Health&Wellness November 2018

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Vol. 16 • Issue 2 • November 2018

MEN'S HEALTH

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Nutrition Tips Every Man Needs

Top Health Threats

Reduce your Chances of Becoming a Statistic

ALSO INSIDE Men and Body Image

Identifying Health Concerns in Men

Male Infertility: Discuss with Doc

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4 Nutrition Tips Every Man Needs

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Men’s Main Health Issues

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Testosterone and Men’s Health

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Top Threats to Men’s Health

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Do You Suffer From Negative Body Image?

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What Men Need to Know About Dupuytren’s Contracture

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Kentucky Needs a Breath of Hope

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Should You Circumcise Your Son?

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IMAGING The Importance of Identifying Health Concerns in Men

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INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE Mindfulness and Communication

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GENERAL DENTISTRY Impacts of Periodontal Disease Can Reach Far Beyond Your Mouth

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FEATURES

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NOVEMBER 2018: MEN’S HEALTH

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All rights reserved. Any reproduction of the material in this magazine in whole or in part without written prior consent is prohibited. Articles and other material in this magazine are not necessarily the views of Health&Wellness Magazine. Health&Wellness Magazine reserves the right to publish and edit, or not publish any material that is sent. Health&Wellness Magazine will not knowingly publish any advertisement which is illegal or misleading to its readers. The information in Health&Wellness should not be considered as a substitute for medical examination, diagnosis or treatment.

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FAMILY DOC Male Infertility: Causes and Treatment Options

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FAMILY VISION Glaucoma: Don’t Let ‘Sneak Thief’ Steal Your Eyesight

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Tanya J. Tyler, Editor | Share your story: editor@healthandwellnessmagazine.net

Dear Friends, I wish the men in my life would take better care of themselves.

I wish my brothers would be more proactive and tenacious about managing their diabetes. I wish my son would cut back on the fast food and exercise more. I wish my father had gone to the doctor earlier so perhaps he would not have died of lung cancer at the young age of 68 years. I wish my male friends would get themselves to the doctor when they’re not feeling well instead of “toughing it out.” I wish more men would talk about their feelings instead of bottling them in until the inevitable explosion occurs. If you share these same wishes for men you know and love, why not share with them this issue of Health & Wellness that focuses on men’s health?

Perhaps it will serve as a catalyst for an honest discussion of their health habits (or lack thereof). Perhaps it will spur them to take better care of themselves. And it will let them know you want them to be around for you to love and cherish for a long, long time – that whole, “Grow old along with me – the best is yet to be” thing.

Here’s to your good health,

Tanya

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November 2018

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Avoid the Midnight Snack Attack If you’ve ever stayed up late to finish a Netflix binge session or catch the last quarter of Monday Night Football, you are not alone. Perhaps while doing so, you also crushed an entire bag of chips.

Again, you are not alone. Unfortunately, midnight snacking may be a reason for expanding waistlines and lack of good-quality sleep. A study published by Sheer, Morris and Shea (2013) found most people crave salty, sugary, carb-dense foods late at night. In general, these foods also tend to be highly processed, which is not doing your body any favors. So if you must finish watching that last quarter, try to minimize mindless snacking. If you are truly hungry, grab some carrot sticks or almonds to reduce your intake of highly processed foods.

Apply these nutrition tips to improve your daily diet – starting each day with breakfast, including fiber-rich foods in your diet, choosing healthier dietary fats and watching the clock (and stopping) when it comes to late-night snacking – to manage your weight and reduce health risks.

References

4 Nutrition Tips Every Man Needs

By Dave Schnell, Ph.D, Adam O. Ghoweri, Kai Zhang and Nicole Robinson We are all busy. Work, family, hobbies and daily distractions constantly vie for our attention. The everyday “need-tos” often get in the way of the “should-dos.” One of the first “should-dos” that often gets pushed to the wayside is eating well.

Luckily, these four simple tips and eating habits can fit into the schedule of every man, and they can help you stay healthy, power through the day and live a better life.

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Start Strong: Breakfast is for Champions How do you start your day? Too many men begin their days by skipping breakfast. Research suggests regularly eating breakfast is associated with improved health and quality of life.

Breakfast eaters have a dramatically decreased risk of developing obesity, diabetes and hypertension (Odegaard et al., 2013). Eating breakfast is also associated with scoring higher on memory tests (Galioto and Spitznagel, 2016). So try waking up with a lower-carb morning meal such as scrambled eggs with spinach and a piece of toast.

A low-glycemic-index breakfast keeps you feeling fuller longer, and eggs are a great source of pro-

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tein, choline and essential fatty acids. Your body will thank you as the day goes on.

Find Fiber for Cardiovascular and Immune Health The American Journal of Medicine recommends men eat 38 grams of fiber daily (most only get about 15 grams per day). Research has demonstrated associations between higher dietary fiber and a lower risk of cardiometabolic problems (Grooms, Ommerborn, Pham, Djousse and Clark, 2013). In addition to its beneficial effects on the heart and digestive function, a fiber-rich diet may slow the progression of prostate cancer (Raina et al., 2013).

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Eat Healthy Fats for a Healthier Life When you see a food labeled low fat or nonfat, do you automatically think it’s flavorless, boring or difficult to eat? Foods branded as low fat are not the only option for losing weight or getting fit. And flavor does not need to be sacrificed to make a healthy choice. In fact, according to the Harvard School of Public Health, dieters who eat fewer calories (regardless of dietary fat content) lose just as much weight as – if not more than – people who maintain a low-fat diet. Healthy dietary fats (yes, they exist) such as unsaturated, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats are found in many foods that are both delicious and beneficial to your health.

Avocados, nuts (including walnuts, almonds and pistachios), fatty fish such as tuna and salmon, dark chocolate, whole eggs, full-fat yogurt and lean grass-fed beef are rich sources of healthy fats that can both lower bad cholesterol and reduce your risk for diabetes. They are rich in many other nutrients, too.

• Beyond Willpower: Diet Quality and Quantity Matter (2016, April 08). Retrieved Sept. 20, 2018, from https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/obesity-prevention-source/obesity-causes/diet-and-weight/.

• Galioto, R. and Spitznagel, M.B. (2016). The Effects of Breakfast and Breakfast Composition on Cognition in Adults. Advances in Nutrition, 7(3). doi:10.3945/an.115.010231 • Grooms, K.N., Ommerborn, M.J., Pham, D.Q., Djousse, L. and Clark, C.R. (2013). Dietary Fiber Intake and Cardiometabolic Risks among U.S. Adults, NHANES 1999-2010. The American Journal of Medicine, 126(12), 10.1016/j. amjmed.2013.07.023. http://doi.org/10.1016/j. amjmed.2013.07.023 • Odegaard, A.O., Jacobs, D.R., Steffen, L.M., Horn, L.V., Ludwig, D.S. and Pereira, M.A. (2013).

Breakfast Frequency and Development of Metabolic Risk. Diabetes Care, 36(10), 3100-3106. doi:10.2337/dc13-0316 • Raina, K., Ravichandran, K., Rajamanickam, S., Huber, K.M., Serkova, N.J. and Agarwal, R. (2013).

Inositol Hexaphosphate Inhibits Tumor Growth, Vascularity, and Metabolism in TRAMP Mice: A Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Study.

Cancer Prevention Research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 6(1), 40–50. http://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.

CAPR-12-0387 • Scheer, F.A.J.L., Morris, C.J. and Shea, S.A. (2013).

The Internal Circadian Clock Increases Hunger and Appetite in the Evening Independent of Food Intake and Other Behaviors. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 21(3), 421–423. http://doi. org/10.1002/oby.20351

About the Authors This article was team written by graduate students in the Nutritional Sciences and Pharmacology Students Association within the Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences at the University of Kentucky with faculty advisor Dr. Sara Police.

Imaging.

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THE IMPOR TANCE OF

IDENTIFYING HEALTH CONCERNS IN MEN

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ho are the men in your life? You know, the husband, father, son, brother, uncle or nephew that you love dearly.

Or are you the guy who reads articles on men’s health?

Congratulations if you are that guy, but chances are this article will be mainly read by women.

Men are less likely than women to visit a doctor and are less likely to be honest about their symptoms. According to a recent Rutgers University study, “masculine” guys have the most difficulty being specific about their health concerns with male doctors. Yet men are often teased for being overly dramatic when they do get a cold, as if it were the Apocalypse!

At birth, males outnumber females. For every 100 baby girls, 105 baby boys are born. Yet by age 35, women outnumber men. How can that be?

In every age group, men are at greater risk for death than women. And although prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men, excluding skin cancer, it’s not the only health issue men face.

A 2016 study from Harvard Medical School said heart attacks strike men at younger ages than women: first heart attack at age 65 years for men and age 72 years for women.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) claims more than 70 million Americans have high cholesterol, which is a known cause for stroke and heart disease, and middle-age men are at a higher risk for high cholesterol when it comes to having a first heart attack. “These men should be treated more aggressively than what often is the case today, so that more infarctions (heart attacks) can be prevented and lives saved,” said Erik Madssen with the Norwegian University of Science.

Another health concern for men is hepatitis C virus (HCV), an asymptomatic disease that primarily affects the liver. When chronic, HCV may lead to cirrhosis of the liver. Men are less able to fight off the virus than women once they have been infected, according to the CDC. About 8.5 million American men and women develop peripheral artery disease (PAD). PAD involves blockages and narrowing of the blood vessels that circulate blood to the lower extremities, which causes difficulty in walking and pain. Left unchecked, it can cause death. Aging, smoking, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes and coronary heart disease are all risk factors for developing PAD. Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are correlated with PAD in some yet unknown way, according to the National Institutes of Health. An AAA is an enlarged area in the lower part of the aorta, the major blood vessel that supplies blood to the body. This condition can cause lifethreatening bleeding if it ruptures. AAA is the 10th leading cause of death for Caucasian males aged 65 to 74 years.

