GRAND RAPIDS MAGAZINE
DESIGN HOME
In the heart of East Grand Rapids, five purposefully planned sites await new homes inspired by a family’s legacy. Their story begins here.
Wilcox Gardens once upon a time
BY LISA M. JENSEN
Introducing Part One of Wilcox Gardens, a Grand Rapids Magazine Design Home presentation.
Hollyhocks and Forget-Me-Nots,
hostas and daylilies: Perennials planted with forethought and care take root in a garden and return year after year — sometimes over decades — to bring it new color, and life. To help a perennial thrive, gardeners often divide its root system. Then the original plant can be replanted, and shared.
A Frederick and Caroline Wilcox’s son Raymond, who became a landscape architect, designed the family estate’s fragrant formal gardens and pathways.
nd the garden — revitalized by new
goers sat back to enjoy a play or orchestra
blooms — grows.
performance.
Though a small city, East Grand
But there was no bustling neighborhood.
Rapids is a progressive, dynamic communi-
Beyond the beaches, there was only forest
ty. Homes here in myriad architectural styles
and farmland. And though trends of the
are well-kept; neighborhood sidewalks bus-
day indicated the burgeoning City of Grand
tle with joggers and dog-walkers. And while
Rapids would branch westward, a young
young professionals and empty-nesters are
attorney from Adrian who began finding his
among them, families drawn to East GR
fortune in real estate and loans predicted his
for its acclaimed school system particularly
best investment was eastward.
revel in its homespun charms,
So in 1888 — while Grand Rapids City
from festive parades and gas-
Hall was being completed — Frederick Wil-
light shops to ice-cream stops
cox purchased a tranquil tract of 30-plus
and strolls around the city’s
acres near Reeds Lake from dairy farmer
crown jewel: Reeds Lake.
John Apsey.
Once upon a time, of course, there was only the
And, together with his beautiful new bride, Caroline, Frederick built a home.
lake. But water doesn’t stay secret for long.
Setting Roots
By the 1870s, Reeds
Inspired by European architecture, the
Lake had become a popular
Wilcox manor at 1940 Lake Drive was
spot for picnics, boating and
crafted. Palladium windows, balustrade
swimming. City dwellers
balconies and a grand interior with maids’
from Grand Rapids flocked
rooms and a ballroom attested to the
to its serene and scenic
young Wilcox couple’s social prominence;
shores, traveling by foot,
they were also generous philanthropists,
stagecoach or horse and
well-liked for their dedication to youth
buggy. By 1879, a lakeside
education and green space preservation.
pavilion even emerged on the west shore, where beach-
But Frederick and Caroline’s greatest joy came from family.
Wilcox family members often gathered in their shared community house (at left) and its courtyard, while living in European-inspired homes (center). Below, Sanford Wilcox with daughters Barbara and Rosemary pose in the family’s formal gardens.
While electric lights and telephones began appearing in homes, the couple became the enamored parents of five children — Raymond, Louise, Sanford, Robert and Marian. As the children grew, so, too, did the family’s community: The Village of East Grand Rapids, incorporated in 1891, appointed Frederick president from 189293. Eventually, to be closer to his office downtown (now McKay Tower), Frederick commissioned a distinctive Dutch Revival home at 15 College, where the family moved. Their Lake Drive estate became a summer retreat. It was here, in 1912, that Frederick’s heart failed at age 55. Left to manage his business affairs and raise their family alone, Caroline gifted the Wilcoxes’ downtown home to the YWCA, and returned to reside with her children at their quiet Lake Drive manor. It was also here that a yearning to keep them close became the seed for something quite special.
Planting A Garden With much forethought, Caroline divided up the family’s East Grand Rapids property, reserving for each adult child a five-acre
an indoor pool, squash court, greenhouse, six carriage stalls and an apartment in which the family’s laundress lived. The Wilcox family hosted countless parties and gatherings in their courtyard throughout the Roaring ’20s and beyond.
Concrete stone pathways ran from the Wilcox homes to this shared recreation center and its courtyard. Here, countless parties and gatherings were hosted during the Roaring ’20s and beyond. Son Raymond, who became a landscape architect, parcel and funds to build a home of their
designed equally shared green space and
own. While architects were dispatched to
fragrant formal gardens through which Car-
Europe to seek out Dutch, Spanish and Ital-
oline’s grandchildren also soon ran.
L
OCATED WITHIN immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Visbeen Associates, Architects, in conjunction with Jeffery Roberts Homes, has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
JEFFERY ROBERTS HOMES
INC
ian designs, Caroline also
A beloved civic worker, philanthropist,
commissioned the building
mother and grandmother, Caroline Hill Wil-
of a community house to be
cox died in 1947 at age 81, in her home.
shared by everyone.
Eventually, over time, the other Wilcox fam-
Between 1924 and 1928,
ily members also passed away or moved on;
four new homes – one on
the last to leave in 1990 was Fred Perkins,
Lake Drive, and three on
son of Frederick and Caroline’s youngest
San Lu Rae, a new street
daughter, Marian.
named for three of the Wil-
But the roots of their legacy remain. And
cox siblings — were built
with forethought that paralleled Caroline’s
along with the family’s home
own, the unique land left behind has been,
“base.” This unique structure
again, nurtured into something special.
— reinvented in 2010 as
To learn more about distinctive proper-
the Grand Rapids Symphony
ties now available at Wilcox Gardens, visit
Showhouse — then housed
grmag.com/wilcox.
Look for Part Two of Wilcox Gardens in the July issue of Grand Rapids Magazine.
Wilcox Gardens preserving the past
Staying true to the land’s original intent, a team of new property owners and designers are fashioning a distinctive new community on East Grand Rapids’ last buildable home sites. By Lisa M. Jensen
Introducing Part Two of Wilcox Gardens, a Grand Rapids Magazine Design Home presentation.
