-FICTIONAL CITIES

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CREDITS: UNSTUDIO_ Yongjia World Trade Centre

ODILE DECQ

_FOUNDER STUDIO ODILE DEQC

_French architect and urban planner. International renown came in 1990 with her first major commission: La Banque Populaire de l’Ouest in Rennes, France. Since then, she has been faithful to her fighting attitude while diversifying and radicalizing her research.

Being awarded The Golden Lion of Architecture during the Venice Biennale in 1996 acknowledged her early and unusual career.

Other than just a style, an attitude or a process, Odile Decq’s work materializes a complete universe that embraces urban planning, architecture, design and art. Her multidisciplinary approach was recognized with the Jane Drew Prize in 2016, and she was honored with Architizer’s Lifetime Achievement Award in 2017 for her pioneering work, but also her engagement and contribution to the debate on architecture. In 2018, she received an Honorary Fellowship from the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada, in recognition of her outstanding contributions in building science, design and education. The same year in October, she received the ECC Architecture Award 2018 for her contribution both as an architect and educator, and in November an Honorary Fellowship from The Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland. Odile Decq has been teaching architecture for the past 25 years.

She has been invited to be a guest professor in prestigious universities such as the Bartlett (London), the Kunstakademie (Vienna & Düsseldorf), SCI-Arc (Los Angeles, CA), Columbia University (New York, NY), and more recently at Harvard’s Graduate School of Design (Cambridge, MA). In France, she was Head of l’École Spéciale d’Architecture (ESA) in Paris from 2007 to 2012, after teaching there for 15 years. Following this experience, she created her own school in 2014 now located in Paris : the Confluence Institute for Innovation and Creative Strategies in Architecture, accredited by the Royal Institute of British Architects.

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TOM KVAN

_PROFESSOR OF ARCHITECTURE, UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE.

_ Thomas Kvan is recognised for his pioneering work in design, digital environments and design management and has held senior leadership roles in several universities as Dean and Pro Vice Chancellor. He was the founding co-Director of LEaRN (the Learning Environments Applied Research Network) delivering multidisciplinary research on learning and architecture, and was founding Director of AURIN (the Australian Urban Research Information Network) that developed a national digital infrastructure, both networks hosted at the University of Melbourne.

He has published over 180 publications in academic, professional and popular channels. He is currently founding Dean of the School of Design at the South University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) in China.

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ANTONIO LIPTHAY _DIRECTOR OF THE MASTER IN URBAN PROJECT OF THE PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE CHILE.

_ Antonio Lipthay holds a bachelor’s degree in Architecture from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (1998), and an Msc in City Design and Social Science at The London School of Economics and Political Science (2001). After completing his graduate studies, he worked at the offices of Bohigas Martorell and Mckay, and David Chipperfield Architects, and at the LSE Cities think-tank of urban studies with Ricky Burdett and Richard Sennett.

Between 2003 and 2005 he worked as an urban advisor for the municipalities of Camden and Southwark in London, as part of the teams that elaborated the guidelines for the development of the public spaces of King Cross’s international and national train stations, as well as for the areas surrounding the expansion of the Tate Modern. Upon his return to Chile, he founded Mobil Arquitectos in 2006 along with his partners Patricio Browne and Sebastián Morandé. The company expanded in 2012, incorporating partners María José Martínez and Lorena Pérez. During these thirteen years, Mobil has developed projects in the areas of transportation infrastructure, health, housing, and public spaces.

His main projects include: The design of public spaces in the Toro and Santo Domingo hills in Valparaíso, Chile; the renovation of Plaza de Maipú in Santiago, Chile; the design of Clínica Bicentenario, Clínca Las Condes, and Clínica Bupa in Santiago, Chile; the design of the stations for Line 6 of the Metro in Santiago, Chile; the design of the Ciruelillo Building, and Los Militares Building, in Santiago, Chile; and the design of the 12 Cachagua Building, in Cachagua, Chile. He has taught at the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, The London School of Economics, and University of East London, and currently he is the director of the Master in Urban Project of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

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CREDITS: METRO LÍNEA 6 ESTACIÓN LOS LEONES_ MOBIL

HERNANDO BARRAGÁN

_DEAN ARQDIS UNIANDES

Barragán, artist and designer, Dean of the School of Architecture and Design and Tenure Professor at the Universidad de Los Andes in Bogotá, partner at the design studio Openwork in NY. Barragán received its MA with distinction from the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea IDII in Italy. Barragan designs interactive artifacts and experiences with different collaborators as an opportunity to attract and engage diverse audiences in dynamic contexts exploring the possibilities of expression in the intersection of art, design, architecture and technology to enrich human experience in unique ways.

Barragán was awarded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council in Canada with a Research-creation grant along with two of his Colleagues from Laval University and UQAC University in Canada in 2015.

Barragán has worked as consultant for prestigious companies and organizations like: MoMA, AUDI, BMW, Kennedy Fabrications, Milan Triennale, FIAT, Telecom Italia, Milan Fashion Week, Corning.

Barragán also initiated the open Project Wiring http://wiring.org. co an open-source programming framework for microcontrollers that allows writing cross-platform software to control devices attached to a wide range of microcontroller boards to create all kinds of creative coding, interactive objects, spaces or physical experiences. The framework is thoughtfully created with designers and artists in mind to encourage a community where beginners through experts from around the world share ideas, knowledge and their collective experience. There are thousands of students, artists, designers, researchers, and hobbyists who use Wiring for learning, prototyping, and finished professional work production.