Some health issues that are more prevalent among women impact men.

Although women get 10 times more thyroid disease than men, men aren’t entirely immune to hormonally triggered hypothyroidism. Low testosterone often accompanies thyroid disease. And men also get breast cancer – more commonly gynecomastia, an increase in a man’s breast tissue due to an imbalance of estrogen and testosterone.

Sleep disorders, including sleep apnea, afflict an estimated 22 million Americans, most frequently men over age 40 years, especially those who are overweight or obese. The health concerns with untreated sleep disorders are many, including stroke, chronic heart failure, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes and depression, and they are factors in many traffic and workrelated accidents.

Inflammation has proven to be a common factor in many diseases and often is an early indicator of a serious health concern. Patient Choice Ultrasound and Thermography offers diagnostic tools for each of the dis-

BOTH MEN AND WOMEN GAIN A REMARKABLE AMOUNT OF BENEFITS FROM ULTRASOUNDS.

eases mentioned in this article and more. Both are cost effective, painless and do not use radiation. We also offer home sleep kits that are scored and interpreted by a board-certified sleep disorder physician.

Most people assume ultrasounds are specifically designed for viewing fetuses and other female medical issues. In truth, both men and women gain a remarkable amount of benefits from ultrasound procedures. Ultrasound identifies normal and abnormal structures and provides accurate measurements of various organs. In the abdomen, major organs such as the gallbladder, kidneys, pancreas, liver, aorta and other vascular structures are imaged.

Cardiovascular evaluations using ultrasound technology is commonplace.

Small body parts, such as the thyroid, breasts and scrotum and testicles, are easily accessible by ultrasound imaging. Thermography identifies budding diseases, which can be resolved with proactive treatments of lifestyle changes. In the heart, thermography detects inflammation caused by damaged artery walls (pericarditis), as well as elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), a blood test marker for inflammation in the body. Thermography can also detect blockages and blood clots throughout the entire body. Both are common with coronary artery disease and PAD. Inflammation anywhere in the body – whether it’s the heart, vascular system, thyroid, liver, kidneys and even the intestinal tract – can be detected specifically by thermography.

Many of our male clients choose our Full Body Thermography Scan as their annual health screening. It is a great “predictive indicator” for possible disease in the body. Thermography and ultrasound offer a great proactive approach to healthcare, as well as a sensible, affordable and accurate followup to disease.

About the Authors

With 40 years in the field of ultrasound, Kim Davis, RDMS, RDCS, RVS, is the founder and CEO of Patient Choice Ultrasound & Thermography. Becky Chandler, ACCT, Advanced Clinical Thermographer, is a partner at PCU with 10 years of experience.

PCU is located at 152 W. Tiverton Way in Lexington and can be reached at (859) 554-7360 or visit its Web site at www.patientchoiceultrasound.com.

ABOUT PATIENT CHOICE ULTRASOUND & THERMOGRAPHY

PATIENT CHOICE

152 W. Tiverton Way, Lexington, KY • 859-554-7360 • www.patientchoiceultrasound.com Offering inclusive, transparent pricing for diagnostic imaging including Ultrasounds and Thermography. We strive to make healthcare less of a hassle and more about empowering patient choice.

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Men’s Main Health Issues

By Angela S. Hoover, Staff Writer Here are some main health concerns for men, as well as some that are easily overlooked: Prostate Cancer This is the most common cancer among American men, except for non-melanoma skin cancer, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This type of cancer, which affects the prostate gland located below the bladder, usually grows slowly. Symptoms of prostate cancer include frequent urination, a weak urine stream or blood in the urine or semen.

More than 6 million American men experience at least one major depressive episode each year.

Heart Disease and Diabetes Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women, but it is the No. 1 cause of death for American men, says the CDC. Compared to 12.6 million women, 13 million men have diabetes in this country.

Testicular Cancer This cancer can develop in one or both testicles.

Men should regularly self-examine their testicles

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November 2018 by holding a testicle between the thumbs and fingers of both hands and checking for abnormal bumps or changes in size or shape. Testicular cancer has been increasing over the past four decades and is the most common malignancy in young men.

Colorectal Cancer Colorectal cancer usually begins in either the colon or the rectum with the formation of a polyp, a growth that starts in the inner lining of the colon and/or rectum and expands toward the center.

Most polyps are not cancerous. Removing them when they are small can help prevent the development of colorectal cancer. Men are more likely to develop this cancer if they have a family history of the disease, Crohn’s disease or type 2 diabetes.

Alcohol Approximately 63 percent of adult men reported drinking alcohol in the past 30 days. Men were two times more likely than women to engage in binge drinking during the same time period, says the CDC. The CDC also reports men have much higher rates of death and hospitalization due to alcohol compared to women. Excessive drinking poses several risks for men, including stroke, cirrhosis of the liver and cancers of the mouth, esophagus, throat and liver.

Depression More than 6 million American men experience at least one major depressive episode each year,

says the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). Depression includes disturbances in mood, focus, energy and sleep and thoughts of suicide. American men are four times more likely to commit suicide than women, says the CDC. Men and women can experience depression in different ways. “We have known about sex differences for years when it comes to depression, and they are absolutely essential to understanding the illness,” said Jill Goldstein, director of research at the Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.

Men generally are less in tune with their emotions and may not recognize their symptoms as depression. They often deny or hide their unhappiness until it becomes more severe and tend to abuse alcohol or other substances prior to the onset of depression (women tend to abuse substances after the onset of depression).

Men mask their sadness with other outlets – TV, sports, working excessively, engaging in risky behaviors, gambling, unsafe sex or reckless driving. They express their sadness as anger and irritability, says Goldstein. Additionally, men and women can respond differently to antidepressants.

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than 50 percent of males between age 40 and 70 has some form of erectile dysfunction,” said Dr. Roy Buchinsky, master clinician at University Hospitals in Ohio and clinical assistant professor of medicine at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. Many of the risk factors for heart disease – high blood pressure, high cholesterol and smoking – are also risk factors for ED. Keeping your blood pressure and cholesterol levels in check, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and avoiding smoking and excess alcohol can help counteract ED. Smokers have a disproportionately increased risk for ED, and men who drink more than two servings of alcohol at a time may have increased sexual desire but decreased performance. Additionally, depression can play a role in ED. Varicocele An enlargement of the veins in the scrotum, varicocele is the most common cause of male infertility. Varicoceles are found in up to 40 percent of patients with male infertility. These occur primarily on the left side and are diagnosed by physical exam or ultrasound. They can usually be repaired.

Erectile Dysfunction (ED) One of the most common sexual problems for men, ED can be organic (vascular, neurogenic, hormonal, anatomic, drug-induced), psychological or a combination of both. “Greater

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Orthopaedics

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November 2018 | Read this issue and more at www.healthandwellnessmagazine.net |   HandWmagazine

R OBOTIC-ASSISTED

TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT

echnology is rapidly changing in all aspects of our lives. This evolution can easily be seen in the automotive and manufacturing industries, where robotic technology has revolutionized the ability to precisely perform repetitive tasks, thus achieving consistent results and minimizing errors. Likewise, installing countertops in a kitchen is now done with sophisticated laser measuring devices, ensuring a precise fit down to tenths of a millimeter. Healthcare is also undergoing a similar transition to embrace the most cutting-edge technology to improve patient care and surgical outcomes.

Robotic technology was initially introduced into orthopedics in the late 1980s but had limited adoption due its cumbersome nature, increased operative times and technical limitations of the systems. In 2000, the FDA approved the da Vinci™ robot, an intuitive surgical robot used for laparoscopic surgeries. Since then, it has revolutionized the way surgeons in other fields of medicine (general, urologic, gynecologic) perform surgeries. For example, in just over 10 FOR years, prosPATIENTS, tatectomies performed in THESE this country ADVANCES rose from 1 percent done LEAD TO robotically MANY to 89 percent done robotiIMPROVEcally. The MENTS. success in other fields has helped the technology in orthopedics improve in efficiency, adaptability and cost reduction. The Mako™ robot was built to help orthopedic surgeons increase their precision and accuracy during surgery.

Utilizing robotic-assisted total joint replacement, surgeons are now able to plan and execute partial knee, total knee and total hip replacements that match the patient’s unique anatomy. This technology uses advanced haptic sensors to determine where the patient’s extremity is in space, allowing for intra-operative adjustments to achieve appropriate tensioning of the ligaments around the knee. This results in the total joint replacement being accomplished in a reproducible manner with precise alignment and less soft-tissue damage.

For patients, these advances lead to many improvements. Recent publications have demonstrated there is less soft-tissue damage with robotic-assisted total joint replacement compared to convention total joint replacement. The decrease in soft-tissue damage results in decreased post-operative patient pain scores and less narcotic use.

This then leads to shorter stays in

hospital, faster recovery and a faster return to activities. The technology also allows for exact balancing of ligaments surrounding the joint, down to millimeter increments.

Compare that to conventional instrumentation, where surgeons are “eyeballing” the balance, and it becomes clear why the robotic patient’s joint feels more like a normal joint, resulting in a more satisfied outcome. Recent studies have shown 96 percent of patients are very satisfied with their robotic-assisted total knee replacement,

compared to 75 percent who say they are satisfied with conventional instrumentation one year following surgery.

As our population continues to age, total joint replacement volume is predicted to have tremendous growth. This cutting-edge technology will provide surgeons the tools to perform accurate and reproducible joint replacement surgeries, improving patient outcomes and likely decreasing complications and the need for revision surgery.