Those who toured this year’s Grand Rapids Symphony Showhouse found their way to the intriguing residence by turning onto Laurel Circle Drive off of Lake Street in East Grand Rapids. This subtle street that wraps into a quiet cul-de-sac first passes an historic, European-inspired home on the right — the former Wilcox family manor, built in 1888.
N N
ext-door is 2010’s Showhouse — which goes by other names as well.
Comprised of reclaimed brick, the spacious community house enclosed a squash
It’s called “home” by the family
court, indoor pool and courtyard that could
of Nyal Deems, who owns it now. But it was
be entered beneath romantic arched entries
first known as the Wilcox family community
framed by decorative stone columns.
house, designed by nationally-renowned,
The community house was also sur-
Grand Rapids architect Kenneth C. Welch
rounded by formal gardens fashioned by
in the mid-1920s, at the request of Caroline
the Wilcoxes’ son, Raymond, who became a
Wilcox.
landscape architect.
Left to raise five children after the sudden
Years after the last Wilcox family mem-
death of her husband, 55-year-old Frederick,
bers died or moved away from the estate,
Caroline reserved land for each on which
a subsequent owner bought the community
they could build their own homes and remain
house, along with nearly eight landlocked
close. She also wanted a shared space she
acres surrounding it. Deep off of Lake Drive in
and her children’s families could gather for
its almost secret wooded setting, the stately
recreation and with friends on the Wilcox
compound gained a magical aura of sorts.
estate.
And its two adjoinging neighbors — fami-
lies who lived in homes built by two of the Wilcox children, on the other side of and across from the Wilcox Manor — named it The Castle.
Preserving A Legacy Before the recent creation of Laurel Circle Drive, the only way back to The Castle and Wilcox Manor was down a long gravel path through the woods off Lake Drive. Curious about what he’d find
line had intended be future home sites for
to maintain the feel of the Wilcox estate
at the end of the mysterious two-track
her other children.
in terms of space and gardens and dis-
in the midst of this well-groomed East
“They began brainstorming,” shared
tinctive homes architecturally unique in
GR neighborhood, builder/designer Jef-
Grand Rapids architect Jim Karczews-
their own right, but compatible with one
fery Roberts ventured onto it one Sunday
ki, whose wife, Katie, had become the
another,” Jim said.
afternoon.
property’s broker through Keller Williams
“I was so intrigued by the architecture
Realty.
While Excel Engineering constructed Laurel Circle Drive, which the City of East
of the community house I needed to learn
As one of the neighbors was a former
GR accepted as a gift and made a public
more about it,” Roberts said. “Really, I just
client of Jim’s, the architect was engaged
street, Jim divided vacant land remain-
fell in love with it.”
to fine-tune their plan: the creation of a
ing on the former Wilcox estate into six
Consequently, Roberts learned that
new street off Lake Drive derived from
new home sites — the last buildable lots
the community house, along with the
giving up some of their own land, and of
remaining in East Grand Rapids.
remaining Wilcox estate property, had
a new community inspired by the Wilcox
been purchased by the neighbors. The
family legacy.
that quality homes of a unique, yet com-
two families had partnered up to preserve the integrity of the distinctive land Caro-
“Wilcox Gardens is a site condominium project,” Jim explained, “which ensures
Creating Wilcox Gardens
patible design are built.”
“Beyond saving The Castle, the new
After touring the vacant community
owners — who formed TDG, LLC — wanted
house with Jim and learning about the new Wilcox Gardens concept, builder/
Laurel Ave.
1. Original Wilcox Manor, circa 1888 2. Community House — Currently the Symphony House, circa 1920 3. Lot Available 4 Lot Available
7
5. Lot Available
Lak
eD
1.07 acres
6. Lot Available 7. Lot Sold
8
Existing Residence
0.41 acres
Cir cle
8. Lot Available
rel
1
designer Jeffery Roberts — based in Chi-
rive
Lau
1.22 acres
cago as well as Grand Rapids — was instantly drawn to the project. “Caroline Wilcox wanted for each of
Existing Residence
her children’s homes to represent their individual styles, but be united through use of quality materials and landscaping,”
6
Roberts said. “And to begin we have a
0.44 acres
great colonial next to a Tuscan-inspired villa, next to the Showhouse, a brick Revival-inspired structure.”
2
Homes in East Grand Rapids, he
1.69 acres
added, are renowned for having different
3 0.51 acres
architectural points of view.
4
0.45 acres
5
0.66 acres
“The property owners want to ensure this at Wilcox Gardens, too: They want to honor history and create a sense of belonging, of family and community.”
Inspired by the community house’s
that allows their owners to feel a personal
European architecture, Roberts immersed
connection,” said Roberts, who was also
himself in a photographic
L
ocated within immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Visbeen Associates, Architects, in conjunction with Jeffery Roberts Homes, has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
study of historic Chicago parks
Pleased with this approach, TDG, LLC
buildings built during the same
tapped Roberts to take plans for Wil-
era. To the estate’s new own-
cox Gardens to the next level. To do so,
ers, TDG, LLC, he expressed
Roberts teamed up with award-winning,
his vision of merging these
Grand Rapids-based Wayne Visbeen, des-
architectural details as well
ignated architect for Grand Rapids Maga-
as reclaimed architectural arti-
zine Design Home 2010. Together, this
facts — such as a bronze bal-
innovative design team is journeying to
cony from the Chicago Opera
the past to create the first distinctive new
House — into the new home
home in this exclusive new community —
designs.
and a new legacy.
“Incorporating
Jeffery Roberts Homes
Inc
formally trained in the arts.
salvaged
Architectural designs will be featured
finds like this is a significant
in the August issue of Grand Rapids Maga-
way to reuse pieces from
zine. To learn more about Wilcox Gardens,
the past and give these new
visit grmag.com/wilcox.com.
homes character — a story —
Look for Part Three of Wilcox Gardens in the August issue of Grand Rapids Magazine.
A collaborative understanding of what makes a home timeless is bringing new life to an East Grand Rapids legacy.
