(In)Visible Scars: Warfare and the Human Condition

Page 26

Peacekeeping: the Impossible Utopian Mission

Canadians have often portrayed Canada as a “peaceable kingdom.”1 Since the Second World War, Cana been involved as a global peacekeeper on the global stage. Canada’s decision to renounce its nuclear ar and its role as nuclear power2 is an indication of Canada’s belief that it should act as an advocate of regio global peace and security. Since the Suez Crisis, Canada has participated in United Nations’ regional and peacekeeping. Prime Minister Pearson declared the Canadian government’s stand on stabilizing the regi peace and security between the British-led French-Israeli coalition and Egypt by calling for the creation o United Nations Emergency Force [UNEF].3 The Canadian involvement in the Suez Crisis triggered the bir UNEF and UN Peacekeeping Missions.4 Since then, Canadian troops have been deployed to politically o unstable nations to secure peace and security, protect civilians from conflicts and wars, and promote Can values and its global image as a peacekeeper. Canada has been effectively involved in many challenging cold war peacekeeping missions in areas like Rwanda, Yugoslavia, and Somalia, but Canadian peacekeep exposed to potential risk of PTSD, and charters of peacekeeping missions add even more stress on peac shoulder.

Since 1956, Canadian peacekeepers have been deployed to regions in need of stabilization, regional pe security. They have experienced praise, frustration, and many horrific events, especially during peacekee missions in Rwanda, Yugoslavia, and Somalia. They have dedicated their passion and time; some have lo lives serving to preserve the common goal of regional stabilization. While peacekeepers return to Canad end of “heroic” missions, many have struggled with traumas that have created difficulties for them to ret their regular life. Canadian peacekeepers experienced high pressure and a sense of helplessness through peacekeeping missions in Rwanda, Yugoslavia, and Somalia. Post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD] alongs other traumas have become significant threats to those peacekeepers who participate in peacekeeping m The number of Canadian peacekeepers who suffer from war traumas is considerable, and it seems like th their dedication to peace and security is associated traumas.

UN Peacekeeping Operations are based on three fundamental principles: “consent of the parties,” “imp and “non-use of force except in self-defence and defence of the mandate.”5 The uniqueness of UN Peac Missions fortifies the UN’s belief in sustaining peace and security in the global community. According to and Kelloway’s study, there are two main stressors that trigger PTSD among Canadian peacekeepers: com context.6 Because of the three fundamental principles of UN Peacekeeping Operations, the rules of enga are impartial and strict. Marrack Goulding, a former British diplomat, explains the third principle as to ap “force only to the minimum extent necessary and that normally fire should be opened only in self-defenc The uniqueness of UN Peacekeeping Operations exposes Canadian peacekeepers to war traumas due to special restraint in UN operations and the phycological isolation from the normality of life.

Based on research on the hypothetical cause and effect relationship between peacekeeping deployment been deployed for peacekeeping operations have a higher rate of probable PTSD and clinical depressio mission experience PTSD and 30.25% experience clinical depression. The figures for those never deploy peacekeepers deployed more than once have almost 4% greater chance to experience PTSD and 2% in Canadian peacekeepers who experience PTSD have an almost half health-related quality of life [HRQOL] relationship, and the transition back to their normal life. HRQOL of many former peacekeepers is signific

Direct exposure to attack is one of the major problems that triggers PTSD among peacekeepers. Canadi under consent of parties, be impartial, and only use forces when it is to the extent of self-defense. As a r permitted to interfere. Peacekeepers had been open targets for rivals in unstable areas. Based on statist and 69% reported they were subject to artillery, rocket, or mortar attacks.11 In many circumstances, Cana the special aspect of their particular operations. 22


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