About the Author

An expert in minimally invasive hip and knee replacement surgery, Dr. Denehy earned his medical degree from Drexel University College of Medicine in 2012. He went on to complete his postgraduate residency training in orthopedic surgery at Hahnemann University Hospital in Philadelphia, PA. He concluded his training with a hip and knee adult reconstruction fellowship at the University of Louisville. He is board eligible by the American Board of Orthopedic Surgery. He is a member of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons, and International Congress on Joint Reconstruction.

ABOUT BLUEGRASS ORTHOPAEDICS Locations in Georgetown and Lexington • 859.263.5140 • www.bluegrassortho.com We want each patient to feel like they are the center focus. To do so, we combine our commitment of being the most affordable, high quality orthopaedic practice in the commonwealth. Ensuring our time-honored belief that at the core are our values, integrity, respect and compassion. For questions or to make an appointment, please call 859-263-5140.

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November 2018 theory posits testosterone may help keep arteries flexible, allowing them to dilate and constrict with changes in blood flow.

TESTOSTERONE AND MEN’S HEALTH IMPORTANT HORMONE REGULATES LIBIDO

By Harleena Singh, Staff Writer Testosterone is a male sex hormone mainly produced in the testicles. It is responsible for making men who they are physically. It gives men the hair on their chest and their deep voices. It regulates the sex drive (libido), bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength and is important for the production of sperm.

Starting in his late 30s or early 40s, a man’s testosterone level begins to wane. Research has shown it drops by 1 percent to 2 percent a year after age 40. At that gradual rate, most men don’t notice the decline until they hit their 50s, when symptoms such as reduced energy, loss of libido and weaker erections begin to appear. It may also cause erectile dysfunction (ED) or affect fertility.

Low testosterone, also called male hypogonadism, may contribute to a decrease in motivation or self-confidence. You may feel sad or depressed or have trouble concentrating or remembering things. Low testosterone levels may change your body appearance, increasing body fat and reducing overall muscle mass. Sleep disruptions and emotional changes can lead to fatigue, insomnia and depression.

Testosterone therapy can help reverse the effects of hypogonadism, although it’s unclear testosterone therapy would have

any benefit for otherwise healthy older men. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) says testosterone supplements are not suitable for treating late-onset hypogonadism and should only be prescribed for an identifiable cause.

Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) can help restore some affected functions. Once you’ve been treated with testosterone, you may notice the following benefits: • Improved body composition.

Reduced belly fat and more muscle are common outcomes of sterone therapy. In a UCLA study conducted at seven U.S. medical centers and published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, men who were given T-gel therapy added 4.3 pounds of muscle in six months and 6.5 pounds over 18 months.

• Bone strength. When men are treated with testosterone, their bone mineral density increases, especially in the hips and spine.

• Better sexual function. In a review of 17 studies in the journal Clinical Endocrinology, researchers found an average of three months of testosterone supplementation boosted libido, increased the frequency of sex and triggered more nocturnal spontaneous erections.

• Healthier cardiovascular system. Studies have found low testosterone levels in men with heart disease or with its risk factors, suggesting testosterone may play an important role in cardiovascular function. One

Testosterone therapy has some risks. It may: • contribute to sleep apnea – a potentially serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts; • cause acne or other skin reactions; • stimulate noncancerous growth of the prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia) and growth of existing prostate cancer; • enlarge breasts; • cause testicle shrinkage; • increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis, creating a blood clot that could break loose, travel through the bloodstream and lodge in the lungs, blocking blood flow and causing a pulmonary embolism; and • reduce sperm production.

The testes need to generate their own testosterone to make sperm. Supplemental testosterone can suppress this natural production, a concern

for younger men who want to become fathers.

Ask your doctor about the risks and benefits of testosterone therapy. He or she will measure your testosterone levels at least twice before discussing whether testosterone therapy is an option for you.

References:

• Health Line (www.healthline.com) • Hormone Health Network (www.hormone.org) • Mayo Clinic (www.mayoclinic.org) • Medical News Today (www.medicalnewstoday.com) • Men’s Health (www.menshealth.com) • National Institutes of Health (www.nih.gov) • Virginia Spine Institute (www.spinemd.com)

About the Author: Harleena Singh is a freelance writer and blogger who has a keen interest in health and wellness. She can be approached through her blog (www. aha-now.com) and Web site, www. harleenasingh.com. Connect with her on Twitter, Facebook and Google+.

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Lab-Grown Meat Gaining Traction

Who Owns Marine Genes?

More and more meat is being grown in labs from cultured cells. Several start-ups, such as Mosa Meat, Memphis Meats, SuperMeat and Finless Foods, are developing lab-grown beef, pork, poultry and seafood. This burgeoning niche industry is attracting millions in funding; Memphis Meats gobbled up $17 million from donors such as Bill Gates and ag giant Cargill in 2017. To “grow” meat, a muscle sample is taken from an animal.

Technicians collect stem cells from the tissue, multiply them and allow them to differentiate into primitive fibers that form muscle tissue. One sample from a cow can yield enough muscle tissue to make 80,000 quarter pounders, says Mosa Meat. Also called “clean meat,” lab-grown meat could be available for sale within a few years, contingent on overcoming a few challenges. Cost and taste are the first two hurdles the industry faces. In 2013, the patty for a burger made from lab-grown meat cost more than $300,000 to produce and was overly dry because it had too little fat. Expenses have since decreased; it currently costs about $600 to produce a quarter pound of meat at Memphis Meats. The costs should continue to decrease over the next several years. Focusing on texture and supplementing with other ingredients could help improve the taste. The next step will be to prove these meats are safe to eat in order to receive market approval. The U.S. Federal Drug Administration is currently considering how to regulate labgrown meat. Natural meat producers are pushing back, arguing lab-grown products are not meat at all and should not be labeled as such. Surveys show the public has only tepid interest in eating meat from labs.

Certain snippets of DNA can be patented so private entities have exclusive rights to their use for research and development.

Delegates met at the United Nations in September to begin negotiating a new treaty to conserve biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction. Some issues on the agenda included marine genetic resources; which marine species are providing genes that are of commercial interest; how many sequences are appearing in patents; and which entities are applying for these patents.

The research paper “Corporate control and global governance of marine genetic resources” was published in the journal Science Advances in June. It analyzed 38 million records of patent sequences. Of the patented marine life genetic sequences, 73 percent of the patents studied in the paper are for microbial species, which only account for about 20 percent of marine life. The paper cites 862 separate species of marine life that have genetic patents. Lead author Robert Blasiak, a conservation researcher at the University of Stockholm, says he was “shocked” to learn how many genetic sequences in the ocean were patented, including iconic species such as plankton, manta rays and sperm whales.

German chemical giant Baden Aniline and Soda Factory (BASF), the largest chemical production company on Earth, according to Chemical & Engineering News, owns 47 percent of the 13,000 patented marine gene sequences. “Some of these microorganisms come from the deep sea, particularly unique areas of the ocean,” said Blasiak’s coauthor Colette Wabnitz, an ecosystem scientist at the University of British Columbia. By laying claim to stretches of these adaptive organisms’ DNA, BASF is paving the way for future innovation in the pharmaceutical and agricultural sectors, Wabnitz says. BASF has been experimenting with the genes of tiny aquatic lifeforms to produce designer health foods. “They’ve been splicing genes from different microorganisms into grapeseed and canola, then taking the seeds and seeing if they can produce oils that contain omega-3 fatty acids,” said Blasiak. Marine life patent holders are from just 10 countries, led by Germany, the United States and Japan. These countries control 98 percent of patented sequences, while 165 countries have no marine life patents whatsoever. Given that these sequences hold potential worldwide benefits, Blasiak and Wabnitz are perturbed by the disparity in their distribution. The UN’s deadline for a new treaty is 2020.

The next step will be to prove these meats are safe to eat in order to receive market approval.

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Heart Disease and Stroke are the leading causes of death in men.

TOP THREATS TO MEN’S HEALTH REDUCE YOUR CHANCES OF BECOMING ANOTHER STATISTIC

By Jean Jeffers, Staff Writer Most men need to pay more attention to their health. Men are more likely than women to smoke, drink too much alcohol, have risky behavior and put off regular checkups and medical care. The good news for men is they can improve their health and avoid becoming a statistic in mortality studies.

The top threat to man’s health is cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) in particular. Heart disease and stroke are the No. 1 and No. 2 leading causes of death worldwide in men.

In the United States, the rate is one of the highest in the world.

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of death for men because by the time the cancer is found and diagnosed, it is advanced and difficult to cure.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, other than skin cancer. Many prostate cancers are slow growing. See your doctor for information about prostate cancer screening.

Men are at high risk for depression and suicide. More women attempt suicide but more men are successful at taking their own lives.

Although experts once believed depression affected far more women than men, men have a tendency to hide depressed feelings.

Anger and aggression may mask depression. Most men do respond to treatment.

Erectile dysfunction (ED), though not life threatening, remains a concern for men. Two thirds of

men older than age 70 years and up to 39 percent of 40-year-old men have problems with ED. It is often caused by atherosclerosis.

There are several ways men can improve their health: • Do not smoke. Smoking is a high-risk behavior that is detrimental to your health. If you smoke, ask your doctor for recommendations for stopping.

• Eat a healthy diet. One of the most important factors in good health is a good diet, so an abundance of fresh fruits and vegetables, good protein and beneficial fats are all recommended.

• Maintain a healthy weight.

Being overweight contributes to certain chronic health conditions, including heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, some cancers and osteoarthritis.