WilcoxGardens Inspiring new beginnings
By Lisa M. Jensen
Introducing Part Three of Wilcox Gardens, a Grand Rapids Magazine Design Home presentation.
Designing a new home on a blank slate
opens endless doors of possibility. But when that canvas is set in a frame to ensure quality and neighborhood cohesion, distinction is born from architectural inspiration and architectural ingenuity.
Taking cues from a gardener’s shed and other 1920s’ architectural structures in Chicago’s Lincoln Park, this home design concept is infused with timeless character.
A
t Wilcox Gardens — an exclusive site
erts accepted the role of overseeing home
condominium community that offers
design for new residences here.
five new home sites, the last remain-
“It was important to TDG that we have
ing in East Grand Rapids — builder/designer
an overall concept for this community,” he
Jeffery Roberts has both.
said. “In this part of East Grand Rapids,
Architectural inspiration first came from
every surrounding residence was designed
the former Wilcox family community house.
for its owners by an architect — it wasn’t
More prevalently recognized as 2010’s Sym-
just built. But while each expresses that
phony Showhouse, this unique brick resi-
individuality, their quality of craftsmanship
dence with its inner courtyard was built in
and natural materials ties them all together.”
1920. Having expressed his knowledge of
To begin creating concept designs for
and appreciation for its architecture to the
available home sites at Wilcox Gardens,
owners of Wilcox Gardens (TDG, LLC), Rob-
East Grand Rapids-based Roberts followed
a research trail to public parks surrounding his studio in downtown Chicago. “Many of these park district structures were built during the ’20s, the same era as the Wilcox community house,” he explained. “They capture the period character we are after.” In places like Lincoln Park, the Windy City’s largest at just over 1,200 acres, Roberts photographed and documented styles of architecture and materials used. “A gardener’s shed here — a combination of stone and brick, with curved, bracketed archways and a quaint, cottage exterior — literally was the springboard for our Lincoln
home site purchased to develop GRM’s next
Park home concept at Wilcox Gardens,” he
Design Home. “Wayne and his associates (including
noted.
David Lorenz and Paul Fikse) are able to turn
Architectural Ingenuity
my research, inspirations and concepts into
To turn his inspirations, historical exper-
a buildable set of plans,” Roberts said. “He’s
tise and attention to detail into several
exceptional at not only being able to see
design concepts for the new community,
three-dimensionally in his mind and trans-
Jeffery Roberts Homes worked in conjunc-
late that onto paper, but at remaining practi-
tion with veteran Grand Rapids Magazine
cal financially as to how those concepts can
(GRM) Design Home architect Wayne Vis-
be translated into reality.
been and award-winning Visbeen Associates, Inc. Though not an exclusive architect for Wilcox Gardens, Visbeen will also be collaborating with Roberts and buyers of the first
“And he doesn’t compromise on design quality to achieve that.” Drawing from French, English and Spanish period architecture that influenced earlier Wilcox family homes as well as 1920s’ Chicago
Featuring natural materials including stone, brick, slate and stucco, exteriors of homes to be built at Wilcox Gardens will blend into a cohesive community but express distinct individuality. Jeffery Roberts Homes and Visbeen Associates, Inc. collaborated to create several home design plans that serve as springboards for new properties at Wilcox Gardens.
parks-inspired
structures,
these starting point home plans are united by exteriors crafted from natural materials including stone, brick, slate and stucco and use of reclaimed architectural elements to add distinction. “Each of these homes also, in
L
ocated within immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Jeffery Roberts Homes, in conjunction with Visbeen Associates, Inc., has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
Jeffery Roberts Homes
some way, incorporates a
munity, as well as offer clean elegance.
large, usable front porch to
“Wilcox Gardens today will be devel-
promote community,” Roberts
oped the way Caroline Wilcox originally
said. “They might be screened
envisioned, which was for her children
or open air, but they all come
to express their individuality in homes
off key living areas in the
of their own on the family estate, but to
homes so that when you’re out
maintain togetherness,” Roberts said.
in them, you can interact with neighbors passing by.”
To learn more about home design concepts Jeffery Roberts Homes has devel-
And while landscaping will
oped in conjunction with Visbeen Asso-
be individually tailored to suit
ciates, Inc., and available properties at
each home’s character and
Wilcox Gardens, visit grmag.com/wilcox.
property, mailboxes and driveInc
way markers will be united to underscore that sense of com-
Look for Part Four of Wilcox Gardens in the September issue of Grand Rapids Magazine.
WilcoxGardens Crafting the next chapter
By Lisa M. Jensen
Introducing Part Four of Wilcox Gardens, a Grand Rapids Magazine Design Home presentation.
WilcoxGardens
Crafting the next chapter
One of five premiere urban properties available in East Grand Rapids, Lot 4 at Wilcox Gardens has been chosen as the canvas for “Grant Park,” Grand Rapids Magazine Design Home 2011. By Lisa M. Jensen
F
Caroline Wilcox divided up the family’s East Grand Rapids estate, reserving for each of her five adult children a parcel and funds to build a home of their own. Between 1924 and 1928, four new homes — one on Lake Drive, and three on San Lu Rae — were built along with a community house. The remaining properties await new owners.
or buyers seeking the authenticity of
rich architectural character,” observed Wayne
a century-old home that’s Green-built
Visbeen, AIA, IIDA, designated GRM Design
from the ground up, stocked with state-
Home architect. “But the older mechanical
of-the-art technologies, products and materi-
systems and other issues that come with it
als, and crafted by an innovative design team
make potential buyers nervous.
to suit a modern family’s active lifestyle, it’s also an unparalleled investment opportunity.
“This is the dilemma we’re solving at Wilcox Gardens. And because this home will be
“People love the idea of moving to East
the neighborhood’s first, everybody involved
Grand Rapids and into an old home with
in maintaining the integrity of Wilcox Gardens’ past — from designer/builder Jeffery Roberts and myself to the property sellers and real estate firm — is contributing toward its price.” Because “Grant Park” will simultaneously serve as Grand Rapids Magazine’s next Design Home, Visbeen added, its buyers will save significantly on products and materials as well, beyond typical financial advantages gained from purchasing a Parade or spec home.