Wiring spawned similar projects like Arduino (https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2017/05/19/988294/0/en/Arduino-Welcomes-Hernando-Barragán-as-Arduino-Chief-Design-Architect.html), LeafLabs Maple and Energia, which forked and implemented the Wiring framework for various microcontroller technologies.

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CREDITS: MMIS ESTRELLAS, (MES ETOILES, ME) HERNANDO BARRAGÁN + ANDRÉS AITKEN.

COLIN FOURNIER _EMERITUS PROFESSOR OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM AT BARTLETT SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, UCL.

_Colin Fournier was educated at the Architectural Association (AA) in London. He is Emeritus Professor of Architecture and Urbanism at the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London (UCL), where he was Director of the Master of Architecture course in Urban Design and of Diploma Unit 18. He was Visiting Professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) from 2011 to 2016 and at the National University of Singapore (NUS) in the 2018 academic year. He was an associate of Archigram Architects in London and Planning Director of the Ralph M. Parsons Company in Pasadena, California, USA, developing several Urban Design projects in the Middle East, in particular the new town of Yanbu in Saudi Arabia.

He was Bernard Tschumi’s partner on the Parc de la Villette project in Paris and co-author, with Sir Peter Cook, of the Graz Kunsthaus, a contemporary art museum in Austria, completed in 2003.

His “Open Cinema” project was realised in Guimarães, Portugal in 2012, with a second edition produced in Lisbon in 2013 and a third in Hong Kong, at the K11 Art Space, in 2016.

He was the Chief Curator of the 2013-2014 Urbanism and Architecture Bi-city Biennale for Hong Kong and Shenzhen (UABB*HK), responsible for the Hong Kong part of the Biennale. He is currently working on a research project for a Circadian House prototype. He is Chairman of the architecture firm TETRA X, based in Hong Kong, and is now living in Paris.

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CREDITS: KUNSTHAUS GRAZ_PETER COOK&COLIN FOURNIER

OSCAR GRAUER _VISITING PROFESSOR/LECTURER

AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY, MIT, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, AND AT THE UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO.

_Graduated as an Architect from Universidad Simón Bolívar, Venezuela. Holds a Master of Architecture in Urban Design and a Doctor of Design degree, both from the Harvard University. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and Habitat of Venezuela (lifetime position); and founder and director of Ecopolis Group llc. He occupied the position of Robert F. Kennedy visiting professor and visiting scholar at the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American studies, both at Harvard University.

For the past eight years, he has been visiting professor/lecturer at Harvard University, MIT, University of Pennsylvania, and at the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. He founded and chaired the Urban Design Master program at Metropolitan University, Caracas, Venezuela. He was conferred National Awards of Architecture and Urbanism in Venezuela. Has worked as a consultant in Latin America. Has published books, chapters, and articles. lectured and advised doctoral students in Europe, North, and South America.

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DANIEL VASINI _WEST 8 CREATIVE DIRECTOR

_Creative director at West 8 New York and has led top-tier, multidisciplinary projects, specializing in designs that address urbanization challenges, infrastructure needs, sustainability goals, natural conditions, and identity of place. He is deeply committed to a project-tailored, wide-reaching, iterative process of design.

His leadership builds upon an interrogation of contemporary culture and urban identity, and incorporates landscape, public space, and engineering ‘best practices’ to produce noteworthy design solutions. Vasini specializes in transformative urban waterfront projects, and creates master plans, urban designs, and large-scale landscape architecture interventions. He rises to infrastructure and urbanization challenges by creating designs that address sustainability goals, natural conditions, and historic identity.

Daniel lectured and served as Design Critic in Landscape Architecture at Harvard University Graduate School of Design, including serving as panellist and juror at other universities, fellowship programs, and conferences around world. Daniel graduated from the Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc) in Los Angeles and worked for Skidmore Owings & Merrill in both Chicago and London, before joining West 8 in 2008.

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CREDITS: GOVERNORS ISLAND_TIMOTHY_SCHENCK

MARCELYN GOW _SCI_ARC MS DESIGN THEORY AND PEDAGOGY COORDINATOR _PRINCIPAL SERVO LOS ANGELES

_ Principal of servo los angeles, a design collaborative invested in the development of architectural environments integrating synthetic ecologies with shifting material states. servo’s work has been exhibited at the Los Angeles Municipal Art Gallery, Venice Architecture Biennale, Centre Pompidou, Archilab, Artists Space, the SCI-Arc Gallery, the MAK Center for Art and Architecture, the Storefront for Art and Architecture and SFMoMA. Gow received her Architecture degrees from the Architectural Association and Columbia University, as well as a Dr.Sc. from the ETH Zurich. Her doctoral dissertation Invisible Environment: Art, Architecture and a Systems Aesthetic explores the relationship between aesthetic research and technological innovation. Gow has lectured internationally and contributed to numerous journals including Perspecta, Via and AD. She is the coeditor of Material Beyond Materials and Onramp 4-7.

Gow was the recipient of a 2012 Graham Foundation Grant to Individuals and a 2014-15 City of Los Angeles Department of Cultural Affairs Visual Artist Fellowship. She is currently the Coordinator of the M.S. Design Theory & Pedagogy Program at SCI-Arc and she teaches design studios and history and theory seminars at SCI-Arc.

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CREDITS: SERVO LA/STOCKHOLM_AQUEOTROPE

THANKS TO...

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ALL THE FACULTY JURIES BUT SPECIALLY...TO ALL STUDENTS!

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ALL THE FACULT JURIES BUT SPECIALLY...TO ALL STUDENTS!

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