• Move more. Start an exercise program after consulting first with your primary care physician. Choose activities you enjoy and perform them most days of the week.

• Cut down on alcohol or don’t drink at all. If you choose to drink, do so in moderation – no more than two drinks per day.

• Manage stress. If you are continually tense or on edge, take steps to reduce stress or deal with the stress in healthy ways.

Meditation, exercise and counseling all help reduce stress.

• Get your cholesterol checked beginning at age 25 to lessen the possibility of developing

heart disease.

• Control your blood pressure.

• To avoid or lessen damage from vehicular accidents, always wear your seat belt, don’t speed and don’t drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs that affect reaction times. Also, don’t drive when you feel drowsy.

About the Author:

Jean is an RN with an MSN in Nursing.

She is a staff writer for Living Well 60+ and Health & Wellness magazines.

She has written for Christian Living in the Mature Years, Diabetes Health and Infinity magazines. She is looking forward to publishing her first novel on Amazon in winter 2018/2019.

Sources: • Family Doctor (www.familydoctor.org) • National Center for Health Statistics(www.cdc.gov/nchs) • Web MD (www.webmd.com)

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Integrative Medicine.

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November 2018 | Read this issue and more at www.healthandwellnessmagazine.net |   HandWmagazine

MINDFULNESS AND COMMUNICATION A DAILY LOG OR JOURNAL CAN HELP YOU EXAMINE THE CIRCUMSTANCES ASSOCIATED WITH COMMUNICATION.

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uman beings are social creatures by our very nature. We depend on each other. We need each other.

Even though we may feel selfsufficient and fiercely independent, research shows our interpersonal relationships and social support are extremely important to our physical, mental and emotional health. The increasing epidemic of loneliness caused by aging, poor health and geographic dislocation is associated with increased perceptions of stress, anxiety and depression, aggravation of symptoms of chronic illness and even suicide.

Pleasant and unpleasant communication Communication is one of our most important tools for overall health, but many of us lack basic information about how to communicate clearly and effectively with other people. Many of us allow pleasant and supportive conversations to go by unnoticed without any awareness of our good fortune to have had friendly, nurturing and uplifting conversations. Most of us find it especially challenging to handle difficult communication with confidence and sensitivity.

We often make difficult conversations even more difficult by our unskillful ways of communicating at home, at work and even with ourselves.

With practice, you can refine your communication skills. You can notice pleasant communication when it happens and express gratitude for it. You can even learn to handle difficult communications without making them more difficult. You can become more mindful of the quality of your communication and learn to manage difficult communication while increasing the likelihood your communication will be helpful, useful, pleasant, friendly and kind.

Keep a daily log Like any behavior or skill you want to refine and master, mindful communication benefits from a regular daily habit of self-inquiry.

A daily log or journal can help you examine the circumstances associated with communication. This only requires a few minutes but it can make a lifetime of difference in your capacity to handle interpersonal communication. Answer some of the following questions about your communication or modify them to suit your own needs.

Describe the conversation or communication Who was it with? How did it begin and why? What was the communication about? Was the communication difficult, easy, pleasant, unpleasant, friendly or unfriendly. What made it so?

Avoid assigning blame or judgment to either yourself or the other person(s) involved. Look for elements of pleasant communication even within an unpleasant communication and vice versa.

What did you want, need or hope for?

What was your agenda? Recall any pre-conceived ideas about an outcome and how you expected or wanted the communication to go.

How open were you to the communication going in a different direction based on the other person’s or persons’ needs? How much control did you want and how much control were you prepared to relinquish?

What did you actually get?

Were you satisfied with the outcome of the communication?

Did you “win” or “lose”? How did “winning” or “losing” affect your opinion of this as a pleasant or unpleasant communication?

What did the other person want? What did they actually get?

Did they think this was a pleasant or unpleasant communication?

Did they “win” or “lose”? Did either of you “react” as if your buttons were pushed or “respond” wisely and thoughtfully? Do you see elements of “automatic pilot,” kneejerk reacting in either of your communication? Do you see elements of skillful, aware responding?

How much listening did either of you do?

Active, intentional listening is one of the greatest gifts we can give to another person. Don’t be thinking of your reply while they are talking. Don’t look for openings to jump in between their sentences.

Just listen.

How did you feel in your body, your mind and your emotions during the com-

munication and afterwards?

What do you notice NOW as you recall this communication?

Mindful communication utilizes all your experience – physical sensations and sense perceptions, thoughts and cognitions, feelings and emotions. We begin to see our communications and other people as three dimensional and notice how that new depth of awareness makes us more skillful communicators and more tolerant.

Over time, mindful communication can grow in your life if you nourish it with intention. It can truly become a great gift you share with others. You may live healthier and longer because of it.

Sources and Resources

• Difficult Communications Calendar: https:// palousemindfulness.com/practice/ week6-informal.pdf • Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) classes at Mind Body Studio include an 8-week course on mindful communication: • http://www.mindbodystudio. org/?page_id=1262 • Weekly Wednesday class: http:// www.mindbodystudio.org/?page_ id=1055

About the Author Dr. John Patterson is past president of the Kentucky Academy of Family Physicians and is board certified in family medicine and integrative holistic medicine. He is on the faculty at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Saybrook University’s College of Integrative Medicine and Health Sciences (Oakland) and the Center for Mind Body Medicine (Washington, D.C.).

ABOUT MIND BODY STUDIO Mind Body Studio

517 Southland Drive, Lexington • 859.373.0033 • www.mindbodystudio.org Dr. Patterson operates the Mind Body Studio in Lexington, where he offers integrative medicine consultations and group classes. He can be reached through his Web site at www.mindbodystudio.org.

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By Angela S. Hoover, Staff Writer

Temporary Male Birth Control Relies on Crowdfunding Four years ago, the Parsemus Foundation finalized the development of Vasalgel, a long-acting, non-hormonal contraceptive that functions as a temporary and reversible vasectomy. A polymer gel is injected into the vas deferens, the tube through which the sperm swim, rather than cutting it, as is done in traditional vasectomies. When a man wants to become a father, another injection flushes out the gel.

The Parsemus Foundation concluded a year of successful rabbit studies in 2010. A subsequent study with monkeys was also successful. The foundation, structured as a “social venture” to make enough money to operate rather than seek profit, says it will set affordable pricing for its products once they’re available on the market. Crowd funding campaigns are ongoing to support preclinical trials leading up to the first human trial.

Soldier’s Replacement Ear Grown in Forearm for Transplant U.S. Army surgeons grew an ear in a soldier’s forearm before transplanting it to her head. After Pvt. Shamika Burrage lost her ear in a car accident, doctors at William Beaumont Army Medical Center in El Paso, Texas, sculpted an ear from rib cartilage and implanted it under the tissues of her forearm to foster blood vessel growth. Generally, implanted tissue are stitched to blood vessels at the transplant location, but this wasn’t possible because of the normal position of the ears. “[The new ear] will have fresh arteries, fresh veins and even a fresh nerve so she’ll be able to feel it,” said Lt. Col. Owen Johnson III, chief of plastic and reconstructive surgery at the facility. The forearm transplant helps perfect this rare procedure that can potentially benefit many patients.

Britons Infected by Decades-Old Contaminated U.S. Blood At least 25,000 Britons could be living with deadly viruses and about 2,500 have died as a result of contaminated blood imported from the United States decades ago, according to findings from The Infected Blood Inquiry. Facing a blood shortage, the United Kingdom imported the Factor VIII blood from the United States. But it was obtained from multiple paid donors that included sex workers, prisoners and habitual drug users. The blood was used to treat tens of thousands of Britons during the 1970s and 1980s for hemophilia, transfusions and childbirth complications.

Victims testified they received a “death sentence” upon learning they had been infected with HIV or hepatitis C from routine treatments. Many of the victims were only informed years later, after already infecting others, including their partners and children. The inquiry’s chairman, Sir Brian Langstaff, a former High Court judge, said the scandal was the worst in the National Health Service’s history.

“It is a truly sobering thought … there may yet be many thousands more who do not feel well but have not yet been told that the reason is that they suffer from hepatitis C,” he said. The Infected Blood Inquiry is expected to last 15 months. One of its chief aims is to determine how many people were infected. The inquiry will also investigate if there were attempts to conceal details of what happened because medical records and other crucial documents are missing. Last October, documents revealed senior ministers in Margaret Thatcher’s government tried to cover up the contaminated blood scandal by reducing financial aid to victims who received the blood, while acknowledging they could not “in presentational terms” deny they were at fault.

General Dentistry.

November 2018

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IMPACTS OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE C AN REACH FAR BE YOND YOUR MOUTH

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ecent studies show periodontal disease – more commonly known as gum disease – is much more common than previously thought, with almost half of the adults in the United States suffering from it. The prevalence of periodontal disease is even worse when looking at the male population: 60 percent of men over age 30 years suffer from gum disease.

Usually, the cause of periodontal disease is a sticky build-up of bacteria and plaque on the teeth. If left untreated, this build-up can cause the gums to become red and swollen and bleed easily. This swelling and inflammation can negatively affect the bone around the teeth, causing them to become loose.

Why are men more likely to suffer from gum disease? Men are typically less likely to go to the dentist for regular care, so often they have higher amounts of dental plaque and tartar and more bleeding in the gum area.

Left untreated, these issues can lead to periodontal disease, which in turn can lead to tooth loss. Making matters worse, men who suffer from untreated periodontal disease may also see dramatic impacts on other areas of their heath.

Cardiovascular Disease Men are already more likely to develop heart disease than women.

Periodontal disease can worsen these odds because people with gum disease are almost twice as likely to have heart disease. In addition to following advice to keep their hearts healthy, men should also work on protecting their hearts by keeping their mouths healthy.