The quality level of everything in this residence — from custom-built cabinetry, millwork, built-ins and art niches to use of repurposed and natural materials — will be a tribute to the traditional design-build process.
“There’s no question that the first people to build at Wilcox Gardens will be the ones who realize the greatest appreciation in their investment,” noted Katie Karczewski, a Realtor for Keller Williams overseeing sales for each of the five halfto ¾-acre lots. “This is a premiere setting within East Grand Rapids, a very walk-
richly-detailed kitchen with breakfast
working with the client to fulfill their own
able neighborhood with Reeds Lake, great
nook; stately dining room that opens to a
dream, as well.”
schools and great energy.
porch; master suite with sleep-
“Here, you aren’t just buying a house. You’re buying a lifestyle.”
ing porch or outdoor veranda; and garage attached toward the rear.
About “Grant Park”
“Our buyer will be someone
While state-of-the-art mechanical sys-
who has a true appreciation for
tems, technologies and other amenities
purity of architecture and atten-
including appliances will ensure Design
tion to detail, as well as cutting-
Home 2011’s efficiency, the inventive use
edge technology,” Roberts said.
of reclaimed materials and the home’s
“The quality level of everything
eclectic European, 1920s’ Chicago park-
in this residence — from cus-
inspired architecture will lend a sense of
tom-built cabinetry, millwork,
timelessness.
built-ins and art niches to use
“Jeffery had a very detailed vision of
of repurposed and natural mate-
what this home needed to fit the character
rials — will be a tribute to the
of East Grand Rapids and to set the tone
traditional design-build process.
for Wilcox Gardens,” Visbeen said.
We will be bringing a home
Historically accurate attributes include a welcoming front porch with timber beams that opens to a foyer with fire-
from this certain era beyond what has been done before. “But
beyond “we
that,”
he
have
an
place and very unusual stair hall; exterior
emphasized,
balconies; an oval-shaped living room;
exceptional team that will be
L
ocated within immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Jeffery Roberts Homes, in conjunction with Visbeen Associates, Inc., has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
Jeffery Roberts Homes
Inc
WilcoxGardens Beyond a builder
Having five Grand Rapids Magazine Design Homes to his credit, internationallyrenowned architect Wayne Visbeen and his award-winning work are familiar to many readers. Now, based in both Grand Rapids and Chicago, builder/designer Jeffery Roberts and Visbeen are combining their prolific skills sets for the first time. Their dynamic partnership, in collaboration with homeowners, promises an entirely new Design Home experience in 2011. BY LISA M. JENSEN
A
uthentic Old World character, cuttingedge amenities: Grant Park — the inviting residence proposed to become
GRM’s 2011 Design Home — will showcase how both can be crafted efficiently into a Green-built, high-end new construction. Now, designer/builder Jeffery Roberts and architect Wayne Visbeen are ready to add ideas and details that will make Grant Park truly distinctive. These they await from yet-tobe buyers of the prime lot reserved for Design Home in East GR’s historic Wilcox Gardens. “We both bring to this project an historical, architectural and international perspective,” Roberts said of Visbeen and himself. “But formal education in art and design expands my perspective beyond that of just builder.”
THIS EXHILARATING DESIGN HOME CAN BE YOURS. CONTACT KATIE KARCZEWSKI OR JEFFERY ROBERTS.
A Unique Approach Classically trained in the fine arts to
Jeffery really understood what this house was telling us it wanted to be,” Dennis said.
enhance architecture and interior design
While Roberts efficiently managed
degrees, Roberts operates his own firm —
everything from new electrical wiring, heat-
Jeffery Roberts Homes and Jeffery Roberts
ing and roofing to reclaiming attic space
Interior Design — in downtown Chicago and
and building a new kitchen in a different
East Grand Rapids, where he also resides.
part of the house, Kathy noted he thought
He revels in this historic, family-orient-
of small details like adding corner blocks
ed community that merges global aware-
to baseboards for an aged look
ness with small-town values. “This is why
and hunted for unique touches
Caroline Wilcox sent architects overseas to
like reclaimed brackets to add
research European designs for her children’s
interest.
homes,” he noted. “Family and architectural integrity are her legacy.”
“That helped us maintain our budget,” she said, “but beyond
Though Roberts’ international portfolio
that, I doubt other builders
includes modern projects in Malibu and New
would have had the time or
York as well, he’s renowned for reinventing
interest in all of this.”
products and materials from the past into
Pairing this artistic approach
artful, functional features and creating a
to building with Visbeen’s archi-
timeless sense of “home.”
tectural expertise brings the
Here, past clients including Dennis and Kathy Jones refrain, Roberts excels.
full circle, Roberts said. “Attention to every detail,” he assured,
Europe, the couple had searched almost two
“will be to the highest level of
years before uncovering “home” in East GR:
quality. And the result will be
A spacious, French Country farmhouse built
one-of-a-kind.”
“As a designer as well as builder, only
OCATED WITHIN immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Jeffery Roberts Homes, in conjunction with Visbeen Associates, Inc., has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
design process for Grant Park
Having lived for more than a decade in
in 1950 that had stood vacant for five years.
L
JEFFERY ROBERTS HOMES
INC
Treasured Destination Nostalgic allure
A quaint city rooted to a rich and colorful history on the east side of downtown Grand Rapids, East Grand Rapids is an active community where pride prevails, from home ownership and academia to myriad fields of sport. BY LISA M. JENSEN
K
atie Karczewski, a local real estate real-
“They were well-prepared for the continu-
tor and partner of Keller Williams Real-
ation of their academic careers,” Karczewski
ty, has owned and lived in East Grand
shared. “For this reason and so many others,
Rapids for more than 30 years. Here, she and
it’s such a pleasure for me to share my passion
her husband, Jim, raised three sons who rev-
about this community with those searching for
eled in the value of this city’s excellent school
their own sense of place and home. ‘Selling’
system and renowned athletic opportunities.
