CONDITONAL TENSE OF VERBS MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS
PRESENTS TENSE The conditional tense is used to express that one action, called the result clause, depends on another action called the if clause. The result clause in present tense is formed by the combination of an auxiliary modal verb and a verb in present. Examples: She could leave early if she finishes typing the letters. Result clause if clause The president of the company would like to attend the meeting if all the managers also attend. Result clause if clause The customer should par now if he wants to keep his credit. Result clause if clause The conditional tense of verbs is formed with modal auxiliary verbs. Sometimes the if clause is not present or instead of “if”, “but” is used. WOULD: Condition, willingness Verbo + IA (comería, iría, etc.) SHOULD: Obligations or suggestion Debí, debería, debiera COULD: Possibility, permission Pude, podía, pudiera
INTERROGATIVE FORM OR QUESTIONS
AUXILIARY
BASIC WORD ORDER SUBJECT VERB
COULD SHOULD WOULD
I…..THEY I……THEY I…...THEY
COME PAY FILE
OBJECT LATER? IN ADVANCE? THE PAYROLL?
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
SUBJECT
AUXILIARY
BASIC WORD ORDER VERB OBJECT
I…..THEY I…..THEY I……THEY
COULD SHOULD WOULD
COME PAY FILE
IF CLAUSE
LATER IF YOU DON´T MIND. IN ADVANCE IF THEY WANT A DISCOUNT THE PAYFOLL IF IT IS COMPLETE
NEGATIVE FORM
SUBJET
AUXILIARY + NOT
BASIC WORD ORDER VERB OBJECT
I…..THEY COULD NOT, COULDN’T I…..THEY SHOULD NOT, SHOULDN’T I…..THEY WOULD NOT, WOULDN’T
COME PAY FILE
LATER IN ADVANCE THE PAYFOLL
IF CLAUSE IF IT KEEPS RAINING. IF THER IS A DOUBT IF IT SI NOT SIGNED.
PRACTICE I.
Change the following sentences to the conditional tense using an If clause with would, could or should.
1. I get circulars ready in advance. If I should get circulars ready in advance. 2. You develop a program in the computer. If you would develop a program in
the computer 3. The employees fill out the forms. If the employees fill out the forms, they
should come early. 4. They change the prices constantly. If they change the prices constantly, they
should earn money. 5. We go at once. If we go at once, we would invite more friends. 6. The secretary classifies the correspondence. If the secretary should
classifies the correspondence. 7. Hu uses the word processor. If he uses the word processor, he shouldn’t
have mistakes. 8. They transcribe all the letters. If they transcribe all the letters, they could read
quickly. 9. The students use their knowledge. If the students use their knowledge, they
could win the grade. 10. I decide it in this moment. If I decide it in this moment, I could make it.
II.
Change the previous sentences to:
A) Conditional Interrogative
B). Conditional Negative 1. A) Should I get a circular ready in advance? B) I should not get circular ready in advance. 2. A) would you develop a program in a computer? B.)You wouldn’t develop a program in a computer. 3. A) should the employees fill out the forms? B) They shouldn’t fill out the forms. 4. A) should they change the prices constantly? B) They should not change the prices constantly. 5. A) would we go at once? B) We would not go at once. 6. A) should the secretary classifies the correspondence? B) The secretary should not classifies the correspondence. 7. A) should he use the word processor? B) He should not use the word processor. 8. A) could they transcribe all the letters? B) They could not transcribe all the letters. 9. A) could the students use their knowledge? B) The students could not use their knowledge. 10. A) Could I decide it in this moments? B) I could not decide it in this moment.
III.
Add an if clause to the following sentences.
1. I would study more, but, I don’t have time. I would study more, if I have time. 2. We should study more; it is terrible that we don’t do it. We should study more, if we do it. 3. I could study more in the afternoons, but I am tired. (Cansado) I could study more in the afternoons, if I am not tired. 4. Could you come tomorrow afternoon? If I am not busy 5. I am sorry I couldn’t come yesterday. If don’t time 6. They could do that now, they don’t need to wait. They could do that now, if they need to wait. 7. You should finish this work by 5 o’clock. If I should work more fast. 8. It wouldn’t be necessary to repeat the letter. It wouldn’t be necessary to repeat the letter. 9. She should write the reply immediately. She should write de reply if immediately. 10. Would it be possible to start the advertising campaign? Would be possible if start the advertising campaign. IV.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Translate to Spanish the sentences of the previous section including the if clause that you wrote. Me gustaría estudiar más, pero yo no tengo tiempo. Debemos estudiar más, es terrible que no lo hacemos. Podría estudiar más en la tarde, pero estoy cansado. Podría venir mañana por la tarde. Lo siento no pude venir ayer Ellos podrían hacerlo ahora, no necesitan esperar Usted desearía terminar el trabajo a las cinco empunto. No es necesario repetir la carta. Ella debería escribir el reenvío inmediatamente. Sería posible para iniciar la campaña de publicidad.
V.
Change the verbs in parentheses to the conditional forma including an if clause.
1. They said they (will come) tomorrow.
They said they would come tomorrow, if they leave early. 2. We (shall buy) the tickets in advance.
We should buy the tickets in advance, if have time. 3. We (will pay) the tickets in advance.
We would pay the tickets in advance, if we have money. 4. I knew they (will stay) for the weekend.
I knew they would stay for the weekend. 5. The accountant (will endorse) the check. (endorser)
The accountant would endorse the check. 6. That office (will supply) us the necessary information.
That office would supply us the necessary information. 7. You (shall do) what I said.
You should do what I said. 8. You (can give) them only the down payment. (pago inicial)
You could give them only the down payment. 9. We (can send) him the telegram right now. (ahora mismo)
We could send him the telegram right now. 10. I (can begin) before 8 o’clock.
I could begin before 8 o’clock.
VI.
Answer the following questions with a conditional sentence.
1. Could I help you? (polite expression: puedo, podrĂa ayudarle).
Yes, you could help me. 2. Who should be first in line? (el primero de la cola)
Josh should the first in line. 3. What could we do to improve our English? (mejorar)
We could study. 4. How much could you pay for the lease? (alquiler)
I could pay five dollars. 5. Would you type this letter please? (polite request: quisiera)
Yes, I could type the letter. 6. Why should they repeat the transcription?
Are you now? 7. Could she come tomorrow morning?
Yes, she could come. 8. How many words would you type per minute?
I could type ten words per minute. 9. When should they start the course?
They should start the Monday. 10. How much could you spend? (gastar)
You could spend a lot of money.