Cancer Periodontal disease is a common inflammatory disease, and the known risk factors — age, smoking, obesity, hypertension and diabetes — are also considered to be risk factors for systemic, or metastatic, cancer.

Researchers have found men with gum disease are 49 percent more likely to develop kidney cancer, 54 percent more likely to develop pancreatic cancer and 30 percent more likely to develop blood cancers.

Prostate Health Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced exclusively by prostate cells. The chance of getting prostate cancer increases as PSA levels rise. There is evidence of a possible link between prostate health and periodontal health. The research shows men with indicators of gum disease, such as red, swollen gums, as well as prostatitis, or inflammation of the prostate, have higher levels of PSA than men with only one of these conditions.

Impotence Research demonstrates an increased risk of impotence in men younger than 30 years and older than 70 years who also have periodontal disease.

This does not mean gum disease causes impotence, only that there is an association between the two conditions. Men who have been diagnosed with periodontal disease have problems with impotence more often than men without gum disease.

Male Infertility Periodontal disease has also been proposed to have a negative effect on a couple’s ability to conceive. According to the World Health Organization, roughly 8 percent to 10 percent of people are affected by infertility. In half of these cases, the issue seems to be related to male infertility. The same bacteria involved in causing periodontal disease are significantly involved with infertility issues.

Signs and Symptoms The American Academy of Periodontology encourages people to watch for these common signs of periodontal disease: • red, swollen or tender gums; • bleeding while brushing, flossing or eating hard food; • gums that are receding or pulling away from the teeth; • loose or separating teeth; • pus between the gums and teeth; • sores in the mouth; • persistent bad breath; • a change in the way teeth fit together when biting down; or • a change in the fit of partial dentures.

Prevention Luckily, adding certain habits to daily routines can help prevent periodontal disease.

• Brushing twice a day helps avoid a build-up of plaque and bacteria, which can lead to bad breath, tooth decay and gum disease. Remember to brush the tongue because bacteria love to hide there.

• Flossing daily helps remove food particles and plaque between teeth and along the gum line that your toothbrush cannot quite reach. A favorite saying of dentists is to “floss between the teeth you want to keep.”

• Using an antimicrobial mouth rinse can help reduce plaque and aid in removing remaining food particles, but keep in mind it is not a replacement for flossing or brushing.

• Know your risk. Age, smoking, diet and genetics can all increase your risk for periodontal disease. If you are at increased risk, be sure to talk with your dentist.

Treatment Treatment of gum disease varies based on the location and severity of the disease. A good place to start is to get a comprehensive periodontal evaluation (CPE) from a dental professional. During a CPE, a dentist will review your teeth, plaque level, gums, bite when the teeth close together, bone structure and other risk factors.

About the Author:

Dr. Allison Wright is an assistant professor at the University of Kentucky College of Dentistry. She is a specialist in periodontology, and her clinical interests include cosmetic surgery, soft-tissue grafting and dental implants. More information about UK Dentistry is available at www.ukhealthcare.uky. edu/dentistry.

ABOUT UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY Clinic Info: 859-323-DENT (3368) • ukhealthcare.uky.edu/dentistry UK Dentistry offers expert, personalized care for the general and specialty dental and oral health needs of adults and children. We're committed to improving Kentucky, and beyond, one smile at a time.

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Funeral.

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November 2018

MEMORIES LAST LONGER THR OUGH VIDEOS AND PHOTOS

ave you ever considered how much your family has experienced during your lifetime together? From the birth of your children to the first and last days of school to weddings and all the vacations, ballgames and performances in between, you probably have many stories to share with friends and families.

Along the way, I’m pretty certain you have probably taken hundreds if not thousands of TIME IS photos and videos of your family and friends to help document your journey. While some people PRECIOUS dedicate more time to journaling than others, it is AND SO never too late to sit down and document your life in words.

ARE YOUR Through a program sponsored by funeral MEMORIES. homes across the nation, including Milward Funeral Directors in Lexington, individuals can TAKE TIME document the important milestones of life on free TODAY TO software called BeRemembered. BeRemembered SHARE YOUR allows people to upload photos and videos, complete a bio, add experiences and favorite things, STORIES. write words of wisdom and add personal letters to your loved ones. The program even includes a place to add a bucket list of things you’d like to do before you die.

Finally, it allows individuals to outline how he or she visualizes his or her Life Celebration, funeral or memorial service.

Unlike a scrapbook that can be held, BeRemembered is a digital solution for recording memories and life plans. In today’s world, fami-

lies often live several states apart and do not have the opportunity to hold a scrapbook except when visiting over holidays or during family reunions.

Individuals who record their life history on BeRemembered can give permission to people to visit a private site to view photos and videos and read about their life. The software also asks you to appoint a guardian to your site. If or when something happens to you, your guardian will have access to unlock your BeRemembered pages to share with people through various social media outlets. You may want your guardian to be your spouse, son or daughter, another close relative, special friend or even a funeral director.

Choosing to use BeRemembered is a lovely gift to give your family who want to cherish and share family memories for generations.

Completing your bio and sharing your experiences on BeRemembered is simple and could even open up an opportunity to sit down with your tech-savvy grandchildren and have them input your story for you.

Time is precious and so are your memories. Take time today to share your stories.

The BeRemembered software is accessible on Milward Funeral Directors’ Web page at www.milwardfuneral.com. Your personal BeRemembered page can only be viewed by the individual who sets up the page and guardians who are given permission to access the site.

Organizations in the community that are interested in helping their members get started on documenting their memories are welcome to reach out to me to book a demonstration of the software.

ABOUT MILWARD FUNERAL DIRECTORS Downtown: 159 North Broadway 859.252.3411 • Southland: 391 Southland Drive 859.276.1415 Man O'War: 1509 Trent Boulevard 859.272.3414 • www.milwardfuneral.com

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Family Doc.

November 2018

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MALE INFERTILITY

C AUSES AND TREATMENT OPTIONS

reating a baby is no small feat. Many conditions, both in the woman and the man, have to be just right for pregnancy to occur. According to the Mayo Clinic, (www.mayoclinic.org), up to 15 percent of couples are infertile. They have not conceived a child even though they have had frequent, unprotected sexual intercourse for a year or longer. In up to half of these couples, male infertility is a significant factor.

Not only does a man need to produce healthy, mobile sperm from properly functioning testicles, his body must also be able to create testosterone and other hormones that help with sperm production. If his sperm count is low – fewer than 15 million sperm per milliliter of semen – impregnating a woman is virtually impossible. Sperm that has difficulty with motility (movement) or is abnormal may not be able to reach or penetrate an egg in order to fertilize it.

There are a number of causes of male infertility. Sometimes it is due to medical issues. Sometimes it has to do with health issues. Sometimes it is the result of lifestyle choices. A medical issue can be a varicocele, a swelling in the veins that drain the testicles that results in a reduction of sperm quality. The tubes that carry sperm may be blocked because of injury or infection. If a man contracts mumps in puberty, his fertility may be impacted. Different health conditions such as diabetes can cause retrograde ejaculation, which happens when semen backs into the bladder during orgasm instead of exiting from the penis. Surgery, radiation or chemotherapy often affect male fertility. Lifestyle choices that can hinder fertility include smoking, illicit drug use and drinking alcohol. Being overweight is another factor in male infertility. Some medications, such as anabolic steroids, may impede fertility, and so can exposure to radiation and certain toxins and chemicals, such as pesticides, herbicides and lead. Some men are azoospermic – there is no sperm at all in their ejaculate.

To boost sperm production and mobility, doctors suggest: • Wear loose underwear such as boxers instead of jockey shorts. This relieves pressure on the testicles.

• Avoid saunas and hot tubs. Overheating the testicles may impair sperm production and function.

After a year of trying to achieve a pregnancy with no results, you and your partner should talk to your physician.

• Get out and get some exercise. According to a Harvard School of Public Health study, men who participated in moderate to vigorous activity at least 15 hours a week had 73 percent higher sperm concentration than men who exercised less than five hours a week.

• Watch where you place your laptop computer. Research shows when men place laptops directly on their laps, it can increase the temperature of the scrotum and decrease sperm production.

In some cases, if infertility is due to high or low levels of certain hormones, your doctor may recommend hormone replacement therapy to enhance hormone balance. After a year of trying to achieve a pregnancy with no results, you and your partner should talk to your physician to discuss possible causes, treatments and assisted reproductive technology options such as in vitro fertilization.

About the Author

Todd Martin graduated from Northern Kentucky University in 1990 and completed his master’s degree in 1999, receiving honors in both programs. He is board certified as a Family Nurse Practitioner and has worked in emergency medicine and family practice. Todd has lived in Lexington with his wife, Lori, since 2000 and is an avid fly fisherman and outdoor enthusiast. He joined Family Practice Associates of Lexington in 2013. He believes in treating not just the disease but the patient as a complete human being.

ABOUT FAMILY PRACTICE ASSOCIATES OF LEXINGTON TWO LOCATIONS: 1775 Alysheba Way, Ste. 201 and 2040 Harrodsburg Rd., Ste. 300 • 859.278.5007 • www.fpalex.com Proudly serving Kentucky for over 35 years, Family Practice Associates of Lexington is a group of primary care providers who are dedicated to giving family-centered care from birth to later years.

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November 2018

events NOVEMBER 2018

!