East Grand Rapids just comes naturally!”
THIS EXHILARATING DESIGN HOME IN EAST GRAND RAPIDS CAN BE YOURS. CONTACT KATIE KARCZEWSKI OR JEFFERY ROBERTS.
Beyond being an idyllic setting to raise
by mature hardwoods and trails, East
children, Karczewski added, East GR offers
Grand Rapids can possibly
a friendly, urban atmosphere of well-kept
be summed up best in two
homes, unparalleled city services and great
words: “Most livable,” Karcze-
energy.
wski believes.
On any given Friday night from late
East Grand Rapids is home
August through November, that energy can
to Wilcox Gardens, a site-con-
be found enlivening Memorial Field during
dominium development of new
football games, a social event rarely missed
single-family homes, the first
by area residents.
of which will be Grand Rap-
“Then you have the crown jewel of the
ids Magazine’s latest Design
city, Reeds Lake,” Karczewski said. “This
Home built. Katie’s husband,
is a treasured destination with nostalgic
Jim was instrumental in the
allure, still rich with memories from the
development of Wilcox Gar-
bygone days of Ramona Park, but abounds
dens, one of the last areas to
now year-round with community activities,
build new construction. Please
from sailing regattas in summer to cozy ice
inquire with Katie Karczewski
huts and fishing during winter months.”
at (616) 575-0119 or visit www.
Capped by an inviting Gaslight Vil-
grmag.com to learn more about
lage and amenities ranging from boutique
Design Home and the entire
shops and restaurants to a boat launch,
team.
library and plenty of green space fringed
L
OCATED WITHIN immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Jeffery Roberts Homes, in conjunction with Visbeen Associates, Inc., has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
JEFFERY ROBERTS HOMES
INC
Wilcox Gardens How the gardens grow
In planting rich traditions of family, community, nature and architecture, Caroline Wilcox founded a legacy during the 1920s — and inspired East GR’s most compelling real estate opportunity today. BY LISA M. JENSEN
S
pring emerges fragrant and green
Here, hidden off of Lake Drive, the last
in East Grand Rapids, enlivening the
five single-family home sites in East GR
senses and the unique sense of com-
are heirloom properties artfully crafted from
munity that’s nurtured here by residents. Newcomers enticed to call this vibrant, land-locked city “home” are invited to discover historic Wilcox Gardens.
a prominent family’s turn-of-the-century estate. Planned thoughtfully for privacy and to preserve the land’s natural character, these serene urban lots neighbor 2010’s Grand Rapids Symphony Showhouse and include plans for “Grant Park,” Grand Rapids Magazine’s intriguing next Design Home. “This is a premiere setting within East Grand Rapids,” said Katie Karczewski, a Realtor for Keller Williams overseeing sales for each of the half- to three-quarter-acre parcels. “There’s no question that the first people to build at Wilcox Gardens will be the ones who realize the greatest appreciation for their investment.”
THIS EXHILARATING DESIGN HOME IN EAST GRAND RAPIDS CAN BE YOURS. CONTACT KATIE KARCZEWSKI OR JEFFERY ROBERTS.
While Design Home will be Green-built and stocked with state-of-the-art technolo-
legacy remained. Today at Wilcox
gies, products and materials, it will also be
Gardens,
the first custom home here to uphold the
custom homes for this
century-old integrity of four existing homes
intimate new neigh-
built by the Wilcox family.
borhood are rooted to a
proposed
rich heritage of family,
Preserving A Heritage
community and nature.
The first manor, built in 1888 as a
Shared gardens and green space will be
country retreat for Frederick and Caroline
enhanced by natural exterior materials and
Wilcox, became Caroline’s year-round home
authentic vintage details.
with the couple’s five children in 1912 after 55-year-old Frederick’s heart failed.
“Beyond being good for the environment,” Roberts noted, “incorpo-
A yearning to keep her family close
rating reclaimed artifacts like a
prompted Caroline later to divide the wood-
bronze balcony railing from the
ed Wilcox estate into parcels for each grown
old Chicago Opera House cre-
child. She also commissioned a community
ates a sense of history in a new
house with indoor pool and courtyard for
home.”
entertaining their families and friends. Son
Wayne Visbeen, AIA, IIDA,
Raymond, who became a landscape archi-
designated architect for Design
tect, surrounded it with fragrant formal
Home 2011, agrees.
gardens and shared green space.
“People love the idea of mov-
Between 1924 and 1928, three new
ing to East Grand Rapids into an
homes expressing Wilcox siblings’ varying
old home with rich architectural
architectural preferences were built as well.
character,” he said, “but the older
“Though Caroline dispatched architects to
mechanical systems that come
Europe to ensure each home’s uniqueness,
with it make them nervous. This
she united them through use of quality
is the dilemma we’re solving at
materials and landscaping,” noted builder/
Wilcox Gardens.”
designer Jeffery Roberts. Over time, as the Roaring ’20s faded, so too did celebrations in the courtyard and laughter from the pool-house. But Caroline’s
To learn more about Wilcox Gardens, visit grmag.com/ wilcox.
L
OCATED WITHIN immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Jeffery Roberts Homes, in conjunction with Visbeen Associates, Inc., has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
JEFFERY ROBERTS HOMES
INC
REDESIGNING HOME 2011
Reclaiming the past PART ONE
Based in Europe, Steve and Karen Patterson* placed the extensive six-month renovation of a 1950s’ house on Reeds Lake into the indelible care of a skilled East Grand Rapids team — and came home to a French-inspired haven. This month through September, Grand Rapids Magazine shares highlights of this historic makeover. BY LISA M. JENSEN
D
epicting many architectural styles built at the turn of the century, no two homes are alike in East Grand
they admired in the French countryside. The Realtor came to recognize that what they wanted wasn’t on the market — yet.
Rapids. But veteran East GR Keller Williams
Hidden in rolling, wooded acreage along
Realtor Katie Karczewski (Katie K) says their
the shores of Reeds Lake, a European-styled
owners share a common trait.
farmhouse had stood vacant for seven
“Generally, residents here are highly
years, closed up by the grown children of
educated people who have a deep appre-
a GR engineer who had built it in 1950.
ciation for history,” she noted. “They tend to
Designed by a French architect, the cin-
view themselves as stewards of the homes
derblock home’s original wall coverings,
they buy.”
sinks, tiles, light fixtures, flooring and all
European residents for 12 years, Steve and Karen Patterson* searched patiently with Katie nearly two years, predominantly
other features had remained untouched for 60 years. That was about to change.
from overseas, to find what they were seeking in East GR: a home replicating those
Moving Forward Open to selling after Katie approached them, the brother and sister who grew up in the house expected it to be torn down. But beyond the home’s idyllic waterfront setting, the Pattersons loved its not-too-big, not-too-small size and simple lay-out. “Structurally, the bones and lines of this home provided an authentic framework and blank canvas for the French farmhouse Steve and Karen envisioned,” said builder/ designer Jeffery Roberts, who resides and works in East GR and Chicago. With a goal of moving in by September 1, 2009 — in time for their son to start school — the Pattersons knew a complete interior renovation including all-new electrical, HVAC and other technical systems was needed. Already, they had selected local architect Jim Karczewski, engaged by his passion for historical East GR properties
Wilcox Gardens A place whose time has come, again
“R
EDESIGNING HOME” is being presented as a special prelude to Design Home 2012, the first custom residence to be built at Wilcox Gardens in East Grand Rapids. In sharing Steve and Karen Patterson’s renovation journey — which culminates in a photographic tour of their French farmhouse on Reeds Lake in the October issue — Grand Rapids Magazine introduces readers to the expert team that is also crafting distinctive, European country-style homes in Wilcox Gardens, as well as the ingenuity and attention to historic detail that will set Design Home 2012 apart.
and extensive experience remodeling period homes. Referred by Jim, Roberts — who had studied in Europe and specialized in period work — also earned the Pattersons’ confidence. “As a designer as well as builder, only Jeffery really understood what this house was telling us it could be,” Steve noted, adding he interviewed several contractors. “Because we were still living in
and Jeffery fit that bill, too.”
Europe, we also needed to rely on someone
Opportunity suited Roberts’ philosophy
who could handle for us all the details,
of recycling, reusing and reclaiming exist-
responsibilities and issues in budget as
ing space and architectural elements to a T.
they arose during the remodeling process,
“Although this home wasn’t built new from the ground up, it is a total home renovation,” he said. “It also illustrates perfectly how the past can be infused into
Located within immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Jeffery Roberts Homes, in conjunction with Visbeen Associates, Inc., has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
modern living environments.” Read more of the Pattersons’ journey to home in the May issue of Grand Rapids Magazine. *Homeowners’ names have been changed to protect their privacy
JEFFERY ROBERTS HOMES
INC
REDESIGNING HOME 2011
The exterior PART TWO
From the outside in, Steve and Karen Patterson* wanted their new home on Reeds Lake to feel like those French farmhouses they and their son often passed in the European countryside. The basic structure of the 1950s’ cinderblock house they had bought in East Grand Rapids lent itself to exterior updates that could make the transformation possible — and so did the home’s hilly, wooded lakeside surroundings. BY LISA M. JENSEN
“O
ur charge was to be as green,
and-batten shutters for every
authentic and timeless as pos-
window. These were sand-
sible,” said builder/designer
blasted for an aged look.
Jeffery Roberts, who oversaw the exten-
“Today most shutters are
sive renovation project. “We painstakingly
purely decorative and don’t
removed, restored and reinstalled all of
match the windows’ width,”
the home’s own copper eaves troughs
said Terry Pfeiffer, a sales
and downspouts — they had an incredible
consultant for Standale. “But
patina, and were a great original element
these were done to scale, and
we felt was important to keep.”
shutter dogs (hardware used
But Roberts replaced the old shingles
to hold them open) were even
with a new cultured slate/cement roofing
added for authenticity’s sake.”
product that added a 6.0 R-Value. Several
Chocolate-brown, French
other new features key to capturing the rich
casement-style windows from
character desired were achieved through
Jeld-Wen trimmed in a char-
Standale Lumber in Grand Rapids.
coal hue add another splash
Equipped with a full-service mill shop,
of Old World flair against the
Standale’s craftsmen worked from Roberts’
home’s exterior, which was
drawings to make French-inspired, board-
revived with creamy, puttycolored paint. “These windows are quite European and old-fashioned — you have to unlatch them, push them open and tighten
carriage-style doors from Clopay’s Coach-
a knob,” Pfeiffer noted. “Each was custom-
man Collection were installed by the Over-
built to spec to fit the home’s cinderblock
head Door Company and Calumet Building
openings.”
Group, Ltd. in Grand Rapids. “These doors
Outdoor Spaces Standale Lumber also provided durable, maintenance-free PVC (plastic) trim, decorative detailing and beadboard ceiling from AZEK for the Pattersons’ screened porch. A beadboard ceiling crowns the three-stall garage’s interior, as well, which Roberts outfitted with an entire new floor, drainage system, and woodwork-trimmed walls. Outside, insulated steel and composite
Wilcox Gardens A place whose time has come, again
“R
views over the updated bluestone patio’s lowered original stone wall lead through a pergola to a French garden with raised stone planting beds, potting shed and a fountain the couple reclaimed. Neatly layered in varying heights, manicured boxwood, lavender and yellow roses define the have an R-Value of 9.0, which helps keep
formal entertaining patio, which features a
this heated garage warm,” noted Over-
two-ton table cut from Blue River stone. Red
head’s Keith Keen.
buds, dogwoods, perennials, low shrubs
Decorative wrought iron accents and the appearance of swing-out design add to
and other native plantings also augment the home’s relaxed, pastoral character.
the doors’ nostalgic appeal, while nearby,
“Working with Jeffery, Steve and Karen
Roberts’ team crafted from reclaimed barn
was just an incredible team opportunity,”
wood a recycling/trash shed. “It looks like
Brian said. “Collaboration is what made this
an antique chicken coop,” Roberts said.
project so special, and successful.”