W E N

Submit your healthy event listings: brian@rockpointpublishing.com

Wednesdays Mindfulness and Relaxation for Health

Relax the body, quiet the mind, open the heart. Arrive 6:00-6:30 and deeply relax, instruction 6:30-8:00 PM. Mobilize inner resources for promoting health, preventing burnout and managing stress-related chronic disease. Study and practice in a supportive group. Gentle yoga, mindful movement, deep relaxation, sitting meditation and discussion. Instructor: John A. Patterson MD, MSPH, FAAFP, Cost $10. Mind Body Studio 517 Southland Drive, Lexington, KY 859-373-0033. Full details at http://www.mindbodystudio.org/?page_id=1055.

Fridays Argentine tango

November 3 Dirty Dog Trail 4 Miler Presented by Lexington Clinic Veterans Park. The 4th Annual Dirty Dog Trail 4 Miler will take place on Saturday, November 3, 2018 at 9:00am at Veteran's Park.

The 4 mile course will traverse portions of the park, trails and some pathways along/around the scenic East Hickman River. The race will be chip timed and awards will be presented for top 3 M/F Overall and top 3 in each of 11 age groups.

Long Sleeved performance T-shirts will be provided to all registrants.

We also have our Top Dogs Team Competition for 2-Person male, female and co-ed teams. Grab and friend and run together! https:// runsignup.com/Race/KY/Lexington/ DirtyDogTrail4Miler for details.

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Passionate and Romantic- Mindful and Meditative. A uniquely transformative social skill, art form and movement therapy. No partner or dance experience required.

Friday evening 7:30-9:00 PM. You may drop-in to any class- this is not a series. $10. Instructors: Dr. John Patterson and Nataliya Timoshevskaya. Mind Body Studio 517 Southland Drive, Lexington, KY 859-373-0033. Full details at http:// www.mindbodystudio.org/?page_ id=214.

November 3 KHSAA State Cross Country Championships

Kentucky state high schools will compete for a state tile in the KHSAA State Cross Country Championships at the Kentucky Horse Park. 4089 Iron Works Pike, Lexington, KY 40511. For more information, please visit KHSAA website at www.khsaa.org.

November 3 National Horse Show 5K The Kentucky Equine Humane Center is the official charity partner for the 2018 National Horse Show 5k, held outside of the Alltech Arena. A portion of the proceeds that are generated through the annual National Horse Show 5k will benefit this Lexington-based nonprofit organization dedicated to providing a safe haven for horses in need.The 5k event will kick off an evening of family-friendly entertainment and is open to participants of all ages. At the conclusion of the race, participants are invited in to the Alltech Arena for the National Horse Show Breeders' Cup Viewing Party and Craft Beer Garden, followed by international show jumping competition. 5:00pm, $25. Visit https://runsignup.com/Race/KY/ Lexington/NationalHorseShow5K for more information.

November 3 Turkey Trot for a Cure 5K walk/

AC E R E N I ONL ENDAR C A L magazine.net s dwellnes healthan -calendar.html /race

run for Alzheimer's

November is National Alzheimer's Disease Awareness month and for the past 7 years, we have kicked it off with a 5k walk/run to raise awareness and support for Alzheimer's in our community.

The 2018 Turkey Trot for a Cure is planned for Saturday November 3rd at the Morehead Conference Center.

Last year's event was a great success with nearly 400 walkers/runners and over $2500.00 in donations for our Foundation's Alzheimer's & Dementia Care Fund. Our race is for everyone from the beginner to the most advanced, we welcome all Trotters to join us for a fun filled morning of food, fun, & fellowship as we work towards a goal of eliminating Alzheimer disease.

The race course will be in beautiful downtown Morehead. The morning will include informational sessions on Alzheimer's & Dementia, a free health fair, a kids room, chicken noodle soup & hot chocolate after the race. Visit healthandwellnessmagazine.net/race-calendar.html for more information.

November 4 VA5K This event will benefit the medical center and the Lexington Fisher House, which provides lodging for the families of veterans being treated at the medical center. The Lexington Division of Community Corrections and Columbia Gas of Kentucky and its NiVets employee resource group are presenting and coordinating sponsors of the event.

12:00pm, $15–$30. 2025 Leestown Road, Lexington, KY 40511. Visit https://www.active.com/lexingtonky/running/distance-running-races/ veterans-va5k-2018 for info.

November 9 Barrels & Broads Ladies Night Benefiting My Pink Navigator is scheduled for Friday, November 9, 2018 from 6:30pm to 11:30pm at Copper Roux ; 861 South Broadway, Lexington, KY 40504

November 10 Family Style Quail Supper Dine on Kentucky quail and the fall garden harvest, while learning how Shaker Village manages its preserve for Northern Bobwhite quail. Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill, 3501 Lexington Road, Harrodsburg, KY 40330. 6:30pm–9:00pm. $85.

For more information, please visit https://shakervillageky.org/ event/2018-family-style-quailsupper/.

Nov.12-17 Kentucky Book Festival The Kentucky Book Fair has expanded into the Kentucky Book Festival - six days of literary events in Lexington! Join the festivities for readings, cocktail parties, trivia, and more, all culminating with the 37th annual Kentucky Book Fair on Saturday, November 17 at the Kentucky Horse Park's Alltech Arena.

Please check the Kentucky Book Festival website for details: https:// www.kyhumanities.org/kentuckybookfestival.html.

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November 15 Southern Lights Stroll 5K Lace up, head out and help us turn

on the lights! The Kentucky Horse Park invites you to help us set the Holiday Season in motion as you join us for the 2018 Southern Lights Stroll on Thursday, November 15th at 6:30pm (competitive 5K), and the stroll/walk starting immediately after. Imagine seeing the holiday lights on foot, set in the magnificent surroundings of the Kentucky Horse Park. This year we have teamed up with 3 Way Racing to provide chip timing for our competitive 5K race, complete with awards. Additional activities include complimentary Mini Train Rides and refreshments!

Pre-registrations are encouraged! https://runsignup.com/Race/KY/ Lexington/SouthernLightsStroll5K for details.

Earn your Thanksgiving feast the following Thursday with a scenic Half Marathon, 10K or 5K through beautiful bluegrass horse country.

Our scenic half marathon course will traverse through beautiful horse country and past a number of our horse farms. All registrants receive a long sleeved performance T-shirt (while they last). Overall, Age Group awards, DJ, free post race massage, race photos, chip timing, post race eats, West Sixth beer ($4 donation) and lots of Gobbler fun! https:// runsignup.com/Race/KY/Lexington/ TheGobblerHalfMarathon.

November 18 The Gobbler Half Marathon,

Join us for the 35th annual Thoroughbred Classic 5K & Kay Collins Memorial Mile on Thanksgiving Day, Thursday, November 22, 2018 at 9:00 a.m. at Lexington’s historic Keeneland Race Course. Every Thanksgiving morning, runners and walkers

10K & 5K

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Join us for the 3rd Annual Gobbler Half Marathon, 10K & 5K on Sunday, November 18, 2018 at 8:30am at Mereworth Farm in West Lexington.

November 22 Thoroughbred Classic 5K &

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from across the country come to Lexington, Kentucky, to take part in the Thoroughbred Classic 5K and Kay Collins Memorial Mile.

Organized by Bluegrass Runners, the Thoroughbred Classic is a family-friendly event that benefits several local charities. Last year’s race had a record-breaking amount of donations -- $44,000 in donations to seven local charities. https://runsignup.com/Race/KY/ Lexington/ ThoroughbredClassic5KKayCollinsMemorialMile

November 24 Cincinnati Hungry Turkey Half

November 25 RCGC Turkey Burner Mile Looking for a way to work off those extra holiday calories? Join us at the Turkey Burner Mile! The Runners' Club of Greater Cincinnati will be hosting a one mile race at Summit Park in Blue Ash OH. Cost is $10 for General Public. RCGC Members / Age 21 & Under: is $5. Race Day Registration is $15 for General Public and $10 RCGC Members / Age 21 & Under and opens at noon at Summit Park. Visit http:// healthandwellnessmagazine.net/ race-calendar.html for details.

Marathon & 5K

Join the Thanksgiving Day tradition at the Cincinnati Hungry Turkey Half Marathon & 5K Run/Walk. Everyone gets cinnamon roll at the finish line!

Use #TurkeyTradition to share your photos! Event times, dates, location and all other details are subject to change prior to event. All official information is on the event's website OhioRuns.com.

Kay Collins Memorial Mile

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November 2018

Do You Suffer From Negative Body Image?

MEN DEVELOP EATING DISORDERS, TOO

By Michelle Barichello

According to the National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA) (www. nationaleatingdisorders. org), an estimated 30 million people in the United States will develop an eating disorder at some point in their lives, and 10 million of those people are men.

November 2018 If you’re a man who struggles with body image, you’re not alone. Body image may not be as widely talked about with men as it is with women, but since men make up a third of those who suffer from eating disorders, it’s clear plenty of men are dissatisfied with their bodies.

Because the topic is so hush-hush, it’s not as easy for men to find advice about how to overcome negative perceptions of their appearance.

Not seeking the right help, however, can be detrimental to your physical and mental health and wellness.

What is body image? Body image is how you view and perceive your physical appearance.

Height, shape, weight – all your physical features are under your own judgment and your attitudes toward them make up your body image.

A man with a negative body image likely feels shame, anxiety and insecurity about his shape, size or features. Men feel the same pressure as women to maintain certain physical features. You may see celebrities and bodybuilders in the media and feel you need to have a bigger physique. Maybe you’re self-conscious of your height and wish you were taller. Fixating on those perceived flaws results in negative body image.

Positive body image means you have a clear and honest perception of your physique. You see your body as it is rather than labeling parts good or bad. A man with a positive body image feels comfortable and confident in himself. He accepts his body’s shape and size and recognizes the separation between physical appearance and one’s character and value as a person.