Throughout the property, Brent and
This series about the Patterson home
Brian Diemer from Everett’s Landscape in
renovation project continues through Sep-
Grand Rapids worked with Roberts and the
tember. Read about reclaimed treasures and
Pattersons to create their French country-
other interior design elements in the June
inspired terrain.
issue of Grand Rapids Magazine.
While a naturally-laid outcropping of Blue River ledgerock cascades from the home’s steep perch down to the shore,
*Homeowners’ names have been changed to protect their privacy.
EDESIGNING HOME” is being presented as a special prelude to Design Home 2012, the first custom residence to be built at Wilcox Gardens in East Grand Rapids. In sharing Steve and Karen Patterson’s renovation journey — which culminates in a photographic tour of their French farmhouse on Reeds Lake in the October issue — Grand Rapids Magazine introduces readers to the expert team that is also crafting distinctive, European country-style homes in Wilcox Gardens, as well as the ingenuity and attention to historic detail that will set Design Home 2012 apart. Located within immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Jeffery Roberts Homes, in conjunction with Visbeen Associates, Inc., has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
JEFFERY ROBERTS HOMES
INC
REDESIGNING HOME 2011
Interior elements PART THREE
Between fixtures and products both new and reclaimed, gathered European treasures and innovative techniques, Steve and Karen Patterson’s* extensive Reeds Lake renovation feels like the timeless French country farmhouse it was intended to be. BY LISA M. JENSEN
A
fter spending 12 years in Europe
custom-made, Woodland Harvest Shutters
along with their now school-age
by Lafayette Venetian Blinds.
son, Steve and Karen Patterson
“Shutters on windows are extremely
accumulated more than their share of cul-
French,” Roberts noted. “The Shade Shop
ture. During the duration of their residency,
was really great about pre-installing them
the couple had collected a prized diversity
in all the bathrooms and private areas of
of French and Belgian antique furniture, art
the home so we could be sure they fit, then
and décor — and a strong desire for their
taking them off so our painters could finish
“new” home back in Michigan to suit these
them to match the woodwork in these vary-
keepsakes’ Old World flair.
ing spaces.”
“We’d also been busy acquiring antique
Roberts worked, too, with Trish Keyzer
architectural elements like the French lime-
from Infusions By Etna on 36th Street in
stone fireplaces and much of the lighting,”
Grand Rapids to select fixtures and faucets
Steve shared. “But if it was a challenge to
that would further enhance the Patterson
create the impression of a French farmhouse
home’s rich, French vintage charm. Products
on the exterior, it was even more so to give
from both Jado and Jaclo lines were ulti-
a 1950s’ American interior that European
mately chosen.
feeling.” East
tile floor and designing heavy, Grand
Rapids-based
builder/
knotty alder wood French
designer and “reclaim” specialist Jeffery
doors which Zeeland Archi-
Roberts couldn’t have been more enticed by
tectural
such a mission if it had been gift-wrapped
hold French iron grills the Pattersons
— which is exactly why the Pattersons
brought back.
chose him to oversee the authentic refurbishing of their Reeds Lake dream home. “In our ‘wish file,’ we had some photos of an old Belgian house that combined old-
custom-built
to
“We finished these front doors off with
“Jeffery provided a clear idea of what
the home’s original hardware,” Roberts
the homeowners wanted to accomplish as
noted, “as one of many ways to honor the
far as style,” Keyzer said. “He was also able
home’s integrity.”
to reuse existing elements and blend them
wood, wide-plank flooring with slate floors,” Steve said.
with new products to create exactly the look
Sharing The Vision
they wanted.”
Roberts found reclaimed oak timbers,
While the Pattersons communicated
“We found a kitchen faucet from an Ital-
had them sawed into wide-plank floor-
product dimensions and installation ideas
ian maker in Belgium, and Jeffery fit it in,”
ing and added for interest in some por-
primarily from overseas, Roberts paired
Steve illustrated.
tions Montauk slate insets. Other of the
European artifacts he uncrated with new
While brand-new exterior light fixtures
builder/designer’s visionary interior addi-
products that lent always-been-there
chosen from Kichler, Minka, Troy and Hud-
tions included a tin ceiling in the mudroom,
appeal. From The Shade Shop on Leon-
son Valley purchased through Grand Rapids
repurposing several original sinks, a triple
ard Street in Grand Rapids, Barry McKey
Lighting punctuate the home’s Old World
application of dark wax to “age” a new hex-
assisted in the selection and installation of
character outdoors, specialists at Bridge
Wilcox Gardens A place whose time has come, again
“R
EDESIGNING HOME” is being presented as a special prelude to Design Home 2012, the first custom residence to be built at Wilcox Gardens in East Grand Rapids. In sharing Steve and Karen Patterson’s renovation journey — which culminates in a photographic tour of their French farmhouse on Reeds Lake in the October issue — Grand Rapids Magazine introduces readers to the expert team that is also crafting distinctive, European country-style homes in Wilcox Gardens, as well as the ingenuity and attention to historic detail that will set Design Home 2012 apart.
Street Electric in Grand Rapids meticulously
heirlooms to their original patinas, replace
refurbished and restored antique light fix-
missing parts with authentic pieces, and
tures the Pattersons and Roberts had collected. “All chandeliers, sconces and lamps imported from Europe needed to be
ultimately, use and enjoy. “My role as an interior designer was to interpret the information and pictures Steve and Karen gave me, and then
rewired (or in some cases,
push the vision beyond what
completely electrified),” Steve
they saw in their mind’s eye,”
shared. “We also needed to
Roberts said. “The vendors we
obtain new shades that would
worked with were all right in
complement some fixtures.”
sync. It’s this team effort that
Since 1929, Bridge Street Electric’s restorative arm has only grown stronger,
resulted in a home that’s so personal and unique, on so many different levels.”
noted owner Deb Dagley, as more customers like the Pattersons are wishing to return recycled lights and family
*Homeowners’ names have been changed to protect their privacy.
Located within immediate proximity to schools, shopping and recreation, Wilcox Gardens will offer the rare opportunity to build within the land-locked community of East Grand Rapids. This site-condominium development will be a combination of existing and new single-family homes. Jeffery Roberts Homes, in conjunction with Visbeen Associates, Inc., has developed several design concepts for these exceptional historic home sites. Don’t miss this opportunity to build in one of America’s most livable communities. To inquire about available lots in Wilcox Gardens please contact Katie Karczewski at (616) 575-0119.
JEFFERY ROBERTS HOMES
INC
REDESIGNING HOME 2011
PART FOUR
Finishing touches While restructuring the Pattersons’ 1950s’ cinderblock home along Reeds Lake into the French farmhouse they envisioned was grand in scope, finding and factoring in the final interior details — some no bigger than a cabinet pull — elevated the finished project to a new level altogether. BY LISA M. JENSEN
D
uring the 12 years Steve and Karen
thought could find a place in the project.
himself, Roberts repurposed these vanity
Patterson resided in Europe, they
These included lots of old porcelain knobs
shelves, tissue holders and hooks in the
became inveterate visitors of the
and bathroom pieces.”
couple’s master bathroom.
Puces — flea markets.
The couple enjoyed sharing their trea-
“We blended such reclaimed antiques in
“These have a wonderful array of quite
sures with East GR builder/designer Jeffery
the home with new hardware from a nos-
nice old ‘junk’ and antiques,” Steve said.
Roberts, whom they hired to oversee their
talgic series at Modern Hardware in Grand
“When we knew we were going to reno-
intensive Reeds Lake home renovation.
Rapids,” he noted. “In the kitchen, a variety
vate the house here in East Grand Rapids,
Distinctively gifted when it comes to
of latches, knobs, long rod bars and exposed
we started collecting bits and pieces we
placing as well as uncovering such finds
hinges create a look that feels ‘collected’
REDESIGNING HOME 2011 essential to achieving the “authentic” aged appeal of furnishings made-to-order by Roberts’ team, and the home’s desired overall ambience. LTD Group owners Larry and Tim Doezema painstakingly applied timeless European hues including “muddy” taupes, greens, grays, creams and some blues in layers, then strategically hand-rubbed and distressed these. “Some rubs may go through to the third color, some down to the bare wood, so you see a natural progression of where human use over years would be. Larry has an eye for this,” Tim noted. “That’s one of over years, though all pieces were chosen
the reasons we love working for Jeffery —
in the same Old World finish.”
he attracts very unique clients, and allows
Prevalent throughout Europe, the natural beauty of quarried stone inspired Karen
you to use skills you’ve been working on for years.”
and Steve’s choice for their kitchen island
The Doezema brothers also custom-
and bar surfaces. Although the Belgian
finished knotty alder doors and moldings
Bluestone they loved overseas couldn’t be
that Roberts selected from Philip Elenbaas
replicated back in the U.S., they discovered
Millwork, Inc. in Grand Rapids. “Elenbaas
the honed, “worn” charms of soapstone at
has a great library of molding profiles,” Rob-
Top of the World Granite in Grand Rapids.
erts said. “While they may not be custom,
The company persistently searched until
combining them in various ways creates a
the perfect cuts were found in Illinois, then
look that is.”
custom-cut honed marble for the handcrafted master bath vanity. “It looks,” Roberts said of the results, “like a vintage piece of furniture.”
French Connections
Although much collaboration and skill throughout the Pattersons’ completed home infuses every space in some way with eyecatching character channeled from another era, modern-day amenities including stateof-the-art appliances from Gerrit’s in Wyo-
Combining the right paint hues, stains,
ming co-exist seamlessly. “To create an Old
waxes, oils and specialty finishes was
World kitchen,” Roberts illustrated, “we’ve concealed them behind wood.” What visitors notice instead are elements like the hand-painted backsplash. Found and selected by Roberts to echo tiles the couple saw in Brussels, each was installed in turn according to the designer’s
Redesigning Home is being presented as a special prelude to Design Home 2012, a Jeffery Roberts/Wayne Visbeen collaboration. Supportive artisans, craftsman, vendors and suppliers that make Redesigning Home possible are: Jeffery Roberts www.jefferyroberts.com, (616) 454-9490 Katie Karczewski www.katie-k.com, (616) 575-0119 Standale Lumber www.standalelumber.com, (616) 453-8207 Gerrit’s Appliance www.gerritsappliances.com (616) 532-3626 EPS Security www.epssecurity.com, (616) 459-0281 Infusion by Etna infusionshowrooms.com, (616) 245-0808 The Shade Shop www.theshadeshop.hdwfg.com (616) 459-4693 Top of the World Granite www.topoftheworldgranite.com (616) 791-7444 Everett’s Landscape www.everettslandscape.com (616) 698-8064 Overhead Door Company of Grand Rapids www.overheaddoorgr.com, (616) 261-0300 Grand Rapids Lighting Center www.grandrapidslighting.com (616) 949-4931 Elenbaas Millwork www.elenbaasmillwork.com (616) 791-1616 LTD Group (Painting & Specialty Finishes) (616) 299-6563 Bridge Street Electric www.bridgestreetlighting.com (616) 458-4209 Modern Hardware www.modernhardware.com (616) 241-2655 Please look for continuing stories on Redesigning Home in Grand Rapids Magazine. The home will be open for a showcase tour in mid-September with ticket proceeds to benefit the Grand Rapids Chapter of the American Red Cross. More details are soon to come.
plan. “We couldn’t be happier with the finished result,” Steve said. JEFFERY ROBERTS HOMES *Homeowners’ names have been changed to protect their privacy.
INC