Having a healthy body image is an important part of mental wellness, but as we start internalizing messages about our bodies, it’s easy to develop a negative body image. Negative body image can lead to serious issues such as depression, eating disorders and low self-esteem. A January 2014 study found adolescent boys who were concerned with their weight were more likely to be depressed or engage in high-risk behaviors such as binge drinking.

If you have negative feelings about your looks, here are some healthier ways of thinking about your body: • Appreciate all your body can do. Think about all the things your body allows you to do that you enjoy: hiking, walking your dog, sex!

Appreciate that your body can experience these activities, because not everyone is so fortunate.

• Keep at the top of your mind the things you like about yourself. Rather than physical features, focus on the inner qualities you like. Do you help your family and friends? Are you always ready with a witty comment to make people laugh? Think about these qualities often and add to them as you come across new things.

• Choose to be around positive people. If you’re around other men who are constantly judging and making comments about others, distance yourself from that negative energy. Surround yourself with people who are more accepting of their own and others’ bodies. Spend your time with people who build you up and accept you the way you are.

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• Become more critical of what you see in the media. If a certain image makes you feel self-conscious, think about whether it is even realistic. Often men put their bodies through unhealthy regimens to get a certain muscular physique. Would you really want to put your body through that extreme stress for a look that is unattainable with a balanced lifestyle?

• Wear clothes that make you feel good. Work with your body type and choose colors that make you feel more confident.

• Affirm positive BODY IMAGE thoughts. When you hear negative voices IS HOW YOU in your head regarding your body image, VIEW AND reframe those thoughts with positive ones.

PERCEIVE Remind yourself you are YOUR a good person and you are taking good care of PHYSICAL yourself.

• Respect your body.

APPEARANCE. Become more in tune with your body and listen to its needs. Do you need more sleep? More balanced nutrition? A glass of cold water or an energizing run outside?

Positive body image doesn’t happen immediately, but continuing these practices over time will help you reframe the way you view your body.

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November 2018

Dupuytren’s contracture can make performing everyday activities a challenge.

What Men Need to Know About Dupuytren’s Contracture

By Dr. Tom Miller, Staff Writer Men, are you aware of Dupuytren’s contracture?

This condition occurs when

fibrous tissue under the palm thickens and forms a rope-like cord, causing one or more fingers to stiffen, bend and lose flexibility. Over time, the progressively tightening cord can pull the fingers toward the palm, preventing them from straightening. The condition, which can be mistaken for arthritis, can limit hand function over time. It is influenced by age, gender, geography and ethnicity. Men are more likely to have Dupuytren’s contracture than women at a ratio of 9:1. It can progress quickly or develop slowly over a period of years.

This condition is more commonly found in men from Britain, Ireland, Scandinavia, Australia and North America. It is less common in men from Southern Europe and South America and rare in Africa and China. Men with an alcohol addiction, smokers, men with hypercholesterol and diabetes and patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus have a higher risk of developing it.

Dupuytren’s contracture can make performing everyday activities a challenge because as the contracture progresses, range of motion decreases. After a while, even signing your name can become difficult. Many people with Dupuytren’s contracture have been forced to give up some of their hobbies, such as playing the piano, and typing on a keyboard or using certain tools. Psychologically, people with Dupuytren’s contracture may develop coping mechanisms to avoid using the affected fingers.

Some people withdraw from social activities because they have trouble playing cards, shaking hands, turning doorknobs and fastening coats and other clothing.

Treatment for Dupuytren’s contracture depends on the severity of the condition. As it progresses, your physician may suggest nonsurgical or surgical treatment with the goal of reducing the symptoms and disability caused by the condition. At present, there is no treatment to stop Dupuytren’s contracture from getting worse.

A simple wait-and-see approach may be all that is necessary if the condition remains mild and does not affect activities of daily life.

Sources and Resources

• Mayo Clinic (2018). www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/dupuytrens-contracture/symptomscauses/syc-20371943 • WebMD (2018). Treatment options for Dupuytren’s contracture. www.webmd. com/a-to-z-guides/dupuytrens-disease-surgerycomplications-topic-overview#1

About the Author Thomas W. Miller, Ph.D., ABPP, is a Professor Emeritus and Senior Research Scientist with the Center for Health, Intervention and Prevention at the University of Connecticut and Professor, Department of Gerontology, College of Public Health, and Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, at the University of Kentucky.

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I, a healthy non-smoker, had lung cancer.

Kentucky Needs a Breath of Hope

By Lindi Campbell I was born and raised in Lexington, Ky. I am a 53-year-old, healthy non-smoker who never thought she would get lung cancer. About this time last year, I probably knew as much about lung cancer as the majority of Kentuckians do. If you smoke, you have a greater chance of developing lung cancer; therefore, if you don’t smoke, why worry, right?

Wrong!

Not only does Kentucky lead the nation in lung cancer cases and deaths, lung cancer kills more men and women than any other cancer – and nearly 20 percent of lung cancer patients have never smoked.

My lung cancer was found by coincidence when my primary care physician saw a shadow on a routine X-ray. She sent me for a CT scan that revealed a 1.2-cm nodule and then she referred me to a pulmonologist. Non-smokers do not quality for lung cancer pre-screening, so had it not been for this unrelated chest X-ray, my lung cancer would only have been discovered in the late stages – after it had spread.

For a year and a half, a series of scans were done to watch for growth, but at no time was the nodule ever perceived as lung cancer. After the nodule ultimately doubled in size, it was determined through a second opinion that surgery should be

scheduled to remove the “foreign growth.” During surgery, the doctors discovered the nodule was, in fact, cancer. I, a healthy non-smoker, had lung cancer.

I have since learned almost every non-smoker tends to find their lung cancer in later stages because the disease has so few early symptoms, and the symptoms that do become visible often go misdiagnosed. The cancer is already in Stage 4 by the time it is discovered. Fortunately, my cancer was found and removed before it reached the lymph nodes. Two lobes of my lower right lung were removed (about 35 percent) to ensure all the cancer was gone.

My shocking diagnosis, recovery issues and further understanding of the information I read about this horrible disease left me with no other option but to leap into action. I could not sit around just being thankful I had narrowly escaped a terminal diagnosis. I owed it to all the men and women non-smokers who were not as fortunate as I was to do all I could to educate others and spread awareness. Shortly after I recovered from my surgery, I began numerous advocacy efforts to erase the stigma of lung cancer. Early detection is the only way this disease will ever be caught in time to save lives. Without a greater awareness that non-smokers can get lung cancer too, it will continue to be stigmatized as a smokers-only cancer.

I designed a T-shirt and a pamphlet that has

been circulated to several hundred people. I traveled to Washington, D.C., to the 10th annual Advocacy Summit of the Lung Cancer Alliance to vocalize on behalf of lung cancer detection in non-smokers. I have started a Breath of Hope KY Facebook page to post information about the disease. I have worked with KORT Physical Therapy to spread awareness about a little-known cancer rehab program and other opportunities most cancer patients do not realize are available to them post surgery. Through the American Lung Cancer Association of Kentucky, two women interested in learning how my advocacy can potentially fall in line with their Lung Force program contacted me. I think raising money for a cause is great, but when you raise awareness, you are creating a priceless opportunity to save lives though increased knowledge about the disease.

I am currently gearing up for Lung Cancer Awareness Month in November and already have several businesses stepping up to join my campaign, “Erase the Sigma … Silence the Myth.” I will work to spread awareness about lung cancer in non-smokers. ABC has already booked me for a segment on Nov. 12 to support my efforts. I will do all I can to help prevent any other family from being blindsided as I was simply because no one has yet stepped up to become a new face of lung cancer.

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November 2018

N AT U R E ' S

Lemongrass BREW UP LOTS OF HEALTH BENEFITS WITH THIS CITRUSY HERB

By Tanya Tyler, Editor Health&Wellness Wanting to latch onto the growing popularity of Asian cuisine, many cooks, both professional and amateur, are scouring their local produce aisles for exotic ingredients that give their dishes authenticity.

Lemongrass – stems and leaves – is often used to impart a wonderful flavor not only to entrees such as curries and stir-fries but to teas and soups as well.

Lemongrass is native to India and tropical regions of Asia. The herb’s grass-like leaves have a distinct lemon flavor, although it is milder and sweeter than a lemon. To use lemongrass, remove the leafy top and woody bottom, strip off the tough outer layers and mince or chop the white inner stalk. The longer you cook it,

B E A U T Y

the stronger the flavor becomes. You can grow your own lemongrass in a container or herb or flower garden; just make sure it has rich soil, plenty of water and full sun.

Lemongrass is used medicinally in many cultures. In Chinese medicine it is used as a remedy for stomach complaints such as constipation or indigestion. The main component of lemongrass is lemonal or citral, which provides the lemony smell in addition to anti-fungal and anti-microbial qualities. Tea made from the plant offers some great health benefits, such as soothing the stomach, aiding with digestion and regulating high blood pressure due to its high levels of potassium. Lemongrass has been reported to help people who have insomnia. Because it is full of antioxidants, lemongrass tea can serve as a detox agent. Detoxification helps regulate various organs of the body, including the liver and kidney. Lemongrass limits cholesterol absorption so it promotes overall heart health.

As a metabolism booster, lemongrass tea may enhance your weight-loss plans by helping your body digest food quicker, thus spurring the burning off of calories. If you have a cold or the flu, lemongrass tea will give you a good dose of vitamin C to strengthen your immune system. Do you have a fever, too? Lemongrass is known as the fever grass because it has been

IN CHINESE MEDICINE IT IS USED AS A REMEDY FOR STOMACH COMPLAINTS SUCH AS CONSTIPATION OR INDIGESTION

shown to reduce fever. Women who suffer from menstrual pain may also find lemongrass tea offers some welcome relief. People suffering from rheumatism may find lemongrass helps reduce their pain. Research conducted to prove the anti-cancer abilities of lemongrass has shown promising outcomes in the prevention of skin cancer.

To make lemongrass tea, chop the leaves up, put them in water and bring it to a boil. Let the tea steep for 10 to 15 minutes. One precaution is for people with diabetes: Lemongrass tea may lower blood sugar levels, so be sure to consult your primary care physician about drinking it. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid lemongrass due to the workings of certain chemical compounds.

Lemongrass isn’t just good for your insides.

As a diluted skin tonic, it can help clear skin, strengthen skin tissue and treat such afflictions as acne and eczema. Steep your entire body in a lemongrass essential oil bath to calm your nerves and revive both mind and soul.

Sources

• Natural Food Series (www.naturalfoodseries.com) • WebMd (www.webmd.com)

Family Vision.

For advertising information call 859.368.0778 or email brian@rockpointpublishing.com | November 2018

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GLAUCOMA:

DON’ T L E T ‘S N E AK T HI E F’ S T E A L YOU R E YE S I G H T

A

ge takes its toll on all parts of the body, even the eyes.

While conditions such as glaucoma are not necessarily inevitable as we get older, they are still possibilities that can change the way we see. It always pay to practice foresight – it just may save your eyesight.

Glaucoma is a rather complex disease. Simply put, it occurs when fluid pressure builds up in your eyes. Approximately two and a half quarts of fluid, called aqueous humor, pumps through the eyes every day, providing nutrients to the inside of the eyes.

This fluid is constantly being pumped in and out of your eyes.

The pumping keeps the fluid clear and clean so you can see well through it. The way glaucoma works can be compared to a faucet and drain. As long as both parts are working fine and everything flows smoothly, you have no problem with backups or clogs. But sometimes the fluid gets blocked instead of flowing out of your eyes as normal. The blockage causes the pressure in your eyes, so the balance between inflow and outflow is important. A person can be born with glaucoma, but that only happens rarely. Usually the condition is related to age. Your risk of developing glaucoma rises a percentage point with each decade.

Unfortunately, glaucoma has no warning signals. The condition is painless and the pressure buildup that steals your eyesight is so slow and steady that most people have no idea they even have glaucoma until they realize half their vision is gone. That is why glaucoma is called the “sneak thief of sight.”

The sooner it is caught, the better able your eye doctor will be to keep it under control.

One of the first signs that you have glaucoma is a loss of peripheral or side vision. Visual field testing can check it. You may also see halos around lights or experi-

UNFORTUNATELY, GLAUCOMA HAS NO WARNING SIGNALS.

ence narrow or tunnel vision.

Your eye doctor will check for glaucoma by dilating your eyes.

This will give him a better view of your optic nerve. The pressure in the eyes often damages this nerve. The doctor will also perform a tonometry test to check the fluid pressure in your eyes.

Treatment may include eye drops taken once or twice daily. These drops help relieve the pressure by either increasing the outflow of the aqueous humor or reducing its production. Another option is laser surgery, which can increase the flow of fluid from the eye. One microsurgery procedure is used to create a new channel to help drain the fluid and relieve the pressure in the eye. You should talk about your options with your eye doctor.

Glaucoma is essentially a neurodegenerative disease. It cannot be cured and lost vision cannot be restored. However, with proper treatment, the progress of the disease can be slowed down and the vision you still have can be saved.

As with diabetes or high blood pressure, the ultimate goal with glaucoma is maintenance. Here,

too, prevention is worth multiple pounds of cure.

About the Author Dr. Graebe received both his B.S degree in Visual Science and Doctorate of Optometry from Indiana University. He is a Behavioral Optometrist and learning expert. He has been in private practice here in the Bluegrass area for the past 32 years.

ABOUT FAMILY EYECARE ASSOCIATES 105 Crossfield Drive, Versailles, KY 40383 • 859.879.3665 • www.myfamilyvision.com

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November 2018

“With Today’s Breakthroughs, You Too Can ELIMINATE Neuropathy, Obesity, High Cholesterol & More!”

BEFORE TRUE HEALTH SOLUTIONS

Michael Beebe, 62, was diagnosed with Neuropathy in both his hands and his feet, and suffered from Obesity, weighing 230 lbs.

He also suffered from High Cholesterol, High Triglycerides, Alcoholism and had lost his sense of smell for over 7years due to a chronic history of Sinusitis for 35 years.

He was accepted as a client and NOW.. his Neuropathy is gone, sinusitis is gone, his smell has returned and he’s lost over 40 pounds and he is free from alcoholism!

Q: Michael, why did you go to Dr. Miller?

A: “Neuropathy was terrible and my health was simply getting worse and I was afraid of losing my feet or a hand. I had suffered poor health for years and I really needed to lose weight, and I heard of Dr. Miller and the results he gets.”

Q: You’ve been seeing other medical doctors for Neuropathy and other health conditions, what about Dr. Miller was different?

A: “Dr. Miller made it so clear, something was causing my Neuropathy. He said his whole approach is to uncover and reveal exactly what that is and then address that, the real problem. The other doctors just recommended more medications. Dr. Miller makes complete sense.”

Q: What does Dr. Miller do to find out what’s not working correctly inside your body?

A: “Dr. Miller does a very comprehensive blood panel lab he orders through Lab Corp. He goes over the actual results of his clinic’s ‘Functional Medicine’ computer assessment. It is very impressive.

Q: After Dr. Miller finds what is not working correctly, what’s he do?

AFTER TRUE HEALTH SOLUTIONS

A: “Dr. Miller really does take the time and goes over everything, so I understood, and shows what needs done and what type of natural treatment he recommends fixing the problem causing Neuropathy and Obesity. It makes perfect sense seeing everything.”

Q: Michael, what did Dr. Miller recommend for you to eliminate your Neuropathy and Obesity?

A: “Dr. Miller started off seeing me weekly to ensure what he calls ‘the victory’ of eliminating the causes of Neuropathy and Obesity. He provides clear instructions on life-style improvements to eliminate poor health and then teaches you how to stay healthy. He just makes it all so clear and provides great printed instructions. I’m really happy I came to Dr. Miller, he literally saved my life.”

Q: What are the results of your treatment from Dr. Miller?

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Integrated Care | Nutrition | Chiropractic Dr. Mark A. Miller, DC and Associates, PLLC

(859) 223-2233

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November 2018

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Should You Circumcise Your Son? A GROWING NUMBER OF PEOPLE OPPOSE THE PROCEDURE

By Angela S. Hoover, Staff Writer

With more than 20,000 nerve endings, the foreskin is the most sensitive part of the penis and the most erogenous part of a man’s body.

The foreskin protects the glans – the rounded tip of the penis – and keeps it healthy, clean, moist and sensitive. It also protects the urethra from contamination. The foreskin also enables normal gliding during intercourse.

Male circumcision began as a religious rite related to the Abrahamic covenant and has been practiced by Jews, Muslims and some Christians for thousands of years. Coptic Christians and Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox practice circumcision as a rite of passage. Islamic male circumcision (khitan) is similar, but not identical to Jewish circumcision. Islam is currently the largest single religious group to practice circumcision.

Health benefits attributed to circumcision include a decreased risk of urinary tract infections, a reduced risk of some sexually transmitted diseases, protection against penile cancer and a reduced risk of cervical cancer for female sex partners. Urinary tract infections are more common in uncircumcised males. But circumcision can also cause harm, such as post-operative infections, scars, painful erections, penile mutilation and even death.

About 30 percent of men worldwide are circumcised, according to World Health Organization estimates. Circumcision is increasing predominantly in Africa because some new studies have linked the spread of HIV to uncircumcised penises. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cautions the

results of the studies in Africa cannot be applied to the United States.

Circumcision in infants is commonly practiced in the United States, where more than three quarters (79 percent) of men are circumcised, according to the CDC. Circumcision has never been a part of European culture. European countries such as Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Germany have raised the issue of consent to their respective governments.

The result has been a variety of age restrictions for consent, ranging from 12 to 18 years of age. A German court ruled in 2012 that parents may not circumcise their sons at birth for religious reasons because the procedure violates the child’s right to bodily integrity as well as a right to religious choice. In the UK, circumcision remains legal but is rare outside the Jewish and Muslim communities.

A growing number of Americans are questioning male circumcision. Critics of the procedure say it is rarely medically necessary and surgical complications can permanently harm boys. In 2011, San Francisco intactivists obtained more than 7,000 signatures for a ballot measure banning circumcision. They argued it is infant genital mutilation that has wrongfully become culturally acceptable. “I feel all children, whether a boy

or girl, have a fundamental right to all the body parts they were born with,” said intactivist Lloyd Schofield. The Anti-Defamation League said the proposed ban was discriminatory to those who consider circumcision a coveted ritual.

The WHO reports circumcision is declining in the United States and the CDC found neonatal circumcision has declined from 83 percent in the 1960s to 77 percent in 2010. The most recent National Hospital Discharge Survey shows a three-decade decline in neonatal circumcision. Most medical organizations don’t take a hard stance in favor or against circumcision, characterizing it as a choice in which there are potential benefits and risks.

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) found the health benefits of newborn circumcision outweigh the risks, but says those benefits are not great enough to recommend universal neonatal circumcision, adding the procedure is not essential to a child’s wellbeing.

The CDC supports AAP’s stance and recommends providers counsel parents, adolescent boys and adult men about the benefits and risks of circumcision, rather than to advise one way or the other.

A growing number of Americans are questioning male circumcision.

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